Demographic History and Population Structure of Polistes Fuscatus Paper Wasps
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Torix Rickettsia Are Widespread in Arthropods and Reflect a Neglected Symbiosis
GigaScience, 10, 2021, 1–19 doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giab021 RESEARCH RESEARCH Torix Rickettsia are widespread in arthropods and Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gigascience/article/10/3/giab021/6187866 by guest on 05 August 2021 reflect a neglected symbiosis Jack Pilgrim 1,*, Panupong Thongprem 1, Helen R. Davison 1, Stefanos Siozios 1, Matthew Baylis1,2, Evgeny V. Zakharov3, Sujeevan Ratnasingham 3, Jeremy R. deWaard3, Craig R. Macadam4,M. Alex Smith5 and Gregory D. D. Hurst 1 1Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral CH64 7TE, UK; 2Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, 8 West Derby Street, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK; 3Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada; 4Buglife – The Invertebrate Conservation Trust, Balallan House, 24 Allan Park, Stirling FK8 2QG, UK and 5Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Summerlee Science Complex, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada ∗Correspondence address. Jack Pilgrim, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. E-mail: [email protected] http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2941-1482 Abstract Background: Rickettsia are intracellular bacteria best known as the causative agents of human and animal diseases. Although these medically important Rickettsia are often transmitted via haematophagous arthropods, other Rickettsia, such as those in the Torix group, appear to reside exclusively in invertebrates and protists with no secondary vertebrate host. Importantly, little is known about the diversity or host range of Torix group Rickettsia. -
Systematics of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a Phylogenetic Consideration of Hamilton’S Haplodiploidy Hypothesis
Ann. Zool. Fennici 43: 390–406 ISSN 0003-455X Helsinki 29 December 2006 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2006 Systematics of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a phylogenetic consideration of Hamilton’s haplodiploidy hypothesis Kurt M. Pickett*, James M. Carpenter & Ward C. Wheeler Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10023, USA * Current address: Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Room 120A Marsh Life Science Building, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA Received 30 Nov. 2005, revised version received 21 Nov. 2006, accepted 4 May 2006 Pickett, K. M., Carpenter, J. M. & Wheeler, W. C. 2006: Systematics of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a phylogenetic consideration of Hamilton’s haplodiploidy hypothesis. — Ann. Zool. Fennici 43: 390–406. A review of previously published cladistic analyses of Polistes is presented. The two most recent analyses of Polistes are shown to be largely consistent phylogenetically. Although the taxonomy implied by each differs, this difference is shown to be mostly due to taxon sampling. After the review, a phylogenetic analysis of Polistes — the most data-rich yet undertaken — is presented. The analysis includes new data and the data from previously published analyses. The differing conclusions of the previous studies are discussed in light of the new analysis. After discussing the status of subge- neric taxonomy in Polistes, the new phylogeny is used to test an important hypothesis regarding the origin of social behavior: the haplodiploidy hypothesis of Hamilton. Prior phylogenetic analyses so while these studies achieved their goal, with within Polistes resolutions leading to rejection of Emery’s Rule, they had little to say about broader phylogenetic Cladistic analysis of species-level relationships patterns within the genus. -
The Influence of Heavy Metals on the Shape and Asymmetry of Wings Of
Ecotoxicology https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-021-02449-8 The influence of heavy metals on the shape and asymmetry of wings of female Polistes nimpha (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) living on contaminated sites 1 2 1 Anna Mielczarek ● Łukasz Mielczarek ● Elżbieta Wojciechowicz-Żytko Accepted: 29 June 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the fluctuating asymmetry of the first pair of wings in females Polistes nimpha (Christ, 1791) living in an environment contaminated with heavy metals. The average concentration of Zn, Cd and Pb in the bodies of the insects varied depending on the distance from the source of contamination, reaching the highest values on the site closest to the source of contamination and the lowest at the most distant site. As a result of the morphometric analyses, significant differences were found in the asymmetry values of the first pair of wings depending on the level of Zn, Cd, Pb accumulated by the wasps. In the case of shape asymmetry, differences were found for all the effects studied (year of capture 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: and site). Significant differences were also found in the size of wings between individuals captured on Sites 1 and 2 and those caught on Site 3. Specimens caught on site characterized by the lowest concentration of heavy metals in the topsoil, proved to be significantly larger than the insects collected on the other sites. There were no differences in the size of individuals between the different years of capture. Based on the results obtained by us, it can be assumed that the wings of P. -
