Hidden Mysteries of Peru
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ANDEAN PREHISTORY – Online Course ANTH 396-003 (3 Credits
ANTH 396-003 1 Andean Prehistory Summer 2017 Syllabus ANDEAN PREHISTORY – Online Course ANTH 396-003 (3 credits) – Summer 2017 Meeting Place and Time: Robinson Hall A, Room A410, Tuesdays, 4:30 – 7:10 PM Instructor: Dr. Haagen Klaus Office: Robinson Hall B Room 437A E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: (703) 993-6568 Office Hours: T,R: 1:15- 3PM, or by appointment Web: http://soan.gmu.edu/people/hklaus - Required Textbook: Quilter, Jeffrey (2014). The Ancient Central Andes. Routledge: New York. - Other readings available on Blackboard as PDFs. COURSE OBJECTIVES AND CONTENTS This seminar offers an updated synthesis of the development, achievements, and the material, organizational and ideological features of pre-Hispanic cultures of the Andean region of western South America. Together, they constituted one of the most remarkable series of civilizations of the pre-industrial world. Secondary objectives involve: appreciation of (a) the potential and limitations of the singular Andean environment and how human inhabitants creatively coped with them, (b) economic and political dynamism in the ancient Andes (namely, the coast of Peru, the Cuzco highlands, and the Titicaca Basin), (c) the short and long-term impacts of the Spanish conquest and how they relate to modern-day western South America, and (d) factors and conditions that have affected the nature, priorities, and accomplishments of scientific Andean archaeology. The temporal coverage of the course span some 14,000 years of pre-Hispanic cultural developments, from the earliest hunter-gatherers to the Spanish conquest. The primary spatial coverage of the course roughly coincides with the western half (coast and highlands) of the modern nation of Peru – with special coverage and focus on the north coast of Peru. -
Ultimate Peru: Lima, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, and Lake Titicaca
9 Days/8 Nights Departs Daily from Lima Ultimate Peru: Lima, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, and Lake Titicaca Fascinating Peru – rich in culture, history, and natural beauty – is a country that has so much to offer. Consider this program a good introduction to Peru. It covers Lima, the Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, and Lake Titicaca – all a must-see for any first-time visitor. If you have more time, we highly recommend extending your stay – add an extension to a jungle lodge; see the Nazca Lines; there is much more to see in this country of many contrasts. ACCOMMODATIONS •2 Nights Lima •1 Night Machu Picchu •2 Nights Cuzco •1 Night Sacred Valley with Dinner •2 Nights Puno INCLUSIONS •All Ground Transfers with •Pisac Market & Ollantaytambo •Cuzco City Tour and Ruins Vistadome Train to Machu Ruins Tour with Lunch •Uros and Taquile Islands Tour Picchu & Bus Ticket to Puno •2 Entrances to Machu Picchu & •Daily Breakfast •Lima City Tour 1 Guided Tour with Lunch ARRIVE LIMA: Begin your journey in Lima, Peru’s coastal capital city founded by the Spaniard Pizarro in 1535. Lima, with its historic buildings and museums, offers visitors an introduction to the colonial history of Peru. Airport greeting and transfer to Miraflores (suburb of Lima) to your selected hotel in the Miraflores neighborhood. (Accommodations, Lima) LIMA: After breakfast, you will be picked up for a city tour of Lima. The three-hour sightseeing tour offers the best of modern and colonial Lima. It includes visits to the Government Palace, The Plaza Mayor, City Hall, and the 17th-century San Francisco Monastery, followed by a drive through the modern neighborhood of San Isidro, with a stop at the pre-Inca pyramid of Huaca Huallamarca. -
Viracocha 1 Viracocha
