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1304 OONGRESSIONA.L RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, clerks if that be the fact; but it will be an expression of the will of name was not mentioned by him, but it is inserted in the RECORD. the Senate in the first place, and of Congress, that something shall be I presumed that his animadversion was directed at another colleague, done. It is recognition of the magnitude of this issue. who had that day in some way charged Georgia officials with dere I am not willing either to say that the present Commissioner of liction of duty. Pensions is the only man in the United States who can handle two His remarks as applicable to me were unprovoked and were un hundred examiners and a corresponding number of clerks. If we give parliamentary to a degree of coarseness. I had not arraigned any these clerks we shall have more business transacted in the office, and body for a." dereliction of duty." Nothing I had said could be con suppose it is only a small percentage of the amount which ought to be strued into such an arraignment. It is true that I had differed with transacted, it is still a step in the right direction, and it is superior in my colleague on the Morgan. joint resolution, and I simply expressed my judO'ment to the bill which was offered by the Pensions Committee, that difference, and claimed that the resolution adopted by the House especially for sparsely settled sections of the country. One single on Saturday was entirely satisfactory to me. I mentioned also that district in my State has over forty counties in it. It would not be pos I, together with my colleagues who voted against the first resolu sible for any court traveling to hold sufficient sessions in any of the tion, had been criticised by the partisan press. counties in that district to transact the business with any degree of But sir, I repeat that I said nothing which could be construed, speed whatever. That court would have to wait for the instructions even by th~ most irritable and querulous, into an arraignment of of the Commissioner of Pensions at every step. As to the taking of anybody for a dereliction of duty. A gentleman of discrimination testimony elsewhere in regard to cases pending before the court in can easily recognize a difference of opinion entirely consistent with any county, it could not act except upon his request, and so on. the highest sense of duty in all the parties concerned. And so, sir, Everything would have to be drawn through that one conduit, and it is my privilege to say that my colleague has placed a construction that would have been sufficient to obstruct it just as completely as on my remarks which is most unwarrantable. And, sir, the gentleman the business is obstructed now. did not stop there. While he was up he took occasion to regale the I believe that by the adoption of this amendment, if it shall be House with a choice selection from his 1·epm·toil·e of other people's adopted, we shall arrive at a more rapid disposition of these cases. satire, at the expense of those of us in Georgia who have the temerity I believe it will be regarded as mandatory on the Commissioner of to dissent from his notions of proper party methods. Pensions-if not by the present Commissioner, then by the new one I desire- to dispose of this business more rapidly. I think myself it is the Said he, with classical playfulness- least the Senate can do as an expression of its judgment on that as I am in the line of quoting authorities, in reply to the suggestion of the gentle which has become not only a scandal but a great wrong. man that the independent is always right and everybody else is wrong, to quote The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is whether the amend a declaration from Coke's Institutes, made many vears ago of course. . ment offered by the Senator from Kansa-s is in order. Lord Coke in the Fourth Institute draws a. parallel between a useful member of Parliament-one possessed of all ''properties a Parliament man should have' '-and The question being taken by yeas and nays, resulted-yeas 31, nays the Solomon of the bestial world, to wit, the elephant. "Every member of the 24 ; as follows : Rouse," he.says, "being. a counselor, should have t.hiee properties of the elephant: YEAS-31. first, that he hath no gau; secondly, that he is infio::rible and cannot bow; thirdly, Allison, Dawes, Logan, Rollins, that he is of a most npe and perfect memory." * * * We will add two other Blair, Ferry, 1\.Ic¥illan, Saunders, properti.es of the elephant-the one that t.lie elephant is philanthropos, h Jmini :Bruce, Hampton, McPherson, Tel!er, erranti viam ostendit-a vhilanthropist who showed the wanderer his road- :Burnside, Roar, Pendleton, Thurman, Said the gentleman, handsomely translating the dead tongue for Butler, Ingalls, Platt, Vance, those whom Sydney Smith would call the" Agricolous members." Cameron of Pa., Johnston, Plumb, Voorhees, Conkling, Jones of Nevada, Randolph, Windom. The other, that though they be maximce virtutis et mazimi intellectu.s, of greatest Davis of Tilinois, Kirkwood, Ransom, strength and understanding- NAYS-2t. Again translating- Bailey, Eaton, Jonas, Pugh, tamen aregatim semper incedunt- Beck, Edmunds, Kernan, Saulsbury, Booth, Farley, Lamar, Slater, A.nd here the gentleman supplies, with much liberality, his :final translation- Cameron of Wis., Garland, McDonald, Vest1 Coke, Harris, :Maxey, Williams, yet they are sociable and go in companies. Davis of W.Va., Hereford, Morgan, Withers. Sociable creatures that go in fiocks or herds are not hurtful, as deer. sheep, &c., A:BSENT-21. but beasts that walk solely or singularly, as bears, foxes, &c., are daD.gerous and hurtful. fGreat laughter.J And these properties ought every Parliament man to Anthony, Carpenter, Rill of Georgia, Walker, have." (Heard's Curiosities of the Law Reporters, page183.) · Baldwin, Cockrell, Jones of Florida, Wallace, Bayard, Groome, Kello~~· Whyte. Now, sir, I made no such suggestion as that he imputes to me. I Blaine, Grover, Morrill, did not suggest that the independent is always right. I simply main Brown, Hamlin Paddock, Call, Hill of Colorado, Sharon, · tained, as it was entirely proper and legitimate for me to do, that I was right on the particular question mentioned and about which I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment is decided to be in have been criticised. I confess, too, Mr. Speaker, that whenever I order. The question now is on the adoption of the amendment. had been in the habit of regarding the shapely intellectual and :Mr. THURMAN. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera physical proportions of my colleague I had never detected so many tion of executive business. points of similitude between him and the lordly elephant. Indeed, Mr. DAVIS, of Illinois. I move that the Senate adjourn. It is too sir, I have seen nothing of the elephant iu his make-up. Those who late to go into executive session now. know him best will, however, recognize some of the attributes which The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Illinois moves that Lord Coke mentions. He has no gall. Not he. He is inflexible and the Senate do now adjourn. cannot bow. The elephant too, I may remark, is no inexpert trump The motion was agreed to; and (at five o'clock and twenty min eter-for himself. But since the gentleman has humorously likened utes p. m.) the Senate adjourned. me to the solitary species of the jerre natttrre, I will be pardoned for saying that there are gregarious and sociable animals which, to my mind, much more vigorously suggest and typify the gentleman. than the elephant, whose characteristics he would emulate. There, sir, stands that native-born American citizen, G-ttliellmus caprioornuB. He HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. too is gregarious, and while the elephant, I beg pardon, the gentle man from Georgia, would be but a baby elephant in a herd of these :ilioND.A.Y, Febru,ary 1, 1881. sociable mammals, he might most readily be mistaken for a patriarch The House met at eleven o'clock a.m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. of distinction in society with the sportive and frolicsome goat. And W. P. HA.RRISON D. D. so let me in this way gently suggest to the gentleman that his gregari 1 ous illustration is not alway. felicitous. The Journal ot Saturday was read and approved. Mr. HATCH. I rise to a question of order. PERSONAL EXPLANATION. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Mr. SPEER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a question of personal privilege. l\fr. HATCH. I insist that this is not a question of privilege. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Mr. HAMMOND, of Georgia. I hope the gentleman will not be in Mr. SPEER. Mr. Speaker, in the RECORD of Saturday's proceed terrupted. Please let him proceed. ings I find that my colleague, Mr. HAM:Uo:m>, has reflected on me, Mr. HATCH. I must insist upon my point of order in the interest and bas misinterpreted and misstated a brief st!ftement made by me of the legislation of the country. that day on the electoral count joint resolution. The gentleman was The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks the gentleman is going beyond pleased to say, as it appears from the RECORD: the limits of a mere question of personal privilege. Mr. SPEER. I am replying to remarks the gentleman has seen proper I regret that my colleague from Georgia Pur. SPEER] should arraign the rest of us, both of his State and of his party, for an alleged dereliction in duty, in order to to make about me. justify what some have thought to be his violation of party allegiance and fealty. Mr. Speaker, my colleague has intimated that the arraignment which It may be a subject of congratulation to him that in his estimation now the tail he alleges me to have attempted was in order to justify what some wags the dog. Let it be so- have thought to be a violation of party allegiance and fealty by me. said the gentleman with infinite condescension. The gentleman is as far wrong here as he is when he charged me with When the gentleman from whom I quote accomplished this deliv accusing people of a dereliction of duty. I owe to party no fealty or erance, on Saturday last, I was not aware that he alluded to me. My allegiance which controls either my judgment or my sense of publio 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1305 duty. I am not sensitive upon that subject. I have differed with the that particular, and has put in another expression~ As soon as the majority of the party, not because I arrogated to myself any supe. Reporter can supply from his notes the real words the gentleman used riority, but, sir, I am entitled to my opinion, and do not choose to it will be seen he uttered no such words as "ultra-partisan methods.',. surrender my convictions. He said he was opposed to the "Bourbon party" and the " Bourbon Sir, I seek to justify my public conduct to no tribunal save the methods of Georgia." He got hold of the slang phrase which the enlightened public sentiment of my State, and while I have differed other side is in the habit of throwing in the teeth of this side of the with my colleague as widely heretofore as I do now, I have a-s yet no House. And it was that which excited me; I do not know exactly occasion to be chagrined with the judgments of ·that tribunal. why. I am not sufficiently acquainted with history to know why a. Mr. HAMMOND, of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman's com man should dislike to be called a "Bourbon" democrat. Possibly the ment this morning upon what I said on Saturday does me injustice- term is used as an antagonism to Ja-cobin. But at any rate, as it is. ~Ir. NEW. I hope, Mr. Speaker, that we may have order in the a slang phrase, uttered by the republican side of the House, I felt it House. was unkind for a man in our party to take it up and throw it in our The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to state to the gentleman that, teeth. as the end of the session approaches, he hopes, in the interest of the Mr. ROBESON. When we use that phraae we do not mean Georgia transaction of public business, that order may be maintained upon but Kentucky. the floor. .l!!Ir. HAUMOND, of Georgia. I said I had no gall in this thing Mr. ~IMOND, of Georgia. I repeat, sir, that the comment of the and only desired to defend myself and party. If I had had any gall gentleman this morning has done me, in some slight particulars, as I might have suggested an unpleasant criticism on the gentleman. much injustice as he claims I did him. Personally I could not on this That great Englishman, Charles James Fox, when asked to define an :floor have so far forgotten myself and the respect due to this House "independent," said he was a man who could not be depended upon. as to have been guilty of an unparliamentary assaultuponhimorany [Laughter.l I did not wish to say anything hard or anything un unparliamentary conduct. If I believed that my colleague '\1as coarse pleasant. Still, with the idea I had in my mind, if I had desired t() in any allusion which he made, ! _would not say so in this presence. I be unpleasant, I might have prayed for our party that the gentle have regarded him always as my personal friend. I have supped at man, like Samson's foxes, might have a firebrand attached to his tail, his grandfather's table and also at his father's table, and have known and that he might be sent over among the Philistines for their de him intimately from his very boyhood, and I, in common with all the struction and the annihilation of himself. [Laughter.] But I simply people of the State of Georgia, congratulate the country upon pos tried to defend my State and my party from any charge of not being sessing one of his extensive learning and very great brain. true to the rights of the States, from anything that was implied in But, Mr. Speaker, great men may err. The most distinguished in any harsh term like Bourbonism. · dividual may do wrong, and it may be that the gentleman himself I need not say, Mr. Speaker, that I have no objection to independ· erred on Saturday. I will justify my conduct by citing the motive ence of thought and independence of speechandaction. Every true which actuated me at that time, and see whether or not I am sub man admires independence everywhere and on all occaaions. But I ject to the criticism which he makes this morning. wish to make this remark, that the truly independent man needs not The democratic party had tried to pass-after a fashion at least, to protrude his independence on the world. The world will find it seemed to be trying to pass-a joint resolution. [Laughter on the out. republican side.] I may say that it seemed a feint. I have no doubt of The truly independent man may march as well in column with his that. The gentleman from Georgia did not seem to understand that party as outside his•party; he mn.y differ occaaionally with them, but feint, and he voted against his party. We were just before twitted by his differences will be the exception and not the rule. I admire true the honorable gentlemanfromNew Jersey [Mr.ROBESON] (who always independence-that independence that makes a man stand, when his does such things decently and very pointedly also) with having vio conscience tells him he must stand, like a rock, even to his death. I lated the old landmarks of constitutional liberty as understood by admire that independence which. made for the church its martyrs,. tho democracy. He certainly arraigned our party; he certainly in and has made men distinguished in every age as the rightful leaders tended to make his arraignment pointed; and when the gentleman of mankind. That independence will meet its just reward every from Georgia [Mr. SPEER] arose and said" the gentleman from New where. It will give to a man fame, not notoriety.* Jersey [Mr. ROBESON] did some of us injustice when he said that none Mr. SPEER. I desire to say a word in reply to the gentleman from on this side dared to stand forth and speak for what we understood Georgia, [Mr. HAMMom>.] He has now conceded distinctly that that to be true democracy against this Morgan joint resolution," and added joint resolution, for voting against which he arraigns me as recreant "there were three of us over here who did that thing, and our votes to party allegiance and party fealty, is a feint and a subterfuge. The are found recorded against it," I understood him to mean that which gentleman concedes it. [Cries of "Regular order ! "] the gentleman from New Jersey had uttered, that none but three-as Mr. HAZELTON. Let the gentleman go on. Let there be fair Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, [laughter and applause)-none play. of this grand democratic party but three had dared to utter what they Mr. SPEER. I had misunderstood it. I thought it was a serious believed to be true democratic principles. He went further, and said: proposition, and being in earnest myself and conscientiously opposed . And I congratulate my brethren of the democratic party that we have reached to it, I voted against it. But the gentleman has not escaped the point a. solution of this question upon which we can agree, and which will not do violence which I make upon him when I say that he alleged I charged upon to those gran(l rights of the sovereign States for which I thought I was speaking him and the people of the State of Georgia a dereliction of duty. when I voted against that joint resolution which took the power from the States and vested it in Congress. Sir, I did no such thing. It is true I used the expression, "Bourbon Is not that necessarily pregnant with the idea that when we, the press;" but at the suggestion of my friend from Virginia, [Mr. HAR democrats, voted the other way we were doing violence to those grand ms,] who objected to the use of that expression, I eliminated the rights of the sovereign States to which he refers? He also said: term" Bourbon" and substituted the words "ultra partisan," which I think mean precisely the same thing. The gentleman renews biB> This resolution now to be adopted by Congress has speedily justified that vote. I have, sir, been criticised, together with my collea~es who voted against that offensive and unparliamentary remark about the tail wagging the resolution, by the ultra partisan press. But those criticisms were. not due solely dog. to the fact that we voted against the resolution, but also perhaps to the fact that Mr. HARRIS, of Virginia. Iaskmyfriend toletmeinterrnpt him~ we had antagonized ultra partisan methods in the EmJ?ire State of the South. We I know he does not mean to say I suggested to him to keep the ex were righ~ and I sliand to that vo.te, and I find now, 1f I mistake not, that all the democracy here are standing shoulder to shoulder with us- pression out of the RECORD. I did suggest that I thought it was un kind in him to apply to our party the term used by the opposite That is, ''us three"- party. and upon the same line on which we then stood. Mr. SPEER. And I accepted the gentleman's suggestion and made Now, 1\Ir. Speaker, before I go on and comment upon that sentence, the alteration, because I desired to give no offense to my friends on I wish to refer to the gentleman's remark that I have changed the this side of the House by words used in the heat of debate. This REcoRD by inserting something in it which was not uttered on this is neither unusual here, nqr improper. floor. I have not done so. The gentleman from Georgia again alludes to me as a member or Of course I have nothing to do with the making up of the RECORD, the solitary species of the fetre nattwre. Mr. Speaker, who is there aa to the insertion of names in it; and of course every gentleman on who will always decry that species ; who will decry some of the more this :floor who has ordinary intelligence must have understood that I elevated members of that species, and rather admire, for instance, the alluded to the gentleman from Georgia, Mr. SPEER, and not to the melodious wild ass of the plains, who is a gregarious animal T Does gentleman from Georgia, Mr. FELTo~, in the remarks I made. Mr. not .lEsop tell us that an ass, though gregarious, sought on one occa FELTON had said nothing to justify the application to him of the idea sion to enhance his renown by masquerading in a lion's skin f that in his estimation the tail was wagging the dog. He had said nothing about his difference with the party; he had addressed him ORDER OF BUSINESS. self to a question of dereliction of duty on the part of certain officers Mr. HAMMOND, of Georgia. I call for the regular order. in Georgia. I could have had no other reference than that to the ?vir. HAZELTON. I also call for the regular order now. gentleman, 1\Ir. SPEER. The SPEAKER. The regular order being demanded, the -Chair, as. Now, Mr. Speaker, if I did not behave like the elephant on that occasion, as the gentleman said, in having "no gall," I did not intend *The transcript from the shorthand notes of the official reporter puts this a-s Mr., to do anything more than to say that I thought it was unkind for the SPEER's language : . "I have, sir been criticised, together with my colleagues who voted agmnst th& gentleman to arraign his party and to arraign his State. Let me say resolution, by the Bourbon press of Georgia. Those criticisms were not dne solely further there waa an additional increment to my feeling in an expres to the fact that we had voted against the resolution, but perhaps also to the facti sion he made use of. The gentleman has changed the RECORD in that we had antagonized Bourbon methods in the Empire State of the South." .
1306 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7,
required by the rules, will now call the States and Territories in al AUDITOR OF RAILROAD ACCOUNTS. phabetical order for the presentation of bills and joint resolutions for Mr. McL.Al\~. Ihavealetterfrom the Auditor of RailroadAccounts Jlrinting and reference. Under this call joint arid concurrent reso in the Treasury Department, which I ask be printed and referred to lutions and memorials of State and territorial Legislatures can be the Committee on the Pacific Railroad. presented and appropriately referred ; and resolutions of inquiry di The SPEAKER. That is not in order during this call. The Chair rected to heads of the Executive Departments are in order for refer will recognize the gentleman later for that purpose. ence to the appropriate committees, which latter resolutions are to be CON~"'ECTICUT RIVER. reported to the House within one week. · Mr. ROBINSO~ presented a resolution of the Legislature of Massa- WITHLACOOCHEE RIVER, FLORIDA. chnsetts, recommending the improvement of the navigation of the Mr. DAVIDSON presented a memorial of the State Legislature of Connecticut River; which was referred to the Committee on Com Florida, asking an appropriation for the improvement of the Withla- merce. coochee River; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. PHEBE W. ROSS.
L.WIA..~ WAR EXPESSES OF FLORIDA. Mr. CRAPO introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7128) granting a pension Mr. DAVIDSON also presented a joint resolution of tbe Legislature to Phebe W. Ross; which was read a first and second time, referred -()f the State of Florida, praying the passage of Senate joint resolu to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. tion No. 79, for a settlement of the cls.im of Florida for expenses in ASSISTANT INSPECTORS OF STEAM-VESSELS. curred in the suppression of Indian hostilities in 1855, 1856, and 1857 ; Mr. MORSE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7129) to define the duties which was referred to the Committee on Claims. of assistant inspectors of steam-vessels; which was read a first and IMPORTATIO:N OF COPIES OF THE REVISED SCRIPTURES. second .time, referred to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. · Mr. CARLISLE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7120) to permit the HARRIET 'E. JO~"'ES. ~ntry at the port of New York free of duty of certain copies of the .revised Scriptures; which was read a first and second time, referred Mr. BREWER introduced a bill (H. R. Ko. 7130) granting a pension to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to be printed. to Harriet E. Jones; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. TAXATION. GOOSE RAPIDS, RED RIVER OF THE NORTH. Mr. THOMAS TURNER introduced a joint resolution (H. R. No. Mr. POEHLER presented a joint resolution of the Legislature of '389) upon the subject of taxation; which was read a .first and second the State of Minnesota, asking for an appropriation for the construc time, referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to tion of locks and dams at Goose Rapids, in the Red River of the North; be printed. . which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. Mr. THOMAS TURNER. I ask, as the joint resolution is a short one, that it be printed in the REcoRD. ESTRIES OF PUBLIC LAl\"DS. The SPEAKER. It is not in order to submit that request during Mr. WASHBURN introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7131) to legalize en this call. The Chair will recognize the gentleman later for the pur tries-of public lands under the homestead laws, in certain cases ; which pose. was read a first and -second time, referred to the Committee on the Subsequently the request was renewed and granted. Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. The joint resolution is as follows : He also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7132) for the entry and sale of Resolved by the Senate and I!ouse of Representat·ives ~c., That the Constitution of public lands for the right of way to railroad companies; which was the United States confers no power upon· Congress w1 impose tariff, internal rev read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on the Public enue, or other taxation, exce-pt for the purpose of raising revenue. Lands, and ordered to be printed. -. Second. The revenue standard of taxation is the lowest rate that will yield the required revenue. DIPROVEME~i'T OF RED RIVER OF THE NORTH. Third. To impose a higher tax when a lower one would yield the same amount of revenue is to place an unnecessary burden on the consumers of the taxed arti Mr. WASHBURN also preseuteda joint resolution of the Legislature cles, which brings no additional return to the Treasury. of the State of Minnesota, requesting an appropriation of money for Fourth. That neither the State nor Federal Government has or should have the the improvement of navigation of the Red River of the North; which power to impose a taK upon one portion of the people, or the profits of their in· was referred to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be dustries, for the purpose of enabling another portion to engage-profitably m a branch of industry which would otherwise be unremunerative. printed. · 1 , Fifth. Within the revenue standard, as above defined, Congress may, in the DONATION OF CO~"DEl\Th"ED CANNOX. selection of objects for taxation, discriminate with a view to the effect upon Amer Mr. MORSE introduced a bill(H.R.No. 7133) donating condemned ican labor and the introduction of agricultural and manufacturing industries. Sixth. That internal revenue, tariff, and other indirect taxes suould be levied cannon to Post 7, Grand Army of the Republic, of Boston, Massachu npon the luxuries, and not UJ.X>n the necessaries of life. The chief advantage of setts; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com indirect over direct taxation IS that th~ payment of the tax is voluntary; but when mittee on :Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed. imposed on articles of prime necessity it ceases to be such. THOMAS BLACKFORD. L. S. CASEY. Mr. PHILIPS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7134) for the relief of Mr. THOMAS TURNER also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7121) for Thomas Blackford, of Pettis County, Missouri; which was read a first the relief of L. S. Casey; which was read a first and second time, and second ·time, referred to the Committee on War Claims, and referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be ordered to be printed. printed. JOHN H. FISHER. S. J. WATTS. Mr. PHILIPS also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7135) for the relief Mr. THOMAS TURNER also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7122) for of John H. Fisher, of Pettis County, Missouri; which was read a first the relief of S. J. Watts; which was read a first and second time, and second time, referred to the Committee on War Claims, and referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be ordered to be printed. printed. COLUMBUS H. COX. WILLIA111 l\IIRIDA. Mr. PHILIPS also introduced a bill (H. R. Ko. 7136) for the relief Mr. T:JaOMAS TUR~TER also introduced a. bill (H. R. No. 7123) for of Columbus H. Cox, of Pettis County, Missouri; which was read a the relief of William Mirida; which was read a first and second time, first and second time, referred to the Committee on \Var Claims, and .referred to the Committee on Pensions, and ordered to be printed. ordered to be printed.
A~\X HUNTER. DISTRffiUTION OF PUBLIC LAl\"DS. Mr. MURCH introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7124) granting a. pension· Mr. FORD (by request) introduced a bill (H. R. Ko. 7137) provid to Ann Hunter; which was read a. first and second time, referred to ing for the distribution of the public lands; which was read a first the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. and second time, referred to the Committee on the Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. PETER CAMPBELL. TRANSVAAL REPUBLIC. Mr. MURCH also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7125) granting a pen .Mr. ROBESON introduced a joint resolution (H. R. No. 390) as to. sion to Peter Campbell; which was read a first and second time, the Transvaal Republic; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and ordered to be printed. printed. THOMAS 1\IURRY, SAFETY ON .RAILROADS. Mr. ROBESON (by request) also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7138) Mr. ~IDRCH also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7126) granting a pen sion to Thomas Murry; which was read a first and .second time, to provide for safety of life on railroads; which was read a first and referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be second time, referred to the Committee on Railways and Canals, and .prin~ed. ordered to be printed. SPENCER OLDS. WASIDXGTOX CITY POST-OFFICE. Mr. URNER introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7127) to authorize the tak Mr. DWIGHT introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7139) for the relief of Spencer Olds; which was read a first and second time, referred to ing of certain parcels of real estate for the public use known as square the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. No. 459, (~ashington City,) where the present city post-office is situ ated; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com MAIL SERVICE 1\IUTUAL BE1\"EFIT ASSOCIATION. I· ·mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to be printed. Mr. DWIGHT also introduced a bill (H:R. No. 7140) to incorporate 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1307
The United States Railway Mail Service Mutual Benefit Associ- William Beistel; which was read a first and second time, referred to .ation; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com- the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. mittee on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed. HOT sPRcrGS COMMISSION. BO~"DS OF CIGAR ~IANUFACTURER5. Mr. YOUNG, of Tennessee, introduced a joint resolution(H.R. No. Mr. COVERT introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7141) to amend section 392) to provide for printing the proceedings of the Hot Springs com :3387 of the Revised Statutes, relative to the bonds to be given by mission; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the cigar manufacturers; which was read a first and second time, referred Committee on Printing. to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to be printed. W. A. CHAPMAN. PROTECTION OF PUBLIC RECORDS, ETC., AGA.IXST FIRE. Mr. WHITTHORl\'E introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7151) for the re Mr. :MORTON introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7142) to aid in the pro lief of W. A. Chapman, of Giles County, Tennessee; which was read tection of the public records and property against loss and damage a first and second .time, referred to the Committee on Claims, and by fire; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com ordered to be printed. ·mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to be printed. CAL VL~ ~"ELSOX. EDUCATIONAL FUND. Mr. HOUK introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7152) for the relief of Cal Mr. VANCE presented resolutions of the Legislature of the State vin Nelson, of Knox County, Tennessee; which was read a first and ·Of North Carolina, in relation to the educational fund; which, hav second time, referred to the Committee on War Claims, and ordered ing been read on the request of Mr. VANCE, were referred to the Com to be printed. 'mittee on Education and Labor. IRRIGATIOX OF BEAR RIVER VALLEY. Subsequently, on motion of Mr. VANCE, by unanimous consent, Mr. AINSLIE (by request) introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7153) to pro -the resolutions were ordered to be printed in-the RECORD. They are vide for the irrigation of the lands lying in Bear River Valley, in .as follows : Idaho Territory, and to incorporate the Bear River Valley Irrigation .A resolution of instruction to onr Senators and Members of the House of Rep Company; which was read a first and second time, referred to the resentatives in the Congress of the United States in relation to the educational Committee on the Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. fund. RECLAMATION OF DESERT L-U\"DS. Whereas the education of the masses iB of the first importance ; and it is the -earnest desire of the members of this General Assembly thatedncationalfacilities Mr. AINSLIE also presented a memorial of the Legislative Assembly for the benefit of the masses shall be increased in North Carolina to the fullest of the Territory of Idaho, relating to the reclamation of desert lands ·extent : Therefore, Be it resolved by the senate of North Carolina, (the house of representatives concur in Idaho ; w hlch was referred to the Committee on -the Public Lands, t-ing,) That onr Senators and Representatives in Congress be reqnested_to support and ordered to be printed. the bill now before the Congress known as the educational bill. LEGISLATIVE EXPE.."\SES OF IDAHO TERRITORY. Be it further resolted, That if said bill does not provide for the application of the f.nnd to primary schools exclusively, then our said Senators and Representatives Mr. AINSLIE also presented a memorial of the Legislative Assembly are hereby reque ted to urge the adoption of an amendment to that effect. of the Territory of Idaho, praying for an additional appropriation to Hesoh-cd, That the secretary of State transmit to each of our Senators and Rep ,nesentnti>es in Con_gres a copy of this resolution. defray the expenses of said Territory; which was referred to the Com r.atifietl tbis tile ;1Jst day ot ,)itouary, A. D. 1881. mittee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. C.M. COOKE, NORTH IDAHO. Speaker House lleiJ!esentatives. J. L. ROBINSON, Mr. AINSLIE also presented a memorial of the house of representa President of the Senate. tives of the Idaho Legislature, praying that the northern portion of Idaho Territory be attached to Washington Territory on the admis STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA, sion of Washington Territory as a State; which was referred to the OFFICE OF THE SEcRETARY OF STATE, Raleigh, February 2, 1881. Committee on the Territories, and ordered to be print_ed. :1 certify that the foregoing is a true copy from the record in this office. HECTOR F. PHELPS. lsK.AL.I W. L. SAUNDERS, Secretary of State. , 1rlr. WILLIAMS, of Wisconsin, introduced a bill (H. -R. No. 7154) MARY 1\IERRILL. for the relief of Hector F. Phelps, late musician of CompanyB, Tenth ' Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry; which was rea-d a first and Mr. VANCE -also introduceli a bill (II. R. No. 7143) granting a, pen second time, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and or si~n to 1.1ary .Merrill; which _.,-as read a first and second time, referred dered to be printed. t<> the Committee on IHYalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. LAl\"D GRANTS TO TRA..."\SCOXTIXEXTAL RAILROADS. PEXSIONS. Mr. McLANE. I ask by unanimous consent, Mr. Speaker, to pre Mr. McKINLEY introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7144) to increase the sent a report from the Auditor of RailroadAccounts,preparedincom pensions of soldiers of the late war who lost an arm at the shoulder pliance with my request of June 18, 1880. The report covers aU facts j-oint to $30 per month; which was road a first and second time, re connected with the land grants made by the United States to aid in ferred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. the construction. of Pacific railroads. The report has been shaped so GEORGE W. Sl\IITH. as to take up separately each one of the great transcontinental rail Mr. WARNER (by request) introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7145) for roads located on the forty-seventh, fortieth, thirty-fifth, and thirty the relief of George ,V. Smith; which was read afirstandsecond time, second parallels of latitude, giving details as to each main and branch referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be line, with a general recapitulation showing the whole result.' The printed. report is very interesting, and I ask to have it printed and referred CLASSIFICATION OF HOUSE FILES. to the Committee on Pacific Railroad&, and 'b.lso to have it printed in Mr. BELTZHOOVER introduced a joint resolution (H. R. Ko. 391) the RECORD. providing for arranging and classifying the files of the House now There was no objection, and it was ordered accordingly. stored under the Hall of the Honse; which was read a first and sec The report is as follows : DEPARTME~"T OF THE il.""TERIOR, ond time, referred to the Committee on Accounts, and ordered to be OFFICE OF AUDITOR OF RAILROAD ACCOUNTS, printed. Wa-shington, D. 0., February 3, 1881. 1 W. D. l\1 DOWELL. Sm: I have the honor t.o transmit herewith a. report prepared in this office in Mr. COFFROTH introduced a bill (H.R.No. 7146) granting a pen compliance with your request of J nne 18, 1880, indorsed on a draught of a resolution which the Committee on Pacific Railroads authorized yon to report to the Honse sion to W. D. McDowell; which was read a first and second time, re at its last session, but which in the press of other business was not reached before ferred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. adjournment. As the design of the resolution proposed was to ascertain as accurately as possi FIRST LIEUTEXA..."\T JOHX NELSOX. ble all facts connected with the land grants made by the United States to aid in Mr. COFFROTH also introduced a bill (H~ R. No. 7147) granting the construction of the Pacific railroads, special inquiry has been made in order an increase of pension to First Lieutenant Jofm Nelson, late of Com to obtain the fullest information. The report has been shaped so as to take up separately each one of the four great pany K, Eighteenth Pennsylvania CavaJ.ry; which· was read a first transcontinental routes or railroads located on the forty-seventh, fortieth, thirty and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and fifth, and thirty-second parallels of north latitude, giving details as to each main ordered to be printed. and branch line, with a. general recapitulation showing the whole result. WILLIAM A. GROVE. Very respectfnlly, TliiEO'S FRENCH, .Auditor. Mr. COFFROTH also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7148) granting Hon. RoBERT M. McLA:t."E, a pension to William A. Grove; which was read a first and second Ohairm-an of Committee on Pacific Railroads, time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to House of Represqntative-s. be· printed. HER~fOX R. TYSOX. DEP ARTMRNT OF THE h"TERIOR, OFFICE OF AUDITOR OF RAILRO.ill .ACCOUJ."TS, Mr. WISE (by request) introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7149) for there Washington, D. 0., January 26, 1881. lief .of Hermon R. Tyson; which was read a first and second time, Report on the quantity and value of pttblic lands granted by Oongress to aid in th8 referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be construction of the Pacific railroads. I ~ printed. The proposed resolution in regard to the matters embraeed in this report is as WILLIAi\I BEISTEL. follows: "Resolved, tf;c., That the Committee on the Pacific Railroads, by sub-committee, Mr. WISE also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 7150) for the relief of be authorized to sit dnring the recess for the purpose of ascertaining the qna.nt\ty
. ' '
1308 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7 ,.
