DOCSLIB.ORG

Guidance Document on the Application of Water Balances for Supporting the Implementation of the WFD

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Guidance Document on the Application of Water Balances for Supporting the Implementation of the WFD Technical Report - 2015 - 090 Guidance document on the application of water balances for supporting the implementation of the WFD Final – Version 6.1 – 18/05/2015 Environment Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union New freephone number: 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://ec.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2015 ISBN 978-92-79-52021-1 doi: 10.2779/352735 © European Union, 2015 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Disclaimer: This technical document has been developed through a collaborative programme involving the European Commission, all the Member States, the Accession Countries, Norway and other stakeholders and Non-Governmental Organisations. The document should be regarded as presenting an informal consensus position on best practice agreed by all partners. However, the document does not necessarily represent the official, formal position of any of the partners. Hence, the views expressed in the document do not necessarily represent the views of the European Commission. Guidance document on the application of water balances for supporting the implementation of the WFD Final – Version 6.1 – 18/05/2015 Table of content 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Context .............................................................................................................. 4 1.2. A guidance: what for? ....................................................................................... 7 1.3. Guide to the reader ............................................................................................ 9 2. KEY COMPONENTS OF WATER BALANCES ................................................... 11 2.1. The key components of the hydrological cycle ............................................... 11 2.2. From water balance to a detailed list of water quantity related parameters used to support policy making ........................................................................ 15 3. KEY ISSUES IN DEVELOPING WATER BALANCES ....................................... 24 3.1. Developing water balances…. at the right scale ............................................. 24 3.2. Data sources (quality) and uncertainties ......................................................... 25 3.3. Correctly identifying water availability and accounting for ecological needs (links to e-flows) ............................................................................................. 27 4. APPLYING WATER BALANCES IN PRACTICE ................................................ 31 5. USING WATER BALANCES FOR SUPPORTING WATER MANAGEMENT .. 39 5.1. Supporting the characterization of river basins and the identification of key water management issues ................................................................................ 39 5.2. Supporting the selection of measures for the WFD PoM ................................ 39 5.3. Target setting and allocation ........................................................................... 41 5.4. Adapting to climate change ............................................................................. 42 5.5. Identifying room for improvement in resource efficiency .............................. 42 5.6. Contributing to informing and reporting on water policy implementation ..... 43 6. EXPANDING THE PHYSICAL WATER BALANCE FOR ADDRESSING COMPLEMENTARY WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES ................................... 45 6.1. Expanding water balance to account for water quality ................................... 45 6.2. Integrating the economic dimensions of water use and management ............. 45 6.3. EEA and Eurostat related works ..................................................................... 51 7. RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................... 53 8. LIST OF REFERENCES .......................................................................................... 55 ANNEXES ........................................................................................................................ 59 ANNEX I – ILLUSTRATING THE APPLICATION OF WATER BALANCES .......... 59 Case study #1: Ali-Efenti River Basin, Greece (ABOT project, DG ENV) ............. 59 Case study #2: Tiber River Basin, Italy (ABOT project, DG ENV) ......................... 62 Case study #3: Vit River Basin, Bulgaria (ABOT project, DG ENV) ...................... 65 Case study #4: Mulde River Basin, Germany (ABOT project, DG ENV) ............... 68 Case study #5: Arno River Basin, Germany (PAWA project, DG ENV) ................. 71 Case study #6: Slovenia ............................................................................................ 77 2 Case study #7: The Jeziorka River Catchment, Poland ............................................ 82 Case study #8: Use of water resource balance as a tool for the assessment of the quantitative relation between water requirements (including the minimum balance discharge) and water resources – example from Slovakia ................. 85 1.1 Objective of the Case study ............................................................................. 85 1.2 Policy and management context ...................................................................... 