University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln September 2019 Research Performance of Top Universities in Karnataka: Based on Scopus Citation Index Kodanda Rama PES College of Engineering, [email protected] C. P. Ramasesh [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac Part of the Scholarly Communication Commons, and the Scholarly Publishing Commons Rama, Kodanda and Ramasesh, C. P., "Research Performance of Top Universities in Karnataka: Based on Scopus Citation Index" (2019). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 2889. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2889 Research Performance of Top Universities in Karnataka: Based on Scopus Citation Index 1 2 Kodandarama and C.P. Ramasesh ABSTRACT: [Paper furnishes the results of the analysis of citations of research papers covered by Scopus database of Elsevier, USA. The coverage of the database is complete; citations depicted by Scopus upto June 2019 are considered. Study projects the research performance of six well established top universities in the state of Karnataka with regard the number of research papers covered by scholarly journals and number of scholars who have cited these research papers. Also projected is the average citations per research paper and h-Index of authors. Paper also projects the performance of top faculty members who are involved in contributing research papers. Collaboration with authors of foreign countries in doing research work and publishing papers are also comprehended in the study, including the trends in publishing research papers which depict the decreasing and increasing trends of research work.] INTRODUCTION: Now-a-days, there is emphasis on improving the quality of research papers on the whole. In this direction, national academic and research bodies including assessment and accreditation agencies such as University Grants Commission, All India Council of Technical Education, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Assessment and Accreditation Council and National Board of Accreditation do rely upon impact factor of journals and h-Index derived from citation indices to determine the quality of research publications. Impact factor and h-Index depicts the quality of papers based on the extent of use. Of late, there is focus on the prevention of plagiarism as well. The extent of originality of research papers is projected by the plagiarism check using anti-plagiarism software like as iThenticate and Turnitin . The anti-plagiarism software while scanning covers more than 65 billion pages web content. Moreover, the software scans within 10 minutes and shows how far the research paper submitted by the scholar is original. It also retrieves the sources from where the text contents are copied and finally enables to verify manuscript with already published research papers, side-by-side. 1. Sri. Kodandaram, Chief Librarian, PES College of Engineering, Mandya 571401 E.mail:[email protected]. 2. Dr. C.P.Ramasesh, Former Librarian, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006 (Address: 1212, Ashoka Circle, Chamaraja Puram, Mysore-570005. E.mail: [email protected]. In this present survey, attempt is made by the authors to project the research performance of top performing six universities in the state of Karnataka. The research papers covered by the Scopus citation index, up to June 2019 is considered. Further, attempt is made to project the collaborative research with the authors of foreign countries and the extent of use of papers based on citations. In the present survey, h-Index is derived from Scopus Index. Scopus is the citation index, a product of M/s. Elsevier, USA. Scopus covers citations mainly from scholarly journals in the disciplines of science and technology. As of now, 22500 journals are covered by Scopus. Another popular citation index available to determine the h-Index is Web of Science. It is the product of Clarivate Analytics, USA. Grant giving organizations and assessment bodies usually rely upon either of these American citation indexes. Here, h-index is an author-level metric that attempts to measure both the productivity and citation impact of the publications of a scientist or scholar. The index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. The h-index method of calculating the performance of authors was suggested in 2005 by Jorge E. Hirsch, an American Physicist. The calculation made and indicated as the Hirsch index or Hirsch number. The advantage of the h-index is that it combines productivity (i.e., number of papers produced) and impact (number of citations) in a single number. When we say the h-Index of an author or organization is 30, which means, 30 of his papers have been used and cited by more than 30 authors while writing their papers. For each of these 30 papers, there will be minimum of 30 citing authors. Thus, the quality is determined based on the extent of use. Hirsch reckons that after 20 years of