A New Species of the Paper Wasp Genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe Revealed by Morphometrics and Molecular Analyses
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 400:A 67–118new species (2014) of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)... 67 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.400.6611 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new species of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe revealed by morphometrics and molecular analyses Rainer Neumeyer1,†, Hannes Baur2,‡, Gaston-Denis Guex3,§, Christophe Praz4,| 1 Probsteistrasse 89, CH-8051 Zürich, Switzerland 2 Abteilung Wirbellose Tiere, Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bernastrasse 15, CH-3005 Bern, Switzerland 3 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Field Station Dätwil, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland 4 Evolutionary Entomology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland † http://zoobank.org/B0BFC898-8FDF-4E01-8657-CBADE08292D3 ‡ http://zoobank.org/76BB8FCD-3EC9-4774-8FF3-194D57A8A905 § http://zoobank.org/D038CAA8-4662-4BD9-931A-C0FD5FC623D8 | http://zoobank.org/0718546C-5D1A-44D4-921C-C7EA0C11BE0A Corresponding author: Rainer Neumeyer ([email protected]) Academic editor: M. Buffington | Received 13 November 2013 | Accepted 18 March 2014 | Published 11 April 2014 http://zoobank.org/91DC4784-F49A-4353-B4C8-DC0F67B1EF92 Citation: Neumeyer R, Baur H, Guex G-D, Praz C (2014) A new species of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe revealed by morphometrics and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 400: 67–118. doi: 10.3897/ zookeys.400.6611 Abstract We combine multivariate ratio analysis (MRA) of body measurements and analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear data to examine the status of several species of European paper wasps (Polistes Latreille, 1802) closely related to P. -
Radiation in Socially Parasitic Formicoxenine Ants
RADIATION IN SOCIALLY PARASITIC FORMICOXENINE ANTS DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DES DOKTORGRADES DER NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN (D R. R ER . N AT .) DER NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FAKULTÄT III – BIOLOGIE UND VORKLINISCHE MEDIZIN DER UNIVERSITÄT REGENSBURG vorgelegt von Jeanette Beibl aus Landshut 04/2007 General Introduction II Promotionsgesuch eingereicht am: 19.04.2007 Die Arbeit wurde angeleitet von: Prof. Dr. J. Heinze Prüfungsausschuss: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. S. Schneuwly 1. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. J. Heinze 2. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. S. Foitzik 3. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. P. Poschlod General Introduction I TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: Six origins of slavery in formicoxenine ants 13 Introduction 15 Material and Methods 17 Results 20 Discussion 23 CHAPTER 2: Phylogeny and phylogeography of the Mediterranean species of the parasitic ant genus Chalepoxenus and its Temnothorax hosts 27 Introduction 29 Material and Methods 31 Results 36 Discussion 43 CHAPTER 3: Phylogenetic analyses of the parasitic ant genus Myrmoxenus 46 Introduction 48 Material and Methods 50 Results 54 Discussion 59 CHAPTER 4: Cuticular profiles and mating preference in a slave-making ant 61 Introduction 63 Material and Methods 65 Results 69 Discussion 75 CHAPTER 5: Influence of the slaves on the cuticular profile of the slave-making ant Chalepoxenus muellerianus and vice versa 78 Introduction 80 Material and Methods 82 Results 86 Discussion 89 GENERAL DISCUSSION 91 SUMMARY 99 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 101 REFERENCES 103 APPENDIX 119 DANKSAGUNG 120 General Introduction 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION Parasitism is an extremely successful mode of life and is considered to be one of the most potent forces in evolution. As many degrees of symbiosis, a phenomenon in which two unrelated organisms coexist over a prolonged period of time while depending on each other, occur, it is not easy to unequivocally define parasitism (Cheng, 1991). -
Polistes Dominula's Impact on P. Fuscatus in the Northeastern US
Biol Invasions https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1617-8 ORIGINAL PAPER Displacement and replacement in real time: Polistes dominula’s impact on P. fuscatus in the northeastern U.S. Julia A. Pilowsky . Philip T. Starks Received: 11 May 2017 / Accepted: 7 November 2017 Ó Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2017 Abstract Two major challenges in studying the at the most invaded sites. These findings suggest a impacts of exotic invasive species on native species positive feedback cycle in the establishment of P. are identifying mechanisms of displacement and dominula, in which the invasive wasp drives popula- replacement and the lack of long-term population tion declines in the native that in turn allow P. studies in these systems. A solution for the first is to dominula to further establish. This system provides an study invasive and native congeners that occupy the example of a possible extinction vortex caused by same niche. A solution for the second is to study many competitive exclusion of a species by its invasive populations for one year instead of one population for congener. many years. We studied the invasion biology of the invasive European paper wasp Polistes dominula and Keywords Polistes Á Invasion biology Á Competitive its native congener the Northern paper wasp P. exclusion Á Local extinction Á Displacement fuscatus, two species which compete for similar resources. We tracked the demography of the two wasps at sites in the northeastern United States. We found that the survival of P. dominula to the repro- Introduction ductive period in August was three times that of P. -
Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae)
Phylogenetic Relationships among European Polistes and the Evolution ofSocial Parasitism (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae) James M. CARPENTER Department ofEntomology, American Museum ofNatural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Cladistic analysis of the European species ofPolistes is used to investigate the evolution .of social parasitism in the genus. The three species of social parasites (formerly the genus Sulcopolistes) are all inquilines: lacking a worker caste, and dependent on uSUIping the colony ofa host species to obtain a worker force. El:vlERY'S Rule states that social parasites are more closely related to their hosts than to any other species. Previously published allozyme (CARPENTER et aI., 1993) and mtDNA (CHOUDHARY et aI., 1994) data did not support this hypothesis, but did not resolve relationships among the species of social parasites. Morphological characters are adduced which resolve the phylogenetic relationships among these three species, and the combination of the morphological and molecular data sets largely resolves the relationships among all nine European species. Cladistic optimization oftraits associated with social parasitism on the resulting cladogram shows: (1) El:vlERy's'Rule is rejected; (2) the scenario proposed by TAYLOR (1939) for the evolution of social parasitism is not supported either. The predatory behavior ofthe inquiline P. atn"mandibularis, with separate "supply" and "nursery" nests, is evidently secondary, as .. is its initially passive invasion behavior. - La phylogenie des Polistes d'Europe et revolution du parasitisme social (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae) L'analyse cladistique des especes de Polistes europeennes est utilisee pour etudier l'evolution du parasitisme social dans Ie geme. -
The Nesting Ecology of Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae and Polistinae) in Northern Mongolia
© 2018 Journal compilation ISSN 1684-3908 (print edition) http://mjbs.num.edu.mn Mongolian Journal of Biological http://biotaxa.org./mjbs Sciences MJBS Volume 16(1), 2018 ISSN 2225-4994 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/mjbs.2018.16.07 Original Ar cle The Nesting Ecology of Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae and Polistinae) in Northern Mongolia Buyanjargal Batchuluun1, Bataa Dandarmaa2 and Leonard E. Munstermann3 1Laboratory of Entomology, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongolia, e-mail: [email protected] 2Health, Safety and Environment Department, Oyu Tolgoi LLC, Ulaanbaatar 14240, Mongolia, e-mail: [email protected] 3Yale School of Public Health & Yale Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Key words: Vespidae, Observations on the nesting characteristics and colony life of Mongolian social nesting site, social wasp, wasps are essential to the fi eld due to the peripheral locations of species distribution northern Mongolia ranges and critical lack of such information. We found 35 nests of seven social wasp species, including three vespine species (Dolichovespula saxonica, D. media and Vespula vulgaris) and four polistine species (Polistes snelleni, P. riparius, P. nimpha Article information: and P. biglumis). Riparian woodland was the habitat where the most species (fi ve out Received: 29 Nov. 2018 of seven) nests were found. Nests of P. snelleni, Baikal-Far Eastern species, were Accepted: 25 Dec. 2018 found only in river cut banks, in holes probably originally excavated by passerine Published online: birds most likely sand martin (Riparia riparia). Nesting sites of D. -
Controlling Wasps, Bees and Hornets Around Your Home Dr
Bringing information and education into the communities of the Granite State Controlling Wasps, Bees and Hornets Around Your Home Dr. Alan T. Eaton, Extension Specialist, Entomology Wasp encounters can be painful, even life-threatening, for a few highly sensitive people. Yet some New Hampshire species are not very aggressive and they also serve as valuable predators of soft-bodied insects. A hands-off policy might be better for some situations, while others might require careful, direct action. The choice you make should depend on the species and situation. Aggressive species New Hampshire is “blessed” with at least nine species of yellow- jackets, along with two other aggressive wasp species, the bald- faced hornet and giant European hornet. All these members of the wasp family Vespidae live in colonies and have similar life cycles. We also have a moderately aggressive, large solitary wasp, called the cicada killer. Most yellow jackets are about ½ inch long, with yellow and black banded bodies, and clear wings. Bald-faced hornets grow up to ¾ Yellow jacket wasp. Wasps and hornets are im- inch long, with stout, black bodies marked with gray or white bands. portant predators of soft-bodied insects, such Giant European hornets grow up to one inch long, resembling giant as caterpillars. yellow jackets, with a stout body, but colored yellow, brown and black. Only the mated females of Vespidae species survive the winter. These females overwinter individually, usually in deep leaf litter in the woods. In the spring, those that survived emerge and search for a site to start a tiny nest. Bald faced hornets prefer eaves of buildings, horizontal branches, or some similar site protected from rain. -
