D-253 St. John's Episcopal Chapel, Great Choptank Parish

Architectural Survey File

This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.

Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.

All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.

Last Updated: 07-21-2003 D-253 ® St. ]ohn's Chapel Comersville 1853,1939 and later Public worship

St. ]ohn's Chapel is one of the oldest and best preserved frame relialous buildings in

Dorchester County. Built in 1852-53 for the Great Choptank Parish, the rectangular

Gothic Revival inspired structure is distinctive for the late use of exposed and

decorated framing members; including principal posts, rafters and pulins finished with

chamfered edges and tapered stops. A pair of scissors trusses, decorated with

chamfered edges terminating with tapefed stops, supports the center of the roof frame.

The sanctuary interior is also distinguished by two blocks of mid-19th century slip pews

featuring flat, pointed arch panels in each pew end. A two-panel door into the church

office is also enhanced with flat panels. The exterior features pointed arch window

and door openings; oririnal features to the mid-19th century building. St. ]ohn's

Chapel is one of the eadiest extant exanples of a Gothic Revival inspired design on

the lowef Eastern Shore. An asymmetrical bell tower, built with similar pointed arch

features, was added to the northeast comer of the church in 1939. Other

modifications were made to the church during the mid-to-late 20th century as well as

building a separate vestry house southwest of the cburch in 1966.

Constniction of St. John's Chapel is well documented in the archives of the

Episcopal Church. Under the leadership of Reverend Theodofe P. Barber, the

Episcopalian congregation in the Neck District was revived during the mid-19th

century. An eadier structure erected near the head of Chapel Creek functioned during ® the late 18th and eady 19th centuries until services were discontinued. In a lettef to the

1 ® Bishop of Maryland, the RIcht Reverend W. 8. Whittingham, Reverend Barber wrote in Septembef 1851 :

Pchaps I meM[honed to you in the Ice visitation ay long cl]eri§bed bape Of reuledngthe cburcb §eredces in the Neck Districira tbichb/ Settled neig/bborbood near Castle Haven. There uns, at least si>Q/ year ago a chapel iri that edchdyra rowgib avooderi sf"cture-in mihicb Bisbap Kemfi mi„istered and I hi¢ow not bow may Of bi§ firedecessors in the Rectorshi¢ Of this parish. But vitbin the haf a o/years or so wince the time of Dr. Keap no seri}ices bane been bead there, the chapel has bng since disapfieand; are can oridy estabEsb its locaEty

ky the g/raves. Noni the experiment has I)eon fjarlially tried to rengstchlisbing our wunbi¢. I apoirited a service in the Scbool house some six weeha ag/o. The cong]regation uns so larg/e that we adlf ouned to the unods. The Same results folbwed at ay secorid and tbind

qppointmeuts. On lad Sandy it rdiried i}ey/ capiousdy, Jet twerty §eun uiorsl]¢fiers were firesent. It is ng/ bape, vitb God's Ble§5ing to erut a ay/ wimple chapel Of wood, in wbicb to hold sendces for a forlriigibt. . .Ibe obstacle uilJich are eununter is the difficudy in estabbshing the old Sile. More than foro/year§hers passed strmce tine grourrdtrasbeen ericlosed iu the fledgibboringfield, only the q)ace in the rear ocapied ky graves in lJeid Saand. The Statute Of Emitations ill the apinion Of our lay/e`rs Oudgie Goklsborngib irichded) ffectuady har5 all chin.

Reverend Barber proceeded to estabhsh a revived Episcopal congregation near the

head of Chapel Creek with the purchase of one acre of ground known as "Mitchell's

Garden" for $25 in December 1851. The property was conveyed from ]oh]i Wesley

and Mary Mitcheu to Reverend Barber, James Dixon, Bdce I. Goldsborough, James

Blake, Joseph E. Muse, jr., Samuel W. Lecompte, Alexander H. Bayly, R. Tilg]iman

Goldsborough, and Daniel M. Henry, vestryman of Great Choptank Parish. Within the

fonowing months, probably beSnning in the flew construction season of 1852, the

rectangular timber frame cbapel was assembled on the south side of the road leading

down the center of the Neck District. The chapel was coflsecrated the fonowing

spring on April 16, 1853. n Reverend Barber shapherded this congregation for over forty years until 1892. The church was dormant intermittently during the mid to late 1890s as well as pedods

2 during the eady 20th century. It reopened in 1936 and three years later, the

congregation financed the construction of the comer bell towel, dedicating it to

Reverend Barber in 1939. The tower was erected with a sensitive eye to the original

design of the frame chapel with a pointed arch window opening and pointed arch

openings in the belfry. Other changes to the building have been made to either side o

the apse; all of which bave been creatively conceived and executed according to the

oriSnal design of the 1852 budding.

