'Structure and Function of African Floodplains"
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Wetlands of the Nile Basin the Many Eco for Their Liveli This Chapt Distribution, Functions and Contribution to Contribution Livelihoods They Provide
important role particular imp into wetlands budget (Sutch 11 in the Blue N icantly 1110difi Wetlands of the Nile Basin the many eco for their liveli This chapt Distribution, functions and contribution to contribution livelihoods they provide. activities, ane rainfall (i.e. 1 Lisa-Maria Rebelo and Matthew P McCartney climate chan: food securit; currently eX' arc under tb Key messages water resour support • Wetlands occur extensively across the Nile Basin and support the livelihoods ofmillions of related ;;ervi people. Despite their importance, there are big gaps in the knowledge about the current better evalu: status of these ecosystems, and how populations in the Nile use them. A better understand systematic I ing is needed on the ecosystem services provided by the difl:erent types of wetlands in the provide. Nile, and how these contribute to local livelihoods. • While many ofthe Nile's wetlands arc inextricably linked to agricultural production systems the basis for making decisions on the extent to which, and how, wetlands can be sustainably used for agriculture is weak. The Nile I: • Due to these infi)fl11atio!1 gaps, the future contribution of wetlands to agriculture is poorly the basin ( understood, and wetlands are otten overlooked in the Nile Basin discourse on water and both the E agriculture. While there is great potential for the further development of agriculture and marsh, fen, fisheries, in particular in the wetlands of Sudan and Ethiopia, at the same time many that is stat wetlands in the basin are threatened by poor management practices and populations. which at \, In order to ensure that the future use of wetlands for agriculture will result in net benefits (i.e. -
K&C 13 Wetland Theme Days Summary Laura Hess
K&C 13 Wetland Theme Days Summary Laura Hess Science Team meeting #13 JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 Post-Copenhagen Considerations (What Obama Faces in the U.S. Congress) “If we decrease the use of carbon dioxide, are we not taking away plant food from the atmosphere? . All our good intentions could be for vain.” Rep. John Shimkus (Illinois) “Wouldn’t it be ironic if in the interest of global warming we mandated massive switches to wind energy, which is a finite resource, which slows the winds down, which causes the temperature to go up? . It’s just something to think about.” Rep. Bill Posey (Florida) Source: “Who’s the Biggest FoolScience on the Team Hill?”, meeting Mother #13 Jones magazine, Jan/Feb 2010 JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 Mapping and Monitoring of Richard Mangroves and Wetlands Lucas Mangrove structural Mangrove change, 2000-2008, northern Australia types, Belize Science Team meeting #13, JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 Mapping Rice Paddies and Agroecological Bill Attributes in Monsoon Asia Salas Poyang Lake Paddy Crop Region, China Area Calendar Science Team meeting #13, JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 Wetlands of the Upper Lisa White Nile Rebelo Sudd Marshes Science Team meeting #13, JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 Central Amazon Wetlands Laura Inundation Periodicity Hess May 2007 (R) June-July 2007 (G) August 2007 (B) Science Team meeting #13, JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 Global Monitoring of Wetland Extent Kyle and Dynamics: Boreal Wetlands McDonald Science Team meeting #13, JAXA TKSC/RESTEC HQ, Tsukuba/Tokyo, January 18-22, 2010 K&C deliverables: Mangroves • A standardized object-orientated method for characterising mangroves and detecting change. -
The Economic, Cultural and Ecosystem Values of the Sudd Wetland in South Sudan: an Evolutionary Approach to Environment and Development