and value of the public lands heretnfore granted by Congress to aid in the con and things which may be needful and necessary to insure a speedy completion of· struction of the Pacific railroads which have not vested in said roads by the the said road." terms of the se>erallaws granting such lands, and the quantity and value of the Section 10 enacts that" no mort.,aage or construction bonds shall ever be issued by said lands which ha>e >ested in said roads, bow the same have been disposed of, said company on said road, or mortgage, or lien made in any way, except by the at what price, and also how the proceeds of the same have been disposed of; also, consent of the Congress of the United States." the cost (in detail) of the construction of completed road, and the estimated cost Section 20 enacts "that the better to accomplish the object of this act, namely, (in detail) of the construction of road necessary to be built in order to complete to promote the public interest and welfare by the construction of said railroad and. the said railroads in accordance with the requirements of law; also, to ascertain telegraph line, and keeping the same in working order, and to secure to the Gov the cost, or estimated cost~ of construction of any and all railroads built, or pro ernment at all times, but particularly in time of war, the use and benefits of the posed to be built, parallel or adja-cent to the said railroads, whether or not the same for postal, military, and other purposes, Congress may, at any time, having same aro located on the line or lands reserved by any of the said granting acts of due regard for the rights of said Northern Pacific Railroad Company, add w, alter, Con !!Tess; mth authority to employ a clerk during that time, to obtain the assist amend, or repeal this act." anceof the Auditor of Railroad Accounts, and W send for persons and papers or ex The joint resolution ap:{lroved May 7, 1866, (14 Stats., 355,) extended the time, for amine the same at the principal offices of said railroads; and all expenses necessa commencing and completing the railroad, for the term of two years. (See Report rily incurred in the execution of this resolution shall be paid out of the contingent of Auditor of Railroad Accounts for 1880, page 159.) fund of the House." · . The joint resolution approved .July 1, 1868, (15 Stats., 255,) amended section 8 of For the purpose of this report the Pacific railroads have been classified as fol- the original act, so as to read as follows: "That each and every grant, right, and lows, namely: privilege herein, are so made and given to and accepted by said Northern Pacific 1. Xorthern, or route on forty-seventh parallel of latitude. Railroad Companyupon and subject to the following conditions, namely: That the 2. Union Central, or route on fortieth parallel of latitude. said compauv shall commence the work on said road within two years from and 3. ~ew Mexico Southern, or route on thirty-fifth parallel of L
.,!, rt:J 0a c Q • ~ ,c ~>.!::! ?,,.3 ,CCII ..c§ .s~ .-o§ 'd From- To- Miles. Cl) 'd~ l"i ~ P,l-< j:l C!) l!OS 8~ 0. M 0 0 ~ ~
1 Thomson, Minnesota ...... •••..•••.••••••••••••••••••• RedRiver •••••••••••••••...... ••••••••••••••••.•••.•. 223 Oct. 1,1872 Dec. 10, 1S72 Jan. 6,1873 2 Kalama •.•••..•••.••••...••.••••••••••.•..•••••••••••• 65 Jnly 15, 1873 Aug.l6, 1873 Sept. 10, 18'm 3 Fargo ...... •••••••....••••..•••.•..••••..•••••••••••• ~fs~;;c~~~~~-.::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 196.4 Oct. 1,1873 Nov. 24, 1873 Dec. 1,1873 Ta-coma, Washington .•..•...... •....•••.••.••..••.•. 40.1 Mar. 1,1874 Mar. 5, 1874 May 12,1874 ~ ~~~f ru~e;: ::::::::::::::.:::::::::::::::::::::::: One hundredth nille.post ...•.•••••• •••.••.•.•••...••. 100 .Jnly 1,1880 .July 26,1880 Aug. 16, 1880· 6 One hundredth mile-post ••••••••..••••••••••••••.•.••• One hundred and fiftieth mile-post west •••••••••••••• 50 Nov. 1,1880 Nov. 20,1880 Dec. 20, 1880•
Total .•••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••..••.••••••••••••..••.•••••••..••.•••••••...... ••••••.•••••• ~19.5
....- i881. ·cONGRESSIONAL RECOJlD-HOUSE. 1309
The length of road and extent of land grant for the whole line included in the The quantity: which the company will obtain is estimated by the General Land charter act and amendments may be stated approximately as follows, namely: Office to be about twelve million acres; but the estimate of the land commissioner of the company places it at 11,200,000 acres. Acres per The location ofthelandsmay be generally stated asfollows, namely: 4,800,000 acres Miles of Total acres in Nebraska, 4,600,000 acres in Wyoming, 700,000 acres in Colorado, and 1,100,
Total .•••••.•••••.••...••.•.••••••••.••. 2,450 ~·23,640 57,920,000
*Average. Year. The latest estimate of lands which the company may obtain is as follows, namely:
Divisions. Miles. Acres. 1869 ··•••••···•·•·•••·•·•••••·••••••••••••••· 128,825.28 $4.555 6,596, 808 2!l 1870 ..••••...•.•.••...•••• ···•·••··•····••••• 164,058.62 4.~ 719,758 14 1871 ..•••••.••.••••••••.•••••.•••••..••••.••. 206,605,97 3.855 795,557 53 4~6 5, 500,000 1872 ·••··•••••··••••••••••·•···•·•··••·····•· 172,108.67 4.39 755,430 94 ~~:itadi~i~~~~- ~~~~~::::::: :::::: ::::::::::::::::: 217 4, 600,000 1873 ...••••.•••.•..•..•••••.•••••.•••...... •• 177,083.50 5. 55 983,030. 3:' Yellowstone division ...... ••.•..••••.•••••.••.••••.•••.••... 340 7, 400,000 1874 .•••.•..•••..•••• ·-·--· ••.•••.•••••.••••. 235,749.14 4.66 1, 099, 467 21 193 4, 000,000 1875 o oooooo ooooOooooooOooo b OO oooooooooooO •••• 111,965.55 3.66 409,916 10 ~~~s:MF~~~~i~~-- ~: ::: ~:~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 232 5, 800,000 1876 ··•···•···•·• ·•·····••···•·••·•••·••····· 128,696.21 3.02 389,773 46 Pend d'Oreille division .•••••..•.•..••••••.•...•...•..•...•••.. 209 3, 600,000 1877 ...... 69,015.87 4.98 343,768 02 :Main line to Tacoma across Cascade Mountains .•••••...... 250 4,800, 000 1878 ...... ••...•.••.....•.••..••.••...... 318,903.47 4.88 1, 557,0 2 32 B~ch ~O!D; Pend d'Oreille division to Kalama ...... •.•.•.. 250 4, 000,000 1879 .•••••.•••••...•.....•.•...... •..•..••••. 243,337.31 4.141 1, 007, 855 63 Pacific diVlSlOD ...••••••••.•.••.••.•..••..•.. 1 •••• • ••••••••••• 145 2, 300, OGO Total for eleven years .••••••.•...... •. 1, 956,349.59 4. 42 8, 648, 447 97 Total ...... 2, 317 42,000,000 --- Estimated• for Wisconsin division ....•..••..••••••••.....•.... 112 =====500,000 From these sales forfeited and canceled contracts must be deducted, which leaves the net sales to the same date 1,568,438 acres, amounting to the sum of ?6,916,811.58, being an avera"'e price of $4.41 per acre. To June 30, 1880, there had been patented to the company 746.509 acres. The The lands are sold in sma.Iftra{)ta, averaging about 100 acres to each purchaser, so company has earned by construction about fifteen million acres of land to K ov-em that there have been 15,000 to 16,000 purchasers. Some sales are made for cash, ber 1, 1880, and sold to June 30, 1 80, 2,600,000 acres for ~9,000,000. The price of but the large ma.jority of the sales have been on time, defeiTed payments drawing the company's agricultural lands is 2.50 per acre; coal and timber lands being interest at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum. reserved from sale until the country is occupied. The lands not yet earned by the The gross proceeds of sales, interest, forfeitures, &c., to December 31, 1879, have company ~e about tw;enty-seven million acres, situated chiefly in Montana, Idaho, been $8,173,846.83, of which amount 4, 412,033.8-3 has been received in cash, and the and Washington Temtor1es. remainder, $3,761,812.95, in notes or land contracts yet to be paid. These gross The valne of the company's lands vested and unnsted may be reasonably esti proceeds are applied to the redemption of land-grant mortgage bonds, of which mated at ro.50 per acre, so that the lands unsold are worth, say, 39,900,000 acres at ~10,4i}(),000 have been issued and 4,101,000 redeemed. 2.50, $99,750,000. For a description of some of these lands reference is made to The expenses of the land department, taxes.on land, &c., amounting to $1,~9.- page 82 of the last annual report of the Auditor of Railroad Accounts. 877.68 to December 31, 1879, have been paid by the company out of its ordinary in In 1874 the company in its report to this Department gave the cost of the road come. and fixtures to June 30, 1874, as e21,353,416.11, and to that time had constructed fl>e The cost of the railroad and its equipment to December 31, 1879, amounted to hundred and t4irty miles of railroad, being an average cost of $40,289 per mile. The $118,682,223.96, or at the rate of $114,262.54 per mile. The details are as follows, expenditure by items is as follows : namely: Surveys ..•••.•••••....••••••••.....••..••••••••••.••.•••••••.•.••••• $1,108,278 52 Payments to contractors: Construction, including docks and wharves ....•..••...•..•.•...••.. 14, 446, 356 54 "Oakes Ames" contract ...... ~57, 140, 102 94 Auxiliary and connecting rail and water lines. . . . • . • . • • • • • . • • • • • . • • • 2, 728, 9EO 09 Equipment...... 2, 434,346 25 :: ii~~ :~~~\·:.-_·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::.. :::::::::: i~: ~~: ~~~ ~~ Ge:c.eral and incidental expenses during construction...... 635, 454 71 Total contracts .....•..•••••• .••...... •.••••••.•...... •.•.• 92, 236, 573 58 Total...... ••••••..••.••••••. ..••...•..•...••.•...... ••...•. 21, 353, 416 11 Expended by the company for- In addition to these five hundred and thirty miles, the company has constructed $165,675 66 a branch line in Washington TeiTitory from Tacoma to Wilkeson, thirty-two miles =:::::::::: ::::: 250,700 68 in length. ~:~A~{ ·i:i~~~: :_:_:_:_:_ :::_:_:_:_:_ :=.: :_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_ :-~: 100,375 78 The road yet to be constructed and accepted may be stated as follows, with the Coal-sheds ...... 13,912 33 estimated cost of the same, namely : Bridging, piling, and trestling ...... •.•••••.•..•...... •.•.. 158,542 51 Snow-sheds and snow-fences .••..•••••...•.•.•...•••••..•...••..... 3~3. 978 14 Wisconsin division-Montreal River to Thompson Junction, 122 Passenger and freight buildings .....•..•..••...... •••••..••..•.••• 1, 059, 904 27 miles, at -e20, 000 per mile... . . • . . . • . • . . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • . • . . • • 2, 440, 000 00 Machine-shops, oar-shops, machinery, engine-houses, and turn- Missouri division-:Missonri River to Yellowstone River, 217 miles, tables ...... 436,012 21 at $12,000 per mile, including an iron bridge overthe:Mi&souri River Water-tanks, wells, pumping-houses, &c .•••••.••...•.•.•. ....•.... 124,591 48 at Bismarck, the cost of which is estimated at nearly 1,000,000, or Hotels, tenements, &c ...•.....•...... •...•.•••.•.....••....••••.. 226,700 77 about. . • . . • . . • . • • • ...... • ...... • • ...... • • • • . • • • • • • . . . . . • . . • . 3, 500, 000 00 Rolling-mills, scrap-furnaces, rail-mills, &c ...... 2"2 • 963 09 Ye'Uowstone, Rocky Mountain and Clark's Fork divisions-Yellow- Equipment other than furnished by contractors .••••••••.....•..... 2, 193,99 69 stone River to Lake Pend d'Oreille, 820 miles, at e3o,ooo per mile. 24,600,000 00 Express outfit ...•.•...•...•..••...•••.••.••••••...... •••••...... 12,503 71 Pend d'Oreille division-Lake Pend d'Oreille to Columbia River, 209 Government commissioners and Government directors during pe· miles, a.t$21,500permile ..•....•.•.•.•••...•...•••••.•.•••.••...•• 4,500,000 00 riod of construction .•.•.•..... _•..••..••••...... •••.•.... 188,630 13 Columbia River division-Junction of Columbia and Snake Rivers to 2, 255, 089 30 Portland, 238 miles, at S31,500 per mile...... 7, 500, 000 00 1, 891, 510 57 Cascade :Mountain division-Junction of Columbia. and Snake Rivers ~~;~~~1,ea~~~f~~~~~~~:::::::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::: to Puget Som:.d, 219 miles, at $30,000 per mile . . .• • •• . . • . . • . . • . . • • . 6, 570, 000 00 Total cost of construction .••.•...... ••.•...... 101,937, 757 90 Pacific division-Portland to Kalama, 40 miles, at 625,000 per mile.. 1, 000, 000 00 Less sale of constructed road .....•.•...•••..•.••... 82, 840, 000 00 Sale of constructed t{!legraph line. . . . • • . • . • ...... 104, 43-2 54 Total road to be constructed, 1,865 miles, at an estimatedaver- age cost of $26,868 per mile, amounting to ...•..••••...•..•.. 50, 110, 000 00 Total amount solu...... • . • • . . . • . . • . . . • . . . . . • • • • .. . • . • . • . . 2, 944, 432 54 The entire road when completed, 2,700 miles, will have cost about se>enty-five million dollars, or at the rate of $28,000 per ndl.e. K et cost of property. . • ...... • • • • • . • . . . . • • • • • • . • . . . . • ...... 98, 993, 325 36 The conditions of all Government service on this road are found in section 11 of Interest and discount eA-penses during construction: the charter act, among which one is, that the road is" subject to suoh regulations Interest, discount, and commissions .••..•.•••...••. 82, 750, 284 63 as Congress may impose restricting the charges for such Government transporta Losses on securities ...... •.....•....•....•. 12, 215, 868 39 tion." Interest paid on bonds outstanding.... . • • . . . • . . • . • • • 4, 000, 000 00 THE t.~"IO:Y·Cln"TRAL LIXE OR ROt."TE. Discount on Omaha. bridge bonds...... •••...•. 440, 000 00 This line being composed of a main and branch lines having different 'Owners, Inter~st on Omaha bri~~e bonds...... • . . . . 162, 329 94 will be treated separately, and in the following order: 1. Union. Pacific Railroad PreiDlum on qmaba bnage bonds...... • • . . • • . • • . . . 8, 032 25 Company. 2. Kansas Pacific Railway Coml!_any, and 3, Denver Pacific Railway Expenses paymg drawn bonds, &c...... 4, 446
Railroad acts before referred to, a grant of public lands to aid in the construction Deducting canceled sales, thenetqnantity sold during this period was 160,731.89- of its railroad and telegraph line. The grant was twenty sections, or 12,800 a~res acres for $713,881.13, or at an average price of $4.44 per acre. per mile of road. The cost of the road, 105.89 miles, as reported to this office is $6,495,350. But no The length of road subsidized is 63 .6 miles, extending from the eastern boundacy details of the expenditures have been obtained; it was accepted by the president line of the State of Kansas, in Kansas City, to Denver, Colorado. The quantity of Ma.y 2, 1872. A parallel road like this could be built t{)-day for $15,000 per mile,. land granted would have amounted to 8,174,000 acres if none of the lands had been say for $1 1600,000. otherwise or previously disposed of by the Government. The General Land Office The Unum-Pacific Railway Company.-This company is the successor, by con has estimated that the company will receive about six million acres, but the land solidation, to the trnion, Kansas, and Denver Pacific Companies. commissioner of the company estimates about two hundred thousand acres more. Summarizing the statements heretofore given as to the three companies named', The location of this company's lands is as follows, namely: 2,600,000 acres in the following facts are shown, namely: Colorado, 3,600,000 acres in Kansas. Of. these probably on6-third, say 2,oqo,ooo Estimated quantity of land granted, (a.cres) ...... • ...... 2-2, 824, 396- ac.res, are " grazing" land.s, and the remamder, say 4, 000,000 acres, are "~rrncult· ural." The lands which were unsold December 31, 1879, lie chiefly in western Estimated quantity of land >ested under the grant, (acres).... • • • • 19, 100, 008 Kansas ; about two million acres between :Manhattan, Riley County, and Gri?Uell, Quantity sold to December 31, 1879, (acres) . . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . . • • • 3, 020, 625 Gove County worth on an average nearly three dollars per acre, and the remamder, Gross amount realized from sales ...... $12,050,653 00 2 BOO 000 acres between Grinnell and Denver, worth probably two dollars an acre; Railroad subsidized with lands, (miles) ...... • .. .. • ...... 1, 783 ill all, worth about eleven million dollars. Cost of road and e Pc... July 1, 1830. (15 Stat., 80.) . ~ ~ ! The road completed extends from Roseville to Redding, California, 151.81 miles · road uncompleted, 139.19 miles. The lands which ~ve not vested by reason ?f non-completion of road amount to 1,781,632 acres, leavmg 1,943,168 acres vested m 1870 ...... 32,613.00 6417 $136,076 43 the company, or so much thereof as was not pretionsly disposed of by the United· 1871 ...... 41,543.55 3 94 163,858 71 States. 1872 ...... 19,959.09 4 07 81,195 91 To June 30, 1880, there had· been patented of these lands 1 ,338,0~9 .27 acres. To 1873 ...... 17,951.95 4 61 82,676 96 December 31 1879 the company had sold 366,622 acres, for 2,970,36;>, or an average 1874 ...... 10, 9ta 54 5 21 56,877 83 price of ss.fci per acre. The lands· remaining unsold at that time were 1,576,546 1875 ...... 3, 676.52 6 12 22,488 02 acres worth, at a reasonable estimate, say $4.50 per acre, over $7,000,000. 1876 ...... 4,364. 37 14 32 62,497 50 The one hundred and fifty-two miles of _road were constructed between 186_7 and 1877 ...... 26,101.56 525 136,963 89 1872, the·whole road being opened fo~ busmess September 1, 1872_. The-c:ost.m tl6- 1878 ...... 34,523.47 3 i!> 130,902 50 tail of this road has not been ascertamed. In 1870, when some e1ghtv miles of the 1879 ...... 7, 554.58 581 43,893 84 road had been completed a report was published in which the cost of the'l'Oad was. stated as $2,750,000, or about $35,000 per mile. The road could be built to-day for Total...... 199, 206. 63 4 60 917,431 59 ,.25,000 per mile, or $3,800,000. h C From the above statements in regard to these three roads, namely, t e antral. 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1311 Pacific the Western Pacific, and the California and Oregon, the following con longitude." The right of way is also granted by this section "to the extent of two · densed' statement is made: hundred feet where it may pass over the public lands, including all necessary Estimated quantity of land granted, (acres)...... 14, 264, 800 grounds for stations, buildings, work-shops, depots, maclline-shops, switches, side Estimated quantity of land vested under the grants, (acres)...... 10, 367, 895 tracks, turn-tables, and water-tanks." Quantity disposed of by Western Pacific before consolidation, Section 19, for the purpose of aiding in the construction of said road, grants to· (acres)...... 424,427 the said Burlington and Missouri River Railroad Company every alternate odd Patented to Central Pacific Company to June 30,1880, (acres)..... 2, 047,021 numbered sect:ion of pnblic land, excepting mineral lands, to the amount of ten al Quantity sold to December 31, 1879, (acres)...... 662,669 ternate sections, or 6,400 acres per mile on each side of the road. Section 20providea Amount for which 662,669 acres were sold...... ,.,4, 085, 354 00 that when twenty consecutive miles of road shall have been oompleted the "Pres .Averaae priceperacre...... $6 1~ ident of the United States shall aRpoint three commissioners to ex.amine and report Miles of railroad subsidized with lands...... 1, 01~ 5;, to him in relation thereto; and if it shall appear to him that twenty miles of said· Cost of roads, &.c., owned, 1,202 miles . • • . . • • . . • . . . . . • • . . • ...... 6136, 536, 29;, 59 road have been completed as required by this act, then, upon certificate of said Co t of equipment, machinery, furniture, &c...... ,..!l, e12, 040 66 commissioners to that effect, patents shall issue conveying the right and title to Cost per mile. (road and equipments, &c.)...... Nl, 754 00 said lands to said oompany on each side of said road, as far as the same is com ..Estimated value of unsold vested lands, (9,280,499 acres, at $1 per pleted, to the amount aforesaid; and such examination, report, and conveyance by· acre)...... 69,280,499 00 patent shall continue from time to time, in like manner, until said road sliall have Estimated value of unvested lands, (1,781,632 acres, atti-2.50 per acre) 4, 454, oeo 00 been completed." It also provides "that no Gi>vernment bonds shall be issued to the said Burlington and Missouri River Railroad,Company to aid in the construc Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad Company.-The Legislature of the Terri tion of said extension of its road: And provided further, That said extension shall tory of Kansas, by an act approved February 11, 1e59, granted a charter to the be com~leted within the period of ten years from the passage of this act." .Atchison and Pike's Peak Railroad Company. The lme constructed and owned by this oompany extends from Plattsmouth to On November 20 1e66 by vote of persons owning a. majority of the stock and in Fort Kearney, Nebraska, a distance of 190.5 miles. The first section of eighty compliance with the la;s of the State of Kansas, the name was changed to "Cen miles was accepted by the President of the United States October 9, 1871, ann the· tral Branch Union Pacific Railroad Comp:my," to take effect on and after JanUAry last section November 4,1872. The road was opened for through traffic Septem 1, 1867. . ber 2,1872. By the thirteenth section of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1?62, which The estimated quantity of lands granted by this act is 2,441,600 acres. The quan chartered the Union Pacific Railroad Company, the Hannibal and Samt Joseph tity patented to June 30, 1880, amounted t<> 2,374,090.77 acres. The following state r...ailroad Company was authorized to build a railroad from Saint Joseph, vi.a._.At_ch· ment of the business of the land department of this company is taken from Poor's ison to connect with the 10ad through Kansas. By regular proceedings begmmng Manual for 1880: Jun~ 9 1863 and ratified by votes of the stockholders, the Hannibal and Saint Jo seph R'ailroad Company assigned to tJ?.e .Atchison and Pike's Peak ~lroad. Com General account, land department, DecembeT 31, 1879. pany all their riaht~ title, and interest m the grant to them by the Pacific Railroad act of July 1, ul62, which assignment was formally accepted by the Atchison and Lands sold, 1,574,392 acres ...••..•...•.••••••..••.•••..••....•...••• $8,556,782 4:! Pike's Peak Railroad Company on .May 26, 1865. Interest on con tracts. . . • . . • . . • . • • • . . • • • • • . . • . . • • • • • . . . . . • . • . • . • • • . . • 2, 495, 788 50 The land grant to this company is twenty sections, or 12,800 acres per mile for one ~fci~~;rsr~~~:: :::::::::::::::: :::·::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4~~: ~~r g~ : hundred miles, extending from the Missouri River at Atchison westwardly through Ex:trainterest, rents, &c...... 65,614 53 Kansas. . . The majority of the public lands throug_h whic!I this road r~ havmg been dis posed of prior to the grant, the company will obtain only some 2;,0,000 acres, 187,608 11, 710, 204 55 of which had been patented to them to June 30, 1880. To June 30, 1880, about one hundred and seventy thousand acres had been sold Taxes, commissions, &o...... •••••. ••..••••••••• .••• •••.. ••.••• .••. 2, 090, S04 19 by the company at an average price of< say, $5 per acre,_ amounting to §850,000; ~d 80 000 acres remained unsola worth aoout the same pnce per acre, $;,, amounting Discounts and premiums...... 456,131 09 to' 400,000. · Principal on sales, due...... • • • • • • . • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . •• . . • • • 5, 816, 528 13 The proceeds of the sales of land have been applied to the payment of interest Interest and other assets...... 1, 314,258 10 on the first-mortgage bonds and to the general purposes of the oompany from time Paid amount, treasurer • • • • • • . • • • • • . . • • . • • • • . . • • . • • . • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . 2, 040, 383 04. to8i::truction was oommenced on this road from .Atchison to Waterville, one hun 11,710,204 55 . dred miles, in July, 1865, and the first section of twenty miles was accepted by the The cost of construction and equipment of this road is not given separately, the President of the United States on July 12, 1866, and the whole road was completed total cost being stated at i8,294,955, or an average of 643,306 per mile. by January 20, 1868. .A road like the Burlington and Missouri River in Nebraska. could probably be The cost of the road, construction, and equipment, as reported to this office De built to-da:y for 16,000 per mile--$3,048,000. I\ cember 31, 1819, is 3,913,408.64, or at the rate of $39,134.04 per mile. A road similar Summaru;ing the statements heretofore given, the following condensed facts are . to this could be built and equipped to-day for from $15,000 to 18,000 per mile, or, shown, embracing all the roads of the "Union Ce.ntral line of route," as enumer sav, 1,650,000. ated on page 11, of this report. The Sioux City and Pacific Railroad Company.-This company was organized August 4, 1€64, under the laws of the State of Iowa. Estimated quantity of lands granted and vested. By section 13 of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1862, which chartered the Union Pacific Railroad Company it was enacted that "whenever .there shall be a line of railroad completed through Minnesota or Iowa to Sioux City, then the said P..oads. Acres granted. .Acres vested. Pacific Railroad Company is hereby authorized and required to construct a rail road and telegraph from said Sioux City, upon the most direct and practicable route, to a -point on1 and so as to connect with, the branch railroad and telegraph Union Pacific...... 22, 8'24, 396.00 19, 100, 000. 00 in this section herembefore mentioned." Central Pacific . • • . • • . . . • • . . • . • . • . • • • • • . • • • • • . . 14, 264, 800. 00 10,367,895. 00· Section 17, of the act of July 2, 1864, so amends section 13 above quoted as tore Central branch Union Pacific...... 1, 280,000.00 250,000.00 lease the Union Pacific Railroad Company from the construction of said branch, Sioux City and Pacific...... 651, 328. 00 41,318.23 and entitles the company so constructing it to receive in bonds an amount not Burlington and Missouri River...... 2, 438, 400. 00 2, 441, 600. 00· larger than the said Union Pacific Company woul Cost of roads, &c., owned, as shown by books, &c.: to take all grounds or lands, in addition to the one hnndred feet on each side of the Miks. Amount. road that may be necessary for station, shop, tnrn-table, switching, or othel" pur Union.Pacific.~···· •••••••••••....••...••••••••••••.•••• 1, 815.00 $154, 485, 642 29 poses, exemption of the right of way from taxation in the Territories, and for every Central Pacific ...... • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • 1, 202. 00 146, 348, 336 25 mile of said railroad constructed in the Territories forty sections, 25,600 acres, of -central Branch Union Pacific...... 100. 00 3, 913, 403 64 the public lands, and for every mile in the States twenty sections, 12,800 acres, of Sioux City and Pacific...... 107.42 5, 355, 551 28 the same. (See sections 2 and 3 of the act.) Burlington and Missouri River • . • .. • • . . • • • . . • ...... • • . 190. 50 8, 249, 955 00 The conditions attached to these grants are given in section 8 of the act, as fol lows, namely: Work on the road was to be commenced within two years from the Total miles and cost • • .. • .. • .. • • • .. .. . •• • • • • ...... 3, 414. 92 318, 352, se8 46 date of approval of the act, .July 27, 1866, that is, before.July27, 1868; after the sec· Cost per mile, road and equipment: ond year not less than fifty miles of road per year was to be completed, and the Union Pacific...... $1!5,116 00 main line was to be completed by .July 4, 1878; and if the company suffered any >Central Pacific...... 121, 754 00 breach of these conditions to continue over one year, section 9 of the act provides that the lTnited States may at any time thereafter "do any and all acts an-d thin~s Central Branch Union Pacific ...... ~...... 39, 134 00 which may be needfol and necessary to insure a speedy completion of the sa1d Sioux City and Pacific • ...... • • ...... • ...... • ...... • • .. • • • . .. .. 43, 306 00 road. ." :Burlington and MissouriRh·erin Nebraska...... 46,232 00 Maps of the general route having been filed, public lands embraced within the ------limits of the grant were withdrawn from sale and the right of the company at Average cost per mile, (3,414.92 miles, $318,352,888.46)...... 93, 2'24 09 tached thereto, as follows, namely: ' Estimated value of unsold vested lands: Union Pacific, 14,800,000 acres, at $1.62 per acre...... 624, 000, 000 00 •Central Pacific, 9,280,499 acres, at 61 per acre...... • . . • • . • . . • • . 9, 280, 499 00 On line from- To- Date. ·Central Branch Union Pacific, 80,000 acres, at $5 per a Accepted by From- To- olb~~!!ss~or Exa~~d by the Prest- ~ ~~. COmml,SSlOners. dent. Springfield, Missouri...... • .. .. •• • ...... • • .. . . • •. Pierce City, Missouri...... 25 { 25 } .June 14, 1870 Sept. 22, 1870 Oct. 11,187 Pierce City, lllissourL...... •. . •• .. • • . . • • ...... • .. Seventy-fifth mile-post ...... 25 Dec. 8,1870 Jan·. 1!>, 1871 .Jan. 31, 1871 Seventy-fifth mile· post...... 1. 54 miles west of crossing of M. K. & T. R. R., in 25 .June 2-2, 1871 }Kov. 16,1871 Dec. 6,1871 Indian Territory. { 25 Oct. 6,1871 .Junction of N. M. & S. P. R. R., near Isleta, New Fiftieth mile-post west therefrom ...... 50 Nov. 1,1880 Nov. 1,1880 Dec. 17, 1880 Mexico. The Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company having suffered a default in the The company's estimate of the abo>e is 2,472.98 miles of road and 49,244,803 acres payment of interest on their outstanding bonds, the mortgaae given to secure the of land. The estimate of the General Land Office is 2,544.65 miles of road and same was foreclosed by a decree of the circuit court ofthelJnited States for the 50,067,600 acres of land. eastern district of'Mi.Ssouri, and the entire property, including the land grant in The United States havin3 no public lands in the State of Texas, and the lands Missouri, was sold, by virtue of said decree, on September 7, 1876, to William F. in the Indian Territory havmg htlen "otherwise appropriated " at the date of the Buckley, and by him conveyedNovember2, 1876, to the Saint Louis and San Fran grant, there must be deducted from the above total 20,4SO,OOO acres, which leaves cisco Railway Company, which company became and is now the owner of the prop 31,360,000 acres actually granted, from which is likewise to be deducted the fol erty and franchises in Missouri which had belonged to the South Pacific and lowing, namely: :Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Companies, and also of about 655,000 acres of South Acres. Pacific lands and 306,000 acres of Atlantic and Pacific lands. 1. Lands in Missouri previously dis{losed of ...... 645,184 West of the western boundary of the State of Missouri the road and appurte 2. Lands in New Mexico, "IDlDerai," and otherwise disposed of, esti- nances in the Indian Territory and in New Mexico are still owned by the Atlantic mated at one-half of the grant ...... 5, 760,000 .and Pacific Railroad Company. The •road from Albuquerque, New Mexico, west 3. Lands in Arizona, "mineral," and otherwise disposed of, estimated is known as the ''western division.'' at one-half of the grant ...... 5,120, 000 For the purpose of obtaining means to build and equip the "western division'' 4. Lands in California of the &lLI;Ile character, estimated at one-third of the company h:unesolved to issue and negotiate bonds to an amount not exceeding the grant ...... 2, 794,666 $:ZS,OOO per mile, secured by a first mortgage on the franchises, railroad lands, land 5. Lands in Arkansas otherwise disposed of ...... 32,000 grants, and other property .pertaining to said "western di>ision." The act of Congress approved April20, 1871, (17 Stat., 19,) authorized the company to "mort Total deductions, additional...... 14, 351, 850 gage its road, equipment, lands, franchises, privileges, and other r1ghts and prop After all these deductions are made, the quantity of land remaining for the use of erty, subject to such terms, conditions, and limitations as its directors may pre the railroad company would be but 17,008, 15Q acres, and of this (),Uantity the Saint scribe." (Auditor's Report for 1880, page 170.) Louis and San Francisco Railway Company received, in 1876, a pout 300,000 acres, The company is now examining the route from Vinita, Indian Territory, west and there had been disposed of by the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, ward to Albuquerque, New Mexico, with a view to the construction of this part of prior to 1876, about 200,000 .acres, the proceeds of which were applied to the con the roa.d at an early day. The length of this division will be about seven hundred struction of the road in Missouri; so that in round numbers about 16,500,000 acres and fifty miles, for four hundred miles of which the land grant is contingent upon of land are only a>ailable for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, to aid the extinguishment of Indian titles thereto or such other arrangement, to be ap in the construction of its railroad of more than 2,000 miles, from Seneca, Mis ]>roved by the President, as any Indian tribe or nation may determine upon. souri, tbrough the Indian Territory, Texas, Kew Mexico, Arizona, and California, The length of road and extent~f land grant for the whole line included in the to the Pacific Ocean or San Francisco. -charter act may be stated approximately as follows, namely: These lands are worth, probably, on an averaj!;e, not more than ~2 per a~re when brought into market by reason of the railroad being built, or $33,000,000; but that State or ;erri-1 Acres per Acres of land is merely a nominal value, sales being slow and difficult until settlers are assured tory. From- To- Miles. mile. granted. of protection from Indians and outlaws in that section of the country. From a re cent report of the superintendent of the western division of the railroad, the fol lowing facts in regard to the country on the line of the road between .Albuquerque Missouri...... Springfield .. West line ...... 90 12,800 1, 152,000 and the Colorado River, a distance of six hundred and twenty miles, have been I Indian ...... East line .... West line •••••• 400 25,600 10,240,000 gathered: Indian ...... East line .••. Canadian River. 300 25,600 7, 680,000 Between Albuquerque aLd the San Fr:tncisco Mountains the COU;Dtry is ~hi~~J Texas ...... Ea.at line .••. West line ...... 200 12,800 2, 560,000 occupied by large herders and stock rai.Sers, some of the land bemg cultivawu.. New Mexico ... .East line ••.. West line ...... 450 25,600 11,520,000 Many of these herders are Indians. There is considerable timbered land within easy Arizona ....••• East line .... West line ...... 400 25,600 10,240,000 reach of the road and some saw-mills are now being erected. In the immediat~ California •.••. East line .••. San Francisco •. 