3 Maryland Historical Trust Inventory No. D-253 Maryland Inventory of ® Historic properties Form

1. Name of Pro indicate referred name

historic St. ]ohn's chapel other St. ]ohn's P. E. Church 2. Location

street and number 1211 Hudson Road not for publication

city, town Comersville x vi ci nity county Dorchester

3. Owner of propert`/ (give names and mailing addresses of all owners) name Trustees of st. john's chapel of the protestant Episcopal church street and number 1213 Hudson Road telephone city. town Cambrid state ro iDcode 21613 4. Location of Le al Descri a courthouse, registryofdeeds,etc. Dorchestercountyclerkofcout liber 515 folio 138 city,town Cambridge texmap 18 taxparcel 4 taxlDnumber o8-183988 5. Primary Location of Additional Data Contributing Resouroe in National Register District Contributing Resouroe in Local Histon.c District Determined Eligible for the National Register/Maryland Register Determined Ineligible for the National Registen/Maryland Register Recorded by HABS/HAER Historic Structure F2eport or Research Report at MHT Other:

6. Classification

Category O`Arnersh i p CuITent Function Resource Count d i stn.ct _p ublic _agriculture _landscape Co ntri buting Noncontributing jLbu ild in g (s) jLprivate commerce/trade _recreation/culture buildings structu re both defense X_religion sites site domestic social structures _Object _education _transportation Objects _funerary _work in progress Total _government unknown health care vacant/not in use Number of Contributing Resources 0 industry other: previously listed in the Inventory 7. Description Inventory No. D-253

Condition

JL excellent deten.orated _ good ruins _ fair altered

Prepare both a one paragraph summary and a comprehensive description of the resource and its various elements as it exists today.

DESCRIPTION SUMMARY

St. ]ohn's Chapel is a sinale-story, Gothic Revival inspired frame church that stands on the west end of the community of Comersvme in the Neck District of Dofchester County. Designated with an address of 1211 Hudson Road, the rectangular, gable-roofed main block, reportedly built in 1852-53, is supported on a low brick foundation and it is sbeathed with plain weatherboards. The church faces noch with the steeply pitched gable roof oriented on north/south axis. The noch elevation contains the main entrance which is sheltered by a single-story, gable roofed vestibule. Attached to the northeast comer of the main block in ;::9££t:rtfj]:vifi;=:=ittooT::ec238ecdenbi;;s#fatb:Ofharsfe;n:%:ioeufpsgb:edeEfno±€esacchn¥sr;?hfise interior survives with exposed wall posts finished with chamfered edges and tapered stops and a scissors- truss roof frame, Pulins are mordsed and tenoned into the exposed rafters. Two cased tie rods connect the side walls in the same location as the exposed chamfered edge wall posts. The interior wall surfaces of the sanctuary are finished with vertical beaded board wainscoting that rises to the level of the window sins; above the window sills the walls are plastered. The sanctuary is fitted with two blocks of shp pews divided ® by a center aisle. The end boards of each pew have a simple pointed arcb inset panel.

Joining the church on the property is a sinde-story gable roofed frame vestry house erected to the west of the church in 1966. Located to the south of the church is a cemetery containing several score of marked and unmarked burials.

GENEARL DESCRIPTION

The St. ]obn's Chapel is located on the western edge of the community of Comefsville in the Neck District of Dorchester County. Identified with an address of 1211 Hudson Road, the sinde-story gable-front frame church, reportediy built in 1852-53, is supported on a low brick foundation and the exterior is sheathed with plain weatherboard siding. The steeply pitched gable roof is covered with asphalt shindes.

The north (main) elevation is an asymmetrical fapade with a sinde-story gable-front vestibule sheltering the double door entrance to the sanctuary. The double doors to the vestibule entrance are heawly molded Victorian paneled doors that are topped by a pointed arch transom fitted with a seven-pane transom. The double door opening and the transom window are framed by a narow beaded edge surround. The edge of the vestibule roof is finished with a flush end trimmed with a stepped profile bargeboard. The gable end of the main block is a plain weatherboard wall surface trimmed with a flush gable end trimmed with a two-part bargeboard. The peck of the gable roof has a small cross.

