DOCSLIB.ORG

INFRASTRUCTURE Sector-Final.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
INFRASTRUCTURE Sector-Final.Pdf w PRIORITIES: INFRASTRUCTURESECTOR 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYM ................................................................................................................................................ III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................... IV SOMALILAND VISION 2030 AND NDP II GOALS .......................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 2 ABOUT THE NDP II ........................................................................................................................................ 2 WHY: PRIORITISATION OF THE NDP II ............................................................................................................... 2 HOW WAS THE NDP II PRIORITISED? ................................................................................................................ 3 SECTOR BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................. 5 SECTOR VISION ............................................................................................................................................. 5 SECTOR OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ 5 WHY IS THE SECTOR IMPORTANT? ............................................................................................................................................... 5 WHAT IS THE POTENTIAL OF THE SECTOR? ..................................................................................................................................... 8 MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SECTOR ........................................................................................................................................ 9 PRIORITIZED OUTCOMES FROM SECTOR CONSULTATIONS ...................................................................................... 10 PROGRAMMING FOR RESULTS ................................................................................................................ 11 KEY ENABLERS ............................................................................................................................................ 11 REGIONAL CONSIDERATIONS .......................................................................................................................... 12 IMPACTS ON CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES ................................................................................................................ 13 IMPACTS ON UNDER PINNING PRINCIPLES .......................................................................................................... 13 IMPACTS AND DEPENDENCIES ON OTHER SECTORS IN THE NDP II ........................................................................... 15 PROGRAM SKETCHES .............................................................................................................................. 17 WHAT ARE PROGRAM SKETCHES? ........................................................................................................... 17 SUGGESTED PRIORITY PROGRAMS FOR THE SECTOR .............................................................................................. 17 CURRENT PROJECTS MAPPED .................................................................................................................. 20 NEXT STEPS ............................................................................................................................................. 22 SECTOR DIALOGUE WITH DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS ............................................................................................. 22 RESOURCE MOBILISATION ............................................................................................................................. 22 PROJECT DESIGN ......................................................................................................................................... 22 ANNEXES ............................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. TABLES Table 1. Somaliland Road Network in Km and Status in 2017 ............................................................................................ 6 Table 2. Prioritised outcomes from sector consultation .................................................................................................. 10 i FIGURES Figure 1. The Structure of the NDP II .................................................................................................................................. 2 Figure 2. Indicative costing of the nine sectors and three cross-cutting issues ................................................................. 3 Figure 3. The NDP II prioritisation process ......................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 4. Contribution of infrastructure to Somaliland’s GDP ............................................................................................ 5 Figure 5. Estimates of population distribution in Somaliland ............................................................................................. 5 Figure 6. Road Status in km ................................................................................................................................................ 