Guidelines for Monitoring Autophagy in Higher Eukaryotes

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Guidelines for Monitoring Autophagy in Higher Eukaryotes Guidelines for the Use and Interpretation of Assays for Monitoring Autophagy (2nd edition) Daniel J Klionsky,1,2,* Kotb Abdelmohsen, Akihisa Abe, Md. Joynal Abedin, Hagai Abeliovich, Abraham Acevedo Arozena, Hiroaki Adachi, Christopher M Adams, Peter D Adams, Khosrow Adeli, Peter J. Adhihetty, Sharon G Adler, Galila Agam, Rajesh Agarwal, Manish K Aghi, Maria Agnello, Patrizia Agostinis, Julio Aguirre-Ghiso, Slimane Ait-Si-Ali, Takahiko Akematsu, Emmanuel T Akporiaye, Mohamed Al-Rubeai, Guillermo M Albaiceta, Diego Albani, Matthew L Albert, Jesus Aldudo, Hana Algül, Mehrdad Alirezaei, Iraide Alloza, Alexandru Almasan, Emad S Alnemri, Covadonga Alonso, Dario C Altieri, Lydia Alvarez-Erviti, Sandro Alves, Giuseppina Amadoro, Atsuo Amano, Consuelo Amantini, Santiago Ambrosio, Amal O Amer, Mohamed Amessou, Angelika Amon, Frank A. Anania, Stig U Andersen, Usha P Andley, Catherine K Andreadi, Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie, Alberto Anel, David K Ann, Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie, Hiroshi Aoki, Nadezda Apostolova, Saveria Aquila, Katia Aquilano, Koichi Araki, Eli Arama, Jun Araya, Alexandre Arcaro, Esperanza Arias, Hirokazu Arimoto, Aileen R Ariosa, Thierry Arnould, Ivica Arsov, Valerie Askanas, Eric Asselin, Ryuichiro Atarashi, Julie D Atkin, Laura D Attardi, Patrick Auberger, Georg Auburger, Laure Aurelian, Riccardo Autelli, Laura Avagliano, Maria Laura Avantaggiati, Laura Avagliano, Limor Avrahami, Tiziana Bachetti, Jonathan M Backer, Dong-Hun Bae, Ok-Nam Bae, Soo Han Bae, Eric H Baehrecke, Seung-Hoon Baek, Stephen Baghdiguian, Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna, Hua Bai, Xue-Yuan Bai, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji, Walter Balduini, Andrea Ballabio, Rena Balzan, Rajkumar 1 Banerjee, Gábor Bánhegyi, Haijun Bao, Esther Barreiro, Bonnie Bartel, Alberto Bartolomé, Diane C Bassham, Maria Teresa Bassi, Robert C Bast, Jr, Henri Batoko, Maurizio Battino, Kyle Bauckman, K Ulrich Bayer, Jean-François Beaulieu, George R Beck Jr, J David Beckham, Patrick J Bednarski, Thomas J Begley, Christian Behl, Kevin E Behrns, Eloy Bejarano, Amine Belaid, Francesca Belleudi, Guy Berchem, Daniele Bergamaschi, Matteo Bergami, Ben Berkhout, Laura Berliocchi, Amélie Bernard, Monique Bernard, Amanda S Bess, Sébastien Besteiro, Savita Bhalla, Sujit K Bhutia, Michele Wolfe Bianchi, Martine Biard-Piechaczyk, Claudia Bincoletto, Sara W Bird, Marc Bitoun, Guillermo A Blanco, Heidi Kiil Blomhoff, Emilio Boada-Romero, Stefan Böckler, Marianne Boes, Andrea Boman, Paolo Bonaldo, Jürgen Bosch, Marina Bouché, Marion Bouchecareilh, Sebastien G Bouret, Patricia Boya, Michaël Boyer-Guittaut, Peter Bozhkov, Vania MM Braga, Claudio Brancolini, Gerhard H Braus, José M Bravo-San Pedro, Lisa A Brennan, Emery H Bresnick, Patrick Brest, Marie-Agnès Bringer, Marisa Brini, Glauber C Brito, Paul S Brookes, Karen Brown, Alain Bruhat, Patricia Chakur Brum, John H