Bazi Fikirler Zamanin Ötesindedir Some Ideas Are Beyond Time
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Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
Neurosurg Focus 11 (2):Article 5, 2001, Click here to return to Table of Contents Ibn Sina (Avicenna) Historical vignette ASITA S. SARRAFZADEH, M.D., NURI SARAFIAN, PH.D., ALMUT VON GLADISS, PH.D., ANDREAS W. UNTERBERG, M.D., PH.D., AND WOLFGANG R. LANKSCH, M.D., PH.D. Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Campus Virchow Medical Center, Humboldt University and Museum of Islamic Art, Berlin, Germany Ibn Sina (often known by his last name in Latin, Avicenna; 980–1037 A.D.) was the most famous physician and phil- osopher of his time. His Canon of Medicine, one of the most famous books in the history of medicine, surveyed the en- tire medical knowledge available from ancient and Muslim sources and provided his own contributions. In this article the authors present a unique picture of the neurosurgical technique of Ibn Sina and briefly summarize his life and work. KEY WORDS • Avicenna • Ibn Sina • historical article HISTORICAL CASE emerged during the disintegration of the Abbasid authori- The Life of Ibn Sina ty. Later he moved to Rayy and then to Hamadan, where he wrote his famous book Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb. Here he Ibn Sina is widely known by his Latin name of Avi- treated Shams al-Dawlah, the King of Hamadan, for se- cenna, although most references to him today have revert- vere colic. From Hamadan, he moved to Isphahan, where ed to the correct version of Ibn Sina, in full Abu 'Ali al- he completed many of his monumental writings. Avicenna Husayn ibn 'Abd Allah Joyce ibn Sina. He was born in wrote 99 books, almost all in Arabic, the language of reli- 980 in Afsana near Bukhara, now Usbekistan, and died in gious and scientific expression in the Muslim world at that 1037 in Hamadan (now Iran). -
ASTRA Salvensis, Supplement No. 1/2021 405 IBN SINA IS THE
ASTRA Salvensis, Supplement no. 1/2021 IBN SINA IS THE PINNACLE OF FALSAFA (MUSLIM PHILOSOPHY) Madina K. ZHAKAN1, Raushan N. IMANZHUSSIP1, Aigul O. TURSUNBAYEVA1 1Department of Philosophy, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan Abstract: This article highlights the philosophical views of Ibn Sina as the most important representative of falsafa. In particular, the article discusses the main problems of falsafa, according to Ibn Sina. These are the problems of a man, his essence, existence, physical and spiritual development. The concept of “wudjud” (being) is the central question in the philosophical teachings of Ibn Sina. According to the philosopher, falsafa studies the being itself then what comes from it. Also, the article discusses questions of space, time, soul, body, and problems of the theory of knowledge in general. The thinker addresses the issue from the standpoint of reason, experience and mysticism. He proceeds from the existence of individual objects of the external world given in experience and then deduces knowledge of natural laws from them. Knowledge of acquaintance is the initial stage of cognition of nature. Ibn Sina analyzes and comprehensively studies the role and power of the sensorium in the process of perception. Keywords: Wudjud, being, possibly-being, necessary-being, essence, causality. It’s known that three main movements, which are Kalam, Falsaf and Sufism, represent the religious and philosophical thought of classical Islam. A rational, philosophical theology of Islam was developed in Kalam. Falsafa is Muslim Aristotelianism (peripateticism) since the primary school of falsafa was composed by the Aristotelians (Peripatetics). Al-Kindi (IX century) is considered to be the founder of falsafa, whose teachings served as a bridge between the Mu’tazilite Kalam and the Muslim school of peripateticism. -
History of Islam