85 2 DETAILED INFORMATION .................................................................................. 85 2.1 Practical Tasks (in case of methods and/or procedures) ................................. 85 2.2 Temporal and spatial scales ............................................................................. 86 2.3 Type of analysis or tool ................................................................................... 86 2.4 Information and data requirements.................................................................. 91 2.5 Testing of results ............................................................................................. 93 2.6 Current application of the method/initiative ................................................... 93 2.7 Learned lessons - Conclusions – Recommendations for application within the concept of Eflows ...................................................................................... 94 Contact information................................................................................................... 94 ANNEX II – KEY METHODOLOGICAL LESSONS FROM THE EU-FUNDED PILOT STUDIES ...................................................................................................... 96 ANNEX III –COMPARISON BETWEEN THE “SEEAW ASSET ACCOUNTS” AND THE “WATER BALANCE” COMPONENTS ............................................. 120 3 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Context The vital importance of water for supporting the functioning of ecosystems while contributing at the same time to economic development is widely recognized in all parts of Europe today. Historically, most attention has been given to water quality issues as illustrated by the early European Union (EU) water directives developed during the 1970s and the early 1980s that aimed at ensuring the good quality of waters used for different purposes (e.g. for drinking, water swimming, fishing, etc.). With the increasing imbalance between water supply and water demand 1in many parts of Europe, including also some in parts of Northern Europe [1], potentially exacerbated by changes in climate during the past few decades, water availability and water scarcity has progressively emerged as a key issue in national and EU water policy making and implementation, as illustrated in the policy objectives of different Directives and Communications (Table 1). Table 1. Policy objectives related to water availability in different directives, working documents, communications and strategies. EU Directive/Communication/ Strategy Policy Objective EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) Ensure a good quantitative status of groundwater bodies; 2000/60/EC, daughter directives (2000) Achieve good ecological status of surface water bodies (including in terms of [2], and guidance documents within the supporting environmental river flow requirements); Common Implementation Strategy. Identify significant pressures from abstraction (Art. 5). EC Communication “Addressing the Encourage Member States (MS) to identify river basins which face quasi- challenge of water scarcity and drought permanent or permanent water stress or scarcity; in the European Union” Improve drought risk management; (2007) [3] Improve knowledge and data collection. EC Communication “Blueprint to Put quantitative water management on a much more solid foundation Safeguard Europe’s Water” (2012) [4] (including identification of the ecological flow –i.e. the amount of water required for the aquatic ecosystem to continue to thrive and provide services) and address the issue of over-allocation at the river basin scale; Recognize that water quality and quantity are intimately related within the concept of good status; Develop water efficiency targets for river basins which are (or are projected to be) water stressed, on the basis of water stress indicators developed in the Common Implementation Strategy (CIS) process and applied at river basin level; Implement Water Accounts at river basin and sub-catchment level: they can tell water managers how much water
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Statistical Vertically Mixed Runoff Model for Regions Featured
    water Article A Statistical Vertically Mixed Runoff Model for Regions Featured by Complex Runoff Generation Process Peng Lin 1,2, Pengfei Shi 1,2,*, Tao Yang 1,2,*, Chong-Yu Xu 3, Zhenya Li 1 and Xiaoyan Wang 1 1 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; [email protected] (P.L.); [email protected] (Z.L.); [email protected] (X.W.) 2 College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China 3 Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1047, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (T.Y.) Received: 6 June 2020; Accepted: 11 August 2020; Published: 19 August 2020 Abstract: Hydrological models for regions characterized by complex runoff generation process been suffer from a great weakness. A delicate hydrological balance triggered by prolonged wet or dry underlying condition and variable extreme rainfall makes the rainfall-runoff process difficult to simulate with traditional models. To this end, this study develops a novel vertically mixed model for complex runoff estimation that considers both the runoff generation in excess of infiltration at soil surface and that on excess of storage capacity at subsurface. Different from traditional models, the model is first coupled through a statistical approach proposed in this study, which considers the spatial heterogeneity of water transport and runoff generation. The model has the advantage of distributed model to describe spatial heterogeneity and the merits of lumped conceptual model to conveniently and accurately forecast flood.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Water Balance Models to Approximate the Effects of Climate Change on Spring Catchment Discharge: Mt
