E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 116 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 166 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 20, 2020 No. 95 House of Representatives The House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Friday, May 22, 2020, at 11 a.m. Senate WEDNESDAY, MAY 20, 2020

The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was RECOGNIZING THE DAILY IOWAN and we are working for the American called to order by the President pro Mr. GRASSLEY. Journalists, as we people. All month, we have been in ses- tempore (Mr. GRASSLEY). all know, serve as the watchdog for ac- sion, passing national security legisla- f countability, particularly to keep gov- tion, confirming key nominees, and holding hearings on the coronavirus PRAYER ernment responsible. These journalists inform and investigate issues impor- crisis and the effectiveness of the his- The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- tant to their readers, from human in- toric rescue package the Senate wrote fered the following prayer: terests to public interests. Right now, and the Senate passed. Let us pray. We are heeding medical guidance and Heavenly Father, today, restore in a lot of focus is upon the COVID–19 pandemic. taking new precautions, but we are our lawmakers faith in the ultimate showing up and getting things done. triumph of Your plan for our Nation The University of Iowa’s independent Over across the Rotunda, in the and world. Help them to realize that newspaper, the Daily Iowan, has been House, crickets—their lights are off. the power of Your providence will en- named the ‘‘Best All-Around Daily Stu- The doors are locked. The people’s able them to navigate every challenge dent Newspaper’’ by the Society of Pro- House has shown up for a grand total of and tragedy. Trusting in Your might, fessional Journalists. This prestigious 2 legislative session days since March. may they embrace Your promise to do honor follows its recognition as the Well, 2 days in 8 weeks is a blistering more for them than they can ask or 2020 ‘‘Newspaper of the Year’’ by the pace. imagine. Iowa Newspaper Association. Lord, in spite of difficulties, dis- I come to the floor to commend the Last week, they flew into town to appointments, and despair, reassure team of collegiate journalists in the pass Speaker PELOSI’s latest 1,800-page them that You are still in control. Re- student-run newsroom at the Daily liberal wish list. Diversity and inclu- mind us all that in everything You are Iowan. These awards show that the sion in the marijuana industry wasn’t working for the good of those who love staff’s hard work and commitment to going to study itself, after all. That You, who are called according to Your their craft rise above the rest. had to be an A–1 priority during this purposes. You are the cream of the crop. Con- crisis. The Speaker’s proposal was so We pray in Your loving Name. Amen. gratulations and keep up the good unserious and so far left that it could work. not even unite her own conference. f I yield the floor. Even after a 2-month sabbatical, House PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE f Democrats could not contribute any- The President pro tempore led the thing serious. RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: Yet they did find the time to keep LEADER I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the fishing for another impeachment. More United States of America, and to the Repub- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- than a year after the Mueller report lic for which it stands, one nation under God, jority leader is recognized. thoroughly debunked the collusion indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. f conspiracy theory, Democrats are still The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. pursuing the administration in court BUSINESS BEFORE THE SENATE LOEFFLER). The Senator from Iowa. over that document. In a new Supreme Mr. GRASSLEY. Madam President, I Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, Court brief the day before yesterday, ask unanimous consent to speak for 1 week after week, this Capitol has been House Democrats said they have the minute in morning business. a study in contrasts. Call it the tale of right to continue because—listen to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without two Chambers. Over here in the Senate, this—the President’s impeachment did objection, it is so ordered. the lights are on, the doors are open, not actually end with his acquittal.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.000 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2512 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 The House Democrats are now claim- abortion above all else. Disrespecting The last time our Nation faced a pan- ing the impeachment that ended in human life is their central mission, and demic on this scale, the 1918 Spanish February is not really over. Their brief they just took advantage of a national flu, the Attending Physician’s office says they are weighing ‘‘whether to crisis and helped themselves to tens of was still more than a decade away from recommend new articles of impeach- millions of taxpayer dollars they were even existing. Dr. Monahan has had to ment.’’ And referring to Chairman clearly forbidden from taking. break unprecedented ground in his cru- NADLER’s Judiciary Committee, ‘‘the It goes without saying that the cial role on multiple levels, but, true to Committee’s investigation did not money must be sent back imme- form, he has adapted on the fly to serve cease with the conclusion of the im- diately—right now. As we shine a light his country. peachment trial.’’ That is Chairman on Planned Parenthood’s misrepresen- Dr. Monahan has developed detailed NADLER’s argument in a court case. tations, we cannot let their actions advice for Members and committees. Perpetual investigation and per- jeopardize this important program His team is working around the clock petual impeachment—if only someone with the tens of millions of Americans to answer questions and to keep us could have predicted this. If only any- who are benefiting from it rightly. healthy. Expertise and attention to de- one had warned that House Democrats’ Remember, the PPP has pushed $500 tail are nothing new from our Attend- opening the Pandora’s box of weak im- billion into the economy across more ing Physician, who has spent a proud peachments would affect our country than 4 million loans. The average loan career in military service. The Senate into the future. Of course, Senate and size is just $118,000, giving paychecks is lucky that the public service of this House Republicans warned precisely instead of pink slips for tens of mil- decorated rear admiral and celebrated that, and here we are. lions of Americans. instructor has brought him to us. We It is a suitable complement to the My hometown of Louisville, KY, is certainly are grateful to him and his other ongoing incident, where a Fed- home to the baseball bat factory that entire team. eral judge has taken it upon himself to makes the world-famous Louisville I am happy to report that we aren’t prolong a case that the actual prosecu- Slugger. For a few months, the bat fac- the only ones taking notice. tors want to drop. tory was a temporary casualty of Mr. President, as a measure of our These are fascinating legal stand- COVID–19. This month, the manufac- collective gratitude, I ask unanimous ards. Investigations no longer end turer secured a PPP loan, and 171 em- consent that this recent New York when a jury acquits someone and pros- ployees were pulled off furlough and Times feature profile of Dr. Monahan ecutions no longer end when charges put right back on the payroll. So 171 be printed in the RECORD. are dropped. The House Democrats family stories went from pain and There being no objection, the mate- would rather spend a fourth consecu- chaos back to stability because of this rial was ordered to be printed in the tive year trying to cram their politics program. That is just one business in RECORD, as follows: into the legal system than actually one city in one State. [From the New York Times, May 16, 2020] govern the country during a pandemic. There is also an automotive parts DOCTOR TO CONGRESS AND SUPREME COURT Fortunately, as I laid out, the Senate supplier and a hoagie shop in Michigan, TOILS TO SIDESTEP POLITICS AMID PANDEMIC is up to the job. Every single day, the a fresh flower shop in Arizona, a burger (By Emily Cochrane) historic CARES Act that we wrote and joint and a community nonprofit in WASHINGTON—When Senator John Bar- passed to fight this pandemic continues North Carolina, and on and on and on. rasso, Republican of Wyoming, sought guid- to come online. Direct payments hit Four million loans across all 50 States ance on how to protect his family, including families’ accounts. Support for major and new loans are still being issued as his 94-year-old father-in-law, when he re- industries helps to prevent mass lay- we speak. This is what serious legisla- turned home from the nation’s capital amid offs. Resources for doctors, nurses, hos- tion looks like. This is what serious so- the coronavirus pandemic, a doctor offered him some blunt advice. pitals, and healthcare providers help to lutions can accomplish. Don’t go home just yet, Dr. Brian P. stabilize the system from coast to Every day, the Senate’s work is pay- Monahan, the attending physician of Con- coast. ing dividends to working families all gress, told Mr. Barrasso, directing him to The Paycheck Protection Program across our country. quarantine for 14 days before rejoining his has saved tens of millions of jobs for The pandemic is not all we are work- family. ‘‘You’re a visitor,’’ Dr. Monahan American workers. From big cities to ing on. The Senate is also staying on said. small towns, to industrial suburbs, to top of foreign relations, national secu- But when House Democratic leaders want- farm country, Senate Republicans’ bold ed counsel on whether they could safely re- rity, and the personnel business. convene in the Capitol with Covid–19 still program is turning potential pink slips Yesterday, the Intelligence Com- spreading—a debate with political dimen- into paychecks every single day. mittee reported out the nomination of sions as a partisan divide was emerging To be sure, the program is imperfect. the next Director of the National Intel- across the country over how quickly to re- That was guaranteed when banks had ligence. The Armed Services Com- open—Dr. Monahan was less absolute. Re- to cram multiple years’ worth of lend- mittee reported out nominations for turning to Washington carried health risks ing into a few weeks. Yesterday, we Secretary of the Navy, Chief of Staff of he would not recommend taking, he told saw a glaring example of that imper- the Air Force, and Deputy Under Sec- Speaker Nancy Pelosi of California and Rep- fection. The legislation we passed con- retary of Defense for Policy. resentative Steny H. Hoyer of Maryland, the tains specific eligibility requirements. majority leader. But it was up to them to de- I hope our Democratic colleagues cide what to do. One rule said affiliates of national non- will not block the Senate from filling They opted to delay their return, and on profits could not pose as small non- these key national security vacancies Friday, partly because of Dr. Monahan’s profits and ask for money. But because before we adjourn later this week. warnings, moved forward with plans to insti- time was and is of the essence, the leg- f tute remote voting in the future. islation set up a process of initial self- It was typical of Dr. Monahan, the 59-year- certification with review to follow, TRIBUTE TO DR. BRIAN MONAHAN old Navy rear admiral who is known in the halls of the Capitol as much for his meticu- rather than lengthy vetting upfront Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, throughout this health crisis, the Sen- lous attention to medical detail as he is for that would have slowed the emergency his efforts to stay completely out of politics. money for rightful recipients. ate, its Members, and our staffs have ‘‘He is both an executive with lots of We learned yesterday that the Na- been lucky to have the steady leader- health care responsibilities—particularly tion’s largest abortion provider, ship of Dr. Brian Monahan in our cor- now—and also has the unique relationship Planned Parenthood, abused this emer- ner. Our Attending Physician has re- with members that a small-town doctor gency process and grabbed tens of mil- sponded with the same ability and pro- would have with the patients he knows and lions of dollars of taxpayer money for fessionalism that have benefited Con- sees,’’ said Senator Roy Blunt, Republican of which they were completely ineligible. gress and the Supreme Court for more Missouri and chairman of the Senate Rules Committee. ‘‘He’s in a unique role at a This is the organization that fired its than a decade. His continued guidance unique time’’ new president last year because she is making it possible for the Senate to As government doctors have emerged as was too focused on broader health smartly and safely fulfill our constitu- trusted public voices and political figures in issues and not sufficiently fixated on tional duty to the American people. the face of a fearsome pandemic—appearing

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.001 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2513 in White House news conferences and as wit- water or electricity in Lissycasey. The first does for this institution and for his nesses at marquee hearings—Dr. Monahan in his family to attend college, he worked country. has maintained an uncommonly low profile. full-time at a supermarket while commuting He never issued a public statement offering in a yellow Volkswagen Beetle to Fairfield f his opinion on whether Congress should re- University, a Jesuit college—an education, RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME convene, although he shared his warnings he would tell graduates in 2011, that meant, with House leaders and privately told senior ‘‘you are called to be ‘men and women for The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Republican officials that his office did not others.’ ’’ the previous order, the leadership time have the capacity to screen all 100 senators He studied biology and chemistry, and is reserved. for the coronavirus when they returned to after graduating, joined the Navy through f work. When Alex M. Azar II, the health sec- its Health Professions Scholarship Program, retary, said he would send 1,000 tests to Cap- enticed in part by the offer of free tuition CONCLUSION OF MORNING itol Hill to accommodate them, Ms. Pelosi and a living allowance in exchange for a BUSINESS and Senator Mitch McConnell, Republican of commitment to three years of service. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning ‘‘Brian was always the smartest kid in the Kentucky and the majority leader, turned business is closed. down the offer, wary of the optics of receiv- class,’’ said Dr. William Dahut, a medical ing special treatment at a time when testing oncologist who spent time with him in both f was scarce—and prompting President Trump medical school and the Navy. ‘‘If there was a EXECUTIVE SESSION to suggest on Twitter that ‘‘maybe you need publication or data, Brian knew that data a new Doctor over there.’’ and knew that well.’’ In 1989, as a resident in the cardiology Dr. Monahan, who declined to be inter- EXECUTIVE CALENDAR viewed, has been a calm and professional ward in what was then the National Naval voice of reason during the pandemic, accord- Medical Center in Bethesda, Md., he treated The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under ing to interviews with more than two dozen a 39-year-old woman for potentially fatal the previous order, the Senate will pro- lawmakers, Capitol officials and medical cardiac arrhythmias. The patient had taken ceed to executive session to resume the popular antihistamine Seldane, and his professionals who know him. They say he consideration of the following nomina- has taken a personal interest in his influen- contribution to research on that medicine— and its connection to the arrhythmias—later tion, which the clerk will report. tial clientele, which also includes the nine The senior assistant legislative clerk Supreme Court justices, even as he fields po- helped lead to its removal from the market. Dr. Monahan rose through the ranks of the read the nomination of Anna M. litically charged questions about reopening, Navy, becoming a professor of medicine and testing and precautionary measures. Manasco, of Alabama, to be United pathology at the Uniformed Services Univer- Operating out of a nondescript clinic States District Judge for the Northern sity of the Health Sciences in Maryland, as tucked away in the heart of the Capitol, Dr. District of Alabama. well as participating in a number of national Monahan and a small staff have been exceed- Mr. MCCONNELL. I suggest the ab- organizations related to cancer, oncology ingly busy since the pandemic took hold, and hematology. sence of a quorum. consulting with lawmakers who have con- While serving as the Chairman of the De- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tracted Covid–19 or exposed to someone in- partment of Medicine at the university, he clerk will call the roll. fected with it, doling out health rec- received a call for a meeting in which offi- The senior assistant legislative clerk ommendations in detailed memos ahead of cials with congressional leadership asked proceeded to call the roll. votes, and producing a series of videos re- him to become the attending physician on Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, I ask leased on an internal website to educate law- Capitol Hill when his predecessor retired. makers and their staff on how to protect unanimous consent that the order for He has since become a fixture on Capitol the quorum call be rescinded. themselves. Hill, participating in congressional trips and Dr. Monahan has filmed and produced the functions and releasing health assessments The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without videos by himself in his office, often seated for presidential and vice-presidential con- objection, it is so ordered. next to an elaborate bouquet of white flow- tenders, including Senators Bernie Sanders, CORONAVIRUS ers and a tiny plastic model of a pangolin, the Vermont independent, and Tim Kaine, Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, we the scaly mammal that may have been an Democrat of Virginia. (Mr. Kaine also asked are going to complete 3 weeks of Sen- intermediary carrier of the virus. him for ‘‘a tuneup’’ before hiking the Vir- ate activity, called together by Sen- In the videos, he typically walks through ginia section of the Appalachian Trail.) the most recent recommendations offered by In 2016, it was Dr. Monahan’s assessment of ator MCCONNELL at a time when the the Centers for Disease Control and Preven- Justice Antonin Scalia’s health at the time House of Representatives, under the tion and demonstrates medical equipment, of his death—including sleep apnea, coronary guidance of Dr. Monahan, who was just such as a thermometer and a variety of artery disease, obesity and diabetes—that in- praised—and I join in that praise—was masks (including one made by his wife, using fluenced the decision to decline an autopsy not in session when the Senate came to a black shopping bag and a sewing machine). of the justice, The Associated Press reported session. ‘‘He has a big job—two houses of Congress, at the time. I said at the time that it was our re- two parties to deal with—but he’s not polit- ‘‘He was the one who advised me to go to ical in any way,’’ Ms. Pelosi said. ‘‘He treats the hospital,’’ said Representative Ben sponsibility to be here. That is why we us all with respect, and we respect his judg- McAdams, Democrat of Utah and one of the ran for office. Important things need to ment in return.’’ first lawmakers to contract the virus, said of be decided, and we need to be part of it Dr. Monahan in 2009 became the seventh Dr. Monahan. ‘‘He was clear: ‘I strongly rec- for the good of the Nation. man to serve as attending physician, taking ommend you go to the hospital—this is seri- We are about to complete 3 straight up a position that has always been held by a ous.’ ’’ weeks without one measure on the Navy doctor. The House first approved a The congressman has spoken with the doc- floor of the Senate relating to the na- Navy officer to work out of the Democratic tor at least a dozen times since, he said in an cloakroom in 1928 after one lawmaker died interview on Thursday—but had yet to meet tional public health emergency—not and two collapsed, with several hours pass- Dr. Monahan in person. one. There have been hearings in some ing before a doctor could arrive in each case. An avid photographer, Dr. Monahan’s committees, yes, but activity on the Two years later, the Senate extended that photos are present in offices around the Cap- floor of the Senate, no. No bill was doctor’s jurisdiction to include its own mem- itol—and he has been known to offer advice brought to the floor. bers, leading to the establishment of the Of- on how to best capture a scenic landmark or In fact, there was an attempt yester- fice of the Attending Physician. vista on trips overseas. day to bring a resolution that said the He checks in with his powerful patients The office provides care to lawmakers for a United States should be involved in the fee, as well as offering some services and frequently, including long after they have re- emergency care to staff and tourists. The covered. global international effort to find a first physician, Dr. George W. Calver, who ‘‘I’ve been around for a long period of time, vaccine. It was objected to on the Re- began his work just before the start of the and he just takes more of a personal interest publican side. The reason the Senator Great Depression, displayed placards in than anyone else I’ve ever known in that po- objected to it—the chairman of the cloakrooms and elevators across the Capitol sition,’’ said Senator James M. Inhofe, Re- Senate Foreign Relations Committee— with his nine ‘‘Commandments of Health,’’ publican of Oklahoma and chairman of the is that he wants to take up the meas- Senate Armed Services Committee, who has including ‘‘Accept Inevitables (don’t worry)’’ ure in his committee at some later and ‘‘Relax Completely.’’ been on Capitol Hill for more than three dec- Dr. Monahan was born in Connecticut, the ades. ‘‘He just seems to be genuinely inter- date. I encourage that Senator to do it son of Irish immigrants who came to the ested in me—and he’s that way with every- quickly. United States in the 1950s. His mother grew body.’’ I think there is a sense of urgency up in Kilkee, while his father grew up in a Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, across America in terms of this na- house with a thatched roof without running we thank the good doctor for all he tional health emergency that we face.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.005 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2514 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 Yet there is not a sense of urgency on did not consider or even discuss, to my Who among us believes that small the Republican side of the aisle, de- knowledge, in the Senate this week, businesses will be in a position to re- spite the fact that for 3 weeks we have the HEROES Act, called for more than cover and get back to business as usual not considered one measure on the $100 billion more in relief to hospitals. by June? I pray that is the case, but I floor related to this COVID–19 virus, How important is that? know better in my home State and I which is unexplainable and indefen- I know how important it is in Illi- will bet you in the State of Kentucky sible. nois; I can tell you flat-out. As a as well. Senator MCCONNELL, of Kentucky, downstater, when you take a look at How about unemployment? We came has told us that he doesn’t sense the the rural and smalltown hospitals in through in the CARES Act and did urgency for us to take up the measure my State, they are struggling. something dramatic and unprece- passed last week by the House of Rep- One hospital administrator told me dented. We said that we were going to resentatives. This was a bipartisan that she had scheduled four elective give an extra payment, a Federal pay- measure that was brought to the floor surgeries last Monday, a week ago, and ment, to those who were unemployed of the House of Representatives, which only one patient showed up. The other so that they could weather this storm attempted to move us forward from the three called in and said they were too as their families try to adjust to no original CARES Act, the $3 trillion of frightened to go to the hospital and breadwinner in the house—$600 a week cumulative spending that we have fo- run the risk of being exposed to the on top of whatever the State benefit of cused on the economy and the public COVID virus. I cannot imagine there is unemployment might be. For some health challenge facing our Nation. not the same situation going on in families, it was just enough to get by. Is there any urgency to it? Well, I Kentucky. Understand, though, that benefit— sense that urgency every time I pick Isn’t there a sense of urgency in Ken- that unemployment benefit of $600 up the phone or read the newspaper in tucky, as in Illinois, for us to move and from the Federal Government each my State of Illinois. I am on con- move quickly to help these hospitals week—is going to end at the end of ference call after conference call with before they furlough more people and July. That is not that far way. We are groups across our State that are con- ultimately face closure—a disaster in talking about 10 weeks at the most. Do cerned about economic issues, as well any community that we want to ur- we honestly believe the unemployment as public health issues. There is truly a gently avoid? crisis, with 36 million unemployed State and local governments are sense of urgency where I live. I cannot Americans, will be behind us by the struggling now to pay teachers, first believe that Senator MCCONNELL end of July? I wish that were the case, responders, and healthcare workers as doesn’t sense it in his own State of but we know better. In my State of Illi- they face record revenue losses and in- Kentucky. nois, I know better. creased costs of fighting the virus. The Kentucky hospitals and healthcare We are hoping to start reopening the measure that passed the House of Rep- providers have received $900 million in economy in a safe, responsible, careful resentatives last week had almost $1 CARES Act funding. I don’t question way and to give these small businesses trillion to help these State and local whether they were deserving or needed a fighting chance to open their doors governments—not just in Illinois but it; we received funds, as well, in the again and survive, but it is going to be in every State, including the Common- a struggle, and many of them won’t State of Illinois. But the Kentucky wealth of Kentucky. Hospital Association tells us that the In States around the country, red and make it. Earlier this month, 69,000 people filed hospitals in Kentucky are expected to blue—the Center for Budget and Policy lose $1.3 billion in March and April Priorities estimates that States will new unemployment claims in Ken- alone. lose $650 billion in revenues by next tucky—a 4,000-percent increase from You know, we are next door to Ken- summer. By the end of the year, Ken- last year. Do those families who are tucky, and my hospitals in downstate tucky is expected to lose between 10 now unemployed feel that this re- southern Illinois, right next to Ken- and 17 percent of its annual revenues. sponse, this Federal assistance in un- tucky, have told me the same thing. Without help from the Federal Govern- employment benefits, is urgent? Well, They are losing money right and left. ment, Kentucky’s Governor announced you bet it is. How many of those in Illi- Do they think this is an urgent prob- that Kentucky’s ‘‘recession will be nois or Kentucky believe they won’t lem in Illinois? You bet they do, and I longer or unemployment will be great- need this help after the end of July this will bet the hospitals in Kentucky do er.’’ year? July—the same month the $600- as well. Congress appropriated $150 billion in per-week unemployment benefits ex- This is what the vice president of the funding for State and local govern- pire—the unemployment rate in Ken- Kentucky Hospital Association, Carl ments in the original CARES Act, but tucky has been projected to be 16.3 per- Herde, said: ‘‘Since there is no clear that funding is not enough to make up cent—the 10th highest in the Nation. path to recoup these losses, the hos- for the enormous losses that are being Yet the Republican leader says there is pitals are left with no choice but to faced by State and local governments no sense of urgency in moving on this look at their own operations to cut as across the United States. These Gov- measure that was considered by the much cost as they possibly can.’’ ernors, these mayors, these leaders House of Representatives and passed The University of Kentucky is pro- have a sense of urgency in making up last week. jecting a $160 million loss for its this revenue. They face the reality of The IRS has sent out almost 2 mil- healthcare system. It has furloughed cutbacks in police, firefighters, first lion economic impact payments to that 1,500 employees. Jenny Stuart Health responders, paramedics, nurses, doc- State of Kentucky, worth more than $3 in Hopkinsville, KY, has furloughed 248 tors, and teachers. billion, helping families put food on staff members. Appalachian Regional The HEROES Act which passed the the table and pay their rent and their Health in Lexington will furlough 500 House of Representatives last week and mortgage. employees. St. Claire Health in More- which has not been considered this When you take a look at that eco- head is furloughing 300. Pikeville Med- week in the Senate included $875 bil- nomic impact payment, understand ical Center has furloughed 200. lion in fiscal relief for State and local- that the measure that passed the Is there a sense of urgency in these ities to help cover the shortfall to House, which we did not bring to the communities, when many of these hos- make sure communities can continue floor this week in the U.S. Senate, pitals are the largest employers in to pay frontline essential workers. calls for $1,200 more for each adult and town and hundreds of people are being Understand the deadlines that were $1,200 for each child. Do families need furloughed because of the COVID virus, built into the CARES Act. The first it in Illinois? You bet they do. because of the fact that they cannot re- deadline is June 8. That is the date by Even though it was originally pro- sume ordinary hospital operations with which small businesses that borrowed posed by President Trump, politics had this shadow of infection hanging over money under the payroll protection nothing to do with the support that it them? part of that act need to have spent the received from both political parties— The bill that passed the House of money in order to have the loan for- the support that this measure that just Representatives last week, which we given—June 8. passed the House should receive from