9 ii ACRONYM CCT Cross-Cutting Themes CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women CMW Convention on Migrant Workers CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child CRPD Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities DFID Department of International Development DPW Dubai Port World ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation IMO International Maritime Organisation MoPND Ministry of Planning and National Development NDP National Development Plan SPF Sector Priority Frameworks TVET Technical and Vocational Education and Training UAE United Arab Emirates UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights DANIDA Danish International Development Agency GoSL Government of Somaliland WBG World Bank Group GDP Gross Domestic Production SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SCF Sector Coordination Forum iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Within a relatively short period, the prioritisation team at the Ministry of Planning and National Development (MoPND) have led and completed the prioritisation process of Somaliland’s entire National Development Plan II (2017 – 2021).The NDP II prioritisation process, which started in July 2018 and concluded in December 2018 included extensive dialogue and consultation with technical representatives from 54 central government institutions and local governments. The “priority of priorities” of the Government of Somaliland have been identified based on Somaliland’s needs, as well as the priorities set out by His Excellency, President Muse Bihi Abdi, following his elections in November 2017. I am grateful for the leadership and guidance of the Ministry’s Director General, Abdirashed Ibrahim Abdirahman who worked tirelessly with the prioritisation team and his counterparts across the Somaliland Government institutions to ensure that the prioritisation process was on track.Special thanks to Mubareg Abdulahi Ibrahim, the Ministry’s Director of Planning who, as the technical team leader of the prioritization process played a very crucial role. Abdilahi Ahmed and Mahdi Omar Sheik worked individually with each government institution, as well as with each sector and inter-sector committees, to ensure that the priorities of the Government were captured within and across institutions. Thanks to also Hinda Yousuf, Abdikarim Mohamoud and Ministry’s departmental directors and regional coordinators who contributed to the process. The sectoral approach taken as part of the methodology, encouraged the government institutions to think beyond their own organizations and take a more “systems- approach” to operationalising the NDP II. Importantly, regional prioritisation workshops were held across the six regions of Somaliland to inform the process with the active involvement of regional representatives of central government institutions and local governments. On behalf of the Government, I would like to thank various development partners – in particular, DFID, DANIDA, the Governments of the Netherlands and Norway, the current development partners for the Somaliland Development Fund for making the prioritisation process possible. My Senior Adviser, Antony van de Loo supported by the Government of Denmark played an important role in the preparation and implementation of the process. The three experts, Alex Parks, Rima das Pradhan-Blach and Ahmed Mohamed Diriye provided invaluable advice, bringing international as well as Somaliland-specific expertise to develop simple tools for prioritisation of the NDP II and guided the process, while ensuring Government leadership and ownership of the process. The Vice Minister of MoPND, H.E. Hussein Ibrahim Buni played an important role in communicating to the public about the prioritisation process. The Communications team from the Ministry ensured that efforts were documented, as well as ensuring that regular updates were provided to the public. Most importantly, the National Planning
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WHY SOMALIS FLEE Synthesis of Accounts of Conflict Experience In
    WHY SOMALIS FLEE Synthesis of Accounts of Conflict Experience in Northern Somalia by Somali Refugees, Displaced Persons and Others Report Submitted to: Robert L. Funseth, Acting Director Bureau for Refugee Programs Ambassador Herman J. Cohen Assistant Secretary of State Bureau for African Affairs Report Submitted by: Robert Gersony Consultant COPIES OF THIS REPORT Bureau for Refugee Programs MAY BE OBTAINED FROM: Department of State August 1989 Bureau for African Affairs AF/P, Room 3509 NS Department of State Washington, D. C. 20520 (202) 647-7371 Bureau for Refugee Programs RP/PA, Room 1282 SA-1 Department of State Washington, D. C. 20520 (202) 663-1026 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. INTRODUCTION 1 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES 4 Source of Findings 4 Geographical Scope 4 Host Government Cooperation 5 Selection of Interviewees 6 Categories of Interviewees 7 Interview Accounts 9 Limitations of Interviews 11 Limitations of Precision of Data 12 REPORTS FROM SOMALI REFUGEES IN ETHIOPIA AND KENYA 13 Interview Locations 13 Sex of Interviewees 13 Age 13 Marital Status 14 Home of Origin 14 Place of Birth 14 Previous Travel Outside Somalia 14 Mode of Travel to Ethiopia/Kenya 14 Clan Identification 16 Formal Education 16 Occupation 17 Refugee Family Participation in SNM 17 Page No. Reports of Violence Against Civilians 19 Civilians Killed Near Battle Areas 20 Attacks on Villages and Watering Points 21 Attacks on Asylum Seekers 22 Summary Executions and Other Killings 23 Systematic Elimination Outside Conflict Zone 25 Deaths and Ill-treatment in Prison 27 Deaths During Looting and Rape 30 Recapitulation 32 SNM Executions of Prisoners of War 34 REPORTS FROM SOMALIS IN NORTHERN SOMALIA 35 Categories of Interviewees 35 Interview Locations 35 Sex of Interviewees 35 Age 36 Marital Status 36 Home of Origin 36 Clan Identification 37 Formal Education 37 Occupation 38 Reports of Violence Against Civilians 39 Attacks on Sanctuary/Asylum Seekers 40 Page No.
