Journal of Water Resource Research and Development Volume 3 Issue 1 Water Supply System at Gelalgaun in Duwakot,Bhaktapur, Nepal Raghu Nath Prajapati1*, Lok R. Pyakurel2, Sachin Yadav3, Sushant Kr.Gupta4, Arjun Chudali5 1Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Nepal Engineering College, Bhaktapur, Nepal. 2,3,4,5Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Nepal Engineering College, Bhaktapur, Nepal. *Corresponding Author E-mail Id:[email protected] ABSTRACT Most of the part is covered by water on the earth. It covers more than 70% of the earth surface it fills the ocean. The water is a basic need of human as it is one of prime natural resources. The water availability for human settlement has concerned to both water quality and quantity. Today, to obtain the efficient and safe water with affordable cost is one of the big challenges. The population increase in urban makes pressure to access the water supply and there is a difficult to supply water inspecific tribe settlement in remote areas. An appropriate well designed and planned water distribution system is needed before hand. The target of water distribution system is to supply qualities and quantities drinkable water. In addition, effectiveness in cost and reliability in distribution system are also considerable.In this study “Gelalgaun, Duwakot area of Changunarayan municipality of Nepal” has been taken as case study. The primary purpose of the study is to analyze impact of water supply with analysis its quality and quantity. It is observed from the study that the water supply in Gelalgaun area is control by Nepal government and local staff. Well is used as source water and store in reservoir at the area and purified by adding bleaching powder and to supply household in morning time. Keywords:-Sustainable and affordable, Gelalgaun, Changunarayan municipality, water quality and quantity INTRODUCTION assupplied water is often polluted [3].In As, the water supply system is to bring some of the tera rural regions of Nepal water from the source and supply safe communities, people still rely on getting water to the consumer in adequate qualities their drinking water from tube wells and quantity efficiently at low cost.The [7].Recently, one of the major concerns in water is a basic need of human as it is one these regions, especially in the region of of prime natural resources [3]. But most of Terai, isgroundwater contamination from the Nepalese population is back to access arsenic [9]. The Terai region contains the safe ad adequate drinking water [9]. sedimentary layers of sand; gravel deposits Till today, about 80% of the total interlocked with flood plains carried by population has not been reached safe rivers and are extremely vulnerable to drinking water [8].Those belonging to arsenic contamination. poor and excluded groups in rural areas have limited to no access [4]. Many people Thus, we have taken a project to study on in remote areas spent several hours water supply system of traveling to get water [4]. Still today, the Galelgaun,Duwaokt, rural area of drinking water available is not always safe Nepal.For rural area it need water demand HBRP Publication Page 1-6 2020. All Rights Reserved Page 1 Journal of Water Resource Research and Development Volume 3 Issue 1 as 45lpcd and for urban it need 113 identified research, detail survey and water lpcd.The project is planned to study the contaminationtests were performed. This system of water supply in Duwakot which was carried out during winter season of is situated in Bhaktapur district under 2020. Changunarayan Municipality. For this Fig.1:-Location of Duwako WHO STANDARD good water most poses the following According to WHO guidelines safe and characteristics.[1] S.N. Type Impurities Maximum permissible limit(ppm) a. Colour 5 to 50 Physical impurities 1 b. Turbidity 5 c. Taste andodour nil d. Most probable mpn Not more than 1 caliform 2. Biological impurities e. b. Caliform bacteria Colony pen 100 ml of sample f. PH value 6.5 to 8.5 g. Total solid 500 to 1500 h. Hardness 200 to 60 i. Cardimum 0.01 j. Chromium 0.1 to 1.5 k. Arsenic 0.3 to 1 3. Chemical impurities l. Magnese 5 to 15 m. Iron 200 to 400 n. Zinc Nil o. Sulphate 200 to 600 p. BOD 4 to 7 good aquatic life q. Chloride 7 to 11 very good for all type of aquatic life r. D.O STUDY AREA in Changunaryan Municipality in province The site which have selected for detail no. 3 of central Nepal. It is surrounded by observation and study about water supply Bhaktpurmunicipality in south and systemlocated near the Changunaryan Madhyapurmunicipality in west. It is about temple on the shore of