Louis Agassiz and Alexander Winchell: Two Case Histories of Creationists Who Illustrate That Rejecting Genesis Influences the Acceptance of Racism
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Evaluating Standard Non-Metric Cranial Traits Used to Determine Ancestry on a South African Sample
Evaluating standard non-metric cranial traits used to determine ancestry on a South African sample By Carla van Rooyen Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree: M.Sc. (Anatomy) In the school of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa January- 2010 © University of Pretoria DECLARATION I, Carla van Rooyen, declare that this thesis is my own work. It is being submitted for the degree of Masters for Science in Anatomy at the University of Pretoria. It has not been submitted before any other degree or examination at this or any other University. Sign_____________ This_______Day of ________________, 2010 ABSTRACT Research on the estimation of age at death, sex and stature from skeletal remains has received more attention than methods used to evaluate ancestry. While this may be due to the stigma attached to classifying people into groups, the application, interpretation and precision of non-metric methods used to predict ancestry need to be examined; as these variables are routinely applied to forensic case work in South Africa. The aim of this study was to score fifteen non-metric cranial traits, namely nasal bone structure, nasal breadth, nasal overgrowth, anterior nasal spine, inferior nasal margin, interorbital breadth, zygomaxillary suture shape, malar tubercle, alveolar prognathism, mandibular and palatine tori, shovel- shaped incisors, Carabelli’s cusps and the transverse palatine suture shape on a South African sample, with the intent to assess the influence of sex, ancestry and age at death on these facial features. A total of 520 crania were obtained from the Pretoria Bone, Raymond A. -
The Global History of Paleopathology
OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST-PROOF, 01/31/12, NEWGEN TH E GLOBA L H ISTORY OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 000_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd0_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd i 11/31/2012/31/2012 44:03:58:03:58 PPMM OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST-PROOF, 01/31/12, NEWGEN 000_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd0_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd iiii 11/31/2012/31/2012 44:03:59:03:59 PPMM OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST-PROOF, 01/31/12, NEWGEN TH E GLOBA L H ISTORY OF PALEOPATHOLOGY Pioneers and Prospects EDITED BY JANE E. BUIKSTRA AND CHARLOTTE A. ROBERTS 3 000_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd0_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd iiiiii 11/31/2012/31/2012 44:03:59:03:59 PPMM OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST-PROOF, 01/31/12, NEWGEN 1 Oxford University Press Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With o! ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland " ailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © #$%# by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. %&' Madison Avenue, New York, New York %$$%( www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. CIP to come ISBN-%): ISBN $–%&- % ) * + & ' ( , # Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 000_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd0_JaneBuikstra_FM.indd iivv 11/31/2012/31/2012 44:03:59:03:59 PPMM OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST-PROOF, 01/31/12, NEWGEN To J. -
Science and Belief from the Copernicans to the Creationists and the Way Ahead
Science and belief from the Copernicans to the Creationists and the way ahead Course Number: HIST/INDS 550 Institution: Regent College Instructors: Dr. David Livingstone and Dr. Mark Noll Course Description This course examines critical historical episodes in the interaction between Christianity and science from the sixteenth century to the present. A major goal is to show how deeply embedded in specific cultural situations are all “encounters” between Christianity and science. A second goal is to subvert the notion that talking about “creation” and “evolution” was or ever can be a simple matter. A third goal is to suggest Christian strategies for a more fruitful interchange between science and faith. From this course, students should take away both enriched historical understanding and better theological balance for approaching critical questions relating science and Christianity. Class Outline Mon, July 17: I. Introduction II. Telling the Story of Science and Christianity Tues, July 18: III. The Copernican "Revolution" IV. The Reformation and Science Wed, July 19: V. The Puritans and Science VI. Newton and the Mechanistic World Picture Thurs, July 20: VII. Enlightenment and the Human Sciences VIII. Enlightenment, Science, and Christianity in North America Fri, July 21: IX. Pre-Darwinian, Early-Victorian Science X. The 1830s as a crucial decade for science, theology, and society Mon, July 24: XI. Darwin the man XII. Evolutionary Theories in the Late 19th Century Tues, July 25: XIII. Christian Scientists Encounter Evolution XIV. Theological Evaluations of Darwin and Darwinism Wed, July 26: XV. Creationism in the Context of American Religious History XVI. Interpreting the New Creationism Thurs, July 27: XVII. -