ווירָאקוצֱ'ה http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=37&ved=0COYCEBYwJA&url=http %3A%2F%2Fxa.yimg.com%2Fkq%2Fgroups%2F35127479%2F1278251593%2Fname%2F14_Ollantaytam bo_South_Peru.ppsx&ei=TZQaVK- 1HpavyASW14IY&usg=AFQjCNEHlXgmJslFl2wTClYsRMKzECmYCQ&sig2=rgfzPgv5EqG-IYhL5ZNvDA ויראקוצ'ה http://klasky-csupo.livejournal.com/354414.html https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99 ווירקוצ'ה فيراكوتشا http://www.startimes.com/?t=20560975 Viracocha 1 Viracocha Viracocha Great creator god in Inca mythology Offspring (according to some legends) Inti, Killa, Pachamama This article is about the Andean deity. For other uses, see Wiraqucha (disambiguation). Viracocha is the great creator god in the pre-Inca and Inca mythology in the Andes region of South America. Full name and some spelling alternatives are Wiracocha, Apu Qun Tiqsi Wiraqutra, and Con-Tici (also spelled Kon-Tiki) Viracocha. Viracocha was one of the most important deities in the Inca pantheon and seen as the creator of all things, or the substance from which all things are created, and intimately associated with the sea.[1] Viracocha created the universe, sun, moon, and stars, time (by commanding the sun to move over the sky) and civilization itself. Viracocha was worshipped as god of the sun and of storms. He was represented as wearing the sun for a crown, with thunderbolts in his hands, and tears descending from his eyes as rain. Cosmogony according to Spanish accounts According to a myth recorded by Juan de Betanzos,[2] Viracocha rose from Lake Titicaca (or sometimes the cave of Paqariq Tampu) during the time of darkness to bring forth light. -
Machu Picchu & the Sacred Valley
Machu Picchu & The Sacred Valley — Lima, Cusco, Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley of the Incas — TOUR DETAILS Machu Picchu & Highlights The Sacred Valley • Machu Picchu • Sacred Valley of the Incas • Price: $1,995 USD • Vistadome Train Ride, Andes Mountains • Discounts: • Ollantaytambo • 5% - Returning Volant Customer • Saqsaywaman • Duration: 9 days • Tambomachay • Date: Feb. 19-27, 2018 • Ruins of Moray • Difficulty: Easy • Urumbamba River • Aguas Calientes • Temple of the Sun and Qorikancha Inclusions • Cusco, 16th century Spanish Culture • All internal flights (while on tour) • Lima, Historic Old Town • All scheduled accommodations (2-3 star) • All scheduled meals Exclusions • Transportation throughout tour • International airfare (to and from Lima, Peru) • Airport transfers • Entrance fees to museums and other attractions • Machu Picchu entrance fee not listed in inclusions • Vistadome Train Ride, Peru Rail • Personal items: Laundry, shopping, etc. • Personal guide ITINERARY Machu Picchu & The Sacred Valley - 9 Days / 8 Nights Itinerary - DAY ACTIVITY LOCATION - MEALS Lima, Peru • Arrive: Jorge Chavez International Airport (LIM), Lima, Peru 1 • Transfer to hotel • Miraflores and Pacific coast Dinner Lima, Peru • Tour Lima’s Historic District 2 • San Francisco Monastery & Catacombs, Plaza Mayor, Lima Cathedral, Government Palace Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner Ollyantaytambo, Sacred Valley • Morning flight to Cusco, The Sacred Valley of the Incas 3 • Inca ruins: Saqsaywaman, Rodadero, Puca Pucara, Tambomachay, Pisac • Overnight: Ollantaytambo, Sacred -
SACRED VALLEY SINGLETRACK | MULTI-DAY TOUR Details & Pricing 3 DAYS | TRAIL RATING – DIFFICULT |630 – 895 USD Per Rider
SACRED VALLEY SINGLETRACK | MULTI-DAY TOUR Details & Pricing 3 DAYS | TRAIL RATING – DIFFICULT |630 – 895 USD per rider HIGHLIGHTS_ DAY 1 Best of Lamay DAY 2 Huchuy Qosqo Inca DAY 3 Patacancha Enduro ✓ Start a ride at 14,375 ft Lamay is one of the sleepiest Fort Pack your pedaling legs. A flowy and often rocky Enduro ✓ 22,600 ft of descents towns in the Sacred Valley, yet Today’s ride features a 2,000 ft racecourse that descends from ✓ 57 miles of singletrack home to the rowdiest rides in climb to our summit! Ride to an the heights of the Patacancha ✓ Ancient 800-year-old trails all of South America! Shuttle immense fortress with the best Valley to the Inca town of ✓ Peru’s world-class food and ride 3 unreal singletracks views of The Sacred Valley. Ollantaytambo. Please brake and culture and finish the day in the guinea Enjoy barbecue and brews back for alpacas! Finish the day at ✓ Good times with a fun- pig capitol of the world! (Night: at the lodge. (Night: The Sacred our favorite local brewery. loving team of guides The Sacred Valley) Valley) (Night: Lodging Not Included) ✓ Charming lodging in The Dist: 26.0 mi 1,120 ft Dist: 13.5 mi 3,812 ft Dist: 17.8 mi 1,168 ft Sacred Valley 9,830 ft Max: 13,985 ft 6,719 ft Max: 14,160 ft 6,042 ft Max. 14,375 ft www.perubiking.com WHAT’S INCLUDED PRICING ✓ 2017 YT CAPRA AL Enduro Mountain Bike Rental All Multi-Day Rides are organized in private groups to assure ✓ Helmet, Knee & Elbow Pads, and Gloves the best experience for riders. -
