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January 201 1 Pakistan Security Report 2010 JANUARY Pakistan Security Report 20 10 201 1 By Pak Institute For Peace Studies (PIPS) 0 | P a g e January 201 1 Pakistan Security Report 2010 Contents c. Recruitment of Additional Troops in FC and Levy Force 1. Introduction 10.2 Balochistan 2. Overview 10.2.1 IDPs of Balochistan 2.1 Comparison 10.3 Ethno-Political Violence 3. Security Landscape in 2010 10.4 Counter Terrorism Initiatives 3.1 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA 10.4.1 Terrorist Arrests 3.1.1 Prominent Killings 10.4.2 Search Operations 10.4.3 Initiatives to Enhance Capacity of 3.1.2 Assassinations of Political Leaders Law Enforcement Agencies and Workers 3.1.3 Attacks on Pro-government Peace 11. Challenges and Opportunities Committees 11.1 Critical Areas 3.1.4 Abduction for Ransom 11.1.1 FATA 3.2 Balochistan 11.1.2 KPK 3.2.1Target Killings 11.1.3 Balochistan 3.2.2 Attacks/ Target Killings of 11.1.4 Karachi Political Leaders and Activists 11.1.5 South Punjab 3.2.3 Target Killings of Settlers 11.2 Critical Internal Threats 3.2.4 Enforced Disappearances 3.3 Sindh 11.2.1 Sectarian Violence 3.3.1 Karachi 11.2.2 Militant Networks and Nexus 3.3.2 Ethno-Political Violence 11.2.3 Changing Tactics and Targets by 3.4 Punjab Terrorists 3.5 Azad Kashmir 11.2.4 Growing Radicalization 3.6 Gilgit-Baltistan 11.2.5 Nexus between Terrorists and 3.7 Islamabad Criminals 4. Suicide Attacks 11.2.6. Foreign Militants 5. Sectarian Violence 11.3 Critical Policies/ Initiatives 5.1 Sectarian-related Terrorist Attacks 5.2 Sectarian Clashes 11.3.1 Counter-terrorism Policy 5.3Attacks on Shrines and Worship Places 11.3.2 Judicial Reforms 6. Attacks on NATO Supplies 11.4 Critical Regional Issues 7. Attacks on Educational Institutes 11.4.1 Pak-Afghan 8. Border Tensions 11.4.2 Reconciliation with Taliban 8.1 Pak-Afghan Border 11.4.3 Terrorists’ Support 8.2 Pak-Iran Border 11.4.4. India’s Role in Afghanistan 8.3 Pak-India Border 11.4.5 Transit Trade Agreement 9. Drone Attacks 11.5 Pak-US 11.6 Iran 10. State Responses 11.7 India 10.1 FATA and KPK 12. Recommendations 10.1.1Political Front a. Development Initiatives 12.1 Internal Security b. Internally Displaced Persons 12.2 Critical Areas and Initiatives (IDPs) 12.3 Borders and Regional Security c. Peace Committees & Jirgas Notes and References d. Compensations e. Sacking of government Appendices employees having alleged links 1. Pakistan and South Asia: A Comparison with militants 2. Non-traditional Security Threats f. Promulgation of Counter 2.1 Floods Terrorism Ordinance 2010 in 2.2. Food Security PATA 2.3 Energy 10.1.2 Operational Front 2.4 Water a. Military Operations 2.5 Epidemics b. Trials of Arrested Militants Annexure 1 | P a g e January 201 1 Pakistan Security Report 2010 List of Acronyms FIA : Federal Investigative NIH : National Institute of Agency Health Fr : Firing NP : National Party ADB : Asian Development Bank FR : Frontier Region Oper : Operational Attack AJK : Azad Jammu and Kashmir HDP : Hazara Democratic Party PATA: Provincially ANA : Afghan National Army HG : Hand Grenade Administered Tribal Areas of ANP : Awami National Party Pakistan HRCP : Human Rights Arm : Army Commission of Pakistan P-ml : Paramilitary Forces ASWJ : Ahl-e-Sunnat wal Jamat ICRC : International Committee PML-N: Pakistan Muslim ATC : Anti-Terrorism Courts of Red Cross League Nawaz Group ATF : Anti-Terrorism Force ICU : Islamia College University Pol : Police ATKSU : Anti-Target Killing IDP : Internally Displaced PPP : Pakistan People’s Party Special Unit Persons RA : Rocket Attack BC : Balochistan Constabulary IED : Improvised Explosive RCB : Remote Control Bomb BH : Beheading Device RCD : Regional Coperation for BLA : Balochistan Liberation IPPs: Independent Power Development Army Producers Rng : Rangers BLF : Baloch Liberation Front ISAF : International Security RPP : Rental Power Plants Assistance Force BLUF : Baloch Liberation United SA : Suicide Attack ISI : Inter-Services Intelligence Front Sab : Sabotage ISO : Imamia Student BNP-M: Balochistan National Sect : Sectarian Party-Mengal Group Organization SM: Sipah-e-Muhammad BT : Bomb Blast JI : Jamat-e-Islami SP : Superintendent Police CCTV : Close Circuit TV JUI-F: Jamiat-e-Ulama-e-Islam Cameras Fazal Group SSP : Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan CIA : Central Intelligence KESC : Karachi Electric Supply ST : Sunni Tehrik Agency Corporation TA : Terrorist Attack CID : Criminal Investigation Kid : Kidnapping TAPI : Turkaminstan, Department KPK : Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Afghanistan, Pakistan and India Gas Pipeline Civ : Civilians LeJ : Lashkar-e-Jhangvi TK : Target Killing CM: Chief Minister LI : Lashkar-e-Islam TNSM: Terik-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat- COAS : Chief of Army Staff LM: Landmine Blast e-Muhammadi CSF : Coalition Support Funds LoC : Line of Control TTP : Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan DG : Director General LTTE : Liberation Tigers of Tamil UK : United Kingdom DSP : Deputy Superintendent Ealm UN : United Nations Police Lvs : Levies Force UNHCR : United Nations High EU: European Union Mil : Militant Commissioner for Refugees ETIM: East Turkistan Islamic MQM: Mutahida Qaumi UNICEF : United Nations Party Movement International Children's FAO : Food and Agriculture NATO : North Atlantic Treaty Emergency Fund Organization Organization US : United States FATA : Federally Administered NDMA : National Disaster VC : Vice Chancellor Tribal Areas Management Authority WAPDA : Water and Power FC : Frontier Corps NHD : Pakistan's National Development Authority FCR : Frontier Crimes Regulation Health Department WFP: United Nations World FDMA : Fata Disaster NI : Nationalist Insurgents’ Food Programm Management Authority Attack 0 | P a g e January 201 1 Pakistan Security Report 2010 Glossary Military Operation: Large-scale operations launched by agencies on intelligence to hunt or purge a particular military and paramilitary troops against Islamist militants locality of suspected militants and their hideouts. and separatist insurgents in Malakand Division, FATA and Balochistan to preserve law and order and writ of the state. Sectarian attacks : Indiscriminate use of violence on differences between the various Islamic schools of Operational Attack: Pre-emptive attacks launched by thoughts over interpretation of religion's commands. military and paramilitary troops to purge an area of militants. Incidents involving indiscriminate use of violence Militant Attack: Indiscriminate use of violence by militant perpetrated by banned sectarian outfits such as Lashkar-e- outfits such as Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Lashkar-e- Jhangvi (LeJ), Tehrik-e-Jafria, Imamia Student Islam (LI) and Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LeJ) etc. , manifested Organization (ISO), Sipah-e-Muhammad, etc., against through suicide attacks, beheadings and destruction of rival schools of religious thought. educational institutions, CD/video shops, etc. Sectarian clashes : Violent clashes between armed factions of banned sectarian outfit or between followers of rival Ethno-political violence: The threat or use of violence, often sects such as Sunni-Shia, Deobandi-Barelvi strife. against the civilian population, to achieve political or social Sectarian clashes also include tribal feuds between ends, to intimidate opponents, or to publicize grievances. followers of Sunni and Shia schools of thought such as in Inter-tribal Clash: Clashes or feuds reported between tribes, Kurram Agency, where Sunni Turi tribesmen frequently mainly in FATA, KPK, Balochistan, rural areas of Punjab and clash with Shia Bangash tribe. parts of interior Sindh. Overall number of attacks: The sum of militant and Nationalist Insurgent Attack: Attacks by counter-militant attacks of the security forces besides separatists/nationalist insurgents mainly in Balochistan. drone attacks, incidents of ethno-political violence, and Search and hunt operation: Launched by law enforcement attacks with sectarian or by nationalist insurgents. 1. Introduction has not been achieved in KPK and FATA due to the less than impressive performance of a weak In 2010, Pakistan witnessed an 11 percent political administration, which is beset by decrease in the number of incidents of violence chronic challenges of poor governance and and terrorism compared to the previous year. failure to ensure effective political participation An effective military campaign against militants for the people. 2 in the tribal areas, increased surveillance by law enforcement agencies and killing of key Rule of law is a critical element of good terrorists in US drone strikes in FATA were governance, which is lacking not only in KPK among the main factors behind this decrease. and FATA but across the country. According to But this decrease was not uniform across the World Justice Project (WJP) rule of law index country. Violent incidents increased in the 2010, Pakistan is among the countries where rule provinces of Sindh and Punjab and in Gilgit of law is sorely lacking. 3 The latest Funds for Baltistan in 2010 compared to the previous year, Peace failed states index ranks Pakistan as the indicating growing urban terrorism in Pakistan. 10 th most poorly governed state on account of There was a considerable decrease in the poor governance as well as security indicators. 4 number of violent attacks in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa’s (KPK) settled areas. However, The internal security situation continues to be a although the writ of the state was partially pressing challenge for Pakistan. The security restored in FATA, the security situation scenario indicates that critical security remained volatile as militants dislodged from challenges
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