Istanbul 1437 / 2016 © Erkam Publications 2016 / 1437 H HISTORY OF ISLAM Original Title : İslam Tarihi (Ders Kitabı) Author : Commission Auteur du Volume « Histoire de l’Afrique » : Dr. Said ZONGO Coordinator : Yrd. Doç. Dr. Faruk KANGER Academic Consultant : Lokman HELVACI Translator : Fulden ELİF AYDIN Melda DOĞAN Corrector : Mohamed ROUSSEL Editor : İsmail ERİŞ Graphics : Rasim ŞAKİROĞLU Mithat ŞENTÜRK ISBN : 978-9944-83-747-7 Addresse : İkitelli Organize Sanayi Bölgesi Mahallesi Atatürk Bulvarı Haseyad 1. Kısım No: 60/3-C Başakşehir / Istanbul - Turkey Tel : (90-212) 671-0700 (pbx) Fax : (90-212) 671-0748 E-mail : [email protected] Web : www.islamicpublishing.org Printed by : Erkam Printhouse Language : English ERKAM PUBLICATIONS TEXTBOOK HISTORY OF ISLAM 10th GRADE ERKAM PUBLICATIONS Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I THE ERA OF FOUR RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS (632–661) / 8 A. THE ELECTION OF THE FIRST CALIPH .............................................................................................. 11 B. THE PERIOD OF ABU BAKR (May Allah be Pleased with him) (632–634) ....................................... 11 C. THE PERIOD OF UMAR (May Allah be Pleased with him) (634–644) ............................................... 16 D. THE PERIOD OF UTHMAN (May Allah be Pleased with him) (644–656) ........................................ 21 E. THE PERIOD OF ALI (May Allah be pleased with him) (656-661) ...................................................... 26 EVALUATION QUESTIONS ......................................................................................................................... -
The Golden Age of Islamic Achievement a Five-Part Social Studies Unit for Middle School
The Golden Age of Islamic Achievement a five-part social studies unit for middle school Created by the Middle East Studies Center at Portland State University Written by: Courtney Ferrari, Sarah Segal, Elisheva Cohen The Golden Age of Islamic Achievement a five-part social studies unit for middle school Created by the Middle East Studies Center at Portland State University Lessons: 1. History of the Abbasid and Umayyad Dynasties 2. Geography of Islamic Expansion 3. Cities of Baghdad and Cordoba 4. House of Wisdom—scholarship in the Abbasid Dynasty 5. Scholarship, Art and Architecture in Muslim Spain Unit goal: Students will understand the role of Islamic civilization in the medieval world: its geographic and historical context, its achievements, scope and impact. Curriculum framing questions for the unit: Lesson 1: ‹ What events constitute the Abbasid and Umayyad Golden Ages? ‹ How are events in distant empires related? ‹ When and how did the empires begin and end? ‹ What events constitute the Golden Age of Islamic empires? Lesson 2: ‹ What was the geographic extent of the dynasties that made up the Islamic Golden Age? ‹ How were these societies shaped by the physical geography of their empires? Lesson 3: ‹ How are events in distant empires related? ‹ In what ways were the achievements of the Abbasid and Umayyad dynasties similar? In what ways were they different? ‹ Where did the Golden Age take place and how did geography affect its character? Lesson 4: ‹ What was the House of Wisdom and why was it important? ‹ Why did Caliph al-Ma’mun create the House of Wisdom and why did he choose Baghdad for its location? Lesson 5: ‹ What can objects tell us about the people who made them? ‹ In what ways were the achievements of the Abbasid and Umayyad dynasties similar? In what ways were they different? ‹ How did the achievements of these dynasties influence the world around them? Golden Age of Islamic Achievement: Overview 2 Learning objectives for the unit: Lesson 1: ‹ Students will be able to construct a proportional, parallel timeline to compare political units. -
Avicenna on Beauty
Firenze University Press Aisthesis www.fupress.com/aisthesis Avicenna on Beauty Citation: Mohamadreza Abolghassemi (2018) Avicenna on Beauty. Aisthesis Mohamadreza Abolghassemi 11(1): 45-54. doi: 10.13128/Aisthe- (University of Tehran) sis-23271 [email protected] Copyright: © 2018 Author.This is an open access, peer-reviewed article published by Firenze University Press Abstract. The purpose of this paper is to study the philosophy of Avicenna (980-1073), (http://www.fupress.com/aisthesis) and in order to identify his thoughts and reflections regarding aesthetics. We will try to distribuited under the terms of the analyze several texts in which he treated the notion of beauty. This analysis will allow Creative Commons Attribution License, us to compare the aesthetics of Avicenna with its main origins, namely Aristotelianism which permits unrestricted use, distri- and Neoplatonism. Then, the detailed presentation of his aesthetic reflections will show bution, and reproduction in any medi- us that his contributions to subjects relating to beauty, perfection, and aesthetic delight um, provided the original author and bear some originality which, despite the determining influence of Neoplatonism, has source are credited. its own independent voice. The latter is the case, since these originalities are the results Data Availability Statement: All rel- of a hybridization of two great philosophical schools, namely Aristotelianism and Neo- evant data are within the paper and its platonism. Supporting Information files. Keywords. Avicenna, beauty, perfection, Aristotelianism, Neoplatonism. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing inter- ests exist. 1. INTRODUCTION This study concerns the philosophy of Ibn Sinâ, one of the phi- losophers, perhaps even the greatest philosopher in the history of Islamic civilization. -
