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Four New Species of the Subfamily Phaoniinae (Diptera: Muscidae) from Bulgaria

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Four New Species of the Subfamily Phaoniinae (Diptera: Muscidae) from Bulgaria Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(6): 901-908 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Four new species of the subfamily Phaoniinae JEZS 2017; 5(6): 901-908 © 2017 JEZS (Diptera: Muscidae) from Bulgaria Received: 01-09-2017 Accepted: 02-10-2017 Eberhard Zielke Eberhard Zielke Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Abstract Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Four new species of the subfamily Phaoniinae, Helina dabovetsa spec. nov., Helina rilae spec. nov., Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000 Sofia, Helina siutkae spec. nov and Phaonia sandanskii spec. nov., are described. All specimens originate from Bulgaria Bulgaria and were collected between 1963 and 1969. All four species are distinguished from similar species of the corresponding genus by a unique combination of characteristic morphological markings. Keywords: Bulgaria, Muscidae, Helina, Phaonia, new species, comparison, similar species Introduction Investigation of non-identified material in the Muscidae collection of the Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in Sofia conducted since April 2014, revealed three new species of the genus Helina Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 and one new species of Phaonia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830. The specimens were collected in Bulgaria between 1963 and 1969 by the late Valentin Lavčiev. Two species originate from the large area of the Rhodope Mountains and one each from the Pirin Mountains and Rila Mountains respectively. Each one of the species differs unambiguously from other similar species by a typical combination of several taxonomic characters. The species are described below as Helina dabovetsa spec. nov., Helina rilae spec. nov., Helina siutkae spec. nov. and Phaonia sandanskii spec. nov. respectively. Material and Methods For identification of the flies primarily the keys to the Muscidae of the Palaearctic Region by [1] Hennig and additionally the keys to the Muscidae of Central Europe published by Gregor at [2, 3] al. were used. External morphological features of the specimens were examined using a ZEISS Stemi 2000-C stereomicroscope. For the investigation of male terminalia the end of the abdomen was removed and placed in 10% KOH solution for about three hours at room temperature. It was washed, transferred to glycerine and dissected. After examination the terminalia were stored in a microvial containing glycerine. The microvial was pinned directly underneath the associated specimen. For illustrations an AxioCam ERc5s camera and for further processing Helicon Focus 6 and Adobe Photoshop CS2 were applied. Standard terminologies are used for the description. Body length was measured in millimeters (mm). The type material of the described species is located in the entomological collection of the Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Sofia. Results Helina dabovetsa spec. nov. (Fig. 1 + 2) Material examined: Male holotype, the specimen is lacking the left mid leg and some major setae, however determination and description of the species was not impaired. Three male paratypes, each one with one or two absent legs and some lacking setae. The locality labels of all types read: "Rodopi Mts., Dabovez, 18.6.1969, leg. W. Lavtschiev". Two other males from Correspondence the same locality with their heads separately mounted on the staging pin. One of the two Eberhard Zielke Institute of Biodiversity and specimens was marked with a small piece of paper which contained the handwritten note "H. Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian punctata" without naming identifier and date of identification. Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000 Sofia, Description: Head. Ground-colour dark, densely dusted. Eyes virtually bare, only with very Bulgaria few scattered tiny hairs. ~ 901 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies Shortest distance between eyes slightly broader than twice the and a pair of paramedian longitudinal stripes, darker than the diameter of anterior ocellus. Fronto-orbital plate at level of surrounding dark area and depending on point of view anterior ocellus about as wide as diameter of anterior ocellus, reaching up to the third dorsocentral setae. Lateral surface at anterior margin about half width of postpedicel. Fronto- between supra-alar setae and basis of wing with a large dark orbital plates touching above midway of frons; upper part of brown patch. The narrow area between the lateral brown frontal vitta below anterior ocellus narrowly, and lower half patch and the transversal band and the dorsal surface of broadly triangular shaped. Parafacial midway slightly broader posterior