Entomological Society of America
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 100, Lanham, MD 20706-4876 Phone: (301) 731-4535 • Fax: (301) 731-4538 E-mail: [email protected] • http://www.entsoc.org Proposal Form for new Common Name or Change of ESA-Approved Common Name Complete this form and send or e-mail to the above address. Submissions will not be considered unless this form is filled out completely. The proposer is expected to be familiar with the rules, recommendations, and procedures outlined in the “Use and Submission of Common Names” on the ESA website and with the discussion by A.B. Gurney, 1953, Journal of Economic Entomology 46:207-211. 1. Proposed new common name: European paper wasp 2. Previously approved common name (if any): None 3. Scientific name (genus, species, author): Polistes dominula (Christ) Order: Hymenoptera Family: Vespidae Supporting Information 4. Reasons supporting the need for the proposed common name: Since its introduction into North America (ca. 1968 New Jersey, ca. 1976 Boston area), this vespid has become widespread throughout the northern half of the United States and southern Canada. It some locations it has become the dominant Polistes species and a very visible insect in yards and gardens. 5. Stage or characteristic to which the proposed common name refers: “Paper wasp” refers to its habit of constructing a multi-celled umbrella-form nest. This is typical of Polistes spp., including those currently recognized as “paper wasps” in the ESA Common Names listing (e.g., Polistes aurifer/golden paper wasp, Polistes olivaceous/Macao paper wasp). This insect is native to Europe and a recent colonizer of North America. -
Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas
Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas Neal L. Evenhuis, Lucius G. Eldredge, Keith T. Arakaki, Darcy Oishi, Janis N. Garcia & William P. Haines Pacific Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 Final Report November 2010 Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish & Wildlife Office Honolulu, Hawaii Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 2 BISHOP MUSEUM The State Museum of Natural and Cultural History 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai’i 96817–2704, USA Copyright© 2010 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Contribution No. 2010-015 to the Pacific Biological Survey Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 5 Background ..................................................................................................................... 7 General History .............................................................................................................. 10 Previous Expeditions to Pagan Surveying Terrestrial Arthropods ................................ 12 Current Survey and List of Collecting Sites .................................................................. 18 Sampling Methods ......................................................................................................... 25 Survey Results .............................................................................................................. -
Visual Signals of Individual Identity in the Wasp Polistes Fuscatus Elizabeth A
Received 8 January 2002 Accepted 26 March 2002 Published online 17 June 2002 Visual signals of individual identity in the wasp Polistes fuscatus Elizabeth A. Tibbetts Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA ([email protected]) Individual recognition is an essential component of interactions in many social systems, but insects are often thought incapable of the sophistication necessary to recognize individuals. If this were true, it would impose limits on the societies that insects could form. For example, queens and workers of the paper wasp Polistes fuscatus form a linear dominance hierarchy that determines how food, work and reproduction are divided within the colony. Such a stable hierarchy would be facilitated if individuals of different ranks have some degree of recognition. P. fuscatus wasps have, to our knowledge, previously undocumented variability in their yellow facial and abdominal markings that are intriguing candidates for signals of indi- vidual identity. Here, I describe these highly variable markings and experimentally test whether P. fuscatus queens and workers use these markings to identify individual nest-mates visually. I demonstrate that individuals whose yellow markings are experimentally altered with paint receive more aggression than control wasps who are painted in a way that does not alter their markings. Further, aggression declines towards wasps with experimentally altered markings as these novel markings become familiar to their nest- mates. This evidence for individual recognition in P. fuscatus indicates that interactions between insects may be even more complex than previously anticipated. Keywords: individual recognition; insect vision; social behaviour; dominance hierarchies; pattern recognition 1. INTRODUCTION nant female (Sledge et al.