    [Show full text]
  • Pre-Feasibility Study of the Regional Transport Sector in the Berbera Corridor Final Pre-Feasibility Report
    TTHHEE EEUURROOPPEEAANN CCOOMMMMIISSSSIIOONN DDEELLEEGGAATTIIIOONN OOFF TTHHEE EEUURROOPPEEAANN CCOOMMMMIIISSSSIIIOONN IIINN KKEENNYYAA PPRREE--FFEEAASSIIIBBIIILLIIITTYY SSTTUUDDYY OOFF TTHHEE RREEGGIIIOONNAALL TTRRAANNSSPPOORRTT SSEECCTTOORR IIINN TTHHEE BBEERRBBEERRAA CCOORRRRIIIDDOORR FFIIINNAALL PPRREE--FFEEAASSIIIBBIIILLIIITTYY RREEPPOORRTT EEXXEECCUUTTIIIVVEE SSUUMMMMAARRYY In collaboration with LOUIS BERGER S.A. AFROCONSULT Mercure III Wereda 2 Kalebe 14 H.N. 002 55 bis quai de Grenelle Ayu Sashe Building 75015 Paris - France Addis Ababa, Ethiopia September 2003 Louis Berger S.A. and Afro-Consult P.l.c This report was produced by Louis Berger S.A. and Afro-Consult P.l.c for the European Commission’s Delegation in Kenya and represents solely their own views. These views have not been adopted or in any way approved by the European Commission and should not be relied upon as a statement of the European Commission’s services. The European Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this report, nor does it accept responsibility for any use made thereof. Pre-Feasibility Study of the Regional Transport Sector in the Berbera Corridor Final Pre-Feasibility Report Louis Berger S.A. and Afro-Consult Plc EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Louis Berger S.A. was commissioned by the Delegation of the European Commission in Kenya to carry out the pre-feasibility study of the regional transport sector in the Berbera corridor, Afro-Consult P.l.c. from Ethiopia is a sub-contractor to Louis Berger S.A. for this study. This assignment is financed under the 8th European Development Fund. The Pre-feasibility study of the transport sector of the Berbera corridor (here-after called “the Study”) compares it with the other routes from Ethiopia to regional seaports (Djibouti, Assab, Massawa, Mombasa and Port Sudan) in order to determine the potential viability of investments to upgrade its main components : • The port of Berbera • The unimproved sections of the road between Berbera and Addis Ababa • The Hargeisa and Berbera airports.
    [Show full text]
  • Berbera Port Presentation Somaliland Ports Authorities
    Somaliland Ports Authorities Berbera Berbera Port Presentation Lat: 10o.26 North: Lon: 45o.01 East: Time +3GMT Gulf of Aden SOMALILAND Hargeysa BERBERA PORT: Berbera has been operational as a port for more than a thousand years, the present was developed initially by Soviet Union in 1968 (300 meter) and expanded 350 meters linear wharf in 1984 by U.S.A. Berbera Port is longest established port in Somaliland and has grown with the city to become one of the most prominent ports in East Africa The Port of Berbera owned and operated by the Government of the Republic of Somaliland EXPORT IMPORT .Livestock .Commodity . Sheep & Goats . Sugar, Rice . Cattle . Wheat, Wheat Flour . Camels . Pasta, Cooking Oil .Hides/skin . Building Materials . Scraps . Fuel, Vehicles & Parts . Beenyo (Myth gums) . Clothes 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 900,000 Cargo Statistics: Cargo - YR 1996 YR 1997 YR 1998 YR 1999 Import (intons)Import YR 2000 YR 2001 YR 2002 YR 2003 YR 2004 YR 2005 YR 2006 YR 2007 YR 2008 YR 2009 YR 2010 YR 2011 Export (in heads) 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 Ban st 1 lifted 2,500,000 livestock 2nd ban livestock 2,000,000 ban 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 - YR 2008 YR 2009 YR YR YR 1996 YR 1997 YR 1998 YR 1999 YR 2000 YR 2001 YR 2002 YR 2003 YR 2004 YR 2005 YR 2006 YR 2007 YR 2010 YR 2011 Livestock: Sheep & goats Livestock EXPORT CAMEL Port traffic all vessels 1996 - 2011 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR YR 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 TEUs 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 BERBEAR PORT Economic benefits Impact on 90% State revenue (Budget) Employment .
    [Show full text]
  • S 2019 858 E.Pdf
    United Nations S/2019/858* Security Council Distr.: General 1 November 2019 Original: English Letter dated 1 November 2019 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia addressed to the President of the Security Council On behalf of the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia, and in accordance with paragraph 54 of Security Council resolution 2444 (2018), I have the honour to transmit herewith the final report of the Panel of Experts on Somalia. In this connection, the Committee would appreciate it if the present letter and the report were brought to the attention of the members of the Security Council and issued as a document of the Council. (Signed) Marc Pecsteen de Buytswerve Chair Security Council Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia * Reissued for technical reasons on 14 November 2019. 19-16960* (E) 141119 *1916960* S/2019/858 Letter dated 27 September 2019 from the Panel of Experts on Somalia addressed to the Chair of the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia In accordance with paragraph 54 of Security Council resolution 2444 (2018), we have the honour to transmit herewith the final report of the Panel of Experts on Somalia. (Signed) Jay Bahadur Coordinator Panel of Experts on Somalia (Signed) Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker Humanitarian expert (Signed) Nazanine Moshiri Armed groups expert (Signed) Brian O’Sullivan Armed groups/natural resources expert (Signed) Matthew Rosbottom Finance expert (Signed) Richard Zabot Arms expert 2/161 19-16960 S/2019/858 Summary During the first reporting period of the Panel of Experts on Somalia, the use by Al-Shabaab of improvised explosive devices reached its greatest extent in Somali history, with a year-on-year increase of approximately one third.