Islamic Muslim Welfare Organisation Malaysia
NOT FOR SALE ﻫاﻟﺪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ PERTUBUHAN KEBAJIKAN ISLAM MALAYSIA ISLAMIC MUSLIM WELFARE ORGANISATION MALAYSIA PERKIM Sumbangan/Zakat (Donation/Zakat) Volume 34 No. 2 - 2017 ISBN 012-826 PP 12022/02/2013(032148) Sebarang bentuk sumbangan / zakat boleh disalurkan ke Ibu Pejabat PERKIM untuk membantu golongan: Any form of donation / zakat can be channel to PERKIM Headquarters to help: Mualaf / Converts Fakir Miskin / Poor Ibu Tunggal / Single Parent Anak Yatim / Orphans Mangsa bencana / Disaster victims Orang Kurang Upaya / Disabled people SHE IS ME Sumbangan boleh diberi dalam bentuk : Donations may be given in the form: Female Wang ringgit (tunai/cek) / Money (cash / cheque) Scholarship Kerusi roda / Wheelchair Kenderaan (kereta/van/bas) / Vehicle (car / van / bus) Pakaian terpakai / Used clothes Makanan / Food + / Expertise IBN FIRNAS’ Kepakaran, kemahiran 17 FLYING MACHINE Sumbangan yang berbentuk tunai / cek boleh dikreditkan ke : Donations in the form of cash or cheques can be credited to : The history of aviation NAMA AKAUN / Acc Name : TABUNG KEBAJIKAN TUNKU NO. AKAUN / Acc No : 105020002899 (Affin Bank Berhad) ZHENG HE + Islam in China Mereka yang bersifat pemurah dan dermawan bukan sahaja 11 “ Tidak ada satu hari hamba Allah berpagi pada hari itu, selain ia disanjungi dan dikasihi oleh masyarakat, malah di akhirat Allah SWT dihadiri dua Malaikat; kemudian salah seorang daripada menjanjikan ganjaran yang berlipat kali ganda. Allah SWT telah keduanya mendoakan: “Wahai Tuhan, berilah si dermawan itu memberi jaminan bahawa sifat pemurah dan dermawan tidak akan ganti; dan salah satu malaikat lagi mendoakan : Wahai Tuhan, + mengurangkan harta malah rezekinya akan ditambah selain berilah orang yang bakhil itu kehancuran“. (Sahih al-Bukhari) 52 mendapat saham pahala akhirat yang berterusan. -
Brief Bibliographic Guide in Medieval Islamic Philosophy and Theology
BRIEF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL GUIDE IN MEDIEVAL AND POST-CLASSICAL ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY (2014-2015) Thérèse-Anne Druart The Catholic University of America I cannot thank enough all the scholars who kindly sent me information, in particular, those who provided me with a copy of their publications or photocopies of tables of contents of collective works. They are true scholars and true friends. I also wish to thank very much the colleagues who patiently checked the draft of this installment. Their invaluable help was a true work of mercy. Collective Works or Collections of Articles Adamson, Peter, Studies on Early Arabic Philosophy (Variorum). Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, 2015, xii-330 pp., ISBN 9781472420268. -------, Studies on Plotinus and al-Kindî (Variorum). Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, 2014, xii-356 pp., ISBN 9781472420251. An Anthology of Philosophy in Persia, vol. 5: From the School of Shiraz to the Twentieth Century, ed. by Seyyed Hossein Nasr & Mehdi Aminrazavi. London-New York: I.B. Tauris, 2015, xx-544 pp., ISBN 9781848857506. Aristotle and the Arabic Tradition, ed. by Ahmed Alwishah & Josh Hayes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015, x-270 pp., ISBN 9781107101739. L’averroismo in età moderna (1400-1700), ed. by Giovanni Licata. Macerata: Quodlibet, 2013, 211 pp., ISBN 9788874626465. Controverses sur les écritures canoniques de l’islam, ed. by Daniel De Smet & Mohammad Ali Amir-Moezzi (Islam – Nouvelles approches). Paris: Cerf, 2014, 436 pp., ISBN 9782204102933. Gutas, Dimitri, Orientations of Avicenna’s Philosophy: Essays on his Life, Method, Heritage (Variorum). Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, 2014, xiv-368 pp., ISBN 9781472436337. The Heritage of Arabo-Islamic Learning. Studies presented to Wadad Kadi, ed. -
History of Islamic Philosophy Henry Corbin
