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Project MER Hervergunning Waterwinning Pidpa Kapellen RAPPORT Project MER Hervergunning waterwinning Pidpa Kapellen Project MER PR3067 Niet Technische Samenvatting Klant: Pidpa Referentie: I&BFP1802R002F Versie: 1.1/Finale versie Datum: 2 mei 2018 O p e n HASKONINGDHV BELGIUM N.V. Schaliënhoevedreef 20D B-2800 Mechelen Belgium Industry & Buildings Trade register number: 448109415 +32 15 405656 T +32 15 211134 F [email protected] E royalhaskoningdhv.com W Titel document: Project MER Hervergunning waterwinning Pidpa Kapellen Ondertitel: Project MER hervergunning Pidpa Kapellen Referentie: I&BFP1802R002F Versie: 1.1/Finale versie Datum: 2 mei 2018 Projectnaam: Projectnummer: FP1802 Auteur(s): Filip Lauryssen Opgesteld door: Filip Lauryssen Gecontroleerd door: Guy Geudens Datum/Initialen: 02 05 2018 Goedgekeurd door: Datum/Initialen: Classificatie Open Disclaimer No part of these specifications/printed matter may be reproduced and/or published by print, photocopy, microfilm or by any other means, without the prior written permission of HaskoningDHV Belgium N.V.; nor may they be used, without such permission, for any purposes other than that for which they were produced. HaskoningDHV Belgium N.V. accepts no responsibility or liability for these specifications/printed matter to any party other than the persons by whom it was commissioned and as concluded under that Appointment. The integrated QHSE management system of HaskoningDHV Belgium N.V. has been certified in accordance with ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001:2007. 2 mei 2018 PROJECT MER HERVERGUNNING PIDPA KAPELLEN I&BFP1802R002F i Project-MER Hervergunning Grondwaterwinning Kapellen Handtekening externe deskundigen Project-MER Hervergunning Grondwaterwinning Kapellen Handtekening interne deskundigen O p e n Inhoud 1 Inleiding 1 2 Situering, korte schets en doelstelling van het project 1 2.1 Toetsing aan de milieubeoordelingsplicht 1 3 Referentiesituatie en alternatieven onderzoek 2 3.1 Huidige situatie grondwaterwinning 2 3.2 Referentiesituatie en alternatieven 3 4 Beschrijving van de referentiesituatie 3 4.1 Discipline Bodem: Geologie, bodem, bodemgebruik en bodemhygiëne 3 4.2 Discipline Water: grondwater en oppervlaktewater 3 4.3 Discipline Fauna en Flora: referentiesituatie ‘2006-2010’ 4 4.4 Discipline Mens: grondwaterwinningen en landbouwgebruik 5 5 Effectbepaling 6 5.1 Discipline Bodem: drainageklassen en bodemkwaliteit 6 5.2 Discipline Grondwater: kwantiteit en kwaliteit 6 5.3 Discipline Oppervlaktewater: kwantiteit drainage en waterkwaliteit 6 5.4 Discipline Fauna en Flora 7 5.5 Discipline Mens: grondwaterwinningen en landbouwgebruik 8 6 Integratie en eindsynthese 9 6.1 Grondwaterstandswijziging ten opzichte van referentiesituatie ‘2006-2010’ 9 6.2 Grondwaterstandswijziging ten opzichte van referentiesituatie ‘nuldebiet’ 9 6.3 Eindbeoordeling 9 Figuren Figuur 2.1: Projectgebied Figuur 2.2: Toponiemenkaart Figuur 9.1: Bodemkaart Figuur 12.1: Beschermde gebieden natuur (VEN, Natura 2000) 2 mei 2018 PROJECT MER HERVERGUNNING PIDPA KAPELLEN I&BFP1802R002F ii O p e n 1 Inleiding Dit is de niet-technische samenvatting van het eigenlijke milieueffectrapport, aanmeldingsnota PR3067. Het geeft aan publiek en belanghebbenden bondig de relevante informatie uit het milieueffectrapport. Zo tracht het de publieke participatie te bevorderen in het hervergunningsproces van het project waterwinning Pidpa Kapellen. Voor de uitgebreide technische informatie moet u het eigenlijke milieueffectrapport raadplegen. 2 Situering, korte schets en doelstelling van het project Het project is de hervergunning van de grondwaterwinning en het waterproductiecentrum van de drinkwatermaatschappij Pidpa in de gemeente Kapellen (figuur 2.1). Het projectgebied 1 ligt tegen de Nederlandse grens in bosrijk gebied op zandige bodem in de Antwerpse Kempen. In figuur 2.2 worden de toponiemen op kaart weergegeven. Pidpa heeft voor zijn grondwaterwinning te Kapellen momenteel een vergunning voor 20 watervangputten met een maximaal opgepompte hoeveelheid (debiet) van 5.475.000 m³ per jaar en een maximum van 15.000 m³ per dag. De vergunning is geldig tot 01/01/2019. Het bijhorende waterproductiecentrum (WPC) is eveneens vergund tot 1/01/2019. In dit centrum gebeuren een aantal waterzuiveringstappen om het onttrokken grondwater uit de winningsputten van Kapellen tot drinkwater te maken: beluchting, decantatie via een lamellenseparator, zandfiltratie en chlorering. Het gezuiverde water wordt opgeslagen in reinwaterkelders. Vooraleer het water geïnjecteerd wordt in het drinkwaternet wordt een UV desinfectie toegepast. In 2018 zal deze UV desinfectie de chlorering helemaal vervangen. Het spoelwater en spuiwater dat vrijkomt bij deze zuiveringen, wordt naar bezinkingsbekkens gestuurd. Als de opgeloste deeltjes bezonken zijn, loopt het bovenstaande heldere water af en kan dan infiltreren in een infiltratiebekken. Als niet al dit water kan infiltreren, dan kan het worden verpompt naar de nabijgelegen beek. De drinkwaterwinning van Pidpa in Kapellen valt onder de openbare dienstverplichting van het drinkwaterdecreet. Deze openbare dienstverplichting handelt over de verplichting voor de drinkwaterbedrijven om leveringsplannen en lange-termijn-voorzieningsplannen op te maken en om nood(drink)watervoorzieningen te organiseren. Ze heeft betrekking op o.a. het risicobeheer, het crisisbeheer en de leveringszekerheid van drinkwater. Deze project-MER heeft als doel de hervergunning van de grondwaterwinning en het WPC te kunnen aanvragen. 