    [Show full text]
  • Somalia S O M a L
    o o (o! (o! ! (! (o! ! o o ! ! Lalibela Elidahar OBOCK Caluula o (o! 40°E o 44°E 48°E (! ! ( o (! TADJOURAH MOUo CHA Bossasso Port Weldiya DUBTI o The port is busy. Two livestock vessels are at anchorage, o DJIBOUTI Djibouti o h Berbera Port waiting to berth. Berthing priority continues to be on a o! ! ! o ( ASAITA WEST Asaita .! The port is not congested. Several dhows are at berth, Qandala o!o!! AMBOULI first-come, first served basis. ! CHABELLEY (La(wya ( o ASAITA SOUTHWEST discharging. 4 livestock vessels are at anchorage Caddo (! Zeylac Bossaso CANDALA waiting for livestock readiness. Container vessels get (! 24 Djiboutio Laasqoray Bati ! ALI-SABIEH ! priority berthing, unless the port is extremely congested. ho Dese(! (! ! BOSSASO o DIKHIL o Aasha Caddo BOSSASO COMBOLCHA Xiis ! 48 Kala-Beyr ! o ERIGAVO Lughaye !Badhan 3 Djibouti! Port 18 ! Kemise 106 Geerisa ( 6 ! 120 The bulk terminal remains congested. Currently, 4 vessels with ! Ceerigaabo (!o Ceel-Doofaar 12 BERBERA 85 Haafuun bulk cargo are at berth, while 4 others are at anchorage, waiting ! Laso-Dawaco Ciisse 178 Berbera (! 24 5 ! ! o h to berth. More bulk cargo vessels are expected this week. Harirad ! (! ! Baki o (! Shunting challenges continue as most available trucks are being ! BERBERA Xagal (! Boon ( ! ! o SCUSCIUBAN used at the bulk terminal. ! ! 36 ! 72 Iskushuban Gewane Kidiyood 60 ! Laas Ciidle Buraan ! 1 Boorama Alhamdulilah Xiriiro 108 10°N ! (! ! (! Ceel Afweyn ! 10°N BOORAMAo( Darasalaam Sheikh 11 Huluul Beeyada! 2 1 Rako Xin-Galool Dhahar Guud Cad ! (! Gebiley Darar Weyne 156 ! ! A.T.D. YILMA INTL Sheekha ! ! 9 (! Debre Birhan ! (! ! 12 o! Garbo Haadley ! 75 64 Awr-Boogays GARDO ((! Dire Dawa Kalabaydh 2 ! 8 (! Burco BURAO Gar Adag ! JIJIGA Odweyne (!o ! Baraagaha (!o (! Bandarbayla Hargeisa (o! 2 159 Qardho o Allay baday! HARGEISA (! Qol (! ! Sayla Bari 12 (! K’ebri 12! 12 6 Gumb!uraha Ina Taleex Harar Ji Jiga Balli-Cabane ! 14 ! Qool-Caday Afmadoobe ! (! ! o ( ! 12 ! (! HargAweiassah Airport Gumar ! ! Salahley 123 4 Caynabo Gowsa Weyne Xudun (! !.