    USING WATER BALANCE MODELS TO APPROXIMATE THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SPRING CATCHMENT DISCHARGE: MT. HANANG, TANZANIA Randall E. Fish A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Geology MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2011 © 2011 Randall E. Fish UMI Number: 1492078 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 1492078 Copyright 2011 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 This thesis, “Using Water Balance Models to Approximate the Effects of Climate Change on Spring Catchment Discharge: Mt. Hanang, Tanzania,” is hereby approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GEOLOGY. Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences Signatures: Thesis Advisor _________________________________________ Dr. John Gierke Department Chair _________________________________________ Dr. Wayne Pennington Date _________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Remote Sensing Solutions for Estimating Runoff and Recharge in Arid Environments
    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 6-2008 Remote Sensing Solutions for Estimating Runoff and Recharge in Arid Environments Adam M. Milewski Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Milewski, Adam M., "Remote Sensing Solutions for Estimating Runoff and Recharge in Arid Environments" (2008). Dissertations. 3378. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/3378 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REMOTE SENSING SOLUTIONS FOR ESTIMATING RUNOFF AND RECHARGE IN ARID ENVIRONMENTS by Adam M. Milewski A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillmentof the requirements forthe Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Geosciences Dr. Mohamed Sultan, Advisor WesternMichigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan June 2008 Copyright by Adam M. Milewski 2008 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Just like any great accomplishment in life, they are often completed with the help of many friends and family. I have been blessed to have relentless support from my friends and family on all aspects of my education. Though I would like to thank everyone who has shaped my life and future, I cannot, and therefore for those individuals and groups of people that I do not specifically mention, I say thank you. First and foremost I would like to thank my advisor, Mohamed Sultan, whose advice and mentorship has been tireless, fair, and of the highest standard.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential Groundwater Recharge for the State of Minnesota Using the Soil-Water-Balance Model, 1996–2010
    Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Potential Groundwater Recharge for the State of Minnesota Using the Soil-Water-Balance Model, 1996–2010 Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover. Map showing mean annual potential recharge rates from 1996−2010 based on results from the Soil-Water-Balance model for Minnesota. Potential Groundwater Recharge for the State of Minnesota Using the Soil-Water- Balance Model, 1996–2010 By Erik A. Smith and Stephen M. Westenbroek Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2015 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Smith, E.A., and Westenbroek, S.M., 2015, Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996–2010: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Models for Analyzing Agricultural Nonpoint-Source Pollution
    MODELS FOR ANALYZING AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION Douglas A. Hairh Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA RR-82-17 April 1982 INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Laxenburg, Austria International Standard Book Number 3-7045-0037-2 Research Reports, which record research conducted at IIASA, are independently reviewed before publication. However, the views and opinions they express are not necessarily those of the Institute or the National Member Organizations that support it. Copyright O 1982 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. FOREWORD The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is conducting research on the environmental problems of agriculture. One of the objectives of this research is to evaluate the existing mathematical models describing the interactions between agriculture and the environment. Part of the work toward this objective has been led at IIASA by G.N. Golubev and part has involved collaboration with several other institutions and scientists. During the past two years the work has paid particular attention to the problems of pollution from nonpoint sources. This report reviews and classifies the mathematical models currently available in this field, taking into account their different time and spatial scales, as well as the prob- lems that may call for their use. Although the last decade has witnessed the rapid development of nonpoint-source pollution models, much remains to be done. Haith addresses this matter; however, his comments about research needs go beyond the art and science of modeling.
    [Show full text]
  • IRRIGATION WATER BALANCE FUNDAMENTALS Charles M. Burt