Brightsparktravel.Com SAMPLE ITINERARY ®
INSPIRING STUDENT TRAVEL ® PERU Journey to the land of the Incas. Savor world-famous cuisine while exploring the capital city of Lima, Cusco and the Sacred Valley, the salt mines at Maras, and the iconic Machu Picchu. You might even get a llama to pose for a photo! Why Brightspark? Quality, Custom Tours Our programs are designed for you, by you. From STEM-based Safety And Security DC tours to performance trips to some of our country’s top music We regularly conduct strict audits of our vendors, ensuring they cities, we have a destination for every budget and every passion. act in accordance with safety, security, and quality standards. Industry Experience Our Tour Directors With over 50 years of experience providing custom tours, You deserve the best, so we only use experienced and Brightspark is a leader in student travel. enthusiastic Tour Directors who are experts on their destinations. Travel Protection & Incident Coverage With our 24/7 emergency hotline and comprehensive travel insurance options, we’ve got you covered at home and abroad. brightsparktravel.com SAMPLE ITINERARY ® PERU Day 1: Board your flight to Perú. Day 5: Ollantaytambo • Meet your Tour Director at Jorge Chávez International Airport. • Embark upon a guided tour of Ollantaytambo, an Andean • Board your private motor coach and settle into your hotel. village in the Sacred Valley and the gateway to the Antisuyo, the Amazon section of the Inca Empire. The town retains its original Day 2: Lima Inca street layout. Visit the ruins of the fortress, one of the only • Meet your guide for a walking tour of the Peruvian capital. -
Valle SAGRADO + Maras
Valle SAGRADO + Maras We pick you up from Proyecto Peru school between 6:40 a.m. to 7:00 a.m., and we'll start our tour to the Sacred Valley and Moray in Cusco from Peru. With this full day tour, you will have the great chance to visit the Sacred Valley in its entirety, starting with the beautiful colonial Inca town of Chinchero (3762 m) and enjoy the beautiful view of the Inca and Colonial legacies that are still standing in this town. In addition, you can appreciate the artistic textile in the hands of the people dedicated to this activity. It has a spectacular view that would surprise anyone, leaving you very interesting memories. Then we go to the archaeological complex of Moray, located in the district of Maras (3300 m), in this place you can appreciate the most impressive and unique Inca agricultural laboratory: here it is where the Incas were able to experience the different geographical altitudes for agricultural use in just one place. The history of this place in Maras Moray is breathtaking and the view is epic. Also, we will visit the salt mines, a beautiful place where we find a set of approximately 3000 wells that residents use and benefit from them; You will not regret the beautiful view that awaits you at this place. Remember to take photos of Moray! Our next stop will be Urubamba (2871 masl) where we will enjoy a delicious buffet lunch at our restaurant "Illary" and we will get ready to continue our tour. Then we go to the Inca town of Ollantaytambo (2792 masl), called "Inca Living City" for being the only city in Cusco which is still inhabited; in addition to being surprised by the striking beauty of the archaeological complex you will be impressed with the extraordinary Inca urban planning that is still standing and inhabited by the present population, the streets of Ollantaytambo will make you fall in love. -
PERU – PRIVATE ADVENTURE Central & South America | Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cusco
