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Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies Vol. 18, N°2 | 2014 Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 Varia Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/chs/1481 DOI: 10.4000/chs.1481 ISSN: 1663-4837 Publisher Librairie Droz Printed version Date of publication: 1 October 2014 ISBN: 978-2-600-01854-8 ISSN: 1422-0857 Electronic reference Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 [Online], Online since 01 October 2017, connection on 24 September 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chs/1481 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.1481 This text was automatically generated on 24 September 2020. © Droz 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Articles Policing the empire / Policing the metropole : Some thoughts on models and types Clive Emsley Homicide and Organised Murder in a Global Perspective Bare Sticks and Naked Pity : Rhetoric and Representation in Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Capital Case Records Thomas Buoye Figures of Deterrence in Late Imperial China. Frequency, Spatial Repartition, and Types of Crimes Targeted by Dismemberment under the Qing Dynasty Jérôme Bourgon and Julie Erismann Violence in Ming-Qing China : An Overview William T. Rowe Toward a Global History of Homicide and Organized Murder Pieter Spierenburg Forum Review essay Confronting terrorism: British Experiences past and present Georgina Sinclair Reviews Clère (Jean-Jacques), Farcy (Jean-Claude) (dir.), Le juge d’instruction : approches historiques Dijon, Éditions universitaires de Dijon, 2010, 320 pp., ISBN 9 782915 611687 Vincent Fontana Dominique Kalifa, Pierre Karila-Cohen (dir.), Le commissaire de police au XIXe siècle Antoine Renglet Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 2 Simon Fieschi, Les gendarmes en Corse 1927-1934. De la création d’une compagnie autonome aux derniers “bandits d’honneur” Tulle, Service historique de la Défense, 2012, 267 pp., ISBN 9 7821112 90495 Clive Emsley Patricia Fumerton, Anita Guerrini (Eds) (with the assistance of Kris McAbee), Ballads and Broadsides in Britain, 1500–1800 Farnham, Surrey, and Burlington, VT, Ashgate Publishing, 2010, xvi + 357 pp., ISBN 9 780754 662488 James Sharpe Ho (Lawrence K.K.), Chu (Yiu Kong), Policing Hong Kong 1842-1969 : Insiders’ Stories Hong Kong, City University of Hong Kong Press, 2012, 299 pp., ISBN 9 789623 72064 Clive Emsley David Niget, La naissance du tribunal pour enfants : une comparaison France-Québec (1912-1945) Rennes, PUR, 2009, 417 pp., ISBN 9 782753 508521 Briony Neilson Michel Porret, L’Ombre du Diable : Michée Chauderon, dernière sorcière exécutée à Genève / Ulrike Krampl, Les secrets des faux sorciers : police, magie et escroquerie à Paris au XVIIIe siècle James Sharpe Laura Stokes, Demons of Urban Reform : early European Witch Trials and Criminal Justice, 1430-1530 / Orna Alyagon Darr, Marks of an Absolute Witch : evidentiary Dilemmas in early modern England James Sharpe Jacques-Olivier Boudon (dir.), Police et gendarmerie dans l’Empire napoléonien Paris, Éditions SPM, 2013, 240 pp., ISBN 9 782901 952992 Antoine Renglet Frédéric Chauvaud, La chair des prétoires ? Histoire sensible de la cour d’assises 1881-1932 Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2010, 384 pp., ISBN 9 782753 510975 Jérôme de Brouwer Frédéric Chauvaud (dir.), Le droit de punir. Du siècle des Lumières à nos jours Rennes, PUR, « Histoire », 2012, 200 pp., ISBN 9 782753 517967 Ludovic Maugué Benoît Garnot, Bruno Lemesle, Autour de la sentence judiciaire du Moyen Âge à l’époque contemporaine Dijon, EUD, 2012, 376 pp., ISBN 9 782364 410282 Elisabeth Salvi Klewin Silke, Reinke Herbert, Sälter, Gerhard (eds), Hinter Gittern : zur Geschichte der Inhaftierung zwischen Bestrafung, Besserung und politischem Auschluss vom 18. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart / Ammerer Gerhard, Brunhart Arthur, Scheutz Martin, Weiß Alfred Stefan (eds), Orte der Verwahrung : die innere Organisation von Gefängnissen, Hospitälern und Klöstern seit dem Spätmittelalter / Leukell Sandra, Strafanstalt und Geschlecht : zur Geschichte des Frauenstrafvollzugs im 19. Jahrhundert (Baden und Preussen) / Bretschneider Falk, Scheutz Martin, Weiß Alfred Stefan (eds), Personal und Insassen von « Totalen Institutionen » – zwischen Konfrontation und Verflechtung Benoit Majerus Knepper Paul, The Invention of International Crime. A Global issue in the Making, 1881-1914 / Knepper Paul, International Crime in the Twentieth Century : The League of Nations Era, 1919-1939 Jean-Michel Chaumont Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 3 Martin Thomas, Violence and Colonial Order : Police, Workers and Protest in the European Colonial Empires, 1918-1940 Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2012, 527 pp., 