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Untrammeled WILDERNESS

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Untrammeled WILDERNESS Untrammeled WILDERNESS KEVIN PROESCHOLDT ?hkfZgrFbgg^lhmZglZg]hma^klZ\khllma^\hngmkr%Zoblbmmhhg^h_hnkgZmbhgÍl]^lb`& gZm^]pbe]^kg^llZk^ZlblZab`aeb`amh_ma^r^Zk'Ma^;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^:k^ZPbe]^kg^ll !;P<:P"bgghkma^Zlm^kgFbgg^lhmZaZl[^^gma^gZmbhgÍlfhlmihineZkZg]fhlmoblbm^] ik^l^ko^_hk]^\Z]^l'Fbgg^lhmZZelhaZlmphe^ll^k&dghpg_^]^kZepbe]^kg^llZk^Zl3ma^:`Zl& lbsPbe]^kg^llg^ZkMab^_Kbo^k?Zeel%Zg]ma^MZfZkZ\Pbe]^kg^ll[r=^mkhbmEZd^l'Pabe^ ^__hkmlmh]^lb`gZm^Zk^Zlebd^ma^;P<:PZlpbe]^kg^llaZo^k^\^bo^]fn\ain[eb\Zmm^gmbhg% ma^lmhkrh_hg`hbg`lm^pZk]labiZg]ikhm^\mbhgblh_m^gg^`e^\m^]'* Ma^phk]ngmkZff^e^]blma^d^r]^l\kbimhkbgma^Pbe& fhk^maZg0))Zk^ZlZg]*)0fbeebhgZ\k^l':eeh_ma^l^ ]^kg^ll:\mh_*2/-maZm]^lb`gZm^]Zg]ikhm^\mlpbe]^k& Zk^ZlZk^`ho^kg^][rma^*2/-eZpZg]bmlfZg]Zm^mh g^llZk^ZlZ\khllma^\hngmkr%bg\en]bg`paZmblghpdghpg ikhm^\mma^\aZkZ\m^kh_ngmkZff^e^]pbe]^kg^ll' Zlma^;P<:P'Bgi^kaZilma^fhlmih^mb\iZllZ`^bgZgr _^]^kZelmZmnm^%mableZp^ehjn^gmer]^Ög^]Zpbe]^kg^ll ZlÊZgZk^Zpa^k^ma^^ZkmaZg]bml\hffngbmrh_eb_^Zk^ AhpZk]SZagbl^k%pahl^ko^]Zl^q^\nmbo^l^\k^mZkr ngmkZff^e^][rfZg%pa^k^fZgabfl^e_blZoblbmhkpah h_ma^Pbe]^kg^llLh\b^mr_khf*2-.mh*2/-%eZk`^er ]h^lghmk^fZbg'Ë=^libm^k^\^gmablmhkb\Zek^l^Zk\a%ma^ pkhm^ma^Pbe]^kg^ll:\mZg]inkihl^er\ahl^ma^phk] _neef^Zgbg`Zg]lhf^h_ma^bglibkZmbhg_hk\ahhlbg`mabl ngmkZff^e^]'Ma^l\aheZkerÊSZagb^%ËZlabl_kb^g]l mhn\almhg^phk]k^fZbgebmme^dghpghkng]^klmhh]'+ \Zee^]abf%eho^][hhdlZg]ebm^kZmnk^%mahn`am]^^ier Ma^*2/-Z\m%bgZ]]bmbhgmh]^Ögbg`pbe]^kg^ll Z[hnmpbe]^kg^lloZen^l%Zg]pZlZd^^gphk]lfbmabg Zk^ZlZg]fZg]Zmbg`ma^bkikhm^\mbhg%Zelh^lmZ[ebla^] ablhpgkb`am'A^^]bm^]ma^hk`ZgbsZmbhgÍlfZ`Zsbg^%Ma^ ma^GZmbhgZePbe]^kg^llIk^l^koZmbhgLrlm^f'BgbmbZeer Ebobg`Pbe]^kg^ll%Zg]pkhm^Zfhgmaer\henfg_hkZe& mabllrlm^f^g\hfiZll^].