Social Impact Assessment Reports: • September 2016: Specialist SIA Report for the Proposed Orkney Solar Farm Project and Associated Infrastructure, North West
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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR THE EIA REPORT PROPOSED ORKNEY SOLAR FARM AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE NEAR ORKNEY, NORTH WEST PROVINCE DECEMBER 2016 Prepared for: Genesis Orkney Solar (Pty) Ltd C/o Unit B10, Century Plaza, Heron Cresent, Century City Cape Town 7441 Prepared by: Savannah Environmental Pty Ltd First Floor, Block 2 5 Woodlands Drive Office Park Cnr of Woodlands Drive and Western Service Road Woodmead po box 148, sunninghill, 2157 Tel: +27 (0)11 6563237 Fax: +27 (0)86 684 0547 E-mail: [email protected] www.savannahsa.com PROPOSED ORKNEY SOLAR FARM AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE SIA REPORT DECEMBER 2016 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Genesis Orkney Solar (Pty) Ltd, an Independent Power Producer (IPP), is proposing the establishment of a commercial photovoltaic (PV) solar energy facility (known as the Orkney Solar Farm) on the Remaining Extent of Portion 7 and the Remaining Extent of Portion 21 of the Farm Wolvehuis 114, situated approximately 11.8km to the south west from the town of Orkney and in close proximity to the Vaal River. The land will be leased from Mr. Johannes Meyer. The proposed project will have a generating capacity of up to 100MW. The location of the proposed project falls within the jurisdiction of City of Matlosana Local Municipality (CMLM), which forms part of the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality (DKKDM), North West Province. The Social Impact Assessment (SIA) was undertaken by Pamela Sidambe (author) and Lisa Opperman (contributor) of Savannah Environmental as part of the EIA process. The purpose of the report is to assess the potential social impacts associated with the proposed solar energy facility and to recommend management measures to reduce / avoid the negative social impacts and enhance the positive social impacts associated with the proposed solar energy facility. This report contains the findings of the SIA for the EIA process of the proposed Orkney Solar Farm. Legislation and Guidelines The review of the relevant planning and policy documents was undertaken as a part of the SIA process. The key documents reviewed included: National: » The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act 108 of 1996) » National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 (NEMA) » National Energy Act (2008) » National Development Plan 2030 » National Climate Change Response Green Paper (DEA, 2010) » White Paper on Energy Policy of the Republic of South Africa (1998) » White Paper on Renewable Energy of the Republic of South Africa (2003) » National Integrated Resource Plan South Africa (2010-2030) » Strategic Infrastructure Projects (SIPs) Provincial: » North West Province Spatial Development Framework (SDF) - North West Environmental Management Series 7 (2008) » North West Provincial Growth and Development Strategy (PGDS) (2004- 2014) District and local: » Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality Environmental Management Framework (EMF) (2016) » Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality Integrated Development Plan (IDP) (2012- 2016) ii PROPOSED ORKNEY SOLAR FARM AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE SIA REPORT DECEMBER 2016 » City of Matlosana Local Municipality Integrated Development Plan (2015-2016) Solar Energy Policies: » Solar Energy Technology Roadmap (2013) Baseline Description of the Social Environment The following provides a summary of the key baseline findings as a result of the study conducted in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality (DKKDM) and the City of Matlosana Local Municipality (CMLM), in the North West Province. In summary, the area was found to have the following general characteristics: » The North West Province is predominantly rural with the main economic activities being mining and agriculture. » The DKKDM is the smallest of the four district municipalities in the North West Province. Mining is the dominant economic activity within the district. » The population of the DKKDM in 2011 was approximately 695 933people, of which 398 676 people reside in the CMLM. » The majority of the local population belong to the Black African group and the most spoken language in the CMLM is Tshwana. » Currently the CMLM forms part of a turnaround strategy for the regeneration of the towns within the area, mainly including Stilfontein, Khuma, Orkney and Kanana. This strategy is led by the South African Local Government Association (SALGA) and the Commonwealth Local Government Forum (CLGF) in consultation with the CMLM. The purpose of this strategy and regeneration is to i) promote economic growth through integrated infrastructure development, ii) create empowerment opportunities, iii) create attraction to invest within the