    [Show full text]
  • Somaliland Celebrates 28Tb Independence Day
    Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 05/21/2019 12:50:26 PM Tuesday, May 21, 2019 at 11:48:30 AM Eastern Daylight Time Subject: Somaliland News Update - May 2019 Date: Tuesday, May 21, 2019 at 11:31:45 AM Eastern Daylight Time From: Somaliland Mission to the U.S. on behalf of Somaliland Mission to the U.S. To: Somaliland ★ Somaliland Update / May 2019 Somaliland oil the International Stage R rU tW f i v I A ». Somaliland Celebrates 28tb Independence Day On May 19th, celebrations were held across Somaliland to mark the 28th anniversary of the country’s independence. In Hargeisa, the occasion was marked bv a live hr tarade and other festivities attended by delegations from Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Yemen, among other countries. The Chairman of Page 1 of 19 Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 05/21/2019 12:50:26 PM Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 05/21/2019 12:50:26 PM Uganda’s Parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs Hood Katuramu, who led his country’s delegation, urged recognition of Somaliland, stating, “If we are talking about pan Africanism, which Uganda prides itself to be a leader in this push, I think the time is ripe for us to recognize and start working with Somaliland.” Read more President Musa liilii Abdi Yamamoto to Somaliland On April 12, U.S. Ambassador Donald Yamamoto made his first trip to the Republic of Somaliland to meet with President Musa Bihi Abdi in Hargeisa. During the historic visit, President Bihi and Ambassador Yamamoto discussed strengthening Somaliland-U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Somalia S O M a L
    o HUMERA AXUM INDASELAo SSIE (o! (o! ALULA ABA NEGA ! o HERKALE (o! AZEZO ! o ASSA-GUEYLA ! ! Lalibela OBOCK Caluula o LALIBELLA(o! 40°E Elidahar o 44°E 48°E !( DEBRE TABOR TADJOURAH !( Djibouti Port o Bossasso Port BAHIR DAR Weldiya Djibouti The bulk terminal remains congested. There are now 6 bulk DJIBOUTI h The port is congested, with three vessels ! ! ! cargo vessels at berth, and another 5 waiting at anchorage. o (o .! AMBOULI currently waiting at anchorage. Qandala o!(o!! In addition, more bulk cargo vessels are expected this week. Asaita CHABELLEY (Lawya !( o CANDALA BELES Zeylac Shunting challenges are also being experienced due to high Caddo !( BOSSASO Bossaso 24 Djibouti incoming tonnages, especially at the congested bulk terminal. Laasqoray o!( Bati ! ! !( !h Dese!( Aasha Caddo BOSSASO o COMBOLCHA DIKHIL o Berbera Port Xiis The port is congested. 5 vessels are at berth ! 48 Kala-Beyr ! o and 4 are waiting at anchorage. Badhan 3 MEKANE SELAM ! 18 Lughaye ERIGAVO ! Kemise Geerisa !( 106 ! Ceerigaabo !(o 6 ! Ceel-Doofaar 120 12 BERBERA 85 ! Laso-Dawaco Ciisse Haafuun 178 Berbera !( 24 5 ! ! o h Harirad ! ! Baki o DEBRA MARCOS !( Xagal !(o Boon BERBERA ! ! SCUSCIUBAN ! 36 ! 72 Iskushuban !Gewane Kidiyood 60 ! Laas Ciidle Buraan ! 1 Alhamdulilah Xiriiro 108 10°N Boorama ! ! 10°N BOORAMA !( !( Ceel Afweyn o!( Darasalaam Sheikh 11 Huluul Beeyada! 2 1 Rako Xin-Galool Dhahar Guud Cad ! !( Gebiley Darar Weyne 156 ! ! A.T.D. YILMA INTL Sheekha ! ! 9 !( Debre Birhan ! !( ! 12 Garbo Haadley ! 75 64 Awr-Boogays GARDO !(o! Kalabaydh 2 ! Diredana
    [Show full text]
  • Somaliland, 16-26 June 2012 Somaliland Is a De Facto
    Somaliland, 16-26 June 2012 Somaliland is a de facto independent region north-west of Somalia. Its borders are based on the British Somaliland protectorate, after which it was briefly independent for a few days before joining the rest of Somalia. In 1991, the region fought a successful war against the south, and Somaliland colours (red, white and green) are painted on almost every conceivable surface throughout Somaliland together with the date of independence – 18 May. Since then, Somaliland has been stable and avoided most of the problems of southern Somalia. However, most western governments still warn against travel not only to Somalia but also to Somaliland. I doubt this is a place it would be sensible to travel independently, and with all the police checkpoints, you might not get very far. I took a golden opportunity to join Abdi Jama, who grew up in Somaliland before emigrating to the United States, but is now back in the country, a very funny and friendly guy, a keen birder himself and leading several bird tours each year. Abdi, of course has contacts all over Somaliland – together with our two very friendly escorts from the special police unit (SPU), Nasir and Mohamed, as well as Zeinab, our excellent cook, and her cheerful son Zakaria—it seemed we hardly passed through a single village or checkpoint without running into someone that someone in the team knew. Thanks to everyone for making me feel so welcome in Somaliland! Abdi kept saying June was the wet season… I can’t imagine what things are like the rest of the year.