-Zk^ZlZ\khllma^gZmbhgÉ fhlmZjnZkm^k&\^gmnkrbgGZmnk^FZ`Zsbg^'- ZeefZgZ`^][rma^N'L'?hk^lmL^kob\^ÉmaZmmhmZe^]2'* fbeebhgZ\k^l'Ma^fbeebhg&Z\k^;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^ :k^Z%ZlbmpZlma^g\Zee^]%Z\\hngm^]_hkhg^&gbgmah_ma^ D^obgIkh^l\ahe]m%Pbe]^kg^llZg]In[eb\EZg]l=bk^\mhk_hk lrlm^f',Mh]Zr%--r^ZkleZm^k%ma^GZmbhgZePbe]^kg^ll ma^BsZZdPZemhgE^Z`n^h_:f^kb\Z%Zelhl^ko^lZl[hZk]ik^l& Ik^l^koZmbhgLrlm^faZl`khpg]kZfZmb\Zeermh\ho^k b]^gmh_Pbe]^kg^llPZm\a':_hkf^k;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^ :k^ZPbe]^kg^ll`nb]^%a^a^ei^]iZllma^*201;P<:Pbe]^k& g^ll:\mZg]blma^e^Z]Znmahkh_Mkhn[e^]PZm^kl3Ma^?b`am E^_m3K^]ibg^l%EZ\EZ<khbq% _hkma^;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^:k^ZPbe]^kg^ll!*22."' ;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^:k^ZPbe]^kg^ll 115 SZagbl^kZelhoblbm^]pbe]^kg^llZk^Zlabfl^e_%lhf^ ghk]b]ma^phk]ngmkZff^e^]Zii^Zk'BmpZlZelhZ[l^gm makhn`aablphkdZg]hma^klpbmaabl_Zfber'A^[hn`am _khfZFZk\a*2o^klbhg%[nmSZagbl^kaZ]l^mme^]hgng& Z\Z[bgbgG^pRhkdÍl:]bkhg]Z\dFhngmZbgl%pab\a[^& mkZff^e^][rFZr*.%Zl^ob]^g\^][rZfbf^h`kZia^]% \Zf^abl_ZfberÍlk^mk^ZmZg][Zl^_hkfZgrpbe]^kg^ll mri^]]kZ_mh_ma^[beepbmamaZm]Zm^'. Z]o^gmnk^l':liZkmh_ablphkd%SZagbl^kmkZo^e^]bgln\a NgmkZff^e^]pZlk^mZbg^]bgma^pbe]^kg^ll[beebg& Zk^ZlZlma^;b`AhkgFhngmZbglZg]Pbg]Kbo^kFhng& mkh]n\^][rL^gZmhkAn[^kmA'Anfiak^rZlL'-)*,hg mZbglbgPrhfbg`%ma^@beZPbe]^kg^llbgG^pF^qb\h% Cng^0%*2./'/BgmablÖklm_hkfZe[bee%SZagbl^k\kZ_m^] =^gZebGZmbhgZeIZkdbg:eZldZ%Zg]ma^Jn^mb\h&Lni^kbhk mabl]^Ögbmbhg3Ê:pbe]^kg^ll%bg\hgmkZlmpbmamahl^Zk^Zl k^`bhgh_Fbgg^lhmZZg]HgmZkbh' pa^k^fZgZg]ablhpgphkdl]hfbgZm^ma^eZg]l\Zi^% Mphh_SZagbl^kÍl\ehl^_kb^g]lZg]\hgÖ]Zgmlp^k^ bla^k^[rk^\h`gbs^]ZlZgZk^Zpa^k^ma^^ZkmaZg]bml Fbgg^lhmZ\hgl^koZmbhgblml>kg^lm<'H[^kahems^kZg] \hffngbmrh_eb_^Zk^ngmkZff^e^][rfZg%pa^k^fZg Lb`nk]?'Helhg'H[^kahems^kaZ]l^ko^]Zlhg^h_ma^ abfl^e_blZf^f[^kh_ma^gZmnkZe\hffngbmrpahoblbml ^b`am_hng]^klh_ma^Pbe]^kg^llLh\b^mrbg*2,.Zg]k^& [nm]h^lghmk^fZbgZg]pahl^mkZo^ele^Zo^hgermkZbel'Ë