river 3 km to west from Nepal engineering Manohara.Duwakot is a village and former collage. village development committee that is now HBRP Publication Page 1-6 2020. All Rights Reserved Page 2 Journal of Water Resource Research and Development Volume 3 Issue 1 Fig.2:-Location of data collection The water supply system of Gelalgaun, Duwakot under the committee was established in 2050BS [2]. But the indicator of reading water meter was established in 2053 B.S. Water is used to pump out from a depth 25 ft and supply up to 500 m from the surface level.Thewater Fig.3:-Source of water supply supply system uses three reservoirs for water storage.One of them having capacity OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY of 2.5 lakh liter is used to supply the water The main objective of the study is to figure in Gelalgaun, Duwakot.The two reservoirs out the quality, quantity, condition and have 1.5 lakh litercapacities each.One of cost throughout the demand of the them is used to supply water for Jhaukhel supplied water at the water supply system and another reservoir having capacity 1.5 in Gelalgaun, Duwakotand lakh liter used to supply the water in both Changunarayan. places that is Jhaukhel and Duwakot. The water is distributed about 1400 houses for FIELD OBSERVATION AND DATA their uses like drinking, washing and other COLLECTION house sanitation. In dry season that is in Source Condition summer season, water supply is sufficient Gelalgaun, Duwakotwater supply system to the consumer. But in dry season the uses the ground water sources to distribute supplied water is not sufficient to the water to the consumer. Ground water is users.To overcome this problem in water used to store in the reservoir having supply distribution, the committee of water capacity 2 lakh lit for Gelalgaun, Duwakot distribution has decided to build another water distribution area. There is water reservoir within April month. The treatment plant has been implemented to minimum charge of water supply for one remove impurities to supply safe water month (upto8000Ltr) was NRs. 225 per still the consumer face some houses.Thereservoir is cleaned in every 3 contamination in the supplied water. The to 4 months. reservoir was proposed to clean in three to four months but practically the reservoir HBRP Publication Page 1-6 2020. All Rights Reserved Page 3 Journal of Water Resource Research and Development Volume 3 Issue 1 was not cleaned in regular period. The D. Odour of water? main problem is that the supply pipe burst a. Good smell in winter season.The water supply machine b. Bad smell burst sometime. The water is pumped out E. Taste of water? from 25 feet depth of the source to store in a. Salty the reservoir. b. Sour c. Sweet Questionnaire d. No taste We have made some question regarding F. Is there any correction required quality, quantity, time, use, and method regarding water distribution? adopted for drinking water of that field a. Correction needed with local consumer. They are: b. No correction required A. Water distribution time? c. No any problem in water a. Morning distribution b. Afternoon c. Evening Water Sample tests B. Quantity of water supply? We have collected water sample from a. 1000 lt/house different location of water distribution in b. 500 lt/house Gelalgaun, Duwakotincluding the source c. 200 lt/house of water and various tests were performed C. Quality of water supply? to identify different properties of water. a. Good The following are the tests and their results b. Moderate that have been carried out inNepal c. Bad engineering college chemistry laboratory. Table 1:-Sample tests Sample No PH Chlorine D.O (ppm) 1 6.62 no chlorine 8.19 2 6.42 no chlorine 9.24 3 6.78 5.32 8.66 4 6.56 no chlorine 8.01 5 6.49 no chlorine 8.30 DATA ANALYSIS were obtained from lab test for the given In this part we have analyzed only PH water sample in term of contamination value, D.O. and Chlorine for the data that with WHO standards. Table 2:-Comparison of samples PH D.O. Chlorine Sample Water WHO Water Water WHO No WHO Standard sample standard sample sample Standard 7 to 11 very good for all type of 1 6.62 6.5 to 8.5 8.19 no chlorine 250 aquatic life 7 to 11 very good for all type of 2 6.42 6.5 to 8.5 9.24 no chlorine 250 aquatic life 7 to 11 very good for all type of 3 6.78 6.5 to 8.5 7.66 5.32 250 aquatic life 7 to 11 very good for all type of 4 6.56 6.5 to 8.5 7.01 no chlorine 250 aquatic life 7 to 11 very good for all type of 5 6.49 6.5 to 8.5 8.30 no chlorine 250 aquatic life From above analysis table, the chemical properties of water at Gelalgaun water HBRP Publication Page 1-6 2020.