655 12,800 neighborhood of the mountains the country is described as capable of being made 8,384, 000 the first summer and winter resort in the country. Between the San Francisco Arkansas .. ~ ... West-line ... VanBuren ..... 5 12, 800 -----64,000 Mountains and the Great Colorado River, some tliree hundred miles, the country Total .... ···········-·· ---.-- ...... 2,500 ...... ····-· 51,840,000 is known to be rich in minerals, as well as affording fine grazing and agricultural prAf~~~he location of the line, it is described as being "marvelous in ita align· . I 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1313" ment, its grades and general characteristics. To cross the-continental divide, the hundred feet in width on each side of the railroad. and grounds for stations, build Rocky Mountains of the United States, with only a maximum grade of fifty feet ings, workshops, &c., not exceedin~ forty acres of land at any one point. per mile, and this only going west, the east-bound approach being only thirty feet To aid in the construction of sru.d road, section 9 grants every alternate odd :per mile, in a valley a mile wide, with no tunnels, are certainly advantages en numbered section of public lands, not mineral, to the amount of forty sections or Jthoyed by no other line." This is the language of Superintendent Smith, who is on ~5,600 .acre~ per mile in the Territories, and twenty sections or 12,800 acres per mile e ground. m Califorrua.. ~ The superintendent's estimate of the annual business that may be done on this Section 17 provides that the company shall C{)mmenceconstruction simultaneously six hundred and twenty miles is about :fifty thousand tons. If this tounage is car at San Diego, California, and at Marshall, Texas, and that at least fifty consecutive ried to Albuquerque it would make on an average about twelve million tons car miles from eaeh of said points shall be completed and in running order within two ried one mile per annum, which, at an average rate of five cents per ton per mile, years after the passage of the act, and to so continue to construct each year there would give a gross earning from freight earned amounting to 600,000. after a sufficient number of miles to secure the completion of the whole line * * * Of the 306,111 acres of J.and acquired by the Saint Louis and San Francisco Rail within ten years, that is, by March 3, 18 1. The act of May 2, 1872, extended the way Company in 1876, to December 31, 1879, 15,000 acres had been sold at an a.-er time to May 2, 1882. age price of $3.25 per acre, amounting to $48,750. Prior to November 6, 1876, the Section 18 of the original act provides for the acppointment of a commissioner by Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company had disposed of 200,000 acres of the Mis the President of the United States t{) examine the various sections of twenty miles souri lands at an average price of 2.87! per acre, amounting to $575,000. of road as completed; * * * and upon the acceptance by the President of the No detail of construction has yet been obtained snch as to enable a statement to United States of said sections patents shall be issued to said company for the lands be made showing the cost of the subsidized line; on December 31, 1879, the com so earned. pany reported the cost of" franchises and property" as $28,841,974.50 being two By the act of Congress approved May 2, 1872, the name, style, and title was hundred and ninety-two and one-half miles of railroad, &c. , in Missoun,1 extending changed to ''the Texas and Pacific Railway Company," and section 17 of the act of from Pacific to the western State line near Seneca, making an average cost of nearly March ·3, 1871, amended so as to require that at least one hundred consecutive one hundred thousand dollars per mile. The road runs through a country where miles of railroad should be completed and in running order within two years after many heavy grades and sharp curves are required, and is of quite an expensi>e the passage of the act, that is, by May 1, 1874; (three hundred miles of road were character to build. The property is now in good condition, better than the a.-erage in operation before that time.) It also provides that the company shall commence of western roads. construction from San Diego eastward within one year, that is, by May 1, 1873, and Under the authority of the act of Congress approved April20, 1871, the company construct not less than ten miles before the expiTation of the second year; and on July 1, 1880, issued its thirty-year bonds to the amount of .,.,25,000 per mile, bear thereafter not less than twenty-five miles per annum in continuous line between mg interest at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum, payable senn-annually in January San Diego and the Colorado River until the junction is formed with the line from and J nly, and secured the same by a mortgage on the franchises, right of way, the ea-st. Little or none of the line from San Diego eastward has been constructed. railroad, telegraph, lands, land grlll!ts, and other property pertaining to the west From the Colorado Ri.-er at Yuma, Arizona., aline of railroad has been constructed ern division of the road, extending from Albuquerque, New Mexico, to the Pacific by another company, known as the 8{)nthern Pacific Railroad Company of Arizona, Ocean. unde!' the supposition that the general law of 1875 gave them a nght of way over The payment of the coupons is also guaranteed by the Saint Louis and San the public lands of the United States, although section 5 of that act excepted any Francisco R41ilway Company and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad lands specially reserved from sale. Company, not exceeding 25 per cent. of the gross amount of their earnin~s respect In March, 1872, the Texas and Pacific Railway Company acquired by :purchase ively dnrin(J' the six months precedin.,. the dna date of such coupons. The mort and consolidation all of the franchises and property: of the Southern Pacific Rail gage provid'es that the net proceeds o'f the land grant shall be used solely for the road Company, a corporation organized under the laws of Texas, and operatin~ payment of interest on the first and second mortgage bonds, for the principal and sixty-six miles of road between o::::;hreveport and Longview, with a rig:ht to extena. mterest of any advances made by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe and the its fine to El Paso. It subsequently acquired. in like manner, the charter privi Saint Louis and San Francisco Railroad Companies, and for the purchase and can leges and property of the Southern Transcontinental Railway Company, organ cellation of the first-mortgage bonds. ized under the laws of Texas, with right to construct a road from the northeast The Atchison, Topeka iind Santa Fe Railroad Company and the Saint Lonis and boundary of the State to El Paso, and tlie property and franchises of the Memphis, San Francisco Railway Company each own one-half of the capital stock of the El Paso and Pacific Railroad Company, another Texas corporation. Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company. • On May 31, 1880, the number of miles of road operated was as follows, namely: Fifty miles of the western division of this road have just been reported ready From Shreveport, Louisiana, to Fort Worth, Texas .•...... •.•.•••••.••••• 219.69 for examination by commissioners-making one hundred miles in all completed From Texarkana to Sherman .•...•.•....••••...... ••..•..••.••...... •. 155.12 west of Albuquerque to date. From Marshall to Texarkana Junction .... _. . . • • • ...... • . . . . • • . . . . . • . . . • • 69.05 The Southtrn Pacific Railroad Oompany.-Tha Southern Pacific Railroad Com pany was incorporated under the laws of the State of California December 2, 1865. TotaL ••••••..••..•••••.•••••...... ••.•••••••...• ....•.....•••••..•. 44.3.86 On October 12, 18i0, articles of consolidation were entered into with the follow ing-named roads: San Francisco and San Jose, chartered August 18, 1860 ; Santa The first section, extending from Marshall to Dallas, a. distance of one hundred Clara and Pajaro Valley, chartered January 2,1868; and California Southern, char and forty-seven miles, was accepted by the President of the United States April 7, tered January 2-2, 1870. The Southern Pacific Branch Railroad Company, char 1874; the second section. extending frOm Marshall to boundary-line between Lou tered December 23, 1872, was consolidated with thi.s road August 19, 1873, and t.he isiana and Texas, (2-2.12 miles,) from Marshall to Texarkana, (74.23 miles,) and from Los Angeles and San Pedro Railroad Company, chart-ered February 18, 1868, on Shreveport to Brookston, (56.18 miles,) was accepted August 9, 1875. The last sec December 14, 1674. By virtue of the consolidation, the new company succeeds to tion, extending from Texarkana Junction to Brookston, and from Dallas to Fort all the rights, primeges, and franchises of the companies named above. Worth, a distance of one hundred and twenty-seven miles, was accepted March 8, Section '1.8 of the act of Con~ess approved Jnly 27, 1866, which chart.ered the 1877. Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, authorized this company to connect with The company has already entered into a contraet for the completion of the road the road of that company at such point on the boundary-line of the State of Cali from Fort Worth to El Paso, a distance of six hundred miles. The work was fornia as they sball. deem most suitable for a railroad line to San Francisco, and to commenced March 5, 1880, and the whole line is to be completed by January 1, aid in its construction, similar grants of land were made to the Southern Pacific 1883. ';.<;o • Railroad Company, subject to all the conditions and limitations prescribed for said The quantity of land granted to the Texas and Pacific Railway Company is es Atlantic and Pacific R:illroad. timated at 18,000,000 acres, lying in Mexico, Arizona, and California. ·No lands The sections of tbe main line were accepted by the President of the United have been earned by construction of railroad in California or the Terriwries, and States, as follows : consequently none liave yet vested in the company; but the right of way'and the land grant are subject, under the provisions of section 17 of the charter aet and section 5 of the supplemental act of May 2, 1872, to such action as Congress may Number of section. Miles. Date. deem necessary to secure a speedy completion of the road. -*~~~ The cost ()f construction and equipment on May 31, 1880, is reported at :n, 418,- 107.94, which includes expenditures for surveys and location of entire line of 1,457 First section, San Jose to Gilroy ..•..••.•...... •. 30.26 January 19, 187L. miles west of Fort Worth. The average cost per mile is $61,771. · • Second section, Gilroy to Tres Pinos ...... •.•••.••••. 20. 00 October 23, 1871. The Southern Pa-cific Railroad Oompany.-The act of Congress approved March Third section, from Goshen, south .•...•.•••••••.••. 20. 00 October 1, 1872. 3, 1871, which incorporated the Texas Pacific, provides, in section 23, that for the Fourth section, commencing at twentieth mile .•....•. 20. 00 August 6, 1873. purpose of connecting the Texas Pacific Railroad with the city of San Francisco the Fifth section, commencing at fortieth mile ••••••.... 20. 00 October 23, 1874. Southern Pacific P..ailroad Company of California is authorized to construct a line Sixth section, commencing at sixtieth mile .••...... 20. 00 August 23, 1875. of railroad from a point at or near Tehachapa Pass, by wa.y of Los Angeles, to the Seventh section, commencing at eightieth mile, near Texas Pacific Railroad at or near the Colorado River, with the same rights, grants, Bea.leville ..•...... ••••••.••...... ••.•••..•••• 20. 00 June 16, 1876. and privileges, and subject to the same limitations, restrictions, and conditions as Eighth section, from Goshen, (west) near Lamoore .. 20.00 January 25, 1877. were granted by the act of July 27, 1866, before referred to. Ninth section, from Lamoore to Huron ..•...•••••.••. 20. 00 February 21, 1877. The grant of land under this act, being 12,800 acres per mile of road from the Tenth section, from near Bealeville to Mojave ....••. 41. 66 February 13, 1878. Colorado River at or near Fort Ynmato::Mojave-346.96rirlles-amountsto 4,441,088 acres, supposing none of the land to have been otherwise disposed of. ' .The road Total ••.•••••••••.•.•.•••••••••••••.•••••.••••• 231. ?2 ha>ing been constructed, was accepted by the President of the United States as follows, namely: t From Mojave to the eastern boundary of the State and from Tres Pinos to Huron. Sections. Miles. Date. the fol'IDer about two hundred miles in length and the latter varying according to route from one hundred to one hundred and sixty miles, remain unbuilt, and the lands granted remain unvested in the company. The total land grant under the act Section 1. ..•...... ••• •••••• ...•.. ...••. .••.•• .•. ..• •••.•••. 50 May 9,1874 of 1866 was, say, for five hundred and eighty-eight miles, at 12,~0 acres per mile, ;7,526,400 acres. Of this grant 2,768,576 acres have vested in the company by virtue Section 2. .•..•• ...• .. .•.••••••• .• .•.••• .••••. ...•.. ••••. ... 50 Nov. 11,1875 of the construction of the 231.92 miles of road referred to, and 4,757,824 remain un Section3 ...... •..•.•..•..•..•...•.•••.••..•.•..•...... •. 50 Jan. 21,1876 earned by construction and unvested. No part of the line aided IJy a land grant Section 4...... • .••.•• .•.•.• .••••• .••••• •••••• .••.•••. 78.59 Mar. · 2,1877 is now under construction ; nor is it believed• that the company ha-s any intention Section 5 ...... •••••...•.• ·"···· ..•..••.•..••.•••..•...••. 118. 37; Jan. 23, 1878 to construct their road from :Mojave eastward. For a statement of the sales of land, cost of construction, and other matters connected with the Southern Pacific Total ...... •....•..•..••..•.•••.•••••..•..•••••.•.••. 346.96 reference is made to that part of the report embracing the Texas Southern route immediately succeeding this. On December 31, 1879, the total length of road completed and in operation was THE TEXAS SOL"TBEIL\", OR ROUTE OX THIRIT·SECOXD PARALLEL OF LATITUDE. as follows: Northern division: Miles. The Texas and Pacific Railway Oompany.-This company wa-s chartered by the From San Francisco to Tres Pinos .•••.•••••.•••••.••••••••.••..••••.•••••• 100.49 act of Congress approved March 3, 1871, entitled " An act to incorporate the Texas From Carnadero to Soledad...... 60.40 Pacific Railroad Company, and to aid in the construction of its road, and for other purposes." (16 Stats., 573; see Auditor's Report for 1880, pa"'e 170.) Total .••..•••.•...... ••.••••••••••.••.....••••••••••••••••••••••••• 160.89 r Section 1 designates the route, which may be stated. as fofiows, namely : From a point at or near Marshall, Texas ; thence to a point at or near El Paso · thence Southern division: Milts. through New Mexico and Arizona to a point on the Rio Colorado, at or ~ear the From Huron, via Goshen and Los Angeles, to west bank of Colorado River •• 528. 56 southwestern boundary of California; thence to San. Diego, pursuing in the loca From Los Angeles to Wilmington ...•..•••..••••••••• :. :-:-:~ •.••••• :~:... 22. 06 tion thereof as near as may be·the thirty-second parallel of north latitude. The company was vested with all the powers, privileges, and immunities neces· Total .•••.....•...•••••.••.••••••••..••.••••••• ·············.:···.· .•.. 550.62 .sary to carry into effect the purposes of the aet. Total miles of railroad owned, 711. 51 ; of which 578.88 have been subsidized with Section 8 grants a right of way through the public lands to the extent of two a land grant from the United States. XI-83 1314 CONGRESS! ON .A.L RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 71 The Southern Division is leased to and operated by the Cflntral Pacific R-ailroad known as 'desert land,' totally incapable of being made useful for the suRport of Company; lease terminable in five years from January 1, l EBO, or when eastern con vegetation or animal life. However, where there is running water sufficiently nections are ma-de. near, portions of it may be used for pasturage. * * * The Southern Pacific Rail The quantity of land cQ-vered by the grants to this company is estimated by the road Company would be glad to co-operate with the Go,ernment in any plan General Land Office at 9 520,000 acres. whereby its alternate sections could be leased or sold in large unbroken tracts for The quantity patented to the company to June 30, 1880, was 1,048,090.65 acres; of grazing; and there are millions of acres which it would be willing to sell for such wb:ich the sales to the same date have been 219,623.40 a~res, at an average price of purposes outright,attwentycentsan acre." On the other band, the company, in its e;J.64 per acre, amounting to ~ , 017 , 2!?5-8?· Sales are made for cash, or part cash printed annual report to the stockholders, speaks in the hi~hest terms of its lands. and the balance in five years' time, Wlth mterest at 7 per cent. per annum, payable The following extracts are taken from the report of the 1and commissioner: " I in advance. Of the above sales 120,000acres have b een sold forcashatabout 2 per cannot forbear, in this connection, alluding once more to the immense increase in acre and the remainder, 160,000 acres, on credit, at ne. -: ly ~per acre. agricultural productions, and. to the surprising effect of irrigation upon land in The proceeds of land sales are applied exclusively to the redemption of the com SOuthern California. * * * Lands previously of no value bnt as cattle ranges, pany's bonds. are now becoming the homesteads of thrifty, industrious families. * * * By the The quantity of land vested and unsold June 30, 1880, may be estimated at use of water, the valuable lucern known as alfalfa bas been introduced, and makes 5 407 55:i acres worth at a fair average >alue ~1.25 per acre. The company's esti it possible to sustain a greater :cumber of cattle. * * * This wonderful clo>er Diateof the ,aiue of the grants from the United States, as stated in their last annual can be cut three or four times in a season, realizing to the acre t-en or twelve tons report to their stockholders, is upwards of $40,000,000. of hay per annum. * * * Ent all that part of the State in which this company's The company's estimates, on account of both grants, are as follows: lands are situated is especially adapted by climate, soil and sitrultion, to the raising .Acres. of semi-tropical fruits. * * * Even where water, through canals, cannot be pro :Main line San Jose to Needles...... 7, 523,072.00 cured, the lands sell, the purchaser being able, by boring a well and the assist Eranch line, Mojave to Yuma...... 4, 441, 088.00 ance of a 'windmill,' to criltivate acres enough to support a family. Waste or 'desert lands' are thus made available or useful." Estimated total number of acres granted...... • . . . 11, 964, 160. 00 In regard to the ''mussel slough" lands, about which there bas been some trou Lees total number of acres sold to J nne 30, 18EO...... • • . 279, 623. 40 ble between the company and the settlers, the land agent says: "Had it not been for the discovery that portions of the land in the San Joaquin and Tulare Valleys Estimated numbers of acres unsold to June 30, 1880...... 11, 684, 536. 60 are susceptible to irrigation by diverting the streams from the mountains upon them by means of extensive canals and systems of irrigating ditches, the best Estimated quantity earned by construction of road...... 7, 4.13, 760.00 lands of the company would have been unsalable to this day, and, like the other Estimated quantity capable of being earned...... 4, 550,400.00 portions referred to, would have been regarded as desert lands. So soon as this ----- was made obvious a number of that improvident and speculating class to be found Total ...... 11,964,160.00 in all communities rushed in upon the lauds within the limits of the grant, and, in defiance of the law and the officers of the courts, sought to set up claims as pre The land !l;e;ent of the company says: "It is difficult to estimat-e the quantity of emptors or technical 'settlers.' Their very presence, their threats as well a:s their land that will eventually inure to the company from these land grants, as there are open resistance to the company, with the aid of demagogues who sought to profit included within the liml.ts large areas of Spanish grants and lands otherwise ex by their trespass, made it difficult or impossible for the company to dispose of the cepted. It is not at all probable that there will be sufficient available lands be lands in the vicinity. In this lawless way the wishes of the railroad company and longing to the United States within the indemnity limits to make good these de the purposes of Congress in making the grant were defeated. But for this unto ficiencies." He also says: "At the time this grant was made, the value of the ward interruption of the course of law, which has only very slowly been con lands was rated as trifling, as the best land in Southern California ha-d long been demned by the executive and judicial officers, the company would have been en held and occupied by Spanish-speaking residents and their descendants, and were abled to transfer into the hands of solid and respectable persons many thousands devoted almost wholly to grazing purposes, several acres in the average being re of acres, and with the traffic derived from their cultivation it would have been abl& quired per head of stock. So broken, dry, and forbidding in aspect was the re to prosecute the work en the remaining ~ap in its lines of road." mainder still under the disposition of the Government , that no one, at that day, To .June 30, 1880, the cost of construction of the 711.51 miles of railroad owned ima~ed it could be of the slightest assistance toward the building of the road, by this company was 62,919,109.72, and of equipment 1,848,533.81. Total cost,. and the greater part of it so remains to this day. It resembles, and is commonly $64,767,643.23, or at an average r:rte of $91,082 per mile. GENERAL RECAPITULATIOX. • Northern Pa- Union Central Atlantic and Southern Pa- Items. cific. route. Pacific. cific. Texas Pacific. Total. Acres Jand granted, if all received ...... -· .... 57,920,000 41,458,924 51,840,000 11,967,488 18,000,000 181, 186,412 2 Acres estimated t() be obtained ...... -- 42,500,000 32,200,813 17,008,150 10,445,000 12,000,000 114,153,963. 3 Acres earned by construction, and vested .•••.•.•••••...... •.. 15,000,000 30, 419,181 1, 140, 000 5,687,176 None. 52,246,357 4 Acres patent-ed to companies ...... -...... ---· 746, 509 8, 388,155 504,536 1, 048,090 None. 10,687,290 5 Acres sold by companies ...... _...... 2, 600, 000 5, 469,004 215,000 279,623 None. 8, 563,627 6 Amount realized from sales ...... e!l, ooo, ooo oo 25,742, 'i 9 00 $623,750 00 1, 017,256 00 None. $36, 383, 795 00 7 $3 46 471 $290 $3 64 None. $4 25. 8 ±~:!:;:ft~J,etfnC:Oi;f:~-_-_-_- _- _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- _- _- _- :::: _-::::: _- _-:: 12,400,000 24, 950,177 925, 000 5, 407, 553 None. 43, 682,730 9 Estimated value ...... --.-- ...... $31, 000, 000 00 e39, 2 o. 499 oo ~1, 50,000 00 $6, 759, 441 00 None. $78, 889, 940 00 10 Acres unvested by reason of non-construction ....••••••..•.. --- 27,500,000 1, 781,632 15,868,150 4, 757,824 12,000,000 61,907, 606 11 Estimated value ...... -- ...... ~68, 750, 000 00 $4, 454, 0 0 00 31, 736, 300 00 ~. 947, 280 00 $24, 000, 000 00 134, 887, 660 00 "1, 061 12 Miles subsidized with lands ...... - ...... 2, 450 3, 187.82 2, 500 929 840 ~ 10, 967. 82. { *132 .. 444 13 Miles constructed or owned ...... 680 3, 414.92 175 579 l 5, 424.92 14 Cost of same ...... -- ...... S24, 3!J3, 416 oo $318, 352, 888 00 i$30, 691, 974 00 $64, 767, 643 00 27, 418,108 00 465, 584, D-29 00 la Cost per mile of same ...... ·--- ...... $35,813 00 ~3,224 00 ~so, 768 oo 91,08-2 00 e61, 111 oo $82,698 oo . *617 16 Miles to be constructed ...... 1,865 139.19 2,325 350 { 840 } 6,136.19 17 Estimated cost of same- ...... $50, 110, 000 00 $5, 600, 000 00 $58, 125, 000 00 10, 500, 000 00 43, 710, 000 00 168, 045, 000 00 18 Costner mile of same ...... ------...... --- .... $26,868 00 40,000 00 ~.ooo oo $30,000 00 eao, ooo oo $27,385 00 19 Totaf miles of route or system ...... 2, 700 3, 554 2,500 929 1, 901 11,584 20 Total cost of same ...... $75, 000, 000 00 $323, 952, 888 00 88, 816, 974 00 75, 267, 643 00 $71, 128, 108 00 $634, 165, 613 00 21 ToW cost per mile of same...... 2t<, 000 00 $91,151 00 $a;>, 526 00 1, 020 00 $37,416 OQ $54,745 0(} 22 Estimated present cost of similar railroad ..••••.••..••. -••..••. $75, 000, 000 00 .,.91, 069,300 OQ ~(), 000, 000 00 $23, 2-l5, 000 00 $47,525, 000 06 $286, 819, 300 00 . 23 Estimated cost of same per mile ...... ,.28, 000 00 $25,624 00 $20,000 00 ..,.25, 000 00 20,000 00 24,760 00 * Unsubsidized. t 380 miles. F rom this recapitulation it will be seen tba t there remain " unTested," by rea The Texas and Pacific act contains no provision of the kind referred to, and has· son of non-construction of the respective railroads for which grants -were made, no section or clause providing for a.ny repeal of the charter or grants. thefollowinglands: The Southern Pacific obtained its grant under the Atlantic and Pacific charter .Acres. and is subject to the same conditions as that company. Northern Pacific ...... ---- ...... 27,500,000 The California and Ore~on act, page 17B of Auditor's report for 18 0, in sec tion e, provides that " all tne lands not conve,ed by patent to said company or l~~~iaa:d~~~J~~--::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1~: ~~~ : ~~~ companies, as the case may be, at the date of any such failure, shall revert to the· out hern Pacific...... 4, 757,824 UnitE:d States." Texas and Pacific ...... 12,000,000 THEO'S FRENCH, Of these railroads the Northern Pacific, the Atlantic and Pacific, and the Texas .Auditor of Railroad .Accounts. and Pacific are vigorously pushing forward the work of construction ; and it may LIGHTL"tG THE PL'BLIC BUILDIXGS. be reasonably calculated that these railroads will be completed within the .next in three years. The California. and Oregon uncompleted road extends from Reddin~ Mr. ELLIS, by unanimous consent, submitted a resolution ref-. to the northern line of the State of California, a distance of about one hundred ann erence to lighting the public buildings and grounds in the District· fifty miles. and the country there is of such a mountainous character as to require of Columbia·with electricity; which was referred to the Committee. heavy work and great expense, so much so that it is >ery doubtful if the road on Public Buildings and Grounds. · will ever be built. The Southern Pacific uncompleted road extends from Tres Pinos to Huron, across SYMPATHY FOR THE PEOPLE OF IRELAND. the coast ran~e, a difficult and costly line; and from Mojave to the eastern line of 1\Ir. GILLETTE, by unanimous consent, introduced a resolution . the State of California, a.t or near a. point called " The Needles," o>er a desert country. Neither of these parts of the Southern Pacific are under construction, expressing sympathy for the present condition of affairs in Ireland; and, as in fue California and Oregon case, it is very doubtful when they will be which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. built, if e.er. As to the forfeiture of any of these grants, the opinion of the Attorney-General DIPROVE~'T OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. of the U"nited States in the case of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company is Mr. GILLETTE also, by unanimous consent, presented resolutions· given on· page 111 of my last annual report. of the Board of Trade of the city of Des Moines, Iowa, praying for The Northern Pacific act is similar to that which ~nted lands to the Atlantic . and Pacific in respect to the provisions for any action by Congress looking to a the improvement of the Mississippi River; which were referred to . completion of the road. the Committee on Commerce. I 1881. CONGRESSIONAL · RECORD-HOUSE. 1315 CO~TAGIOUS DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ~"'DIALS. be made in accordance with the rnles of the House, shonld not be Mr. ANDERSON, by unanimous · consent, presented a memorial of read as explaining the provisions of the measure to which it relates, the Legislature of the State of Kansas, in relation t o contagious dis if demanded. The Chair can conceive of no other object in making , eases of domestic animals. the report. It is, in fact, part of the record coming from the com mittee. PUBLIC BL'ILDING cr LEXL.~GTON, KENTUCKY. Mr. BLA.i"'il). The report accompanying the resolution is no part Mr. BLACKBURN, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. of the question on which a vote is to be taken. If fifteen minutes No. 7155) to provide for the erection of a public building for the use be allowed for debate upon the resolution, and the report is read of the United States post-office, revenue office, and such other Gov within the fifteen min:!ltes, it will probably come within the language ernment offices as may be located at Lexington, Kentucky; which of the rule. was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Pub The SPEAKER. The Chair does not take it out of the fifteen min lic Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to be printed. utes allowed for debate. . CO~G THE ELECTORAL VOTE. Mr. BLAND. It might take all day to read it. I object to its read The SPEAKER. The Chair, in obedience to the authority given ing. I have a right to object to it. This is a motion to suspend the by the concurrent resolution of the two Houses for the purpose of rules. counting the electoral votes for President and Vice-President of the Mr. MURCH. I make the point of order, Mr. Speaker, that this is United States, appoints as tellers on the part of the House Mr. HousE, a committee report. The time for reading the report shonld not come of Tennessee, and Mr. CROWLEY, of New York. out of the :fifteen minutes if it is a committee report. If it is an in dividual report the time of the reading of the report shonld come ORDER OF BUSL"ffiSS. out of the -time allowed for individual discussion upon it. The SPEAKER. The Chair will cause to be read Rule XXVIII The SPEAKER. The Chair does not see any distinction if the re governing the order of business for to-day. port is authorized in manner as has been stated by the Chair. The The Clerk read as follows : Chair thinks that the reading of the report is a right which can be No standing rule or order of the House shall be ~escinded or changed without demanded. one day's notlce of the motion therefor, and no rule shall be suspended except by Mr. BLAND. Unless it is in order one objection wonld prevent its a vote of two-thirds of the members present, nor shall the Speaker entertain a motion to suspend the rules except on the first and third Mondays of eaeh month being read. I say that it is not in order under a motion to suspend after the call of States and Territories shall have been completed, preference being the rules. The Chair will remember that the mere motion to suspend given on the first Monday to individuals and on the third Monday to committees, the rules does not suspend them. The rules we apply to this are still and during the last six days of a session. · in force. 2. All motions to suspend the rules shalL before being submitted to the House, be seconded by a majonty by tellers, if demanded. Mr. BRIGHT. Let me suggest, Mr. Speaker, that in my judgment .3. When a motion to suspend the rules has been seconded, it shall be in order, the reading of the report is but a part of the record of the case . before the final vote is taken thereon, to debate the proposition to be voted upon The SPEAKER. The Chair has so held. for thirty minutes, one-half of such time to be given to debate in favor of and one Mr. BLAND. The point that I make is that no debate is allowed half to debate in opposition to, such proposition, and the same right of debate shall be allowed whenever the previous question has been ordered on any proposition on on the motion to suspend the rules. This is a motion to suspend the which there has been no debate. rules, and the reading of the report is in the nature of debate. The SPEAKER. The Chair is of opinion that under the new rules, "ID\'ITED STATES A...