fZbg^]hgma^hk`ZgbsZmbhgÍl`ho^kgbg`\hng\bemakhn`a& Mabl]^Ögbmbhg%pbmahgerfbghkZem^kZmbhglmhma^eZlm hnmSZagbl^kÍlm^gnk^ma^k^'Helhgchbg^]ma^\hng\be \eZnl^%phne]lnkobo^^b`amehg`r^Zklh_a^Zkbg`lZg]// bg*2./Zg]%ebd^H[^kahems^k%l^ko^]ma^k^makhn`ahnm k^pkbm^lngmbeÖgZeiZllZ`^bg*2/-' ma^^b`am&r^Zklmkn``e^mhiZllma^Pbe]^kg^ll:\m';hma Fbgg^lhmZglikhob]^]Z]ob\^Zg]\hngl^emhSZagbl^k makhn`ahnmma^e^g`mare^`bleZmbo^ikh\^ll' >o^gZmma^mbf^%ngmkZff^e^]pZlZl^e]hf&nl^] SZagbl^k]kZ_m^]ma^Öklmo^klbhgh_ma^[beebg?^[kn& phk]'Lhf^i^hie^bg\hkk^\merZllnf^]maZmbmf^Zgm Zkr*2./%pkbmbg`bgehg`aZg]hgZkne^]iZ]h_iZi^k'Bg ÊngmkZfie^]'Ë<hee^Z`n^lmkb^]mhmZedSZagbl^khnmh_ mablÖklmkhn`a]kZ_ma^]b]ghm]^Ög^pbe]^kg^llZk^Zl% nlbg`ln\aZgZk\Zg^phk]';nmngmkZff^e^]ikhob]^] Pbe]^kg^llZ]oh\Zm^AhpZk]SZagbl^k%Z[hnm*2/)%Zg] !kb`am"bg×n^gmbZe\hgl^koZmbhgblm>kg^lmH[^kahems^k%Z[hnm*2-+ 116 Minnesota History An untrammeled wilderness, for example, al- ORZVIRUFHVOLNHQDWXUDOÀUHVWRSOD\RXWWKHLU HFRORJLFDODQGHYROXWLRQDU\UROHZLWKRXWKXPDQ DWWHPSWVWRVXSSUHVVWKHP ?h``rfhkgbg`hg<khhd^]EZd^%;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^:k^ZPbe]^kg^ll ma^ik^\bl^]^ÖgbmbhgSZagbl^kpZgm^]_hkpbe]^kg^ll gbl^kZml^o^kZe]b__^k^gmihbgmlbgma^ikh\^ll%Zl]b] Zg]pbe]^kg^ll\aZkZ\m^k':mkZff^eblZg^m_hk\Zm\a& hma^k\hgÖ]Zgml':mZCng^*2.0f^^mbg`h_ma^Pbe]^k& bg`Öla%_hk^qZfie^%hkZah[[e^_hk\hgÖgbg`ahkl^l' g^llLh\b^mrÍl^q^\nmbo^\hffbmm^^%_hk^qZfie^%Helhg NgmkZff^e^]%ma^g%f^Zglng\hgÖg^]%ng\hgmkhee^]% ln``^lm^]Zgnf[^kh_\aZg`^lmhma^pbe]^kg^lle^`bleZ& ngk^lmkZbg^]%hkngfZgbineZm^]É^qZ\merma^\hgghmZ& mbhg%bg\en]bg`^ebfbgZmbg`ma^[beeÍlikhihl^]Pbe]^kg^ll mbhglSZagbl^klhn`am'Pbe]^kg^llZk^Zlphne]k^fZbg <hng\be'Bg^]bmbg`ZCner++%*2.0%]kZ_mh_ma^[bee%Helhg ngmkZff^e^][ranfZgl%Zeehpbg`^\heh`b\ZeZg]^ohen& \khll^]hnmngmkZff^e^]Zg]pkhm^bgÊng]blmnk[^][r