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.003 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2515 both parties here in the Senate as well. ROES Act that passed the House of that tracks all the lawsuits filed in There is a sense of urgency when it Representatives. America based on COVID–19. Senator comes to these cash payments to peo- Three weeks have ended here on the MCCONNELL has cited this tracking. ple who are struggling to make ends floor of the Senate, and, but for a few That tracker updated its numbers as of meet. The bill that passed the House speeches on this floor, if you read the yesterday. It reported that out of 1.5 includes a second round of these crit- record of legislative activity, you million confirmed COVID–19 cases and ical payments and makes sure that we would wonder if the leaders in the Sen- 90,000 deaths, there have been 2—2— extend the unemployment benefits be- ate even realize we are facing a pan- COVID–19 medical malpractice cases yond the end of July. demic. We have spent our time on nom- filed in the United States in over 1,000 According to the Kentucky Center ination after nomination. We have complaints that have been filed and 26 for Economic Policy, tens of thousands spent our time in hearings on friends cases alleging workplace exposure to of Kentuckians have lost their health and those who pass political muster COVID–19. The Senator from Kentucky insurance as a result of this pandemic. who want lifetime appointments to the has called this a tidal wave of lawsuits, What a moment in life to lose your Federal court. But somehow we have a windfall for trial lawyers—2 cases of health insurance—in the midst of a managed to miss the biggest story in medical malpractice and 26 cases for pandemic, with people facing hos- America—the pandemic. workplace exposure? pitalizations, treatment in and out of I would say to Senator MCCONNELL The other cases that mention the hospital and in some cases ICUs, to and the Republican leadership: We have COVID–19 relate to prisoners in prisons think that you would be without wasted an opportunity—a 3-week op- and jails, who are questioning whether health insurance? portunity—to move forward, and we their rights are being violated because The measure that passed the House have particularly wasted this week of the health circumstances in the pris- of Representatives last week, which when we could have taken up the meas- ons. There are lawsuits against insur- was not brought to the floor by the Re- ure that passed the House of Rep- ance companies as to whether the pol- publicans this week in the Senate, in- resentatives last week. icy covers a business that has suffered cludes a provision to ensure that peo- Are we prepared to negotiate a com- losses because of the COVID virus. ple who have lost their health insur- promise? Of course we are. We have There have been lawsuits as well be- ance as a result of becoming unem- done that every time we have brought tween businesses as to responsibility ployed can remain on their employer up a measure related to the pandemic. for it. But this notion of a tidal wave of healthcare plan without paying any It should be bipartisan in the end. But lawsuits being filed—2 medical mal- premiums. In other words, we want to to say it is ‘‘dead on arrival’’ and there practice cases across the United States make sure that people have health in- is no sense of urgency among the Re- of America and 26 workplace exposure surance rather than lose it. Was that publicans in the Senate to take up this cases. brought up this week for debate and measure is to ignore the obvious. Keep in mind that if you do get sick consideration in the Senate? No. No, it Whether it is $1,200 payments to Amer- and you want to file a lawsuit, a good wasn’t. Is it a matter of urgency if you ican citizens who are struggling to get lawyer will advise you: Be careful. are facing the loss of health insurance by, whether it is an increased period of Proving where you were infected is not in the middle of this coronavirus epi- time for qualification to receive unem- an easy thing. And they also look at demic? Of course it is. ployment insurance, whether it is the standard of conduct of the business The Paycheck Protection Program loans to small businesses so they can or individual who could be the defend- still has funding left in it to provide survive, these are the urgent needs of ant. Did they act reasonably? We had a hearing in the Senate Judi- some loans, but businesses have to America. spend the money within 8 weeks of re- When we have hospitals furloughing ciary Committee last week on liability ceiving the loan or it won’t be forgiven. employees in Illinois, in Kentucky, and during the COVID–19 pandemic. I have Many small business owners across the around the Nation, we run the risk of quoted this before, but it is worth re- United States are facing a June 8 dead- losing these great hospitals that are peating. One of the witnesses called by line, struggling to spend the money due needed for the future. the Republicans was a very good man, to the fact that they still haven’t been Is it urgent that we take up this mat- very thoughtful. His name is Kevin able to open their doors. ter? Of course it is. Yet this week we Smartt, and he is the chief executive The HEROES Act, which passed the have done nothing, zero, when it comes officer and president of Kwik Chek House of Representatives and was not to this measure. Foods in Bonham, TX. He went through brought up for consideration in the We are going to leave now for the Me- a litany of things that he had done in Senate this week, which it could have morial Day week, which means it will his workplace to make it safer, not just been, would extend the deadline an ad- be about 2 weeks before we return. I for his employees but also for the cus- ditional 16 weeks, providing small busi- can just about guarantee that the tomers who came in. It was impressive. nesses 24 weeks to spend the money sense of urgency across America will be If the statements he made to us were they were loaned by the SBA, and it palpable at that time. The question is accurate—and I believe they were—he would authorize the Paycheck Protec- whether there will be a sense of ur- is doing his part to try to make his tion Program through the end of the gency felt by the Republican leader workplace safer. year to ensure that we can continue to from the State of Kentucky. Here is what he said: help small businesses through this dif- The other day, my friend and col- This was a challenge because the guidance provided by the CDC, the Occupational Safe- league from Texas, Senator CORNYN, ficult time. ty and Health Administration, as well as Is there a sense of urgency in small came to the floor, as he has before, to state and local governments, often conflicted businesses in my State to extend this discuss the issue of liability and immu- with one another in addition to being vague period that you can spend the money nity as part of the conversation on the and difficult to follow. Yet, despite many un- as a small business and have your loan next measure of relief and rescue for certainties, including the constantly fluc- forgiven? Of course there is a sense of our economy. tuating public health guidelines, we began to urgency in Illinois, in North Carolina, For weeks, Senator MCCONNELL and adjust to the pandemic. in Georgia, and in Kentucky—across Senator CORNYN have said that unless The point I am making—and I see our the United States. Why the Senate Re- Congress gives broad legal immunity to Democratic leader on the floor; I am publican leader does not feel a sense of corporations, they would block emer- going to wrap it up quickly—the point urgency on this measure, which ulti- gency aid to help States and local gov- I am making is this: We should estab- mately ends on June 30, is beyond me. ernments avoid massive layoffs of po- lish reasonable standards through the I have heard from farmers across my licemen, firefighters, and teachers. The Centers for Disease Control and OSHA State who are struggling to survive, logic behind this position is hard to so that conscientious businesses can in asking for help. I have heard from the fathom. good faith know what needs to be done Census Bureau about the need to push There has been no flood of COVID–19 to protect their employees and their back its response deadline to October lawsuits. There is a website maintained customers. When they follow those 31—measures also included in the HE- by the law firm Hunton Andrews Kurth guidelines, I believe they have absolved

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.005 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2516 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 themselves of liability. They certainly the other side have said that more re- the family of the President’s political have a valid defense to any claims of lief just isn’t necessary. rival. Senate Republicans aren’t debat- wrongdoing. But this notion that The Republican leader rejected legis- ing measures to increase testing. They comes before us on the floor from the lation from the House of Representa- are turning Senate committee rooms Republican side goes to an extreme— tives before the bill was even drafted— into the studio of ‘‘FOX & Friends.’’ asking for government immunity from a knee-jerk partisan response at a time Senate Republicans are not just ignor- the conduct of businesses in the midst when we should be working together to ing the coronavirus. They are prac- of this pandemic without holding them help our suffering constituents. For the tically sprinting toward a partisan to any standards. We are still waiting life of me, I don’t know why it has been election, making this Chamber part of for an explanation. Why would we so difficult to get our friends on the a reelection campaign—not what it was allow the workplace to be more dan- other side to focus on the ongoing na- ever intended to be by the Founding gerous for employees? Why would we tional crisis, and it appears that the Fathers or anyone else, until this fever allow the business place to be more lack of focus, the lack of urgency, and to bow down to President Trump’s wild dangerous for customers? the lack of compassion from the Re- conspiracy theories that has overtaken If the owner is willing to live up to publican majority are about to get just about every Senate Republican. reasonable standards established based even worse. Here is what Chairman GRAHAM said on science and health, in my mind, Today, in the Homeland Security about his ‘‘investigation’’ yesterday. that is a good defense, and that is the Committee, the Republican chairman Here is what he said: way it should be. To do otherwise is to has convened a hearing that slanders I want to get all the information out there. give a green light to businesses that the family of the President’s political I want to do it before the election. don’t follow standards, endangering opponent. Believe it or not, this power- Well, there is a Republican intention their workers, their employees. It ful Senate committee, with broad ju- right there—‘‘do it before the elec- means more people are going to get in- risdiction over so many aspects of the tion.’’ fected and sick in America—the last government’s response to the ongoing Leader MCCONNELL says that Repub- thing we need. pandemic, is prioritizing yet another licans have not felt the urgency yet to I yield the floor. attempt to smear Vice President act on the coronavirus, but it sure RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY LEADER Biden. The committee could be holding sounds like there is some urgency to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The a hearing today with the FEMA Ad- get these phony investigations going Democratic leader is recognized. ministrator to discuss disaster assist- before November. A fever is raging in CORONAVIRUS ance. But, no, the highest priority of the conspiracy caucus. They are wor- Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, Senate Republicans lies in promoting ried about the outcome of the election. first I want to thank my friend and col- conspiracy theories that have already They are worried that President league, the senior Senator from the been discredited on numerous occa- Trump—they know—has done a very State of Illinois. He is always on the sions—conspiracy theories, which, by poor job in dealing with this crisis. So money, pushing this country to do the way, are known to be part of Rus- they turn to wild conspiracy theories what its better angels recommend, and sian disinformation campaigns. Our and turn the Senate, which should be I hope America listens to his floor Republican majority is using Russian debating and discussing coronavirus re- speech today and every day because propaganda to try to damage a polit- lief, into sort of a partisan sham Cham- what he is doing would make America ical opponent. Is that a disgrace? Is ber. It is disgraceful. a better, stronger, more unified, more that a disgrace? Now, Leader MCCONNELL gave a humane, and more compassionate The Republican chairman is pressing lengthy speech on the floor of the Sen- place. forward, without Members even receiv- ate yesterday giving cover to many of As the COVID–19 pandemic continues ing a briefing from the intelligence the President’s crackpot theories about to inflict our country, businesses are community. Even more shameful, the what transpired in 2016. I will just say suffering, families are struggling to company my colleague from Wisconsin this: Leader MCCONNELL reportedly wa- pay the rent, millions of Americans are wants to subpoena is cooperating with tered down a bipartisan warning about filing for unemployment every single the committee in providing documents. Russian interference in the fall of 2016. week, and tens of thousands of Ameri- It appears this subpoena is just for He stalled for years on election secu- cans are dying. show—a way to create the false impres- rity funding, and still, to this day, is Every aspect of American society has sion of wrongdoing. It is like in a Third blocking election security funding. If been changed by this crisis—except, World dictatorship, a show trial with Leader MCCONNELL wants to look back perhaps, the Republican Senate. Here no basis in fact, with no due process, at the history of Russian interference it is business as usual. and with no reality. in the 2016 election, he should look in Leader MCCONNELL has spent 3 weeks Not to be outdone, the Republican the mirror. He might not like the way of the Senate’s time largely on nomi- chairman of the Judiciary Committee his own role is viewed. nations, only one of whom is directly has asked members of his committee to The American people should be just related to COVID–19. There is not one consider subpoenas related to yet an- furious with Washington Republicans, bill on the floor of the Senate having other conspiracy theory pushed by and so many are—more and more every to do with COVID in the entire month President Trump—a theory that at- day. Americans are waiting in modern- of May. The leader has put none on the tempts to rewrite the history of Rus- day breadlines, jammed into municipal floor. sian interference in the 2016 election to buildings, and cars snaked around Democrats have had to relentlessly match the fiction in President Trump’s parking lots and city blocks. It is so pressure our colleagues to hold even head. It seems Republicans want to sad to look at these pictures. Doctors the most routine and needed oversight dive into the deepest muck of right- and nurses and other caregivers have hearings on the coronavirus. wing conspiracy to invent scapegoats been working nonstop to save Amer- Coronavirus is raging, and people are for the President to use in his reelec- ican lives, often without the proper upset about how the administration is tion campaign. equipment. Millions of American work- implementing it. We don’t have hear- The conspiracy caucus is back. It ers are sitting at home, having lost ings until we push, push, push for reared its ugly head in December and their jobs, through no fault of their them, and then they happen few, far has been on a simmer ever since. Now own, dreading the day the next rent between, and too late. it is boiling over once again, shame- payment comes due. Here in Wash- It would be one thing if the Repub- fully, in the middle of a public health ington, Senate Republicans feel no ur- lican majority were doing this other crisis and an economic disaster that re- gency to help these Americans. They business while negotiating with Demo- quire all of us to focus on the problems are too busy touting conspiracy theo- crats on the next phase of emergency at hand. ries and electioneering for the Presi- relief, but Republicans are not negoti- Senate Republicans aren’t drafting dent. ating about the next phase of emer- legislation to help the unemployed. Speaking of the President, he was gency relief. Many of my colleagues on They are holding sham hearings about here yesterday on the Capitol to have