area and iv) identify business opportunities and the implementation thereof. » 68.2% of the CMLM population comprise the Economically Active Population (EAP); this implies that there is a larger human resource base for development projects to involve the local population. The dependency ratio of the CMLM population is high at 50.7% (that is half the local population) which puts pressure the EAP and local municipalities. » The skills profile of the area indicates that the availability of local labour for the proposed project is largely limited to low-skilled construction workers and a small number of skilled workers. » Since the early 1990s, but more specifically since 2001, mining activities have downscaled drastically. This downscaling also lead to nearly 75% of the original workforce in 1996 being retrenched by 2011. » The shift of the economy from the downscaling of mining activities have resulted in a large number of jobs losses. » The declining mining industry has resulted in the number of people living in poverty in the City of Matlosana almost doubling between 1996 and 2011. » There is high unemployment rate in the CMLM (32.7%) with a large economically active population seeking employment opportunities. Local workers should be iii PROPOSED ORKNEY SOLAR FARM AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE SIA REPORT DECEMBER 2016 utilised as much as possible for the proposed solar energy facility in order to alleviate local unemployment. » Within the CMLM 62.1% of household income falls within the poverty level; the high poverty level has social consequences such as not being able to afford basic needs and services. » High unemployment and low income levels in the study area demonstrate the need for job creation. » The continuous increase in the number of formal households in the local area will have an upward impact on electricity demand thus requiring greater electrical capacity. » Access to basic services is generally accessible in the CMLM. However old infrastructure is a matter of concern. The old infrastructure systems are in need of drastic upgrades and continuous maintenance, this pressure will only increase, resulting in various challenges. » The negative performance of the mining sector also has some positive spinoff, this being that there is a market to diversify the local economy and move the dependence away from mining and government services. The proposed solar energy facility supports social and economic development through enabling skills development and training in order to empower individuals and promote employment creation within the local area. The development would mainly focus on economic benefits to the area and introduce a relatively new industry into the local economy. Social Impact Assessment The environmental assessment framework for the assessment of impacts and the relevant criteria were applied to evaluate the significance of the potential social impacts. A summary of the potential positive and negative social impacts identified in the SIA for the construction and operation phases of the proposed solar energy facility are presented in Table 1 and Table 2 below. Table 3 presents the cumulative impacts associated with the proposed solar energy facility. Table 1: Summary of social impacts during construction phase CONSTRUCTION PHASE Significance Significance Impact without mitigation/ with mitigation/ enhancement enhancement Positive Impacts Direct employment and skills Medium (33) Medium (44) development Economic multiplier effects Low (27) Medium (44) iv PROPOSED ORKNEY SOLAR FARM AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE SIA REPORT DECEMBER 2016 Negative Impacts Influx of jobseekers Low (21) Low (15) Impacts on daily living and movement Low (21) Low (15) patterns (Traffic & Nuisance Impacts) Safety and security risks Low (14) Low (10) Table 2: Summary of social impacts during operation phase OPERATION PHASE Significance Significance Impact without mitigation/ with mitigation/ enhancement enhancement Positive Impacts Direct employment and skills Low (24) Medium (32) development Development of clean, renewable Medium (40) N/A energy infrastructure Benefits associated with REIPPP socio-economic development plans Low (30) Medium (48) and community trust Negative Impacts Visual and sense of place impacts Low (14) N/A Table 3: Summary of cumulative social impacts CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Overall impact of the Cumulative impact of Cumulative Impact proposed project the project and other considered in isolation projects in the area Positive Cumulative Impacts Cumulative impacts from employment, skills and business Low (27) Medium (39) opportunities Negative Cumulative Impacts Cumulative impacts with large-scale Low (16) Low (20) in-migration of people From a social perspective it is concluded that the project is supported, but that mitigation measures should be implemented and adhered to. Positive and negative social impacts have been identified. The assessment of the key issues indicated