mbhgZkr_hk\^lmhhi^kZm^pbmahnmk^lmkZbgm%fh]bÖ\Zmbhg% fZg%Ëghmbg`maZmmablpZl?hk^lmL^kob\^eZg`nZ`^ln`& hkfZgbineZmbhg'NgmkZff^e^]ZelhfZm\a^]ma^^mrfh& `^lm^]]nkbg`ma^Cng^*2.0L^gZm^a^Zkbg`';nmSZa& eh`b\Zehkb`bgh_ma^phk]pbe]^kg^ll3ebm^kZeer%Êl^e_&pbee^] gbl^k\eng`m^gZ\bhnlermhabl^ehjn^gm]^l\kbimbhgZg] eZg]ËhkÊieZ\^h_pbe][^Zlml%ËbgHe]>g`ebla'0 ablphk]%Zg]HelhgZiiZk^gmer]^_^kk^]mhabl\ahb\^'2 SZagbl^k^qieZbg^]ma^bgm^g]^]f^Zgbg`h_abl\ah& SZagbl^k^qieZbg^]ablkZmbhgZe^mphr^ZkleZm^kmhZ l^gZ]c^\mbo^bgZ*2.0li^^\a3ÊP^]^l\kb[^ZgZk^ZZl \hee^Z`n^_khfma^GZmbhgZeIZkdl:llh\bZmbhgpahZelh pbe]^kg^ll[^\Znl^h_Z\aZkZ\m^kbmaZlÉghm[^\Znl^ ln``^lm^]maZma^ln[lmbmnm^ma^phk]ng]blmnk[^]3ÊMa^ h_ZiZkmb\neZknl^maZmbml^ko^l':pbe]^kg^llblZgZk^Z b]^Zpbmabgma^phk]ÌNgmkZff^e^]Íh_'''ghm[^bg` pa^k^ma^^ZkmaZg]bml\hffngbmrh_eb_^Zk^ngmkZf& ln[c^\m^]mhanfZg\hgmkhelZg]fZgbineZmbhglmaZm f^e^][rfZg'!NgmkZff^e^]ÉghmngmkZfie^]É aZfi^kma^_k^^ieZrh_gZmnkZe_hk\^lblma^]blmbg\mbo^ ngmkZff^e^]%f^Zgbg`_k^^%ng[hng]%ngaZfi^k^]% hg^maZml^^flmhfZd^mablphk]ma^fhlmlnbmZ[e^hg^ ng\a^\d^]%aZobg`ma^_k^^]hfh_ma^pbe]^kg^ll'"Ë1 _hkbmlinkihl^pbmabgma^Pbe]^kg^ll;bee'Ë*)Bmphne] Lb`nk]Helhgikhob]^]^]bmhkbZeln``^lmbhglmhSZa& Zelhikhob]^`nb]Zg\^_hkng]^klmZg]bg`ma^Z\mÍlk^_^k& Fall 2008 117 Pbg]hp\Zk]%Z[hnm*2-2 118 Minnesota History Ablmhkb\fhf^gm3Ik^lb]^gmErg]hg;Zbg^lChaglhglb`glma^Pbe]^kg^ll:\m%L^im^f[^k,%*2/-' :fhg`ma^hgehhd^klZk^L^\k^mZkrh_Bgm^kbhkLm^pZkmN]Zee!_Zkkb`am"%L^\k^mZkrh_:`kb\nemnk^Hkobee^E' ?k^^fZg!mabk]_khfkb`am"%Zg]<hg`k^llfZg:e[^kmA'Jnb^![^abg]Zg]mh?k^^fZgÍlkb`am"' ^g\^lmhÊpbe]^kg^ll\aZkZ\m^k'ËMabld^rm^kfpZlZl pbe]^kg^lle^`bleZmbhgZg]k^`neZmbhg%[nmZelh[rbfihl& r^mng]^Ög^]%^o^gmahn`ama^e^`bleZmbhgk^jnbk^]_^]& bg`ebfbmlnihghnkl^eo^l'** ^kZeZ`^g\b^lmhik^l^ko^ma^Êpbe]^kg^ll\aZkZ\m^kËh_ Êpbe]^kg^llZk^Zl'ËGhmngmbe+))*]b]ma^N'L'?blaZg] NgmkZff^e^]^f[h]b^lmablghmbhgh_k^lmkZbgmZg] Pbe]eb_^L^kob\^ikh]n\^Z]^Ögbmbhg%i^kaZilma^[^lmmh anfbebmr'Bmikhob]^]Zg^ll^gmbZelmZkmbg`ihbgmbgbgm^k& ]Zm^%Zg]bgd^^ibg`pbmama^hkb`bgZebgm^gmh_ma^eZp' ik^mbg`Zg]Ziierbg`ma^*2/-eZp' Ik^l^kobg`pbe]^kg^ll\aZkZ\m^kk^jnbk^lmaZmp^fZbg& mZbgma^pbe]^kg^ll\hg]bmbhg3ma^gZmnkZe%l\^gb\\hg]b& @hbg`_hkpZk]%ma^\hg\^imh_ngmkZff^e^]aZl