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.006 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2517 lunch with Senate Republicans. They is the main reason that schools and nications Commission, under Chairman had a giant pep rally. They got all fired colleges have been able to continue Pai, rolled back these heavyhanded up to do nothing. That was the conclu- teaching students. regulations. sion. On the way out of the Capitol, the It has drastically expanded nascent Second, the United States still has President was asked about the fact services, like telehealth, which has al- more work to do to deploy the infra- that the United States leads the world lowed doctors and other medical pro- structure necessary for 5G. While 4G in confirmed cases of coronavirus, and fessionals to provide patient care re- relies on traditional cell phone towers, here is what President Trump said— motely. 5G technology will also require small amazingly. Listen to this. Asked about With all of this new internet traffic, antennas called ‘‘small cells’’ that can leading the world in confirmed cases of of course, has come a much greater often be attached to existing infra- coronavirus, the President said: load on networks. Not all countries’ structure, like utility poles or build- I don’t look at that as a bad thing. I look networks have held up to the strain. In ings. at that in a certain respect as being a good Europe, networks have had to slow Last year, I introduced legislation, thing because it means our testing is much streaming and ask providers like the STREAMLINE Act, to make it better. . . . So I view it as a badge of honor. Netflix to diminish the quality of their easier for companies to deploy these Really? First of all, our testing is not videos. small cells so that we can get the infra- much better. States are struggling to Here in the United States, our net- structure in place for 5G technology. get people tested due to confusion and works have faced very few problems, We also need to update Federal regula- a lack of national leadership. Many ex- and there is a reason for that. Europe tions to ensure that it doesn’t take perts believe we are far short on what and the United States have very dif- months or years to get permits for we need on testing. None of these ex- ferent regulatory regimes for the inter- wireless infrastructure. perts, who actually understands the net. In Europe, the internet has been Infrastructure is a key part of the 5G testing and this virus, would say the regulated using outdated communica- equation. The other key part is spec- President deserves a badge of honor for tions rules designed for telephone mo- trum. Like all internet technology, 5G his work. But even more galling is the nopolies. This has resulted in heavy- relies on radio spectrum—what we idea that lots of cases of coronavirus is handed regulation, which has discour- commonly call the airwaves. Radio ‘‘a good thing.’’ That is what the Presi- aged companies from investing in com- spectrum is divided into bands—low dent said: Having lots of cases of munications infrastructure and band, mid band, and high band. 5G will coronavirus is ‘‘a good thing.’’ broadband expansion. rely upon all three. A lot of cases is not ‘‘a good thing,’’ The resulting lack of reliable infra- The United States has done a good Mr. President. It means people are sick structure is the primary reason inter- job freeing up high-band spectrum for and people are dying. A lot of cases net performance in Europe has suffered 5G, but we still need to free up more means more Americans are in the hos- during the pandemic. The regulatory mid-band spectrum to see full-scale 55 pital, more Americans in ICU strug- situation in the United States, on the deployment. gling to breathe on ventilators. A lot of other hand, has been much different. In 2018, Congress passed my MOBILE cases means Americans will die as a re- With a few exceptions, like the brief NOW Act, which helped lay the ground- sult of the virus that has already imposition of so-called net neutrality work for freeing up more mid-band claimed the lives of nearly 100,000. A regulations in 2015, our country has spectrum. lot of cases means a lot more Ameri- taken a light-touch approach to inter- This past November, Senator WICKER cans are seriously ill. Mr. President, net regulation. and I introduced the 5G Spectrum Act that is not ‘‘a good thing.’’ Even your This has encouraged companies to in- to require the Federal Communications mind, which seems so warped at times, vest in the latest communications in- Commission to free up a critical por- cannot really believe that. frastructure and new technologies to tion of mid-band spectrum, commonly There is no ‘‘honor’’ in leading the make more efficient use of spectrum. referred to as the C-band for 5G use. world in the number of people infected Thanks to that investment, when While Congress did not enact our leg- with coronavirus. For the United coronavirus hit and internet usage islation at the end of February, the States to have 1.5 million cases is noth- soared, American networks were ready. Federal Communications Commission ing to celebrate. It is something to be Despite the additional burden on net- announced that it would adopt a frame- ashamed of. Calling it a ‘‘badge of works during the pandemic, Americans work similar to that outlined in our honor’’ isn’t just wrong, it is sick, and have been able to enjoy the same high bill to make 280 megahertz of C-band it is an insult to every American fam- speeds and streaming quality that they spectrum available for 5G. ily who loses a loved one to this evil typically enjoy. Right now, most Finally, we need to ensure that we disease. Americans are using 4G networks. have the workforce in place to handle I yield the floor. The next generation of internet, 5G, the demands of installing and main- I suggest the absence of a quorum. is here. 5G networks are starting to be taining 5G technology. It is estimated The PRESIDING OFFICER. The deployed, including in my home State that deploying the necessary infra- clerk will call the roll. of South Dakota. If we want the United structure for 5G will create approxi- The senior assistant legislative clerk States to handle 5G the way that we mately 50,000 new construction jobs proceeded to call the roll. handled 4G and if we want our 5G net- each year over the build-out period, Mr. THUNE. Madam President, I ask works to be as successful as our 4G net- and that is just for construction. unanimous consent that the order for works, we still have some work to do. Right now, there simply aren’t the quorum call be rescinded, and I ask One thing that is absolutely essential enough workers with the necessary unanimous consent that I be able to is maintaining the light-touch regu- training to meet the needs of nation- conclude my remarks before the 11 latory approach that has produced so wide 5G. Earlier this year, I introduced o’clock vote. much U.S. investment and innovation. the Telecommunications Skilled Work- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Despite the success of light-touch regu- force Act. My bill would help to in- objection, it is so ordered. lation, there is always a segment of the crease the number of workers enrolled 5G Democratic Party pushing for greater in 5G training programs and identify Mr. THUNE. Madam President, the government regulation of the internet, ways to grow the telecommunications internet has been a part of our daily and that would chill American workforce to meet the demands of 5G. lives for quite a while now: Netflix, broadband investment. The coronavirus has shown us the re- Twitter, and Amazon. The internet has When Democrats briefly succeeded in sult of robust investment in 4G infra- taken on new importance during the forcing through heavier government structure and spectrum—strong net- coronavirus pandemic. It has become regulations in the latter part of the works that can handle steep surge in the main source of connection with Obama Presidency, broadband infra- internet traffic. We need to make sure friends and family. It has enabled structure investment by U.S. compa- that we are putting in the necessary many people to work from home to nies dropped significantly, and it only work and investment to ensure that help reduce the spread of the virus. It rebounded when the Federal Commu- our 5G networks are just as strong.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.007 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2518 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 The 5G future is here. Let’s make viders, and nursing homes, much of The legislative clerk read as follows: sure that the United States is ready. which hasn’t been spent yet. Of course CLOTURE MOTION CORONAVIRUS we have the Paycheck Protection Pro- We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- Madam President, before we vote gram, which we are burning through ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the here in just a few minutes, I want to fairly quickly but hasn’t run out of Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby just make a couple of remarks with re- funding yet either. As I said, those are move to bring to a close debate on the nomi- spect to coronavirus legislation. We all the things—the almost $3 trillion— nation of Anna M. Manasco, of Alabama, to have heard some of our colleagues on that have been disbursed and distrib- be United States District Judge for the the Democrat side come down here and uted already to address this crisis. Northern District of Alabama. What Democrats did last week in the Mitch McConnell, Chuck Grassley, Joni attack Republicans for not wanting to Ernst, John Barrasso, Deb Fischer, do more legislation and more spending, House of Representatives is that they John Cornyn, Roger F. Wicker, Roy which is, as they know, completely not came in with a philosophical, ideolog- Blunt, John Thune, Rob Portman, accurate. Republicans are prepared to ical wish list—a fantasy, if you will—of Shelley Moore Capito, Steve Daines, do whatever it takes to help America all of the things they would like to get Lindsey Graham, Pat Roberts, Cindy recover from the coronavirus effects done, very few of which actually deal Hyde-Smith, Richard Burr, Mike and to deal with the health emergency, with the crisis at hand, so much so Crapo. which is why we have invested tens of that their bill—1,800 pages long, $3 tril- The PRESIDING OFFICER. By unan- billions of dollars in vaccines and lion in new spending, again, without imous consent, the mandatory quorum antiviral therapeutics and testing—all knowing what the effect is of dollars call has been waived. the things that are necessary to get already spent or what the need is out The question is, Is it the sense of the this healthcare crisis dealt with in a there for additional spending—included Senate that debate on the nomination way that would allow Americans the things like funding for studies on di- of Anna M. Manasco, of Alabama, to be confidence to get back out in the econ- versity and inclusion in the marketing United States District Judge for the omy. of cannabis. Is that really something Northern District of Alabama, shall be Secondly, dealing with the economic that is relevant to fighting and bat- brought to a close? impacts, which have been many, the tling the coronavirus? They included in The yeas and nays are mandatory bills that we passed so far—we passed there tax increases for small busi- under the rule. four—and the combined amount of the nesses. The one tax cut they included The clerk will call the roll. spending in those four bills are almost in their bill dramatically cuts taxes for The legislative clerk called the roll. $3 trillion. It is focused on families, millionaires and billionaires. In fact, 56 Mr. THUNE. The following Senators getting direct assistance into the percent of that tax cut would go to the are necessarily absent: the Senator top 1 percent of wage earners in this hands of American families. It is fo- from Tennessee (Mr. ALEXANDER), the country. Those are the types of things cused on workers, keeping workers em- Senator from North Carolina (Mr. that were included in that bill. It real- ployed. This Paycheck Protection Pro- BURR), the Senator from Alaska (Ms. ly was an ideological wish list—noth- gram has clearly been one that has al- MURKOWSKI), and the Senator from ing more, nothing less, and nothing lowed a lot of small businesses to con- else. South Dakota (Mr. ROUNDS). tinue to operate and to continue to So for Democratic leaders to come Further, if present and voting, the keep their workers employed. It is fo- down here and suggest for a minute Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- cused on those who, through no fault of that what the House did somehow ANDER) would have voted ‘‘yea.’’ their own, have lost jobs, with a sig- ought to be something that the Senate Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the nificant plus-up in unemployment in- contemplates or considers doing here is Senator from Ohio (Mr. BROWN), the surance accounts, supported at the just completely missing the point of Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. MAR- State level but significantly increased what the American people need in this KEY), the Senator from Vermont (Mr. in terms of funding from the Federal crisis, and that is certainty. They need SANDERS), and the Senator from Rhode Government. to know that we are dealing with the Island (Mr. WHITEHOUSE) are nec- Of course, as I said earlier, it is fo- health emergency. They need to know essarily absent. cused very directly on those healthcare that there is going to be support there The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. professionals or healthcare workers on for our small businesses, for our work- SASSE). Are there any other Senators the frontlines, to make sure that they ers, for people who are unemployed, in the Chamber desiring to vote? have PPE and ventilators, all the and for our families. They need to The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 72, things not only to protect themselves know that we are committed to seeing nays 20, as follows: but to care for the patients whom they that we have the vaccines in place, the [Rollcall Vote No. 97 Ex.] are entrusted to care for. As I said be- therapeutics in place that will enable YEAS—72 fore, investing heavily in those things us to fight and win this battle against Baldwin Fischer Perdue will help us fight and win and beat the the coronavirus. That is what we ought Barrasso Gardner Peters coronavirus—the vaccines, the to be focused on, not this crazy wish Blackburn Graham Portman antiviral therapeutics, and the testing. list of things that the House, in a short Blunt Grassley Reed Those are all things that we have done Boozman Hassan Risch amount of time—24 hours—came in Braun Hawley Roberts already. here to vote on and, as I said earlier, Capito Hoeven Romney Now, what you saw last week was the much of which was focused on an agen- Cardin Hyde-Smith Rosen House of Representatives blow into da—a more permanent agenda—rather Carper Inhofe Rubio Casey Johnson Sasse town for a 24-hour period to pass a than the task at hand, which is ad- Cassidy Jones Scott (FL) massive $3 trillion bill filled up with dressing the crisis in front of us. Collins Kaine Scott (SC) all kinds of goodies in a gift bag for I hope my Democratic colleagues will Cornyn Kennedy Shaheen special interest groups that they care work with us in a constructive way and Cortez Masto King Shelby Cotton Lankford Sinema about but that have little to do with in a bipartisan way to deal with the Cramer Leahy Smith addressing the fundamental challenges very real challenges that are being Crapo Lee Sullivan facing this country with respect to the faced by the American people and not Cruz Loeffler Tester Daines Manchin Thune coronavirus. continue to come down here and advo- Duckworth McConnell Tillis I would argue that not only do they cate for an ideological wish list that, Durbin McSally Toomey not know what the need is but that one, can’t become law, and two, doesn’t Enzi Moran Warner many of the dollars we have already deal with the task at hand. Ernst Murphy Wicker pushed out are still in the pipeline and I yield the floor. Feinstein Paul Young haven’t been used. We don’t know what CLOTURE MOTION NAYS—20 our State and local governments need The PRESIDING OFFICER. Pursuant Bennet Coons Hirono in terms of revenue replacement, and to rule XXII, the Chair lays before the Blumenthal Gillibrand Klobuchar Booker Harris Menendez we have lots of dollars that are still Senate the pending cloture motion, Cantwell Heinrich Merkley going out to hospitals, healthcare pro- which the clerk will state.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:18 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.008 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2519 Murray Stabenow Warren coronavirus and the COVID–19. China issue press releases, and then we do Schatz Udall Wyden Schumer Van Hollen has responded by saying: We refuse to nothing. And where I come from, what buy any more of your products. Those you allow is what will continue. NOT VOTING—8 are just the facts. I have a bill. It is very simple. It says Alexander Markey Sanders Now, the managerial elites told us— to all the companies out there in the Brown Murkowski Whitehouse by that, I mean a lot of the entrenched Burr Rounds world, including but not limited to politicians, the deep thinkers of the China: If you want to list on an Amer- The PRESIDING OFFICER. On this world, the academics, many members ican exchange, you have to submit an vote, the yeas are 72, the nays 20. of the media, the bureaucrats, a lot of audit. SEC has the right to look at The motion is agreed to. the corporate phonies, the ones who that audit and audit the audit, and if The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- think they are smarter, more virtuous you refuse not once, not twice, but ator from Louisiana. than the rest of us in America. They three times—if over a 3-year period, f told us: Oh, you are wrong about China. each of those 3 years, the company HOLDING FOREIGN COMPANIES Be patient with China. Be patient with says ‘‘You cannot audit my audit,’’ ACCOUNTABLE ACT them. Free enterprise will change then they can no longer be listed on China. the American exchanges. It is very, Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I China has changed free enterprise, very simple. would like to talk for a few minutes and China is on a glidepath to domi- Once again, I tried to be very fair in about China. nance. And do you know what the Con- this bill, as did my coauthor, Senator China, as you know, is a wonderful gress has done about it? Nothing. Zero. CHRIS VAN HOLLEN. We spent a lot of country. It has about 1.4, 1.5 billion Zilch. Nada. time on this. We don’t want to be un- people. A lot of times, you see reported Let me say it again. I love the people fair to Chinese companies. We are not that there are only 1.2 billion, but they of China. I am talking about the Chi- changing the rules; they have just been are a lot bigger than that. America nese Communist Party. And I do not— ignoring the rules. We are saying: only has about 320, 330 million folks. I do not want to get into a new Cold Look, we are not going to give you just By land size, it is about the same size War. All I want and I think all the rest one chance; we are going to give you as the United States. A lot of people of us want is for China to play by the three chances. think they are the biggest country by rules. If a Chinese company or any other land in the world, but actually Russia Let me give an example. Every com- company ignores the SEC request, is. Canada is No. 2, and China is prob- pany in the world that goes public what they can do to all the other com- ably No. 3 by land size, but we are both would like to list on U.S. stock ex- panies in the world—that is, audit close. changes—the over-the-counter market, their audits—if you ignore the SEC for I love visiting China. The few times I the S&P, the New York Stock Ex- 3 years, then you have to take your have been there, the people of China change. We are very efficient. We are business somewhere else. were just wonderful people—very inter- excruciatingly transparent. We like in- Do you know whom that is going to esting, very smart, very hard-working, vestors throughout the world to know help the most? The investors of Amer- very aspirational. I say this because what they are buying. We require com- ica and the investors of the world. when I talk today about China, I want panies to disclose. And I think our SEC Most of the companies that are pub- you and my colleagues in the Senate to does an extraordinarily able job. I lic companies I believe tell the truth, understand that I am not talking about think Chairman Jay Clayton has just but some of them don’t, and this is the people of China. The people of been a rock star. hard-earned money that people are in- China are good people; the Chinese We have a rule that if you list on our vesting. Communist Party, not so much. exchanges, you have to file periodic re- The name of our bill—Senator CHRIS I really regret having to say this. I ports. Once again, we want investors to VAN HOLLEN is the coauthor—is the would not turn my back on the Chinese understand what they are investing in. Holding Foreign Companies Account- Communist Party if they were 2 days And those reports have to be accurate, able Act, and, as I just explained, it is dead. I don’t want to have a Cold War or you get in a lot of trouble. One of very simple. with China. I would rather see us work the things, for example, in one of these Mr. President, as in legislative ses- together for the common good of the reports that companies have to file is sion, I ask unanimous consent that the planet Earth, and we have tried, but an annual audit, but we take it a step Committee on Banking, Housing, and that hasn’t worked out real well. further in the United States. There is a Urban Affairs be discharged from fur- We admitted China to the World Board within the SEC called the Public ther consideration of S. 945 and the Trade Organization on December 11, Company Accounting Oversight Board, Senate proceed to its immediate con- 2001. It wasn’t just our decision, but PCAOB. Really, all that Board does—I sideration. you know better than I do that China say ‘‘all’’; it is important—that Board The PRESIDING OFFICER. The wouldn’t have been admitted to the inspects the audits that the companies clerk will report the bill by title. WTO without our support. So we file, not because they think the compa- The bill clerk read as follows: agreed—December 11, 2001. China start- nies are cheating, although some do. ed cheating December 12. They steal A bill (S. 945) to amend the Sarbanes-Oxley But it is like when we play poker with Act of 2002 to require certain issuers to dis- our intellectual property—not just friends. I play poker with friends. They close to the Securities and Exchange Com- ours but everyone else’s in the world. are my friends, but I cut the cards mission information regarding foreign juris- They steal the world’s intellectual every single time. And that is what our dictions that prevent the Public Company property. They substantially subsidize SEC does through this Board. They Accounting Oversight Board from per- their state-owned companies, so other say: We are going to double check your forming inspections under that Act, and for companies throughout the world that audits. Everybody has to comply with other purposes. don’t get state subsidies can’t compete that rule—American companies, Brit- There being no objection, the com- with them. For years, they manipu- ish companies, Malaysian companies, mittee was discharged, and the Senate lated their currency. They are trying Turkmenistan companies—except one: proceeded to consider the bill. to control the sea lanes of the world. Chinese companies. They just say: No. Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I ask They started in the South China Sea. They just say: No, we are not going to unanimous consent that the Kennedy They are seizing islands that don’t be- do it. And you know what we do about substitute amendment at the desk be long to them. The next step is, they it? Nothing. Zero. Zilch. Nada. considered and agreed to; the bill, as will try to militarize space. They have This is not a 2- or 3-month phe- amended, be considered read a third used their economic power as a weap- nomenon. This has gone on for years time and passed; and that the motion on. and years and years, and all of us in to reconsider be considered made and Our friends and allies in Australia the executive branch and, yes, in Con- laid upon the table. have asked some very reasonable ques- gress, we huff and we puff and we strut The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tions about the origins of the around and we hold hearings and we objection, it is so ordered.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.003 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2520 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 The amendment (No. 1589) was agreed trading that is commonly referred to as the ing, was read the third time, and to as follows: ‘over-the-counter’ trading of securities. passed. ‘‘(D) REMOVAL OF SUBSEQUENT PROHIBI- (Purpose: In the nature of a substitute) Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I sug- TION.—If, after the end of the 5-year period Strike all after the enacting clause and in- gest the absence of a quorum. beginning on the date on which the Commis- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The sert the following: sion imposes a prohibition on a covered SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. issuer under subparagraph (C), the covered clerk will call the roll. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Holding For- issuer certifies to the Commission that the The bill clerk proceeded to call the eign Companies Accountable Act’’. covered issuer will retain a registered public roll. SEC. 2. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT. accounting firm that the Board is able to in- f spect under this section, the Commission Section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of EXECUTIVE CALENDAR—Continued 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214) is amended by adding at shall end that prohibition. the end the following: ‘‘(4) RULES.—Not later than 90 days after Mr. SASSE. Mr. President, I ask ‘‘(i) DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURIS- the date of enactment of this subsection, the unanimous consent that the order for DICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.— Commission shall issue rules that establish the quorum call be rescinded. the manner and form in which a covered ‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection— The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. KEN- ‘‘(A) the term ‘covered issuer’ means an issuer shall make a submission required under paragraph (2)(B).’’. NEDY). Without objection, it is so or- issuer that is required to file reports under dered. section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange SEC. 3. ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE. Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m, 78o(d)); and (a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— CHINA ‘‘(B) the term ‘non-inspection year’ means, (1) the term ‘‘audit report’’ has the mean- Mr. SASSE. Mr. President, I had not with respect to a covered issuer, a year— ing given the term in section 2(a) of the Sar- planned to make a floor speech right ‘‘(i) during which the Commission identi- banes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7201(a)); now, but I wanted to commend you on fies the covered issuer under paragraph (2)(A) (2) the term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Se- both your legislation and on an impor- with respect to every report described in sub- curities and Exchange Commission; (3) the term ‘‘covered form’’— tant point that I think you enumerated paragraph (A) filed by the covered issuer dur- both for this body and for the Ameri- ing that year; and (A) means— ‘‘(ii) that begins after the date of enact- (i) the form described in section 249.310 of cans watching. ment of this subsection. title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any First of all, good piece of legislation. ‘‘(2) DISCLOSURE TO COMMISSION.—The Com- successor regulation; and I supported it. I wanted it to move out mission shall— (ii) the form described in section 249.220f of of the Banking Committee and get to ‘‘(A) identify each covered issuer that, title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any the floor. It is important legislation. with respect to the preparation of the audit successor regulation; and Congratulations, and thanks for your report on the financial statement of the cov- (B) includes a form that— leadership. ered issuer that is included in a report de- (i) is the equivalent of, or substantially similar to, the form described in clause (i) or Second of all, as you began your scribed in paragraph (1)(A) filed by the cov- speech, you distinguished between the ered issuer, retains a registered public ac- (ii) of subparagraph (A); and counting firm that has a branch or office (ii) a foreign issuer files with the Commis- Chinese people and the Chinese Com- that— sion under the Securities Exchange Act of munist Party. I think many of us are ‘‘(i) is located in a foreign jurisdiction; and 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) or rules issued worried that the No. 1 long-term na- ‘‘(ii) the Board is unable to inspect or in- under that Act; tional security threat this country vestigate completely because of a position (4) the terms ‘‘covered issuer’’ and ‘‘non-in- faces is the technology race with the taken by an authority in the foreign juris- spection year’’ have the meanings given the Chinese Communist Party and the way diction described in clause (i), as determined terms in subsection (i)(1) of section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214), as that they use fake private sector com- by the Board; and panies to steal from U.S. public and ‘‘(B) require each covered issuer identified added by section 2 of this Act; and under subparagraph (A) to, in accordance (5) the term ‘‘foreign issuer’’ has the mean- private sector entities. with the rules issued by the Commission ing given the term in section 240.3b–4 of title When we talk about the problems— under paragraph (4), submit to the Commis- 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any suc- those of us who would consider our- sion documentation that establishes that the cessor regulation. selves China hawks—we regularly end covered issuer is not owned or controlled by (b) REQUIREMENT.—Each covered issuer up using a shorthand, ‘‘China,’’ when that is a foreign issuer and for which, during a governmental entity in the foreign juris- we have all spent a lot of time in the diction described in subparagraph (A)(i). a non-inspection year with respect to the covered issuer, a registered public account- SCIF and in private, and we know we ‘‘(3) TRADING PROHIBITION AFTER 3 YEARS OF mean the Chinese Communist Party, NON-INSPECTIONS.— ing firm described in subsection (i)(2)(A) of ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Commission de- section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 but we don’t always adequately qualify termines that a covered issuer has 3 consecu- (15 U.S.C. 7214), as added by section 2 of this that for people who may be entering tive non-inspection years, the Commission Act, has prepared an audit report shall dis- the debate or new to the debate or shall prohibit the securities of the covered close in each covered form filed by that looking to politicize the debate. issuer from being traded— issuer that covers such a non-inspection So I think it was very important, the year— ‘‘(i) on a national securities exchange; or points that you made that our enemy ‘‘(ii) through any other method that is (1) that, during the period covered by the covered form, such a registered public ac- here is not the 1.4 billion Chinese peo- within the jurisdiction of the Commission to ple; our opponent here is the Chinese regulate, including through the method of counting firm has prepared an audit report trading that is commonly referred to as the for the issuer; Communist Party, which is only about ‘over-the-counter’ trading of securities. (2) the percentage of the shares of the 90 million people—6 or 7 percent of the issuer owned by governmental entities in the ‘‘(B) REMOVAL OF INITIAL PROHIBITION.—If, population—and even a lot of those after the Commission imposes a prohibition foreign jurisdiction in which the issuer is in- people don’t actually believe Com- on a covered issuer under subparagraph (A), corporated or otherwise organized; munist propaganda and nonsense about (3) whether governmental entities in the the covered issuer certifies to the Commis- the fact that so many of their people sion that the covered issuer has retained a applicable foreign jurisdiction with respect to that registered public accounting firm and people beyond their borders are not registered public accounting firm that the perceived by the Chinese Communist Board has inspected under this section to the have a controlling financial interest with re- satisfaction of the Commission, the Commis- spect to the issuer; Party as actually having dignity. Some sion shall end that prohibition. (4) the name of each official of the Chinese people just join the party because they Communist Party who is a member of the ‘‘(C) RECURRENCE OF NON-INSPECTION need to for local reasons—to get ahead board of directors of— YEARS.—If, after the Commission ends a pro- or to maintain their property or their hibition under subparagraph (B) or (D) with (A) the issuer; or entities. respect to a covered issuer, the Commission (B) the operating entity with respect to the issuer; and So the Chinese Communist Party is a determines that the covered issuer has a tiny subset of what is happening in non-inspection year, the Commission shall (5) whether the articles of incorporation of the issuer (or equivalent organizing docu- China, and our battle, our fight, our prohibit the securities of the covered issuer problems are not with the Chinese peo- from being traded— ment) contains any charter of the Chinese ‘‘(i) on a national securities exchange; or Communist Party, including the text of any ple; they are with the Chinese Com- ‘‘(ii) through any other method that is such charter. munist Party. within the jurisdiction of the Commission to The bill (S. 945), as amended, was or- One of the ways I learned this lesson regulate, including through the method of dered to be engrossed for a third read- was by having used a shorthand for

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:18 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.014 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2521 Vladimir Putin a few times in the past, they have been squeezed on both sides Congress: ‘‘In times like the present, and I said ‘‘Russia’’ when I meant of the ledger, spending billions of dol- men should utter nothing for which ‘‘Vladimir Putin.’’ lars in unforeseen costs on emergency they would not willingly be responsible I think the American people stand in- response while watching as revenues through time and eternity.’’ terested not just in the future of the dry up due to necessary stay-at-home I believe that history will look kind- Chinese people but also of the Russian orders and the closure of non-essential ly upon those who stood for unity and people, and both these countries are led businesses. compromise over demagoguery, those by some really bad actors. The emergency protective measures who put the well-being of the country One time I made a speech here on the have been effective at flattening the over scoring partisan points, those who floor about some of the terrible things curve and have no doubt saved thou- stuck out their necks and took a polit- Vladimir Putin was doing to oppress sands of lives, but they also came with ical risk for no other reason than it his people and to meddle in our elec- a cost. All revenue sources are down. was the right thing to do. tion and other elections. Sales tax revenue has plummeted with I am proud of the bipartisan coalition After the speech, which I thought businesses closed. Highway trust funds we have built, and I want to thank covered the points I needed to cover, won’t have the resources to do basic each of my colleagues for their work Gary Kasparov, the former world chess road maintenance. Downtown parking and their commitment to rebuilding champion, came and said: Can I talk to meters are going empty due to people our communities—Senator CASSIDY, you? observing social distancing. Building who has led this effort with me, Sen- We went to lunch, and he said: If you permits and municipal court fees have ator HYDE-SMITH; Senator MANCHIN, actually want to fight against Vladi- fallen. Senator COLLINS, and my partner in mir Putin—because freedom-loving Unless we act soon, we will see mass New Jersey, Senator BOOKER. people in the United States and in Rus- layoffs, devastating tax increases, and With that, I turn to my friend from sia should be opposed to Vladimir a breakdown in public safety and essen- Louisiana, the distinguished Senator Putin—it would be helpful that you tial services. Already, the Bureau of who exemplifies these qualities and has not, in disparaging Vladimir Putin, say Labor Statistics reported that State been an incredible partner in crafting a whole bunch of bad stuff about the and local governments laid off 1 mil- this legislation and building this coali- word ‘‘Russia’’ and you accidentally— lion public employees in April. This tion over the past month. he said to me—referred to our problem challenge is true for every State, coun- Mr. CASSIDY. Madam President, I as ‘‘Russia’’ when you meant ‘‘Putin.’’ ty, city, and town in the country. thank Senator MENENDEZ and return I think I have learned that lesson The State Municipal Assistance for the compliment. We have worked with regard to Russia, but I think a lot Response and Transition, or SMART through a lot of issues to find a bill of us around here don’t always suffi- Act, is the bold, bipartisan, and com- that meets a valid, public purpose that ciently distinguish between China and monsense solution we need to give our can pass on a bipartisan basis in both the Chinese Communist Party. communities a fighting chance and Chambers. I thank Senator MENENDEZ So I just wanted to affirm and under- stop the economy from free-falling. It for working with me on that. score your message—not just good leg- provides $500 billion in flexible Federal The title of this bill is the ‘‘SMART islation that is good for Americans, is dollars that will help our communities Act,’’ but in retrospect, I wish we had good for investors in the United States dramatically expand the testing capac- renamed it ‘‘the Thin Blue Line Act’’ and abroad, is good for a level playing ity and contact tracing we need to con- because this is about helping cities and field, but as we oppose the bad actions tain the virus—a necessary step in re- States preserve essential services such of the Chinese Communist Party—their storing consumer confidence and to re- as police, fire, and education for the re- intellectual property theft and their start the economy. It will help stave opening of our economy. manipulation of currency and numbers off massive layoffs, tax hikes, and deep, Let’s just kind of review. The Federal and public health data and on and on painful cuts to essential services. It Government asked that State and local and on—our opponent is not the Chi- will keep our police officers, fire- governments shut down their economy nese people, and we should say that fighters, public health workers, teach- in order to control the coronavirus, both so the American people under- ers, and other essential employees on and just like those small businesses stand it and so that the Chinese people the job during this critical time, be- closed at the behest of the government understand it. So I commend you on cause it is not just about defeating authority, so did State and local gov- the way you introduced your legisla- COVID–19; we still need to keep our ernments close, if you will, at the be- tion today. streets safe, our children learning, the hest of the Federal authority. But I suggest the absence of a quorum. trash picked up, the roads maintained, what that did is it devastated the tax The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. and the buses and trains running on basis. MCSALLY). The clerk will call the roll. time. Moody’s, which Senator MENENDEZ The bill clerk proceeded to call the I hear some of my colleagues speak already alluded to, the independent roll. from this floor, calling not for unity agency that looks at the finances of Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam President, I but for division. They callously ignore cities and States, has said that if your ask unanimous consent that the order the pleas for help from their fellow State is dependent upon income tax, for the quorum call be rescinded. Americans, comforted by the selfish upon sales tax, upon tourism, and upon The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without but mistaken belief that their commu- proceeds from energy, you have been objection, it is so ordered. nities are immune to the fiscal Arma- hammered. Your tax base has fallen Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam President, I geddon facing our communities. Let dramatically, and with the dramatic rise today to engage in a colloquy with me be clear. When your revenues drop fall of that tax base comes a dramatic Senators CASSIDY, COLLINS, and my fel- 30 percent overnight, it really doesn’t fall in the ability to support the thin low Senator from New Jersey, Senator matter how fiscally responsible or con- blue line—the educators, the fire- BOOKER, and I ask unanimous consent servative your State budget is; no one fighters, the you name it, the essential that they be acknowledged in that can prepare for that. services that are essential to the re- order and that they be allowed to com- Moody’s just reported that States opening of our economy when we come plete their remarks. like Ohio and Arizona are facing the out the backside of this epidemic. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without fiscal shock of losing 20 percent of Now, it has already happened. objection, it is so ordered. their entire budget, and West Virginia, Moody’s predicts that 3 million of SMART ACT 40 percent. This is not a red State or these essential workers will be laid off. Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam President, blue State issue; this is a red, white, I am told that 1 million already have as our Nation grapples with the and blue issue. It is an American pri- been. You can read about universities COVID–19 pandemic, our State, county, ority. laying people off, but let’s go back to and municipal governments have been In December of 1862, during the the thin blue line. on the frontlines taking a leading role height of the Civil War, President Lin- The city of Shreveport, LA, just put in responding to this crisis. As a result, coln wrote the following message to out a budget in which there is a $20