    “Irrigation Water Balance Fundamentals”. 1999. Conference on Benchmarking Irrigation System Performance Using Water Measurement and Water Balances. San Luis Obispo, CA. March 10. USCID, Denver, Colo. pp. 1-13. http://www.itrc.org/papers/pdf/irrwaterbal.pdf ITRC Paper 99-001 IRRIGATION WATER BALANCE FUNDAMENTALS Charles M. Burt1 ABSTRACT Water balances are essential for making wise decisions regarding water conservation and water management. The paper defines the essential ingredients of water balances, and distinguishes between farm and district-level balances. An example of a hypothetical district-level balance is provided. The importance of listing confidence intervals is highlighted. Classic errors in water balance determination are noted. CONCEPT OF A WATER BALANCE A "water balance" is an accounting of all water volumes that enter and leave a 3- dimensioned space (Fig. 1) over a specified period of time. Changes in internal water storage must also be considered. Both the spatial and temporal boundaries of a water balance must be clearly defined in order to compute and to discuss a water balance. A complete water balance is not limited to only irrigation water or rainwater or groundwater, etc., but includes all water that enters and leaves the spatial boundaries. Fig 1. A Water Balance Requires the Definition of 3-D and Temporal Boundaries, and All Inflows and Outflows Across Those Boundaries As Well As the Change in Storage Within Those Boundaries. 1 Professor and Director, Irrigation Training and Research Center (ITRC), BioResource and Agricultural Engineering Dept., California Polytechnic State Univ. (Cal Poly), San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 ([email protected]). Irrigation Training and Research Center - www.itrc.org “Irrigation Water Balance Fundamentals”.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Balance and Evapotranspiration Monitoring in Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
    Geotech Geol Eng DOI 10.1007/s10706-008-9198-z ORIGINAL PAPER Water Balance and Evapotranspiration Monitoring in Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Yu-Jun Cui Æ Jorge G. Zornberg Received: 21 July 2005 / Accepted: 19 September 2007 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract Among the various components of the Keywords Evapotranspiration Á Water balance Á water balance, measurement of evapotranspiration Cover system Á Unsaturated soils Á has probably been the most difficult component to Measurement quantify and measure experimentally. Some attempts for direct measurement of evapotranspiration have included the use of weighing lysimeters. However, 1 Introduction quantification of evapotranspiration has been typi- cally conducted using energy balance approaches or The interaction between ground surface and the indirect water balance methods that rely on quanti- atmosphere has not been frequently addressed in fication of other water balance components. This geotechnical practice. Perhaps the applications where paper initially presents the fundamental aspects of such evaluations have been considered the most are evapotranspiration as well as of its evaporation and in the evaluation of landslides induced by loss of transpiration components. Typical methods used for suction due to precipitations (e.g., Alonso et al. 1995; prediction of evapotranspiration based on meteoro- Shimada et al. 1995; Cai and Ugai 1998; Fourie et al. logical information are also discussed. The current 1998; Rahardjo et al. 1998). Yet, the quantification trend of using evapotranspirative cover systems for and measurement of evapotranspiration has recently closure of waste containment facilities located in arid received renewed interest. This is the case, for climates has brought renewed needs for quantification example, due to the design of evapotranspirative of evapotranspiration.
    [Show full text]
  • Erosion and Sediment Transport Modelling in Shallow Waters: a Review on Approaches, Models and Applications
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Review Erosion and Sediment Transport Modelling in Shallow Waters: A Review on Approaches, Models and Applications Mohammad Hajigholizadeh 1,* ID , Assefa M. Melesse 2 ID and Hector R. Fuentes 3 1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 W Flagler Street, EC3781, Miami, FL 33174, USA 2 Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, AHC-5-390, 11200 SW 8th Street Miami, FL 33199, USA; melessea@fiu.edu 3 Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 W Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA; fuentes@fiu.edu * Correspondence: mhaji002@fiu.edu; Tel.: +1-305-905-3409 Received: 16 January 2018; Accepted: 10 March 2018; Published: 14 March 2018 Abstract: The erosion and sediment transport processes in shallow waters, which are discussed in this paper, begin when water droplets hit the soil surface. The transport mechanism caused by the consequent rainfall-runoff process determines the amount of generated sediment that can be transferred downslope. Many significant studies and models are performed to investigate these processes, which differ in terms of their effecting factors, approaches, inputs and outputs, model structure and the manner that these processes represent. This paper attempts to review the related literature concerning sediment transport modelling in shallow waters. A classification based on the representational processes of the soil erosion and sediment transport models (empirical, conceptual, physical and hybrid) is adopted, and the commonly-used models and their characteristics are listed. This review is expected to be of interest to researchers and soil and water conservation managers who are working on erosion and sediment transport phenomena in shallow waters.