~D BRITISH PROVINCES RECIPROCITY TREATY. the gentleman will remember, fifteen minutes' debate is allowed on Mr. BOWMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask to suspend the rules and pass the motion to suspend the rules and pass a meaapre. the joint resolution which I send to the Clerk's desk. Mr. CONGER. I ask that the resolution proposed be read again. The SPEAKER. The resolution will be read. The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks it is perfectly idle to read the The Clerk read as follows: resolution unless members are silent in the House . .Resolr;ed by the Senate and House of .Representatives of the United States of A me-r· Mr. COX. I think I can solve this question by one word. This is ica in Congress assembled, That whereas it appears desirable that reciprocal rela. tians should exist between the United States and the British provinces adjacent to the day for individual motions to suspend the rules. This report our northern frontier, upon a basis assimilating to that of the reciprocal treaty comes from the Committee on Foreign Affairs. The gentleman from heretofore existin~ and now abro~ated, as far as the present conditions of our in· 1\Iassachusetts makes this on his own individual responsibility. I dusny render desrrable, the President of the United States be, and hereby is, au submit, therefere, the report need not necessarily be read to-day, even thorized to appoint three commissioners, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to confer with other commissioners to be appointed by the Government of though some member call for the reading of it. Great Britain, whenever itshall be the wish of that goverrunenttoappointcommis Mr. BLAND. The point I make is that the report can only be read sioners on its part; such commissioners on the part of this Government to ascertain as a part of the fifteen minutes' debate on each side allowed by the and report on what basis a treaty of reciprocal trade for the mutual benefit of the rule. people of the United States and the said provinces can be negotiated. The SPEAKER. The Chair will cause to be read Rn1e XXXI. The SPEAKER. Is there a report accompanying this resolution T The Clerk read as follows: Mr. COX. There is a very lengthy report. When the readin.,. of a paper other than on~ upon which the House is called to The SPEAKER. The Chair understands that there is a unanimous give a final vote is CYemanded, and the same is objected to by any member, it shall report from the Committee on Foreign Affairs as to this bill. be determined without debate by a vote of the House. Mr. COX. There is a minority report. Mr. BLAND. That is one of the rules of the House, and it is a rn1& The SPEAKER. Then the Chair is mistaken. which can be suspended. Mr. MILLS. What is the question pending'? The SPEAKER. It is not yet suspended. The SPEAKER. The motion of the gentleman from Mas~achnsetts Mr. BLAND. This is a motion to suspend the rn1es. s to suspend the rules and put upon its passage the joint resolution The SPEAKER. The motion to suspend does not suspend the rules. with amendments aa reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs Before the House actually votes to suspend the rules, the rules are not and just read by the Clerk. suspended. Mr. MILLS. Is it open for debate¥ Mr. CONGER. I submit to the Chair, that if the question of read The SPEAKER. It will be under the rule if the motion to suspend ing the report from a committee on a measure sought to be passed is is seconded by tellers. The Chair is informed that the committee to be determined by the House, then the value of having a report recommend certain amendments, which the Clerk will report. from a committee would be in a great measure lost. I do not think The Clerk read as follo-ws : the Chair has ever decided that the rule applies to the reading of re The committee recommend that the following words be stricken out: ports of committees when the question is on the passage of the bill "Whereas it appears desirable that reciprocal relations should exist between the United States and the British provinces adjacent ·to our northern frontier, upon or resolution to which the report relates. a basis assimilating to that of the reciprocal treaty heretofore existing and now The SPEAKER. The Chair is clearly of opinion the report ought abrogated, as far as the present conditions of our industry render desirable." to be read, but under Rule XXXI he proposes to submit that ques Also, in line 9, strike out the word "authorized" and insert "requested;" in tion to the House. line 15 strike out the words "a treaty of," and in line 17 strike out the word "ne gotiated" and insert ''established." Mr. CONGER. If the reading of the report can be demanded a.s a With the proposed amendments the joinl resolution reads as follows: right, the Chair should not submit the question to the House, ".Resolr:ed, &c., That the President of the United States be, and hereby is, requested whether it shon1d be rea-d, but shonld rule that it must be read. to appoint three commissioners, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, The SPEAKER. This is perhaps not a paper "upon which the to confer with other commissioners to be appointed by the Government of Great Britain, when ever it shall be the wish of that government to appoint commissioners Honse is called to give a :final vote," as described in Rnle XXXI, but on its part; such commissioners on the part of this Government to ascertain and it is clearly part of the record from the committee. report on what basis reciprocal trade, for the mutual benefit of the people of the :Mr. CONGER. I desire the resolution to be again read. United States and the said provinces, can be established." Mr. RICE. I rise to ask a parliamentary question. :Mr. BREWER. I ask for the reading of the report accompanying The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. that resolution. Mr. RICE. Can the views of the minority be read as well as the Mr. BLA?\"'D. I rise to a question of order. report of the committee f The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. The SPEAKER. The Chair supposes they won1d be read also. Mr. BLAND. This is a motion to suspend the rules and pass the Mr. RICE. Both shon1d be read, if either. joint resolution. That motion baa not yet been adopted. If that Mr. BLAND. It is well understood, pending a motion to BUBpend motion be adopted it suspends all the rules, also the rule, if there be the rnles, no debate is in order on that motion. one, authorizing the reading of this report without objection. The SPEAKER. On the contrary, the new rules provide that thirty The SPEAKER. The Chair cannot understand wb.y a report of the minutes' debate be allowed. House which is directed to be made by the House, and required to Mr. BLAND. Ihad not got through with my statement. The new I • CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE: FE;BRUARY 7' rules only make this exception: that the proposition may be debated The SPEAKER. The Chair makes no ruling, except to submit for thirty minutes, ·fifteen minutes in favor of it and fifteen minutes under Rule XXXI the question of the reading of this paper to a vote on the other side. And I submit that the reading of the report can of the House. Any other ruling of the Chair would be arbitrary; come in under that debate and in no other way. and would take away from the majority of the House the power ~ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Michigan asks that the reso control its own business. lution be again read. The Clerk will again report it. Mr. RICE. I understand that includes the views of the minority The resolution was again read. as well as the report of the majority. Mr. BOWMAN. If I may be allowed to make a suggestion I think The SPEAKER. The Chair so stated. The question now is, Will we can dg away with the reading of the report. The gentlemen who the House dispense with the reading of the report of the committeet are in favor of this re olution and those who take the lead in repre The question was taken; and upon a division there were-ayes 73, senting the opposition to it I understand are willing to dispense with noes 77. the reading of the report and to have the matter explained on the Before the result of the vote was announced, floor during the half hour allowed for debate. I hope no one will Mr. SPARKS said: A number of gentlemen around me have voted insist on the reading of the report. We will have half an hour for by mistake. debate after the motion is seconded. The SPEAKER. That is their own fault, not the fault of the Chair. Mr. BREWER. I insist on the reading of the report. On dispensing with the reading of the report there are-ayes 73, noes The SPEAKER. The Chair will submit the question to the House 77. whether the paper shall be read. Mr. BLU"'D. I call for tellers on that question. Mr. DUNNELL. I doubt whether the House understands the ques The question was taken upon ordering tellers, and there were 31 in tion to be submitted. as there has boon a good deal of disorder. the affirmative. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. Bow- So (the affirmative being one-fifth of a q no rum) tellers were ordered 1\I.AN] moves to suspend the rules and pass a joint resolution coming and Mr. BLAND and Mr. BoWMAN were appointed. ' from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, unanimously recommended The House again divided; and the tellers reported that there were- by that committee. ayes 93, noes 69. Mr. COX. Not unanimously. Before the result of this vote was announced, The SPEAKER. The Chair begs pardon and corrects himself. Mr. CLYMER called for the yeas and nays. There are minority views. The yeas and nays were ordered, there being 41 in the affumative; Mr. RICE. A large minority. more than one-fifth of the last vote. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. BREWER] de ~Ir. FORT. I would like to have the question again stated by the mands the reading of the report of the committee. Under Rule XXXI, Chair, as many gentlemen do not understand it. which the Chair has caused to be read, the Chair now proposes to The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion that the House submit the question as to the reading of the report to be determined disp~nse with the. r~ading of t.he report of the Committee on Foreign by the House. Affarrs upon the JOmt resolutiOn, for the passage of which a suspen Mr. SPRINGER. I submit to the Chair that this being a motion to sion of the rules has been moved. suspend the rules includes that rule as well as others. Mr. FORT. That would include the minority report a1 of The SPEAKER. But the rules. are not suspended until the motion The SPEAKER. It would. ia carried, and the Chair thinks these reports are part of the record The question was taken; and there were-yeas 162, nays 84, not from the committee. voting 46; as follows : Mr. SPRINGER. I ask the Chair to allow me one moment. YEAB-162. The SPEAKER. The Chair will hear the gentleman. Acklen, Dwight, Lounsbery, Shallenberger, Mr. SPRINGER. This is a motion to suspend the rules. Under the Aiken, Elani, Ma.nnin • Shelley, rule which allows the gentleman from Massachusetts to make his mo Aldrich,)\. w. Ellis Martin, ~enj. F. Simonton, Armfield, EvinS, Martin, Edward L. Singleton, J. W. tion, it is provided there shall be allowed on either side so much time Atkins, Felton, McKenzie, Singleton, 0. R. for disGussion. Now, the reading of this report is in the nature of Bailey, Fisher, McLane, Slemons, debate, but it must come within the rule in regard to motions to sns Bailou, Forney, MoMillin Smith, Hezekiah B. pend theruleswhich allows a certainamountof debateoneitherside. Barber, Forsythe, Mi.lls ' Smith, William E. Beale, Fort, Mitchell, Speer, This is not the time for that debate. Therefore it is not in order to Berry, Frost, Money, Springer, demand the reading of this report to the exclusion of all other busi Bingham, Frye, Morse, Stephens, ness; nor is it competent for the Chair to submit that question to the Blake, Geddes, Morton, Stone, House previous to the motion to suspend the rules. ~~d, Gillette, Murch, Talbott, Goode, Myers, Thompson, P. B. The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks the report is part of the record Bouck, Gunter, New, Tillman., of the case; but he thinks it is that part of the record which, under Bewman, Hall, Nicholls, Townsend, Amos Rule XXXI, the House by a majority vote has a right to dispense with. Bright, Hammond, John Norcross, Tucker, Mr. SPRINGER. I ask the Chair whether the reading of the report Browne, Harmer, O'Connor, Turner, Thomas Buckner, Harris, Benj. W. O'Neill, Updegraff, J. T. is not in the nature of debate' Cabell, Harris, John T. O'Reilly, Upson, The SPEAKER. The Chair is net called upon to decide that point Carlisle, Haskell, Orth, Vance, at present. Chalmers, Hatch, Persons, VanVoorhis, Mr. SPRINGER. I call upon the Chair to decide that point now. Chittenden, Hazelten, Phelps, Clafiin, Henderson, Phister, ~~:Itii· The SPEAKER. The Chair does not decide except what he is re Clardy, Herbert, Pound, w· ' quired to decide. The majority of the House can determine by their Clark, John B. Herndon, Price, w~i vote whether the report shall be read or not. Clements, Hill, Ray, Washburn, Col erick, Hiscock, Reag·an, Weaver, Mr. BLAND. I rise to a question of order. Converse, Hostetler, Reed, Wellborn, The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Covert, Honk, Richardson, D.P. Wel.la, Mr. BLAND. HowcanamajorityoftheHouse do awaywitharuleV Cowgill, House, Richardson, J. S. White The SPEAKER. Th~ rule says a majority shall determine as to Crapo, Hunton, IOObertson, White~ker, Cravens, Hnrd, IOObinson, Whitthorne, the reading. Culberson, Johnston, 100 s, Williams, Thomas Mr. BLAND. The majority of the House cannot suspend a rule. Davidson, Kelley, Russell, Daniel L. Willis, The SPEAKER. But the rules are not yet suspended. This, the Davis, Joseph J. Kenna, Russell, Wm. A. Wood, Walter A. Chair thinks, is a part of the record; and the reading of the report, DeLa.Matyr, Killinger, Ryan, Thomas Wright, Dibrell, Kimmel, Ryon, John W. Yeates, when demanded, should be determined by the House. Otherwise a Dickey, La-dd, Slimford, Young, Casey. precedent might be established which might be dangerous in the Dunn, LeFevre, Sawyer, future. Dunnell, Loring, Scales, Mr. BLAND. It takes a two-thirds vote to suspend the rules and NAYS-84. direct the reading of the report. Aldrich, William Coffroth, Hooker, Prescott, The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks his decision is an equitable one, Anderson, Conger, Horr, Rice, and in accordance with fair play and common sense. Baker, Cook, Hubbell, Robeson, Mr. Beltzhoover, Cox, Keifer, IOOthwell, ROBINSON. I wish to ask the Chair whether the question to Bicknell, Crowley, Kitchin, Sapp, be submitted to the House as to the reading of the report carries with Bisbee, Dag~ett, Lapham. Scoville, it the reading of the views of the minority 'i Blount, DaVIS, George R. Lindsey, Sherwin, The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks both. Boyd, Davis, Horace Lowe, Smith, A. Herr Bragg, Davis, Lowndes H. Marsh, Sparks, Mr. ROBINSON. I desire further to ask the-Chair whether an ap Brewer, Deering, Mason, Steele, peal is pending, and whether the House is voting on any appeal from Briggs, Dick, McCoid, Taylor, Ezra B. the decision of the Chair at this time. Brigham. Einstein, McCook, Thomas, The SPEAKER. The Chair does not know of any. There may be Burrows, Errett, McGowan, Thompson, Wm. G. Caldwell, Ferdon, McKinley, Townshend, R. W. an appeal upon another question of business, not now before the Calkins, Field, Monroe, Turner, 0 car House. Camp, Ford, Morrison, Tyler, Mr. ROBINSON. I made that inquiry because the Honse should Cannon, God.sha.Ik:, Newberry, Updegraff, Thomas understand that this vote does not settle this question for the future; Carpenter, Hammond, N. J. Osmer, Valentine, Caswell, Hawk, Pacheco, Warner, only that the Honse will or will not hear this report read. If the Clymer, Hayes, Philips, Williams, C. G. Chair should now make a ruling on the question-- Cobb, Hellm.a.n, Poehler, Wise. 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1317 NOT VOTING-46. personal privilege and demand asks for a suspension of the rules on Atherton, Hawley, Knott, Stevenson. a particular subject, who is to question his statement 7 It is just' as Bachman, Henkle, McMahon, Taylor, R{)bert L. much his right to move a suspension of the rules under such circum Barlow, Henry, Miles, Urner, Bayne. Humphrey, Miller, VanAernam, stances as though no committee had acted on the bill. The gentle: Belford, Hutchins, Muldrow, Wilber, man stands here on his individual right. .Blackburn, James, Muller, Willits, 1\lr. KENNA. I desire to ask a question. Suppose the time should Butterworth, Jones, Neal, Wilson, come in the histor:v of this session when there collld be no further Clark, Alvah A. Jorgensen, O'Brien, Wood, Fernando possible opportunity for a committee to move to suspend-the rules, Deuster, Joyee, Overton, Yocum, Ewing, Ketcham. Page, Young, Thomas L. what is there in the rnles to prevent an individual member in such Finley, King, Richmond, case from offering in his own right a bill that may have been pre Gibson, Klotz, Starin, pared by such a committee 1 So the reading of the report was dispensed with. Mr. CARLISLE. The committee might reconsider its action. At the conclusion of the second roll-call, Mr. KENNA. That adds strength to my proposition that it is the Mr. BOWMAN askedconsent tha.tthe reading of the names be dis- individual right of the member to effer a bill and have a vote of the pensed with. House upon it without regard to the action of the eoinmittee. 1\Ir. CA1t1P objected. Mr. AIKEN. I had no instruction from the committee further than The Clerk proceeded to read the names of those voting; after which to ask for a suspension of the rnles on the third Monday in January to The following pairs were announced : . . pass this bill. It was not called, and I thought it was nothing but :Mr. I!ER~ON with Mr. HAWLEY, for the day, on political ques- right and candid to say t-o the House that instruction had been given tions, each reserving the right to vote to make a quorum. to me by the committee. I now, upon my own responsibility, ask Mr. KLOTZ with 1\Ir. Ml:LLER, until Wednesday. that the bill be put upon its passage without regard to the action Mr. RICHMO~'D with Mr. JORGEXSE~. heretofore of the Committee on Agricnlture. I cannot see why I 1\Ir. HALmro:m>, of New York, with Mr. S~nTH, of New Jersey. have not that right as well as any other man on this floor. It matters Mr. OVERTO~ with 1\Ir. TAYLOR, of Tennessee. not whether that bill is in the hands of the committee or not. They Mr. MILES with Mr. SUiGLETO~, of illinois. may keep it till doomsday. I desire it to-day put upon its passage. Mr. CABWELL with Mr. BACID~. I move that the rnles be suspended and the bill be put upon its Mr. Jcms with Mr. O'BRIE~. passage. · :Mr. SMITH, of Georgia, with Mr. "WILBER, on political questions. The SPEAKER. The difficulty is one the gentleman has made Mr. HURD with1t!r. BUTTERWORTH. himself in stating that the committee acted on the subject with a '!'he result of the vote was then annonncecl as above stated. view to have the Honse suspend the rules. The SPEAKER. The question recurs upon the motion to suspend Mr. AIKEN. 'I'hat is not a portion of my motion at all. I beg par the rules. don of the Chair, but he misunderstands my motive. If it had been Mr. MILES. I call for a second of that motion. an adverse report from the Committee on Agricnltnre, I hold I would Tellers were ordered, and Mr. MILLS and Mr. BO\n~A.l"'{ were ap not have been allowed to present it. It was a favorable report from pointed. the committee; but inasmuch as the committee failed to effect what The House divided ; and the tellers reported t hat there were-ayes they desired, I now, as an individual member, ask permission, having 33,noes 119. · · received recognition from the Chair, to have it put upon its passage So the motion to suspend the rnles was not seconded. without reference to what the committee has done or may do. I DEPARTI!E.L""T OF AGRICU'LTURE. think it nothing more than the right I have. The SPEAKER. The Chair ne:s:t recognizes the gentleman from The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the bill. South Carolina, [1\Ir. AIKEN.] The Clerk read as follows: Mr. AIKEN. I was instructed by the Committee on Agriculture A bill (H. R. ~o. 4909) for the creation of a Department of .Agriculture. The SPEAKER. This is nQt the day for motions from committees Be it enacted, / . 1318 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, myself, I will yield the floor to the gentleman from New York, [.Mr. suggestions looking to the agricultural needs af the country come CoVERT,] chairman of the Committee on Agriculture. · for consideration. If this Department were made a Cabinet appoint The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York has fifteen min ment, he could do nothing more than he does now. He could do utes in opposition. no more than that if he had a seat in the Cabinet. I submit that :Mr. COVERT. Mr. Speaker, I occupy to some extent an embar if he held a Cabinet position he could do no more in the cause of rass~ng position so far as my action on the pending bill is concerned. agriculture than he has been enabled to do holding his present posi I have the honor to be chairman of the committee from which this tion. The only difference would be that according to the terms of this billemanates. I had tllepleasureof participatingwithmy associates bill there would be a multitude of minor officers under his immedi <~n that committee in the discussion which led to the formulation and ale control, a whole corps of subordinates, which would be constantly .adoption of the bill now before the House. I assnme, sir, that per increasing in numbers, all to be paid at the Government expense, haps the only important argument which is submitted for the adop and thereby creating positions that might be given out as a reward tion of this measure is in the fact that a large proportion of the peo for party services rendered or to come. And.the spectacle would be ple of this country who are engaged in industrial pursuits are en presented of this Department, originally designed to induce thou~~t gaged in someone branch of the business of agriculture. It seems to me and experimental action on the part of the agriculturists of tnis therein lies one great reason why thiR bill should not be adopted by this country, a bureau intended merely as an experimental department House and should not be enacted into law. We have, sir, the spectacle accordin~ to the terms of the act creatin~ it-the spectacle would be presented of a large class of the people, already strong in numbers, presentea, I say, of this institution, origrnally intended to subserve strong in material resources and abundantly able to protect their own good purposes, becoming a mere political position to be offered or interests, clamoring for the elevation of this department and for the awarded to somebody for political services. dispensing oi special favors to them, when, with the same glance, we Mr. DlTh,1U~LL. Will the gentleman permit me to ask him a ques see our commercial interests lying prostrate and our manufacturing tion¥ interests by no means such as they should be, yet no demand comes Mr. REAGAN. I hope the gentleman will not be interrupted in up from those engaged either in commerce or manufactures asking the short time allowed him. .special governmental intervention in their behalf. l\1r. Dm~TELL. I merely wish to ask the gentleman why, if this Mr. BLAND. I would like to ask the gentleman from New York a should be made a Cabinet position, it should make it any more a. question. political engine or department than any other Department of the Mr. COVERT. Certainly. Government f Mr. BLAND. I would like to ask the gentleman if nearly every Mr. COVERT. I will answer the gentleman. manufacturing and industrial interest in the country is not now pro Mr. DUNNELL. I mean properly conducted under the law. tected, except-- Mr. COVERT. I will give to my friend from Minnesota the reasons Mr. COVERT. I was referring, Mr. Speaker-- that have induced me to take the stand that I do in reference to this Mr. BLAND. I ask the gentleman from New York if it is not true matter, and I beg to assure him and this House that I have given to that nearly every interest in this country is not now protected, ex this question very considerable thought, and I did that because Ire cepting the farming interest Y garded it as a very important question for our consideration. I will Mr. COVERT. I was about to say, Mr. Speaker, that the remarks tell my friend from 1\finnesota that if this is made an Executive De I have made had reference solely and entirely to the subject of direct partment-a Cabinet position-ihat the various offices under the coa. governmental aid, which is invoked in favor of certnin classes of our trol of the Department will be parceled out as rewards for party people engaged in industrial pursuits. I know the argnment is used service. I submit, sir, that such a change as is contemplated would by those in favor of this bill that other countries have adopted this transform the Department into a medium for dispensing political system of governmental aid in this direction. But I beg to say to favors and conferring political rewards. gentlemen who use this as an argument that our theory of govern We find the law as it exists upon our statute-book to-day provides ment is fashioned upon another plan, upon another system, and is of for a comparatively cheap and inexpensive medium through which an entirely different sort from those governments abroad which ex and by which information on agricultural topics can be submitted to tend special aid in these various directions. In England, in France, the people. The Commissioner is paid a reasonable salary for his and in other European countries they extend governmental subsidies services. The Committee on Agriculture in formulating their appro in various directions that would not be dreamed of in our country. priation bills have adhered to the organic law by which this depart They extend governmental aid to art, to music, to the drama, as well ment was created; and we have been economical and saving in the as to various departments of labor which, under our system of gov adjustment of the salaries of its officers. ernment, would not receive any consideration of that character. The This bill upon which we are now called suddenly to act transforms design of the framers and founders of our Constitution was that the Commissioner into a Secretary of Agriculture, with the same every person and every class of industry here should stand entirely compensation as is given to Secretaries of other Executive Depart upon its own basis, without reference to governmental aid or special ments of the Government. It creates additional officers. An assist privileges. There is absolutely no warrant in the Constitution for ant secretary is provided at a. salary of $3,500. A veterinary division the so-called "elevation" of this Department of Agriculture, and no is established of a permanent character, with a corps of officers and warrant even for the establishment or existence of a Department of attaches, and permanency is given to the entomological bureau. Agriculture as it stands to-day. The secretary to be cr~ated is made to watch and report upon the con That Department, Mr. Speaker, stands to-day as the illegitimate dition of the labor market, and upon the details of freight tariffs and child of thie Government; and while every child, illegitimate or other business questions. All these details, which I have not the time otherwise, is entitled to support during its infancy, so I have very now to enumerate, much less to dwell upon, will call for the appoint cheerfully given, as other gentlemen have given, support to the De ment of men to public places. This bill, framed in the way I have partment of Agriculture so long as its existence was maintained and thus briefly attempted to outline, is not in harmony with the object the statute creating it remained unrapealed· upon the statute-book. and the purpose for which this department was originally created. But when we are asked here to go a step beyond this, to go and delib I defy any gentleman on this floor to read that organic act carefully erately erect this Department into a still higher one and make it a and refrain from the conclusiGn that this department was intended Cabinet department, then I desire to recqrd my emphatic opposition as a temporary and experimental department only. By this bill its to the measure. I say, without fear of successful contradiction, that commendable purposes are sought to be changed so that it shall be this request is not made by the real agriculturists of this country or come a medium for dispensing political favors. I claim there is noth by any relatively large number of thoughtful or intelligent men ing in the Constitution to warrant what is sought to be brought engaged in that business throughout the length and breadth of this about by the passage·of this law. land. The intelligent and thoughtful farmer belongs to his local Mr. DUNNELL. I submit to the gentleman that he has not yet grange, to his town, county, or State agricultural society, and has the answered my question. benefit of periodicals and newspapers published specially for his uses 1\fr. COVERT. I beg to say to my friend from Minnesota that I and his needs. These give him the latest experimental information have attempted to answer his question directly and fully. When on all questions in which he takes an interest in connection with his this proposition is presented to us, that the department as at present business. He is self-reliant, and does not come to besiege the doors constituted meets the demands made upon it and fully subserves the of Congress asking that this be made a Cabinet department or that purposes of the organic act which led to its existence, and when this the Commissioner be made a Cabinet officer under the Government. proposed bill seeks to largely increase the number of officials and I make the prophecy here and now that if this bill is enact-ed into augment their salaries, what conclusion can be reached except the a law, ifthispositioniselevated to a Cabinet position, it will become a very proposition my friend from Minnesota [Mr. DUN~"'ELL] seeks to political engine rather than a department of the Government intended combatY to foster and promote the interests of agriculture. Where, sir, is the Holding as I do, Mr. Speaker, that there is no authority and abso necessity of this Department as contemplated in this bill f Under lutely no warrant in the Constitution for the creation of an execu the law as it stands to-day theCommissionerofAgriculture, while he tive department of that character; believing that this action is not has not a sea.t in the Cabinet, yet .makes his reports directly to the pressed by any large majority of really thoughtful, intelligent, and President. There is not a single message coming from the Executive pra-ctical agriculturists; and believing moreover that the agricult to Congress that does not make reference in some way to the agri ural needs of the country are abundantly subserved by the existing culturalinterests and needs of the country founded upon these reports department, rendering further action unnecessary, I most sincerely which the Commissioner sends in. He stands now in that respect as hope the House will not agree to the passage of the proposed meas he would stand if he were elevated to a Cabinet position, as the ure. I yield now to my friend from Texas, [Mr. REAGAN.] -agency between the Executive and Congress, through which these Mr. REAGAN. I am not unfriendly to the creation of a new 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1319 department of the Government. Indeed I favor the creation of a new thirty minutes provided by the rule. The gentleman from :Missouri department of the Government, but I do not favor the present bill. [Mr. HATCH] is entitled to the floor for five minutes. This bill is simply an enlargement of the powers of the Agricultural Mr. HATCH. I desire to say to the Horum that it was notthepur Bureau and the making the Commissioner of Agriculture a Cabinet pose of that portion of the Committee on Agriculture who favor the officer. passage of this bill to consume the time allotted to the gentleman The subject is one of very ~reat moment. The agricultural, the moving a suspension of the rules, if such time had been desired by commercial, the manufacturmg, and the mining interests of this other members of the House. But inasmuch as the chairman of the country ought, it seems to me, to be placed under a separate and committee [Mr. COVERT] ha.s seen fit to consume most of the time independent department of the Government, which I would call the allotted to the opposition, I desire to say to the House that that gen Department of Industry, in order to embrace the whole of them. tleman is not the only member of the committee who bas given to And doing that the bill ought to provide for transferring the different this question grave and earnest consideration. bureaus in the Interior, the Treasury, and the War Departments to When he comes in here and says to the Hou e that there is no war this new department of the Government. With that done, the great rant in the Constitution of the United States for the erection of this agricultural interests of the country, its great commercial interests, Department as proposed by this bill, I answer him that there is noth its great manufacturing interests, its great mining interests would ing in the Constitution to prohibit the elevation of the bureau hav receive the supervision and direction of a first-class man; and un ing charge of the great agricultural interests of the country into an doubtedly they deserve the supervision of such a man. But this bill Executive Department. If there is nothing specificaUy authorizing falls far below these purposes. It looks not to any great increase of it, there is surely no prohibition in the Constitution against it. the efficiency of the Agricultural Bureau, but simply to changing its But I insist that it comes within the scope and operation of that name. I do not see the necessity of changing the name of the office provision of the Constitution which affirms that Congress shall have of Commissioner of Agriculture without changing the law, without power to provide for the" general welfare of the United States," and doing something to promote the welfare of the country in connection that further general provision which declares the power of Congress- with the agricultural interest. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execu When we come to see that the agriculture of this country embraces tion the foregoing powers and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the a very large part of its business, when we come to see the large inter Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. ests in manufactures, the large interests in commerce and in mining, The same power that was exercised by Congre s in 1840 when it that are mere appendages to the other Departments of the Govern declared· the Interior Department an executive one, and in fact the ment, that are attached by accident, as it were, we see that it is same power invoked to create and regulate all the Executive Depart not practicable for the heads of the Departments to give the atten ments. tion to these interests which they require. For instance, many of The gentleman from New York [Mr. CoVERT] says that the De the duties that should be transferred to a department of industry are partment of Agriculture is an illegitimate child. If that be so, then in under the control of the Secretary of the Treasury. I do not care the name of the great agricultural interests of this country let the what the power of intellect or what the learning of the Secretary of Forty-sixth Congress of the United States do to-day the grandest act the Treasury may be, it is not practicable for him to give to the du of its official life and legitimize this child of agriculture. Illegiti ties of the Secretary of the Treasury Department proper the consid mate I If it is so, it has done more for the country than any other eration which is necessary and then to bestow upon commerce, upon child that bas been born to it since the Declaration of Independence. manufactures-! am not sure if the mining interests are connected It is the foundation of our wealth, the corner-stone of our prosperity, with that Department-the consideration that is due to these great and the fruitful source from which we derive our richest and surest interests. revenues. I shall vote against this bill because it is a changing of the name Now what is this proposition¥ It is not, as the gentleman from of an officer and of the salary and dignity of the office without con New York seems to suppose, a proposition to create a piece of merely ferring that benefit upon the great material interests of this country political machinery, a bureau of politicians. It is to dignify as it that they have a right to expect and demand when we create a new deserves and to enlarge the interests of agriculture by making the ,· department of the Government. Commissioner of Agriculture a Cabinet officer. And why not do it f Mr. HATCH rose. What valid objection has been presented to the House why it should The SPEAKER. The time of debate adverse to the bill has ex not be done? pired. The gentleman says the agricultural mterests of this country do Mr. HATCH. I rise to favor the passage of the bill. The time not need this protection, because they are large enough to protect allowed for debate in favor of the bill has not yet been occupied. themselves. I reply to the gentleman that every other important in Mrr. AIKEN. I ask the Chair how much time I can control T terest of this country except agriculture has a voice directly or indi The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks the gentleman bas twelve min rectly in the Cabinet. Every other interest except agriculture has utes remaining. an organized system in the Government to look after its welfare and Mr. AIKEN. I yield five minutes to the gentleman from Missouri, promote its advancement. The fact that the agricultural interests [Mr. HATCH.] are large and diversified is the very re~on why it should have a rep M:r. WHITE. How much time has been consumed in opposition to resentative in the Cabinet. Enlarge this great industry, exalt it, add the billY ta its importance and secure justice to it. I hope that at least two The SPEAKER. Fifteen minutes. thirds, if not nine-tenths of the House will vote in favor of the bill. Mr. CLYMER. I understood the gentleman from South Carolina I now yield to the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. Du!I."NELL] the [Mr. AIKEN] yielded the floor absolutely. He made no reservation remainder of my time. of the time which bad not been occupied. Mr. DUNNELL. I shall support this measure, although it does not The SPEAKER. But the gentleman from South Carolina cannot embrace all the interests that ought to be embraced in the creation of change the rule which allows fifteen minutes in advocacy of the ·a new department. I agree with the gentleman from Texas [Mr; measure; and the time allowed for debate in favor of the measure REAGAN] that there should be a department to be denominated the has not been consumed. The Chair thinks the waiver by the gen department of industry, which should embrace not agriculture alone, tleman from South Carolina should not have force. but manufactures, mining, and commerce as well. Mr. CLYMER. He yielded five minutes to the gentleman from No one Department of this Government has now under its charge Ohio, [Mr. UPDEGRAFF.) the great productive forces of this country. These interests to which The SPEAKER. But the gentleman from Ohio only occupied two I have alluded are the productive forces of the country and they minutes. should be presided over by one man. "Industries" embrace not only Mr. AIKEN. I did not desire to consume any portion of the time agriculture, but manufactures and commerce and mining. and yielded the floor to the opposition. I think the Honse has con I wonder that so many years have passed without the creation of trol of the remaining portion of those fifteen minutes. a department having in charge specifically these great material in The SPEAKER. Undoubtedly. terests of the country. The Treasury Department is now overloaded Mr. WHITE. With all deference to the Chair, I think there are with business. The bureau or department of commerce should be two minutes left not consumed by those who are opposed to the pas severed from the Treasury Department, and, together with agricult sage of the bill. ure and the other interests to which I have alluded, should be con The SPEAKER. The Chair was advised by the Clerk keeping the solidated in one department. time that the time on that side bas been exhausted. Five minutes is too little time in which to even allude to the great Mr. VALENTINE. It has and two minutes over, for I kept the interests which areinvolved in this question. Outoftheearthcomes time. really all our national wealth. Out of the earth come the great re Mr. WHITE. I think another two minutes should be allowed. sources of the people. The Treasury would be poor were. it not for The SPEAKER. The Chair is unable to extend fifteen to seven agriculture, for mining, and for commerce. These three great inter teen minutes. ests fill up the Treasury, pay our national debt, sustain our national ?tlr. ROBESON. I desire to ask tbeCbairwhether a proposition to credit, and give us character at home and abroad. enl'arge the scope of this bill would be cobsidered as·being in oppo A department of industry is what is demanded at the present time. sition to it Y I vote for this bill in the hope that it will be the beginning of such The SPEAKER. No amendment is in order. This is a motion to a department. suspend the rules and pa.ss the bill. The gentleman from New York [Mr. COVERT) says there is no au .Mr. ROBESON. That is all I want to know. thority in the Constitution for the creation of this department. Why, The SPEAKER. Ana that motion cuts off debate except for the sir, we have created a Department of Justice, we have created a I 1320 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, Post-Office Department, we have ereated a. Department of the In Mr. HERBERT. As I have not had an opportunity to b~ heard on terior, under the old Constitution, without amendment to that Con this bill, I ask leave to print some remarks on it. stitution, by force and operation of law. The Constitution gives to There being no objection, leave wa-s granted. [See Appendix.] the President the power to appoint secretaries as t hey may be pro Mr. SIMONTON. I ask similar leave. vided from time to time by process of law. There being no objection, leave was granted. [See Appendix.] We have reached a. period in our history since the close of the war Mr. BREWER. I suggest that unanimous consent be given to all wllen we ought, I think, t o devote more attention to the material members who may desire it to print remarks on this subject. interests of the country. Into this department could be carried the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. BREWER] railroad interests of the country. In some bureau of that department asks unanimous consent that all members of the House desiring to this great question, now looming up before t he American people of print remarks on the bill under consideration may have leave to do interstate commerce could find its place, its protection, and its proper so. The Chair hears no objection. direction. Mr. ROBESON. Mr. Speaker, would it be in order for me at this I h ave one minute of my t ime left, I believe, and I yield it to the time to make a motion enlarging the compass of this bill, extending gentleman from Iowa. [Mr. :McCom] who desires to speak. it to trade and commerce, industry and labor 'i Mr. .McCOID. I want, in the minute given me, only to say that I The SPEAKER. Upon a motion to suspend the rules no amend hope this bill will pa s. The agricultural interests of this country ment is in order. The question will now be taken on the motion to ought to f::e given at least equal prominence with the many other in suspend the rules so as to discharge the Committee of the Whole terests for which Departments have been created with secretaries at Honse from the further consideration of this bill and pass it. their heads. Mr. BREWER. I call for the yeas and nays. We have an Army of 25,000 men which is recognized in this way The yeas and nays were ordered. and given a secretaryship. We have an insignificant Navy which is The question was taken; and there were-yeas 164, nays 83, not recognized in the arne way. The vast agricultural interests of this voting 45 ; as follows : country in which perhaps more people are interested than in any other YE.A.S-164. ought likewise to be recognized, ought to be given the same promi .A.cklen, Dibrell, Lowe, Shallenberger• nence. .Aiken, Dunn, Marsh, Sherwin, I am in favor of t he principle of this bill. It may not be perfect .Aldrich, William Dunnell, Martin, Edward L. Simonton, in its present form, it may not include enough. ·we ought to have a Anderson, Dwight, Mason, Singleton, 0. R. Bailey, Elarii, McCoid, Smith, Hezekiah B. secretary of agriculture; we ought to have a bureau of entomology, Barber, F elton, McGowan, Smith, William E. we ought to have in it a bureau of transportation and other bureaus. Beale, Fisher, r :McKenzie, Sparks, We ought at least to begin now by the passage of this bill, and we Belford, Ford, McKinley, Speer, Beltzhoover, Forney, McMahon, Springer, can then perfect the measure in the future. Berry, Forsythe, McMillin, Steele, Mr. AIKEN. Mr. Speaker, have I any time to dispose of V Bisbee, Fort, Miller, Stephens, The SPEAKER. About two minutes, the Chair thinks. llills, Stevenson, Mr. AIKEN. I yield that time to the gentleman from Pennsylva ~~~ ~~es . Monroe, Stone, Boyd, Godshalk, Morton, Talbott, . nia, [Mr. GODSHALK.] Brewer, Goode, Myers, Taylor, Ezra B. Mr. GODSHALK. Mr. Speaker, the two minutes allowed me to Bright, Hammond, John Neal, Thoma.s, speak on this bill are entirely too little to do justice to the subject. Browne, Hammond, N. J. New, Thompson, P. B. Still, I want to say that the int-erests of agriculture are now so over Burrows, Harmer, Newberry, Thompson, W. G. Cabell, Harris, John T. O'Connor, Tillman, shadowing in this country that in my judgment the time has come Calkins, Haskell, O'Neill, Townsend, Amos for this Honse to consider patiently and impartially the importance Camp, Hatch, Pacheco, Townshend, R. W. of the question presented by this bill. I do not pretend to say that Cannon, Hawk, Persons, Turner, Thomas • I the bill is perfect in form or details; but I do say that the time has Carpenter, Hayes, Phelps, Updegraff, J. T. Caswell, Hazelton, Philips, Updegraff, Thomas come when this country should take up the subject of agriculture as Chalmers, Heilman, Phister, Upson, of national concern, and consider it as related to the departments of Clements, Henderson, Poehler, Urner, this Government. Coffroth, Henkle, Pound, Valentine, It bas been said during this debate that there is no warrant in the Colerick, Hill, Price, Vance, Conger, Hooker, P..eed, Van Voorhis, Constitution for the creation of this particular department. But I Cook, Horr, Richardson, D.P. Voorhis, want gentlemen to remember that all the Departments of this Gov Cowgill, Honk, RicharQ.son, J. S. Ward, ernment have grown up with the needs of the country. The Depart Culbvrson, Hubbell, Robertson, Warner, ment of the Interior is of comparatively recent date; so with others. Dag~ ett, Humphrey, Rothwell, Weaver, Dandson, Jones, Russell, Daniel L. Wellborn, They have grown up as the country needed them. It must be ap Davis, George R. Keifer, Russell, W . ..A.. Williams, C. G. parent to the Honse, I think, that the interests involved in this q ues Davis, Horace Kenna, Ryan, Thomas ~~:u'· Thomas tion are more important than any that has occupied the attention of Dans, Joseph J. Ketcham, Ryon, John W. Davis, Lowndes H. Ladd, Samford, Wise, ' the Honse recently. 'Vhy, sir, look at our agricultural exports. We are Deering, Lapham, Sapp, Wright, about to appropriate several millions of dollars-perhaps $10,000,000- De La Matyr, Le Fevre, Sawyer, Young, Casey, to the improvement of our rivers and harbors, for what purpose ~ Why, Deuster, Lindsey, Scoville, Young, Thomas L. that the commerce of the country may find its way to the sea, and N.A.Y&--83. that foreign commerce may find its wa_y into our ports. Aldrich, N. W. Clymer, House, Reagan, What has gone to make up the great body of our exports 7 Why, .Armfield, Cobb, Hunton, Rice, sir, the agricultural productions of the country. When the country Atkins, Converse, Hutchins, Robeson, was struggling in the slough of despond-when there appeared to be Baker, Covert, Johnston, Robinson, nothing before us but gloom and disaster-the agricultural interests Ballou, Cox, Kelley, Ross, Bicknell, Crapo, KtiKin:mnger, Scales, of the country, the plow and the reaper, came to our aid; and thus Blackburn, Cravens, g, Slemons, we are raised to-day to a pinnacle where we have been able to resume Bliss, Crowley, Kitchin, Smith, .A. Herr specie payments and to present a spectacle of prosperity and happi Blount, Dickey, Lonnsbery, Tucker, ness that is rarely witnessed in the history of nations. Bouck, Einstein, Manning, Turner, Oscar Bowman, Ellis, Ma.rtinJ ~enj. F. Tyler, Now, as I said before, it is probable that in this bill we have not a Bragg, Errett, McCooK, Waddill perfected measure such as the country may require at some future Briggs, Evins, McLane, Wait, ' time; but let us take to-day the first step in the right direction. It B. ham Field Money, ·washburn, cannot be urged that this measure will •increase public expenditures B~er: Fros~ Morrison, Wells, . Caldwell, Gunter, Morse, Whit~aker, to an unwarrantable extent. The amount of money involved cannot Carlisle, Hall, Nicholls, Whitthorne, be taken into account when compared with the mighty interests which Chittenden, Harris, Benj. W. Norcross, Willis, this bill seeks to recognize and promote. Claflin Herbert, O'Reilly Wood, Walter A. Ciardi, Hiscock, Orth, ' Yeates. This country is to-day the granary of the nations, and the amount Hostetler, Prescott, we can supply of cereals and meats to the markets of the world is the Clar~ John B. first factor to determine the quantity and price of food for a large YOT VOTING-45. portion of the human race. Look, if yon please, at this Union of States, Atherton, Gillette, Miles, Singleton, J. W. Ba<1hman, Hawley, Mitchell, Starin, as the recent census presents it; its fifty millions of people, its vast Barlow, Henry, Muldrow, Taylor, Robert L. expanse of arable land, embracing every variety of climate, its iron Bayne, Herndon, Muller, Van .A.erna.m, roads spanning the continent, furnishing the means of moving to Bingham, Hurd, Murch, White, market the products of the husbandman, and it will be perceived at Buttervrorttl., James, O':Br:en, Wilber, Clark, .Alvah .A.. Jorgensen, Osmer, Wilson, once how largely every advance we shall make in practical agricult Dick, Joyce, Overton, Wood, Fernando ure must contribute to the prosperity of this country, and give it an Ewing, Kimmel, Page, Yocum. enduring basis upon which to rest. Do not understand me to imply that this measure is, in my opinion, indispensable to progress in good ~e~' ~~:t. ~~ond, farming; not at all. Millions of intelligent minds, with much prac Gibson, Loring, Shelley, tical knowledge already acquired, and anxious to learn more, find So (two-thirds not vot~ng in favor thereof) the motion of Mr. Am:E..~ . pleasure, I hope, in this noblest science, but they think they may well was not agreed to. ask the National Legislature to aid them by judicious legislation. The following additional pairs were announced: [Here the hammer fell.l Mr. STARIN with Mr. SHELLEY, on this bill. 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 1321 Mr. ATHERTON with Mr. FINLEY, on this bill. ated; but the sums so appropriated and reappropriated shall not be availabl~ qntil the ri~ht of the United States to the bed of the estuary and training walls of :this. Mr. FERNANDO WOOD wit.h Mr. WHITE. work 1s secured, free of expense to the Government, in a manner sa,tisfactory to the· The result of the vote was announced as above stated. Secretary of War. FORFEITUBE OF VESSELS FOR BBEACH OF REVENUE LAWS. Improving Raritan River, New Jersey, 25,000; of which sum$20,000shall be ex pended on rocks at Whitehead Sand Dock, and 5,000 at South Channel, between 1\Ir. FRYE. I move to suspend the rules so as to take from the Crab I sland and South Amboy. Calendar of the Whole Honse on the state of the Union and consider Improving harbor at Stonington, Connecticut, $30,000. Improving harbor at Buffalo, New York, 90,000. the bill (S. No. 939) to amend the law relative to the seizure and for Improving harbor at Charlotte, New York: Repair of piers, $2,500. feiture of vessels for breach of the re>enne laws. Improving Echo Harbor, New Rochelle, New York, 2,000. The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman desire to take up this bill for Improving Flushing Bay, New York, $10,000. • consideration or for passage under a snpension of the rules 'Y Improving harbor at Great Sodus Bay, New York, $5,000. Improving harbor at Little Sodus Bay, New York, $7,500. :Mr. FRYE. The Committee on Ways and ~leans, in reporting the Improving harbor at Olcott, New York, ~ . ooo. bill, recommended an amendment striking out the words "seizure or," Improving harbor at Port Jefferson, Long Island Sound, New York, 64,000. but subsequently, on reconsideration, instructed me to withdraw that Improving harbor at Pultneyville, New York, 2,000. amendment. Now, if the bill can be taken from the Calendar and Improving harbor at Wilson, New York, S10,000. Improving harbor at Waddington, New York, 2,500, passed without the amendment, I will make that motion. Improving Ticonderoga River, New York, $5,000. The SPEAKER. The gentleman can make the motion to pass the Improving harbor at Erie, Pennsylvania., $20,000. bill in that form. The eftect of suspending the rules to consider the Ice-harbor at Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, $30,000. bill might be to exclude from recognition many other gentlemen whom Pier in Delaware Bay, near Lewes, Delaware, $10,000. to Piers of ice-harbor at New Castle, Dela.ware: Completing improvement, $20,000~ the Chair desires recognize. Improving harbor at Annapolis, Maryland, ~.ooo. 1\Ir. FRYE. Then I modify my motion so as to take the bill from Improving Breton Bay, Leonardtown, Maryland, $3,000. the Calendar and pass it without the amendment. Improvinp: the harbors and channels at Washington and Georgetown, District of The bill was read, as follows: Columbia., 50,000. Improving harbor at Norfolk, Virginia, and its approaches, $75,000. Be it enacted, cfc., That no vessel used by any person or corporation as common Improving harbor at Oswego, New York, including dredging of channel to lower carriers in the transaction of their business as such common carriers shall be sub· harbol', ~0,000. ject to seizure or forfeiture by force of the provisions of title 34 of the Revised Improving Shrewsbury r..iver, :New Jersey: Completing improvement, ef!6,000; 'statutes of the United States, unless it shall appear that the owner or master of of which sum $36,000 shall be expended on south branch, and 651),000 on Main and such vessel at the time of the alleged illegal act was a consenting party or privy North Branch. thereto. Improving New River from lead mines in Wythe County, Virginia, to mouth of Mr. COX. Mr. Speaker, has this bill been con idered by a committee Greenbrier River. '20,000; of which sum $12.000 shall be expended in the continua tion of the work from the mouth of Greenbrier UJ>, and ~8,000 in the continuation of of this House~ the work from the lead mines in Wythe County down. Mr. FRYE. It has been. It was reported unanimously in the Sen Improving harbor at Charleston, South Carolina, $175,000. . ate by the Committee on Finance, and haB been reported unanimously Improving harbor at Bl'UDswick, Georgia, 5,000. Improving Savannah Harbor and River, Georgia, $25,000; of which sum $1,000 in this Honse by the Committee on Ways and l\leans. may be applied to payment of damages for land. 'Mr. COX. I bave no objection to the bill; but I would like to hear Improving Apalachicola Bay, Florida, $10,000. the amendment. Improving Tampa Bay, Florida: Completing the deepening of the bar and chan Mr. CARLISLE. After this bill had been repOTted with an amend nel from the bar to the town of Tampa, ~10,000. Impro>ing harbor at Mobile, .Alabama, $90,000. ment, the Committee ou Ways and Means took up the matter again Improving :Mississippi River at and near Vicksburgh, and proteotion of harbor for consideration, and determined, I believe, that the amendment of Vicksuurgh, Mississippi, 50,000. ought not to be adopted. Improving harbor at New Orleans, Louisiana1 $75,000. Mr. MORRISON. That the bill was better without it. ImprovingGalvestonHarbor, Texas: Continumgoperationsatouterbar~$250,000. Improving harbor at .Ashtabula, Ohio: To secure a sixteen-foot channel, 20,000. The SPEAKER. The Chair was advised that the bill was brought Improving harbor at Black River, Ohio, $7,000. before the House with the unanimous approval of the Committee on Improving harbor at Cleveland, Ohio, $200,000. Ways and Means, having been approved in the same way by the Improving harbor at F~ort. Ohio. $10,000. Finance Committee of the Senate. It now comes before the Honse for Improving harbor at Huron, Ohio, $3.000. Ice-harbor at mouth of Muskingum River, Ohio, $30,000. passage without the amendment, the Committee on Ways andl\Ieans Improving harbor at Port Clinton, Ohio, $5,000. having reconsidered its action recommending the amendment. Improving harbor at Sandusky City, Ohio, $10,000. Mr. COX. This bill is intended to protect vessels which may have Improving harbor at Toledo, Ohio, 40,000. c9ntraband on board if thE} intention of the owners be innocent. Improving harbor at Vermillion. Ohio, $2,000. Improving harbor at Miehigan City, Indiana: Continuing operations at outside 1\ir. FRYE. Or master. If neither owner nor master is privy at harbor, $30,000. all, then the vessel cannot be seized or forfeited; but if they are Improving harbor at Calumet. Dlinois, $i!O,OOO. privy it can be seized and forfeited as it is now. Improving outside harbor at Chicago, illinois : Dredging in outer harbor and con- structing exterior breakwater, $150,000. 1\ir. COX. I have no objection. Improving Galena River and Harbor, illinois, 12,000. The rules were suspended, (two-thirds voting in favor thereof,) and Improving harbor at Rock Island. illinois, 6,000. the bill was pas&ed. Improving Monongahela. River, West Virginia. and Pennsylvania, $25,000; but this sum shall not be expen ._ 1322 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, rimproving ha.rbo~ at Sheboygan, Wisconsin : Repairs, dredging, and extension Improving Waccemaw River, South Carolina, from its mouth up to Waccama-w -of piers, $25,000. Lake, North Carolina, 5 000. , Improving Superior Bay, Wisconsin : Dredging for improvement of natural en· Improving Chattahoochee River, Georgia, e2Q,OOO. .trance and for repairing existinl7 works, 5,000. Improving Coosa River, Georgia and Alabama, $60,000. Ha.rbol'of refuge at Sturgeon 'Bay Canal, Wisconsin, 10,000. Improving Flint River, Georgia, $15 000. Improving harbor at Two Rivers, Wisconsin, 15,000. Improving Ockmul,gee River, Georgia,1 $5,000. Improving harbor a.t Fort :Madison, Iowa, $2,500. Improvin~ Oconee River, Georgia, $2,500, of which snm 1,500 is to be expended Improving harbor at Muscatine, Iowa, 2,500. between Duolin and Oconee bridge. Improting harbor at Grand Marais, Minna ota, 10,000. Improving Oostenaula and Coo awattee Rivers, Georgia, 1,000 . . Improving harbor at Duluth, Minnesota, $25,000. Improving Savannah River above Augusta, Georgia, $8,000. Improving harbor at Wilmington, California, 12,000. Improving Appalachicola. River, Floriila, 1,500. Improving Cathance River, Maine, $6,000. Improving Choctawhatchee River, Florida. and Alabama, up to Newton, $7,000. Improving the "Gut," opposite Bath, Maine, 5,000. Improving entrance to Cumberland Sound, between Amelia and Cumberland Improving Kennebunk River, Maine: Completing improvement, $.2,000. Islands, in Florida and Georgia, $100,000. Improving Lubec Channel, Maine, $20,000. Improving Escambia River, Florida. and Alabama, 5,000. Improving Exeter River, New Hampshire, 5,000. Improving Saint John's River, Florida, 100,000. Improving Winnipiseogee Lake, New Hampshire: Completing improvement, Improving Suwanee River, Florida, ... 3,000. ·$2,500. Improving Volusia Bar, Florida, 5,500. Improving Otter Creek, Vermont, $2,000. Improving Alabama. River, Alabama, $2n,ooo. Improving 1\Ierrima~ River, Massachusetts, 9,000. Improving Big Sunflower River, Missi:>sippi, $4,000. Improving Taunton River, Massachusetts, $25,000. Improving Koxnbee River, Mississippi, d,OOO. Improving Providence River and Karragansett Bay, Rhode Island, $40,000. Improving Pascagoula River, 1\Iississippi, ; 4,000. Improving Milwaukee Bay, for purposes of harbor of refuge, .. 100,000. Improving Pearl River below Jackson, Mississippi, 25,000. Improving 1\Iississippi, Missouri, and Arkansas Rivers: Removing snags, wrecks, Improting Pearl River, lUis issipXJi, from Jackson to Carthage, $2,500. and other obstructions, 150,000; of which sum $80,000 shall be expenaed on the Improving Tallahatchee River, 1\Iississippi, 3,000; of which snm 2,000 shall bt~ :Mississippi River, $45,000 on the 1\Iissouri River, and 25,000 on the Arkansas expended on the upper and $1,000 on the lower river. 'River. Improving Tombigbee River above Columbus, Mississippi, 1,000. Improving Chippewa River, Wisconsin, $10,000; but this sum is appropriated ImprotingYazoo River, Mississippi, $6,000. subject to the same conditions and limitations imposed by section 1 of the act ap· Improving Amite River, Louisiana, $5,000. -proved March 3, 1879, for the improvement of rivers and harbors, relating to satd Improving Bayou Courtablean from Port llarre to A tchafalaya, Louisiana, $7,500. Chippewa River. Improving Bayou Techefrom SaintMartinvilletoPortBarre, Louisiana, 20,000. Improving Connecticut River below Hartford, Connecticut, $30,000. Improving Bayou Terre Bonne, Louisiana: Completing improvement, $8,'800. Improving Housatonic River, Connecticut, $2,000. Removing raft in Red River and closing Tone's Bayou, Louisiana, f10,000. Improving Thames River, Connecticut, $30,000. Removing obstructions from Red River, Louisiana, 10,000. Improving New London Harbor, Connecticut, Q!,300. Improving Tangipahoa River, Louisiana, $2,000. R-emoving obstructions in East River and Hell Gate, New York, $200,000. Improving Vermillion River, Louisiana: Completingimnrovement, 4,900. Improving Buttermilk Channel, New York, ,. 40,000. Improving Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Alabama an'd Mississippi, to be ex. Improving Hudson River, New York, 15,000. pended in the same proportions as the appropriation under the act of June, 1880, Improving Cheeseqnake's Creek, New Jersey, $5,000. 25,000. Improving Cohansey Creek, New Jersey, 7,000. Improving Aransas Pass and Bay, up to Roch-port and Corpus Christi, Texas, 'Improving Elizabeth River, New Jersey, $4,000. ~80 , 000. Improving Passaic River, New Jersey, from Pennsylvania Railroad bridge to its Improving channel over bar at mouth of Brazos River, Texas, $40,000. .month, $50,000. Improving Pass Cavallo Inlet into Matagorda. Bay, Texas, 60,000 . Improving Rahway River, New Jersey, $10,000. Improving ship-canal, Galveston Bay, Texas, $50,000. Improving South River, New Jersey, $6,000. Improving Neches River, Texas, 3,000. Improving Woodbridge Creek, New Jersey: Continuing improvement, $5,000. Improving Sabine Pass and Blne Buck Bar, Texas, $150,000. a::mproving Allegheny River from mouth of French Creek to Pittsburgh, Penn· Improving Narrows of Sabine River above Orange, Texas, and to deepen chan sylvania, 25,000. nel at its month, 7,000. Improving Schuylkill River, Pennsylvania, ..,. 40,000. Improving Trinity River, Texas, 10,000. Improving Delaware River below Bridesburgh, Pennsylvania, 100,000. Improving Arkansas Ri>er between Fort Smith, Arkan as, and Wichita, Kan. Improving Delaware River be ween Trenton, New Jersey, and Bridesburgh, sa.s, $20,000. . Pennsylvania, 10,000. Improving Arkansas River at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, $20,000. Improving Delaware River near Cherry Island Flats, 100,000. Improving Black River Arkansas, $5,000. Improving Delaware River at Schooner Ledge, Pennsylvania. and Delaware, Improting Fourche La Fevre River, Arkansas, $2,000. $4.0,000. Improving Ouachita River, Arkansas and Louisiana, 10,000. Improving Broadkiln River, Delaware, $5,000. Improving aline River, Arkansas, 4,000. For the improvement of the Mississippi River, in accordance with the plan there· Improving White River between Jacksonport and Bu.1falo Shoals, Arkansas, for adopted by the Mississippi River commission, to be expended by the Secretary $6,000. of War. with the advice and under the super>ision of said commission, the sum of Improving White and Saint Francis Rivers, Arkansas, 6,000. $1,000,000. And it shall be the duty of said commission to take into considera Improving Big Hatchle River, Tennessee, $3,500. -tion, and of the Secretary of War to extend operations, nuder their supervision, to Improving Caney Fork River, Tennessee, 4,000. tributaries of the 1\Iississippi River, to the extent, and no further, that may be Improving Clinch River, Tennessee, 3,000. necessary in the judgment of said commission to the perfection of the general and Improving Cumberland River above Nashville, Tennessee: From Nashville to -permanent improvement of said Mississippi River; but this clause shall not be Kentucky State line, 15,000; from Kentucky line to Smith's Shoals, $15,000; at construed to interfere with the prosecution by the War Department of the im· Smith's Shoals, completinl7 improvement, $10,000. provement of said Mississippi River and its tribntraries under general appropria Improving Cumberland 'River below Nashville, Tennessee, 15,000. tions made therefor. Improving Duck River, Tennessee, $3,000. Improving Broad Creek from its mouth to Laurel, Delaware, 10,000. Improving French Broad River above Knoxville, Tennessee, .,.-3,500. Im_proving month of Duck Creek, Delaware, 63,000. Improving Hiawas ee River, Tennessee, $1,500. Improving Mispillion Creek, Delaware, $3,500. Improving Obed's River, Tennessee, 2,500. Improving Choptank River between Denton and Greensborough, Maryland, Improving Tennessee River above Chattanooga, Tennessee, 7,000. 5,000. Improving Tennessee River below Chattanooga, including Muscle Shoals and Improving Elk River, Maryland, $5,000. shoal at Reynoldsburgh, Tennessee and Alabama, 250,000. Improving Secretary Creek, Maryland, $3,000. Improving Kentucky River from its mouth to Three Forks, Kentucky, $100,000. Improving Threadhaven Creek for three miles below Easton, Maryland, $3,000. Im~roving Big Sandy River from Catlett.\! burgh, Kentucky, to head of naviga Improvin.e: Wicomico Ri>er below Salisbury, Maryland: Completing improve· tion, s;JO,OOO; of whieh sum $28,000 shall be expended at Louisa, and 2,000 in the ·ment, •$2,000. continuation of works on_ the ~pper river. Improving Appomattox River, Vir~ia, $10,000. Improving Sandusky River. Ohio, 7,500. Improving Blackwater River, Virginia, 1,500. Improving Wabash River, Indiana, 25,i00. Improving Chickahominy River, Virginia, 2,000. Improving w·hite River, Indiana, from Wabash River to Portersville, and to 1m proving Dan River between Danville, Virginia, and Madison, North Carolina, falls on West Fork, 20,000. 48,000. Improving Illinois River, Illinois, $250,000. · Improving James River, Virginia, $60,000. Improving Mississippi River at and above Alexandria, Missouri, 6,000. Improving Mattaponi River, Virginia, 3,300. Improving Mississippi River at or near Cape Girardeau and Minton's Point, ·Improving month of Nomoni Creek, Vir~nia , $2,000. Missouri, 10,000. Improving North Landing Rh·er, Virgima ancl North Carolina, $7,500. Improving Mississippi River from Des :Moines Rapids to month of illinois River, Improving Nottaway River, Vir~a, 2,000. Illinois and Missouri, $17a,OOO. Improving Pagan Creek. Vir~ma, $5,000. Improving_ ~ississippi River between mouths of the Illinois and Ohio Rivers, Improving Pamunkey River, virginia, $2,500. Illinois and .IUissouri, $600,000. Dredging a channel through the flats in front of Mount Vernon, Virgi.n.iJ!,, $1,500. Removing bar in Mississippi River opRo~ite Dubuque, Iowa, $5,000. Improving Rappahannock River, Virginia, $15,000. Improving Mi sissippi River at llinrubal, Missouri, 20,000. Improving Staunton River, Virginia, $5,000. · Improving Mi sissippi River at Natchez and Vidalia, Mississippi and Louisiana, Improving Totnsky River, Virgmia., $2,500. $50,000. Improving Urbana Creek, Virginia, $4.,000. Improving Mi sissippi Ri>er above Falls of Saint Anthony, Minnesota, 10,000. Improving York Harbor at We t Point, Virginia, 25,000. Improving Mi sissi.J?Pi River from Saint Paul to Des Moines Rapids, Minnesota, Improving harbor at Baltimore, Maryland: Continuing operations for the short Iowa, Missouri, lllinolS, and Wisconsin, 200,000. ening and deepening the channel to twenty.seven feet at mean low·water, $150,000. Improving Mississippi River at Quincy, Illinois, $10,000. Improting Elk River, West Virginia, $5,000. Annual expen e of gauging the waters of the Mississippi River and its tributa. Improving Great Kanawha River, 'and operation of works, West Virginia, rie : Continuing ob ervations of the rise and fall of the river and its chief tribu $200,000. taries, as required by joint resolution of February 21, 1871, $5,000. Improving Guyandotte River, West Vir!!inia, $3,500. Improving Upper Mississippi River: Operating snag.boa.t and building light Improving Little Kanawha River, West~irginia, $20,800. draught steamer, 25,000. Improving Cape Fear Ri>er, North Carolina, $10,000. Improving Rock Island Rapids, Missis ippi River, Iowa and Illinois: Completing Improving Currituck Sound, Coanjok Bay, North River and Bar, North Caro· improvement, $8,000. ifula, $30,000. Improving Des Moines Rapids, Iowa and Illinois, $25,000. Improving French Broad Ri>er, Korth Carolina, $5,000. Operating canal at Des Moines Rapids, Iowa and Illinois: Continn,ed operation Improving Neuse River, from its mouth to bead of navigation, North Carolina, of the canal, 40,000. . 15,000. Improving the Osage River, Kansas ancl Missouri, 20,000 . Improting Pamlico and Tar Rivers, Korth Carolina, ,000 . Improving Cnivre· River, Missouri, from mouth to Chain of Rooks, and remov- Improving Scuppernong River, North Carolina, $1,000. inl7 snags and obstructions, 2,000. Improving Trent Ri>er, North Carolina, $2,000. i'u'iproving Gasconade River, Missouri, 10,000. Improving Ashley River, South Carolina., $1,500 . Improving Missouri River at Atchison, Kansas, $20,000. .Improving Great Pedee River, South Carolina, $6,000. Improving Missouri River at Brownville, Nebra ka, $10,000. • 1881. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 1323 Improving Missouri River at Cedar City, Missouri, 15,000. the laws of the State in which such private property is situated. And the Secre· Improving Missouri River at Council BlufiB, Iowa, and at Omaha, Nebraska, tary of the Interior is hereby authorized and directed to ascertain what. if any, in· $20,000. jury is occasioned to the rights of any friendly Indians, occupying an.v Indian res Improving Missouri Tiiver at Eastport, Iowa, and at Nebraska City, Nebraska, ervation, by the construction of any of said dams, or the cutting or the removing $14,000. of trees or other materials from any such reservation for the construction or erection Improving Missouri River at or near Fort Leavenworth, Kan4'!1S, $8,000. of any of said dams, and to determine the amount of damages payable to such Improving Missouri Rh·er at and near Glasgow, Missouri, ...,20,000. Indians therefor: and all such damages to private. property and to friendly Indians. lmpro·dng Missouri River at anu near Kansas City, Missouri, $20,000. when ascertained and determined in the manner herein directed and provided, shall Improving Missouri River at Lexington, Missouri, $10,000. be paid by the Uniteil States: Provided, however, That such damages shall not ex· Improving Missouri River at Saint bharles, Missoill'i, $15,000. ceed 10 per cent. of the :;urns hereby and heretofore appropriated for the construc Impronng Missouri River at and near Saint .Joseph, Mis ouri, 20,000. tion of said re ervoirs. Impronng Missouri River at Sioux City, Iowa: For ~provement of channel, Improving Sumpawamus Inlet, New York, $5,000. ..,7,000. SEc. 2. That the joint resolution approved .July 20, 1868, authorizing the con Improving Missouri River at Vermillion, Dakota, $15,000. struction of the bridge over the Mississippi River "to connect the island of Rock Improving Missouri Rh·er abo>e mouth of Yellowstone River, Dakota, $40,000. Island with the cities of Davenport and Rock Island," is hereby so amended as to Survey of Missouri River from its mouth to Fort Benton, Montana: Continu- require the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Company to charge for any .illg survey a 'hove Sioux City, 30,000. cars carrying freight othe;: than its own, and for its own cars when carrying freight Improving Detroit River, Michigan, $50,000. for other roads, which it ma.y carry across said bridge, the sum of S5 for every car, Improving Saginaw Ri>er, Michigan, 10,000. and for each empty car other than its own the sum of $2, one-half of which sums Improving Saint Clair Flats, Michigan: Repairs, &c., $5,000. shall be paid by said railroad company into the Treasury of the United States each Improving Saint Mary's River and Saint Mary's Falls Ganal, Michigan: Com· month; and the monthly returns thus made sha.ll be in such form and with such pleting improvement, $150,000; and for operating and repairs of said canal from authentication as the Secretary of War shall direct. the time the same shall be turned o>er to the United States by the State of Mich- SEc. 3. That the Secretary of War is hereby directed, at his discretion, to cause ·igan, $50,000. · examinations or surveys, or both, and estimates of cost of improvements proper, Repairs and contingencies of public works at Saint Anthony's Falls, Minnesota:· to be made at the following points, namely: .To meet repairs necessary, present and prospecti>e, $15,000. Tombigbee Ri>er, Mississippi, from Fulton to Warren's Mill. Improving Saint Croix Ri>er below Taylor's Falls, Wisconsin, $8,000. Old Town Creek, from where it empties into Tombigbee River to opposite Ve- Improving Red River of the North, Minnesota and Dakota, 18,000. rona. Improving Yellowstone River, Montana and Dakota, 20,000. Frankford Creek, from its mouth in the Delaware River to Frankford avenue. Canal around Cascades of Columbia Ri>er, Oregon, 100,000. Five Mile Point, above Bridesburgh, Delaware River. Improving Upper Columbia River, including Snake River, Oregon, $15,000. Mouth of the Mispillion, Delaware. Improving Lower Willamette and Columbia Rivers, from Portland, Oregon, to Mokelumne River, California, from its mouth at or near Woodbridge. the sea, including bar at mouth of Columbia Ri>er, Oregon, $45,000. New York Bay, between Sandy Hook and Coney Island Point. Improving Upper Willamette and Yamhill Rivers, Oregon, $15,000. Newton Creek, Camden County, from Delaware River to head of navigation. Improving Petalumas Creek, California,$ ,000. Mantua Creek, Gloucester County, from Delaware River to head of navigation. Improving Sacramento Ri>er, California, $30,000. Maunce River, from Delaware Bay to Millville, Cumberland County. Improvin~ San .Joaquin River. California, ~o.ooo. Salem and Cohansey Rivers, New .Jersey. Examinations and surveys at South Pass of Mississippi River: To ascertain the Completing survey of Harlem River and through the Harlem Kilns to the East ~depth of water and width of channel secured and maintained from time to time by River. .James ll. Eads at South Pass of the Mississippi River, and to enable the Secretary Survey for harbor of refuge in Lake Pepin, at Stockholm, Wisconsin, and Lake .of War to report during the maintenance of the work, 510,000. · City, Minnesota. Improving Fox anu Wisconsin Rivers, Wisconsin, $125.000; of which sum $50,000 Sackett's Harbor, rew York. shall be expended in continuing the improvement of the Wisconsin River, and Matagorda Bay, at the mouth of Saint Mary's Bayou, near the town of Mata- , ~75,000 for continuing the improvement of the Fox River. gorda. Improving Calcasieu Pass, Louisiana, $12,000. Harbors of l!adison and Clinton, Connecticut. Improving Calcasieu River, Louisiana, from Phillips Bluff to its mouth, $3,000. Edgartown Harbor and South Beauh, Massachusetts. Improving Savannah River, Georgia, $15,000. Staunton River, from Brook Neal, in Campbell County, to mouth of Pig River, Improving Mississippi River at Andalusia, lllinois, 6,00i. Virginia. Improving Mississippi River at Louisiana. Missouri, $10,000. Roanoke River, from Gaston, North Carolina, to Clarksville, Virginia. Repairing breakwater on the Saint Croix River near Calais, $4,000. Bear Creek, running from Northeast .Mississippi into the Tennessee River. Improving Altamaha. River, Georgia, $5,000. To deepen the channel of the Harrisecket River, from Weston's Point to Free- Improving Wappoo Cut, South Carolina, $10 000. port Landing in Freeport, Maine. Improving Neabsco Creek, Virginia, 5,000. The channel of Broad Creek, on the west side of Kent Island, Maryland~ Improving Bayou Bartholomew, Louisiana and Arkansas. 8,000. Harbor of Brunswick, on the Androscoggin River. Improving Tensas River, Louisiana, $3,000. Buzzard's Bay and Barnstable Bay, Massachusetts, at the entrance of the pro Improving Bayou Boeuf, Louisiana., $5,000. posed Cape Cod Canal. Improving Current River, Missom·i, $2,000. Sabine Pass, Texas, through Sabine Lake and River to Orange and Sabine Lake, Improving Rancocas River, New .Jersey, 10,000. and the Neches River to Beaumont, to ascertain the cost and practicability of a Improving Christiana River and Wilmrngton Harbor, Delaware, $10,000. deep-water channel from Sabine Pass to Orange and Beaumont. Improving Chester Creek, Pennsylvania, $3,000. Old Town Creek, Mississippi. Improving Mattawan Creek, New .Jersey, $15,000. Bar at mouth of Wingate Bay, near Georgetown, South Carolina. Improvin~ Raritan Bay, New .Jer ey, from Perth Amboy and South Amboy to Young's, Lewis's, Clarke's, and Skipanou Rivers, entering into Young's Bay, in · the main sh1p-canal off Great Kiln, $50,000. the county of Clatsop, near mouth of Columbia River, Oregon. Improving Newport Harbor, Rhode Island, $25,000. Corsica Creek, Marylanil.. Improving Tradewater River, Kentucky, open navigation, $3,000. Harbor at mouth of Cedar River, on Green Bay, Michigan. Improving Cumberland River, Kentucky, above mouth of .Jelico, $10,000. Lynn Harbor, Massachusetts. Improving Buffalo .Bayou, Texas: To secure a channel of one hundred feet, Channel between islands of North Hero and South H ero, Lake Champlain. 25,000. Little Tennessee River from its mouth on the Holston or Big Tennessee River to Improving Pasquotank River, Virginia and Korth Carolina, $5,000. the mouth of Tallis River. · ..,. Improving Kewanee Harbor, Wisconsin, $5,000. Dog Island Harbor, harbor of Key West, Cr.vstal River, Lagrange Bayou up to Improving Niagara River New York, $5,000. Freeport, Manatee River, and Crooked River, Florida. Improving Portland Harbor, Maine, $20,000. From a point between Ellis Island and the docks of New .Jersey Central Railroad Improving Scituate Harbor, Massachusetts, 10,000. to a point between Robbins' Reef Light and Constable Hook, in waters of Newport Improving Moosabec Bar at .Jonesport, Maine, 10,000. Bay, New .Jersey. Improving Wareham Harbor, Massauhusetts, $10,000. Big .Black River, Mississippi. Improving Canarsie Ba.v, liew York, 5,000. Outlet of harbor of Ship Island. Improving Sbeepshead Bay, New York, $5,000. Harbor at Boloxi, Mississippi. Improving Salem Ri>er, Kew .Jersey, $3,000. Harbor at Pascagoula, Mississippi. Improving Susquebannab River, Pennsylvania, above Richards' Island, 15,000. Upper thoroughfare leading into Tangier Sound, Deil's Island, and Rock Creek, Improving Susquehannah Tiiver above and below Havre de Grace, Maryland, Maryland. ·,$15,000. Fish Bend, near Fort Chartres, in the Mississippi River. Improving .Archer's Hope River, Virginia, 5,000. Murder Kiln, Delaware. Improving Wateree River, South Carolina, 8.000. Delaware River. Improving Santee River, South Carolina, · 22,000. Pot.omac and Anacostia Rivers, in the vicinity of Washingt.on, D(strict of Co Improving Pensacola Harbor, Florida, $20,000. lumbia, with reference to the improvement of navigation, the establishment of Improving Tchefuncte Ri>er, Louisiana, 1,500. harbor line and the fiats, !30 far as their improvement may be necessary t.o the im Improving Tickfaw River. Louisiana, $'2,000. provement of navigation and the establishment of the harbor liae. Improving Bayou Teche by connecting same with Grand Lake at Charenton, Mouth of Cedar River, Green Bay, Michigan. •Louisiana, 625,000. Greenport Harbor, New York. Improving bar and harbor at Brazos Santiago, Taxa , 75,000. SEC. 4. That for the examinations and surveys herein provided for, and for inci Improving Yallabusha Ri>er, Mississippi, $3,500. dental repairs of harbors for which there is no special appropriation, the sum of Improving Tchula Lake, Mississippi, 3,000. 100,000 is hereby appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise For the expenses of operating and maintaining the Louisville and Portland appropriated; and in every case where examinations or surveys are made, the re "Canal for the fiscal year ending .June 30, 1 1, $42,000, which sum shall be imme port thereon shall embrace such information concerning the commercial importance, diately available; and for the same purpose, for the fiscal year ending .June 30, present and prospective, of the improvement cont-emplat-ed thereby, and such gen 18£2, -10,500. eral commercial statistics as the Secretary of War may be able to procure. Improving entrance to Yaquina Bay, Ore~on, S10,000. This bill appropriates 10,179,800. Improving Cowlitz Ri>er, Washington Territory, 1,000. Of the amount now available for the improvement of Bayou La Fourche, Louisi The SPEAKER. The report will tlow be read. ana, the sum of 500, or so much thereof as may be necessary, shall be expended 1\Ir. SCALES. l\Ir. Speaker, I rise to a point of order. I do not in the removal of brick pier at Donaldsonville. Improving Richmond Harbor, Kennebec River, Maine, 10,000; of which sum make this point of order in any captions spirit. I do not make it out ~.ooo shall be expenued for win~-dams and dredging at the head of Swan's Island of hostility t,o the bill. I do it only to ascertain how the rule is to and at Hatch's Rock, and 4,000 m dredging and deepening the channel at the foot be construed and how we are to be guided in future, to learn from of Swan's lslaud according to the plan recommended by Lieutenant Russell. the Chair the extent of the decision he has already made in refer For reservoirs upon the headwaters of the Mississippi River and its tributaries. $150.000 ; and this sum, together with the sum of 75 000 heretofore appropriated ence to the bill reported by the gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. for the construc.tion of a aam at Lake Winnib1goshisn.,1 shall be expended at such AIKE~] from the Committee on Agriculture. .places on said headwaters of the Mississippi River and its tributaries as the Secre The point I make is, that this is the da.y when preference should tary of War shall determine: And it i-s provided, That compensation for any pri· vate property taken or appropriated for any of said impro>ements, and all dam be given to individuals to suspend the rules rather than to commit ages to private property caused by the construction of any of said dams, by flowage tees. I do not think this is the same point of order raised, or rather it -or otherwise, shall be ascertained and determined under and in accordance wi~ did not have the same application when the Chair decided the other 1324 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, question as it does to this bill. That bill was not in committee. It as chairman yon cannot, as judge you can. Is that fair or just t Is had been reported from the committee and was in the Honse. The that in accordance with the spirit of the rule Y If so, then down Agricultnral Committee had no longer any control over that bill. It with the rule. It is a humbug and a fraud which gives the entire was in the control of the House, and any gentleman ,had the right power of the House into the hands of one man. · as an indh·idual to move to suspend the rules and pass it because he Mr. KENNA. Mr. Speaker, I have but one single wonl to say in could not represent in doing so the report and action of a committee. response to the gentleman from North Carolina. · On the third Monday in January, the day on which preference was Mr. COX. I rise to a point of order. given committees, Mr. Speaker, you called from that desk the Com The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. mittee on Commerce. It did not respond. Had that committee re Mr. COX. Is this debate on the point of order, or is it the general sponded, the gentleman from Texas, [Mr. REAGAN,] chairman of that debate upon the bill committee, would have risen and as chairman made the same report The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina makes the he makes to-day ; he would have on the part of the committee moved point of order, as the Chair understands, that the proposition to sus to suspend the rules and to pass the bill. He would have done this pend the rules to-day must come from an individual member and not to get it out of the committee by representing the action of the com from the Committee on Commerce. That the proposition which the mittee and woulcl have passed the bill. He ts.Ued to do it, and gentleman from Texas offers is one which comes from the Committee now, having lost the day of the committee in court, he seeks to rem on Commerce. edy it by evading the rule and as an individual to get the action of :Mr. SCALES. The Chair will remember that when the bill was his committee before the House. The Speaker }mows that he reports being read I reserved the point of order. the action of his committee. The House knows it: It is reported in The SPEAKER. The Chair is not going to cut the gentleman out the usual manner. It is looked for and accepted as the work of the of his right. The Chair has merely stated the point which the gen committee by the House, and anybody knows that his action is the tleman from :North Carolina makes, which, as the Chair understands action of the committee, has its sanction and approval in order to get it, is that he has no right to reco~ize the ~entleman from Texas to before the House their work appropriating $10,000,000. I go further clay to bring before the House this bill. That the Chair takes to be and say that he would not have been recognized by the Speaker ex the point for the reason, a.s the gentleman from North Carolina alleges, cept as the representative of a committee. He would not have dared that it properly belongs to the Committee oh Commerce, which to ask it on o important a bill, and the Speaker under the rule would would have the right on the third M:ouda.y in the month to suspend not and could not have given him as an individual preference over the rules and not interfere with the rights of individual members those who have had his promise so long. to-day to move a suspension to-day. Now, Mr. Speaker, that bill, as I understand it, is in the Committee Mr. KENNA. I desire, 1\Ir. Speaker, as I have stated, to say only on Commerce. It was reported to the House and it was sent back by a word in response to the point of order submitted by the gentleman this Honse. How is it to get here Y It must come here as a report. from North Carolina. In the first place I submit that the point of The motion is to suspend the rules and pass it. If it comes at all it order raised by the gentleman is absolutely answered by the fact that comes from the committee, and it comes from the chairman, the organ the Commerce Committee of this House has not at any time author of the committee. It comes as it would have done on the third Mon ized or required any member of that committee to report this bill-and day in January when the committee had the right and when the com move to suspend the rnles and pass it. I submit, :Mr. Speaker, thafl mittee under call would have responded just as' it did to-day. this is an absolute answer to the point of order made by the gentle· Mr. Speaker, what is the language under the rnle 't Individuals on man from North Carolina. this day shall have preference. What is the object Y To prevent ihe Mr. SCALES. Will the gentleman permit me to ask him a ques report of a committee which has not been madefrom coming directly tion! or indirectly before the House in preference to individual members. .Mr. KENNA. Certainly. Can be defeat the rule by saying Judge R.EAGA...~ as an individualand Mr. SCALES. Will the gentleman say to this House that it was not as chairman proposes to get this action before the House ' He not distinctly understood by the· Committee on Commerce that the does no more andnolessto-daythan whatJudgeREAGA...~wouldhave chairman of that committee should report this bill to the House done as chairman of the Committee on Commerce, and when he had to-day, with a view to having action upon it a right to act for it-to wit, to move to suspend the rules of the House Mr. KENNA. When the gentleman from North Carolina will put and pass the bill. If he can do that now in his capacity as an indi me in the attitude of being able to understand the individual im vidual, your rule is a humbug. It is worse than a humbug. There pulses of members of that committee then I will answer his question, is no meaning in it. It is a fraud, an insult to the intelligence of the and not before. So far as it as a committee of this Honse authorized . Honse. I understand, Mr Speaker, that the object of the rule was to the chairman or any other member to report this bill and move to give individuals one day as their own over committees. Before the suspend the rules, I say that no such action has been taken. Unless last rules were adopted, the Speaker always and properly, as I think, the House misunderstands me in that proposition, however, I desire gave preference to committees; hence individuals were hardly ever to sa.y-- recognized. The present rule was intended to remedy this. If the Mr. CLY~!ER. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a ques true spirit of the rule is to be set aside now, and this method is to be tion f adopted the Speaker can do the very same thing, and recognize indi Mr. KENNA. I am answering a question now; one at a time. It is viduals so as to get at the action of the committee on both days just a fact that the bill which the gentleman :from Texas moves to suspend aa he did before, and thus, regardless of the spirit of the rule, defeat it the rules and pass is ·the exact bill upon which the Committee on or not as he pleases. It will not do to say as an individual he has Commerce of this House has agreed after two or three long months the right to make any motion he pleases. When committees are of labor and investigation. I fail to comprehend in what manner or heard no individual can be, and has never pretended to ask it; and by what process of reasoning either the Speaker, as the organ of this yet this day set apart for individuals has been taken up by commit Hon.se, or the House itself can fail to recognize a gentleman on this tees. It is wrong, and is a fraud upon the rights of individuals and day, under the rules, simply because the bill he happens to offer is upon their constituents who have no other way of getting a hearing. one upon which a committee of the House after investigation has I ask the Speaker, in all fairness, to decide the question regardless of agreed. That is all there is in the proposition. consequences. I ask him tordecide it according to the spirit of the Mr. CLYMER. Let me unuerstand the proposition of the gentle rule, and not in such a way that while he sustains the letter he ut man. Do I understand him to say that the chairman of the commit terly destroys the spirit of the rule. If this point of order is over tee was not authorized to report the bill f ruled, then the Speaker can at his option give preference to commit Mr. KENNA. If the gentleman means from his interrogatory to tees on any day, and the rule which shonld govern us to-day is a intimate that he understands the gentleman from Texas is acting in mockery, and individuals by the action of the Speaker can be always opposition to the wishes of the Committee on Conimerce, so far as kept from the floor-a power, in my opinion, never intended to be they are individuaJ.ly concerned I have no answer to make, for I have given to one man. not consulted them. The committee as a committee have taken no Now, Mr. Speaker, as I stated .at the outset, I am not raising any action on the proposition. captions objections to this bill. I know too well, sir, that it will Mr. CLYMER. Then there is some error, for I think by reference pass. I know that I cannot prevent it. I dare not throw myself in to the record it will be seen the gentleman from Texas explicitly the way of its passage. Rules and individuals both must go down declared he reported the bill from the Committee on Commerce. before it. If it is the will of the House to pass this bill they can Mr. KENNA. So he did. pass it to-morrow without a suspension of the rules. They can pass Mr. CLYMER. And the Honse so understood, and that he did so it any day without hinderance to individual rights. They do not need by authority of the committee. . to suspend the rules to-day. They can pass it without conflicting at Mr. KE:NNA. The motion of the gentleman from Texas IS for a all with the rights that I and others have to be heard on questions suspension of the rnles and the passage of the bill which the gentleman that affect our sections. If the rule which should govern ns to-day from Texas reported to the House from the Com;nittee on Commerce had said that preference should be given to individuals and no re as the bill of that committee, and asked to have printed and recom port not yet made from any committee should interfere directly or mitted. indirectly with this right, the rule would be unmistakable, and yet Mr. CLYMER. That is what I thought the gentlemen negatived. the rule in its spirit is jn.st as strong as it is. But I am to be ruled Mr. KENNA. But the Committee on Commerce has nat instructed out and the committee or the chairman of the committee is to be the gentleman from Texas on behalf of the committee to move a sus heard because he says I am not the chairman of the committee. I pension of the rules on the day on which they have the right as a am Judge REAGAN, and claim my right as such to bring the work of committee to exercise that privilege. this committee to the attention of the House, and the Speaker says There is but one question i}lvolved and it is this: that an indi- ' .; 188t CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1325 vidual member of the House in undertaking to offer to-day a bill to nullify the very laws which make this a deliberative body, in which has been matured by a committee of the House is encroaching order to force through an ill-considered measure which appropriates upon the privileges of that committee, which upon a subsequent day 10,000,000 at one haul. I protest against that construction of the may have the right to move to suspend the rules and pass the bill. rule. I submit there is nothing in that, because that committee has not up Mr. WARNER. One word on the point of order. It seems to me to this time availed itself of that privilege. perfectly clear that this is an evasion of the rule, a violation of the Mr. FORT. The committee will have two weeks to instruct their spirit of the rule, by whatever meth-od it is brought about. The ques· chairman to report the bill. They will bavetheirdayand ought not tion is whether the rule shall be set aside by an indirect method when to monopolize the day assigned to private individuals. it cannot be done directly. Mr. REAGAN. Mr. Speaker, it is right that I should state the pre Mr. McLANE. !\either of the gentlemen on this floor whe have cise status of this bill. The Committee on Commerce, after bestow taken exceptions to this motion has stated the motion itself. The ing on it great labor, agreed to a bill; agreed unanimously to a bill, bill in regard to which a motion is made to suspend the rules is not and authorized me to report it to the House, and to ask that it be the bill pl;lrfected by the Committee on Commerce. That bill is now printed and recommitted. That is where the bill stands so far as the in that committee and not before the House. The motion of the gen .action of this House is concerned. If we waited t-o take up this bill tleman from Texas [Mr. REAG~] is to discharge the Committee on until two weeks from to-day, and the House should then pass it, we Commerce from the further consideration of thati particular bill, cU feared it would be too late for the bill to receive the sanction of the ing its number, and then to pass the bill with amendments. That .Senate. And if we had waited for two weeks the Committ-ee on Com is the motion now pending. merce might not have been reached on the call of committees and the The objection taken by the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. bill might have been passed over, and thus the labors of the commit ScALEs] has no pertinency at all to the actual motion pending, nor tee would ha-ve been lost and the privilege of the House to act upon has his inquiry as to whether the committee has perfected the bill. the bill would have been lost. In order to obviate those difficulties Still less is there any ground for the intimation of tbe gentleman .and those delays the committee have unanimously agreed to the bill from·Iowa, [Mr. WEAVER.] .as reported to the House. To-day, in my capacity as a memberof the :Mr. SCALES. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a question f House, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill, which, though Mr. McLAJ\TE. Certainly. not now reported to the House by the committee, has the unanimous Mr. SCALES. Is it not well known and well understood by every .sanction of the committee. My motion is to discharge the Commit member of this House that that bill comes here with the sanction of tee on Commerce from the further consideration of the bill, and to the Committee on Commerce, and that it could come here in no other 'Sugpend the rules and pass it. way f If it does come from that.committee, if it is proposed to pass Now, the objection, if I understand it, urged by the gentleman from it as coming from that committee, and in no other way, I ask the gen North Carolina [Mr. ScALES] is that the bill appropriates a large tleman it it is not an evasion of the rule by trying to do indirectly amount of money, and therefore ought not to be passed. what cannot be done directly f The SPEAKER. The Chair would remind the gentleman from Mr. McLANE. It was not at all necessary for the gentleman from Texa-s that the me-its of the bill are not now before the House. Korth Carolina [Mr. SCALES] to propound that question to me, be Mr. REAGAN. I am not going to discuss the merits of the bill, cause I had already replied to it in the statement which I have made but I wish to reply-to a remark made by the gentleman from North to the House. I have said that the bill perfected by the committee Carolina. is now before the committee and not before the House at all. It is a Mr. HARRIS, of Virginia. I wish to ask the gentleman from Texas printed bill, a copy of which I hold in my hand, and is House bill a question bearing on the point of order; whether; if this had been a No. 7104. day for motions to suspend the rules on reports of committees, the Now as to the motive of the gentleman from Texas in making the gentleman from Texas would have felt authorized, as the case now motion he has made. He has very explicitly stated, in explanation stands, to make the motion on beh.alf of the Committee on Commerce of his course, that had he waited for the instructions of his commit to suspend the rules~ tee to ask for a suspension of the rules, he could not under the rules Mr. REAGAN. It is not necessary I should answer that question. of this House have moved such suspension until the third Monday It is not before the House. in February. Therefore, exercising his own individual judgment, he Mr. ATKINS. I desire to know if this bill has not been approved thought that would allow too short a time before the close of this by the Committee on Commerce. session for the proper consideration of this bill. Mr. REAGAN. I have so stated. I desire to state, not witlL the Therefore, not to evade the rule, but to avail himself of the rule, view of discussing the merits, but in answer to the point of order of a rnle perfectly explicit, a rule which provides that on the first Mon the gentleman from North Carolina who made the point, that the day of the month an individual member of this House ma..y move. to bill appropriates a large amount of money, that that is not an objec suspend the rules, availing himself of the rule, not evading it, he has tion under the rule. It may be an objection that may well address made the motion now before the House; and I call the attention of itself to the discretion of members in voting on the suspension of the House upon this point. of order particularly to the fact that the the rules, but it is not a question upon which a point of order cau gentleman from Texas [Mr. REAGAN] acts in his individual capacity be made. The objection simply addresses itself to the discretion of and has explained why he acts in that individual capacity. His ex members voting on the motion to suspend the rules. planation is that he acts in his individual capacity because if he There is only one other remark I deem it necessary to make. It is should wait for a fortnight longer in order to act in his ca,pacity as that a motion to suspend the rules is a motion to suspend all rules. chairman of the Committee on Commerce and should then pursue I have been recognized to make that motion. It is before the House the course which the rule authorizes him to pursue as such chair under the auth<>rity to make a motion to suspend the rules. The man, he would lose time which he deems indispensable for the proper remedy is if it is not approved by the Roo e to vote down the mo consideration of this bill. tion to suspend the ruleR. So far from justifying the intimation that he is taking the House Mr. WEAVER. I would like to be heard a moment. by surprise, he assigns the motive which prompts him to this course, The SPEAKER. The Chair will hear the gentleman. and which is that the Senate as well as the House should have full Mr. WEAVER. At the last session of this Congress a new rule was and ample time to consider this bill. .adopted for the purpose of preventing conflicts between those who The only question is whether he has pursued the course pointed out represented committees and individuals desiring to move a suspen to him by the rules. Has he the right as an individual member of sion of the rules. The new rule sets a~tart the third Monday of the the House to move to-day to discharge a committee from the consid month as committee day, and the first Monday as individual day. eration of a particular bill? I d~ not believe there is a man in this Now I submit to the Chair that the construction sought to be given House who will deny that right to any member of the House. It is to the rule to-day practically-I care nothing about the technicalities exactly what the rule was instituted for. which justify it-but practically it has the effect of giving to the I submit to you, Mr. Speaker, as the presiding officer of this House, committees both Mondays and to shut out individual members from that you have hitherto throughout this session and during last ses moving a suspension of the rules. And I submit, if that is to be the sion, whenever a member of this House chose to do so, whether he construction, the settled construction of that rule, then we might were a member of the committee or not, conceded to him the right to just as well do away with the rule altogether, and say that indi rise and move that a committee be discharged from the further con viduals shall not be recognized at all. This is done manifestly with sideration of a particular bill, indicating the bill by its number, and the purpose of avoiding resolutions by individual members. There to put it on its passage. Now the chairman of the Committee on is not a member of the House so dull as not to comprehend that such Commerce makes that motion with the addition that the bill shall be is the purpose. It is an open crucifixion of the rights of the members passed with amendments, and his motion is in writing and the amend- of this House and of the rights of our constituents. ments are atta-ched to the bill. 1 None but gentlemen who repreaen.t committees have been recog The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to state to the House that when nized here to-day, and yet it is individual day. What a farce and a the gentleman from Texas [Mr. REAGAN] made application to him mockery! Will individuals be accorded the· same privileO'e0 on the for recognition to move to suspend the rules and pass this bill he third Monday; not a word of it. stated to the Chair, which statement has since been corroborated by I have a, bill which I wish to bring before this House to-day, known two other members of the Committee on Commerce, that the Com as a bill to equalize the pay of soldiers. I cannot do it if this con mittee on Commerce had nothing to do with the motion which he stru?tion of the rule is to obtain. Sir, thatlarge element of our pop proposed to make and which he has since made ; that he olaim~d the ulation, the very men whose blood and valor saved this nation, will right a.s an individual member of this.. Honse to make that motion. lle denied justice here, committees; by indirection, will be Allowed It is not given to the Chair, whatever may be his judgment as to . \ 1326 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7,- I . the propriety of the passage of a bill, to allow that jud~ment to inter- to appropriate to begin the work between the mouth of the Ohio and· fere in the least degree with the discharge of his dot1es as the chief the mouth of the Mississippi was $1,800,000; and that amount watr officer of this House. Therefore, believing that technically accord- recommended by another committee of this House. We felt, how ing to the rule the gentleman from Texas [Mr. REAGAN] was in order, ever, that in inaugurating this great work on a river and harbor bill the Chair did not feel at liberty to thwart the will of even a minority it would be best to limit the appropriation to as small an amount as of this House in reference to this bill, much less to stand here and would enable the work to be properly started. Hence we limited the· singly thwart the desire of perhaps two-thirds of the members of this appropriation for that purpose to $1,000,000. That is above the House in reference to the bill. ordinary appropriation on the Mississippi River. The Chair therefore believes that in recognizing the gentleman On that portion of the Mississippi between the month of the Ohio distinctly in his individual capacity he has not gone beyond the lim- and the mouth of the illinois we last year allowed . 