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:18 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.015 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2522 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 million hit to their city budget overall, out at the end of the calendar year. Ob- revenues are from income and sales and $3.9 million was, unfortunately, viously, at the end of this calendar taxes. They have plummeted. Gas tax laid upon law enforcement and 54 posi- year is almost beyond the fiscal year revenues have tanked. These projected tions eliminated. for most States, and so that would shortfalls threaten vital State and Now, I am told that some Federal place the dollars at the State’s disposal local services. dollars came through and allowed the for the next fiscal year. In that way, One in six Mainers is employed in the restoration of some of those positions, we cover this prolonged period that public sector. These are the individuals which, if you will, is a proof in concept Moody’s says that State and local gov- who keep our communities and our that if there is help from the Federal ernments will be out. citizens safe: the police officers, the taxpayer to the State and local tax- There is one more concern, and that firefighters, the EMS personnel. They payer—because they are one in the is whether or not all this money will go provide healthcare and education. They same—then, these essential services to a Governor’s office and none will go maintain our roads and our bridges. can be preserved. And we know that if to counties or parishes or municipali- When I visited the Orono Fire De- those police positions are preserved, ties in Louisiana. One-third of the dol- partment recently to deliver some then, that downtown in Shreveport is lars will go directly to municipalities much needed masks, the town manager more likely to safely reopen for com- and counties—those local governments told me that the decline in excise taxes merce. that are on the forefront of providing has been devastating for this town. Now, we talked about Moody’s pre- services to those who are being affected Maine communities tell me that they dicting loss of revenue. Louisiana is by the coronavirus epidemic. will have no choice but to either in- predicted to lose 45 percent of its rev- We think we have something which crease property taxes, at the worst pos- enue, but there are other States af- balances the needs of stakeholders—the sible time for working families, or fected. New Jersey, Maine, Florida, most important stakeholder being the eliminate first responder jobs and slash Oklahoma, Michigan, Idaho, Alaska, American citizen—that both addresses education funding if they do not re- Arizona, and Illinois are all predicted the need for fiscal accountability and ceive help. to lose large sums of tax revenue. the need to preserve those essential The SMART Act would help to avoid So let me speak specifically about government services to get our econ- the worst of these consequences by pro- the SMART Act, or, again, as I call it, omy going once more. viding $500 billion in Federal relief to the ‘‘Thin Blue Line’’ bill. It is a rea- Again, I am going to ask all of my State, local, and Tribal governments. sonable, bipartisan, ‘‘this is how we go colleagues to support the ‘‘Thin Blue Unlike the CARES Act, where only big forward’’ bill in both Chambers. We Line’’ bill, otherwise known as the cities were eligible for assistance, picked $500 billion. Some would say: SMART Act. I think it is a smart way under our bill every county and every Well, that is too much. Actually, that to go forward to make sure we don’t community would be eligible for fund- was the amount of money that Moody’s slip into a recession, but we return ing. Maine would receive at least $2 bil- predicts State and local governments with as robust an economy from this lion, including about $330 million for will lack over the next year and a half. crisis as when we entered the crisis. counties and $330 million for commu- So we actually kind of nail where the With that, I will yield to my col- nities. And the $1.25 billion that we al- independent agency puts the need for league from Maine. ready appropriated for assistance to our State and our local government, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- State governments under the CARES and it is targeted. ator from Maine. Act would be made much more flexible One, there has been a lot of concern Ms. COLLINS. Madam President, I so it could be used to offset these dra- that this would be used to ‘‘bail out am pleased to be a cosponsor of the matic revenue shortfalls. States,’’ that those who have accumu- SMART Act, and I want to commend The fallout from the coronavirus is lated a large, unfunded accrued liabil- Senator MENENDEZ and Senator CAS- unprecedented. Congress has a tremen- ity in their pension funds would use SIDY for their tremendous leadership. dous responsibility to help mitigate that money to support those pension Our bill would help offset the collapse the impact of this crisis on our States funds. We specifically do not allow of State and local revenues resulting and our local communities and on the that. So if that is somebody’s political from the COVID–19 pandemic. families they serve. We must not wait. concern, that has been addressed. The coronavirus has already claimed We should act now. What do we do? Well, first, a third of the lives of more than 90,000 Ameri- Thank you. the dollars can go out now because it is cans. As the virus damages our health The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- based upon population. This recognizes and deprives us of our loved ones, it ator from New Jersey. that if California has 31 million people has also devastated our communities Mr. BOOKER. Madam President, I and Wyoming has 500,000, there needs and our economy. thank Senators CASSIDY and MENENDEZ to be some accommodation for just the As of last week, nearly 20 percent of for leading on this extraordinary bill population size because, inevitably, Maine’s total civilian workforce had and the broad bipartisan support that that is going to influence the total filed for unemployment. The tourism it has. need. sector has been particularly hard hit, I know Senator MENENDEZ and I have The next third will go out at the end and this is so important to my State. both been mayors in our communities, of June, based upon how hard a State But the fact is that no industrial sec- and when there is no crisis, we know was hit in terms of health from the tor has been immune from this disease. intimately the challenges that so many coronavirus. So if your State was Restaurants and hotels in southern of our public servants face. In times slammed from coronavirus—Louisiana Maine face uncertainty, not knowing when we do not see pandemics, our fire- was, New Jersey was, and other States when or even if they will ever reopen. fighters put their lives on the line, our have been—then, that is where you get As a result of having to cancel non- police officers put their lives on the the help. essential surgeries, many hospitals are line, and our teachers extraordinarily Frankly, it is unfortunate that you struggling to stay open. Lobstermen work above and beyond the call of are getting the help. It would be a lot and fishermen have lost major mar- duty. Indeed, our communities are better if your State had not been im- kets. Potato farmers may be unable to strong because of these dedicated pub- pacted, but if it has been impacted, it sell more than $22 million worth of lic workers. is there to support your State through their 2019 crop. The motor coach indus- At a time of crisis, we see that our the health aspect of this crisis. try has been devastated. In short, teachers are rising to the challenge, The last third will go out at end of working families and communities working to keep their students en- this calendar year. That is based upon across the State of Maine have been hit gaged, even though they are now miles the financial hit that your State has hard. apart. I hear stories of teachers riding taken. So if your State’s tax base has Moody’s forecasts that Maine may around, going out to visit students, been decreased by 45 percent, then, you face one of the worst impacts in the en- keeping their distance but ensuring would get additional dollars in the tire country in terms of lost revenues. that the students get the support they third tranche of money, which comes Eighty-five percent of Maine’s State need.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.016 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2523 Our firefighters are out there now, State should go bankrupt because we their jobs or homes, to keep our air- putting their lives even more at a risk, in the Federal Government refuse to ports running, and to help our commu- putting themselves on the line to help support them. No essential public nities respond and serve in this chal- their communities. worker should lose their job because of lenging moment. Police officers are answering calls this crisis and because Congress was The action Congress took has helped without hesitation, despite the great not stepping up to lead through it. to meet immediate challenges, but it is risk that puts on them and their fami- There is no time to waste. As was clear the pandemic has caused signifi- lies when they go home. said by my colleague, we have folks in cant human suffering and staggering So many of our other public servants my State who are putting together economic losses. are working diligently to keep our their budgets right now. As we heard In the last 2 months, I have heard communities running, to keep our from my colleague from Louisiana, from hundreds suffering the effects of States strong to meet a crisis, and to they are already accounting for the this outbreak and the response: first try to help folks stay healthy and stay need to make cuts. We have already responders, doctors, and nurses on the safe. Without hesitation, across New seen hundreds of thousands of public frontline, small business owners and Jersey—across all of our 50 States—we workers being laid off. The delay has farmers who have seen the viability of are seeing more clearly the heroic ac- costs, and when you are talking about their businesses threatened, families tions of people who are leading in a first responders, the delays can have who have suffered job losses, children time of crisis. costs that are hard to imagine. who are out of school, and food banks But as was said by my colleagues, I encourage my colleagues to see this that have seen an unprecedented surge across the country, States are being as what it is. It is an accurately tai- in demand. hit by significantly declining revenues lored response. It is a bipartisan bill. It Before this pandemic, Americans and extraordinarily increasing costs. is what our Nation needs right now. I were enjoying a thriving economy, We are already seeing early projec- encourage my colleagues in the Senate with the lowest unemployment rate in tions, as discussed by my colleagues. to work to get this to the floor so that 50 years. Under the leadership of the Even independent rating agencies like we can vote on it, pass it, and get it Trump administration, more families Moody’s are talking about hundreds of through Congress to the President’s were on their way to living the Amer- billions of dollars in deficits for our desk, so we can avoid the storm that ican dream. Then, in late March, the State and local governments. we are in and, ultimately, overcome day after the Senate passed the CARES My own Governor has estimated New the severity of its ravages. Act, we learned that a record 3.3 mil- Jersey’s protracted gap caused by The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lion workers had applied for initial un- those declining revenues—those ex- ator from Georgia. employment benefits in a single week. tremely rising costs—to be somewhere Mrs. LOEFFLER. Madam President, The total is now a staggering 36.5 mil- between $20 and $30 billion. I ask unanimous consent to complete lion Americans who filed initial jobless Due to these shortfalls, without im- my remarks before the 12:30 p.m. vote. claims. This is more than the combined mediate action from Congress, State The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without populations of Georgia, Pennsylvania, and local governments will be forced to objection, it is so ordered. and Ohio. make deep cuts to public services, in- U.S.A. RISE In my State, more than one in three cluding laying off folks who are not Mrs. LOEFFLER. Madam President, Georgians have lost their jobs. Watch- just essential in word but who often 8 weeks ago today, the Senate passed ing this unfold, despite the relief of the make the difference between life and the CARES Act, an unprecedented $2.2 CARES Act, I recognize that it is time death, safety or crisis in our commu- trillion package of legislation aimed at to look beyond the immediate response nities. These would be the workers who providing relief as our country took and to focus on our recovery. As a would be laid off at a time when we steps to respond to the threat of member of the President’s Opening Up need them the most. COVID–19. America Again Congressional Group, I Not only do we need these vital pub- Previously, we passed legislation to am putting my nearly three decades of lic servants on the job, protecting our expand free access to testing and paid experience in building companies and communities, educating our kids, and leave, accelerate vaccines and treat- creating jobs and opportunities to supporting our neighbors, but cuts like ments, and to support the Federal work for Georgians. With my experi- these actually will aggravate and deep- agencies leading our pandemic re- ence and the conversations I have had en the overall economic crisis facing sponse. with Georgians, I developed a U.S.A. our country. Independent rating agen- The CARES Act was designed to sup- Restoring and Igniting the Strength of cies and others say that cuts like these port the health of our citizens and the Our Economy plan—or U.S.A. Rise—to will actually prolong our economic cri- economy. It included direct payments bring back our thriving economy. The sis and the time needed for recovery. to American families, grants to hos- four pillars of the plan are Made in the This is not the time for half measures. pitals, and the Paycheck Protection U.S.A., Grown in the U.S.A., Hiring in This is the time to act at the scale that Program—forgivable loans to small the U.S.A., and Families in the U.S.A. the crisis demands. businesses to keep their employees on I started to introduce legislative pro- The Federal Government needs to be the payroll. The program was so suc- posals based on this four-pillar frame- providing a robust, accurately tailored cessful that a month later, Congress work that incentivize companies to in- response to this crisis by funding our approved the additional $310 billion for vest in America, to grow jobs, and to State and local governments in a way PPP loans, $75 billion for hospitals, and help families. that prioritizes those areas that have $25 billion for testing. I would like to highlight one of those been hit the hardest. The SMART Act Georgia hospitals have received over pillars today, Families in the U.S.A. does exactly that. It is a bipartisan $1.7 billion, including at least $328 mil- First, we mourn the loss of those to bill. It is thoughtful. It is tailored nar- lion for our rural businesses under the COVID–19. The toll of this has dev- rowly to fit this crisis. CARES Act. astated thousands of families. It is also The SMART Act is a commonsense I worked to include provisions in the clear that with economic damage approach that will make sure that the CARES Act to expand rural health and comes societal damage. Our country help is going to where it is needed telehealth program. Our State has re- needed to take dramatic actions to most—to our hardest hit communities ceived more than $800,000 from these flatten the curve, but those steps and States—and to help ensure that programs. They are helping Georgians meant most Americans were confined those workers whom we hail with our across our State stay connected with to their homes. This meant work from words—firefighters, police officers, and their doctors from the safety of their home, school from home, but also, in teachers—we support with our actions, own homes. too many instances, lost jobs, isola- as well, for they are out there right In addition, our State and local gov- tion, depression, suicide, and domestic, now supporting us. ernments have received $5.8 billion to substance, and child abuse. No State should go bankrupt fighting help schools adjust to online learning, It is timely that May is Mental this virus, because of this virus. No to provide assistance for those who lost Health Awareness Month. In a recent

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.019 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2524 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 Atlanta Journal-Constitution op-ed, thousands of meals each week to help be United States District Judge for the Eve Byrd and Jennifer Olsen of the out needy families. Northern, Eastern and Western Districts of Cardinal Center wrote: ‘‘Isolation is That is why last week I introduced Oklahoma. one of the cruelest components of the legislation, the Limiting Infant Fatal- Mitch McConnell, Chuck Grassley, Joni Ernst, John Barrasso, Deb Fischer, outbreak.’’ ity and Empowering Nonprofit Organi- John Cornyn, Roger F. Wicker, Roy Last week, I spoke with the head of a zation Workforces Act, or LIFE NOW Blunt, John Thune, Rob Portman, mental health treatment facility in Act. It allows larger nonprofits access Shelley Moore Capito, Steve Daines, Georgia. They are seeing a significant to the Paycheck Protection Program Lindsey Graham, Pat Roberts, Cindy spike in those reaching out for help. loans. These loans will help them keep Hyde-Smith, Richard Burr, Mike The waitlist is growing, and the de- their doors open and continue to serve Crapo. mand for help is rising rapidly. An their communities while ensuring that The PRESIDING OFFICER. By unan- emergency hotline run by the Sub- no taxpayer dollars go to abortion pro- imous consent, the mandatory quorum stance Abuse and Mental Services Ad- viders. call has been waived. ministration in HHS saw a 1,000-per- Yesterday, I introduced the Working The question is, Is it the sense of the cent increase in calls in just 1 month. Families Childcare Access Act. This Senate that debate on the nomination That was this April compared to last will give more working families more of John F. Heil III, of Oklahoma, to be April. flexibility by allowing parents to con- United States District Judge for the I have spoken with local law enforce- tribute more to their employer-spon- Northern, Eastern and Western Dis- ment officials who have seen a serious sored dependent care cafeteria flexible tricts of Oklahoma, shall be brought to spike in domestic abuse calls. The na- spending account, or FSA. If a family close? tionwide Crisis Text Line has seen a 78- doesn’t use all their funds in 1 year, The yeas and nays are mandatory percent increase in texts related to do- any leftover funds can be rolled over to under the rule. mestic violence across our country. the following year. This will help fami- The clerk will call the roll. The millions of Americans who have lies make plans for childcare as they The senior assistant legislative clerk lost their jobs or their businesses are begin to go back to work. called the roll. suffering. I am continuing to work on addi- Tiffany, a mother of three from Col- tional legislation to provide families Mr. THUNE. The following Senators lege Park, GA, was furloughed from her with targeted relief—for example, a bill are necessarily absent: the Senator steady job stocking store shelves. She to codify the Trump administration from Tennessee (Mr. ALEXANDER), the said: ‘‘It is very overwhelming when regulations to help Americans who re- Senator from North Carolina (Mr. you have rent, when you have children cently lost their jobs and their health BURR), the Senator from Alaska (Ms. to take care of.’’ When a parent loses insurance. The Trump administration MURKOWSKI), and the Senator from their job, they lose much more. They expanded short-term, limited-duration South Dakota (Mr. ROUNDS). lose their ability to put food on the health insurance plans after President Further, if present and voting, the table, to pay rent, and the uncertainty Obama substantially restricted those Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- grows for children. It is vital to help plans just 2 months before he left of- ANDER) would have voted ‘‘yea.’’ families weather this crisis. fice. These plans had previously been Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the We know that Americans who have a available for nearly 20 years. They are Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. MAR- steady paycheck are more likely to an affordable option for Americans who KEY), the Senator from Vermont (Mr. have stable, secure families, and chil- are in between jobs or who have been SANDERS), the Senator from Massachu- dren from stable families are more laid off. setts (Ms. WARREN), and the Senator likely to do well in school. That is why The dramatic economic numbers from Rhode Island (Mr. WHITEHOUSE) I have designed the USA RISE Plan as alone do not convey the full cost of are necessarily absent. an economic framework that takes the this pandemic—the futures impacted, The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. human cost of the coronavirus into ac- the isolation, domestic abuse, sub- LOEFFLER). Are there any other Sen- count. Helping families and job cre- stance abuse, and suicide. As our coun- ators in the Chamber desiring to vote? ation today will allow parents to get try begins to look forward amid the The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 76, back to work and reduce the fallout coronavirus pandemic, we must sup- nays 16, as follows: from this pandemic from permanently port job growth and families to build [Rollcall Vote No. 98 Ex.] impacting an entire generation. strong futures. Importantly, this does not mean we In the coming weeks, I will introduce YEAS—76 should expand the grip of the Federal additional bills as part of the USA Baldwin Fischer Peters Government. An American Enterprise Barrasso Gardner Portman RISE Plan aimed at incentivizing man- Bennet Graham Reed Institute report on achieving the ufacturing in the United States, help- Blackburn Grassley Risch American dream, released just a few ing our farmers and small business Blunt Hassan Roberts weeks ago, states: owners, and to ensure that America is Boozman Hawley Romney Braun Heinrich Rosen The power of community has become all the best place in the world to do busi- Capito Hoeven Rubio Cardin Hyde-Smith the more poignant as we retreated more to ness. Sasse Carper Inhofe isolated lives required by social distancing. While I continue to do all I can to Scott (FL) Casey Johnson Oftentimes, local institutions and neighbor- fight COVID–19, I will also continue to Scott (SC) hoods have a greater influence on economic Cassidy Jones do all I can to help Georgia families Collins Kaine Shaheen outcomes than what is occurring at the Fed- and employers recover and prosper. Coons Kennedy Shelby eral level. Sinema I yield the floor. Cornyn King Being in Washington working on be- Cortez Masto Lankford Smith f Cotton Leahy Sullivan half of our State, I see that local im- Cramer Lee Tester pact firsthand. Often, these organiza- CLOTURE MOTION Crapo Loeffler Thune tions are at the heart of our commu- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. ROM- Cruz Manchin Tillis nities. It is where people turn for help, Daines McConnell Toomey NEY). Pursuant to rule XXII, the Chair Duckworth McSally Udall for a sense of belonging. lays before the Senate the pending clo- Durbin Moran Warner Churches and other nonprofits are ture motion, which the clerk will state. Enzi Murphy Wicker doing amazing work during this very Ernst Paul Young The senior assistant legislative clerk Feinstein Perdue difficult time. They have been pro- read as follows: NAYS—16 viding childcare, meals, and other sup- CLOTURE MOTION port for family and children. For exam- We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- Blumenthal Hirono Schumer Booker Klobuchar ple, YMCAs are the largest provider of ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the Stabenow Brown Menendez Van Hollen childcare in Georgia. Many have Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby Cantwell Merkley Wyden stepped up to provide childcare for es- move to bring to a close debate on the nomi- Gillibrand Murray sential workers. They are providing nation of John F. Heil III, of Oklahoma, to Harris Schatz

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.021 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2525 NOT VOTING—8 And they are well on their way. For destinies. Important sectors were pro- Alexander Murkowski Warren decades now, China has bent and tected, capital flows controlled, and Burr Rounds Whitehouse abused and broken the rules of the workers had a place to rise. Markey Sanders international economic system to its But when the Soviet Union fell, am- The PRESIDING OFFICER. On this own benefit. They have stolen our in- bitious policymakers in this country vote the yeas are 76, the nays are 16. tellectual property and forced our com- and other Western nations saw the op- The motion is agreed to. panies to transfer sensitive trade se- portunity to create something new, f crets and technology. They have ma- something in the spirit of Woodrow EXECUTIVE CALENDAR nipulated their currency and cheated Wilson, a dream to remake the world. time and again on their trade commit- These Western leaders wanted a truly The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ments. They have been complicit in the global economy, one that would in- clerk will report the nomination. The senior assistant legislative clerk trafficking of persons and relied on the clude all nations, like-minded or not, read the nomination of John F. Heil forced labor of religious minorities. to be governed by multilateral institu- III, of Oklahoma, to be United States America has suffered. Since Beijing tions rather than nation-states, to op- District Judge for the Northern, East- won most favored nation status and erate by a single set of rules, to pro- ern and Western Districts of Okla- joined the World Trade Organization in mote the flow of goods and capital homa. 2001, we have lost over 3 million jobs to across borders. They wanted a single The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- China. During the past two decades, as liberal market to support a single lib- ator from Missouri is recognized. we fought war after war in the Middle eral international order, one that was CHINA East, the Chinese Government system- supposed to bring peace in our time. Mr. HAWLEY. Madam President, we atically built its military on the backs Well, that peace never arrived. Instead, have come to the middle hour of our of the American middle class. Oh, we these new Wilsonians embroiled the struggle against this epidemic, against were promised that things would be dif- United States in conflict after conflict, a disease unleashed on the world by the ferent. We were told that giving China war after war for decades, and the new failures and falsehoods of a government access to our markets and allowing global market they championed in Beijing. This epidemic has brought them power in the WTO would reform flatlined the wages of American work- devastation in its wake—lost jobs, lost their behavior and it would make them ers and shifted American industry lives, fear, and isolation. It is shaking more liberal. We were told it would be overseas, all while multinational cor- old institutions and challenging old good for America and good for the porations reaped the gains. ways. world. One of the Wilsonians’ new institu- The international order, as we have Well, the only nation it was good for tions particularly typified these known it for 30 years, is breaking. Now was China, and we cannot afford inac- trends. I am talking about the World imperialist China seeks to remake the tion any longer. The threat of China to Trade Organization. It was established world in its own image and to bend the the free world grows by the day. If the in 1995 as a successor to the Cold War- global economy to its own will, and we coronavirus pandemic doesn’t make era General Agreement on Tariffs and face a moment of truth. Will we acqui- that clear, nothing will. What should Trade. The idea was for the WTO to esce? Are we, in this Nation, willing to be equally clear is that the United help harmonize trading rules the world witness the slow undoing of the free States must now reform the global over and have the teeth to enforce world? Are we willing to watch our own economy itself to rebuild our strength them. way of life, our own liberties and liveli- and prevent China’s bid for domina- The WTO would have its own court— hoods grow dependent on the policy of tion. I was part of the design—a dispute res- Beijing? The economy has become the prin- olution body that would interpret Already, we hear a chorus of voices cipal arena for the great power contest trade agreements and settle the dif- telling us that America must accept a in this new century. Economic policy is ferences between nations over trade. narrower future. We must live with now security policy, and China under- The effect was to take trade disputes slower economic growth. We must ex- stands that. China has integrated its out of the hands of elected national pect lower wages. We must accommo- economic and security strategies for leaders and commit them to the con- date ourselves to the rise of China. the last two decades, systematically trol of international lawyers in Gene- Well, I, for one, am not willing to set- weaponizing the institutions and proce- va. tle for less. I am not willing to see blue dures of the global economy for its own It worked in the sense that the collar workers go without work for benefit. WTO’s court increasingly set trade pol- months or years on end as their jobs It is the United States that has been icy for the world. The old system, the are shipped overseas. I am not willing slow to respond. Now we must recog- GATT, had allowed for national policy to watch wages flatline and fall. I am nize that the economic system de- needs to come first—our workers and not willing to see families struggle for signed by Western policymakers at the our industries—but the WTO reversed food and middle-class neighborhoods end of the Cold War does not serve our these priorities. Now global concerns disappear, and neither are the Amer- purposes in this new era, and it does reigned supreme, which meant the pri- ican people. not meet our needs in this new day. orities of multinational corporations The Nation that sent a man to the And we should admit that multiple of and global capital. Moon and defeated German and Soviet its founding premises were in error. Not surprisingly, the WTO lawyers oppression in the space of 50 years will The economic system over the last 30 have not been kind to America. The not be content to take second place to years—it is nothing sacred. It is not in- WTO’s dispute resolution process has the imperialists in Beijing. We will not evitable. It was a choice, and now we systematically disfavored the United be content with a small future. Now, as have the power to choose again, to States—a complaint that Presidents of in times past, this Nation must again choose differently, and for the better. both parties have made for years. The take control of our own destiny and You know, it didn’t start out this United States has lost 90 percent of the lead the free world to a better day. way. Decades ago, in the aftermath of cases brought against it, hurting indus- The free nations again confront a the Second World War, the United tries across the Nation, from steel- common threat. The Chinese Com- States and its allies created a series of workers in the Rust Belt to cotton munist Party is a menace to all free economic partnerships and institutions farmers in States like mine. peoples. It seeks nothing less than that aimed to strengthen the free Meanwhile, the WTO dispute resolu- domination. It wants nothing less than world and check Soviet expansion. tion body has systematically expanded word power. This is China’s policy: to These agreements encouraged partner- its own jurisdiction, going beyond the control Asia and to rule the Pacific. ship and trade among free nations as text of the actual trade agreements From there, the Chinese Government sovereign equals. Trade in commerce and citing itself as authority. wants to spread its influence to Africa, did increase and barriers did come That is not all. The WTO permitted to Europe, to South America—a master down, but nations remained in control China to claim special status as a de- of home and abroad. of their own economies and their own veloping country from the moment