The Economic, Cultural and Ecosystem Values of the Sudd Wetland in South Sudan: An Evolutionary Approach to Environment and Development JOHN GOWDY HANNES LANG Professor of Economics and Professor of Science Research Associate & Technology Studies School of Life Sciences Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Technical University Munich Troy New York, 12180 USA 85354 Freising, Germany [email protected] [email protected] The Economic, Cultural and Ecosystem Values of the Sudd Wetland in South Sudan 1 Contents About the Authors ....................................................................................................................2 Key Findings of this Report .......................................................................................................3 I. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 4 II. The Sudd ............................................................................................................................ 8 III. Human Presence in the Sudd ..............................................................................................10 IV. Development Threats to the Sudd ........................................................................................ 11 V. Value Transfer as a Framework for Developing the Sudd Wetland ......................................... 15 VI. Maintaining the Ecosystem Services of the Sudd: An Evolutionary Approach to Development and the Environment ...........................................26 -
The Republic of South Sudan
THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN PRESENTATION ON AICHI BIODIVERSITY TARGET 5 THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN • Population of 11.3 million, 83% rural • Abundant natural resources, but very poor country, largely due to the 50 years of conflict Land cover map of 2011 Percent of land area agriculture 4% trees 33% shrubs 39% herbaceous plants 23% Significant habitats and wildlife populations Example: • Savannah and woodland ecosystems, wetlands (the Sudd) • Biodiversity hot spots: Imatong mountains. • WCS aerial Survey (2007 – 2010) found • 1.2 million white-eared kob and mongalla gazelle • 4000 Elephants and viable populations of other large bodied species. Drivers of loss of natural habitat and wildlife • 1973 – 2006: annual forest loss 2% per year • Underlying drivers of deforestation: demographic, economic, technological, policy, institutional and cultural factors • Biodiversity assets are threatened by escalating commercial poaching linked to population of fire arms, refugees returning, grazing, water scarcity, extractive industries for oil and minerals NATURAL HABITATS; INCLUDING FORESTS IN SOUTH SUDAN: - Low land forest. - Maintenance forest. - Savannah wood land. - Grass land savanna. - Flood plain. - Sudd swamps and other wetlands. - Semi-arid region WCS 2012 TABLE: SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL HABITATS: HABITATS IMPORTANCE THREATS NEW STEPS Lowland Manual: chimpanzees, • Communities • Assessment forest elephants, forest hug, • Insecurity • Management Bongo, Buffalo and • Illegal • Conservation practices forest monkeys. harvesting • Poaching Mountain Plants: Albizzia, • Farming • Law enforcement forest podocarpus • Hunting • Policies (9,000 km²) Animals: Bush pig, bush • Fire • Institutional framework bug, colobus monkeys, • Illegal logging Rich bird life. Protected area. Savannah Sited in the iron stone • Shifting • Community based wood land plateau. cultivation. management and Elephants, hippos, • Rehabilitation collaboration. -
7. Sudd Marshes Management Tools
k r o w t e N GIS Based Decision Support Tool g n for Sustainable Development i d l of SUDD Marshes Region i (SUDAN) u B y t i c a p a C n i s a B e l i N GIS Based Decision Support Tool for Sustainable Development of SUDD Marshes Region (SUDAN) “Key knowledge” By Mohamed El Shamy Eman Sayed Mamdouh Anter Ibrahim Babakir Muna El Hag Yasser Elwan Coordinated by Prof. Dr. Karima Attia Nile Research Institute, Egypt Scientific Advisor Prof. Roland K. Price UNESCO-IHE Dr. Zoltan Vekerdy ITC 2010 Produced by the Nile Basin Capacity Building Network (NBCBN-SEC) office Disclaimer The designations employed and presentation of material and findings through the publication don’t imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of NBCBN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Copies of NBCBN publications can be requested from: NBCBN-SEC Office Hydraulics Research Institute 13621, Delta Barrages, Cairo, Egypt Email: [email protected] Website: www.nbcbn.com Images on the cover page are property of the publisher © NBCBN 2010 Project Title Knowledge Networks for the Nile Basin Using the innovative potential of Knowledge Networks and CoP’s in strengthening human and institutional research capacity in the Nile region. Implementing Leading Institute UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands (UNESCO-IHE) Partner Institutes Ten selected Universities and Ministries of Water Resources from Nile Basin Countries. Project Secretariat Office Hydraulics Research Institute – Cairo - Egypt Beneficiaries Water Sector Professionals and Institutions in the Nile Basin Countries Short Description The idea of establishing a Knowledge Network in the Nile region emerged after encouraging experiences with the first Regional Training Centre on River Engineering in Cairo since 1996. -