mbhgh_ma^eZg]%[bheh`b\Ze]bo^klbmr%[bheh`b\Zebgm^`kbmr% a^ei^][hmamhebfbmZg]mh]kbo^fn\ah_ma^hg`hbg` ^gobkhgf^gmZea^Zema%Zg]^\heh`b\ZeZg]^ohenmbhgZkr lm^pZk]labik^jnbk^]h_ma^_^]^kZeeZg]&fZgZ`^f^gm ikh\^ll^l';nmma^\aZkZ\m^kh_pbe]^kg^ll^f[h]b^l Z`^g\b^l\aZk`^]bg*2/-pbmaik^l^kobg`ZgZk^ZÍlpbe& fhk^maZgZiarlb\Ze\hg]bmbhg' ]^kg^ll\aZkZ\m^k'*+:gngmkZff^e^]pbe]^kg^ll%_hk Ma^\aZkZ\m^kh_pbe]^kg^llk^_h\nl^lhnki^k\^imbhg ^qZfie^%Zeehpl_hk\^lebd^gZmnkZeÖk^lmhieZrhnmma^bk h_gZmnk^Zg]hnkk^eZmbhglabimhbm'Bm^f[h]b^lZgZm& ^\heh`b\ZeZg]^ohenmbhgZkrkhe^pbmahnmanfZgZmm^fiml mbmn]^h_anfbebmrZg]k^lmkZbgmmaZmeb_mlhnk\hgg^\mbhg mhlniik^llma^f%mahn`ama^Pbe]^kg^ll:\m]h^li^kfbm mhZeZg]l\Zi^_khfma^nmbebmZkbZg%\hffh]bmrhkb^gmZ& Z`^g\b^lmh\hgmkheÖk^l'Bgma^;P<:P%_hk^qZfie^%ma^ mbhgmaZmh_m^g]hfbgZm^lhnkk^eZmbhglabipbmagZmnk^ ?hk^lmL^kob\^Zeehpllhf^gZmnkZeÖk^lmh[nkg[nmlni& mhma^lrf[heb\k^Zefl^kobg`hma^kanfZgg^^]l'P^ ik^ll^lhma^klmaZmmak^Zm^gmh^l\Zi^[^rhg]ma^pbe]^k& ik^l^ko^pbe]^kg^ll\aZkZ\m^k[rhnk\hfiebZg\^pbma g^ll[hng]Zkb^l'Manl%ma^+))/Mnkme^EZd^?bk^bglb]^ Fall 2008 119 Lngl^mob^p^]_khfZgbleZg]%;hng]ZkrPZm^kl<Zgh^:k^ZPbe]^kg^ll ma^;P<:PpZlZeehp^]mh[nkgpbmahnmbgm^k_^k^g\^% h_ma^Bgm^kbhkLm^pZkmN]Zee':fhg`hma^kmabg`l%ma^ [nmma^<ZobmrEZd^?bk^!Zelhbglb]^ma^pbe]^kg^ll"% iZg^eln``^lm^]maZm%ng]^klhf^\bk\nflmZg\^l%lhf^ pab\amak^Zm^g^]ahf^lZg]k^lhkmlZmma^^g]h_ma^ anfZgbgm^ko^gmbhglfb`am[^ZiikhikbZm^bggZmbhgZe @ng×bgmMkZbe%pZl_hn`am'*, iZkdl%bg\en]bg`pbe]^kg^llZk^Zlpbmabgma^iZkdl'Bg :gngmkZff^e^]pbe]^kg^llfnlmZelh[^_k^^_khf iZkmb\neZk%ma^iZg^eikhihl^]eZg]l\Zi^k^lmhkZmbhgZg] anfZgfZgbineZmbhgl%^o^gmahl^ikhihl^]_hkl^^f& hma^k\aZg`^lmaZmphne]k^mnkgiZkdlmhma^Ê\hg]b& bg`er[^g^Ö\bZek^Zlhglln\aZlk^lmhkbg`Z]bfbgbla^] mbhgmaZmik^oZbe^]pa^gma^Zk^ZpZlÖklmoblbm^][rma^ mk^^li^\b^lmhbml_hkf^kZ[ng]Zg\^makhn`a^qm^glbo^ pabm^f^g'Ë*.
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