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.002 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 China entered the organization even We in America cannot compromise would serve as a powerful counter- though China was already the sixth our sovereign right to protect the weight to China’s expanding Belt and richest nation in the world by GDP in American people and their livelihoods, Road Initiative, and it would boost de- the year 2000. China jealously guards so we must replace an empire of law- mand for our products, raising wages that sweetheart deal even today, allow- yers with the confederation of truly and creating good jobs along the way. ing it to defer its obligations, to skirt mutual trade. Mutual trade will re- Here again, our aim must be to build the rules we follow, and to continue to quire a new approach to dispute resolu- networks of strong partners able to amass power at our expense. tion, one that will offer nations flexi- stand tall against Chinese aggression I could go on. bility and choice, allow countries to while strengthening our workers and The WTO places strict limits on the litigate trade disputes like a private fostering our industries. support we can provide our farmers and contract, through third-party arbitra- A new departure is upon us whether ranchers, even as other nations refuse tion chosen by the parties on a case-by- we like it or not. The old order is giv- to comply with WTO rulings in favor of case basis, with ground rules agreed ing way. The future need not be lim- our producers. upon by both sides and subject to revi- ited, however, not for this country. It is clear that the WTO is deeply sions as circumstances warrant, or This moment is full of promise if we flawed. The institution’s design makes allow countries to set up enforcement have the courage to lead. it nearly impossible to reform, as we procedures within the trade agree- We can build a future that looks be- saw during the failed go-around, and it ments themselves, like we have done in yond pandemic to prosperity—a pros- remains completely ill-equipped to deal our recent phase 1 negotiations with perity shared by all Americans, from the rural towns of our country to the with forced technology transfer and in- China. On either approach, choices over tellectual property theft like we have urban core. trade will be made and policies will be seen from China for decades. We can build a future that looks past set, as they should be, by elected lead- The American people get the idea. No a failed consensus to meet the national trade regime can last when it no longer ers who are accountable to the people, security needs of this new century. serves the people of the countries that not by a court sitting in Geneva. We can build a future that transcends But reform should not stop at trade. are part of it. The truth is, our inter- the narrow thinking of the Washington We must also think seriously about ests and those of the WTO diverged beltway and that gives confidence to what occurs upstream from trade, and many years ago. The WTO is a symbol American workers and to the commu- that means global capital. There is a of an economic order whose Wilsonian nities they call home. reason why Wall Street loves the sta- ambitions have cost this country dear- With a global economy that better tus quo. There is a reason why they ly, enabling and empowering the rise of suits our interests, that better protects an imperialist China. will object to leaving the WTO and re- our people, we can find the strength Now, American leadership is re- sist major reforms to our global eco- and purpose to counter the gravest quired—it is essential—to chart a new nomic order. That is because they are danger to American workers in a cen- course. This Nation has never been on a gravy train of foreign capital tury and to unleash again the promise content to linger in the rear while oth- flows that keep their checkbooks fat. of our unique and marvelous way of ers lead the way, and we will not begin But this foreign money pouring into life. now. We will lead. We will act. our country has a distorting effect. We To my colleagues in the Senate, I I call on this body to do its part by get asset bubbles that could spur reces- say: It is time to lead. taking a vote to withdraw from the sions, and our exporters have trouble Thank you. WTO. The agreement by which we selling abroad. Our farmers and pro- I yield the floor. joined that organization expressly af- ducers know this problem all too well. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- fords us this right. It commits to Con- So now we must work for new agree- ator from Iowa is recognized. gress—both Houses—the right to de- ments and better managed capital mar- POLITICAL PRISONERS bate the WTO’s workings and the right kets to stop currency manipulators and Mr. GRASSLEY. Madam President, I to vote to continue in the WTO or to to protect this Nation’s producers. By rise for two reasons: one, for a very withdraw. This is a right—it is our re- moderating these flows of foreign short comment on political prisoners sponsibility, really—that the Senate money, we can help give a much needed in foreign lands, and the other one on has never exercised since 1995, not one boost to our producers at home and fi- how the CARES Act is developing and time. We are past due. nally reverse our massive trade deficit the reaction to it. We should take up our responsibility with China and with the world. First of all, our country is now hope- and debate this issue critical to the fu- Finally, actions at home are only fully recovering from COVID–19, so I ture of our country, and we should vote part of the solution. Trade and current want to take this opportunity to ad- to leave. To begin a new era, we must policy, after all, are not made in a vac- dress the plight of an extremely vul- end the old. So let’s vote, and let it be uum. The world is changing, and if we nerable population—political prisoners a new beginning. Let the work begin in are to halt China’s bid for hegemony abroad. earnest to forge a new way forward. over the coming decades, we will need In Turkey, Syria, China, and a lot of Thinking of that future, I offer two to work with our allies and partners to other countries, political prisoners re- principles to guide our policy. do it. So it is in America’s interest to main locked away in crowded prisons First, as a member of the world econ- see that other free nations grow strong without adequate medical care. The omy, we must never privilege the pref- and that we are able to work together spread of COVID–19 among this popu- erences of other nations or multilat- to deter and defeat Chinese economic lation dramatically increases the risk eral institutions over the needs of our coercion. of serious medical consequences or own people and our own workers. As We benefit if countries that share our even death. the leader of the free world, we must opposition to Chinese imperialism— Authoritarian regimes only risk fur- empower other countries to resist Chi- countries like India, Japan, Vietnam, ther destabilization of their countries nese imperialism at every turn, wheth- Australia, and Taiwan—are economi- by jailing the innocent. Political pris- er on their own or standing together cally independent of China and stand- oners ought to be released, and they with us as a coalition. ing shoulder to shoulder with us. So we ought to be released now. To put these principles into action, should actively pursue new networks of HEROES ACT we must leave the WTO and construct mutual trade with key Asian and Euro- Madam President, at the beginning of a new trade system that helps the pean partners, like the economic pros- March, we worked to get ahead of the United States grow strong. This new perity network recently mentioned by COVID pandemic, and an amazing system should retain and deepen the Secretary Pompeo. thing happened. Congress came to- principle of reciprocity. It should en- We should offer partner nations new gether quickly and developed a broad courage cooperation and market access incentives to support the purchase of package of measures to provide relief but without compromising nations’ our products made here in America by to families, workers, and businesses to economic sovereignty and their inter- American workers. A new system of ex- weather the COVID–19 event and the nal control of their own economies. port financing and loan guarantees crisis that it is.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.024 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2527 Coronavirus aid, relief, and economic losses—or, as we call them in tax jar- nesses in recent years operate as pass- security—those words make up the gon, NOLs—just like Congress did in through entities. Pass-through busi- CARES Act—included a broad range of 2002 after 9/11, in 2005 for taxpayers af- nesses include some of those hardest tools: first, direct payments to individ- fected by Hurricane Katrina, and again hit by this pandemic we are in, like uals and families; second, it expanded in 2009 after the financial crisis. farmers, restaurants, manufacturers, unemployment insurance benefits for Those were actually bipartisan relief retailers, and healthcare providers. the unemployed; third, lending pro- efforts just like the CARES Act. These They employ over half of America’s grams for businesses of all sizes; and provisions are temporary. They are de- workers. Yet the Democrats want to fourth, targeted tax relief to help busi- signed to terminate after the recovery take them on. nesses continue operations and keep is in full force. It is critical that these businesses workers on the payroll. While it seems longer, you have to also survive this pandemic to ensure Our objective for the tax provisions remember the CARES Act was enacted that Americans have jobs to return to in the CARES Act was twofold: first, to just over 7 weeks ago. In that time, as it becomes safe to go back to work. help individuals, families, and busi- Treasury has distributed economic im- I have heard some critics even suggest nesses weather the storm caused by the pact payments far faster than ex- that allowing small businesses and stay-at-home governmental decisions, pected. Americans have received ap- pass-throughs to use their net oper- and second, lay as much of a founda- proximately 140 million economic im- ating losses is kind of a tax gimmick or tion as possible for restarting the econ- pact payments worth $249 billion. Over loophole. Apparently, they don’t under- omy once businesses could start to re- 4.3 million small businesses have been stand that these are real economic open and Americans could get back to approved for more than $500 billion of losses that businesses incur because work. loans under the Paycheck Protection there isn’t enough income to cover The CARES Act came together Program and businesses of all sizes payroll, rent, utilities, and other fixed through a bipartisan process, and that have started to use the tax tools that expenses. process took place over 8 short days we provided for their liquidity. The whole goal of the CARES Act is and ultimately and amazingly passed But in that time, the critics have to help businesses tap cash paid as the Senate 96 to 0 on March 25. The also done what they do best: They taxes in prior years when times were House passed it by a voice vote 2 days criticize. The media has seized on an very good, so that they can survive later, and President Trump signed it opportunity to perpetuate every nega- through this current crisis. When we into law that same day. tive story that critics can manufac- drafted the CARES Act, we didn’t pick As chairman of the Finance Com- ture. You can imagine my surprise winners and losers, and government mittee, my approach for tax relief was when Democrats criticized the net op- shouldn’t pick winners and losers. The to provide as much liquidity as possible erating loss carryback provisions in tools generally apply to all types and and as quickly as possible. For individ- the CARES Act. Oddly, Democrats pre- sizes of businesses, from farmers and uals, that meant providing the Treas- viously supported the last three bills, sole proprietorships to partnerships, to ury Department with authority to where we expanded the net operating LLCs and S corporations, to the large issue nearly $300 billion in economic loss carrybacks in 2002, 2005, and even corporations. They apply across all in- impact payments to families across the in 2009—in the last instance, with all- dustries, since nearly every sector is Nation. This economic impact payment Democratic rule. was $1,200 for an individual, $2,400 for a I don’t recall, in any of those in- bearing the burden of stay-at-home and couple, and $500 for each child. That stances, any partisan attacks from shutdown orders across our entire Na- went out in checks or direct deposit. It Democrats about this previously bipar- tion. Most importantly, we didn’t try to also meant giving individuals access to tisan, anti-recessionary policy tools. decide which jobs were more worthy of cash in retirement accounts, sus- So why now? Sadly, that irrespon- saving than other types of jobs. Our pending required distributions from re- sibility has led our Democratic col- tirement accounts already hit by steep leagues in the House to pass legislation goal was to help preserve as many jobs declines in the stock market, and giv- that would take back important tax as possible, regardless of whatever ing employers more flexibility to help tools that we have provided in the business they were in. Those objectives employees with student loan payments. CARES Act to the tune of $254 billion, were the right ones. Many of these tools are similar to and that is a tax increase on the Amer- This partisan tax increase also flies ones made available to help families ican businesses, and with more taxes, in the face of anti-recessionary fiscal recover from natural disasters in re- less employees. policy 101. Find me a credible econo- cent years. So we were not reinventing It is hard to understand how the mist who says that we should raise policy for this pandemic; we were mak- House Democrats think that this pol- taxes in a normal recession. It is just ing use of things we had already tried icy makes any sense. Imposing tax in- common sense not to. In a normal busi- before. Each of these changes I just creases when you have a downturn— ness cycle downturn, tax increases mentioned is a tool that can be imple- imposing a quarter of a trillion dollar hurt, rather than help, the recovery. mented very quickly to help families retroactive tax increase on businesses Why double down now, as the House is access the care they need to get in need of cash to restart their oper- doing, in the greatest and sharpest eco- through these difficult times. ations as States begin to lift shutdown nomic contraction in modern history? Going through the business tax relief orders—is a recipe for further disaster, The House Democrats have reverted measures, our approach was to modify as opposed to the disaster we are al- to partisan politics, as usual, in the existing provisions of the Tax Code, ready in. middle of the worst pandemic in more easing limits and restrictions so that It makes one think that House than 100 years and the worst economic businesses could apply for this help Democrats don’t want an economic re- crisis in nearly that long. Maybe, they easily and quickly. The key was for covery, at least until they can defeat should think about former President businesses to keep cash on hand if they President Trump. Imposing such a tax Obama’s support for this kind of anti- hadn’t already filed or give refunds to increase when the country is facing un- recessionary fiscal policy back in 2009. give them the liquidity to keep the employment levels not seen since the What former President Obama said doors open, the machinery running, Great Depression fails the common then should apply now: Don’t raise and most importantly, employees paid, sense test. taxes in a recession. at least to the greatest extent possible. It is even more disturbing to the ex- Nevertheless, I am hopeful that we Most of these tax measures have been tent that the House Democrats’ pro- can maintain the bipartisan spirit of employed in previous economic crises posal targets small businesses and the CARES Act in the Senate as we and natural disasters. Again, these other pass-through entities. Aren’t chart the next steps to reopen the policies were not reinventing the these losses just as real as larger cor- economy and get Americans back to wheel; we were taking advantage of porations and their need for liquidity work. things that had worked in the past. possibly even greater? While some businesses will feel the Particularly, we expanded the ability According to the Tax Foundation, impact of this pandemic more than of businesses to use net operating more than 90 percent of American busi- others, none of these businesses are

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.026 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2528 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 doing well. They all deserve as many as it searched for weapons in Baghdad, families and loved ones who also make tools as we can provide to weather this and he was just 23. It was the knock tremendous sacrifices, we appreciate storm. What is more, employers across that I gave on his mother’s door to tell you and we support you. Because of the the country who have been relying on her that her son would never be coming ongoing service of our military men the CARES Act shouldn’t be deterred back home. and women, we will defeat this virus. by the misguided tax hike proposed by Command SMA Marilyn Gabbard, the Folks, on this Memorial Day and dur- the House Democrats. The messaging first woman in the Iowa Army National ing Military Appreciation Month, I bill that the House just passed can’t be Guard to be promoted to the rank of pray we take time out of our lives, we allowed to undermine access to capital Command Sergeant Major, was killed pause, and we remember all of those needed to reopen their businesses, in Iraq in a Blackhawk helicopter who have made the ultimate sacrifice, bring back employees, and win back crash. and the families and the friends and the customers that made them success- These stories and many, many more loved ones whom they left behind. ful before the pandemic attack. of these men and women of Iowa are To all of our soldiers, airmen, ma- And to the Democratic critics, I say heartbreaking and heroic and the very rines, and sailors who never returned this: Let’s put away the partisan at- reason for Memorial Day. home, today we honor you. tacks. Let’s put away the political pan- For 23 years, I served alongside the May God bless our troops and their dering. Let’s keep working for the good best of our Nation, women and men families. of the country, so our families, busi- who risked absolutely everything to I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- nesses, and economy really can come preserve our great freedoms. One of the many ways I pay tribute is through a ator from Missouri. out of these tough times on a strong Mr. BLUNT. Mr. President, let me ruck march. Every couple of months— footing and with the best shot at a join my other colleagues in apprecia- rapid recovery. that is, until COVID–19—I would gather tion for Senator ERNST and her service I yield the floor. a group of people to go on a ruck in Iraqi Freedom, her two decades of The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. march. I grab my rucksack, filled with service, being ready and able to go PERDUE). The Senator from Iowa. nearly 35 pounds of weight, and march whenever she was called to go, and her Ms. ERNST. Mr. President, I ask down around the Washington Monu- continued service here, and her appre- unanimous consent to use my military ment and back. These marches offer ciation for those who serve, which she rucksack in my speech. time for us to remember and reflect on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without feels in such a unique way. the service and sacrifice of those in our She pointed out that this is a dif- objection, it is so ordered. armed services. ferent Memorial Day. Communities MEMORIAL DAY A couple of years ago, I went on the across Missouri and across the country Ms. ERNST. Mr. President, on Mon- Bataan Memorial Death March in have traditional events that were long day we honor the fallen on Memorial White Sands, NM. This is 26 miles. It is planned on Memorial Day. Every year, Day. While we traditionally spend this a marathon in the desert, with a 46- Memorial Day looks the same. It will day of remembrance with our family pound rucksack—not my typical 35 not look the same in very many places and friends, things will look a little bit pounds. Folks, let me tell you, it was this year. If you did have a parade or different this year. Even though we exhausting. My feet were blistered. My an event planned, it was probably can- will not have the same services and legs were swollen and sore, and my celed weeks ago. Even with the best of ceremonies that we typically take part back ached for days after. There were efforts, it was probably not put to- in, it does not make this day any less times during that march when I gether for Monday. important. Just like every year, on thought I couldn’t keep walking and I But it doesn’t mean that we still this Memorial Day, let’s commemorate was probably dehydrated, and I just don’t have an opportunity and an obli- the servicemembers and families who simply wanted to quit. But every gation, in fact, to remember those who have sacrificed in defense of our free- minute and every mile was worth it be- served. Also, Memorial Day has long dom. cause we were honoring the lives of the become a time, at least where I live, in The freedoms we cherish, which are fallen, those who were on that Bataan the middle of the country—and it may so often taken for granted, did not death march and others who had sac- be more southern and in southern Mis- come without a price. For generations, rificed family, comfort, health, and, in souri than in other places. Memorial American patriots have secured our so many cases, their lives. The Bataan Day really became a day to remember blessings of liberty by willingly laying march really put the meaning behind all of those who have gone before us, down their lives in defense of our great Memorial Day into focus. those who passed along values to us, Nation. While this weekend is a time to re- those who have done things that made Every fallen soldier leaves behind a flect on the sacrifice and lives lost, this life possible today. grieving parent, child, sibling, spouse, entire month is Military Appreciation When I was growing up, sometimes or friend. These family members and Month. So I want to take just a minute we called Memorial Day ‘‘Decoration friends never forget that knock at the to commend our servicemembers. Dur- Day,’’ because it was the beginning of door, the sound of Taps, the loud thun- ing this pandemic, our men and women the tradition of Memorial Day, and der of the 21-gun salute, or the touch of in uniform have fought tirelessly people would go and decorate the a folded flag once laid on a casket. against this invisible enemy, and they graves of soldiers after the Civil War. As a combat veteran who served in have been doing an outstanding job. That has continued. Memorial Day be- Operation Iraqi Freedom, I know that For instance, our troops have stepped came a time when families would go to the men and women in uniform who up to care for patients in hospitals and cemeteries, and you sort of had the served bravely alongside the fallen created deployable medical units, such genealogical lesson right there, as you never forget either. I think of Iowans, as the Air Force expeditionary medical walked from gravestone to gravestone, like Iraq War veteran Richard Miles, system, Army combat support hos- and it was explained to you how those whose picture I proudly display on my pitals and field hospitals, and Navy ex- people were related to you. desk; Iowa Army National Guardsman peditionary medical facilities. Mem- Many family members who were here Brent Maher. bers of our U.S. Air Force have trans- last year aren’t here today and will not Iowa National Guardsman James ported critical supplies around our Na- be here on Monday. Clearly, the Carney, whose family are dear friends, tion. coronavirus pandemic has had a dev- just 22 years old, was killed in Afghani- And the heroes who are near and dear astating impact on families. It has had stan. Army SGT James ‘‘Jamie’’ to my heart, our National Guardsmen, a devastating impact on communities. Skalberg, Jr, died in combat in Afghan- have been working around the clock to It has had a devastating impact on istan at just 25 years old, leaving be- disinfect public spaces, to hand out lives. hind his beautiful son, who was not food, and to provide transportation and As we support this Memorial Day, as even a year old when he lost his father. logistic support. we think about this Memorial Day, we SGT Joseph Milledge was killed when To all of our servicemembers at home will be remembering a unique Memo- a roadside bomb exploded near his unit, and abroad, thank you. And to their rial Day, where so many have given

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.027 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2529 their lives in a war that was different ERNST’s recounting not only of her the Vietnam war, the first Gulf war, or than other wars, to an enemy that was service but of the service of so many the ongoing fight against terrorism in not easily seen, to an enemy that Iowans, and Senator BLUNT, as well, the Middle East and in all of the con- turned out to be deadlier around the from Missouri, reminding me of what flicts that America has fought. world than any would have predicted. Memorial Day is for and how it is com- Many of our country’s servicemem- And that is part of Memorial Day this memorated around the country for bers have made the ultimate sacrifice year. those brave soldiers from Missouri. to keep our liberties intact. Part of Memorial Day is remem- So we are getting ready to com- I recently read a book called ‘‘No bering the sacrifices that people have memorate Memorial Day, and we will Surrender,’’ by Christopher Edmonds. made, and we also on this day want to be doing it differently than we have in You may have heard of it. It is the true remember the sacrifices that people the past years. But it is still just as story of his father, Roddie Edmonds, made to try to keep people alive with important for us to honor the brave who risked his life during the final this virus—the sacrifices people have men and women of the U.S. armed serv- days of World War II to save others made to try to give care, to bring peo- ices. They have selflessly served our from the Nazis. His heroic duty saved, ple out of the emergency room, to country by standing up to protect the I think, thousands of lives. He was cap- bring people off the ventilators, and to freedoms that we hold so dear and tured and sent to a POW camp in Ger- do those things. going into the line of fire in many many. He risked his life to prevent It is, in fact, a unique Memorial Day. ways. hundreds of others from Nazi persecu- It is a Memorial Day where, 75 years This Memorial Day is particularly tion and possible death, but at the ago, we were just finishing the incred- momentous because 2020 marks the same time he witnessed horrific acts ibly devastating war of World War II. 75th anniversary of the conclusion of and he also witnessed many, many of V-E Day ended the war in Europe on World War II. Earlier this month, on his fellow soldiers losing their lives in May 8. Seventy-five years ago right May 8, as Senator BLUNT mentioned, the name of freedom. now, American soldiers were fighting we recognized V-E Day, or Victory in The members of the U.S. military the Battle of Okinawa. Just 2 weeks be- Europe Day, marking the anniversary have always put our country first and fore that, our country and our allies of the Nazi surrender and the end of will continue to do so to keep our flag fought the fierce Battle of Iwo Jima. the Allies’ European campaign. flying high, and Roddie Edmonds was a These were really the two last major In a few months, on September 2, we perfect example of this. West Vir- battles. will recognize the 75th anniversary of ginians have always believed in putting One of the people who died on Iwo Japan’s signing its surrender, subse- our country and State first, and I am Jima was an 18-year-old marine from quently ending the Pacific campaign proud of all of the men and women in Bates County, MO, named George Phil- and the war. my State, of which we have a very high lips. On the night of March 14, an During World War II, the United percentage—past and present—who enemy hand grenade was tossed into States lost over 400,000 soldiers, who have answered the call of duty. the area where his squad had sought were fighting to uphold our values and It saddens me that we will not be shelter. Private Phillips shouted a defend the liberties of those abroad as able to come together in person, as we warning and threw his body on top of well. normally do as a nation, to honor the the grenade, saving the lives of every As the daughter of a proud World heroic efforts of the brave men and other person there, but gave his life to War II veteran myself, I had the chance women in our country who have given save theirs. to hear firsthand the acts of valor that the ultimate sacrifice in service, but I For his actions that day, he was my father, SGT Arch Moore, witnessed know we will come together in spirit. awarded the Medal of Honor. The cita- on the battlefield. While we might not have the usual pa- tion was signed by another former sol- I also had the honor this past Decem- rade and barbecues that we have be- dier from Missouri—President Tru- ber to travel with several of my col- come accustomed to on Memorial Day, man—honoring that bravery. leagues to Luxembourg and Belgium to we can use this time to reflect upon That kind of unhesitating bravery is commemorate the 75th anniversary of the sacrifices made by our Armed a characteristic of American soldiers the Battle of the Bulge. My dad was Forces and their families. over centuries of understanding what it wounded just weeks before the battle, Whether you are at home or with a meant to defend your family, to defend where he was, but his company went on small group of friends and family, I en- your friends, to defend those serving to fight in Belgium, and only 3 of the 36 courage everyone to take the time to with you, and, in the case of our coun- men made it out alive. I think about remember those who lost their lives try, to be willing to defend freedom, to those 33 men and their families on this serving our country. Memorial Day is be willing to jump on the grenade, to Memorial Day. often considered the first unofficial be willing to do what is necessary to Being able to attend those cere- day of the summer, but really it is a protect others. monies and to honor all of the soldiers time to pay tribute to those who made We have seen many examples of that who fought during the Battle of the America the great country that it is in the last year. Some of those exam- Bulge was a humbling experience that I today. On Monday, take a moment to ples were in the military. Others were will never forget, and those who re- pray for those servicemembers who in those who protect us and in first re- turned to commemorate that occasion, have lost their lives fighting for this sponders and police and fire, and then most of them were in their nineties— country and for their families as well. many examples of people who risked mid to late nineties. For the children who are out of school, their lives to save others with the virus The efforts of our servicemembers in take time to learn more about the men that has attacked our country. both the European and Pacific theaters and women who came before you and We have a lot to think about this Me- were great. defended this country and its values. morial Day, a lot to dedicate ourselves A couple of months ago we marked I want to say thank you to all of toward as we look to a future where the 75th anniversary of the Battle of those who have served and to all of people continue to help others, where Iwo Jima. I was hoping to go to com- those families who have lost loved people continue to give selflessly, and memorate that, as well, but the ones. Your sacrifice has not gone unno- for those who have served in the mili- coronavirus got in the way. The U.S. ticed, and we are forever grateful. tary, to be willing to pay whatever Marine Corps and Navy were able to I yield the floor. price, and we stand in appreciation of seize the island and to give America The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- that on this Memorial Day, as we ap- the stronghold needed to win the war ator from North Dakota. proach this weekend. months later. Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. President, I rise The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- While this year marks the 75th anni- with my esteemed colleague from West ator from West Virginia. versary of the conclusion of World War Virginia and my colleague from Mis- Mrs. CAPITO. Mr. President, it is an II, we must also never forget all of the souri and others to remember, to com- honor for me to be here with my fellow Americans who have lost their lives in memorate, and to honor those who Senators. I was very moved by Senator battle, whether it be the Korean war, have given their lives in service to our