The west side of the 1852-53 building is three bays across and each bay is defined by a pointed arch sash window of clear dass. Each window opening is framed by a narrow beaded edge surround. Fixed in the upper level of the wall surface under the Cave and evenly spaced between the windows are two anchored tie rods. Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Inventory No. D-253 ® Historic properties Form

Name St. john's P. E. Church Continuation Sheet

Numberi Page 1

The east side elevation is similar to the west side with three pointed arch sash windows piercing the weatherboarded wall surface. Attached to the flortheast comer is the comer bell tower. The east wall of the bell tower is a plain weatherboarded wan surface. Piercing the south side of the tower is an exterior entrance fitted with a board-and-batten door.

The south side of the main block is largely covered by the gable roofed apse that has been enlarged to each side with extensions of the apse including a sacristy on the southwest comer and a smau office/sitting room on the southeast comer. A paired set of pointed arch windows pierce the oriSnal rear wall of the apse, the gable end of the main block is covered with plain weatherboards, and the roof edge is trimmed with a molded bargeboard.

The interior of the sanctuary has remained largely intact since the mid-19th century with exposed and decorated wall posts, decorated purlins, and a chamfered edge scissors truss. There are two tie rods that have been encased in box beams. The perimeter of the sanctunry is trimmed with vertical board :e=esrc:¥e8;fub°wV;eththbeLowcg:Cf°:d8.t%£.:±i:iapst;:w=€oLae¥c:r¥.eLEara%iLypi:a:.d¥se:=:e¥d,hflasata pointed arch panel The altar is raised on a low platform framed by a late 20th-century railing.

I.ocated southwest of the church is a sinale-story gable roofed frame vestry house elected in 1966. South of the churcb is a small 19th-and 20th-centure cemetery defined by several dozen marble gravemarkers. 8. Significance Inventory No. D-253 Period Areas of significance Check and justify below ® 1600-1699 _ agriculture _ economics health/medicine _ performing arts 1700-1799 archeology education industry _ philosophy x 1800-1899 x architecture _ engineering invention _ politics/government 1900-1999 art entertainmenv landscape architecture x religion _ 2000- commerce recreation _law science communications ethnic heritage literature social history community planning _ exploration/ maritime history transportation conservation settlement military Other:

Specific daites Dedication April 1 6,1853 Architect/Builder

Construction dates 1852-53 and later,1939

Evaluation for.

National Register Maryland Register x not evaluated

Prepare a one-paragraph summary statement of significance addressing applicable criteria, followed by a narrative discussion of the history of the resource and its context. (For compliance projects, complete evaluation on a DOE Form - see manual.)

SIGNIFICANCE SUMMARY

St. ]ohn's Chapel survives as one of the oldest frame church buildings in Dorcbester County. Built in 1852- 53 for the Great Choptank Parish, the rectangular Gothic Revival inspired structure is also distinctive for the late use of exposed and decorated framing members; including principal posts, rafters and pudins finished with chamfered edges and tapered stops. A pair of scissors trusses, decorated with chamfered edges terminating with tapefed stops, supports the center of the roof franc. The sanctuary is also distinguished by two blocks of mid-19th-century slip pews featuring flat, pointed arch panels in each pew end. A two-panel door opening into the church office is also enhanced with flat pointed panels. The exterior features pointed arch window and door openings. St. john's Chapel is one of the earliest extant exanples of a Gothic Revival inspired design on the lower Eastern Shore. An asymmetrical bell tower, built to fephcate some of the oriSnal pointed arch shapes, was added to the northeast comer in 1939. Other modifications were made to the church during the mid-to-late 20th century, including the construction of a separate vestry house southwest of the church in 1966.

HISTORIC CONTEXT

Construction of St. ]ohn's Chapel is wen documented in the archives of the Episcopal Church. Under the leadership of Reverend Theodore P. Barber, the Episcopal congregation in the Neck District was revived during the mid-19th century. An eadief structure erected near the head of Chapel Creek functioned during the late 18th and eady 19th centuries until services were discontinued. In a letter to the Bishop of Maryland, the Right Reverend W. 8. Whittinghan, Reverend Barber wrote in September 1851 :

Pedap] I meutianed to Joe its the kite edritatiott ay/ long cbedsbed bo¢e Of reedchg lbe cbunb Seniices itt the Neck DisvicS~ a tbicRIey settbd yiedgii]borbood near Castb Haun. There was, at hast sixty years ago a chapel in that edcindty-a rowgib arcodri structure-iri wbicb Bisbof] Kemap ministered and I kmiow riot lJow many Of his predece§San in the Rectunhi¢ Of this ® Parish. But vitbin the hst fiifD/ years or so riM!ce the time Of Dr. Kemap no §en}ice§ have been held there, the chapel has lomg sirice disqpfieared., "e can only e§tabBsb its locabty ky the gr]raves. Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Inventory No. D-253 ® Historic properties Form

