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Application of Bionic Architecture in Buildingfacades of Modernmaterials American Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.us ¹ 5-6, May-June 2019 [email protected] SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES Manuscript info: Received April 12, 2018., Accepted May 17, 2018., Published June 20, 2019. APPLICATION OF BIONIC ARCHITECTURE IN BUILDINGFACADES OF MODERNMATERIALS Yasaman Esfahanian1, Mansour Yeganeh2 M.A in architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, Email: [email protected] Corresponding author, Assistant professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, TarbiatModares University, Tehran, Iran, Email:[email protected] http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2573-5616-2019-6-19 Abstract: The purpose of this research is to recognize the concept of Bionic architecture and its application in pursuit of sustainable architecture compatible with nature as well as the production of absorbentlight materials in the facade of the building. The present research is based on the purpose of the applied research type. Applied research is a type of research that is conducted in accordance with the needs and activities of the communities and humanity and is based on the nature and method of the type of descriptive-analytic blend. Related Information are collected based on the library resources, articles, and site books and then analyzed. The research results show that although the bionic architecture seems to cost more, the long-term cost will be offset by saving energy, avoiding maintenance, and long and useful life. Research findings also show that the LSF structure, which is a very lightweight and earthquake resistant structure, can be used in the bionic architecture. Keywords: Bio architecture, Facades, Material, Smart, Energy Recommended citation: Yasaman Esfahanian, Mansour Yeganeh. APPLICATION OF BIONIC ARCHITECTURE IN BUILDINGFACADES OF MODERNMATERIALS. 5-6. American Journal of Research P. 192-202 (2019). 1-introduction human's pursuit of nature is seen in Humanity always has long been the works of engineering and the art inspired by nature in its of architecture, which has created construction.Throughout the history beautiful and diverse works. The of evolution, if the path of human bionic architecture is the inspiration movement is distanced from the for nature in the design of the behavior of nature, it causes the building.Bionics means biodiversity phenomena to appear as natural or the use of fictitious organs of damage or special dilemmas.The nature. What is nowadays a special USA, Michigan Generalization of Scientific Results 192 American Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.us ¹ 5-6, May-June 2019 [email protected] feature of engineering projects is that consisting of an architect, structural experts from different angles of designer, designer of electrical and architecture and engineering are mechanical installations with a view trying to move onthis way.But what to utilizing nature and the principle is needed in designing buildings in of minimum energy consumption the third millennium is the subject and green architecture with each of coordination and interaction other so that the design is created between architecture and technology optimally (Fayez, 1396).In recent in this regard (yeganeh. et al. years, many happiness fell to the 2018).This paper tries to investigate ecology of the planet caused people the originality of the project from a to reconsider in many industries.In structural and architectural point of the area of architecture, the study view and in line with the natural of the type of materials and how behavior and life-style needs of to construct structures and their technology based on this centuryand design led architects to inspire suggests that in the third nature in various forms to millennium, the path of training and definitions such as Bionic designing of buildings should be architecture of sustainable shaped by the creation of a team architecture and energy uptake. Fig1: Natural ecosystems are characterized mainly by locally adopted and integrated processes In the meantime, exploring the desert climate and use a variety of design of structures based on the materials (clay and brick) to make Bionic architecture and inspiration the best stand.The past architect also from nature in the past also brings lived in nature, and, besides utilizing the way to their future. Our nature, always paid attention to the traditional architecture, in the same fact that he did not harm to nature beautyhasa very good performance but he learned most of the lessons and strength, and it shows well in from natural design techniques ancient times, with the least facilities (salighe, 2016).Considering the and the best design, they have made technology and cost of consuming the climate more desirable in the materials and the use of the latest USA, Michigan Generalization of Scientific Results 193 American Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.us ¹ 5-6, May-June 2019 [email protected] technology achievements in the first used by Jack Steel at a conference construction industry was the first called "Vital Models, a Key to New statement in this style of architecture Technologies" in the 1960s. Bionic of the Bionics, followed by structural science examines the structures and systems and new building materials patterns in nature and their use in entered into the realm of architecture solving human problems. This which featured the science does not seek to copy or technology.Bionics' term consists of imitate nature only, but aims at the combining the two words of biology proper patterning of knowledge to mean biology and technique, derived from nature. (Golabchi, which means an art. This word was 2014). Fig2: Sustainable Buildings based on Bio Architecture 2. Theoretical foundations and countries. Most of the energy used research background in the building is used for heating, Inspiration from nature is not a cooling, ventilation, lighting, and new idea. Over the past fifty years, so on. A small percentage of energy many biotechnologies, such as flying is used to produce building materials mechanisms based on flying birds and destruction of about 10 to 20 and insects, hardened ceramics percent. Renewable energy sources based on pearls, rubber and hard should be used to prevent the global composites based on fiber climate change and the destruction orientation in wood, etc., represent of non-renewable resources. The the inspiration from nature and purpose of this research is to bionic. In the first decade of the 21st recognize the concept of Bionic century, the amount of Bionic architecture and its application in research has been developed. pursuit of sustainable architecture Climate change, reducing fossil fuels compatible with nature as well as and increasing energy consumption the production of light absorbing are one of the biggest problems materials. today.The building sector consumes 2-1.Bionic in architecture more than a third of the total energy The goal of architects is to get and is the largest source of into the Bionic world of architectural greenhouse gas emissions in most innovation. Architects are USA, Michigan Generalization of Scientific Results 194 American Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.us ¹ 5-6, May-June 2019 [email protected] investigating in common areas of 4 Form: Form is one of the most architecture and biology to identify important criteria in architectural appropriate patterns and discover design. In Bionic architecture, the innovative ideas and transfer mere transfer of natural forms to biological properties to architecture. architecture is not significant. Bionic architecture can be divided Therefore, the relationship between into six major groups: form, function, structure, and 1. Role and pattern: The nature material is very important. Form's use inspired roles are usually used in includes four subset forms of decorations; in some cases, they also animal, human, plant, and still life. have a functional role. 5. Function: Natural organisms 2. Structures: The inspiration for have evolved over hundreds of the structure of the organisms and thousands of years and have evolved its application in architecture is in terms of complexity, variety, and possible by understanding the adaptability. Humans can transform structures and mechanisms of the certain functions that come from form of living organisms. To translate natural organisms, according to natural structures into architecture, their needs, and apply them in we need to have a deep architecture. understanding of the structure and 6- Process: Inspiration for how to transfer the load in them. processes in nature that leads to the formation of phenomena is much more attractive than functional and modeling. (Golabchi 2014). Fig3: structures inspired form bio morphs 3. Materials: Characteristics of living organisms can be transported to artificial human handmade Fig3: Bionic architecture materials. Dimensions USA, Michigan Generalization of Scientific Results 195 American Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.us ¹ 5-6, May-June 2019 [email protected] 2-2. Solar cells recycled materials, valuable parts of Energy demand in the modern second-hand materials are used, society and the desire for renewable however, the resulting product is and environmentally friendly energy usually of lower quality than the are constantly increasing with original material. Nowadays, the use minimal dependence on fossil fuels. of recycled materials has been very Many scientists believe that the sun much considered with regard to the
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