Determinants of Spatio Temporal Variability of Water Quality in The
© University of Hamburg 2018 All rights reserved Klaus Hess Publishers Göttingen & Windhoek www.k-hess-verlag.de ISBN: 978-3-933117-95-3 (Germany), 978-99916-57-43-1 (Namibia) Language editing: Will Simonson (Cambridge), and Proofreading Pal Translation of abstracts to Portuguese: Ana Filipa Guerra Silva Gomes da Piedade Page desing & layout: Marit Arnold, Klaus A. Hess, Ria Henning-Lohmann Cover photographs: front: Thunderstorm approaching a village on the Angolan Central Plateau (Rasmus Revermann) back: Fire in the miombo woodlands, Zambia (David Parduhn) Cover Design: Ria Henning-Lohmann ISSN 1613-9801 Printed in Germany Suggestion for citations: Volume: Revermann, R., Krewenka, K.M., Schmiedel, U., Olwoch, J.M., Helmschrot, J. & Jürgens, N. (eds.) (2018) Climate change and adaptive land management in southern Africa – assessments, changes, challenges, and solutions. Biodiversity & Ecology, 6, Klaus Hess Publishers, Göttingen & Windhoek. Articles (example): Archer, E., Engelbrecht, F., Hänsler, A., Landman, W., Tadross, M. & Helmschrot, J. (2018) Seasonal prediction and regional climate projections for southern Africa. In: Climate change and adaptive land management in southern Africa – assessments, changes, challenges, and solutions (ed. by Revermann, R., Krewenka, K.M., Schmiedel, U., Olwoch, J.M., Helmschrot, J. & Jürgens, N.), pp. 14–21, Biodiversity & Ecology, 6, Klaus Hess Publishers, Göttingen & Windhoek. Corrections brought to our attention will be published at the following location: http://www.biodiversity-plants.de/biodivers_ecol/biodivers_ecol.php Biodiversity & Ecology Journal of the Division Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecology of Plants, Institute for Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg Volume 6: Climate change and adaptive land management in southern Africa Assessments, changes, challenges, and solutions Edited by Rasmus Revermann1, Kristin M. -
Locking Carbon in Wetlands for Enhanced Climate Action in Ndcs Acknowledgments Authors: Nureen F
Locking Carbon in Wetlands for Enhanced Climate Action in NDCs Acknowledgments Authors: Nureen F. Anisha, Alex Mauroner, Gina Lovett, Arthur Neher, Marcel Servos, Tatiana Minayeva, Hans Schutten and Lucilla Minelli Reviewers: James Dalton (IUCN), Hans Joosten (Greifswald Mire Centre), Dianna Kopansky (UNEP), John Matthews (AGWA), Tobias Salathe (Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands), Eugene Simonov (Rivers Without Boundaries), Nyoman Suryadiputra (Wetlands International), Ingrid Timboe (AGWA) This document is a joint product of the Alliance for Global Water Adaptation (AGWA) and Wetlands International. Special Thanks The report was made possible by support from the Sector Program for Sustainable Water Policy of Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) of the Federal Republic of Germany. The authors would also like to thank the Greifswald Mire Centre for sharing numerous resources used throughout the report. Suggested Citation Anisha, N.F., Mauroner, A., Lovett, G., Neher, A., Servos, M., Minayeva, T., Schutten, H. & Minelli, L. 2020.Locking Carbon in Wetlands for Enhanced Climate Action in NDCs. Corvallis, Oregon and Wageningen, The Netherlands: Alliance for Global Water Adaptation and Wetlands International. Table of Contents Foreword by Norbert Barthle 4 Foreword by Carola van Rijnsoever 5 Foreword by Martha Rojas Urrego 6 1. A Global Agenda for Climate Mitigation and Adaptation 7 1. 1. Achieving the Goals of the Paris Agreement 7 1.2. An Opportunity to Address Biodiversity and GHG Emissions Targets Simultaneously 8 2. Integrating Wetlands in NDC Commitments 9 2.1. A Time for Action: Wetlands and NDCs 9 2.2. Land Use as a Challenge and Opportunity 10 2.3. -
Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Islands Conservation, Management and Sustainable Use
Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and its Islands Conservation, Management and Sustainable Use Occasional Papers of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 6 IUCN - The World Conservation Union IUCN Species Survival Commission Role of the SSC The Species Survival Commission (SSC) is IUCN's primary source of the 4. To provide advice, information, and expertise to the Secretariat of the scientific and technical information required for the maintenance of biologi- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna cal diversity through the conservation of endangered and vulnerable species and Flora (CITES) and other international agreements affecting conser- of fauna and flora, whilst recommending and promoting measures for their vation of species or biological diversity. conservation, and for the management of other species of conservation con- cern. Its objective is to mobilize action to prevent the extinction of species, 5. To carry out specific tasks on behalf of the Union, including: sub-species and discrete populations of fauna and flora, thereby not only maintaining biological diversity but improving the status of endangered and • coordination of a programme of activities for the conservation of bio- vulnerable species. logical diversity within the framework of the IUCN Conservation Programme. Objectives of the SSC • promotion of the maintenance of biological diversity by monitoring 1. To participate in the further development, promotion and implementation the status of species and populations of conservation concern. of the World Conservation Strategy; to advise on the development of IUCN's Conservation Programme; to support the implementation of the • development and review of conservation action plans and priorities Programme' and to assist in the development, screening, and monitoring for species and their populations. -
Effects of Human Activities on the Hydrology And
EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE HYDROLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF CHASSA DAMBO IN SINDA AREA, EASTERN PROVINCE, ZAMBIA by Khadija Mvula A dissertation submitted to the University of Zambia in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science in Geography University of Zambia Lusaka 2015 DECLARATION I, Khadija Mvula, declare that this dissertation represents my own work and that it has not been submitted for a degree, diploma or other qualification at this or any other University. Name: __________________________________________ Signature: _______________________________________ Date: ___________________________________________ ii COPYRIGHT All rights reserved. No part of this dissertation may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means; electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing from the Author or the University of Zambia. (C) Khadija Mvula 2015 iii APPROVAL iv ABSTRACT Dambos are depressions that are waterlogged and grass covered and these are surrounded by savanna woodland. In Zambia, there is no clear legislation on the protection, conservation and management of wetlands including dambos. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the physical characteristics of Chassa dambo in Sinda, Eastern Province of Zambia and assess how these characteristics have been affected by human activities for the purpose of finding a lasting solution. The objectives were to: (i) describe the physical characteristics of Chassa dambo in terms of geomorphology, morphology, soils, hydrology, ecology and vegetation cover; (ii) determine the uses of Chassa dambo and the agricultural activities in the area; (iii) assess the effects of human activities on the geomorphology, morphology, soils, hydrology, ecology and vegetation cover of Chassa dambo; and (iv) to assess ways for sustainable use of Chassa dambo. -
Annotated Bibliography
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPY OF SELECTED PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO HYDROLOGIC EFFECTS OF WET MEADOW RESTORATION IN THE SIERRA NEVADA DRAFT VERSION 1.5 Revised August 19, 2011 Barry Hill, Hydrologist, USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Introduction Meadow restoration has many potential benefits, including improved water quality, streamflow regimen, flood attenuation, aquatic and terrestrial habitats, aesthetics, and forage production, and reduction of forest fuels. Although most of these benefits enjoy wide public support, the effects of restoration on downstream surface flows remain controversial owing to the temporary retention and increased evapotranspiration of water in restored meadow aquifers. Restoration of eroded wet meadows in the Sierra Nevada is a goal of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region. The National Environmental Policy Act requires that the “best available science” be used to assess potential effects of proposed restoration projects on National Forests. This bibliography summarizes selected references that may be useful for