Brumell, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Hikmet Budak, Dmitry V Bulavin, Scott J Bultman, Geert Bultynck, Yan Burelle, Robert E Burke, Laura Caberlotto, Ken Cadwell, Dongsheng Cai, Nadine Camougrand, Michelangelo Campanella, Grant R Campbell, Matthew Campbell, Silvia Campello, Isabella Caniggia, Lavinia Cantoni, Lizhi Cao, Allan B Caplan, Michele Caraglia, Claudio Cardinali, Sandra Morais Cardoso, Laura A Carleton, Silvia Carloni, Sven R Carlsson, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Leticia AM Carneiro, Serena Carra, Alice Carrier, Bernadette Carroll, Caty Casas, Giuliana Cassinelli, Perrine Castets, Susana Castro-Obregon, Gabriella Cavallini, Isabella Ceccherini, Francesco Cecconi, Valentín Ceña, Simone Cenci, Davide Cervia, Silvia 2 Cetrullo, Hassan Chaachouay, Han-Jung Chae, Chee-Yin Chai, Edmond YW Chan, Dhyan Chandra, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang, Gopal Chakrabarti, Pallavi Chandra, Chih-Peng Chang, Saurabh Chatterjee, Yongsheng Che, Michael E Cheetham, Rajkumar Cheluvappa, Chun-Jung Chen, Gang Chen, Gang Chen, Guang-Chao Chen, Guoqiang Chen, Hongzhuan Chen, Jeff W Chen, Jian-Kang Chen, Mingzhou Chen, Peiwen Chen, Qi Chen, Quan Chen, Shang-Der Chen, Si Chen, Steve S-L Chen, Wei Chen, Wenli Chen, Xiangmei Chen, Ye-Guang Chen, Yingyu Chen, Yongshun Chen, Yu-Jen Chen, Yujie Chen, Zhen Chen, Zhong Chen, Christopher HK Cheng, Hua Cheng, Heesun Cheong, Chun Hei Antonio Cheung, Hsiang Cheng Chi, Sung-Gil Chi, Fulvio Chiacchiera, Hui-Ling Chiang, Roberto Chiarelli, Mario Chiariello, Lih-Shen Chin, Gigi NC Chiu, Dong-Hyung Cho, Ssang-Goo Cho, William C Cho, Yong-Yeon Cho, Young- Seok Cho, Augustine MK Choi, Eui-Ju Choi, Eun-Kyoung Choi, Jayoung Choi, Mary E Choi, Seung-Il Choi, Tsui-Fen Chou, Salem Chouaib, Divaker Choubey, Vinay Choubey, Kuan-Chih Chow, Kamal Chowdhury, Charleen T Chu, Tsung-Hsien Chuang, Taehoon Chun, Taijoon Chung, Yong-Joon Chwae, Roberto Ciarcia, Iwona A Ciechomska, Maria Rosa Ciriolo, Mara Cirone, Joan Clària, Peter GH Clarke, Robert Clarke, Emilio Clementi, Cédric Cleyrat, Miriam Cnop, Eliana M Coccia, Tiziana Cocco, Jörn Coers, Ezra EW Cohen, David Colecchia, Núria S Coll, Emma Colucci-Guyon, Sergio Comincini, Maria Condello, Graham H Coombs, Cynthia D Cooper, J Mark Cooper, Isabelle Coppens, Marco Corazzari, Ramon Corbalan, Mario D Cordero, Cristina Corral- Ramos, Olga Corti, Andrea Cossarizza, Paola Costelli, Safia Costes, Ana Coto-Montes, Sandra Cottet, Eduardo Couve, Lori R Covey, Carolyn B Coyne, Mark S Cragg, Rolf J Craven, Tiziana Crepaldi, Jose L Crespo, Ana Maria Cuervo, Jose M Cuezva, Pedro R 3 Cutillas, Mark J Czaja, Maria F Czyzyk-Krzeska, Ruben K Dagda, Uta Dahmen, Chunsun Dai, Yun Dai, Kevin N Dalby, Luisa Dalla Valle, Guillaume Dalmasso, Marcello D’Amelio, Markus Damme, Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud, Victor M Darley- Usmar, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Srikanta Dash, Crispin R Dass, Hazel Marie Davey, Lester M Davids, David Dávila, Roger J Davis, Ted M Dawson, Valina L Dawson, Paula Daza, Jackie de Belleroche, Paul de Figueiredo, Regina Celia Bressan