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Chromium Incident Management

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Chromium Incident Management Chromium Incident management Key Points Fire Chromium (VI) compounds: Flammable or may cause fire on contact with combustible material Powerful oxidisers. Reacts with reducing agents to form chromium (III) Chromium (III) compounds: Some chromate and chromium (III) compounds emit toxic fumes when heated Health Chromium (VI) compounds: Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin contact Ingestion may cause abdominal pain, haematemesis and bloody diarrhoea with circulatory collapse, and delayed onset of renal failure (12-24 hours after exposure), thrombocytopaenia and anaemia (after 3-7 days), liver failure, convulsions, coma and necrosis of the GI tract mucosal surfaces Inhalation may cause irritation of the respiratory tract, cough, chest pain, chronic rhinitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, lesions of the nasal mucosa and nasal septum perforation. Bronchial asthma and pulmonary oedema may occur up to 72 hours after exposure Dermal exposure may result in irritation and burns Ocular exposure causes pain, blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, palpebral oedema and photophobic Chromium (III) compounds: Low absorption, and relatively low toxicity Inhalation may cause pulmonary fibrosis and bronchial asthma Ocular exposure may cause a stinging and burning sensation with lacrimation Environment Dangerous for the Environment Inform Environment Agency of substantial release incidents CRCE HQ, HPA 03/2012 Version 2 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Hazard Identification Standard (UK) Dangerous Goods Emergency Action Codes(a) UN 1439 Ammonium dichromate Use coarse water spray. Wear normal fire clothing in combination with breathing apparatus*. Spillages and EAC 1Y decontamination run-off should be prevented from entering drains and watercourses. Danger that the substance can be violently or explosively reactive. APP - Class 5.1 Oxidising substance Hazards Sub - risks HIN 50 Oxidising (fire-intensifying) effect UN 1463 Chromium trioxide (anhydrous) Use coarse water spray. Wear liquid-tight chemical protective suit in combination with breathing apparatus**. Spillages and EAC 1W decontamination run-off should be prevented from entering drains and watercourses. Danger that the substance can be violently or explosively reactive. APP - Class 5.1 Oxidising substance Hazards Sub 6.1 Toxic substance risks a Dangerous Goods Emergency Action Code List 2011. National Chemical Emergency Centre (NCEC). The Stationary Office, London. Incident management: Page 2 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT 8 Corrosive substance HIN 568 Oxidising (fire-intensifying), toxic, corrosive UN 1755 Chromic acid solution Use fine water spray. Wear liquid-tight chemical protective 2X suit in combination with breathing apparatus**. Spillages and EAC decontamination run-off should be prevented from entering drains and watercourses. APP - Class 8 Corrosive substance Hazards Sub - risks HIN 80 Corrosive or slightly corrosive substance UN 2720 Chromium (III) nitrate Use coarse water spray. Wear normal fire clothing in 1Z combination with breathing apparatus*. Spillages and EAC decontamination run-off should be prevented from entering drains and watercourses. APP - Class 5.1 Oxidising substance Hazards Sub - risks HIN 50 Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) effect UN – United Nations number; EAC – Emergency Action Code; APP – Additional Personal Protection; HIN - Hazard Identification Number Incident management: Page 3 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT * Normal fire fighting clothing i.e. fire kit (BS EN 469), gloves (BS EN 659) and boots (HO specification A29 and A30) in addition to self-contained open circuit positive pressure compressed air breathing apparatus (BS EN 137). ** Liquid-tight chemical protective clothing (BS 8428 or EN 14605) in combination with self- contained open circuit positive pressure compressed air breathing apparatus (BS EN 137). Incident management: Page 4 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Chemical Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply Classification(a) Chromium (VI) compounds, with the exception of barium chromate Carc. Cat. 2 Category 2 carcinogen Classification N Dangerous for the Environment R49 May cause cancer by inhalation Risk phrases R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact Very toxic to aquatic organisms, and may cause long-term R50/53 adverse effects in the aquatic environment S53 Avoid exposure. Obtain special instructions before use In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice S45 immediately (show the label where possible) Safety phrases This material and its container must be disposed of as S60 hazardous waste Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special