Earnest Hooton
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES E A R N E S T A L B E R T H O O T O N 1887—1954 A Biographical Memoir by ST A N L E Y M. G A R N AN D E UG E N E G I L E S Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 1995 NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS WASHINGTON D.C. EARNEST ALBERT HOOTON November 20, 1887–May 3, 1954 BY STANLEY M. GARN AND EUGENE GILES VER FOUR DECADES Earnest Albert Hooton became known Onationally and internationally for his contributions to the study of human evolution, for his comprehensive com- parisons of nonhuman primates, and for his management of mass-scale anthropometric studies both of skeletal popu- lations and on the living. He also became well known to a generation of newspaper readers for his pithy and often irreverent comments on the human condition and for his advocacy of a woman president. As an early exponent of applied physical anthropology and human engineering, Hooton was responsible for improvements in clothing siz- ing, work space, and air frame and seating design. For years Earnest Hooton was the principal source of graduate stu- dents in physical anthropology and, through his students, was responsible for much of the growth and direction of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION Earnest Albert Hooton was born in Clemansville, Wis- consin, on November 20, 1887, the third child and only son of an English-born Methodist minister married to a Cana- dian-born woman of Scotch-Irish ancestry. -
National Historic Landmark Nomination: Schoonmaker Reef
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHOONMAKER REEF Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service_____________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: SCHOONMAKER REEF Other Name/Site Number: WAUWATOSA REEF, SCHOONMAKER QUARRY, RAPHU STATION, FRANCEY REEF, FRANCEY QUARRY, FULLER QUARRY, WAUWATOSA QUARRY 2. LOCATION Street & Number: North of West State Street between North 66th Not For Publication:_ Street extended and North 64th Street extended Vicinity:_ City/Town: Wauwatosa State: Wisconsin County: Milwaukee Code: WI079 Zip Code: 53213 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X_ Building(s): _ Public-Local: _ District: _ Public-State: _ Site: X_ Public-Federal: Structure: _ Object: _ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing _ buildings 1 _ sites _ structures _ objects 1 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register:_ Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: N/A NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHOONMAKER REEF Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service_____________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this __ nomination __ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. -
Debating Darwin How the Church Responded to the Evolution Bombshell the Doctrine at Stake Left: Michelangelo Famously Painted God Creating Humans in the Divine Image
CHRISTIAN HISTORY Issue 107 Debating Darwin How the church responded to the evolution bombshell THE DOCTRINE AT STAKE Left: Michelangelo famously painted God creating humans in the divine image. THE BOMBSHELL EXPLODES Below: In this notebook, Darwin first diagrammed his theory of evolution- ary descent through natural selection. Did you know? MUCH MORE THAN MONKEY BUSINESS DARWIN ALMOST MISSED THE BOAT Among the careers Darwin considered before making his fateful Beagle voyage was medicine (his father’s choice). But his attempt to become a doctor was foiled by his inability to stand the sight of blood. When the voyage was proposed, he was not the first choice, and when he was offered a position, his father turned it down on his behalf. When Darwin finally did make it onto the boat, he was seasick for most of the voyage— one of the reasons he spent so much time off the boat collecting specimens on solid ground. FAVORED RACES The full title of Darwin’s book was On the Origin of Spe- cies by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Darwin did not argue there that humans descended from nonhuman ancestors. That book came a little over a decade later, in 1871: The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. Much of the controversy over Darwin’s theories fol- lowed this later book. During Darwin’s own lifetime, neither sold as well as his last book—on earthworms. DIFFERENT STROKES Scientists responded differently to Darwin in different RARY B I L LIVING IN A MATERIAL WORLD places. -
Genes, Race, and History JONATHAN MARKS
FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR An Aldine de Gruyter Series of Texts and Monographs SERIES EDITORS Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, University of California, Davis Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, University of California, Davis Richard D. Alexander, The Biology of Moral Systems Laura L. Betzig, Despotism and Differential Reproduction: A Darwinian View of History Russell L. Ciochon and John G. Fleagle (Eds.), Primate Evolution and Human Origins Martin Daly and Margo Wilson, Homicide Irensus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Human Ethology Richard J. Gelles and Jane B. Lancaster (Eds,), Child Abuse and Neglect: Biosocial Dimensions Kathleen R. Gibson and Anne C. Petersen (Eds.), Brain Maturation and Cognitive Development: Comparative and Cross-Cultural Perspectives Barry S, Hewlett (Ed.), Father-Child Relations: Cultural and Biosocial Contexts Warren G. Kinzey (Ed.), New World Primates: Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Kim Hill and A. Magdalena Hurtado: Ache Life History: The Ecology and Demography of a Foraging People Jane B. Lancaster, Jeanne Altmann, Alice S. Rossi, and Lonnie R. Sherrod (Eds.), Parenting Across the Life Span: Biosocial Dimensions Jane B. Lancaster and Beatrix A. Hamburg (Eds.), School Age Pregnancy and Parenthood: Biosocial Dimensions Jonathan Marks, Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and History Richard B. Potts, Early Hominid Activities at Olduvai Eric Alden Smith, Inujjuamiut Foraging Strategies Eric Alden Smith and Bruce Winterhalder (Eds.), Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior Patricia Stuart-Macadam and Katherine Dettwyler, Breastfeeding: A Bioaftural Perspective Patricia Stuart-Macadam and Susan Kent (Eds.), Diet, Demography, and Disease: Changing Perspectives on Anemia Wenda R. Trevathan, Human Birth: An Evolutionary Perspective James W. Wood, Dynamics of Human Reproduction: Biology, Biometry, Demography HulMAN BIODIVERS~ Genes, Race, and History JONATHAN MARKS ALDINE DE GRUYTER New York About the Author Jonathan Marks is Visiting Associate Professorof Anthropology, at the University of California, Berkeley. -
The Biological Anthropology of Living Human Populations: World Histories, National Styles, and International Networks
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of History and Sociology of Science Departmental Papers (HSS) (HSS) 4-2012 The Biological Anthropology of Living Human Populations: World Histories, National Styles, and International Networks Susan M. Lindee University of Pennsylvannia, [email protected] Ricardo V. Santos Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hss_papers Part of the Anthropology Commons, and the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons Recommended Citation Lindee, S. M., & Santos, R. V. (2012). The Biological Anthropology of Living Human Populations: World Histories, National Styles, and International Networks. Current Anthropology, 53 (S5), S3-S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/663335 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hss_papers/22 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Biological Anthropology of Living Human Populations: World Histories, National Styles, and International Networks Abstract We introduce a special issue of Current Anthropology developed from a Wenner-Gren symposium held in Teresópolis, Brazil, in 2010 that was about the past, present, and future of biological anthropology. Our goal was to understand from a comparative international perspective the contexts of genesis and development of physical/biological anthropology around the world. While biological anthropology today can encompass paleoanthropology, primatology, and skeletal biology, our symposium focused on the field's engagement with living human populations. Bringing together scholars in the history of science, science studies, and anthropology, the participants examined the discipline's past in different contexts but also reflected on its contemporary and future conditions. Our contributors explore national histories, collections, and scientific field acticepr with the goal of developing a broader understanding of the discipline's history. -
University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan (?) Dwight Eugene Mavo 1968
This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 68-9041 MAYO, Dwight Eugene, 1919- THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEA OF THE GEOSYNCLINE. The University of Oklahoma, Ph.D., 1968 History, modem University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan (?) Dwight Eugene Mavo 1968 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 'i hii UIUV&Hüil Y OF O&LAÜOM GRADUAS ü COLLEGE THS DEVlïLOFr-ÎEKS OF TÜE IDEA OF SHE GSOSÏNCLIKE A DISDER'i'ATIOH SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUAT E FACULTY In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY DWIGHT’ EUGENE MAYO Norman, Oklahoma 1968 THE DEVELOfMEbM OF THE IDEA OF I HE GEOSÏHCLINE APPROVED BÏ DIS5ERTAII0K COMMITTEE ACKNOWL&DG EMEK3S The preparation of this dissertation, which is sub mitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the University of Okla homa, has been materially assisted by Professors Duane H, D. Roller, David b, Kitts, and Thomas M. Smith, without whose help, advice, and direction the project would have been well-nigh impossible. Acknowledgment is also made for the frequent and generous assistance of Mrs. George Goodman, librarian of the DeGolyer Collection in the history of Science and Technology where the bulk of the preparation was done. ___ Generous help and advice in searching manuscript materials was provided by Miss Juliet Wolohan, director of the Historical Manuscripts Division of the New fork State Library, Albany, New fork; Mr. M. D. Smith, manuscripts librarian at the American Philosophical Society Library, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Dr. Kathan Seingold, editor of the Joseph Henry Papers, bmithsonian Institution, Wash ington, D. -
Why Be Against Darwin? Creationism, Racism, and the Roots of Anthropology