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.032 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2530 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 country. Those who fought and died for service, never forgetting to honor those the Memorial Day parade in our home- our Nation have secured our freedoms, who have passed, and we extend our town of Caribou, ME. He would perch and we are forever indebted to them. gratitude to the families and loved me high on his shoulders and there, That includes many North Dakotans ones left behind. from the best vantage point, I could see who gave their lives serving in our Na- May God bless those who have gone our veterans march by and our flag go tion’s Armed Forces. These fallen he- before, those who continue to serve, by. roes served in World War I, World War and may He continue to bless this Memorial Day is all about remem- II, Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghani- great country that they have served so brance. It is also about our resolve to stan. very well. uphold the values that inspire the sac- While we set aside a day each year, I yield the floor. rifice we honor today. This was best ar- Memorial Day, to honor those who The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ticulated in what many regard as the have given their lives on behalf of our ator from Maine. first and finest Memorial Day speech. Nation, every day we are reminded of Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, It was not given on a warm May morn- the dedication and sacrifice of those throughout America, we set aside Me- ing but on a chilly November after- who serve to protect our freedoms and morial Day to honor those who gave noon, in a place called Gettysburg. liberty. their all for all of us, but this Memo- These are the words of President We must never forget those who have rial Day will be very different from Abraham Lincoln: ‘‘That from these made the ultimate sacrifice, as well as those we have celebrated in the past, as honored dead, we take increased devo- those who are missing in action. That we honor our veterans. This Memorial tion to that cause for which they gave is why in 2014 I supported legislation to Day, there will be no big parades and the last full measure of devotion.’’ create the Defense POW/MIA Account- no formal ceremonies at State veterans May those who have fallen rest in ing Agency. This DOD Agency seeks to cemeteries. peace. May we always remember them locate the nearly 82,000 missing service In Bangor, ME, where I live, each this Memorial Day and forever, and personnel, so we can bring them home year there is a fabulous Memorial Day may God bless the United States of and provide answers to their families. parade in which veterans from all con- America. We also recognize that those who flicts and all eras march down Main The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- serve do not serve alone. The friends Street, often with walking sticks that ator from Indiana. Mr. YOUNG. Memorial Day. If you and family of those in the service of were provided by one of Maine’s great- travel door to door in neighborhoods our country also serve, and those who est veterans, Galen Cole, who passed across this country, all Americans will away recently, a World War II veteran have lost loved ones know well the cost agree that this day is special. It is a who made a pledge that he would al- of freedom. As fellow Americans, it is day to honor the men and women who ways honor our veterans. our duty to ensure that their survivors made the ultimate sacrifice on behalf But despite the absence of big pa- are taken care of and that these heroes of our country. Thanks to their her- rades and big celebrations of fireworks are never forgotten. oism, we have our freedom, our strong this year, we should still take the time We can better uphold our promise democracy, and our country’s great- to honor those who have worn the uni- and honor those who made the ulti- ness. For their contributions, we owe form of our country. mate sacrifice by providing their fellow them a debt we can never repay. servicemembers, veterans, and their From America’s founding to our It was 152 years ago that our 16th survivors with the healthcare benefits time, the men and women of our Armed President, Abraham Lincoln, enacted and recognition that they have earned. Forces have written the history of our the first national Memorial Day. It was That is why we continue to work with freedom. From generation to genera- a day meant to honor the valiant sol- the Department of Veteran Affairs as tion, they add new and inspiring chap- diers who fought in the Civil War, and they implement the VA MISSION Act, ters of valor, devotion to duty, and sac- today we still heed Abraham Lincoln’s which gives our veterans more options rifice. As we honor the fallen, we also timeless words: to seek care in their home commu- honor those who served and returned Bind up the nation’s wounds to care for nities, and veterans are provided access home and those who serve today, him who shall have borne the battle, and for to long-term and nursing home care joined together, as we grieve for their his widow, and his orphan. closer to home. fallen comrades. To me, Memorial Day is a day to re- Last fall, I also helped to dedicate We also thank the families—the hus- flect—reflect on the Hoosiers and other the Fargo National Cemetery, the first bands, wives, sons and daughters, great Americans we have lost to causes VA national cemetery in North Da- brothers and sisters, mothers and fa- greater than their own. kota. We worked to secure the ceme- thers—who endure the grief that is This day honors Alec, LCpl Alec tery because its presence allows North part of freedom’s price. Terwiske of Dubois, IN, a fellow U.S. Dakotans who have served to be laid to It is significant that a day dedicated marine. Alec lost his life in the line of rest with honor, while being close to the deepest of human emotions— service in Afghanistan in 2012, and I enough to their homes for family and grief, remembrance, and gratitude— proudly wear his memorial bracelet loved ones to visit and pay their re- began not by decree from any high au- around my wrist as a reminder of that spects to our heroes. thority but in the hearts of everyday sacrifice. The new cemetery complements the people. As the Civil War ravaged the This day honors James, CPL James North Dakota Veterans Cemetery in countryside and took on an ever great- Bethel Gresham from Evansville, IN. Mandan, which is operated by the er and more ghastly toll, widows and He is in the history books for being State. To help support maintenance grieving mothers on both sides of the among the first American soldiers to and operations of our State’s veterans conflict began placing wild flowers on give their lives in the line of duty dur- cemeteries, I am helping to introduce a the graves of the soldiers, regardless of ing World War I. bipartisan bill—the Veterans Cemetery uniform, who fell in their fields and This day honors Charles, SGT Grants Improvement Act—with Sen- forests. Charles G. Ruble of Parker City, IN, ators TESTER, ROUNDS, and REED, so From those humble beginnings, we who was killed in Europe during World that State-operated veterans ceme- have remained true to Memorial Day’s War II in 1944. His remains were re- teries receive the funding they need to original spirit. Memorial Day is a na- cently identified and returned to the ensure that all of our veterans can be tional observance. Yet it remains deep- United States, and in March, he was laid to rest closer to their loved ones. ly personal for each of us. buried with full military honors at Ar- Our servicemembers and their fami- For me, it brings back a cherished lington National Cemetery. lies have given much in defense of our memory from my early childhood. My This day honors Christopher. Just 2 Nation and our way of life. The State father was a World War II veteran who weeks ago, we lost SGT Christopher of North Dakota especially has a rich was wounded twice in the Battle of the Wesley Curry. Only 23 years old, this tradition of military service. Bulge. He taught me to honor our vet- Hoosier soldier from Terre Haute, IN, With deepest appreciation and admi- erans and our flag, and each year, as I was stationed in Iraq. Those who knew ration, we look to the meaning of their was growing up, he would take me to Christopher said:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.034 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2531 Sgt. Curry’s incessant optimism was the Remembering service and sacrifice not with it.’’ We have seen a lot of talk hallmark of his personality and often pro- does not happen just on Memorial Day. about the pandemic, and those winds vided respite for others during times of One of the greatest honors to me is have been a bit partisan, to say the stress. His honesty, lightheartedness, and meeting the veterans who visit Wash- least. I would hope that we would stop wit will always be remembered by his broth- ers in arms. ington, DC, through the incredible ef- for a moment and honor Memorial Day forts of the Honor Flight Network. in the true way we should do that. To those who are not here today be- Having the opportunity to visit with I would close by saying, in the words cause they made the ultimate sacrifice members of the ‘‘greatest generation’’ of Ronald Reagan: for our Nation, we humbly say thank who make the journey to Washington— you. Their legacy lives on in the hearts Freedom is never more than one genera- often with high school students who tion away from extinction. It is not ours by of every American. are learning firsthand about their serv- inheritance. It must be fought for and de- God bless America. fended constantly by each generation, for it I yield the floor. ice and that history—so they can see their memorial is a humbling and up- comes only once to a people. Those who have The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- known freedom and then lost it have never ator from Kansas. lifting experience for me and for all of known it again. Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I us. To watch these men and women I think President Reagan gives us a thank Senator YOUNG and Senator COL- share their stories, many for the first great deal of insight. LINS, who have just preceded me and time, is incredibly moving. I yield the floor. set the tone, as only they can do, with When meeting these members of the I suggest the absence of a quorum. regard to honoring Memorial Day. ‘‘greatest generation,’’ you understand The PRESIDING OFFICER. The It is truly an honor to stand on the how befitting that label is for these clerk will call the roll. floor of the Senate and speak about so humble men and women who stood in The senior assistant legislative clerk many who have served and defended the face of tyranny and triumph. We proceeded to call the roll. our Nation. As the son of a World War see this same courage and resolve dem- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask II veteran—a marine veteran, I might onstrated daily by the good men and unanimous consent that the order for add—and a veteran myself, also a ma- women currently serving in our Armed the quorum call be rescinded. rine, it is a privilege to represent our Forces throughout the world. We see The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without men and women in uniform in the U.S. acts of uncommon valor and great sac- objection, it is so ordered. Senate and to be able to ensure they rifice for a cause and a deep belief in have all the tools they need to fulfill something bigger that just one person. UNITED STATES PARK POLICE their missions, to ensure their families We honor all the American men and Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I rise are supported here at home, and to en- women who have given their lives for today concerning the tragic death of a sure our veterans receive the care and their country since our Nation’s found- young Virginian, Bijan Ghaisar, who services they deserve. ing. SUSAN COLLINS just referred to was shot and killed by two U.S. Park Just a word about my dad. He was 41 that in her very fine speech. We honor Police officers over 2 years ago. when the war started. He joined the the more than 300,000 living veterans, While this tragic incident occurred, Marines—he was in a non-combat from those folks to the ‘‘greatest gen- as I mentioned, more than 2 years ago, role—at a recruiting station in Kansas eration,’’ and we honor the families of many questions remain unanswered re- City. They looked and looked and those who are here and are serving. garding the circumstances of Bijan’s looked for a combat billet and finally Speaking of the ‘‘greatest genera- death. Unfortunately, the Department found one that said that the top age tion,’’ I have the honor of being the of the Interior has failed to answer was 39. They really needed people. He chairman of the Eisenhower Memorial many of the basic questions that I have was 41. He lied about his age, and then Commission, the memorial which pays asked about the night of Bijan’s death went into that billet to see action in tribute to Kansas’s favorite son Ike’s and subsequent actions the National Guam, Okinawa, and, yes, Iwo Jima. leadership both as Supreme Allied Park Service has taken following the I went to Iwo Jima on the 15th anni- Commander, where he saved Western shooting. versary—that was about 60 years ago. democracy, and the 34th President of In November of last year, I wrote the We now have the 75th. When standing the United States, where he gave us 8 Department and requested information on top of Mount Suribachi, you really years of peace and prosperity. This me- about the U.S. Park Police’s use of stop and realize exactly the sacrifice morial will serve as a symbol for all force and vehicle pursuit policies, as my dad and others made. He survived generations of the promise of America well as information about the Park those attacks, and thank you to Presi- and what our values make possible Service’s response in the aftermath of dent Truman for allowing my dad to here and around the world. Bijan’s shooting. Unfortunately, there get back. We were supposed to dedicate this has been no response. Throughout our Nation’s history, our memorial this month, but, like every- The Department found time to do service men and women have repeat- thing else, the pandemic put those some PR work. They provided copies of edly answered the call of duty and plans on hold. When we dedicate the the updated use of force and vehicle stepped forward to defend the freedoms memorial in September, we hope to pursuit policies to the Washington we hold dear. From the earliest days of have many World War II veterans at- Post earlier this year, but I still have struggle for our Republic to the cur- tending, including Kansas’s other fa- not received a response to my letter rent unprecedented threats from ter- vorite son, Senator Bob Dole. that was sent over 6 months ago. rorism, to cyber attacks, to unpredict- While our debt to these heroes can To this point, the Department has able regimes with missile capability to never be repaid, I know that my fellow failed to answer many basic questions attack our shores, and, yes, to global Kansans agree that these liberators about this incident—questions that I pandemics, the principles set forth by and defenders of democracy deserve our have asked, as well as my friend, the our Founding Fathers have been de- utmost respect and gratitude. senior Senator from Wyoming. They fended by our brave men and women in I am going to quote from General Ei- are questions about the incident, such uniform. senhower when he was President and as these: Did the Department open an I stand here once again to commemo- following that. ‘‘There is nothing internal affairs inquiry into the inci- rate those who have made the ultimate wrong with America that the faith, dent to see if any violations of Park sacrifice for our freedoms. Hopefully love of freedom, intelligence, and en- Police policy occurred? What is the they will continue to be remembered ergy of her citizens cannot cure.’’ I timeline for such an investigation? Is by those of us who enjoy the freedoms hope those words by Ike at that par- the U.S. Park Police conducting a for which they fought and died. ticular time can ring true in this body thorough after-action review of the in- Memorial Day is the day when a and more especially, those of us who cident? What is the status of the Park grateful nation recognizes those who are privileged to serve in this body. Police officers involved in the inci- have given so much out of love for There is another quote I will repeat dent? Are they on administrative their country, their family, and their from Winston Churchill, who said: leave, desk duty, or are they back on fellow citizens. ‘‘Kites rise highest against the wind, patrol?