    [Show full text]
  • Dying of Perinneals in the Guban Areas of Somaliland
    Perennial Plant Mortality in the Guban Area of Somaliland Ahmed Ibrahim Awale & Ahmed Jama Sugulle ĂŶĚůĞůŝŐŚƚĨŽƌ,ĞĂůƚŚ͕ĚƵĐĂƟŽŶΘŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ;>,Ϳ ,ĂƌŐĞŝƐĂ͕^ŽŵĂůŝůĂŶĚͮ͘W͘K͘ŽdžϭϬϬϭϮ͕ũŝďŽƵƟ͕ZĞƉƵďůŝĐŽĨũŝďŽƵƟͮͲŵĂŝů͗ĐĂŶĚĂƐůŝΛLJĂŚŽŽ͘ĐŽŵͮtĞďƐŝƚĞ͗ǁǁǁ͘ĐĂŶĚůĞůŝŐŚƚƐŽŵ͘ŽƌŐ Candlelight for Health, Education & Environment (CLHE) © 2011 Candlelight Candlelight for Health, Education & Environment (CLHE) Hargeisa, Somaliland Contact address: P.O. Box 10012, Djibouti, Republic of Djibouti e-mail: [email protected] Perennial Plant Mortality www.candlelightsom.org Disclaimer in the Guban Area This document has been produced with the fi nancial assistance of the European Union and Heinrich Boell Foundation; the Contents of this document are the sole responsibility of Candlelight for Health, Education & Environment and can under no circumstances be regarded as refl ecting the position of the EU and HBF. of Somaliland All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced without written permission from the publisher, except for brief quotation in books and critical reviews. For information and permissions, write to Candlelight for Health, Education & Environment. Ahmed Ibrahim Awale & Ahmed Jama Sugulle Opinions expressed are the responsibility of the individual authors and do not necessarily constitute the offi cial position of Candlelight for Health, Education & Environment. Photo credits: Reach-Over Creative Ltd. Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 1.0. INTRODUCTION 6 2.0. THE STUDY AREA 6 3.0. CLIMATE AND RAINFALL 7 4.0. VEGETATION 8 5.0. RESOURCE USERS AND NEW GRAZING TRENDS 9 6.0. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL USES OF THE SOME OF THE AFFECTED PERENNIAL PLANTS 10 7.0. FINDINGS 11 7.1. Extraordinary vegetation mortality 11 Annex I: Photos 13 7.2. Community Perceptions of the Death of the Plant Species 18 8.0.
    [Show full text]
  • KODY LOTNISK ICAO Niniejsze Zestawienie Zawiera 8372 Kody Lotnisk
    KODY LOTNISK ICAO Niniejsze zestawienie zawiera 8372 kody lotnisk. Zestawienie uszeregowano: Kod ICAO = Nazwa portu lotniczego = Lokalizacja portu lotniczego AGAF=Afutara Airport=Afutara AGAR=Ulawa Airport=Arona, Ulawa Island AGAT=Uru Harbour=Atoifi, Malaita AGBA=Barakoma Airport=Barakoma AGBT=Batuna Airport=Batuna AGEV=Geva Airport=Geva AGGA=Auki Airport=Auki AGGB=Bellona/Anua Airport=Bellona/Anua AGGC=Choiseul Bay Airport=Choiseul Bay, Taro Island AGGD=Mbambanakira Airport=Mbambanakira AGGE=Balalae Airport=Shortland Island AGGF=Fera/Maringe Airport=Fera Island, Santa Isabel Island AGGG=Honiara FIR=Honiara, Guadalcanal AGGH=Honiara International Airport=Honiara, Guadalcanal AGGI=Babanakira Airport=Babanakira AGGJ=Avu Avu Airport=Avu Avu AGGK=Kirakira Airport=Kirakira AGGL=Santa Cruz/Graciosa Bay/Luova Airport=Santa Cruz/Graciosa Bay/Luova, Santa Cruz Island AGGM=Munda Airport=Munda, New Georgia Island AGGN=Nusatupe Airport=Gizo Island AGGO=Mono Airport=Mono Island AGGP=Marau Sound Airport=Marau Sound AGGQ=Ontong Java Airport=Ontong Java AGGR=Rennell/Tingoa Airport=Rennell/Tingoa, Rennell Island AGGS=Seghe Airport=Seghe AGGT=Santa Anna Airport=Santa Anna AGGU=Marau Airport=Marau AGGV=Suavanao Airport=Suavanao AGGY=Yandina Airport=Yandina AGIN=Isuna Heliport=Isuna AGKG=Kaghau Airport=Kaghau AGKU=Kukudu Airport=Kukudu AGOK=Gatokae Aerodrome=Gatokae AGRC=Ringi Cove Airport=Ringi Cove AGRM=Ramata Airport=Ramata ANYN=Nauru International Airport=Yaren (ICAO code formerly ANAU) AYBK=Buka Airport=Buka AYCH=Chimbu Airport=Kundiawa AYDU=Daru Airport=Daru