250,000. This itations of the rule, and has left to this House its judgment a-s to year, looking to the permanentimprovementof the navigation of the the proper interpretation of the rule, which is the duty of every pre- river, we increased that item to $600,000, being an increase of $350 000· siding officer in every legislative body. over the former amount. This work is in conformity with the rec~m- Tbis bill is a bill of importance-in fact a general appropriation mendation of the War Department, but the appropriation recom bill. It covers interests in almost every State in this Union; and if mended by that Department was 1,100,000. We allowed about one the Chair should allow his individual wishes or motives to influence half. him in the construction of the rules as affecting such a question, he The portion of the Mississippi between the month of the Illinois would hardly be worthy of the place he occupies. [Applause.] and the Des Moines Rapids received last year $100,000; but to keep- The Chair therefore thinks that he is within the scope of the rule that work up with the scale for the improvement of the river we when he takes the word of a member of this Hoose on a matter of decided to increase that item 75,000, making it $175,000. this kind; for the Chair has no right to question the veracity of a To the portion of the river between Des Moines Rapids and Saint member when that member rises in his place and states that he makes Paul we gave last year 150,000. This year, lOoking to the plan of a motion solely on his individual responsibility aa a member, and not the improvement of the navigation of that river, we increaae that in any way as a representative of his committee. The Chair there- item by some fifty thousand dollars, that increase being less than the fore thinks that he is correct in the recognition, and he leaves the recommendation of the War Department. rest to the House. These are the only unusual appropriations, except an appropriation· Mr. SCALES. Will the Chair allow me to correct him on one point. of $150,000 to aid in the commencement of the system of reservoirs on I understood him to say that this question ha-s been submitted to the the headwaters of the Mississippi River. These items all aggre~ate House. · and, as I have said, they are the only extraordinary items m the The. SPEAKER. The Chair has not alluded in his remarks to any bill-the sum of $1,625,000. . former decision. He bases his recognition solely upon the question But this is not all the money that is appropriated to that river. as presented by the motion of the gentleman from Texas. [Cries of There are otherJtems. I mean to say, Mr. Speaker, however, that "Regular order!"] The first question is on seconding the motion to these are the only unusual appropriations. suspend the roles. • Now, then, I will state to the House that this increase of appropri- Several members called for tellers; and, in accordance with Rule ations for the improvement of the navigation of that great river which XXVIIT, tellers were appointed, Mr. REA GA..~ and lli. Cox being desig- are contained in this bill is two hundred and odd thousand dollars nated by the Chair. . more than in the bill reported last year. It is between $400,000 and The Honse divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 122, noes 72. $500,000 less than the law which passed the Hoose and Senp.te last So the motion of Mr. REAGAN was seconded. year, if we leave out the items for the improvement of the naviga-· The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Texas [lli. REAGAN] is now tion of the 1\Iississippi River and the establishment of the reservoir recognized to control ten minutes of the time allowed for debate on system. · the motion to suspend the rules. It is right the House should know why this bill is more than lli. REAGAN. I yield two minutes to the gentleman from Ala- $1,000,000 larger than the bill reported to ihe House last year. The- bama, [lli. SAMFORD.] items of appropriation, I repeat again, are all within and below the Mr. TOWNSHEND, of illinois. Before the gentlemanfromAlabama estimates of the Department, the aggregate of the estimates being (lli. S.A...'UFORD] proceeds, I would like to put to the gentleman from more than $26,000,000, and the difficUlt task was imposed upon the Texas one question only. Does not this bill appropriate$2,600,000 in committee of getting a bill as low as $10,000,000 out of these items ~ excess of the amount recommended by the War Department f Mr. MARSH. I see on page 15 of the bill," For the improvement Mr. REAGAN. I will answer the gentleman. In considering the of the Mississippi River in accordance with the plan therefor adopted; improvement of the Mississippi River according to the plans submit- by the Mississippi River commission, $1,000,000." Will the gentle ted by a board of Government engineers under the law of 1879, the man inform me whether that $1,000,000 is appropriated for the pur committee has consented in the execution of that project to an appro- pose of filling up the gaps in the broken levees on the Lower Missis priation of $1,000,000 for the improvement of the Mississippi River sippi River or whether it is for the purpose of improvingthe channel from its mouth to the mouthofthe Ohio. and thereby the navigation of that riverf I ask this question for Mr. ATKINS. 1\Iay I ask the gentleman a question f the rea.son that, if it is the design to appropriate money out of the Mr. REAGAN. I was answering the question of the gentleman public Treasury to build up the broken-down levees of the South, then from illinois [Mr. TOWNSHIDU>] as to whether this bill did not appro- that system in equity and fairness should be extended wherever there priate an extra amount for the improvement of the Mississippi are overflowed lands along other rivers in this country-which I do River. not think, however, this House is prepared to do. Mr. TOW~SHE~"D, of Illinois. That was not my inquiry. The 1\Ir. REAGAN. I yielded to the gentleman for a question and not question I asked was whether this bill does not appropriate 2,600,000 for a speech, and certainly not for any denunciation of the recom- in excess of the estimates of the War Department. mendations of the Mississippi River commission. 1\Ir. REAGAN. No, sir. On the contrary, the estimates of the 'Var Now, in answer to the question which has just been proposed to me Department called for over twenty-six million dollars; and we cut I have this to say: the Mississippi River commission pointed out down the appropriations to a little over ten million dollars. certain reaches in the Mississippi River which in their judgment ought .Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. Did the War Department recom- to be improved. The first is at New Madrid, forty miles long. The- mend that amount.on the items embraced in this bill 'f estimate for that was :f$923,000. That was recommended by this Mia- Mr. REAGAN. The Department recommended that on the items sissippi River commission as being necessary for the improvement of' embraced in this bill. There is no item in the bill that is not put New Madrid reach. The next is Plum Point reach, thirty-eight miles t here in conformity with the recommendation of the War Depart- long, for which there was an estimate of $736,000. The next was· ment-not one; and there are very few or no items (unless it may be Memphis reach, sixteen miles long, for which $382,000 was recom some small items for finishing works) as to which we have allowed mended. Then comes Helena reach, thirty miles long, for which the amount of the estimate of the Department. $627,000 was recommended. That was for contracting the chaune~ Mr. ATKINS. Will the gentleman allow me to ask a question 7 and protecting the banks, &c. The next is for Choctaw Bend, thirty- Mr. REAGAN. The ·gentleman had better let me answer the ques- five miles long, for which $576,000 is estimated. Finally, we have for tion already put, unless his question is in the same line. Lake Providence reach, twenty-fivemileslong,$619,000recommended. Mr. ATKINS. It is in the same line. The plan recommended by the :Mississippi River commission for the Mr. REAGAN. Very well. improvement of the Mississippi River is by these reaches. Mr. ATKINS. I wish to ask whether the appropriations in this The SPEAKER. The gentleman's ten minutes have expired. bill for the Mississippi River are not about two million dollars, or a Mr. MARSH. I will state, 1\Ir. Speaker, that I asked the question little over two million dollar~, in excess of the amount that has usn- of the gentleman from Texas in perfect good faith. I found in the ally been recommanded by the Committee on Commerce for ~he Mis- bill a clause appropriating 1,000,000 provided that it shall be ex sissippi River~ pended in accordance with the plan adopted by the Mississippi Riv~r Mr. REAGAN. Not quite so much as that. I will explain just how commission. Now, when I come to read the report of tha.t comiDlS much. In 1879 we passed a bill creating a. commission to devise and sion I see they recommend an appropriation of Sl,OlOJOOO for the clos submit to Congress a plan for the permanent improvement of the Mis- ing up of the gaps in the levees of the Lower Mississippi River, and sissippi River. That commission submitted a plan which has been the coincidence between an appropriation of 1,000,000 in this bi.lr indorsed by the War Department. The Chief of Engineers, as well and the $1,010,000 proposed in the plan of the Mississippi River com as two members of the commission, General Gilmore and General mission to be expended in filling up levee gaps induced me to mak& Comstock, came to us and suggested that the least amount we ought the inquiry I did. 1881. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-HOUSEo 1327 Mr. SAMFORD. I rise to a qt:estion of order. second of this debate $51,656. [Laughter.] Time is precious. Evecy The dPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. second that ticks-ticks-out goes $51,656 for this doubtful expendi Mr. SAMFORD. I desire to know whether I have not the floor? ture! The SPEAKER. Tl.te gentleman from Texas yielded to the gen- That is indeed limiting debate; but why should we complain 1 Are tleman from Alabama for two minutes; but the gentleman from not all these various propositions to spend the money of the people Texas then went on to speak and he has occupied eleven minutes. involved in this measure, and running up to $10,000,000 or more 1\lr. SA~FORD . That eleven minutes does not come out of my forty pages of them, with thousands to the line-are they not all to two minutes. [Laughter.] be adopted or rejected in half an hour Y Precious privilege l Is it not The SPEAKER. They uo not; and the Chair will now recognize all arranged beforehand 'l "Of course it is," somebody behind me. the gentleman from Alabama for two minutes, which will leave two says; and somebody knows. minutes remaining of the fifteen minutes in favor of the bill. One friend of mine told me just now that he could not afford to g~ :Mr. SAMFORD. 1\Ir. Speaker, this bill comes up, as usual, to be for this bill, because he had only $104,000 in it. [Laughter.] Another passed under a suspension of the rules, with but thirty minutes al told me that he would favor it, because he had $300,000. in it, which lowed for debate, and no opportunity for amendment of any sort. made quite a difference in his favor. [Renewed laughter.] Several The three minutes allowed me, will serve only to say a word in behalf gentlemen who have large cities like New York do not intend to vote of the navigation of a river in which I am deeply interested as the for this bill on a principle, whether there be in it Hell Gate or any. representative of a large and intelUgent part of my constituency. other gate. [Laughter.] We know that New York is a great com-· I do not like this bill, because there ought to be a larger appropria mercia! ent1·epot and center. She will always be the great seaport tion for the Uhoctawhatchee River. But I know if it fails, no other and metropolis of the country. Somebody will see to it·without leg bill can be reported at this session, and hence I am forced reluctantly rolling or persuasion that shewillalwaysgetwhat shedeservesfrom. to support it. a just and generous Congress for her harbor and its approaches. There is but one other work of a governmental nature in my dis Let us glance over this bill a little. There arf} some features in it. trict-the Pea River. The engineer's report prevents an appropriation that arrest my attention ancl touch my fancy. I do not mean tore for that river at this time, very much to my regret, and hence the peat my former protests against similar bills. The reasons for such appropriation for the Choctawhatchee should have been far more protests are only too familiar. The practice of passing such bills with liberal than the sum allowed, in comparison with other works. This inadequate debate, and of suspending the rules to attain the object, river, nearly two hundred miles in length, waters a large section of is vicious, even if every item of the bill were worthy of our approval. country in two States. I will leave to thehonorablegentlemanfrom Nor will I now analyze the bill to show the small, inappropriate, and.. Florida to speak of the great advantage its opening to navigation limited objects for which these Federal appropriations are made. will be to his State. That has been done on similar bills of less amount. The subject has For years its importance as a highway for commerce has not been been exhausted, though the logical sequence and practical results recognized by Congress. The interests of the citizens to be benefited seem not to be as yet understood by the Committee on Commerce. by its improvement have been unjustly ignored. And when I have Look at those gentlemen on this Commerce Committee. They all sought to impress upon the Committee on Commerce the advantages had a hand in preparing the bill. See how kind they are to their own to accrue from its successful navigation, I have regretted to :find that States. I do not undertake to say that these gentlemen on the com there was a disposition to believe that I was only striving for an mittee really meant to have helped themselves so bountifully. [Laugh-· appropriation for my district without reference to merit. Indeed, I ter.] No, no; I do not say that. Butsomehoworotheritwill appear,. have been compelled to strive, in season and out of season, to obtain by investigation, that more than one-half of this $10,179,000 is given the partial recognition which has been given. The committee decided to the States represented on this Committee on Commerce. A very to allow only $5,000, but owing to persistent appeal, the sum of seven good committee to be on for certain purposes, [great laughter,] and· thousand was given, not one-tenth the sum which could be used with the gentleman from New England, who nods assent, [Mr. MoRSE,] and great advantage to the commercial necessities of a large number of who understands thrift, knows something about it himself. Look at citizens. my friend from Texas, [Mr. REAGAN.] How much does REAGAN Sir, the area of country to be benefited by the successful naviga [laughter]-I mean how much does 'l'exas get in this billY Seven, tion of this river, in Alabama alone, embraces thousands of square hundred and fifty thousand dollars. My ele(J'ant colleague from New miles. Magnificent forests of the :finest timber in the world cover a York [Mr. BLISs] gets $469,000. The gentleman from New Jersey large section of this country. Cattle and sheep husbandry thrive as [Mr. Ross]-where is my modest friend from New Jersey f well there as on the prairies of Texas or New Mexico, and is rapidly Mr. ROSS. Here he is. increasing. All sorts of produce, such as corn, oats, cotton, sugar 1\Ir. COX. My friend from New Jersey, $271,000-the little State cane and the like, is being largely raised, and this river is their natu of New Jersey. The honorable gentleman from Maryland [Mr. Mc ral outlet. The citizens are as enlightened, intelligent, industrious, LA.l\-:E] is satisfied with $181,000. The gentleman from Kentucky,. thrifty, law-abiding and worthy, as any in our common country. [Mr. THOMAS Tun...--mR,] whose character I reverence, [laughter,] and Owing to the lack of transportation, they are forced to haul their pro who sits before me-Kentucky, that has nothing but a few local. duce forty, fifty, and even seventy-five miles to market. They bear streams that one of its members said only required improvement by their just proportion of the taxes of the country, and it is not fair macadamizing. [Laughter.] How much does my friend get in this that they should be deprived of their just proportion of the benefits. bill . Three hundred and four thousand dollars. . If I had time I could give the statistics of its commerce, which 1\lr. THOMAS TUR8ER. Only $168,000; that is wrong. [Great' have been increased by the improvement made with the small appro laughter.] priation of last year. Three steamboats have already been placed Mr. COX. Only $168,000. Now, the gentleman has kept his eye on the river, and others contemplated. The town of Geneva, at the upon this bill evidently, and has made a close calculation; knowing present headwaters of navigation, has within a few months had new just how much he was appropriating for the land, er streams, of life infused into her commerce. I am informed by a perfectly relia Kentucky. ble gentleman that Colonel Haines, the engineer, stated to him re Now, in this calculation, Mr. Speaker, I desire to say, in justice to cently that his estimate of $20,000 was for only a small part of the the gentleman from Kentucky, that I am not counting certain gen river, and yet that is the estimate upon which the committee acted eral appropriations; for instance, a reservoir in one place, $50,000; in giving an appropriation for the whole river. It is too late for me in another, $150,000 for the improvement of the Mississippi, Missouri, to correspond directly with the engineer this session, as I would have and Arkansas Rivers. Nor do I reckon one million for the improve done with earlier information, else I have no doubt he would verify ment of the Mississippi River, according to certain plans adopted by my statement. the Mississippi commission; nor for ganaing water, $5,000, and tl.te While I know nothing more will be granted in this bill, I hope the Upper Mississippi, $25,000, making $1,330,000 not included in the spe agitation which has been had in reference to this matter will secure cial dispensations to these most favored States. justice in the future. I do not now discuss the constitutionality or Nor have I been particular in making these calculations, (hurriedly propriety of such legislation; it has grown up without any assistance made, and perhaps with some mistakes,) in fixing the precise division of mine, and as long as it remains the practice of the General Gov of cost for boundary rivers-like the Ohio-between two or more ernment, it is unfair, ungenerous, and unjust to ignore the claims of a States. What I want to show is: the lavish reward a State obtains river of such importance as the Choctawhatchee. by the vigilance of its attentive Representatives on the Committee Mr. OSCAR TURNER, Mr. ROBERTSON, :Ur. THO:\IAS T"GR...'\ER, Mr. on Commerce. FROST, and l\Ir. KITCHL'l" by unanimous consent were granted leave But adding up for the State of Kentucky all the little items of the to print remarks on the river and harbor appropriation bill. [See bill that my friend has got into it, I find that it foots up a total of Appendix.] $304,000. That is my calculation. It may be wrong. If it is wrong Mr. WIDTE. I ask by unanimous consent that all gentlemen who I will correct it. [Laughter.] I would never consciously do injus desire to may have the right to print in the REcoRD remarks on this bill. tice to Kentucky or to my venerable friend, its active Representative. The SPEAKER. The Chair bears no objection, and it is ordered [Laughter.] accordingly. But let us pursue it further. What else (loes this list show~ The Mr. COX. Ur. Speaker, we have made some reform in the way of gentleman from Louisiana [1\fr. AcKLEx] gets $232,000. The gallant considering appropriation bills for rivers and harbors. We now ha\e gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. BEALE,] $'250,000. My good friend, under our new rule a modicum of debate. It is fifteen minutes pro Mr. Dli:USTER, of WISconsin, $418,000. Missouri, so cle:verly repre and fiftee.n minutes con, a'nd this on a bill which aggregates $10,179,800. sented by the gentleman Mr. CLARDY, $620,000. The indefatigable One-half of tha.t time will be $5,0 9,900; ten minutes for $3,393,666; gentleman from Pennsylvania, [Mr. O'NEILL,] $-174,000 . The adroit one minute for $339,366; for every half minute $169,000, and for every gent,leman from Connecticut, [Mr. WAIT,] $188,000. And here is 1328 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, illinois, an inland St,ate, [laughter,] has a little touch of the lake here soil. Why not Y Why not let them irrigate from the Trea-sury f Why and there on its border; how much do you think, under the arrange not, since they help to pay for these large appropriations f ment of its member on commerce, [111r. HENDERSOY,] she gets in this Are they distributed equally in their benefits to agriculture or trans bill Y Why, $912,000, nearly one-terfth of the whole sum! Where i.s portation f It is just as bad as your protective tariff system, as you Ohio f How much does Ohio get ' Ohio, I know, is pretty well sup know, Mr. Speaker, [laughter;] for the burden it lays is not borne plied with statesmen. She generally gets what she wants. She has equally by classes, sections, or individuals ; nor is the benefit divided got in this bill, thanks to her statesman, [Mr. TOWNSE~"'D,] $401,000. fairly. Why do not you distribute the tariff benefaction fairly all Massachusetts being represent ed by its business mem"t:?er [Mr. Rus around f You add to the price of articles by the price of the customs SELL] gets 249,000. So that the Committee on Commerce pile up dues, as you do also by the cost of transportation. And when the peo .over five millions-- ple of the great valleys and prairies of the farming portions of the Mr. UPDEGRAFF, of Ohio. How about West Virginia f country pay these 10,000,000, who gets the benefit 'f Certainly they Mr. FROST. And how about KENXA f tlo not get a qltid pro quo. It is not distributed equally. It should go Mr. COX. West Virginia f I forgot West Virginia. [Laughter.] for Federal commerce, for national objects, if you please; for the im 1\fr. FORT. West Virginia has $281,000. portant harbors and rivers, not for little streams and bayous here and :Mr. COX." Two hundred and seventy-one thousand dollars. Let there, where t he people or the States should help themselves for all 'tiS be jnst. I believe the Little or Big Kanawhas have come on here the local purposes that are necessary. foryearsand years. They arealwaysdry. Theya.akformore andmore From the Forty-first to the Forty-fifth Congre ses, inclusive, the .appropriations which they sink in their sands. They come now ask total of annual river and harbor appropriations has been$54,968,217 . ing for more. They will· keep on ask.irlg. To-day they have in this Adding to this sum, for the Forty-sixth Congress, 18,900,000 more, bill to be deposited in those same old rivers 271,000. and you have nearly seventy-three millions. Are not these millions In the aggregate, these States represented by this honorable Com benefits to certain localities, and not shared by all, except as they mittee on Commerce foot up the pretty sum of a little over one-half share the burdens ! -of ten millions of dollars, or $5,921,000. [Laughter.] I greatly desired, .1\Ir. Speaker, to have this bill considered in the A MEMBER. How about North Carolina! Committee of the Whole, or somewhere, for amendment. I might Mr. COX. Oh, North Carolina is not on the committee. then have proposed an amendment: first, that the rivers appropriated Mr. RUSSELL, of North Carolina. Nor in the bill. for should be declared as broad as they were long; and, secondly, Mr. COX. It has been suggested here, and some real discussion that the improvements in our water-ways should be made according nas been had in reference to it, whether these appropriations have to the methQds proposed in Senate Document No. 39 of this Congress. -exceeded the estimates or not. Now, the bill recommends a total of I hold in my hand this curious document. I ask gentlemen to read .about ten million dollars. This is 2,689,000 in excess of t he esti at their leisure. It comes from old Virginia. It seems that old Vir mates of the Secretary of War. ginia, forgetting her early teaching, is in this business of enlarging Mr. REAGAN. The estimates of the enuineers originally sent from the sphere of Federal usefulness by extensive and abnormal appro -the Department were over twenty-two million dollars; and over five priations. Why, sir, have we forgotten everything of the old dem ·million dollars were added by supplementary estimates. ocratic ideas and traditions about appropriations for general purposes Mr. COX. 'Wait till I get thronuh, Those are the first estimates only f I had begun to fear that we had forgotten those doctrinea here I was about to refer to, and, as f am informed, estimates came in to-day while voting for dignifying a Bureau of Agriculture. What .afterward. But did you not exceed the estimates heretofore in other next 'f We have already a Bureau of Education, a Bureau of Health years Y According to what Senator BECK said in an argument made recently made, and bureaus for various other purposes were suggested. in the Senate last year, you must have done it. He says: The democratic rule of strict construction and limited powers is, I fear, After ~'Vi.ng the list of what the engineers have said ought to be done, the whole almost aa dead as the dodo. ,amount of whloh was 14,326,650, the Secretary adds this note: A MEMBER. It is deader. "Reduction by Seeretary of 'Var, to make this aggregate correspond with the Mr. McLANE. I wish to ask the gentleman what old democrat :aggregate of his estimates for rivers and harbors, as submitted December, 1878, ever voted against the river and harbor bill 'f (Estimate :Book for 1878-'80, p. 138,) 9,311,650; total harbors :md rivers, 5,015,000." That is what the Secretary of the Treasury asks for ; that is what he says the :Mr. COX. River and harbor bills have been vetoed by democratic Secretary of War demands; and yet a professed democratic Congress presents a. Presidents. bill now close on to 10,000,000, double the estimates of a republican Secretary of Mr. HAZELTON. It was done by Franklin Pierce. 'the Treasury, of a republican Secretary of War, and seeks to put every dollar of will "this money into the hands of republican electioneerers to carry the next elec. :Mr. COX. You find that the late Senator Houston, of Ala tion, and there is where half tho money will go. I have endeavored as far as I bama, and men of his stamp, in better days, opposed all the appro •could to keep within the estimates. I have endeavored to keep clear of a proper priations for other than. general improvements, even in his own .charge being made that we were extravagant beyond what the heads of Depart· State, and even for the Improvement of the Mussel Shoals of the ments demanded. Tennessee River, because the improvement was not general,"but lim Mr. ATKINS. Will the gentleman from New York state how that ited to a few States. He stood frankly and boldly on the principle :Senator voted on that bill ? of equality of tax and benefit, and the people sent him back here 1\Ir. REAGAN. Let me say-- on this very issue as a tribute to his courageous honesty. Mr. COX. I do not yield. I believe the Senator voted for the bill ; Mr. ATKINS. General Jackson voted for these bills when h& was a curious illustration of how men sometimes will act when they for in the Senate. get themselves. [Laughter.] :Mr. McLANE. I will name two democratic Presidents on that side Mr. OSCAR TURNER. I want it to be understood that I voted for every one who can be named on the other side. against that bill. Mr. COX. I have not yielded to my democratic friend on the Com Mr. COX. 'Veil, Mr. Speaker, I would like to see and aid some way mittee on Commerce, the gentleman from Maryland. Every time you ()f impxeving -certain large harbors and certain large rivers upon a protest against such river and :harbor bills as this you find that the proper principle. I am not opposed to having these gentlemen on member who leaps into the- a \rand strikes the escutcheon of his State the Commerce "Committee now and then help themselves, provided is on the IJommerce Commi.tt.ee. [Great laughter.] ilhey are just to the rest of the country. I do not say that any ofthe Now I "\ish to present a cheaper mode of improving our streams, committee meant to help themselves or their constituents at the ex which is !Jl'Oposed by a citizen of the State of Virginia, in the pam ·pense of the whole country. Oh, no! Still! am remind~d somehow phlet to which I referred. It is a. "Memorial of Daniel Ruggles, ask ·of the management of the Elder 'Veller, as related by h1s son Sam. ing an appropriation to be expended in developing his system of I t was election time. The father was engaged to bring down voters producing rain-fall. February 12, 1880, referred to the Committee ·from London. .An agent made the politic approach, as Dickens on Agriculture and ordered to be printed." [Here the hammer fell.] ·relates it, in this fashion: May I have the privilege of printing this f [Cries of" Go on!"] "It's a wery bad road between this and London," says the gen'l'm'n. " Here Mr. SPRINGER. I ask unanimous consent that the gentleman •and there it is a heavy road," says my father. ' ' 'Specially near tne canal, I think," from Kew York have his time extended five minutes . ·says the gen'l'm'n. " Nastybit, tha.t 'ere," says my father. "WelL Mr. Weller," .Mr. KENNA. And lt tthe same time be given to the other side. '-aays the gen'l'm'n, "you're a very good whip, an'· can do what :you like with your horses, we know. We're all wary fond o' you, Mr. Weller, so m case you should The SPEAKER. If 11.::ere be no objection the time of the gentle have an accident when you're a-bringing these here woters down, and should tip man from New York will be extended for five minutes, and the same ''em over into the can.al without hurtin' of 'em "- extension of time will be allowed on the other side. The gentleman The philosophy and application of which is summed up by Sam from Texas will then have seven minutes. ·weller in the following: There was no objection. "But what I look at is the hextraord.inary and wonderful coincidence, that ar 1\Ir. COX. Five minutes more is a good deal of extra time to get on ter what that gen'l'm' n said my father's coach should be upset in that wery place, a bill of this size. I will use it on the "rain-fall" question and its and on that wery day !" application to our streams. Every one of these members of the committee gets his big appro I would remark, however, that perhaps somet~g might be gained "Priation, which is an extraordinary and wonderful coincidence; while by referring this bill to the board of education ; for if we were. to the rest is distributed all over the country. study geography all the year round, we might not, without its Fed But, sir, does not the whole country pay for it all 'f eral help, be able to vote intelligently on these remarkable bills in I saw the other day that in Arizona, where there is a good deal of volving some forty pages of strange names and localities; and then, dry land and little water, that its governor wanted to know why it sir, after the board of education is through with it, we might refer the waa that the American Congress while helping other States to water board of edueation to the board of health, because the former would ~ays did not appropriate money to give more water to their thirsty be sure to get sick of it before they got through. [Laughter.] 1'881. GONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1329 This gentleman, Mr. Ruggles, informs us in his pamplet that he has fifty pounds of dynamite, or other explosives, in torpedoes or cartridges charged ~h them in care~y regnla~d proportions, and prepared for detonation and invented a. method for condensing clouds in the atmospheric realm, and for pre sunultaneous explos10n by the time-fuse, securely attached to the framework of cipitating rain-fall from rain-clouds, to prevent drought, to stimulate and sustain the balloon. vegetation, to equalize rain-fall and water-flow- This class of. balloons, charged w!th hydrogen.gas-from 100 to 1,000 cubic feet Water-flow, Mr. Speaker, remember that!