Los Peloteros Mambises Y Los Inmortales Del Béisbol Se Abrazan De Nuevo En La Catedral De La Pelota Cubana

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Los Peloteros Mambises Y Los Inmortales Del Béisbol Se Abrazan De Nuevo En La Catedral De La Pelota Cubana Image not found or type unknown www.juventudrebelde.cu Image not found or type unknown Autoridades deportivas y figuras de diversos ámbitos, vinculadas al béisbol, develaron las tarjas en uno de los salones del estadio Latinoamericano. Autor: Roberto Morejón Rodríguez/JIT Publicado: 28/12/2020 | 04:19 pm Los peloteros mambises y los inmortales del béisbol se abrazan de nuevo en la catedral de la pelota cubana Los días finales del mes de diciembre revisten un gran simbolismo en la historia del juego de pelota en Cuba Publicado: Lunes 28 diciembre 2020 | 07:44:20 pm. Publicado por: Félix Julio Alfonso López Los días finales del mes de diciembre revisten un gran simbolismo en la historia del juego de pelota en Cuba. Como es conocido, el 27 de diciembre de 1874 se celebró en los terrenos del Palmar de Junco, en la ciudad de Matanzas, un desafío entre un equipo local y el Club Habana, este último fundado en 1868. Tales fechas, aparentemente fortuitas, no pueden dejar indiferente a un historiador, dada la coincidencia de la creación del club Habana en el mismo año del alzamiento de Carlos Manuel de Céspedes en Demajagua; y la celebración de aquel partido exactamente diez meses después de la caída en combate del Hombre del Diez de Octubre en San Lorenzo, el 27 de febrero de 1874. Como he escrito en otra parte: «Mientras la mitad oriental de la Isla libraba combates épicos por la libertad y la emancipación de los esclavos, en el oeste una joven generación de peloteros preparaba, en el ámbito espiritual, una conmoción cultural sin precedentes». Todo ello debemos verlo como el inicio de un profundo vínculo entre beisbol y nación en nuestro país, proceso en el que se constituyó una comunidad imaginada de afectos, pasiones y sentidos de pertenencia que llega hasta nuestros días. Sobre el citado juego entre Habana y Matanzas, impropiamente considerado por algunos como el «primer juego oficial», poco es lo que puedo agregar a lo ya expresado en otras ocasiones: fue un partido concertado entre dos equipos sin mayor trascendencia desde el punto de vista organizativo, totalmente desbalanceado (marcador de 51 a 9, a favor del club Habana), con un árbitro displicente, el terreno en malas condiciones, el pitcher de Matanzas que no sabía hacer los lanzamientos de la manera reglamentaria, una afición entusiasta que resistió con lealtad las casi seis horas que duró el juego, una crónica atractiva y una primitiva hoja de anotaciones, que nos permite conocer la actuación individual de cada jugador por el número de carreras que produjo. Un dato de interés estadístico revela que la batería del club Habana conectó cuatro jonrones, tres a cargo del receptor Esteban Bellán y uno a la cuenta del pitcher Ricardo Mora. Son estos los primeros cuadrangulares conocidos en la historia de nuestra pelota. El singular partido fue suspendido por oscuridad en el séptimo inning, poniendo fin al infortunio de los matanceros, cuando el reloj marcaba las 5 y 35 minutos de la tarde. Su posteridad la debe sobre todo a su carácter de juego paradigmático, en un momento inicial en la historia del deporte, como lo demuestra su cita en el periódico El Sport muchos años más tarde, en 1887, en el cual se le describe como ejemplo de «cuando el base ball estaba aún en su infancia entre nosotros», llamando la atención a los lectores «del número de carreras que se hacía entonces y, sobre todo, en la manera de llevar el score». Otra razón por la cual este desafío es muy conocido se debe a su inclusión en la primera historia del béisbol cubano, publicada por el joven pelotero Wenceslao Gálvez y Delmonte en 1889, quien nunca menciona que tuviera carácter «oficial», lo considera «el primer desafío de pelota celebrado en el «Palmar de Junco» en Matanzas entre el club del nombre de aquella ciudad y el Habana» y apunta que lo incluyó dentro de su libro «como documento histórico y curioso». En realidad, el primer partido oficial del beisbol cubano se celebró cuatro años más tarde, el 29 de diciembre de 1878, pocos meses después de finalizada la Guerra de los Diez Años, en un ambiente marcado por la nueva legislación metropolitana que promulgó una Ley de Reuniones y Asociaciones, en virtud de lo cual surgió un poderoso entramado civil de asociaciones de todo tipo, incluyendo a los novedosos clubes para jugar béisbol. Estos conjuntos construyeron sus propias plataformas identificativas, que incluían además de las prácticas atléticas, bailes, cenas y actividades sociales diversas y los de mayor poder económico se unificaron en torno a la Liga General de Base Ball de la isla de Cuba. Al primer Campeonato de la Liga General de Base Ball concurrieron tres equipos: Habana, Almendares y Matanzas. En el desafío inaugural