PERU – PRIVATE ADVENTURE Central & South America | Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cusco Peru – Private Adventure CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA | Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cusco Season: 2022 7 DAYS 15 MEALS 18 SITES Explore the ruins of the ancient Inca civilization to get a firsthand glimpse of their art, celebrations and traditions. Accompanied by your Private Adventure Guide, see the glorious Machu Picchu, and be surrounded by natural beauty throughout a vibrant, festive Private Adventure to Peru. PERU – PRIVATE ADVENTURE Central & South America | Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cusco Trip Overview 7 DAYS / 6 NIGHTS ACCOMMODATIONS 3 LOCATIONS Tambo del Inka, a Luxury Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Collection Resort & Spa, Valle Cusco Sagrado Inkaterra Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel Palacio del Inka Hotel, a Luxury Collection Hotel, Cusco AGES FLIGHT INFORMATION 15 MEALS Minimum Age: 6 Arrive: Cusco International 6 Breakfasts, 5 Lunches, 4 Airport (CUZ) Dinners Return: Cusco International Airport (CUZ) PERU – PRIVATE ADVENTURE Central & South America | Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, Cusco DAY 1 SACRED VALLEY Activities Highlights: Lunch and Dinner Included Arrive in Cusco, Weaving Demonstration at the Center for Traditional Tambo del Inka, a Luxury Textiles of Cusco, Private Incan Ceremony, Welcome Dinner Collection Resort & Spa, Valle Sagrado Arrive at the Cusco International Airport Upon exiting customs, you will be met by an Adventures by Disney representative who will escort you to your transportation vehicle. Relax as the driver assists with your luggage and drives you to your first Peruvian experience. Catered Private Lunch at The Center for Traditional Textiles of Cusco Travel to The Center for Traditional Textiles in Chinchero, where you’ll enjoy a delicious spread of traditional Peruvian dishes in the great outdoors. -
Mathematics and Architecture of the Incas in Peru
AC 2011-2240: MATHEMATICS AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE INCAS IN PERU Cheri Shakiban, University of St. Thomas I am a professor of mathematics at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota, where I have been a faculty member since 1983. I received my Ph.D. in 1979 from Brown University in Formal Cal- culus of Variations. My recent area of research is mostly in computer vision, with applications to object recognition. My publications are in diverse areas of mathematics and engineering. I love to work with undergraduate students, in particular, underrepresented students, to get them involved in doing research in mathematics and encourage them to give conference presentations/posters and submit their work for publication. In addition to teaching regular math courses, I also like to create and teach innovative courses such as ”Mathematical symmetry of Southern Spain” and ”Mathematics and Architecture of the Incas in Peru”, which I have taught as study abroad courses several times. Michael P. Hennessey, University of St. Thomas Michael P. Hennessey (Mike) joined the full-time faculty as an Assistant Professor fall semester 2000. He is an expert in machine design, computer-aided-engineering, and in the kinematics, dynamics, and control of mechanical systems, along with related areas of applied mathematics. Presently, he has published 41 technical papers (published or accepted), in journals (9), conferences (31), or magazines (1). In 2006 he was tenured and promoted to the rank of Associate Professor. Mike gained 10 years of industrial and academic research lab experience at 3M, FMC, and the University of Minnesota prior to embarking on an academic career at Rochester Institute of Technology (3 years) and Minnesota State University, Mankato (2 years). -
CALLAO, PERU Onboard: 1800 Saturday November 26
Arrive: 0800 Tuesday November 22 CALLAO, PERU Onboard: 1800 Saturday November 26 Brief Overview: A traveler’s paradise, the warm arms of Peru envelope some of the world’s most timeless traditions and greatest ancient treasures! From its immense biodiversity, the breathtaking beauty of the Andes Mountains (the longest in the world!) and the Sacred Valley, to relics of the Incan Empire, like Machu Picchu, and the rich cultural diversity that populates the country today – Peru has an experience for everyone. Located in the Lima Metropolitan Area, the port of Callao is just a stone’s throw away from the dazzling sights and sounds of Peru’s capital and largest city, Lima. With its colorful buildings teeming with colonial architecture and verdant coastline cliffs, this vibrant city makes for a home-away-from-home during your port stay in Peru. Nearby: Explore Lima’s most iconic