research, an h- index of 20 is good, 40 is outstanding, and 60 is truly exceptional. Table 1 : Top performing universities in Karnataka State Sl. No. Universities Place Year of Establishment 01 University of Mysore Mysuru 1916 02 Karnatak University Dharwar 1950 03 Bangalore University Bengaluru 1964 04 Mangalore University Mangalore 1980 05 Gulbarga University Kalaburgi 1980 06 Kuvempu University Shimoga 1987 As of 2019, there are 27 universities in the state of Karnataka. Considering the year of establishment of state universities, the University of Mysore is the oldest of all which was established in the year 1916. Karnatak University, Dharwar is the second one which came into being in the year 1950 and Bangalore University was established in the year 1964. The three other universities shown in the above table were established during 1980s. Table 2 : Use of research papers based on citations No. of No. of Average Sl. Universities Research Times Citation h-Index No. Papers Cited per item 01 University of Mysore 8007 63740 7.96 80 02 Karnatak University 4847 62277 12.84 91 03 Bangalore University 5562 59197 10.64 88 04 Mangalore University 4251 34422 8.09 67 05 Kuvempu University 2229 26743 11.99 62 06 Gulbarga University 2065 24681 11.95 63 The authors of Karnatak University though published 4847 papers, there are altogether 62277 citations depicting an h-Index of 91. The average citation per item stands at 12.84. Though the total publications of the University of Mysore depicted is 8007 papers, the total number of citations is 63740 with an h-Index of 80. Therefore, the University of Mysore is at the second place. Further, Bangalore University has contributed 5562 papers with average citation per item stands at 10.62. Gulbarga University though established in 1980, the h-Index is showing 63 as of June 2019. Table 3 : Disciplines in which maximum number of papers published Sl. No. of Universities Subject Areas No. Papers 01 University of Mysore 1. Chemistry 2822 2. Physics 1844 02 Karnatak University 1. Chemistry 1949 2. Material Science 915 03 Bangalore University 1. Chemistry 1244 2. Engineering 1049 04 Mangalore University 1. Physics 2084 2. Astronomy, physics 1997 05 Gulbarga University 1. Engineering 501 2. Astrophysics 472 06 Kuvempu University 1. Chemistry 799 2. Pharmacology, Toxicology & 415 Pharmaceuticals As regards total number of papers contributed, University of Mysore is on the top with 8007 papers. However, considering the discipline-wise contribution, maximum number of papers are found in the discipline of chemistry from University of Mysore with 2822 papers, Karnatak University with 1949 papers in chemistry. Similarly, from Bangalore University and Kuvempu University, maximum number of papers are in the discipline of Chemistry with 1244 and 799 papers respectively. Further, 1844 and 2084 papers are depicted in the discipline of physics from University of Mysore and Mangalore University. Further, there are 1049 and 501 papers on Engineering subjects from Bangalore University and Gulbarga University respectively being the maximum number of papers contributed. Table 4 : Increasing / Decreasing trend in publishing research papers in Karnataka Sl. No. Universities 2018 2017 2016 2015 01 Mangalore University 304 206 198 189 02 Bangalore University 392 313 316 243 03 Karnatak University 269 210 219 237 04 Gulbarga University 101 74 108 79 05 Kuvempu University 171 188 138 119 06 University of Mysore 379 407 407 424 The data in the above table clearly depict that except in Mangalore University, Bangalore University and Karnatak University, there is decreasing trend as to the number of publications are considered in all the universities of the state. There is gradual increase in the number of papers contributed from Mangalore University. During 2015 there were only 189 papers and the number increased to 304 in 2018, depicting steady growth. The data also indicates that there is steady decrease in the number of papers contributed from the University of Mysore. The rest of the two universities also depicted the decreasing trend. Table 5: Number of countries collaborated for publishing research papers No. of No. of Percentage of Sl. No. of Universities countries collaborated collaborated No Papers Collaborated Papers Papers 1 Univ of Mysore 8007 74 1920 23.40 2 Karnatak Univ 4847 98 859 17.72 3 Bangalore Univ 5562 74 828 14.87 4 Mangalore Univ 4551 78 1637 38.51 5 Kuvempu Univ 2229 49 426 19.11 6 Gulbarga Univ 2065 36 237 10.63 Table shows number of foreign countries collaborated in research work and also in contributing the research papers. Authors of the University of Mysore have collaborated with the authors of 74 foreign countries and the percentage of papers represent 23.40. Mangalore University authors have collaborated with 78 foreign countries and the number of papers is 1637 and the percentage of collaborated papers stands at 38.51, , being the highest among all the universities.