del 29 de diciembre participaron los dos conjuntos principales de la capital: los rojos del Habana y los azules de Almendares. El juego, escenificado en los terrenos almendaristas de la «poética barriada de Tulipán», al decir de un cronista de la época, terminó con cerrada victoria para el club Habana de 21 carreras a 20. Se iniciaba así no solo la historia del béisbol organizado en la Isla, sino también una exacerbada rivalidad entre rojos y azules que duraría hasta el fin de la pelota profesional en Cuba. En el club escarlata militaban una cohorte de pioneros de la pelota cubana, varios de los cuales ya habían participado en el referido juego del 27 de diciembre de 1874 en el Palmar de Junco, entre ellos Ricardo Mora, Emilio Sabourín, Roberto Lawton, Beltrán Senaréns y el considerado por muchos como el más experimentado jugador criollo del siglo XIX, el receptor Esteban Bellán. Por los azules hicieron su debut los hermanos Carlos y Teodoro de Zaldo, los españoles Antonio Alzola y Leonardo Ovies, Fernando Zayas, Alejandro Reed, Eduardo Delgado, Alfredo Lacazette y Zacarías Barrios. Como dato curioso, los hermanos Guilló, quienes trajeron los primeros implementos de béisbol que se conocieron en Cuba, actuaron en ese desafío, Nemesio como jugador y Ernesto como anotador del partido, aunque este último también se desempeñaba como tesorero de la Liga. He realizado este breve recuento, porque precisamente ese día: 29 de diciembre, fue seleccionado, en 1940, a iniciativa del periodista deportivo Hilario Fránquiz, para conmemorar el Día del Béisbol Cubano, hecho del que se cumplen ahora ochenta años, y me pregunto si no es hora ya de rescatar esa fecha y otorgarle nuevamente el honroso simbolismo que representa. A partir de ese propio año, 1940, fue también el momento en que se realizaban las elecciones de los miembros de la Galería de la Fama de la pelota insular, una novedosa entidad instaurada poco tiempo antes, por resolución de la Dirección General Nacional de Deportes, de fecha 26 de julio de 1939. Como su nombre lo indicaba, la Galería era una especie de templo laico, donde quedarían inmortalizados los peloteros de mayor relieve en el devenir del béisbol criollo. La fecha de inicio de la tarja coincide con la expresada al principio de estas páginas: 1878, porque fue esa la génesis de una práctica organizada y sistemática del juego de pelota, que llega hasta el presente. Mi lectura de estos hechos, los enmarca dentro del proceso de transformaciones en la sociedad cubana que siguió a la Revolución de los años 30, y donde, desde la abrogación de la Enmienda Platt hasta la Constitución de 1940, se rediseñó la arquitectura del estado republicano y se reacomodaron las relaciones con los Estados Unidos, se produjo un cambio de los actores en el mundo de la política, incluyendo la presencia de influyentes sectores de izquierda y del trabajo organizado, y los discursos públicos eran proclives a lo que un importante historiador llamó la «nacionalización de la Nación». En mi sentir, el surgimiento de la Galería de la Fama forma parte también de esos discursos metafóricos que estimulaban el sentimiento patriótico y nacionalista. No resulta casual que, entre los primeros diez peloteros elegidos, estuvieran figuras de raza negra y muy humildes como José de la Caridad Méndez, Gervasio González y Cristóbal Torriente, al lado de los dos precursores que lograron incluirse dentro de equipos de Grandes Ligas: Rafael Almeida y Armando Marsans, acompañados por otros que representaban los orígenes de la pelota cubana en el siglo XIX. Durante la primera mitad de la década de 1940, la Galería estuvo ubicada en el estadio Cerveza Tropical y se identificaba con una placa de bronce, donde aparecían los nombres de los peloteros seleccionados. Al pasar la sede principal del béisbol profesional al recién inaugurado Gran Estadio del Cerro, en 1946, el nombre de esta institución cambió a Hall de la Fama del Béisbol Profesional, y la antigua tarja de bronce fue sustituida por una de mármol, empotrada sobre un obelisco, en la que aparecen estampados 68 nombres, desde 1939 en que se realizó la primera exaltación, hasta 1961, en que fueron inscritos los dos últimos miembros: el destacado ex jugador y manager Oscar Rodríguez y el pelotero mestizo Tomás de la Cruz, quien debutó en Grandes Ligas en 1944. Debemos decir que la ceremonia de ingreso al Hall de la Fama, constituía un acontecimiento relevante para toda la familia del béisbol en la Isla, tenía gran cobertura de la prensa y la televisión, y era muy esperado el momento en que, cubierta la losa con una bandera cubana, esta era retirada y se mostraban los nuevos integrantes del salón. Después de 1961, y por motivos que podemos conjeturar, dado que aquel ritual formaba parte de las prácticas institucionalizadas de la abolida pelota profesional, se abandonó la costumbre de seguir enalteciendo la memoria de los mejores peloteros de la Isla.
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