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JNCC/Cefas Partnership Report No. 29 JNCC/Cefas Partnership Report Series Report No. 29 East of Haig Fras Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) Monitoring Report 2015 Clare, D., Downie, A., Hawes, J. & Langton, B. May 2020 © Crown Copyright 2020 ISSN 2051-6711 East of Haig Fras Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) Monitoring Report 2015 Clare, D., Downie, A., Hawes, J. & Langton, B. May 2020 © Crown Copyright 2020 ISSN 2051-6711 For further information please contact: Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY www.jncc.gov.uk Marine Monitoring Team ([email protected]) This report should be cited as: Clare, D., Downie, A., Hawes, J. & Langton, B. (2020). East of Haig Fras Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) Monitoring Report. JNCC/Cefas Partnership Report No. 29. JNCC, Peterborough, ISSN 2051-6711, Crown Copyright. EQA: This report is compliant with the JNCC Evidence Quality Assurance Policy https://jncc.gov.uk/about-jncc/corporate-information/evidence-quality-assurance/. Acknowledgements: We thank the Marine Protected Areas Survey Coordination and Evidence Group (MPAG) representatives for reviewing earlier drafts of this report. Funded by: Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) Marine and Fisheries Directorate Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Please Note: This work was delivered by Cefas and JNCC on behalf of the Marine Protected Areas Survey Coordination & Evidence Delivery Group (MPAG) and sponsored by Defra. MPAG was established in November 2012 and continued until March 2020. MPAG, was originally established to deliver evidence for Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs) recommended for designation. In 2016, the programme of work was refocused towards delivering the evolving requirements for Marine Protected Area (MPA) data and evidence gathering to inform the assessment of the condition of designated sites and features by SNCBs, in order to inform Secretary of State reporting to Parliament. MPAG was primarily comprised of members from Defra and its delivery bodies which have MPA evidence and monitoring budgets and/or survey capability. Members included representatives from Defra, JNCC, Natural England, Cefas, the Environment Agency, the Inshore Fisheries Conservation Authorities (IFCAs) and the Marine Management Organisation (MMO)). Since 2010, offshore MPA surveys and associated reporting have been delivered by JNCC and Cefas through a JNCC\Cefas Partnership Agreement (which remained the vehicle for delivering the offshore survey work funded by MPAG between 2012 and 2020). Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Site overview .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Existing data and habitat maps ............................................................................... 4 1.3 Aims and objectives ................................................................................................ 4 1.3.1 High-level conservation objectives ................................................................... 4 1.3.2 Definition of favourable condition ..................................................................... 4 1.3.3 Report aims and objectives .............................................................................. 5 1.3.4 Reporting sub-objectives ................................................................................. 5 2 Methods ........................................................................................................................ 7 2.1 Survey design ......................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Data acquisition and processing ............................................................................. 8 2.2.1 Seabed imagery ............................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Grab sampling ................................................................................................. 9 2.3 Data preparation and analysis ................................................................................ 9 2.3.1 Tidal model production ..................................................................................... 9 2.3.2 Sediment particle size distribution .................................................................. 10 2.3.3 Biological data preparation............................................................................. 10 2.3.4 Biological data analysis .................................................................................. 11 3 Results and Interpretation ......................................................................................... 14 3.1 Benthic and environmental overview ..................................................................... 14 3.1.1 Hydrodynamics: energy and exposure ........................................................... 14 3.1.2 Broadscale Habitat (BSH): extent and distribution ......................................... 14 3.2 Subtidal rock BSH: Physical and biological structure ............................................ 18 3.2.1 Rock composition and distribution .................................................................. 18 3.2.2 Biological structure of epifauna ...................................................................... 20 3.3 Subtidal sediment BSH: Physical and biological structure ..................................... 23 3.3.1 Sediment composition and distribution ........................................................... 23 3.3.2 Biological structure of epifauna ...................................................................... 24 3.3.3 Biological structure of infauna ........................................................................ 28 3.3.4 Grab gear comparison ................................................................................... 38 3.4 Features of Conservation Importance (FOCI) ....................................................... 39 3.4.1 Habitat Features of Conservation Importance (FOCI) .................................... 39 3.4.2 Species Features of Conservation Importance (FOCI) ................................... 42 3.5 Non-indigenous species (NIS) .............................................................................. 42 4 Discussion .................................................................................................................. 43 4.1 Benthic and environmental overview ..................................................................... 43 4.2 Subtidal rock BSH: Physical and biological structure ............................................ 43 4.3 Subtidal sediment BSH: Sediment composition and biological structure ............... 45 4.4 Implications for future monitoring .......................................................................... 46 4.4.1 Seabed imagery acquisition ........................................................................... 46 4.4.2 Observed physical and biological structure of BSHs ...................................... 47 4.4.3 Grab gear comparison ................................................................................... 49 4.5 Habitat Features of Conservation Importance (FOCI) ........................................... 49 4.6 Species Features of Conservation Importance (FOCI) .......................................... 50 4.7 Non-indigenous species (NIS) .............................................................................. 50 5 Recommendations for future monitoring ................................................................. 51 6 References ................................................................................................................. 54 Annex 1. Selection of still images for quantitative analysis .......................................... 58 Annex 2. Epifauna data truncation protocol applied to seabed imagery data. ............. 62 Annex 3. Infauna data truncation protocol. ..................................................................... 66 Annex 4. Non-indigenous species (NIS). ......................................................................... 70 Annex 5. Output from analysis of univariate biotic indices for infauna ........................ 73 Annex 6. Burrow density of burrowing megafauna ........................................................ 75 Annex 7. Acknowledgement ............................................................................................. 76 Tables Table 1. East of Haig Fras MCZ site overview........................................................................................ 2 Table 2. Survey elements and report outputs aligned with the feature attributes and supporting processes. ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Table 3. Confusion matrices examining resemblance between BSH classes mapped based on 2012 and 2013 data and a. 2015 grab sampling and b. 2015 video sampling. ............................................. 16 Table 4. R values from pairwise ANOSIM tests of differences in epifaunal community composition (on the SACFOR scale of abundance) in relation to Broadscale Habitat (BSH). ....................................... 25 Table 5. R values from pairwise ANOSIM tests of differences in infaunal community composition (based on loge (x+1)-transformed taxa abundances) in relation to sediment
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