part of scutum uniformly grey dusted, thus -when than half the width of postpedicel. In profile upper mouth viewing from behind- the scutum is divided in three margin about in line with profrons. Genal depth below lowest differently coloured areas: a whitish-grey presutural part, a eye-margin barely half the width of postpedicel. When brown or dark middle part and a dull grey posterior part. viewed from the anterior, frontal vitta dark with little grey Scutellum laterally with a large brown or dark patch on each dust, fronto-orbital plate predominantly shining silvery white, side, both patches usually connected by a brownish basal face whitish-grey with shining silvery-white parafacial, gena transverse band not as broad as length of patches, remaining and post-occipital surface greyish-white. Basal antennal posterior surface of scutellum dull grey except the yellowish- segments and basal part of postpedicel up to insertion of arista grey apex and lateral sides. Pleura predominantly dark and yellow, distal part of postpedicel dark brown. Postpedicel uniformly greyish dusted. Anterior and posterior spiracle about 2.5 times as long as broad and barely twice as long as yellowish. Scutum with setulose ground-hair about as long as pedicel. Arista slightly longer than twice the length of width of postpedicel, pleura partly with longer hairs. postpedicel; longest aristal hairs about as long as width of Dorsocentrals 2+3, anterior presutural dorsocentral barely half postpedicel. Lower half of fronto-orbital plate with about as long as the posterior one; acrostichals 0 + 1; anterior eight inclinate frontal setae, the posterior ones somewhat notopleural setae stronger than posterior one, notopleuron shorter, at most one or two interstitial hairs between the with some setulose hairs close to posterior notopleural seta; frontal setae. Parafacial bare. Vibrissal setae long and strong, prealar seta barely distinguishable from surrounding hairs; 2 longest surrounding peristomal setae barely half as long as intra-alar setae. Prosternum, proepimeral area, anepimeron, vibrissals. Lower margin of gena and post-occipital surface katepimeron and meron bare. Katepisternals 2+2; covered with short dark setulose hairs. Proboscis short, labella anepisternum with about 3 long setae at upper half of not very broad, mentum brown, somewhat shining with little posterior margin and 1 strong seta near to lower posterior grey dust. Palpus brown with the extreme basis yellowish, margin, between upper and lower setae shorter interstitial slender and about as long as mentum. hairs. Scutellum with a strong apical and a strong lateral seta, basal seta distinctly shorter, subapical seta weak, lateral and ventral surfaces bare. Wing. Membrane hyaline with a yellowish-brownish tinge; cross-veins very weakly infuscated. Tegula and basicosta yellow, veins brownish; costal spine not conspicuous. Radial node and vein R4+5 dorsally and ventrally bare. Vein M1 straight, slightly diverging from vein R4+5. Cross-vein r-m slightly basal from the point where vein R1 enters costa; distal cross-vein dm-cu slightly oblique and sinuous. Calypters predominantly whitish transparent with yellowish tinge and margin, lower calypter about 1.5 times as long as upper calypter. Haltere entirely yellow. Legs including coxae and trochanters yellow, except femora which might be more or less brownish darkened, tarsomeres contrasting black. Pulvilli and claws of fore legs at least twice as long as those of mid and hind legs and longer than the tarsomere they are inserted on. Fore femur with complete rows of strong posterodorsal and posteroventral setae, about as long as depth of femur. Fore tibia without median posterior Fig 1: Helina dabovetsa spec. nov.: male holotype, lateral view (bar seta. Mid femur at basal half with a row of anterior setae = 1 mm). about half as long as depth of femur and with three or four distinct ventral setae slightly longer than the anterior setae, Thorax. Ground-colour predominantly dark, depending on preapically one weak anterodorsal seta and two to three strong point of view more or less densely dusted. When viewed from posteriors or posterodorsals. Mid tibia with two or three behind, presutural part of scutum densely greyish-white posterior setae about as long as diameter of tibia. Hind coxa dusted with an irregularly shaped dark patch behind the bare on posterior surface. Hind femur with a complete row of posthumeral seta at level of presutural dorsocentral seta and a strong anterodorsals and a complete row of anteroventrals, the pair of paramedian dark longitudinal vittae inside the rows of distal setae long and the basal ones very short but distinct; dorsocentral setae not reaching transverse suture. Postpronotal preapically two or three stronger posterodorsal setae. Hind calli with strong yellowish tinge and greyish dust. tibia with one or two anterodorsal setae about as long as Postsuturally, anterior part of scutum with
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