S61 instructions/safety data sheet a Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures- Table 3.2. http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/index.php?PGM=cla (accessed 03/2012) Incident management: Page 5 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Chromium (VI) trioxide O Oxidising Carc. Cat. Category 1 carcinogen 1 Muta. Cat. Category 2 mutagen 2 Repr. Cat. Category 3 reproductive toxin 3 Classification T+ Very toxic T Toxic C Corrosive N Dangerous for the Environment Incident management: Page 6 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT R45 May cause cancer R46 May cause heritable genetic damage R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin, toxic if swallowed R26 Very toxic by inhalation R35 Causes severe burns Risk phrases May cause sensitisation by inhalation, may cause R42/43 sensitisation by skin contact Toxic by inhalation, danger of serious damage to health by R48/23 prolonged exposure R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility Very toxic to aquatic organisms, and may cause long-term R50/53 adverse effects in the aquatic environment S53 Avoid exposure. Obtain special instructions before use In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice S45 immediately (show the label where possible) Safety phrases This material and its container must be disposed of as S60 hazardous waste Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special S61 instructions/safety data sheet Specific concentration limits Concentration Classification C ≥ 10% C; R35 5 % ≤ C < 10 % C; R34 1 % ≤ C < 5 % Xi; R36/37/38 Incident management: Page 7 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Dichromium tris(chromate); chromium III chromate; chromic chromate O Oxidising Carc. Cat. Category 2 carcinogen 2 Classification C Corrosive N Dangerous for the Environment R45 May cause cancer R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire Risk phrases R35 Causes severe burns R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact Very toxic to aquatic organisms, and may cause long-term R50/53 adverse effects in the aquatic environment S53 Avoid exposure. Obtain special instructions before use In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice S45 immediately (show the label where possible) Safety phrases This material and its container must be disposed of as S60 hazardous waste Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special S61 instructions/safety data sheet Incident management: Page 8 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals ) (GHS)(a Chromium (VI) compounds, with the exception of barium chromate Carc. 1B Carcinogenicity, category 1B Skin Sens. 1 Skin Sensitizer Hazard Class and Category Aquatic Acute hazard to the aquatic environment, Acute 1 category 1 Aquatic Chronic hazard to the aquatic Chronic 1 environment, category 1 H350i May cause cancer by inhalation Hazard H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction Statement H400 Very toxic to aquatic life H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Signal Words DANGER a Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures- Table 3.1. http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/index.php?PGM=cla (accessed 03/2012) Incident management: Page 9 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Chromium (VI) trioxide Ox. Sol. 1 Oxidising solid, category 1 Carc. 1A Carcinogenicity, category 1A Muta. 1B Germ cell mutagenicity, category 1B Hazard Class Repr. 2 Toxic to reproduction, category 2 and Category Acute Tox. 2 Acute toxicity (inhalation), category 2 Acute Tox. 3 Acute toxicity (oral, dermal), category 3 Specific target organ systemic toxicity STOT RE 1 following repeated exposure, category 1 Incident management: Page 10 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Skin Corr. Skin corrosion, category 1A 1A Resp. Sens. Respiratory sensitizer, category 1 1 Skin Sens. 1 Skin sensitizer, category 1 Aquatic Acute hazard to the aquatic environment, Acute 1 category 1 Aquatic Chronic hazard to the aquatic Chronic 1 environment, category 1 H271 May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidiser H350 May cause cancer H340 May cause genetic defects H361f Suspected of damaging fertility H330 Fatal if inhaled H311 Toxic in contact with skin Hazard Statement H301 Toxic if swallowed Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated H372 exposure H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing H334 difficulties if inhaled H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H400 Very toxic to aquatic life Incident management: Page 11 of 21 CHROMIUM – INCIDENT MANAGEMENT H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Signal Words DANGER Specific concentration limits Hazard Class Concentration Hazard Statement and Category C ≥ 1 % STOT SE 3 H335 May cause respiratory irritation Dichromium tris(chromate); chromium III chromate;
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