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.029 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2532 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 These are basic questions. If the De- Mr. THUNE. The following Senators the next leader of a country would be. partment of the Interior had any inter- are necessarily absent: the Senator Yet, in America, dating back to 1797, est in transparency, they could answer from Tennessee (Mr. ALEXANDER), the when Washington willingly passed the them today. The Ghaisar family de- Senator from North Carolina (Mr. torch to Adams, the peaceful transition serves answers about what happened to BURR), the Senator from Alaska (Ms. of power has defined the American Bijan. The pain they have experienced MURKOWSKI), and the Senator from Presidency. But a growing body of evi- over the last 2 years is immeasurable. South Dakota (Mr. ROUNDS). dence suggests that the January 20, As if the premature death of their son Further, if present and voting, the 2017, inauguration of President Donald wasn’t bad enough, they have waited 2 Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- Trump was an exception to that hal- years for answers from a Federal Gov- ANDER) would have voted ‘‘yea.’’ lowed tradition. ernment that has failed completely to Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Since the FBI launched its Russia adequately respond to this tragedy. Senator from Vermont (Mr. LEAHY), probe in July 2016, there has been no I am not going to rest until the the Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. shortage of stories about what did or Ghaisar family has the answers they MARKEY), the Senator from Vermont did not happen in the months leading deserve about what happened to Bijan (Mr. SANDERS), and the Senator from up to that election. For the better part that night. If the Department wants to Rhode Island (Mr. WHITEHOUSE), are of 3 years, the speculation dominated ignore these basic questions I have necessarily absent. headlines and news feeds, with even the asked and if they want to disregard le- The result was announced—yeas 71, smallest details consuming hours of gitimate congressional oversight, then nays 21, as follows: airtime. there will be consequences until their [Rollcall Vote No. 99 Ex.] Beyond the Russian active measures action changes. YEAS—71 campaign, which we know did happen, In February, I voted against Kath- Baldwin Fischer Peters there was a lot of attention focused on arine MacGregor’s nomination to be Barrasso Gardner Portman the Trump campaign itself. Now, al- Deputy Secretary of the Interior. I said Blackburn Graham Reed most 4 years later, we know a lot about very clearly at that time that if the Blunt Grassley Risch what happened and what didn’t happen. Boozman Hassan Department of the Interior continues Roberts For example, we know from the Braun Hawley Romney to ignore my questions about the kill- Capito Hoeven Rosen Mueller report that there was no crime ing of Bijan Ghaisar, I would hold up Cardin Hyde-Smith Rubio of collusion or obstruction committed Carper Inhofe Sasse future Interior nominees. For this rea- Casey Johnson by the President or his campaign. But Scott (FL) son, I am today placing a hold on the Cassidy Jones since the special counsel’s report was Scott (SC) Collins Kaine nomination of Lanny Erdos to serve as Shaheen completed more than a year ago, we Director of the Office of Surface Min- Cornyn Kennedy have learned a lot more about the out- Cortez Masto King Shelby ing Reclamation and Enforcement Cotton Lankford Sinema sized role played by some very senior within the Department of the Interior. Cramer Lee Smith Obama administration officials in what If we don’t get answers to legitimate Crapo Loeffler Sullivan can only be described as an insurgency Cruz Manchin Tester questions that I and other Members of Daines McConnell Thune campaign against the Trump Presi- this body and Members of the House Duckworth McSally Tillis dency. have raised about the shooting of Bijan Durbin Moran Toomey To be blunt, these revelations have Ghaisar, I am prepared to hold up even Enzi Murphy Warner given the American people good reason Ernst Paul Wicker more nominees. This is not something Feinstein Perdue Young to be concerned about the outgoing ad- I take lightly. Holding up nominees ministration, which took aggressive, NAYS—21 should always be a last resort. But I possibly unlawful steps to interfere have been patient and Bijan’s family Bennet Harris Schatz with initially the Trump campaign and Blumenthal Heinrich Schumer has been patient, and still the Depart- Booker Hirono Stabenow then to undermine the incoming ment of the Interior has been silent. Brown Klobuchar Udall Trump administration. For Bijan’s family, 2 years is too long Cantwell Menendez Van Hollen For starters, there was the Depart- Coons Merkley Warren ment of Justice inspector general re- to wait. They deserve answers about Gillibrand Murray Wyden what happened the night their son was port on the Crossfire Hurricane inves- shot and killed. I urge the Department NOT VOTING—8 tigation, which was released in Decem- to swiftly provide substantive answers Alexander Markey Sanders ber of last year. The inspector gen- Burr Murkowski Whitehouse eral’s findings provided evidence that to my outstanding questions regarding Leahy Rounds the death of Bijan and the Depart- the concerns were more than war- ment’s response. The nomination was confirmed. ranted. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. COT- Inspector General Horowitz detailed I suggest the absence of a quorum. TON). Under the previous order, the mo- a series of errors and missteps made by The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tion to reconsider is considered made the FBI throughout the investigation, clerk will call the roll. and laid upon the table, and the Presi- including alarming abuse of the powers The senior assistant legislative clerk dent will be immediately notified of of the Foreign Intelligence Surveil- proceeded to call the roll. the Senate’s action. lance Act. This act confers extraor- Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. President, I The Senator from Texas. dinary power on the FBI and the intel- ask unanimous consent that the order PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION ligence community. for the quorum call be rescinded. Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, the In the FISA application for Carter The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hallmark of American democracy, the Page, Inspector General Horowitz iden- objection, it is so ordered. single greatest feature that sets us tified 7 errors in the initial application VOTE ON MANASCO NOMINATION apart from every other country in the and 10 additional errors in 3 renewals. The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time world, is the peaceful transition of We are not talking about innocent has expired. power that occurs every 4 or sometimes typos or misspelled words. This was The question is, Will the Senate ad- every 8 years on January 20. It is a leg- not just sloppiness. There were signifi- vise and consent to the Manasco nomi- acy we inherited from our forefathers cant and material errors, plus the de- nation? and one that generations of Americans liberate falsification of material infor- Mr. INHOFE. I ask for the yeas and have fought hard throughout our his- mation about Carter Page’s past serv- nays. tory to protect. It is a remarkable mo- ice to the U.S. Government, as well as The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a ment. The most powerful person in the the omission of important exculpatory sufficient second? world bows to the will of the people information, which deceived and mis- There appears to be a sufficient sec- and sits only a few yards away as the led the FISA Court. ond. next President takes the oath of office. I would hope we could all agree that The clerk will call the roll. Think about the wars that have been lying to a court is serious and com- The legislative clerk called the roll. fought throughout history over who pletely unacceptable.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.031 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2533 The meticulous requirements Con- You have to wonder, why are these The proper investigative and prosecutorial gress mandated in the Foreign Intel- high-ranking officials, including the standards of the Department of Justice were ligence Surveillance Act and the pains- Vice President of the United States, abused, in my view, in order to reach a par- taking procedures of the FISA Court unmasking the name of an American ticular result. We saw two different stand- ards of justice emerge, one that applied to were created to help instill trust and citizen in foreign intelligence on an eve President Trump and his associates, and the confidence and accountability in the of the inauguration of their successor? other that applied to everyone else. We can’t institutions charged with protecting Then-U.N. Ambassador Power sub- allow this ever to happen again. our national security, while at the mitted seven separate requests. Direc- I agree with the Attorney General. same time protecting our privacy and tor Clapper, then-Director of National This entire matter has been riddled civil liberties. Sadly, much of that Intelligence, submitted three. Director with a combination of exploitation, trust has been destroyed by these rev- Brennan and Secretary Lew each sub- abuse of power, and possible crimi- elations uncovered by the inspector mitted two. nality. At the very best, it highlights general of the Department of Justice, Somehow—I know this sounds dysfunction, but at worst, it looks like and sadly, another recent development strange, working in Washington, DC— a coordinated effort by one administra- has sown even more distrust and sus- somehow, once General Flynn’s name tion to abuse its power, to sandbag and picion of the FBI and the Department was unmasked in response to 39 sepa- undermine its successor. of Justice during the previous adminis- rate requests from Obama-era officials, Despite the time and taxpayer dol- tration, their motives, and the legality that information was leaked to the lars that have been funneled into the of their actions. press. In the intelligence community, Russia-related probe, it has provided Last week, the Acting Director of intelligence is shared based on the need no evidence of collusion that we National Intelligence, Richard Grenell, to know. What I want to know is, what thought and were told was its object. provided a declassified list of senior need did these 39 Obama-era officials Instead, it has highlighted men and Obama administration officials who have for this surveillance, which in- women at the highest levels of govern- made requests to unmask the identity cluded the name of a U.S. citizen? I ment using their positions for political of Michael Flynn. Masking the name of suspect it was done because—what nat- purposes. This is a far cry from the a U.S. person in foreign surveillance is urally happens next? The more people peaceful transition of power our fore- routinely done to minimize the intru- who know, the more likely the infor- fathers wanted and provided for. sion into their privacy rights. mation is to leak to the press in serv- When exiting the Constitutional Con- I know trying to keep up with the ice of a narrative. vention in 1787, Benjamin Franklin was flood of facts about these incidents can While unmasking can be legal if done approached by a group of citizens who be a challenge, so let’s quickly recap. by the rules, leaking that information asked what type of government the del- General Flynn was a member of the is not. It is a crime. It is a felony pun- egates had created. He famously an- Trump campaign, and at the beginning ishable by up to 10 years in prison. swered ‘‘a republic, if you can keep it.’’ of the administration, he was named as As I mentioned, when it comes to un- In order to maintain this grand Re- the National Security Advisor. We derstanding this investigation, there is public, we must be able to trust our in- know his tenure was short-lived. Only a lot of information to sort through. stitutions, especially law enforcement a few weeks after assuming the post, That is why I am glad that Chairman and the intelligence community. We General Flynn resigned after a storm LINDSEY GRAHAM, chairman of the Ju- need to respect the choices of the erupted when leaks were published diciary Committee, plans to hold ex- American people in our elections, about his conversations with Russian tensive hearings into this whole which provides those elected with le- Ambassador Kislyak. mater—something that the Presiding gitimacy and authority. These are es- I am not here primarily to talk about Officer and I will participate in as sential to a constitutional republic General Flynn’s case. That is in the members of that committee. But I like ours. hands of the courts. But the list of worry that in the process of leaning in, These revelations about actions from Obama-era officials provided by Acting trying to connect the dots in a very Obama administration officials under- Director Grenell gave us some unset- complex situation, we could lose sight mine that trust, and we must and will tling details about the larger context of the big picture. get to the bottom of it so we can en- of the whole Russia investigation. If an It appears that high-ranking officials sure that it never ever happens again. American citizen is intercepted in con- from a political party used their posi- I yield the floor. nection with foreign intelligence, the tions to gain and leak information on a The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. name of that person is masked when political rival. We are not just talking BLACKBURN). The Senator from Mary- intelligence reports are disseminated about one or two rogue operators here; land. in order to protect their identity and more than three-dozen senior officials SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION their privacy, but it is not unusual for released that information to the media Mr. CARDIN. Madam President, I intelligence officials to request that only 8 days before the end of the think each person in this body recog- somebody be unmasked. It could be Obama administration. nizes the importance of small business critical to a counterintelligence inves- Add to this the rapidly growing list to our economy and to our way of life. tigation or to understanding the na- of wrongs we have learned about so far: Small businesses are called the job cre- ture or context of the intelligence. the inspector general report on the for- ator in our economy. They create more Here, over the course of about 6 eign intelligence surveillance abuse, jobs than larger companies. They pro- weeks between late November 2016 and the infamous texts between Lisa Page vide innovative ways in order to move January 2017, 39 separate Obama-era of- and Peter Strzok, the first altered and forward on our economy. They can fig- ficials made unmasking requests—39. now missing 302 for Michael Flynn, ure out better ways to do things more This list is very odd. It included a Susan Rice’s inauguration day email to efficiently, meeting the needs of the range of high-ranking officials at the herself. Well, there is political intrigue people of our community. Departments of Treasury and Energy and manipulation written all over this. They are also more vulnerable. They and a number of Ambassadors and even Here is the point. Our intelligence don’t have access to the type of capital NATO officials. It extended to the community and system of justice must that larger companies have. They don’t highest levels of the Obama adminis- not be manipulated for political pur- have the resiliency. So when COVID–19 tration—U.N. Ambassador Samantha poses, and they certainly must not be struck, we recognized—those of us in Power, CIA Director John Brennan, used as a tool to disrupt the peaceful the Senate and the House recognized FBI Director James Comey, the Presi- transition of power that is the very that we had to take special effort to dent’s Chief of Staff Denis McDonough, foundation of our democracy. protect the economic viability of the and even Vice President Biden himself. On Monday evening, Attorney Gen- small businesses in our country. They It reads like a guest list for an Obama eral Barr was asked about the inves- did not have the reserve capital and administration state dinner. It is not tigation, and he made a comment that they did not have the resiliency to deal what you would expect to see for legiti- I think appropriately sums up the en- with this prolonged downturn in our mate unmasking requests. tire issue. He said: economy.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.036 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2534 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 Eight weeks ago, we came together, Then we provided debt relief for and Entrepreneurship Committee with Democrats and Republicans, by a 96-to- those who have micro-loans or 7(a) Administrator Carranza being there 0 vote and passed the CARES Act. I was loans or 504 loans under the SBA—6 answering questions from the members proud that a significant part of the months of relief—and, quite frankly, of the authorizing committee as to how CARES Act responded to the needs of we don’t know a lot about how that this program is working. small businesses. program has been working. We don’t We have to have that public hearing, We had a working group, a bipartisan have much information about it. and, quite frankly, Senator RUBIO, the working group. Senator RUBIO, the That is what we did 8 weeks ago and chairman of the committee, has been chairman of the Small Business and then supplemented it with some addi- trying to get that for us, and he has Entrepreneurship Committee—I am the tional funds. What should we do now? been rebuffed by the SBA. That is not ranking Democrat—we were joined by The Senate has not finished its work as acceptable. We need to have a public Senator SHAHEEN and Senator COLLINS, it relates to helping the small busi- hearing. I support Senator RUBIO’s re- and we worked in an expedited way in nesses of America. We still have work quest that we schedule this hearing. It order to see what we could do to help we need to do. should have been scheduled by now. We small businesses get through COVID– First and foremost, we need to have should have already had this hearing, 19. transparency and data related to how but we are scheduling it for the week The CARES Act provides new oppor- these programs are working. Expedi- we return, the week of June 1, and I tunities for us to help small businesses ency does not excuse transparency and hope Administrator Carranza will ad- during this unprecedented disaster. We accountability. Yes, we wanted to get here to the request of both the chair- passed the PPP program, the Paycheck the money out quickly, and we got the man and ranking member to be here to Protection Program, and provided $660 money out quickly under the PPP pro- answer questions about these pro- billion of help for America’s small gram. That was our desire. But we need grams. businesses. to have transparency, and we need to We have a responsibility. We have ap- I want to compliment the men and have accountability. propriated over $700 billion. We have a women at the Small Business Adminis- We need to get the geographical in- responsibility to conduct an adequate tration and at Treasury for putting formation, including how many loans oversight hearing on how those funds this program together literally over- can be given in the traditionally under- are being used. night, and today 4.3 million loans have served communities—minority busi- We need to do more than that. We been given under this program that nesses, women-owned businesses, vet- also need to recognize what is going to didn’t exist just 8 weeks ago. eran-owned businesses, the rural com- be the next step and what is going to There are $513 billion in loans under munity, and the smaller of the small come next. I will tell you, there are the Paycheck Protection Program. businesses. We need to get information certain things that can be done admin- That is quite an accomplishment, but by the size of the business, the number istratively. Some might require the ac- there are challenges. There are chal- of employees they have, the industries, tion of Congress, but some things can lenges with any new program, but this and the lender types. We need to get be done administratively, and we need program has major concerns. When we the numbers on how much has gone to to get that done as quickly as possible. passed the program, we thought that 8 the nonprofit community and to affili- One of the things we need to get done weeks later, our economy would be per- ates and those under the NIC code ex- is to make sure that the underserved forming at a much higher level than it ception. is today. We need to revisit that. All that is information we need to community gets adequate resources. A second program that we modified have in order to carry out our respon- When we reauthorized the extra $310 and changed was the Economic Injury sibilities in the Senate. And, yes, we billion for the PPP program, we allo- Disaster Loan Program. We provided need to get information from the Small cated $60 billion to smaller financial an additional $50 billion of funds for Business Administration and from institutions, and that was a step in the the EIDL loans so that the Small Busi- Treasury so that we can properly pre- right direction. I noticed that Sec- ness Administration, which makes di- pare for additional resources that may retary Mnuchin mentioned in a hearing rect loans, could provide $360 billion of be needed in order to fund these pro- this week that he was amenable to al- additional loans to small businesses. grams. locating additional monies to the The EIDL Program works with the This is not a new request that I have CDFIs. We need to allocate at least $10 PPP program. The PPP program covers made. On April 17, I joined with Sen- billion to the CDFIs and the minority payroll for 8 weeks, plus some addi- ator SCHUMER, Senator SHAHEEN, and depository institutions in order for the tional expenses. The EIDL Program Senator WYDEN in a letter to Secretary resources to be targeted to the under- provides working capital so small busi- Mnuchin and Administrator Carranza served and the underbanked commu- nesses that have been impacted by asking for this information to be made nity. But, quite frankly, I think we COVID–19 can stay afloat. available on a regular basis. To date, need to do even more than that. Here, the results are nowhere near as we have still not gotten that detailed I have introduced legislation with promising. Only 252,000 loans have been information. Senator BOOKER that will help to de- issued under the EIDL loan program So I filed legislation in order to man- velop the financial institutions in the for under $25 billion. As I pointed out date that that data be provided, much underserved, underbanked commu- earlier, they have the capacity for $360 of that on a daily basis. We tried to get nities. It will strengthen the abilities billion. It has been very slow at the a UC on it, and we could not do that, of those communities to have institu- SBA in issuing EIDL loans. but we had certain promises that infor- tions in place that can help deal with Then we provided for grants under mation would be made available. the credit gap in the underserved com- the EIDL Program. Initially, we pro- We are still not getting the granular munities. Our legislation would also vided $10 billion, and we increased that information that is necessary for us to strengthen the SBA tools that serve to $20 billion. Yet the number of loans properly evaluate this program. We the underserved communities. We be- that have been issues or grants that need to get that information. We need lieve all of this can be done to help have been issued under EIDL—a little to have transparency. We have to have strengthen our commitment, which over a million—a little over $10 billion. accountability. You have heard about was in the CARES Act, to make sure But this program has not operated as the highly visible loans that were made that all communities are fairly treated we intended. We wanted these grants to that were given back by the pro-bas- with the tools that we made available. be given within 3 days—we put that in ketball team and by the larger public Another thing that we can do imme- the statute—and we certainly didn’t corporations. We need to see exactly diately is to get the data. That infor- expect that the average loan would be how the money was allocated. mation can be made available now. I between $4,000 and $5,000 when we gave Then there is a second thing we need noticed that Secretary Mnuchin has grants up to $10,000. So challenges exist to do in addition to getting the data tried to help us get certain data, but on both the loan and grant program and having transparency. We need to we are still not where we need to be. under EIDL. have a hearing in the Small Business We need to get that information now.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.038 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2535 Another thing we can do—and, quite programs—and I hope that by oversight Decoration Day was first declared lo- frankly, I think there is bipartisan sup- we can get the EIDL Program working cally in 1866, after the Civil War. It was port and a willingness on behalf of the properly and get those loans out a day to remember those who gave administration—is to deal with return- there—we can increase the size of the their lives in battle for our country by ing citizens who were denied any abil- EIDL grants, get more information decorating the graves and remembering ity to participate in the PPP program. about the loan forgiveness, and get the their sacrifice. My goodness, for a person who has paid PPP program working in all commu- Now we call it Memorial Day. We re- their debt to society, who has returned nities, including the underserved com- member all of those who have given to the community, who is working a munities, giving more flexibility to their lives for our Nation. It is, unfor- small business, should we say no, we businesses on the 8-week period. tunately, not those who just gave their are not going to help them survive? We are going to need additional help. lives long past. Unfortunately, it is They have enough challenges out Eight weeks of payroll help is not still in the painful present. there. We certainly don’t want to take going to be enough for many small Last weekend, I sat in the agonizing away their ability to take advantage of businesses. So as we start to consider funeral of TSgt Marshal Roberts, who tools that are available to all Ameri- the next round, I hope that we will was killed by rocket fire just 21⁄2 cans in order to help their small busi- look at a program that is targeted to months ago. He was in the process of nesses. I believe there is bipartisan the small businesses that need the help getting others to safety when a rocket support for this, and we hope that we the most. took his life. He is the first Oklahoman will be able to get that done adminis- When we passed the bill 8 weeks ago, air guardsman to ever lose his life in tratively. After all, the restrictions our objective was to get money out battle. This Memorial Day will be very were imposed administratively. They quickly, and we succeeded in doing different for his wife, his daughter, can be removed administratively. that. It was successful. Now we need to their family, and the State of Okla- Then there is another issue that we look at those small businesses that homa, because it is not just a day need to deal with immediately, and have the greatest need. We need to tar- about sleeping in and sales on dish- that is the 8-week restriction that is in get it to those that have had signifi- washers and cars. It will evoke the the PPP program. It was well intended cant revenue losses. We need to target memory of TSgt Marshal Roberts and when we passed it. It was based on the it to the underserved communities. We the hundreds of thousands of others dollars that were available, and we need to target it to the smaller of the like him. They gave their everything thought that after 8 weeks, by June, we small businesses. If we can target the for the sake of our liberty. Those men would see our economy back per- program properly, the cost will be and women are not forgotten. They are forming at a level in which small busi- much less than the original cost, and our heroes, and this Memorial Day we nesses could be expected to be able to we can save businesses that otherwise will remember. do well. Well, that is clearly not the would have a hard time surviving. AGRICULTURE case. We now need to provide addi- The key to what we did is that we Madam President, in this time, it is tional help to small businesses as it re- worked together. It was bipartisan interesting to note that, with all that lates to the 8-week period. from the beginning. We need to do that We can do that. We recognize that. is going on, America is still eating, and again. Our small businesses, our work- The monies have already been appro- America is still moving because there ers, and our economy depend upon our priated. This does not really require are essential workers who are still getting this right. I look forward to any additional funding, but it will serving. They are healthcare workers. allow us to give small businesses the working with my colleagues in order to They are grocery store workers. They opportunity to spend the money over a get this done. are truckers. They are folks at conven- With that, I yield the floor. ience stores, gas stations, sanitation longer period of time. Why? Because The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- their businesses aren’t open. The 8 workers, and in power generation. ator from Oklahoma. They are farmers and ranchers. They weeks started the day they got the Mr. LANKFORD. Madam President, I loan. Yet today they are still not at are the refineries. Yes, they are even in ask unanimous consent to complete my government—public safety and law en- full operation, and some are not at any remarks before the vote begins. operation. forcement. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without While the news every day covers So I was pleased to see that the objection, it is so ordered. House acted on this by extending this folks who are at home waiting to re- NOMINATION OF JOHN F. HEIL III to 24 weeks. I hope that we could find turn to work, at times we forget the Mr. LANKFORD. Madam President, common ground, because I think there people who are working twice as hard in a few minutes, the Senate will vote is support on both sides of the aisle and right now to be able to make sure that on the nomination of John Heil to with the administration to give greater is even possible. And we are grateful serve as a district court judge for Okla- discretion on that 8-week period so for what they are doing. We are grate- that it is a longer period of time and so homa. ful for the sacrifices of their families We have three areas in Oklahoma: that the small businesses have the op- and of the hours they are putting in. the Northern District, Eastern district, portunity to spend the funds that are But I want to highlight a couple of and Western district. This judge posi- under the loan in a way that they can different groups that are unique in this tion covers all three of those, and they get maximum forgiveness of that loan, mix—some of the folks who are really move to wherever there is the greatest which will also require us to extend the and truly behind the scenes and whom June 30 date for those businesses that need, and we are in great need. This is we really don’t see a lot, but we see the need extra time in order to bring their a position that we have needed for a end result of their products. workers back. while, and I am proud that John Heil Let me start with farmers and ranch- I think there is general agreement on has gone through this process. He was ers. They are folks who are on the farm this. I hope that we can act this week overwhelmingly confirmed in his nomi- and the ranch, and they are taking on that provision, because by the time nation process through committee. I care of our food because, as we know we come back after recess, the very expect him to have wide bipartisan well, food does not grow in a grocery first loans that have been issued under support when it passes this floor in a store. It actually has to happen some- the PPP program will have reached few moments and look forward to him where by folks putting in the workout their 8-week period, where loan for- transitioning from being a great attor- in the Sun and getting the chance to be giveness applications are going to start ney in our State to being a great judge able to bring that crop in. to be processed. We need to act before to serve the people of Oklahoma and We are watching it happen across my that date. There is a sense of urgency. the United States on the Federal State and across the country right We need to get that done this week, if bench. So I am looking forward to that now. In Oklahoma, wheat is coming in, at all possible, and we should work to vote being completed. and it looks beautiful. It is green still, try to get that done. MEMORIAL DAY but in the days ahead, as it comes in, it Let me also point out that, even Madam President, in the days ahead, will be very important to us. But it when we fix the problems with these we will celebrate Decoration Day. will be interesting to see this crop, if it

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.046 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2536 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 is not taken out by the hail that is involved in the operation. They are with COVID–19. We have to pay atten- coming in this weekend. As it comes ranching cows, calves, and stockers. tion to this. There are commonsense in, this crop will be very important to They have a food lot operation. They solutions, and I understand full well us. But this year the challenge will be have it all. But at this point, they are that there are some folks who don’t that the H2A workers who typically facing between 35 and 40 percent loss in like fossil fuels. I get it, but those come in literally from all over the the price of cattle. Literally, he loses same folks fly on planes and drive cars world to do custom cutting are not money on every single cow. and trucks. And we like wearing able to come because of the It is Robert Frymire, from Custer clothes, and we like having paint. And coronavirus. And the challenge will be County. He is a third-generation wheat as for all of those things that are dis- this: Will Americans step up when, lit- and cattle farmer. Using today’s wheat posable now, like PPE, guess what they erally, the harvest is plentiful, but the prices, even with the crop that is com- are made of. Petroleum. There is this workers are few? Will Americans step ing in, he will lose $150,000 this year on whole challenge about trying to get up and say: I will not let that harvest his wheat crop, not to mention what is away from petroleum. It has been in- go to waste; I will engage and bring the going to happen on the beef cattle. teresting to me how many people have harvest in. There is a reason we are trying to put suddenly gone from ‘‘let’s reuse every- Folks who are in forestry—yes, for- solutions in the CARES Act. There is a thing’’ to the last 2 months saying: No, estry and logging is a crop in Okla- reason we put $19 billion there to help actually, we want to have disposable homa. For those of you who haven’t our food supply, and $3 billion dollars everything now. Well, guess what. been there, it is the eastern side of our of that has gone toward providing for Those disposable items are made with State. It is incredibly important to us. our food pantries and nonprofits and petroleum products. We are seeing a boom in that area, places to be able to get food out to peo- We do need this balance. We can do it thanks to things like a great need for ple so that food doesn’t go to waste. clean, but we have to be able to keep boxes, for everyone who is getting all But there is direct aid that is going to this part of industry open and still of their materials shipped to their farmers and ranchers to make sure we functioning. And if the whole system house right now and this small com- keep those operations alive long term, collapses, we will not be able to do modity we call toilet paper, for which because we need them to exist at the that. there seems to be a run on going on end of this. We are grateful to be able Many of you know that my State is a right now. to come alongside of them. production State. At times, we will Cotton, corn, sorghum, beans—there There are real challenges in the have hundreds of wells for oil and gas are so many things that are so impor- packing operations that are not new. running. Right now, in the entire State tant and behind the scenes. If we lose They have been around for a while. We of Oklahoma, there are 12 rigs work- sight of that fact, we will just miss it. are pushing in a couple of areas to say: ing—12. That is the collapse of thou- One of the things that has been in the We have to solve a couple of these sands and thousands of jobs, and if news lately is livestock and the proc- problems. Our small packing houses those jobs and those companies go essing of the livestock. There has been that are out there pay almost $80 an away and do not recover, then, we are news about how coronavirus has spread hour for overtime fees. That is $80 an suddenly dependent on the Middle East in some of those facilities. I have one hour for each inspector to do overtime. again. We cannot go there. We have to of those facilities in my State. It is So if we have a location like Seaboard resolve that. That is why the Paycheck Seaboard. It is a tremendous operation, Farms that goes down, and they want Protection Program was opened up to where folks have worked for decades in to be able to go out to another location small businesses—and, yes, even energy a tremendous place to be able to har- and to ramp up, they are actually fi- companies—to help sustain them for a vest those hogs and to turn them into nancially punished from being able to couple of months to be able to get fabulous things like bacon and pork do that, and they can’t make the math through this. But it is going to be a chops. work. We have to solve that so that we very big challenge for them. In this location in Texas County, in are not punishing small to medium- Quite frankly, there is something Guymon, we have seen an outbreak. sized operations for ramping up in mo- that is news to this body that I want to The folks at Seaboard Farms have ments when we need them. And we raise. In 2007, long before I was in Con- stepped up to it. Ninety-five percent of need the small and medium-sized busi- gress, Congress passed an act dealing their workers have now been tested, nesses to be able to ramp up and grow with ethanol, mandating a certain and they are in the process of actually larger. number of gallons of ethanol to be used doing an entirely different test all over And we have to solve the issue of the every year. Well, guess what. America again just to be able to track and to be CIS Program, which is allowing folks wasn’t driving in March and in April. able to find, even for the people who to be able to sell over State lines. That means we are not going to be were negative, if they will show up Twenty-seven States, including my close to the number of gallons of gaso- positive the next time and to make own, have State inspection programs line that we normally use, but we still sure they are staying on top of it. But that are equal to the USDA program. have a requirement sitting out there they are running at 60 percent oper- They have to be equal to it, but they for the number of gallons of ethanol ation right now. That may not seem are still not allowed to sell over State that have to be used this year. We lit- like a big deal to you, but that is about lines until they get the CIS Program erally have an energy-ticking 7,000 hogs a day that are not being har- done, and only three States have been timebomb, based on a bad law that was vested. They are having to be—what is able to complete that. This should be written years ago dealing with ethanol, euphemistically called—depopulated. logical. We should be able to solve this. and if we are not careful, we are going That is a tremendous loss to everybody Those two things would allow long- to cause even bigger challenges in en- in the entire country. term fixes for the packing house oper- ergy based on that ethanol law and the We are seeing major issues that are ations. It is something we have com- number of gallons that are required also happening with our beef produc- plained about for a long time, and we when there is literally no way, even if tion, as we have had enormous issues should have solved this at this moment we poured it on the ground, that we on trying to harvest those animals. because it has become even more obvi- can use the gallons required in that As we go through the process and all ous. law. the challenges, it has become ex- The issues about energy continue to That is going to be an issue for us, tremely personal to a lot of the folks in rise for us. As a nation, we are finally and it is one that we need to work co- my State. In my State, this is not just energy independent—finally. We choose operatively on and in a nonpartisan a theory. In my State, this is actually to buy energy from places where we way to say: Let’s have some common happening to real people. It is Jim want to buy energy because we can sense in this moment to solve how we Howard, a fourth-generation rancher, produce it ourselves, but we cannot go deal with our energy, lest the prices of who ranches in Jefferson County. His backward to a time period when we gasoline explode at the backside of whole family—his brother, his wife, his were dependent on the Middle East this, not because of undersupply but grandson, his sons-in-law—everyone is again because of what has happened because of ethanol regulations. We

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.048 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2537 should not allow that to occur. We Carper Hawley Reed state of our world makes the battle- Casey Heinrich Risch should be able to not only solve that Cassidy Hoeven Roberts fields we send our soldiers and sailors for this year but solve it long term. Collins Hyde-Smith Romney and airmen and marines to seem very I am grateful for the folks who are Coons Inhofe Rosen far away because in their world, au- farmers and ranchers who are working, Cornyn Johnson Rubio thoritarian regimes rule with an iron Cortez Masto Jones Sasse and in energy, the folks who work be- Cotton Kaine Scott (FL) fist, and they violate human rights hind the scenes, who make America Cramer Kennedy Scott (SC) with impunity. Violence often replaces move, because in the days ahead, we Crapo King Shaheen diplomacy as the preferred method of Cruz Lankford Shelby will start moving. Daines Lee Sinema dispute resolution and freedom, when My State has already reached phase 2 Duckworth Loeffler Smith it is discussed at all. Many times, it of reopening, and we continue to see a Durbin Manchin Sullivan feels like an impossibility. This is what decline in the number of cases, but Enzi McConnell Tester they deal with on a daily basis. Ernst McSally Thune those folks who were working behind Feinstein Moran Tillis The danger this creates is no secret the scenes the whole time are making Fischer Murphy Toomey to anyone. Like the rest of us, our sol- the difference for us. Gardner Paul Udall diers read the news reports from the Graham Perdue Warner frontlines. They hear the enemy propa- ORDER OF PROCEDURE Grassley Peters Wicker Madam President, I ask unanimous Hassan Portman Young ganda. They hear those who repeat the enemy propaganda. Many of them have consent that the Senate vote on con- NAYS—17 firmation of the Ratcliffe nomination experienced the ferocity of the enemy Blumenthal Hirono Schumer attacks against our forces and against at noon tomorrow. I further ask that, Booker Klobuchar Stabenow notwithstanding the provisions of rule Brown Menendez Van Hollen our allies. They know what they are up XXII, the cloture vote with respect to Cantwell Merkley Warren against. They see it and they live it Gillibrand Murray Wyden each and every day. Yet, in spite of the the Badalamenti nomination occur at Harris Schatz 1:30 p.m. tomorrow. Further, I ask that danger, they answer the call because NOT VOTING—8 if cloture is invoked on the nomina- they have something inside them that tion, the postcloture time be deemed Alexander Markey Sanders says that freedom is worth fighting for. Burr Murkowski Whitehouse It is their commitment to that cause of expired and the confirmation vote Leahy Rounds occur at 5:30 p.m. on Monday, June 1. liberty to allow us to live in a free and The nomination was confirmed. Finally, I ask that if either of the open society, to allow us and our chil- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under nominations are confirmed, the mo- dren to pursue those dreams, to dream the previous order, the motion to re- tions to reconsider be considered made those big dreams and to make them consider is considered made and laid and laid upon the table and the Presi- come true. upon the table, and the President will dent be immediately notified of the Whether we lost loved ones and be immediately notified of the Senate’s Senate’s action. friends on the battlefield or, later, lost actions. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there them to the trauma of combat and loss, The Senator from Tennessee. objection? this weekend, we thank them for their Without objection, it is so ordered. f sacrifice, we honor their memory, and we express our gratitude to their fami- VOTE ON THE HEIL NOMONATION MORNING BUSINESS lies, who this year will have to cele- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mrs. BLACKBURN. Mr. President, I brate as a family and not with others. question is, Will the Senate advise and ask unanimous consent that the Sen- I yield the floor. consent to the Heil nomination? ate be in a period of morning business, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. CARDIN. I ask for the yeas and with Senators permitted to speak Democratic whip. nays. therein for up to 10 minutes each. f The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without sufficient second? objection, it is so ordered. FOR-PROFIT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES There appears to be a sufficient sec- f ond. Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, this The clerk will call the roll. MEMORIAL DAY week Congress submitted to the Presi- The senior assistant legislative clerk Mrs. BLACKBURN. Mr. President, dent the bipartisan Congressional Re- called the roll. last week, I received the very sad news view Act resolution that overturned Mr. THUNE. The following Senators that the 5th Special Forces Group, Education Secretary DeVos’s borrower are necessarily absent: the Senator which is stationed at Fort Campbell, defense rule. from Tennessee (Mr. ALEXANDER), the which is in Tennessee, was going to The rule that she came up with at Senator from North Carolina (Mr. have to forgo and cancel their annual the Department of Education makes it BURR), the Senator from Alaska (Ms. Memorial Day Gold Star Ceremony. almost impossible for student loan bor- MURKOWSKI), and the Senator from This is a tradition at the post. It is rowers, including many, many vet- South Dakota (Mr. ROUNDS). something that is so special to those erans, who have been defrauded by Further, if present and voting, the Gold Star families, and we are dis- their schools—these are usually for- Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- appointed with that but understand. profit schools—to have Federal student ANDER) would have voted ‘‘yea.’’ I have really been pleased that today debt discharged because of the fraud Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator ERNST has organized a time for under the Higher Education Act’s bor- Senator from Vermont (Mr. LEAHY), us to come to the floor to really come rower defense provisions. the Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. together to honor not only our fallen Ten Republicans joined with the MARKEY), the Senator from Vermont but also their loved ones, who have had Democrats in March to reject this rule (Mr. SANDERS), and the Senator from to spend this year’s remembrance sepa- in the Senate and pass this resolution. Rhode Island (Mr. WHITEHOUSE) are rated from other Gold Star families, I thank those on the other side of the necessarily absent. and we know that is a time they cher- aisle who stood up for the veterans and The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. ish, having that togetherness. for students who have been defrauded. CRAMER). Are there any other Senators Although the formal ceremonies are I urge President Trump to sign this in the Chamber desiring to vote? canceled, please note that each of these bill without delay. More importantly The result was announced—yeas 75, families is in our prayers, they are in than my urging, 30 different veteran nays 17, as follows: our thoughts, and that we grieve along- organizations urged the President to [Rollcall Vote No. 100 Ex.] side them. sign our resolution. We are going to be YEAS—75 This Memorial Day, reflections are giving a lot of speeches about veterans framed by a world that has really been on the Senate floor and back home Baldwin Blackburn Braun Barrasso Blunt Capito made much smaller by our shared expe- over Memorial Day weekend. Here is a Bennet Boozman Cardin riences with COVID–19. Even so, the chance for the President to stand up