2.1 Toetsing aan de milieubeoordelingsplicht Dit project-MER behandelt de hervergunning van de bestaande grondwaterwinning en het waterproductiecentrum te Kapellen voor een jaardebiet van 2.964.600 m³ per jaar waarbij gepompt wordt uit 20 putten met een maximum van 8.100 m³ per dag. In de directe omgeving liggen deelgebieden van 1 In het MER wordt volgende terminologie gehanteerd: Projectgebied: zone waar de bestaande winningsputten gelegen zijn Studiegebied: zone waar effecten kunnen optreden, dit wordt per discipline beschreven Modelgebied: zone die in het grondwatermodel opgenomen is (zie discipline Water) 2 mei 2018 PROJECT MER HERVERGUNNING PIDPA KAPELLEN I&BFP1802R002F 1 O p e n speciale beschermingszones (Natura 2000), gebieden van het Vlaamse ecologisch netwerk (VEN) en natuurreservaten (figuur 12.1). Het milieueffectrapport is vereist in toepassing van artikel 4.3.2, sub 1 van het BVR van 10 december 2004 houdende vaststelling van de categorieën van projecten onderworpen aan milieueffectrapportage. Het project behoort tot de bijlage II-projecten, categorie 10, sub o: Onttrekken van grondwater, met inbegrip van terugpompingen van onbehandeld en niet-verontreinigd grondwater in dezelfde watervoerende laag, als het netto onttrokken debiet 2.500 m³ per dag of meer bedraagt. Kunstmatige aanvullingen van grondwater als het debiet 2.500 m³ per dag of meer bedraagt. Onttrekken van grondwater als het debiet 1.000 m3 per dag of meer bedraagt en de activiteit gelegen is in of een aanzienlijke invloed kan hebben op een gebied zoals aangeduid in uitvoering van het decreet houdende maatregelen ter bescherming van de kustduinen van 14 juli 1993 of als de activiteit een betekenisvolle aantasting van de natuurlijke kenmerken van een speciale beschermingszone kan veroorzaken. Tevens behandelt deze MER de waterzuivering te Kapellen, hoewel deze laatste activiteit niet MER- plichtig is. 3 Referentiesituatie en alternatieven onderzoek 3.1 Huidige situatie grondwaterwinning De grondwaterwinning in Kapellen is vergund sinds 1961. Destijds is de winning gestart met 6 winningsputten en een debiet van 2000 m3 per dag. Momenteel zijn 20 winningsputten vergund met een maximaal debiet van 15.000 m3 per dag en een maximaal debiet van 5.475.000 m3 per jaar. De evolutie van het jaarlijkse debiet opgepompt door de winning Kapellen is voor de periode 1974-2015 weergegeven in illustratie 3-1. Illustratie 3-1: Evolutie van het jaardebiet van de winning te Kapellen 1974-2015 2 mei 2018 PROJECT MER HERVERGUNNING PIDPA KAPELLEN I&BFP1802R002F 2 O p e n 3.2 Referentiesituatie en alternatieven Het project is een hervergunning. Daarom worden getoetst ten opzichte van twee referentiesituaties: - de huidige toestand: daarvoor werd de situatie in de periode 2006 tot 2010 met een gemiddeld debiet van 7.530 m3 per dag genomen - de eerder hypothetische situatie die zou ontstaan als de pompen niet meer werken, het zogenoemde nuldebiet (0 m³ per dag). De doelstelling van het project betreft het hervergunnen van de winning voor een jaardebiet van 2.964.600 m³ per jaar waarbij gepompt wordt uit 20 putten met een maximum van 8.100 m³ per dag. In het MER worden 2 scenario's onderzocht. Een eerste scenario betreft het winnen van gemiddeld 6.200 m³ per dag (of 2.269.200 m³ per jaar). Het tweede scenario betreft het winnen van gemiddeld 8.100 m³ per dag (of 2.964.600 m³ per jaar). 4 Beschrijving van de referentiesituatie Met betrekking tot de discipline Landschap, bouwkundig erfgoed en archeologie worden er geen effecten verwacht. Daarom wordt deze discipline niet behandeld in het mer. 4.1 Discipline Bodem: Geologie, bodem, bodemgebruik en bodemhygiëne De filterstelling van de winningen bevinden zich tot 85 m diepte in de Centrale zanden van de Kempen. Dit is een dik pakket van min of watervoerende zandige afzettingen bovenop de vrijwel ondoorlatende Boomse kleilaag die op haar beurt 100 à 120 m dik is. Figuur 9.1 is de bodemkaart van het studiegebied. Die geeft de aard en opbouw van de bovenste laag van 125 cm weer. In het studiegebied komt voornamelijk zandige bodem
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