History of Islamic Philosophy Henry Corbin Translated by Liadain Sherrard with the assistance of Philip Sherrard KEGAN PAUL INTERNATIONAL London and New York in association with ISLAMIC PUBLICATIONS for THE INSTITUTE OF ISMAILI STUDIES London The Institute of Ismaili Studies, London The Institute of Ismaili Studies was established in 1977 with the object of promoting scholarship and learning on Islam, in the historical as well as contemporary context, and a better understanding of its relationship with other societies and faiths. The Institute's programmes encourage a perspective which is not confined to the theological and religious heritage of Islam, but seek to explore the relationship of religious ideas to broader dimensions of society and culture. They thus encourage an inter-disciplinary approach to the materials of Islamic history and thought. Particular attention is also given to issues of modernity that arise as Muslims seek to relate their heritage to the contemporary situation. Within the Islamic tradition, the Institute's programmes seek to promote research on those areas which have had relatively lesser attention devoted to them in secondary scholarship to date. These include the intellectual and literary expressions of Shi'ism in general, and Ismailism in particular. In the context of Islamic societies, the Institute's programmes are informed by the full range and diversity of cultures in which Islam is practised today, from the Middle East, Southern and Central Asia and Africa to the industrialized societies of the West, thus taking into consideration the variety of contexts which shape the ideals, beliefs and practices of the faith. The publications facilitated by the Institute will fall into several distinct categories: 1 Occasional papers or essays addressing broad themes of the relationship between religion and society in the historical as well as modern context, with special reference to Islam, but encompassing, where appropriate, other faiths and cultures. -
On the Soul: the Floating Man by Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), Various Excerpts (~1020-1037 AD)
On the Soul: The Floating Man by Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), various excerpts (~1020-1037 AD) *** first excerpt from The Psychology of the Book of Healing: On the Soul (Kitab al-Shifa: Tabiyat: ilm al-Nafs) (~1020 AD) translated by John McGinnis & David Reisman (2007) 1.1. Establishing the Existence of the Soul and Defining It As Soul 1. We must first direct our discussion to establishing the existence of the thing we call a soul, and next to whatever follows from that. We say: We commonly observe certain bodies perceiving by the senses and being moved by volition; in fact, we observe certain bodies taking in nutrients, growing, and reproducing their like. That does not belong to them on account of their corporeality; so the remaining option is that in themselves there are principles for that other than their corporeality. The thing out of which these actions issue and, in short, anything that is a principle for the issuance of any actions that do not follow a uniform course devoid of volition, we call “soul.” This expression is a term for this thing not on account of its substance but on account of a certain relation it has, that is, in the sense that it is a principle of these actions [i.e., “perceiving”, “being moved by volition”, “taking in nutrients, growing, and reproducing”, etc.]. We will seek to identify its substance and the category to which it belongs later. For now, we have established the existence of something that is a principle only of what we stated, and we have established the existence of something in the sense that it has a particular accident. -
Life and Activity of Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi
http://www.hst-journal.com Історія науки і техніки 2020, том 10, випуск 2 History of science and technology, 2020, vol. 10, issue 2 DOI:10.32703/2415-7422-2020-10-2-353-367 UDC 51(091) Maryam Seyidbeyli Institute of the History of Science Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences 115, Huseyn Javid Avenue, Baku, Azerbaijan e-mail: [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-5885 Life and activity of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Abstract. At the beginning of the VII century in the political life of the Near and Middle East, fundamental changes have taken place. The Arabs conquered a colossal territory, which included the lands of Iran, North Africa, North-West India, the Asian provinces of Byzantium, most of the former Roman Empire. In the conquered cities of the caliphate, observatories, madaris, libraries