12 cartes, 8 graphiques, ISBN 9 780521 768412 Romain Tiquet Pieter Spierenburg, Violence and Punishment. Civilizing the Body through Time Cambridge, Polity Press, 2013, 223 p., ISBN 9 780745 653495 John Carter Wood Nicola Goc, Women, Infanticide & the Press, 1822-1922. News Narratives in England and Australia Aldershot, Ashgate, 2013, 212 pp., ISBN 9 781409 406051 Martin J.Wiener Books received Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 4 Articles Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 5 Policing the empire / Policing the metropole : Some thoughts on models and types Clive Emsley AUTHOR'S NOTE The author would like to thank David Anderson, David Barrie, Mark Finnane and Georgina Sinclair for their comments and advice on earlier drafts of this article, as well as the three anonymous referees for this journal. He alone is responsible for any errors and inconsistencies. 1 Over the last 40 years or so there has been an enormous growth in the history of policing. This began as an off-shoot of the study of the history of crime and popular disorder, partly as a way of exploring the way in which plebeian classes appeared to be subject to new forms of discipline, but partly also as a way of getting to grips with a working-class man (and before the early twentieth-century police officers were all male) in a particular form of work setting. Moreover, while the police officer could be criticised for being an instrument for imposing discipline on a new working class, it was also the case that police officers came from that working class and, in capital cities especially, could constitute one of the largest single labour groups and one that developed a distinct organisational culture. The history of police in the European colonies during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has been rather slower to develop, but important work is now beginning to appear. In this journal, for example, a recent cluster of essays addressed the topic beginning with an important conceptual study pointing out the hybrid nature of much colonial policing. This article stressed the professionalization of police practice as central to the colonisers’ understanding of civilisation through public order maintenance. In the process the authors insist, rightly : ‘Les notions de “transfert” ou de “diffusion de modèles” policiers glissant des métropoles vers les colonies doivent en effet être abandonnées’.2 Yet, in the British Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 18, n°2 | 2014 6 case, particular models and styles of policing were often central to what colonial administrators declared that they needed, even if, when it came to making deployments on the ground, the police that they created and deployed often looked different from the model that they claimed to need. 2 Two final points by way of introduction. This article takes the contrast between English and Irish models as its starting point and its main focus is the British imperial experience. Two distinct models were, and in some quarters remain, central to the way in which the British imagined police. It is to be hoped, however, that the types described will have some relevance for imperial policing elsewhere, hence there are references to other colonial examples. Secondly, it seems sensible to include the United States among the colonial powers since much of the development of police institutions in the USA is reminiscent of that in Canada, of that in other white dominions of the British Empire, and also of that among many of the USA’s southern, Hispanic neighbours. British models and a typology 3 There is a commonly held view that there were two distinct models of British policing – the civilian model, originating in the Metropolitan Police of London and the imperial model inspired by the Royal Irish Constabulary and developed across the British Empire from the mid-nineteenth century. These models continue to be used, indeed it can be said that they are currently ‘marketed’ in the contemporary world as providing a choice of the best ways to reform and reorganise police institutions in failed states or states emerging from international or civil wars.3 Yet there was never any serious theorising about these contrasting models during the nineteenth century, rather colonial administrators appear to have made assumptions that something on London Metropolitan lines might pass muster for some towns, but for vast expanses of sparsely populated countryside, they needed some sort of para-military policing and hence they looked to Ireland. In the early 1850s, for example, administrators in the Australian colony of Victoria asked London for 50 men from the Irish Constabulary ; but, in the event, they were happy to receive 50 men from London’s Metropolitan Police.4 Yet on the ground nineteenth-century
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