Name St. ]ohn's chapel Contin uation Sheet

Numberi Page 1

Now tl]e experiment has been 1)artialley tried to rengstabbsbimg our tivorshi¢. I ap¢oirited a Son!ice in the school house Some six weeho qgo. The comgiregedon was so brgie that we adyouned to the woods. The Same resuks folhaed at ay seand and third apfioir[tmats. On last Sundy it rdened I)ey/ capiously, yct twerty seven uiorsbdyfien were pesent. It is ay bape, vitb God:s Blessing, to erut a Way/ §ixple chapel Of wood, in arbicb to bold Services orice a forlndgibt. . .Tl]e obstacle arhich we encounter is the diffioudy Of estabBshing title to the oid site. More than fortyyears i)as (sic) I)assed a:niay sifl!ce the ground bar been ericlosed ill the neigibbchngfield, only the apace in the rear occapied ky the graves is bold Sacred. The Statrte Of limitatioris in the apivion Of our long/en Oudy Goldsbormgib inchoded) I i ;edualley bars all cbim.1

Reverend Barber proceeded to establish a revived Episcopal congregation flear the head of Chapel Cfeek with the purchase of one acre of ground knowfl as "Mitcheu's Garden" for $25 in December 1851.2 The property was conveyed from John Wesley and Mary Mitcbell to Reverend Barber, James Dixon, Brace I. Goldsborough, James Blake, Joseph E. Muse, ]r., Samuel W. Lecompte, Alexander H. Bayly, R. Thghman Goldsbofough, and Daniel M. Henry, vestrymen of Gfeat Choptank Parish. Within the following months, probably beSnning with a new constmction season in the spring of 1852, the rectangular timber frame chapel was assembled on the south side of the road leading down the center of the Neck District. The chapel was consecrated the fouowing spring on April 16, 1853.3

Reverend Barber shepherded this congregation for over forty years until 1892. The church was doi:mant intermittently during the mid-to-late 1890s as weu as periods during the ealy 20th century. It reopened in 1936 and three years later the congregation financed construction of the comer bell tower, dedicating it to Reverend Barber in 1939. The tower was built with a sensitive eye to the oriSnal desigr of the building with a pointed arch window opening and pointed arch openings in the belfry. Other changes to the building have been made on either side of the apse; all of which have been sensitively conceived and executed according to the oriSflal character of the 1852 building.

I Letter from Reverend Theodore P. Barber to the RIght Reverend W. 8. Whittingham, dated September 9,1851; typescript 0 incoiporated in the hffl form whtten by Laird E. Smith, Chairman of the Executive Committee of St. John's Chapel, dated !uE:r:'h:£::CourtyLandRecord,FJH1/326,December20,1851,Dorchestercountycouthouse,Cambridge,Maryland 3 Op cit. 9. Major Bjbliographical References Inventory No. D-253

® Dorchester County Imd Records, various volumes, Dorchester County Courthouse, Canbridge, Maryland. Laird E. Smith and Michael Boume, hffllp forms D-253, May 1975, June 8, 1981.

10. Geographical Data

AAcreage of surveyed property 2.70 acres Acreage of historical setting 1 acre Quadrangle name Church ci:reeck MD Quadrangle scale: 1:24.000

Verbal boundary description and justification

The metes and bounds of this surveyed property are coincidental with the current boundary of the lot as designated on the Dorchester County Tax Map 18, Parcel 4.

11. Form Prepared b

oorca nization Private consultant date 6.21.2018

street & number P. 0. Box 5 telephone 410-651-1094

city or town Westover state Maryland 21871

The Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties was officially created by an Act of the Maryland Legislature to be found ln the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1 974 supplement.

The survey and inventory are being prepared for information and record purposes only and do not constitute any infringement of individual property rights.

return to: Maryland Historical Trust DHCD/DHCP 1 00 Communfty Pfaco Crownsville, MD 21032-2023 ® 410-514-7600 Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Inventory No. D-253 ® Historic properties Form

Name St. ]ohn's chapel

Continuation Sheet

Numberi Page 1

St. Tohn's Chapel 1 2 1 1 Hudson Road Comersville, Dorchester County, Maryland

Mp 18, Parcel 4

FJH 1/326 John Wesley Mitchell and wife Mary Mitchell

12.20.1851 Reverend Theodore Barber, James Dixon, Brice J. Goldsborough, James Blake, Joseph E. Muse, Jr., Samuel W, Lecompte and Alexander ® H. Bayly, R. Tilghman Goldsborough, Daniel M. Henry, the vestrymen of Great Choptank Parish