    [Show full text]
  • A Dangerous Gulf in the Horn How the Inter-Arab Crisis Is Fuelling
    A Dangerous Gulf in the Horn How the Inter-Arab Crisis is Fuelling Regional Tensions ICG August 2017 The Gulf crisis and the scramble for military outposts in the Horn of Africa are exacerbating regional tensions that risk triggering a conflict. In this Q&A, Crisis Group’s Horn of Africa Project Director Rashid Abdi untangles the complex web of relations that tie the Horn and the Gulf. How has the Gulf crisis affected security and stability in the Horn? The Gulf and the Horn are intricately intertwined regions that face common threats and vulnerabilities: armed conflict, transnational jihadism and organised crime, including piracy, human trafficking and money laundering. The current crisis comes at a difficult moment for the historically conflict-prone Horn, much of which is either politically unstable, mired in internal armed conflict or still in a state of fragile post-conflict recovery. Turmoil in the Gulf has sharply escalated the region’s already dangerous militarisation as governments are pressed to side either with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) or with Qatar (and, indirectly, Turkey). This has been profoundly destabilising, sowing new regional divisions and rekindling old hostilities. Perhaps most alarmingly, the Gulf crisis potentially could put Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti on a path toward armed confrontation, inflaming the Horn’s most dangerous three-way territorial dispute. Border tensions rose in June when Qatar removed 400 observers monitoring a ceasefire on the Red Sea island of Doumeira, claimed by both Eritrea and Djibouti, to protest the two countries’ support for its Gulf adversaries. Taking advantage of the pullout, Eritrea swiftly deployed forces to cement its de facto hold on the island.
    [Show full text]
  • SOMALIA FLOODS $1.84M $4.5M $2.66M
    SOMALIA FLOODS Health Cluster Floods Response. as of 28 November 2019 Alula Airport Caluula The Somalia Floods Response Plan, November 2019 Candala Airport to January 2020 estimates the total number of Bosaso Airport Qandala people aected by the oods at 547,000, of whom Zeylac Erigavo Airport Bossaso 370,000 were displaced. Lughaye Laasqoray Hafun Airstrip Awdal Berbera Airport Iskushuban Scusciuban Airport Baki Berbera Hafun Old Base Airstrip Sanaag Ceerigaabo Bari In Belet Weyne district, an estimated 45,500 Borama Borama Airport Ceel Afweyn households (273,000 people) have ed their homes. Woqooyi Galbeed Sheikh Gebiley Egal International Airport Burao Airport Gardo Airport Hargeysa Qardho Farmland, infrastructure and roads have been Owdweyne Burco Caynabo destroyed in some of the worst-hit areas in Hirsha- Togdheer Xudun Taleex Bandarbeyla belle, Jubaland and South West States. At least 17 Sool Garowe Airport deaths have been reported. Buuhoodle Laas Caanood Garoowe Eil Airport Nugaal Eyl Key Figures Burtinle Galdogob Gaalkacyo Jariiban Galcaio Airport Adado Airport Cadaado Mudug 550,000 370,000 200,000 Hobyo Cabudwaaq People affected Targeted for People displaced Obbia Airport health assistance Dhuusamarreeb Galgaduud People affected/district Beletwene Airport People displaced/district Ceel Barde Ceel Buur Xarardheere Belet Weyne Airports/Airfields Rab Dhuure Hiraan Major Roads Ceel Dheer Bakool Xudur Doolow Lugh Ganane Airport Bulo Burto Regional Boundaries Luuq Waajid Tayeeglow $4.5m Adan Yabaal Belet Xaawo Garbaharey Airport Flooding
    [Show full text]