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2018 NOAA Science Report National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S 2018 NOAA Science Report National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA Research Council-001 2018 NOAA Science Report Harry Cikanek, Ned Cyr, Ming Ji, Gary Matlock, Steve Thur NOAA Silver Spring, Maryland February 2019 NATIONAL OCEANIC AND NOAA Research Council noaa ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION 2018 NOAA Science Report Harry Cikanek, Ned Cyr, Ming Ji, Gary Matlock, Steve Thur NOAA Silver Spring, Maryland February 2019 UNITED STATES NATIONAL OCEANIC National Oceanic and DEPARTMENT OF AND ATMOSPHERIC Atmospheric Administration COMMERCE ADMINISTRATION Research Council Wilbur Ross RDML Tim Gallaudet, Ph.D., Craig N. McLean Secretary USN Ret., Acting NOAA NOAA Research Council Chair Administrator Francisco Werner, Ph.D. NOAA Research Council Vice Chair NOTICE This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency or Contractor thereof. Neither the United States Government, nor Contractor, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Mention of a commercial company or product does not constitute an endorsement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Use of information from this publication concerning proprietary products or the tests of such products for publicity or advertising purposes is not authorized. 2018 NOAA Science Report 4 Table of Contents Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................................................8 Introduction: A Snapshot of NOAA’s Research and Engagement ..................................................10 Enriching Life Through Science ........................................................................................................................................................................10 Why NOAA Invests in Research ........................................................................................................................................................................10 The Portfolio Logic Model ......................................................................................................................................................................................11 What Kind of Research NOAA Supports............................................................................................................................... ....................11 Where NOAA Invests in Research ...................................................................................................................................................................12 What Principles Guide NOAA Research ....................................................................................................................................................14 How NOAA Research Transitions into R2X ...........................................................................................................................................16 What is the Budget for NOAA Research ....................................................................................................................................................18 Where Does it Go ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................19 Theme Chapters ........................................................................................................................................................................ 22 Integrated Earth System Processes and Predictions .........................................................................................................................22 New Techniques and Tools to Expand Aquaculture ........................................................................................................... 24 Scientists and Industry Professionals Join Forces to Develop Best Practices for Finfish Aquaculture: The 2nd International Seriola Workshop ......................................................................................................................................25 Stock Assessment for the Main Hawaiian Islands Deep 7 Bottomfish Complex Completed .........26 Hawaiian Islands Cetacean Ecological Assessment Surveys 2017 Completed ..............................................26 Hawaiian Monk Seal Recovery Plan: Completion of the 2017 Report on Population Status and Recovery Interventions ..................................................................................................................................................................................27 New Fisheries Stock Assessment Tool Started in the Pacific Goes Global .......................................................28 West Coast and Alaska Trawl Fisheries Seabird Cable Strike Mitigation Workshop .............................28 First of its Kind Joint Survey Along the OR and WA Coast, Studying the Distribution and Stock Structure of Juvenile Salmon in Late Winter .............................................................................................................................29 Grunts and Knocks: Ship Noise Complicates Fish Mating ............................................................................................29 HYSPLIT Tracks SO2 and Particulate Matter During Kilauea Eruption ...........................................................30 A Revolutionary Global Weather Model ........................................................................................................................................30 Experimental Model Improves Hurricane Intensity Forecasts ................................................................................... 31 Forecasting a Rare Winter Storm in Southeast U.S. .............................................................................................................. 31 Closing the Gap Between Weather and Climate Predictions.......................................................................................32 COASTAL Act Coupled Wave-Surge Model ...............................................................................................................................33 Messaging Consistent NWS Weather Forecasts: The National Blend of Models .......................................33 Slowing Ocean Motion: AMOC Enters Uncharted Territory ......................................................................................34 Ocean Model Collaboration with the U.S. Navy ......................................................................................................................34 EcoCast: A Dynamic Ocean Management Tool to Reduce Bycatch and Support .....................................35 Whales Voices Change With Age, Just Like Ours ..................................................................................................................36 Environmental and Geographic Relationships among Salmon Forage Assemblages along the Continental Shelf of the California Current ...............................................................................................................................36 Great Lakes Ecosystem Classification System ...........................................................................................................................37 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERRS) Provide Science Platform for Coastal Resilience37 2018 NOAA Science Report 5 Environmental Observations and Data ........................................................................................................................................................38 Update to GRAV-D/NSRS Modernization: Use of Innovative Technology to Expand Coverage and Complete the 2022 Gravity-Based Vertical Datum .............................................................................................................40 New Buoy in Chesapeake Bay to Identify Areas Most Vulnerable to Ocean Acidification ..............40 Machine Vision to Collect Timely Fisheries Data .................................................................................................................41 NOAA Uses Unmanned Systems to Enhance Navigation ..............................................................................................41 Saildrone Makes Key Observations in Tropics for Long-Term Weather Forecasts ...................................42 Deep-Sea Benthic Surveys Inform Fishery Management Council Decisions in the Pacific and Gulf of Mexico .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................42 NOAA Concludes the Campaign to Address Pacific monument Science, Technology, and Ocean NEeds (CAPSTONE) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................43 Development of High
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