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Made dy: Marybnd Hstofcal lTust MOP Pbotograph Log D-253 St. ]ohn's Chapel Cornersville vicinity, Dorchester County, Maryland Ink Specifications: Epson Ultrachrome Pigmented Inks HDR Paper Specifications: Epson Enhanced Matte Paper DVD-R Gold Specifications: Verbatim Ultralife Arcbival Gold DVD-R Photographer, Paul Baker Touart \ Photo # Image File Name Description

D-253 2018-06-18 01 North elevation of church D-253 2018-06-18 02 Southeast elevation of church D-253_2018-06-18_03 South elevation of church D-253 2018-06-18 04 Sanctuary looking south D-253_2018-06-18_05 Sanctuary looking south-southwest D-253_2018-10-31_06 Sanctuay looking north D-253 2018-06-18 07 Sanctuary looking north-northwest D-253 2018-06-18 08 Gothic arched door on east side wan D-253_2018-06-18_09 Scissors truss roof frame D-253 2018-06-18 10 Northeast elevation of church hall

.. ,·-····. i: . MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST j INVENTORY FORM FOR STATE HISTORIC SITES SURVEY

UNAME

HISTORIC St. John's Chapel, Great Choptank Parish ANO/OR COMMON St. John's Church, Great Choptank Parish flLOCATION STREET&NUMBER Cambridge Hudson Road (MD 343) (nine miles west of Cambridge, Md. on SR Y+J) B+b CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Cornersville VICINITY OF 8th STATE COUNTY M::!rvland Dorchester DcLASSIFICATION

CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE _DISTRICT _AGRICULTURE _MUSEUM - _PUBLIC X OCCUPIED X.BUILDINGISI XPRIVATE -UNOCCUPIED _COMMERCIAL _PAF.K _STRUCTURE _BOTH _WORK IN PROGRESS _EOUCATiONAL _PRIVATE RESIDENCE _SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE _ENTERTAINMENT X.RELIGIOUS _OBJECl _IN PROCESS _YES: RESTRICTED _GOVERNMENT _SCIENTiFiC -- _SEING CONSIDERED K YES: UNRESTRICTED _INDUSTRIAL _ TRAN'.:?ORTATION _NO _MILITARY _OTHER: DOWNER OF PROPERTY

NAME . Great Choptank Parish Telephone # : 228 - '3161 ~TREET & NUMBER · P. O. Box 456 CITY.TOWN STATE,, zip c~a.e · · Cambridge _ VICINITY OF Md• 21613 l!LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION - Liber #: FJH 1 COURTHOUSE. Folio #: 326-8 REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC. Dorchester County Court House, Land Record.s··Office (copy attached) STREET & NUMBER High & Spring Streets CITY. TOWN STATE Cambridge Pd. 21613 IJ REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE St. John's Prot. Episcopal Church DATE Jm~e 12, 1891 (copy attached) _FEDERAL -STATE -COUNTY -lOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS Dorchester County Court House CITY.TOWN STATE Md. 21613 tto•

-· - -~~---~~--- _! -·---- .. ·-!---~-~-"':------B DESCRIPTION I CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE

X.EXCELLENT . _DETERIORATED _UNALTERED X ORIGINAL SITE - _GOOD ·_RUINS _ALTERED _MOVED DATE..___ _ _, _FAIR _UNEXPOSED

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (If KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

see attached. 7. Description x.:

s s

s ,·,.

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY 7. DESCRIPI'ION page 1 ·- The church building is located in the center of the property on the south side of Hudson Road (SR 343) leading west from Cornersville to Hills Point and is approximately nine miles west of Cambridge, Maryland in the Neck District of Dorchester County. This church is the original building built in 18.52 and completed in 1853. It is simple country gothic architecture. The main part of the church is about forty feet long, twenty feet wide and

the double gabled roof is twenty five feet tall. The sanct~ measures ten feet wide by six feet deep on the south end of the church. 'Ibe narthex is about eight feet long by eight feet wide on the north end of the church. The sacristy was eleven feet long and eight feet wide on the southwest corner of the building. The entire structure was erected of local woods. The framing was made of hand hewn and hand sawn timbers mortised and pegged. The nails used in the framing and the bevel siding were hand forged. During the year of 1939 the Bell Tower was added to the church. It was built entirely of wood to match the architecture of the original church. This tower is eight feet by eight feet and twenty seven feet high with a - large bell hung in the upper part. In the year of 19 56 the Sacristy was enlarged to fourteen feet long by eleven feet wide to accommodate the vestments, choir robes and the activities of the Women's Auxilary. This addition also perfectly matches the original church building. Also during this period a chain link fence was erected on three sides of the property and a split rail fence was erected along the front of the property facing the roaa.. In 1966 a Parish House was built to accommodate the growing needs of the church activities including Sunday School, the women's Auxilary and the social functions of this congregation. This is a frame building with first