were built. At the end of VII century, the first scientific center, an academy, the House of Wisdom, was founded in Baghdad, in which scholars who spoke different languages were assembled. Here the translation and commentary activity were very developed, the main works of ancient thought, such as the writings of Aristotle, Ptolemy were published in the 9th century in the Arabic- speaking world. For two centuries from 750 to 950 years, the works of ancient authors on philosophy, mathematics, medicine, alchemy, and astronomy were translated into Arabic, which indicates the high scientific potential of that time in the East. At the same time, in the XII century, Ibn Rushd composed 38 commentaries on the works of Aristotle, the “Republic” of Plato, the treatise “On the Mind” of Alexander of Aphrodisias, which subsequently had an important influence on the work of Nasir al- Din al-Tusi. -
Maraghe Observatory and an Effort Towards Retrieval of Architectural Design of Astronomical Units
Maraghe Observatory and an Effort towards Retrieval of Architectural Design of Astronomical Units Javad Shekari Niri* Assistant Professor of Conservation of Historical Buildings, Faculty of Architecture, International University of Imam Khomeini, Qazvin, Iran Received on 8\8\2014 ; Accepted on 14\2\2015 Abstract Maraghe observatory was built by such engineers as Moayiededdin Orozi etc. under supervision of Khaje Nasireddin Tousi in 7th century AH. The most significant feature associated with Maraghe observatory is the fact that architecture is employed to achieve astronomical purposes in this site. The reason for preferring observatory by astronomers was the fact that these units are superior to wooden and metal instruments with respect to accuracy, no size limitations, etc. Architectural design and function of astronomical units of Maraghe observatory site after discovery of its foundation in the course of explorations before Islamic Revolution remained unclear until recent years. After conducting required studies and investigations, the author managed to find significant cues and after some precise comparisons, he succeeded to recover the main design and function of some astronomical units of this international center. Based on these findings these astronomical structures can reliably be rebuilt. This research showed that every circular or polygonal building cannot be considered as an observatory. For example form and function of cemetery structures are completely different with astronomical ones. Following this research also valuable results were obtained in relation to stone architectural structures present on Maraghe observatory hill. In addition, claims about invention of astronomical units of Maraghe observatory by non-Iranian scientists are rejected and rights of Iranian scientists are rationally defended in this regard. -
Statesmen and Public-Political Figures
Administrative Department of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan P R E S I D E N T I A L L I B R A R Y CONTENTS STATESMEN, PUBLIC AND POLITICAL FIGURES ........................................................... 4 ALIYEV HEYDAR ..................................................................................................................... 4 ALIYEV ILHAM ........................................................................................................................ 6 MEHRIBAN ALIYEVA ............................................................................................................. 8 ALIYEV AZIZ ............................................................................................................................ 9 AKHUNDOV VALI ................................................................................................................. 10 ELCHIBEY ABULFAZ ............................................................................................................ 11 HUSEINGULU KHAN KADJAR ............................................................................................ 12 IBRAHIM-KHALIL KHAN ..................................................................................................... 13 KHOYSKI FATALI KHAN ..................................................................................................... 14 KHIABANI MOHAMMAD ..................................................................................................... 15 MEHDİYEV RAMİZ ...............................................................................................................