    [Show full text]
  • Salton Sea Hydrological Modeling and Results
    TECHNICAL REPORT Salton Sea Hydrological Modeling and Results Prepared for Imperial Irrigation District October 2018 CH2M HILL 402 W. Broadway, Suite 1450 San Diego, CA 92101 Contents Section Page 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1-1 2 Description of Study Area .................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Salton Sea Watershed ...................................................................................................... 2-2 3 SALSA2 Model Description .................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.1 Time Step ............................................................................................................ 3-2 3.2 Air Quality Mitigation and Habitat Components Incorporated into SALSA2 ................... 3-2 3.3 Simulations of Water and Salt Balance ............................................................................ 3-4 3.3.1 Inflows ................................................................................................................. 3-4 3.3.2 Consumptive Use Demands and Deliveries ........................................................ 3-4 3.3.3 Salton Sea Evaporation ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Study on Water and Salt Transport, and Balance Analysis in Sand Dune–Wasteland–Lake Systems of Hetao Oases, Upper Reaches of the Yellow River Basin
    water Article A Study on Water and Salt Transport, and Balance Analysis in Sand Dune–Wasteland–Lake Systems of Hetao Oases, Upper Reaches of the Yellow River Basin Guoshuai Wang 1,2, Haibin Shi 1,2,*, Xianyue Li 1,2, Jianwen Yan 1,2, Qingfeng Miao 1,2, Zhen Li 1,2 and Takeo Akae 3 1 College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; [email protected] (G.W.); [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (J.Y.); [email protected] (Q.M.); [email protected] (Z.L.) 2 High Efficiency Water-saving Technology and Equipment and Soil Water Environment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China 3 Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-13500613853 or +86-04714300177 Received: 1 November 2020; Accepted: 4 December 2020; Published: 9 December 2020 Abstract: Desert oases are important parts of maintaining ecohydrology. However, irrigation water diverted from the Yellow River carries a large amount of salt into the desert oases in the Hetao plain. It is of the utmost importance to determine the characteristics of water and salt transport. Research was carried out in the Hetao plain of Inner Mongolia. Three methods, i.e., water-table fluctuation (WTF), soil hydrodynamics, and solute dynamics, were combined to build a water and salt balance model to reveal the relationship of water and salt transport in sand dune–wasteland–lake systems. Results showed that groundwater level had a typical seasonal-fluctuation pattern, and the groundwater transport direction in the sand dune–wasteland–lake system changed during different periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Irrigation Performance on Water Balance: Krueng Baro Irri- Gation Scheme (Aceh-Indonesia) As a Case Study
    DOI: 10.2478/jwld-2019-0040 © Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Committee on Agronomic Sciences JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT Section of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering in Agriculture, 2019 2019, No. 42 (VII–IX): 12–20 © Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP), 2019 PL ISSN 1429–7426, e-ISSN 2083-4535 Available (PDF): http://www.itp.edu.pl/wydawnictwo/journal; http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jwld; http://journals.pan.pl/jwld Received 07.12.2018 Reviewed 05.03.2019 Accepted 07.03.2019 Effects of irrigation performance on water balance: A – study design B – data collection Krueng Baro Irrigation Scheme (Aceh-Indonesia) C – statistical analysis D – data interpretation E – manuscript preparation as a case study F – literature search Azmeri AZMERI1) ABCDEF , Alfiansyah YULIANUR2) AD, Uli ZAHRATI3) BC, Imam FAUDLI4) BC 1) orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-036X; Universitas Syiah Kuala, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department Jl. Tgk. Syeh Abdul Rauf No. 7, Darussalam – Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia; e-mail: [email protected] 2) orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-1792; Universitas Syiah Kuala, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; e-mail: [email protected] 3) orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-8193; Office of River Region of Sumatra-I, Lueng Bata, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; e-mail: [email protected] 4) orcid.org/0000-0002-4944-3449; Hydrology and hydraulics consultant; e-mail: [email protected] For citation: Azmeri A., Yulianur A., Zahrati U., Faudli I. 2019. Effects of irrigation performance on water balance: Krueng Baro Irri- gation Scheme (Aceh-Indonesia) as a case study.
    [Show full text]
  • Creating a Stormwater Runoff Model for the City of Oxford, Mississippi: When It Rains, Where Does That Water Go?
    University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2017 Creating A Stormwater Runoff Model For The City Of Oxford, Mississippi: When It Rains, Where Does That Water Go? Alexandra Gay Weatherwax University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the Geographic Information Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Weatherwax, Alexandra Gay, "Creating A Stormwater Runoff Model For The City Of Oxford, Mississippi: When It Rains, Where Does That Water Go?" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1016. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1016 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CREATING A STORMWATER RUNOFF MODEL FOR THE CITY OF OXFORD, MISSISSIPPI: WHEN IT RAINS, WHERE DOES THAT WATER GO? A Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of requirements For the degree of Masters of Science In the department of Geology and Geological Engineering The University of Mississippi By ALEXANDRA GAY WEATHERWAX August 2017 Copyright Alexandra Gay Weatherwax 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT The City of Oxford, Mississippi (home of the University of Mississippi) has experienced, in recent years, a rapid growth of urbanization. This rapid increase creates more impervious cover, such as bridges, roads, parking lots, etc., which can cause a stress on the capacity of stream load and causes flooding. To correct this, storm water management is needed in the city. This stormwater runoff model uses data collected from rain gauges, soil data from SSURGO and published soil infiltration rates from a Lafayette County Soil Survey, impervious cover created from LiDAR and aerial photography, published evapotranspiration rates, and storm drain locations provided by the City of Oxford Planning Department.
    [Show full text]