quality aluminum siding in keeping with the theme of the church buildi.~g. During 1968 a thirty six foot wide strip of land was added to the rear of the church property and made a part of the cemetery. In the last two years necessary renovations and improvements to St John's building and grounds have been completed. Some of the major items that have been accomplished are; - several hundred feet of drain pipe was installed to drain off surplus water on the grounds. - several truckloads of gravel was spread over the driveway area. - a new heating furnace was installed in the rear of the church. - new brick pilings were built under the building and existing ])-:2_ 53

7. DESCRIPTION (continued) page 2 - - pilings were rebuilt -deteriorated sections of the wooden supports under the building were replaced with treated timber - a concrete gutter was installed along the west side of the building to drain off rain water from the roof and adjoinging ground. - loose plaster was replaced and cracks filled. - walls, ceiling, floors,woodwork and pews painted - new carpeting on the church floor. The entire church property consisting of approximately one acre of land on which stands a church, parish house and a cemetery is maintained in impeccable cond.ition±hrough the efforts of members of the congregation on a volunteer basis. This church was opened and consecrated for public worship on April 16, 185). It remained open as a place of public worship until the year 1892 when it was closed due to lack of use. During the year 1918 St John's was opened for public worship in the Neck District. After a period of eleven years - the church was closed in 1929. However in 1936 St John's reopened for the third time and has remained open for public worship on a regular basis in the Neck District•

..... II SIGNIFICANCE

. ' PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW

_PREHISTORIC ---ARCHEOLUGY-PREHISTORIC _COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE X_RELIGION _1400-1499 ---ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION _LAW ..:..sci ENCE _1500-1599 ---AGRICULTURE _ECONOMICS _LITERATURE _SCULPTURE _ 16()()- I 699 ---ARCHITECTURE _EDUCATION _MILITARY _SOCIAUHUMANITARIAN _1700-1~9 ---ART _ENGINEERING _MUSIC _THEATER X-1800-1899 _COMMERCE _EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT _PHILOSOPHY _TRANSPORTATION _1900- _COMMUNICATIONS _INDUSTRY _POLITICS/GGVERNMENT _OTHER (SPECIFY) . _INVENTION

SPECIFIC OATES BUILDER/ ARCHITECT

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

see attached 8. Statement of Si@lifian?e ··.~:

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. ' ( ' CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY 1)-;),53

8. Statement of Significance page 1

F-rom an architectual point of view St John's Church is a classic example of simple country gothic. The unpretentious lines enhanced by the white finish on the exterior of the church give it a chaste beauty rarely found. The early pointed windows with the imperfect flat drawn glass panes and tria..'1.gular transom double front doors also add charm to the entire setting. The interior of the church also contributes to a pleasant sensation of devine solitude. There are twelve white pews on each side of the church facing the white trirni11ed sanctuary with double pointed windows and old glass panes. The walls are plastered with wood wainscoating up approximately three feet. The plastered walls are painted a soft green and the woodwork is painted a pale bJ.:ue green. Lighting is provided by candle sconces and old glass oil lai-nps mounted on the walls •. T..r'te ad.di tions of the bell tower and the sacristy are both in accordance with the original theme of the church. From a religious standpoint this historic St John's Church, Great Choptank Parish know11as St John's Chapel was built in 18.52 and consecrjated on April 16, 1853 by the Right Reverend Henry John Whitehouse, Bishop of D..linois acting for Right Reverend w. B. Whittingham, Bishop of Maryland. The Reverend Theodore P. Barber, Rector, Great e!hoptank Parish, from 1849 through 1892, was responsible for this new church located in the Neck .... District community of Dorchester County. Some sixty years prior to this time there was a place of worship close by called Chapel of Ease as noted

i..~ the following letter by Reverend Theodore P. Barber to the Right Reverend W. B. "Whittingham, Bishop of Maryland; Right Reverend and: Dear Sir; Cambridge, Sept 9th 1851 Perhaps I mentioned to you in the late visitation my long cherished hope of revivL~g the church services in the Neck District - a thickly settled neighborhood near Castle Haven. There was, at least sixty years ago a chapel in that vicinty - a rough wooden structure - in which Bishop Kemp ministered and I know not how many of his predecessors in the Rectorship of this Parish. But within the last· fifty years or since the time of Dr Kemp no services have been held there, the chapel has long since disappeared; we can only establish its locality by the graves. A very few old residents recollect to have worshipped there in their boyhood. Now the experiment has been partially tried to re-establishing our worship. I appointed a service in the school house some six weeks 1Y2s3