- would ascend m ten to twenty nunutes 10,000 to 12 000 feet, with from 10 to 100 and by combining the available scientific inventions of the age to guard against pounds !Jf explosives, into the midst of floating rain.clouds rea~y for explosion "pestilence and famine," and to pr;event or to alleviate them when prevailirig. by the time-fuse. ' The same class of balloons may be arranged for explosion by mechanical or His plan involves theological as well as meteorological and scientific clock-work arrangement. problems. He holds that it is an advance step in engineering, founded 2. The b~oon of any desire.d capacity, be.aring torpedoes and cartridges pre upon the Mosaic record. He says that one of the first great evolu pared for lillllultaneous explos10n by a combmation of a trailing-dra0' with mag- neto-electric force in the cloud realni. o tions of the Omnipotent mind had reference to those atmospheric 3. The balloon, directed by an aeronaut engaged in exploration, from which tor laws which involved drought and controlled rain-fall. Let me quote: pedoes may be thrown in parachutes and explOded from the balloon or from the From the same divine source we derive an early lesson in philosophy, that " the ground, as circumstances may render expedient. Lord God had not cansed it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till After describing the various kinds of clouds upon which he would the ground." (~n. ii, 5.) "But. there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the opera~e~ and the results from the reciprocal action of the magneto ground." (~n. ii, 6.) electric force betweell: the earth and t~e clo~ds, and drawing the . ''.And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into very thunders from therr caverns and the lightnmgs from their towers his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living souL" (Gen. ii, 7.) he boldly proposes his shock to the American Senate: ' "So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him ; m:!le and female created he them." (Gen. i, 27. ) .A.s.a combination of mechanical and chemical forces for the inaurnration of a ".And God blesseil them, and God said unto them, be fruitful, and multiply, and practical plan of e~loratiou, with a view to appropriate the atmospheric laws of replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the :fish of the sea, and cl?u~-land, in sunshine and in storm, and direct them, so far aa may be practicable, over ·the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth." ~thin the spher~ of the ~P:eat industrial interests and energies of man, and espe (Gen. i, 28.) ?Ially so to sustain vegetation and to equalize the water-jUno of strea'11l8 and f"i11ers Thns we behold our sphere, in its grand celestial orbit, as it fell from the hand m harmany 1J?ith systems for ez:tensive irrigation as weU as to facilitate navigation. of Creative Wisdom. The field 1s broad-very broad; as deep as it is broad- it is very deep! But History, both sacred and profane, admonishes us that the vicissitudes att-endant when we contemplate the triumphs of American genius within the present cen upon drought menace almost continuously vast regions of the habitable globe. tury, there is abundant reason to anticipate untold advancement. The theory in History, as well as observation, also admonishes us tnat man is neither aerful nor volves ~e whole round of philosophic principles, as well as an unlimited field for amphibious, but a land animal; that he walks the earth, breathes the air, drinks obserration. the waters, and that by his impulsive genius and indomitable ener~ he has at No':"' this sy!item i~ not altogether a ~ew syst~m. Professor Espy tained dominion, more or less imperfect, over large areas of the earth s surface· a limited control over the sea, and some familiarity with, but a far more limi~d has gtven a ~rnt of It before. I would like to pnnt further the vari control over, the atmospheric realm. Even the divine injunction to man to "re ous plans which are referred to by this iuventorfrom Virginia. It is plenish the earth and subdue it " would seem to have been prophetic only of the not often that Virginia gives us an inventor. When he comes here progress of the ages. ~et us hail him~ He is from Fredericksburgh, Virginia, and I think h~ Hist{)ry, both sacred and profane, illustrates by what slow degrees man has ad vanced in the subjugation of the earth, dominion over the sea, and in the conquest 1s a brave soldier, from the way he writes. He says that for adven of the atmosP.heric realm. Each advancing step has constituted an era in human turous science there is a more entrancing prospect in cloud-land than progress. Like the blind man in a dream it has taken a step in advance and then at ~he pole. ~e ho~ds that there is a ~!l'gnetic force like gravitation, . f~ltered. In his infancy the savage imitates the ~h in swimming and disports which at certam hetghts does not exhibi\ any sensible variation; that himself upon the waters. The development of this faculty constitutes, however only the first step in man's advancement. It facilitated his migration among th~ men have gone up miles high, away up m the air, and have been all .fishing-streams and hunting-grounds of the primeval wilderness, but he was still oversurc~arg~d with electricity, and that they_have come.downsafely; a savage! He invented tlie canoe, which constitutes an admirable triumph of and that if this be so, why could they not with· dynamite explosion human art. pour out of the clouds their water to fructify the earth and make its The genius of man has been lJrillia.ntly illustrated in the progressive stages of development of this primeval invention in all its varied forms. In the small canoe streams run with abundance and gladness! [Great laughter.] cut from the trunk of a forest tree or fashioned from the strouO' bark of the birche:d Let us remember that by this explosive force there is an instanta tree, we trace the ori~ of this inspiration of savagegenim. "such wa.CJ the magic neous conversion of solid or liquid matter in small dimensions into bark, bearing in prehistoric ages the solitary hunter and :fishen:nan. In the prog ress of time each structure of canoe acquired a capacity to bear scores of savaO'e gas or v!l'por of a greatly increased vol~e, expanded by heat evolved, warriors on the war-path against hostile nations. "' generatmg for~e, so that the explosiVe effect of gunpowder being It will thus be seen how gradually this scientific intellect produces taken as a umt, or 1.00, gun-cotton is 3.00, and nitro-glycerine is from these sacred and profound observations his plan for the replenish 4.80, a~d theirexplosiveforce is 1.00, 3.06, and4.55,respectively. The ing of the streams which niggard nature ha.s left here and there water most v10lent explosives are more limited in their effects, yet are often less. Observe, too, how he pictures the savage genius and his birch preferred when detonated. The potential energy of explosives, as bark canoe in his avocations and migrationS, when no Federal ex well as coal, has been measured, approximately, by the evolution of chequer was near by to add to its largess fo. r the genius of his inven ~ he fo!ce, per pound, to raise one ton to the height of one foot, and tion. To what is all this tendingY Nothing less than to the art of lB designated "per pound" so many ''foot tons." The potential energy of gunpowder is 480, of gun-cotton 716, of nitro-glycerine 1,139, n~vigation, the conquest of the waters, as well as the mastery of the arr, and the mastery of the waters by the mastery of the air. Sub while that of one pound of coals is about 4,980! If t~ese are ~deed verities, and I a.m not disputing them, why may li~e ideal Thus he would stir to its " profoundest depths" the immo bility of the commerce of the world, whether upon the placid Hudson not this potential energy save us from these annual appropriations f the beautiful Ohio, or the magnificent Mississippi. ' All that he asked for this wonderful invention was 10,000! It is Now, what does he propose to do f How does he propose to do itT economy. Consider its sublime object: The confo.rmat;ion of.our continen~ cro~ed with its lofty mountain ra11ges, ~e ~ its . proposes cheaper mode than we are pursuing by such ten-mill great bo~ding nvers, 1ts broa?- fertile plams, and i~ boundless forests-all swept )On annual bills as these. He proposes that we shall have certain ~y the ram clouds of surrounding oceaiis-all, all gtve assurance that a combina skeleton balloons sent up into the air and that these balloons shall tion of skill and industry will materially protect our soil from impending droughts be loaded with explosives of all kinds, with dynamite with Vulcan and from those visitations of desolating famine so often chronicled in the eastern world. powder, with mica powder, with nitro-glycerine, with Hercules pow By th~s sc~g the vicissitudes ever impending_we discover the magnit?-de of der Nos. 1 and 2, and all kinds of gun-cotton and rend-rock all of the contingenCies we may be doomed to meet; and m the event of success m this which are to be carried up amon~ the rain-clouds and there t~uched plan for precipitation of rain.fall we also disclose the notable fact that no other off by so:r;ne bold and dashing na:VIgator of the air.. [Great laughter.] scheme of philanthropy known to man-save that embodied in the Christian dis Conquerrng first the atmosphenc realm for great mdustrial and com pensation-transcends it. mercial benefits he would utilize the highly elastic fluid of the aerial Now, why not adopt this grand philanthropic arrangement instead 1 of coming here year after year to get appropriations for these little fo~ the . navigation of an i_nelas~ic liquid. His grand idea for this obJect 1s the balloon. With this he would invade the cloud-realm. creeks and insignificant rivers in the remote districts of our beloved To use his own expressive language- land, to the torture of our tender consciences, to the ruin of all genu ine appropriations and constitutional theories for grand Federal and It is contemplated in the prosecution of my invention to combine the scientific revelation of the age ~ ~hich we liv~ (so far ~may prove available) to control national purposes Y I thank the House for its attention. [Great ap ~e cloud-re~ by c~g and exacting a passmg tribute, under favoring condi plause.) -tions, to sustain and stimulate vegetation, to prevent pervading and desolating Mr. REAGAN. How much time have I, Mr. Speaker ! drought, and to extract from the soil its natural increase. This result even im· perfectly attained~ would tenil materially to alleviate famine and often fu prevent The SPEAKER. The gentleman has seven minut.es' time, includ its occurrence, ana would thus become a boon to mankind. ing the five minutes' extension granted by the Honse. If th~ ~ay I add_that if it be that such results are attained by the precipi Mr. REAGAN. there was no other advantage accruing to t!l'twn of ram-fall upon the parched earth, why are such appropria country from the reporting of a river and harbor bill, we are in some tions as these any longer needed Y This inventor may not have ex measure rewarded, perhaps, for the labors of its preparation by the actly intended it, but by his plan he would have some of these balloons speeches to which we are annually treated by the gentleman from stationed in the air and over at the heads of these little streams in New York, [Mr. Cox.] [Laughter.] the mountains, far aloof from men and commerce to pour down rain The :first point of objection which the gentleman makes to the bill from heaven that there might be navigation, th~ough the abundant now before the House is that the appropriationsexceed the estimates waters which this scientific plan would produce. [Laughter.] of the War Department. I had stated to the House that the esti L~t me not do injustice to this rare invention. I must needs quote mates before us embrace about twenty-six million dollars, while the· agam: bill appropriates about ten million dollars. The appropriations in In the prosecution of m:f plan only small skeleton balloons of eeonomica.l or this bill are a little less than 40 per cent. of the estimates. cheap structure will be reqmred, and- In one sense the statement of the gentleman may have something 1. The small, light, skeleton balloon to carry into the cloud realm from one to in it, but he did not seem to understand the point in which there was Xl- 84 \ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, 1330 . -r ~ .. l} ..,.... any force in it. The Secretary of War recommended the cutting Muldrow, Reagan, Smith, William E. Ward, Myers, Reed, Speer, Washburn, down of the estimates first sent in, from $"22,000,000 to $7,500,000-; New, Richardson, J. S. Stone, Wellborn, / but he subsequently sent in some five million dollars additional. So Newberry Robertson, Talbott, Wells, much for that. O'Connor, Ross, Thompson, P. B. White The gentleman made the point that the members of the Committee O'Neill, Rothwell, Tillman, White~kerJ. on Commerce had taken special care of themselves in this appropri Orth, Russell, W. A. Townsend, Amos Williams, v. G. Pacheco, Samford, Tucker, ~~ms, Thomas ation bill. It will be remembered that there are fifteen members of Persons, Sawyer. Turner, Thomas that committee, a member from each of fifteen different States; and Phelps, Ska.llenberger, Upson, WillitS those States happen to be generally States where it is becessary to Philips, Shelley, Urner, Wilson: Phister, Sherwin, Vance, Wise expend the largest amount of money in the improvement of naviga Poehler, Simonton, Vwrhis, Wright, tion. Pound, Sin~leton, 0. R. Waddill, Yeates, · Now, it may be the misfortune of Massachusetts that Boston Har Price, SlDlth, Hezekiah B. Wait, Yonng, Casey. bor-is in that State, and that she has a number of other important NAYS-86. ports which accommodate a large commerce. It may be the misfor Anderson, Dwi ht, Ladd, Sapp, tune of New York that Long Island Sound and the Hudson River are Atherton, Einsf.ein, Lapham, Scales, there. It may, in the view of the gentleman from New York, [Mr. Bailey, Ferdon, LeJJ'evre, Slemons, Beltzhoover, Field, Lindsey, Smith, A. Herr Cox,] be a crime on the part of New York that that great State has Bicknell, Finley, Lounsbery, Sparks, an immense commerce to be provided for. Blackburn, Fisher, McCoid, Springer, It may be the misfortune of Pennsylvania that her great city of Bowman, Forsythe, McCook, Steele, Philadelphia, accommodating the commerce of that State and a large Briggs, Frye. McMahon, Thomas, Browne, Geddes, Morrison, Thompson, W. G. portion of the commerce of the great West, is located on the Dela Camp, Gillette. Murch, Townshend, R. W. ware River, and that there are about a hundred miles of that river Chittenden, G Mr. ALDRICH, of Rh0de Island. It was an individual motion to one of the rules, and this is a motion to suspend all rules which come suspend the rnles. into conflict with a vote of two-thirds of the House in adopting this The SPEAKER. Very well, then, the Chair will recognize the gen proposition. As the resolution has been modified it will again b.e read. tleman from Colorado, [Mr. BELFORD.] The Clerk read as follows: Mr. HAZELTON. I desire to say, Mr. Speaker, that the gentleman Resolved, That on and after Tuesday, Febl'llal}: 15, and after the morning hour, from California [Mr. PAGE] is detained from the Honse by the death one hour ea{lh day shall be assigned to the coll8lderation and passage of bills by unanimous consent, and the Speaker shall recognize Members and Defegates in the of his father. It is necessary this announcement shonld be made order in which their names stand on the roll. so it may appear of record to explain his absence on thevoteswhich Mr. ATKINS. What roll f have been taken during the day. The SPEAKER. The roll of the Honse. BUSINESS BY UN.L~OUS CONSENT. Mr. CONVERSE. I rise to a point of order, and it is this: this Mr. BELFORD. I move to suspend the rules and pass the follow resolution changes the rules of the House, and those rnles now pu~ ing resolution: scribe what shall be don,e after the morning hour. .Resolved, On and after Monday, February 16, and after the morning honr, one The SPEAKER. This is a motion to suspend the rules in the man 1ionr of each day shall be assigned to the consideration and passage of bills by ner prescribed by those rules themselves. unanimous consent, and the Speaker shall recognize members in the order in which Mr. CONVERSE. The rule says the rules shall not be suspended their names stand ()n the roll. without one d&y's notice. The SPEAKER. The gentleman had better indicate this hour shall The SPEAKER. This is a proposition to suspend that rule as well commence after the morning hour. as the others. Mr. PRICE. There is no Monday, the 16th. Mr. WHITE. I wonld like to know if this can be amended. [Cries Mr. BELFORD. I will say Monday, the 14th. of "Regnlar order!"] I ask if this can be amended so as to allow The SPEAKER. The Chair is of the opinion that two-thirds have the names to be alternately called from each end of the alphabet f voted in the affirmative. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from PelUlSylvania asks that the Mr. REAGAN. I demand a division. proposition be modified so as to take the letters :first· beginning with The Honse divided; and there were-ayes 138. A and in the same manner from the other end of the alphabet alter Mr. HUNTON. I wish to announce, Mr. Speaker, that Monday, nately, until all are called. February 14, has been dedicated to the business of the District of Mr. CONGER. I object. [Cries of "Regnlar Grder!"] Columbia. Mr. LOUNSBERY. I ask for a second to the motion. The SPEAKER. The gentleman then had better make it Tuesday, The question wa-s taken. ihe 15th. The SPEAKER. In the opinion of the Chair, two-thll'dshavevoted Mr. O'NEILL. There is a mistake again; it should be Monday, the in the affirmative. 14th instead of the 16th. Mr. AINSLIE. I wonld like to ask the Speaker if the names of the Mr. BELFORD. The resolution is not written the 16th. I will Delegates are on the roll of the House at all 7 amend it as suggested, so as to read from and after Tuesday, the 15th. The SPEAKER. The Chair understood the resolation has been so Mr. ATKINS. Does this provide for one hour every day t modified as to include the names of the Delegates. The SPEAKER. It dees. Mr. AINSLIE. But the Delegates' names are not upon the roll of Mr. ATKJNS. One hour for unanimous consent every day T the House. The SPEAKER. Yes, sir. The SPEAKER. They are upon the roll of the House, although l!r. HUNTON. The resolution shonldread from and after Tuesday. not upon the rolls of members as called to vote. Mr. MILLS. Not to interfere with appropriation bills. Mr. WHITE. Can I move to amend that proposition f Mr. VALENTINE. Does that allow Delegates to come in T Mr. WARNER. I desire to know also if it ean be modified or The SPEAKER. They ought to be included. amended! Mr. CANNON of Utah. I hope that will be done. Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. I rise to a point of order. There Mr. BELFORD. I will accept that as a modification of my reso has been no second to the demand for the previous question. lution. Mr. WHITE. I move ihat the House do now adjourn. Mr. ATKINS. Subject to appropriation bills. The SPEAKER. The Chair waa unable to learn what point the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas asks that the Dele- gentleman from Illinois desired to make. gates from the Territories be included. Mr. TOWNSHEND, of Illinois. My point was that there has been )lr. BELFORD. I accept that modification. no second to the demand for the previous question. I demand a The SPEAKER. The negative vote will now be counted. second. Mr. McMILLIN. I make the point of order that since the affirma Mr. SCALES. There was no demand for a second before the House tive vote was counted the resolution has been amended in a material divided. point, changing its. character.· The SPEAKER. If the gentleman states that he rose for the pur The SPEAKER. The Chair will take the vote over again. pose of demanding a second, the Chair will recognme him, and holds Mr. ATKINS. I mo-ve the Honse do now adjourn. that it is not too late. The Honse divided; and there were-ayes 57, noes 180. Mr. ACKLEN. He does not state that. Mr. WARNER demanded tellers. The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman state that he rose in time to The House divided ; and there were-ayes 28. demand a second! The SPEAKER. Not a sufficient number to order tellers. Mr. TOWNSHEND, of lllinois. I do not state that. Mr. ATKINS. I demand the yeas and nays. Mr. LOUNSBERY. I will state that I demanded a second before Mr. YOUNG, of Tennessee. I appeal to my colleague- tellers were ordered. Mr. ATKINS. There is no use to appeal to me. Mr. YOUNG, of Tennessee. There has been no second ,demanded. Mr. YOUNG, of 'l'eRnessee. Perhaps if yon heard me for a moment Mr. LOUNSBERY. I have just stated that I demanden a second, you wonld withdraw the demand for the yeas and nays. but the Chair did not recognize it before the vote was taken. Mr. ATKINS. This proposition will necessitate an extra session. The SPEAKER. The Chair will recognize the demand of the gen- , The Honse divided; and there were-ayes 31, noes 131. tleman now, and appoint tellers. The SPEAKER. Not a sufficient number has voted to order the Mr. LOUNSBERY and Mr. BELFORD were appointed tellers. yeas and nays. The House divided; and there were ayes 104, noes 1. Mr. REAGAN. I demand tellers on the yeas and nays. :Mr. MILLS. No quorum has voted. Tellers were ordered, 30 voting in favor thereof; and the Speaker Mr. SPARKA. I move that the Honse do now adjourn. appointed Mr. A~s and Mr. BELFORD. The SPEAKER. The Chair is in some doubt. The rule states that The House again divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 30, noes pending a motion to suspend the rules one motion may be made to 140. adjourn. That motion has already been made. So the yeas and nays were refused. Mr. MILLS. But the rule expressly provides that in the event of The SPEAKER. The vote was 57 ayes and 180 noes; so the Honse no quorum being present the Honse must either adjourn or order a has refused to adjourn. The question now recurs on seconding the call of the House. motion to suspend the rules and adopt the resolution. The SPEAKER. The Chair, under that clause of the rule, entepr 1\Ir. MclllLLIN. I rise to a point of order. tains the motion. If the House chooses it can resist the motion. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. The Honse divided; and there were- ayes 66, noes 93. Mr. McMILLIN. This is the day under the rules for the discharge Mr. WARNER demanded tellers. of committees and passage of bills which have heretofore been intro Tellers were ordered. duced, and for resolutions. I make the point of orderunderthernles Mr. SPARKS and Mr. BELFORD were appointed tellers. a member cannot introduce a resolution on this day. The Honse again divided; and there were-ayes 51, noes 88. The SPEAKER. This is a motion to suspend the rules to enable Mr. MILLS. I demand the yeas and nays. gentlemen to do so. The yeas and nays were not ordered. :Mr. McMILLIN. That is true, and when you suspend the rules Jtlr. LOUNSBERY. I demand tellers on the yeas and nays. you are still working under a part of the rules of this House, and by Tellers were refused. · that rule under which we do work a resolution, I think, cannot be [Cries of "Reaular order ! "] introduced at this time. The SPEAKER. The regnlar order is the announcement of the The SPEAKER. A motion to suspend the rnles is authorized by vote. The House refuses to adjourn. ·1332 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 7, / Mr. MILLS. The question now recurs on seconding the demand Board of Trade, for the distribution of the Geneva award-to the for the p-revious question. Committee on the Judiciary. · The SPEAKER. The tellers will resume their places. The last By Mr. BALLOU: Resolutions of the Board of Trade of Providence, vote disclosed the fact that a quorum is present. Rhode Island, of similar import-to the same committee. The tellers resumed their places. By Mr. BARBER: The petition of Clinton Briggs and 154 other~t The House again divided; and there were-ayes 118, noes 2. merchants of Chicago, Illinois, for the appointment of a commis Mr. LOUNSBERY. No quorum. sion to ascertain and report a basis for a reciprocity treaty betweeu. Mr. ANDERSON. I move that there be a call of the House. the United States and the British provinces-to the Committee on Mr. WARNER. I move that the House do now adjourn. Foreign Affairs. Mr. FINLEY. I make the point of order that that motion is not By Mr. BIC~lELL : The petition of Martin R. Pearson and 43 oth in order pending the motion for a call of the House. ers, citizens of Crawford County, Indiana, against the passage of a Mr. ANDERSON. ·I had made the motion for a call of the House funding bill-to the Committee on Ways and Means. before the motion to adjourn was put. By Mr. BLACKBURN: The petition of citizens of Fayette County, The SPEAKER. The Chair will entertain the motion. Kentucky, for a public building at Lexington, Kentucky-to thQ The call of the House was ordered. Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Mr. FRYE. .Mr. Speaker, I would like to make a suggestion to the By Mr. BLAND : The petition of citizens of Missouri, for legisla House by unanimous consent. tion to protect innocent purchasers of patented articles-to the Com Mr. FROST. I object. mittee on Patents. The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Missouri object to allow Also, the petition of citizens of .Missouri, for an income-tax law ing the gentleman from Maine to make a brief statement Y to the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. FROST. I will withdraw the objection. By :Mr. BREWER: The petition of Harriet E. Jones, for n. pen Mr. FRYE. Mr. Speaker, the proposition which has been made sion-to the Committee OJI Invalid Pensions. touching an hour to be appropriated each day it seems to me is some By 1\f.r. CALDWELL: The petition of James T. Buchanan and what crude, and in this: it allows one objection to prevent the con others, soldiers of Kentucky, against the passage of Senate bill No. siderati .tly Mr. HATCH: The petition of 145 citizens of the twelfth con By Mr. WASHBURN: The petition of Daniel R. Noyes and others, gressional district of Missouri, for the passage of a law to protect in members of the Chamber of Commerce of Saint Paul, Minnesota, for nocent purchasers against the imposition of fraudulent venders of the passage of a law for the prevention of the adulteration of food patents-to the Committee on Patents. and drugs-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Also, resolutions of the Merchants' Exchange of Saint Lonis, favor By Mr. WELLS: Resolution of the municipal assembly of the city ing the abolition of the special taxes levied on bank capital, deposits, of Saint Louis, Missouri, asking that the appropriation of $50,000 . and checks-to the Committee on Ways and Means. made by act of June 14, 1880, for an ice-harbor at Saint Louis be Also, the petition of 156 citizens of the twelfth congressional dis changed to an appropriation for the improvement of the harbor of trict of Missouri, for the passage of an income-tax law-to the same said city-to the Committee on Commerce. committee. · By Mr. WHITTHORNE: A bill to establish a. post-route from By Mr. HAWK: The p0tition of G. W. Curtis and 30 others, citizens Lawrenceburgh, via Knob Creek, to Waynesborough, Tennessee-to of J o Daviess- County, Illinois, of similar import-to the same com the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. mittee. Also, a bill to establish a post-route from Voorhies to Forty-Eight, By l\Ir. HEIL)IAN: The petition of Adams Grange, Indiana, for Wayne County, Tennessee-to the same committee. legislation to suppress the cattle disease known as pleuro-pneumonia. By Mr. THOMAS L. YOUNG : The petitioll£1 of W. H. Brown and t-o the Committee on Agriculture. 33 others ; of Messrs. Schaller & Gerke and 68 other mercantile firms ; By Mr. KEIFER: The petition of R. J. Williams and 15 others, citi and of L.A. Strobel and others, citizens of Cincinnati, Ohio, for the zens of Ridgway, Ohio, against the passage of Senate bill No. 496-to repeal of existing laws imposing a tax on capital and deposits of banks, the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and ~ankers-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Also, the petition of Professor N. S. Townshend, president of the Wool Growers' Association of Columbus, Ohio, and 12 other presiding officers of similar associations throughout the United States, for the passage of the Eaton tariff-commission bill- to the Committee on Ways and Means. IN SENATE. By Mr. KELLEY: Memorial of the Board of Trade of Erie, Penn sylvania, favoring a harbor of refuge in Milwaukee Bay-to the Com TUESDAY, February 8, 1881. mittee on Commerce. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. J. BULLOCK, D. D. By Mr. KETCHAM: The petition of Nelson Stalkes and 14 others, The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read. eitizens sf New York, for the equalization of bounties to soldiers-to Mr. BOOTH. I wish to call attention to that part of the Journal' the Committee on Military Affairs. which says that the. regular order, on my motion, was laid aside in By Mr. LAPHAM: The petition of citizens of New York, against the order to proceed to the consideration of the pension appropriation pa a~~ of Senate bill No.496-totheCommitteeonlnvalidPensions. bill. The proceeding was that it was laid aside unanimously and in By .llll'. MONROE: The petition of Walter Randall and :33 others, formally; so that it maintains its place. If there is no difference in eitizens of Lorain County, Ohio, that the Bureau of Agriculture be the legal interpretation, of course I do not want a change made in made a Department-to the Comn:p.ttee on Agriculture. the Journal; but the fact was that, bynnanimous consent, the pend Also; the petition of the same parties, that the patent laws be so ing order was laid aside informally. amended as to pn>tect purchasers against fraud-to the Committee The VICE-PRESIDENT. Understandings of that kind are not on Patents. made part of the J onrnal. Also, the petition of the same parties, for the passage of a law regu The Journal was approved. la.ting interstate commerce-to the Committee on Commerce. Dy Mr. PHILIPS: The petition of citizens of the seventh congres CREDENTIALS. sional district 9f Missouri, for the passage of an income-tax law-to The VICE-PRESIDENT presented the credentials of Philetus Saw the Committee on Ways and Means. yer, chosen by the Legislature of Wisconsin a Senator·from ·that State Al o, the petition of citizens of the seventh congressional district for the term beginning March 4, 1881 ; which were read, and ordered of Mi souri, for legislation to protect innocent purchasers of patented to be filed. articles- to the Committee on Pat-ents. He also presented the credentials of Arthur P. Gorman, chosen by By Mr. RAY: The petition of Almon P. Graves, for arrears of pen the Legislature of Maryland a Senator from that State for the term sion-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. beginning March 4, 1881; which were read, and ordered to be filed. By Mr. SAWYER: The petition of 190 citizens of Cass County, EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIO~S. :Missouri, for the passage of a law imposing a tax on incomes-to the The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a letter from the Committee on Ways and Means. Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in compliance with the act Also, the petition of David Sharp and 190 others, citizens of Cass of March 3, 1879, the report of the National Board of Health for the County, Missouri, for the amendment of the patent laws to protect quarter ending December 31, 1880, and also the report of the opera innocent purchasers-to the Committee on Patents. tions of the board for the year 1880; which was ordered to lie on the· By Mr. SCOVILLE: The petition of Alonzo Richmond and others, table, and be printed. for the passage of the bill to prevent the adulteration of food and He also laid before the Senate a letter from the Secretary of the drugs- to the Committee on Manufactures. :Wavy, recommending an appropriation to meet the expenses incident Also, the petition of Francis H. Moore and others, against the pas to the unveiling of the statue of Admiral Farragut on the 25th of: sa-p;e of the sixty-surgeons bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. April next; which was referred t-o the Committee on Appropriations. By Mr. SHERWIN: The petitions of S. A. Wolcott, Hitchcock & He also laid before the Senate a letter from the Secretary of the Hayes, Charles Sabin, and P. E. Worsley, for the repeal of the taxon Interior, transmitting a letter from the Superintendent of the Census,_ proprietary medicines-to the Committee on Ways and Means. requesting an appropriation for the rent of additional buildings in By l\Ir. OTHO R. SINGLETQN: The petition of citizens of Missis Washington for the use of the Census Bureau; which was referred. sippi, that the Bnreau of Agriculture be made a Department-to the to the Committee on Appropriations. Committee on A~iculture. .Also, the petitiOn of citizens of Mississippi, for the passage of an PETITIONS .AND MEMORIALS • interstate-commerce bill-to the Committee on Commerce. Mr. PLUMB -presented the memorial of E. W. Harris and others, of· Also, the petition of citizens of Mississippi, for the passage of an Kansas, soldiers of the war of the rebellion, remonstrating against income-tax law- to the Committee on Ways and Means. the passage of the bill (S. No. 496) providing for the examination arid· Also, the petition of citizens of Mississippi, for the amendment of adjudication of pension claims and all the amendments thereto; which the patent laws-to the Committee on Patents. was ordered to lie on the table. By Mr. A. HERR SMITH: Memorial of the Board of Trade of Erie, Mr. RANDOLPH presented the petition of B. F. Howell and 20() Pennsylvania, asking for a harbor of refuge in Milwaukee Bay-to others, citizens of Morristown, New Jersey, praying for the repeal of the Committee on Commerce. the law levying a tax on the deposits of national banks, and also the By Mr. TYLER: The petition of P. L. Pierce and others, farmers of abolishment of the use of the two-cent stamp on checks and drafts; Vermont, that the Bureau of Agriculture be made a Department-to which was referred to the Committee on Finance. · ' the Committee on Agriculture. Mr. BALDWIN presented the memorial of Lewis Gordon and others;. By Mr. URNER: The petition of Thomas P. Robosson and 55 others, of Tompkins Center, Michigan, soldiers of the war for the Union, re eitizens of Allegany County, Maryland, for the passage of an inter monstrating against the passage of the bill (S. Mo. 496) providing for state-commerce bill-to the Commi~tee on Commerce. the examination and adjudication of pension claims and the amend Also, the petition of Dr. W. H. Perkins and 16 others, citizens and ments thereto; which was ordered to lie on the table. ex-soldiers, against the passage of Senate bill No. 496, relating to He also presented resolutions of the State Association of Agricult pensions-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ural Societies of Michigan, in -favor of the establishment of a. Bureau Also, the petition of Thomas R. Leasure and 26 others, citizens of of Agriculture, and that the Commissioner be made a Cabinet minis Allegany County, Maryland, in favor of making the Commissioner ter; which were referred t.o the Committee on Agriculture. of Agriculture a member of the President's Cabinet-to the Commit He also presented a resolution of the same body, praying the en tee on Agriculture. actment of a law for the sn{)pression and eradication of contagions By Mr. VANCE: The petition of W. P. Jenkins and others, for a diseases of live stoek; which was ordered to lie on the table. post-route from Ripshin, Tennessee, to Wilders, North Carolina.-to He also presented a joint resolution of "ihe Legislature of Michigan, the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. in favor of an appropriation for- securing an efficient harbor at New