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The Impact of Oral Health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population

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The Impact of Oral Health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population Eastern Washington University EWU Digital Commons EWU Masters Thesis Collection Student Research and Creative Works 2014 The mpI act of Oral Health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population Jana Mannen Eastern Washington University Follow this and additional works at: http://dc.ewu.edu/theses Part of the Dentistry Commons Recommended Citation Mannen, Jana, "The mpI act of Oral Health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population" (2014). EWU Masters Thesis Collection. 218. http://dc.ewu.edu/theses/218 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research and Creative Works at EWU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in EWU Masters Thesis Collection by an authorized administrator of EWU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Impact of Oral Health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Science in Dental Hygiene in the College of Graduate Studies Eastern Washington University by Jana Mannen June 2014 Major Professor: Ann O’Kelley Wetmore, RDH, BSDH, MSDH ii THESIS OF JANA MANNEN APPROVED BY DATE ANN O’KELLEY WETMORE, RDH, MSDH GRADUATE STUDY COMMITTEE DATE REBECCA STOLBERG, RDH, MSDH GRADUATE STUDY COMMITTEE __________________________________________ DATE_______ KIM CLEARY, PT, PhD. GRADUTE STUDY COMMITTEE MPACT OF ORAL HEALTH ON QOL IN AGING iii MASTER’S THESIS In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Eastern Washington University, I agree that the JFK Library shall make copies freely available for inspection. I further agree that copying of this project in whole or in part is allowable only for scholarly purposes. It is understood, however, that any copying or publication of this thesis for commercial purposes, or for financial gain, shall not be allowed without my written permission. Signature Date IMPACT OF ORAL HEALTH ON QOL IN AGING iv Human Subjects Approvals To: Jana Mannen, Department of Dental Hygiene, 160 HSB From: Sarah Keller, Chair, Institutional Review Board for Human Subjects Research Date: February 3, 2014 Subject: Expedited IRB Review of HS-4428 The Impact of Oral Health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population Thank you for your response to my memo of January 29. Your clarifications and revisions have addressed our concerns. Human subjects protocol HS-4428 The Impact of Oral health on Quality of Life in the Aging Population has been approved as amended. The signed copy of your approved application is enclosed. Human subjects research approval granted by the IRB is good for one year from the date of approval, to February 3, 2015. If research is to continue, with no substantial changes, beyond that date, a renewal of IRB approval must be obtained prior to continuation of the project (contact OGRD for procedure). If, subsequent to initial approval, a research protocol requires minor changes, the OGRD should be notified of those changes. Any major departures from the original proposal must be approved by the appropriate review process before the protocol may be altered. A Change of Protocol application must be submitted to the IRB for any substantial change in the protocol. The Director, Grant and Research Development, or the Chair of the IRB will determine whether or not the research must then be resubmitted for approval. If you have additional questions please contact me at 359-7039; fax 509- 359-2474; email [email protected]. It would be helpful if you would refer to HS-4428 if there were further correspondence as we file everything under this number. Thank you. cc: R.Galm R.Stolberg A.Wetmore Graduate Office IMPACT OF ORAL HEALTH ON QOL IN THE OLDER ADULT v Abstract Purpose: This study sought to bring awareness to the scientific community of the need for regular dental care in skilled nursing facilities (SNF) by proving access to oral care has an effect on oral health and may have an impact on the SNF residents’ daily performance and Quality of Life (QoL). Methods: This study was conducted at a private SNF in a southern metropolitan area with a sample size of 30 (N=30). The PI and two research assistants conducted interviews and oral exams using a modified 10 item Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) with two free response (QoL) questions, OHI-S, and DMFT indices to collect data. Results: Spearman’s rank coefficient analyzed correlations between OHI-S, DMFT, and OIDP indices and found a significant relationship between the OHI-S and OIDP (p=0.036) implying oral disease from plaque and calculus buildup in the mouth impact daily performance. Furthermore the strongly suggested relationship between the DMFT and OIDP (p=0.054) alludes to the fact the number and condition of the teeth has an impact on how these subjects lived their daily lives. Considering the strongly suggested relationship between the Missing (M) in DMFT scores and the OIDP (p= 0.059), the number of teeth has more potential to impact daily performance than whether the teeth are decayed or filled. Qualitative data analysis found four themes related to the social, psychological, physical, and financial well-being of the subjects and their oral health. Conclusion: Oral health has the potential to impact daily performance resulting in an effect on quality of life. The health care professions are charged with developing health care provider models and collaborative interprofessional health care teams to meet the future needs of aging adults. IMPACT OF ORAL HEALTH ON QOL IN AGING vi Acknowledgements I would like to sincerely thank every faculty member and employee of Eastern Washington who supported me not only during the development of this thesis but throughout my entire Masters journey. This experience has opened my mind and has opened many doors to new careers. First I would like to thank my thesis committee for guiding me through the process of completing this research study. Ann O’Kelley Wetmore. thesis advisor, and my first chair who has guided and pulled me through the entire thesis process including statistical analysis of my final research results. Rebecca Stolberg, my second thesis chair, has taught me so much about the scientific writing style and APA formatting. Kimberly Cleary, my third thesis chair and experienced physical therapy professor, has helped me understand the management of running a study within a skill nursing facility. Second, I would like to thank Clarewood House and all of its employees for their permission and support of my research within their skilled nursing facility. Not only did they allow me to conduct this research, but their employees were supportive and friendly. Dr. Elizabeth Tipton, my statistician, kindly ran my results, and analyzed my statistics. Sarah Keller, Chair, Institutional Review Board for Human Subjects Research, patiently assisted me with clarifications and revisions through the IRB process. Thank you to Emilie Crawford for always making the time to listen and give support when the going got tough. A special thank you, to Dr. and Mrs. Massingill for their confidence and support of my study. Finally, I would like to thank all of my family and friends for their support, especially my mother Mildred Caudle who has been by my side from beginning to end. A big thank you goes to my daughters, Morgan and Sydney Mannen, for putting up with the many disruptions in their lives throughout this process. IMPACT OF ORAL HEALTH ON QOL IN AGING vii Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ vi List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... x List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... xi Introduction/Review of the Literature ................................................................................ 1 Introduction to the Research Question ............................................................................ 1 Definition of Key Terms and Operational Definitions ................................................... 1 Background of Study ...................................................................................................... 3 Overview of Research ..................................................................................................... 4 Related or Theoretical Frameworks and Supporting Research ....................................... 6 Oral systemic connection ............................................................................................ 6 Diabetes....................................................................................................................... 6 The inflammatory response ......................................................................................... 8 The potential for infection ........................................................................................ 10 Nutrition .................................................................................................................... 12 Oral Health. ............................................................................................................... 15 Baby Boomer demographics. ...................................................................................
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