Queiroz de Figueiredo, José de la Fuente, Luisa De Martino, Guido RY De Meyer, Angelo De Milito, Mauro De Santi, Jayanta Debnath, Reinhard Dechant, Jean-Paul Decuypere, Shane Deegan, Benjamin Dehay, Barbara Del Bello, Régis Delage-Mourroux, Lea MD Delbridge, Elizabeth Delorme-Axford, Yizhen Deng, Joern Dengjel, Melanie Denizot, Paul Dent, Vojo Deretic, Eric Deutsch, Timothy P Devarenne, Rodney J Devenish, Abhinav Diwan, Sabrina Di Bartolomeo, Nicola Di Daniele, Fabio Di Domenico, Alessia Di Nardo, Antonio Di Pietro, Aaron DiAntonio, Guillermo Díaz-Araya, Ines Díaz-Laviada, Maria T Diaz-Meco, Javier Diaz-Nido, Chad A Dickey, Robert C Dickson, Marc Diederich, Paul Digard, Ivan Dikic, Savithrama P Dinesh-Kumar, Chan Ding, Wen-Xing Ding, Luciana Dini, Jörg HW Distler, Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny, Kostyantyn Dmytruk, Renwick CJ Dobson, Karol Dokladny, Kelly S Doran, Gabriella D'Orazi, Isabelle Dugail, Svetlana Dokudovskaya, Massimo Donadelli, X Charlie Dong, Terrence M Donohue Jr, Gerald W Dorn II, Victor Dosenko, Liat Drucker, André du Toit, Li-Lin Du, Lihuan Du, Priyamvada Dua, Lei Duan, Michael R Duchen, Michel A Duchosal, Isabelle Dugail, Verónica I Dumit, Mara C Duncan, William A Dunn Jr, Thomas M Durcan, Stéphane Duvezin-Caubet, Umamaheswar Duvvuri, Vinay Eapen, Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Arnaud Echard, Charles L Edelstein, Aimee L Edinger, Ludwig Eichinger, Tobias 4 Eisenberg, Avital Eisenberg-Lerner, N Tony Eissa, Wafik S El-Deiry, Victoria El- Khoury, Hagit Eldar-Finkelman, Enzo Emanuele, Nikolai Engedal, Anna-Mart Engelbrecht, Simone Engelender, Jorrit M Enserink, Ralf Erdmann, Jekaterina Erenpreisa, Andreja Erman, Ricardo Escalante, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Lucile Espert, Lorena Esteban-Martínez, Thomas J Evans, Gemma Fabrias, Cinzia Fabrizi, Antonio Facchiano, Alberto Faggioni, Chunhai Fan, Daping Fan, Shengyun Fang, Manolis Fanto, Alessandro Fanzani, Mathias Faure, Francois B Favier, Howard Fearnhead, Massimo Federici, Erkang Fei, Tania C Felizardo, Hua Feng, Yibin Feng, Yuchen Feng, Thomas A Ferguson, Álvaro F Fernández , Maite G Fernandez-Barrena, Jose C Fernandez-Checa, Martin E Fernandez-Zapico, Elisabetta Ferraro, Carmen Veríssima Ferreira-Halder, Laszlo Fesus, Ralph Feuer, Fabienne C Fiesel, Giuseppe Filomeni, Eduardo C Filippi- Chiela, Gian Maria Fimia, Toren Finkel, Filomena Fiorito, Paul B Fisher, Marc Flajolet, Flavio Flamigni, Oliver Florey, Salvatore Florio, R Andres Floto, Marco Folini, Carlo Follo, Edward A Fon, Francesco Fornai, Franco Fortunato, Alessandro Fraldi, Rodrigo Franco, Arnaud Francois, Aurélie François, Iain DC Fraser, Damien G Freyssenet, Scott L Friedman, Daniel E Frigo, Dongxu Fu, José M Fuentes, Juan Fueyo, Yuuki Fujiwara, Mikihiro Fujiya, Mitsunori Fukuda, Simone Fulda, Carmela Fusco, Matthias Gaestel, Philippe Gailly, Malgorzata Gajewska, Gad Galili, Maria F Galindo, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Luca Galluzzi, Vincent Galy, Sam Gandy, Anand K Ganesan, Swamynathan Ganesan, Fen-Biao Gao, 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