8. Statement of Significance (continued) ago. The congregation was so large that we adjourned to the woods. The same results followed at my second and third appointments. On last Sunday it rained very copiously, yet twenty seven worshippers were present. It is my hope, with God's Blessing,-to erect a very

simple chapel of wood, in which to hold services once a fortn:!!g.~t. As I have wished to proceed cautiously in this difficult enterprise, no communication has been made to you. I wished to see my way clearly before advising you, although the_ anticipated approval of my Bishop has been no slight encouragement to my poor endeavors, thus far by explaining our position. The obstacle which we encounter is the difficulty of establishing title to the old site. More than

forty years has ~ssed away since the ground has been enclosed in the neighboring field, only the space in the rear occupied by t.i-ie graves is held sacred. The statute of limitations in the opinion of our lawyers (Judge Goldsborough included) effectually bars all claim. Very respectfully & truly Your servant in the Lord Theodore P. Barber The Great Choptank Parish was created by an Act of the Assembly and signed into law on June 8th 1692 by Lionel Coplay, Esq., 1st Royal Governor of Maryland on behalf of King William and Queen Mary of Engl.and under which the Province of Maryland was divided into thirty parishes of the Church of England. later during 1725 an Act of the Assembly reduced the size of the Great Choptank Parish to about half by creating the St ¥.a.ry's Chapel Parish from the northern portion of its territory. Then on November 20·':: 1868 the Diocese of Easton was established during the convention at Baston, Maryland by the churchmen of the nine counties located on the Eastern Shore.

The visitations by ~he Bishop of Maryland to the Eastern Shore pa....."""1.shes were so infrequent that a sense of isolation from the rest of the Diocese was felt. Difficulty of travel from the other parts of Maryland to the Eastern Shore also contributed to the situation. The Great Chopta.nk Parish became a pa.rt of the Diocese of Easton. Reverend James Kemp served this early Chapel of Ease as Rector from 1790 through 1812. However nothing remains of this early chapel which was located close to Chapel Creek - so named after Bishop Kemp's chapel - and within five minutes walk to St John's Church. The following Rectors conducted services during the period of time that St John's was open for public worship; - 8. Statement of Significance (continued) page 3 Reverend Theodore P. Barber 1849-1892 Reverend James L. Bryan - Assistant 1886-1902 Reverend Frank Lambert 1936-1941 Reverend Charles W. Hin.ton 1942-1946 Reverend Edward Thompson Jr. 1946-1951 Reverend Allan Whatley 1952-1969 Reverend Barclay Stanton Jr. 1962-1969 Reverend David B. Mulford 1969-1974 Reverend A. Benjamin Narbeth 1974-1975 Reverend J. Edwin Pippin 1975-

The following Bishops served the Great Choptank Parish; Diocese of Maryland.- Right Reverend W. B. Whittingham Diocese of Easton- Right Reverend Henry Chamberlain Lay 1868-1885 Right Reverend William Forbes Adams 1887-1920 Right Reverend George w. Davenport 1920-1938 Right Reverend William McClelland 1939-1949 Right Reverend Allen Jerome Miller 1949-1966 Right Reverend. George Alfred Taylor 1966-1975 Right Reverend William Moultrie Moore Jr. 1975 ------! ( .. )-J.53 ):·~ 0MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Maryland Historical Society - Maryland Diocese Achives, Baltimore Hall of Records - Upper House Journal, Anna.polis - Colonial Proceedings, Anna.polis L._.Jcesan Center, F.a.ston

CONTINUE ON SE~ARATE SHEET I~ NECESSARY lt!JGEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF _NOMINATED PROPERTY _.1....._.pli«l.._.US,,,,._ ____

-~~ :~ ;:~:.~~ .:, . ~ VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION

see EXHIBIT. B for complete boundary description":-:·:~·::-~·~ ··--

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES

STATE COUNTY Maryland Dorchester STAiE COUNTY .. DJ FORM PREPARED BY NAME/ TITLE

I.aim E, Smi±h 1 Chairman, E1rncutiye Committee, St. John's Chapel ORGANIZATION DATE June 8, 1981 STREET & NUMBER · TELEPHONE RR 3, Box 124-2 301 228 ~ CITY OR TOWN STATE Cambridge Maryland I

The Maryland Historic Sites Inventory was officially created by an Act of the Maryland Legislature, to be found in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1974 Supplement. 1 The Survey and Inventory are being prepared for information and record purposes only and do not constitute any infringe ment of individual property rights.