neighborhoods - Miraflores and Barranco – by foot, bike (PER 104-201 Biking Lima), and even Segway (PER 121-101 Lima by Segway). Be sure to hit up one of the local markets (PER 114-201 Culinary Lima) and try out Peruvian fare – you can’t go wrong with picarones (fried pumpkin dough with anis seeds and honey - pictured above), cuy (guinea pig), or huge ears of roast corn! Worth the travel: Cusco, the former capital of Incan civilization, is a short flight from Lima. From this ancient city, you can access a multitude of Andean wonders. Explore the ruins of the famed Machu Picchu, the city of Ollantaytambo – which still thrives to this day, Lake Titcaca and its many islands, and the culture of the Quechua people. -
PERU UNIQUE EXPERIENCE 2020 8 Days - 7 Nights Country : PERU Category : Boutique - Deluxe Accommodation : Hotel
CUSCO & INCA TREK PERU PERU UNIQUE EXPERIENCE 2020 8 days - 7 nights Country : PERU Category : Boutique - Deluxe Accommodation : Hotel Day 1: ARRIVAL IN CUSCO Type of Transport Specification Departure Arrival Baggage Weight per Alowance Luggage Flight: Lima - Cusco Suggested time: Morning On arrival to Cusco city, you will be met by one of our representative and transferred to your hotel. *We do recommend to rest this day to get acclimatized to the altitude. Hotel : La Casona Inkaterra Category : Suite Patio Altitude : 3,399 m.a.s.l. / 11,152 ft. Average Temperature : 15°C / 59°F Day 2: CUSCO This morning, you will be picked up from your hotel, and you will visit the surrounding ruins of the city of Cusco: Sacsayhuaman, this huge Inca fortress is built on three overlapping platforms. Then, visit Cusco's Historical Inca and Spanish Colonial Monuments, such as the Main Square, known in Inca times as Huacaypata or the Warrior's Square; it was the scene for many key events in Cusco's history. Continue onto the Church and Convent of Santo Domingo, a Spanish construction belonging to the Dominican Order built upon the foundations of the Inca temple of Koricancha or Temple of the Sun. Koricancha (in Quechua, site of gold) was the main religious building of the Incas dedicated to the worship of the Sun and whose walls, according to the chroniclers, were plated with sheets of gold. Magnificent blocks of finely carved stone were used in its construction. We will visit the San Pedro Market to admire the day-to-day activities of the locals. -
Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu & Cusco
TRIPTOPERUFORTWO RAFFLE 7 days, 6 nights Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu & Cusco Authentic Cultural Immersion Private, hand tailored trip for two exclusive for Kusi Kawsay supporters RAFFLE TRIP TO PERU FOR TWO Authentic Cultural Immersion 7 days / 6 nights www.peruculturaljourneys.com Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu & Cusco This private, hand tailored trip for two, exclusively for Kusi Kawsay supporters is sponsored by Peruvian businesses in support of Kusi Kawsay Andean School. Sponsored by local Peruvian businesses in support of Kusi Kawsay Andean School Inkareisen • Peru Cultural Journeys • Pisac Inn • Inkaterra Hotels • MIL • Cicciolina • Mayu Cafe • Chicha • Chuncho • Pakakuna Posada Gourmet • Cusco Plaza Hotel • Unucha Spa • Cuchara de Palo restaurant • Kusi Kawsay Association • Amaru Community • Indigimedia DAY ONE Sacsayhuaman, Kenko & Tambomachay Take a spectacular morning flight to Cusco in the heart of the Andes and be greeted at the airport to begin your exclusive journey. Enjoy a 15-minute scenic drive to explore pre-Columbian sites outside of Cusco, including the sacred spring of Tambomachay, the lunar and solar observatories of Kenko, and megalithic Sacsayhuaman with zigzag walls built with some of the largest stones to be found in Incan masonry. Be captivated by Andean astronomy and sacred geometry, the foundation of Andean culture. Enjoy a picnic lunch by Mayu Café, and continue on a scenic drive to the Sacred Valley of the Incas, a stunning experience with snow-topped peaks, mountainsides delineated by Inca terraces, and cornfields that cover the valley floor. Settle into your room at the small and charming Pisac Inn and then gather for a welcome Pisco sour before dinner at the Inn’s renowned restaurant, Cuchara de Palo, celebrating the wealth of Peruvian cuisine.