YEARBOOK OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 55:95–104 (2012) Why Be Against Darwin? Creationism, Racism, and the Roots of Anthropology Jonathan Marks* Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 KEY WORDS History; Anthropology; Scientific racism; Eugenics; Creationism ABSTRACT In this work, I review recent works in G. Simpson and Morris Goodman a century later. This science studies and the history of science of relevance to will expose some previously concealed elements of the biological anthropology. I will look at two rhetorical prac- tangled histories of anthropology, genetics, and evolu- tices in human evolution—overstating our relationship tion—particularly in relation to the general roles of race with the apes and privileging ancestry over emergence— and heredity in conceptualizing human origins. I argue and their effects upon how human evolution and human that scientific racism and unscientific creationism are diversity have been understood scientifically. I examine both threats to the scholarly enterprise, but that scien- specifically the intellectual conflicts between Rudolf tific racism is worse. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 55:95–104, Virchow and Ernst Haeckel in the 19th century and G. 2012. VC 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Because the methods of science are so diverse It is actually no great scandal to reject science. In the (including observation, experimental manipulation, quali- first place, nobody rejects all science; that person exists tative data collection, quantitative data analysis, empiri- only in the imagination of a paranoiac. In the second cal, and hermeneutic research; and ranging from the syn- place, we all have criteria for deciding what science to chronic and mechanistic to the diachronic and historical), reject—at very least, we might generally agree to reject it has proven to be difficult to delimit science as practice. -
SUBJECT: ACTION REQUEST: Background: the UNIVERSITY OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN REGENTS COMMUNICATION SUBJECT: Building and Space Naming ACTION REQUEST: Authorization to rescind and to remove the name of Alexander Winchell House in West Quadrangle Residence Hall Background: In January 2017 a review process was established for considering questions raised by the community about historical names in and on University buildings (the "review process") based on the recommendation of the President's Advisory Committee on University History ("P ACOUH"). The P ACOUH is a standing committee of expert faculty that advises the President on matters relating to the history and traditions of the University that require historical interpretation, sensitivity and expertise. The committee is currently chaired by Thurnau Professor of History Terrence J. McDonald, who is also director ofthe Bentley Historical Library, the University's primary institutional archive. The review process articulates a set of principles that should be used in considering requests to review names as well as the steps that will be taken when requests are submitted. On February 12, 2017, a UM undergraduate student submitted a request that the name of Alexander Winchell House in West Quadrangle Residence Hall be reviewed pursuant to the review process. The P ACOUH carefully evaluated the request and in September 2017 unanimously recommended to me that the name be rescinded and removed. In doing so, the committee independently considered "the content of Winchell's work, the trajectory ofhis life and career and the most recent findings -
The Fifth International Geological Congress, Washington, 1891
Articles 279 by Clifford M. Nelson* The Fifth International Geological Congress, Washington, 1891 US Geological Survey, 950 National Center, Reston, VA 20192-0001, USA. E-mail: [email protected] The 5th International Geological Congress (IGC), the initial meeting in North America, was the first of the Prologue: invitations in 1888 for the 5th IGC three IGCs that have been held in the United States of America (USA). Of the 538 registrants alive when the When meeting in London during 17–22 September 1888, the 4th International Geological Congress (IGC) received three invitations 5th IGC convened in Washington, 251 persons, repre- to hold the next triennial congress at cities in the United States and a senting fifteen countries, actually attended the meeting. fourth to convene the 6th IGC in Vienna in 1894. On 19 September, These participants included 173 people from the USA, Persifor Frazer (Franklin Institute), the Secretary of the American of whom forty-two represented the US Geological Sur- Association for the Advancement of Science's (AAAS) Special vey (USGS). Fourteen of the US State geological sur- Committee on the International Congress of Geologists, introduced a veys sent representatives to Washington. Eight partici- multi-party offer from Philadelphia to host the 5th IGC. The invita- pants came from other countries in the Western Hemi- tions to meet in the United States (US) had been expected ever since sphere — Canada (3), Chile (1), Mexico (3), and Peru the AAAS reestablished its 'American Committee' in 1882, with James Hall (State Geologist of New York) as Chairman and Thomas (1). The sixty-six European geologists and naturalists at Hunt (New York City) as Secretary (Saunders, 1883: 634).