analyzing the effects of proposed meadow restoration projects on downstream baseflows. It is intended to aid National Forest hydrologists on interdisciplinary teams charged with analyzing effects of alternative approaches to meadow restoration, and to provide background information for our ongoing meadow hydrology assessment in the Sierra Nevada. This bibliography is divided into 9 major topics (A to I). Each major topic has a short introductory paragraph. Titles within each topic are listed alphabetically by author and numbered sequentially for ease of reference. For each publication, I have provided a web link and a brief summary of results relevant to effects of restoration on streamflow. Publications are listed under only a single major topic, but may have relevance for others as well. -
Floodplains in Zambia: the Scope for Shallow Well 16Development Overview Paper Irrigation Spate 1
Floodplains in Zambia: The Scope for Shallow Well 16Development Overview Paper Spate Irrigation Paper Overview 1. Introduction This paper looks at the potential of flood wells development in the floodplains of Zambia. It starts with an overview of the Zambian water resources (chapter 2), then it gives a detailed overview of the hydrological system, land use and agricultural production in the floodplains (chapter 3), analyses the geo-hydrological suitability of the floodplains for drilling (chapter 4), describe the stakeholders involved (chapter 5) and concludes with analyzing the feasibility of the floodplains to implement flood wells. Overview Paper #16 Overview Paper 2. Water Resources of Zambia Figure 1: Location dambos / floodplains Source: Zambia’s total renewable water resources are AGWatersolutions 2012) estimated at 163.4 km3/yr. Water withdrawals for agriculture currently stand at 1.7 km3/yr. 3. Floodplain Overview Zambia has an irrigation potential of 2.75 Mha but only 156,000 ha are currently being irrigated In Zambia, floodplains and associated habitat (MACO/FAO 2004). include: Deep groundwater is mostly abstracted through 1) the Barotse Flood plain on the Upper boreholes, while shallow groundwater is accessed Zambezi River in Western Province; through hand dug wells, scoop holes and springs. 2) the Kafue Flats and Lukanga Swamp in the There is limited use of groundwater lifting devices Kafue River Basin; in Zambia. Its applicability depends on the depth 3) the Bangweulu swamps around Lake to the water source, availability of energy source, Bangweulu; operation and maintenance cost of the equipment, 4) the Mweru Wantipa swamps; the purpose/water use, and other socio-economic 5) Lake Mweru- Luapula Swamp in Luapula factors such as family income and size (Nonde Province. -
Factors That Affect Abundance and Distribution of Submerged and // Floating Macrophytes in Lake Naivasha, Kenya
FACTORS THAT AFFECT ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SUBMERGED AND // FLOATING MACROPHYTES IN LAKE NAIVASHA, KENYA Ngari, A. N. (B.Sc. Hons.) * A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for degree of Master of Science in the University of Nairobi. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science. Nairobi-Kenya 2005 University of NAIROBI Library f o 0524687 1 Plate 1. A photograph of shoreline of Lake Naivasha with principal emergent vegetation, the Giant sedge (Cyperus papyrus L.), floating macrophyte, water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms] and associated vegetation and aquatic birds at the background. (Photograph by the author-April 2003.) ii Declaration I, Ngari, A. N., do here declare that this is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other institution. All sources of information have been acknowledged by means of reference. -fa /{K Ngari, A. N. Date This thesis has been submitted with our approval as the University supervisors: 1. Prof. J. I. Kinyamario, Department of Botany, Signature: 2. Prof. M. J. Ntiba, Department Signature: Date: '•v,1,:.! \.~2 < c > 3. Prof. K. M. Mavuti, Department of Zoology, Signature Date:...... ... \.r in Dedication To Ngari (dad), Liberata (mum) and Runji (uncle). Acknowledgements I wish to thank my supervisors Prof. J. I. Kinyamario, Prof. M. J. Ntiba and Prof. K. M. Mavuti for giving me vital guidance throughout the study. My study at the University of Nairobi and this research were supported by the kind courtesy of VLIR-IUC-UoN programme for which I am greatly indebted. Special thanks go to the Director of Fisheries, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development for giving me permission to work in Lake Naivasha.