RETURN TO: Maryland Historical Trust The Shaw House, 21 State Circle Annapolis, Maryland 21401 (301) 267-1438

PS· I IOS

I - _l D-253 ~/34-508 10Dv~

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST WORKSHEET NOMINATION FORM for the NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES, NATIONAL PARKS SERVICE

COMMON: St. John's Cha el ANO/OR HISTORIC:

STREET AND NUMBER• Cambridge Hudson Road, Rt. 4 .2 mile east of Ross Neck Road CITY OR TOWN: Cambrid e STATE

CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE OWNERSHIP STATUS (Checlc One) TO THE PUBLIC % D District 18 Building 0 Public Public Acquisition: IR Occupied Yes: 0 D Site 0 Structure 18 Private O In Process 0 Unoccupied IX! Restricted 0 Object 0 Both 0 Being Considered 0 Preservation work 0 Unreltricted t in progre• s 0 No

u PRESENT USE (Check One or More•• Appropriate) 0 Agricultural 0 Government 0 Park 0 Transportation 0 Comments 0 Commerciol 0 Industrial 0 Private Residence 0 Other (Speclly) 0 Educational 0 Military ~ Religious 0 Entertainment 0 Museum 0 Scientific

WNER S NAME: Vest of St. John's Cha el W STREET ANO NUMBER:

COURTHOUSE, RECilSTRY OF OEEOS, ETC: Dorchester Courthouse STREET ANO NUMBER:

Cl TY OR TOWN: 21613

DATE OF SURVEY: 0 Federal 0 State 0 County 0 Local bEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS:

S'l'R . T ANO NUMBER:

CITY OR TOWN: STATE:

PS- 709 (Check One) D Excellent Iii Good D Fair 0 Deteriorated D Ruins D ·Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) (Check One) 0 Altered a Uncltered D Moved QI Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT> ~D ORIGINAL (If lcnown) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

St. John's Chapel is a very small structure, three bays deep and one wide, with the gable being the entrance side. In the middle of the gable is a vestibule, built seperately from the body of the church. It has a very steep pitched Miter arch transom above the double doors. Each leaf of the door has two panels, surrounded by bolec tion moldings. On the northeast side of the structure is a small belfry with a Miter arch window and a small open belfry between the hip roof and octagonal spire. At the top of the spire, the apex of the vestibule and the apex of the main body of the church is a wooden cross. The chapel is well maintained and is located in a grove of old oak trees.

m m

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· . .·.- .. -: ..·.·· ·.. .. ·• PERIOD (Check One or More a• Appropriate) 0 Pre-Columbion 0 16th Century 0 18th Century 0 20th Century 0 1 Sth Century 0 17th Century lliJ 19th Century

SPECIFIC OATE(SI (lfAppllcahle andKnown)

AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More a• Appropriate) Abar iginol 0 Educotion D Political 0 Urbon Planning D Prehistoric 0 Engine•ring Iii R•ligion/Phi. 0 Other (Specify) D Historic D Industry losophy D Agriculture 0 Invention 0 Sci•nce ~ Archit9cture D Landscape D Sculpture D An Architecture D Socia I/Human- 0 com-c• 0 Literature itorian D Communications D Military D Theater D Conservation D Music D Transportation

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The date 1853 is given for the construction of the building. Several of the chapels of Dorchester County have Miter arch windows, but this appears to be the first % use of them in the county. The chapel appears to be the 0 second chapel of ease built in the Neck District for the Great Choptank Parish, the first location being at Corners ville overlooking the waters of Chapel Creek with the Choptank River in the distance .

...

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Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds 0 NW 0 0 0 NE 0 0 SE 0 0 c;w 0 0 APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY:

·Acreage Justification: "'m m

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ML FORM PREPARED BY NAME AND TITLE: Michael Bourne. Architectural Consultant ORGANIZATION Marvland Historical Trust STREET AND NUMBER:

~haw l-:fn11C!o_ 21 ,::; .~ .~ f'i-r~le CITY OR TOWN: AnnaDolis 21401 I il.Z".I r-'"'State Liaison Officer Review: (Office Use Onlv) Significance of this property is: National D State O Local O

Signature DORCHESTEIJ COUNTY,.,

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EXHIBIT A

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Black & White pictures and the

Color Pictures ta.ken by

Laird Smith on April 27,1981

Exterior front of St John' s & Parish House tJfl{p

Black & White pictures and the

Color pictures taken by

Laird Smith on April 27, 1981"

-~------· \ (facing northwest)

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