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.049 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2538 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 for the veterans on Memorial Day titled ‘‘fundamentally rigged against I have come to the floor to tell the weekend. defrauded borrowers’’ and give these story of one. I will continue to high- In a March 13 letter to President Americans who served our country not light these stories because we need to Trump, these veterans asked him to just a pat on the back but a chance to put faces on this issue. You need to un- ensure ‘‘that the men and women who get back in the game in their lives. derstand who these people are, these served their country honorably are not American voters are behind us, over- people who are immigrants to this burdened with student loans that re- whelmingly, from both political par- country and willing to risk their lives sult from fraud.’’ ties. New polling by Third Way finds to save ours. I invite my colleagues to I ask unanimous consent that the that voters in key red and swing States do the same. Tell the stories in your March 13 letter to President Trump be believe that the Federal Government own States. I can guarantee you, wher- printed in the RECORD. should not make students who took out ever you are from, there are immigrant There being no objection, the mate- loans to attend fraudulent or mis- health heroes. rial was ordered to be printed in the leading institutions of higher edu- Not to take anything away from RECORD, as follows: cation pay back those loans. those who are not new immigrants, but MARCH 13, 2020. In Ohio, 73 percent of voters believed these people need special attention at a Hon. DONALD J. TRUMP, this, 68 percent in Indiana, 64 percent time when there is so much criticism The White House, in Colorado, 63 percent Pennsylvania, of immigration to this country of im- Washington, DC. 61 percent Missouri and North Caro- migrants. Many of these healthcare DEAR PRESIDENT TRUMP: In August 2019, lina, and 60 percent South Carolina. workers are young immigrants who you stood with veterans in directing the Education Department to ensure that all to- When asked if schools that mislead stu- came here as children. They are known tally and permanently disabled veterans dent borrowers should be held account- as Dreamers. I know because 20 years would have their student loans forgiven. We able, the numbers are dramatically ago, I introduced the DREAM Act so were so grateful to you then. We write now higher, and 95 percent of Republicans that these young people, brought to to ask that you please stand with in North Carolina agree and 91 percent this country as toddlers, infants, and servicemembers, veterans, their families, of Republicans in South Carolina. The little kids, could have a chance to be and survivors again in supporting a bipar- list goes on. part of a future. They are American in tisan resolution, H.J. Res 76, which would The DeVos borrower defense rule every way except their immigration help veterans and military-connected stu- dents get relief from student loans they in- would make it impossible for defrauded status. curred as a result of fraud. borrowers to get the relief that the I joined with Republican Dick Lugar With a bipartisan vote in both the Senate American people and I believe they de- years ago on a bipartisan basis, calling and the House of Representatives, it is clear serve. It will lessen accountability for on the President to use his authority the support of Congress for veterans, the schools that defrauded these bor- to protect these Dreamers from being servicemembers, and their families and sur- rowers. They are just going to do it deported. President Obama responded. vivors stands above partisan politics. again. God forbid we loan these de- He created the DACA Program. DACA Please join us in ensuring that the men frauding schools money in the current provided temporary protection from and women who have served their country honorably are not burdened with student economic crisis so they can continue to deportation to Dreamers if they reg- loans that result from fraud. This has been defraud veterans and other students. istered with the government, paid a an important priority for veterans organiza- This isn’t a controversial issue $500 filing fee, went through a criminal tions as reflected in a letter from 27 veterans among the American people, just background check, and had no serious organizations to the Education Department among politicians. By signing this res- problems. They were allowed to stay 2 and a letter from 37 veterans organizations olution, President Trump will be sup- years at a time, not be deported, and to Congress. porting America’s veterans, Demo- legally work in America. We appreciate your support. cratic and Republican voters. I hope he More than 800,000 Dreamers came for- Sincerely, Air Force Sergeants Association; Army listens. ward and received DACA protection, Aviation Association of America; Associa- f and let me tell you what they did. They turned around and became teach- tion of the United States Navy; AMSUS, the IMMIGRANT HEALTHCARE HEROES Society of Federal Health Professionals; ers, nurses, soldiers, small business Blue Star Families; Chief Warrant & War- Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, Ameri- owners, and 100 other things important rant Officers Association, U.S. Coast Guard; cans owe a great deal of gratitude to to America. Code of Support Foundation; Fleet Reserve healthcare workers on the frontlines of Listen to this: More than 200,000 Association; High Ground Veterans Advo- the fight against the COVID–19 pan- DACA recipients are essential critical cacy; Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of demic. I can’t tell you how many infrastructure workers. I didn’t make America; Ivy League Veterans Council; Nor- man Rosenshein, Jewish War Veterans of the heartbreaking stories I have read of that up; that number came out of USA. these healthcare workers who are so President Trump’s own Department of The Military Chaplains Assn. of the USA; depressed over the number of infec- Homeland Security. Among these es- John Ballantyne, Senior Vice President and tions, the suffering that people are sential workers are 41,700 DACA recipi- Chief Operating Officer, Military Child Edu- going through, and, of course, those ents in the healthcare industry. These cation Coalition; Dana T. Atkins, Military whose lives have been taken by this include doctors, intensive care nurses, Officers Association of America; Douglas J. coronavirus. I can’t imagine what it is paramedics, and respiratory therapists. Greenlaw, Military Order of the Purple like physically and mentally, what Understand this: These are undocu- Heart; National Military Family Associa- tion; Non Commissioned Officers Assn. of the they go through. Bless them. Bless mented people in America, brought United States of America; Service to School; them for caring enough for us and for here as children, grew up here, went to Service Women’s Action Network; Student our families to risk their own lives and school here, got an education, devel- Veterans of America; Swords to Plowshares; go to work every single day. oped skills and training, and now we Laura L’Esperance, The Mission Continues. I want to spend a minute talking need them in this pandemic—41,700 of Kenneth Greenberg, The Retired Enlisted about a special group of these them. Association; Tragedy Assistance Program for healthcare workers—immigrants. That On September 5, 2017, President Survivors; Randy Reid, U.S. Coast Guard is right—immigrants. Consider this: 1 Trump repealed DACA. Hundreds of Chief Petty Officers Association & Enlisted Association; Veterans Education Success; in 6 healthcare and social service work- thousands of Dreamers faced losing Danielle Applegate, Vets First; Veterans for ers is an immigrant; 3.1 million out of their work permits and being deported Common Sense; Robert F. Muth, Veterans 18.7 million. Over 3 million immi- from this country to places that many Legal Clinic, University of San Diego School grants. of them barely remember. Thank good- of Law; Veterans Student Loan Relief Fund; These immigrants are playing a cru- ness the court stepped in to stop the Vietnam Veterans of America. cial role in the battle against the pan- President’s action, but the President Mr. DURBIN. President Trump has demic. Yet, the President continues to decided to appeal the case, and now, the opportunity to be the one who res- disparage them falsely, claiming they across the street in the Supreme Court, cues these defrauded veterans from a are a drain on society. He wishes they they are sitting on a case that will de- rule that the American Legion has en- would leave. I hope they never do. cide the fate of 800,000 of these DACA

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.044 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2539 protectees, many of them—thousands worked; just take a look at this empty healthcare hero. He is an immigrant of them healthcare workers who are Chamber. healthcare hero. He puts himself and doing essential work every day. We can Over the years, I have come to the his family at risk in order to save get a decision from the Court any day. floor of the Senate more than 100 times American lives. He shouldn’t have to Will we be better off if 41,000 of these to tell the stories of Dreamers. I want worry about a decision across the DACA healthcare professionals are de- you to know who they are. These sto- street at the Supreme Court which ported from this country in the midst ries show what is at stake when we would deport him back to a country he of this pandemic? No sensible person consider the future of DACA. cannot even remember. believes we would be. If the Court rules Today, I want to tell you about We must do better. We are better in favor of President Trump, up to Javier Quiroz Castro. Here is Javier than that as a country, to say to some- 200,000 essential workers in America dressed for work. He is the 121st one like Javier: Well, thank you for would be sidelined in the middle of this Dreamer whose story I have told on the working so darn hard. Thank you for national emergency. Many of them Senate floor. getting through nursing school with face deportation. Javier’s parents brought him to the the highest grades. Thank you for your I sent a letter to the President, with United States when he was 3 years old. professionalism. Thank you for risking 37 of my Senate colleagues last month, He grew up in Nashville, TN. His father your life for America. But I am sorry, urging him to extend the work author- worked in construction as a bricklayer. buddy, you are undocumented. Get out ization for DACA recipients to the end His mother cleaned homes and office of the country. of the year. It is not too much to ask. buildings. As the oldest child and the The bill that passed the House would They have lived in this country for best English speaker, Javier took care protect him until the end of the year— years, and they passed a criminal back- of his three younger siblings and until the end of the year. Yet Members ground check. helped his family navigate the chal- come to the floor and mock this bill For goodness’ sake, Mr. President, lenges of being in America. and say: Oh, you are trying to give don’t get tough on these people when Javier went to a private Christian things away to illegal immigrants. Ille- we need them the most. college in Nashville, Lipscomb Univer- gal immigrants like Javier? Get real. But if you consider what the Presi- sity. At Lipscomb, he discovered his Get serious. Be human. dent said about immigrants over and love of nursing. He enrolled in the We have to do better for Javier and over again, I know it is unlikely that school of nursing and did his clinical the DACA recipients. They are count- he is going to have a moment of caring training at Vanderbilt Medical Center. ing on us—those of us in the Senate— when it comes to their future, so Con- Javier graduated in May 2013 with his to solve this crisis created by President gress has to step in. bachelor’s in science of nursing. Javier Trump’s action. The HEROES Act, which the House of received the Spirit of Nursing Award, As long as I am a Senator, I will con- Representatives passed last week and which each year is given to only one tinue to come to the floor of the Sen- which we did not even consider this nursing student who has best delivered ate to advocate for Javier and the week in the U.S. Senate, includes a quality care. Dreamers. I have done it for a long provision to automatically extend Because President Obama established time, but the job is not finished. It work authorizations for DACA recipi- DACA in 2012, Javier had a chance. Be- would be an American tragedy to de- ents. This is what they are talking fore that, he had no chance to become port this brave and talented nurse who about when critics of that House action a registered nurse in this country. But is saving lives in Houston, TX, as we come to the floor and talk about all he had a chance, and he took advan- speak. We must ensure that Javier and the benefits for undocumented people tage of it. hundreds of thousands of others in our living in this country—the extension of Javier now lives in Houston, TX, and essential workforce are not forced to DACA protection for thousands of es- works at Houston Methodist Hospital. stop working when we need them the sential workers in this country who are He is part of the team taking care of most. protected by DACA. patients with COVID–19. This is what Ultimately, we need to pass legisla- They say: Oh, it sounds like they are he wears to work. tion that demonstrates who we are, opening the doors for illegal people to Javier wrote me a letter. Here is what we believe in, and what our val- come in here and get royal treatment what he said: ues are. What does it say about Amer- in America. Thanks to DACA, I have been able to save ica if we say to Javier ‘‘We don’t need The opposite is true. These are people a lot of lives. I have been able to be there you’’? We do. We need him and so many who are risking their lives providing with patients at their final moments of life. just like him who are performing es- healthcare and essential services I have been able to take care of people of sential services at this time of national across America. The HEROES Act that many different backgrounds, nationalities, emergency. passed in the House of Representatives races, socioeconomic levels, and cultures. I yield the floor. simply said we are not going to deport This wouldn’t be complete if I didn’t The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- them. What a radical suggestion, that introduce you to Javier’s daughter. ator from Ohio. we could use their help and we need Take a look at this beautiful little girl. f their help through the rest of the year. This is Isabelle Quiroz. A few weeks We certainly do. Those who come and ago, she took her first steps. I bet you THOUSAND TALENTS PLAN mock this provision by saying it is just she is about the same age as my grand- Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, last a giveaway to illegal immigrants are daughter, whose birthday is Friday of week I came to the floor of the Senate really doing a disservice to these peo- this week. She is about to take her to talk about how the tragic spread of ple and the sacrifice they are making. first steps too. This beautiful little the coronavirus around the world un- Ultimately, we need to give these girl, Javier’s little girl, her faith and derscored the need for us to focus on Dreamers a chance to become citizens. future are at stake, too, in this debate the persistent challenge of China not I believe it now, and I have believed it in the U.S. Senate. playing by the rules. for 20 years. It has been that long since I want to wish Isabelle a happy birth- In the case of coronavirus, that was I introduced the DREAM Act, a bipar- day tomorrow and my little grand- about China not telling the World tisan bill, which would accomplish daughter Jill a happy birthday on Fri- Health Organization, not telling other that. day. countries, and not telling their own Last year, the Congress passed the Javier’s wife is also a nurse. She and people what was happening in terms of Dream and Promise Act, which would Javier worry every day about not in- the coronavirus and not taking steps to have solved this problem based on the fecting their baby daughter as they go stop international travel early on. DREAM Act. The vote was 237 to 187 in to work to save other people, but they That wasn’t playing by the WHO the House. Leader MCCONNELL has re- still get up every day and go to work to rules—the World Health Organization fused to even consider calling that care for their patients. rules—and the result has been devasta- measure for consideration in the Sen- I want to thank Javier Quiroz Castro tion. It has meant the spread of the ate. And it isn’t because we are over- for his service. He is indeed a virus. So much of that devastation we

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.045 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2540 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 have seen around the globe, in my Specifically, the Chinese Government vard professor named Dr. Charles view, could have been avoided had they has systematically targeted the most Lieber, who was the chair of Harvard played by the rules. promising U.S. researchers. So they University’s chemistry department, Unfortunately, not playing by the find out somebody is doing some re- was accused of secretly taking money rules applies to China in many other search on something interesting to from China and sharing his U.S. tax- areas too. We have talked a lot about them, and they systematically target payer-funded research with the Chinese trade on the floor of the Senate, to be that person. They have been paying Government. It was really a shocking sure that there is a level playing field these grant recipients to take their re- example of this. between China and the United States search—remember, research paid for by But he is not the only case. In March, and making sure they play by the U.S. taxpayer dollars—and apply what we received news of another arrest of a international trading rules. But here is they have learned here in labs over in professor who used to work at West another one where China and the Chi- China at Chinese universities affiliated Virginia University who participated nese Communist Party have not played with the Chinese Communist Party. in Thousand Talents. In this case, the by the rules, and that is with regard to The research they are taking over to Justice Department found that he had obtaining our intellectual property, China isn’t just going toward academic convinced his employer—a U.S. public our innovation, and our research. purposes. That wouldn’t be right, ei- university—to give him paid parental In the Permanent Subcommittee on ther, because our taxpayer dollars are leave funded by American taxpayers Investigations, which I chair, we found going in to fund this research. They are while he went to China to work at a not playing by the rules to be the case then leapfrogging us by getting that university there to continue his work when we conducted a bipartisan, year- research. But it is not just for aca- on specializing molecular reactions long investigation into how China has demic purposes. Often, the research used in coal conversion technologies. used so-called talent recruitment pro- ends up going directly into things like This is from West Virginia University. grams—most notably its Thousand Tal- advancing China’s military, which has These two cases would be bad enough ents Plan—to steal U.S. taxpayer-fund- made great strides in the last two dec- on their own, but since the start of this ed research to help fuel the rise to both ades, advancing its technological month, we have actually had three the Chinese military and the Chinese growth, its economy, its manufac- more cases announced by the Depart- economy over the past 20 years. It has turing processes, and so on. ment of Justice and the FBI in relation been going on for two decades. A State Department witness at one to this Thousand Talents program. I You might ask, how has this hap- of our Senate hearings on our report commend the DOJ and the FBI for pened? How could this be possible? This said this: ‘‘The Chinese Communist their work to continue to crack down is how it happens. Every year, Federal Party has declared the Chinese univer- on this program and to go after these grant-making agencies, like the Na- sity system to be on the front line of problems, but they need better tools to tional Institutes of Health, the Depart- military-civilian fusion efforts for do it. ment of Energy and their National technology acquisition.’’ So there is a About 2 weeks ago, a former Emory Labs, the National Science Founda- clear link here between the research University professor pled guilty to fal- tion, and others, give out more than going to these Chinese university labs sifying his tax returns to conceal his $150 billion in U.S. taxpayer funds for and that same research being used to work for the Chinese Government. The research. That is quite a bit of money. professor worked simultaneously and For the most part, this system works allow China to effectively leapfrog us secretly for 6 years for both Emory well. American taxpayers send the in terms of their military improve- University and overseas for Chinese money to these Federal grant-making ments and their economic growth. Part of the reason it has gone on so universities affiliated with the Com- agencies here in Washington, which long, frankly, is because we have been munist Party of China, conducting then give it out to the best researchers and the best research labs in the coun- asleep at the switch. We haven’t been similar research projects at both insti- try. It has resulted in important new focused on this. We do have an open, tutions. Despite this clear conflict of breakthroughs in science, technology, collaborative research system in this interest, he failed to report any of his healthcare, energy, military equip- country, and we haven’t been effective at least $500,000 in foreign income on ment, and more. at cracking down on this intellectual his Federal tax returns. The NSF helped fund the creation of property theft. That is starting to That very same day, a professor at the internet. The NIH has funded re- change, and I am appreciative of that. the University of Arkansas was ar- search into very successful and innova- It started to change, frankly, in the rested on charges of wire fraud for al- tive treatments for cancer and other wake of our subcommittee investiga- legedly failing to disclose his ties to diseases. So there is a lot of good stuff tion. The Permanent Subcommittee on the Chinese Government, despite being coming out of these research dollars. It Investigations hearings also helped. required to do so as a grant recipient of has made America really the leader in Our report also helped. During one of money from NASA—NASA. the world on innovation and new ideas. our hearings, the FBI actually ac- Just this past week, we found out For the most part, this Federal re- knowledged what has been happening. that this problem had reached my search funding has enjoyed broad bi- This is what the FBI said: ‘‘With our home State of Ohio when the Depart- partisan support here in the Congress. present-day knowledge of the threat ment of Justice announced the arrest But guess what. It has also attracted from Chinese talent plans, we wish we of a researcher previously affiliated interest from researchers around the had taken more rapid and comprehen- with the world-renowned Cleveland world who want the chance to take a sive action in the past, and the time to Clinic. This researcher had received part in this cutting-edge research. make up for that is now.’’ I appreciate more than $3.6 million in taxpayer- That is good, too, as long as they play the candor. I appreciate the fact that funded grants from the National Insti- by the rules. the FBI was willing to say: Now that tutions of Health—again, taxpayer dol- What we have learned and we proved we have learned all of this, we should lars. To secure that grant, he is ac- through our report is that this system have been acting on this a long time cused of lying to hide the fact that he is very vulnerable to theft by other ago. We are going to do it now and was given a deanship at the university countries. That is exactly what has make up for lost time. in Wuhan, China. happened in the case of China. They have been much more aggres- He is also accused of lying about his China has made no secret that its sive. Since our hearing and detailed re- Chinese Government-funded research goal is to surpass the United States as port last November, we have seen a directly overlapping with his NIH-fund- the world leader in scientific research. number of high-profile arrests of aca- ed research. According to the criminal They have seen an opportunity to get demics in this country who have con- complaint, he received $3 million in ahead by exploiting this system of tax- sistently hidden their participation in funding from China to run a shadow lab payer-funded grants and the open and China’s Thousand Talents program and in Wuhan to replicate his Cleveland collaborative research enterprise that have taken research over to China. Clinic research, along with free travel we have in this country. They have You may remember hearing about and free lodging funded by the Chinese taken advantage of that. this issue earlier this week when a Har- Government. It says he even admitted

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.051 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2541 that he hand-carried samples of bio- after the Thousand Talents partici- We are very proud of the fact that we logical material from Cleveland, OH, to pants by allowing DOJ to hold Federal are the most innovative country in the Wuhan. Those samples are still stored, grant recipients accountable for failing world and we are known for our re- by the way, in China. to disclose their foreign ties on Federal search enterprise. We want to continue It also states that he did not disclose grant applications. This isn’t just that, but we want to do it in a smart that one of his Chinese grants required about more arrests, either. We should way. We want to be sure that we are that he be in Wuhan for 10 months of all agree that transparency and hon- keeping China and other nations and the year at the same time he was also esty in grant applications are critical competitors from stealing that re- employed full time at the Cleveland to the integrity of U.S. research, and search for its own purposes. I know we Clinic, again, working on NIH-funded this provision will help to promote can achieve that balance. Our legisla- research. those principles. tion does that. I commend the Cleveland Clinic for Our bill makes other important I look forward to getting support working with the FBI and the U.S. At- changes, as well, based on the rec- from both sides of the aisle because torney’s Office to ensure that we were ommendations in our report. It re- this is a problem we should all be con- able to stop this from happening. quires the Office of Management and cerned about. As a Thousand Talents member, the Budget, or OMB, to streamline and co- I yield the floor. criminal complaint also alleges that ordinate grant-making between these The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- this individual recruited around 40 to Federal agencies, so there is needed ac- ator from Louisiana. 50 other U.S.-based researchers for his countability and transparency when it f Chinese university by hosting events at comes to tracking the billions of dol- UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST— Harvard and other schools in the lars of taxpayer funds in grant money S. 3608 United States. that is being distributed. This is a big deal, and it needs to We have worked closely with NSF, Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I want stop. I commend the Assistant Attor- NIH, Department of Energy, and others to talk for a few minutes about the ney General for National Security, on this important piece of legislation. Coronavirus Relief Fund Flexibility for John Demers, for his work on this and They agree it is important. It allows State and Local Government Act. Be- other cases and also U.S. Attorney Jus- the State Department to deny visas to fore I get to my motion, I just want to tin Herdman of the Northern District foreign researchers who are seeking to make a couple of points. of Ohio, FBI Special Agent in Charge access sensitive U.S. research when Point 1, as you know, we have passed Eric Smith, and all the members of there is a threat to our economic or four bills dealing with the pool of mis- their team for their work on this our national security. This may sur- ery America and the world find them- Cleveland Clinic case. selves in with respect to the Again, these cases are all positive prise you, but they can’t do that now. coronavirus. We have spent a breath- steps in the right direction, but the Career Foreign Service officers and em- taking amount of money. I never imag- problem, as you might notice, is that ployees of the State Department have ined that I would vote for bills of the none of these criminal charges and ar- begged us for that authority. magnitude that I have voted for, but rests were actually based on partici- Our bill also requires research insti- we all did what we had to do. pating in a Thousand Talents program tutions to have safeguards in place to If you add up the four bills, we have or even hiding that from the U.S. Gov- prohibit unauthorized access to sen- spent $3 trillion so far. I have expressed ernment research institutions or uni- sitive research because we found that it this way before, but I am going to versities. The criminal charges and ar- to be a serious problem. And our bill keep doing it because it is just a rests were all for other crimes, like ensures transparency by requiring uni- breathtaking amount of money: $3 tril- perjury, wire fraud, and tax evasion. versities to report any foreign gift of lion is 3–0-0–0-0–0-0–0-0–0-0–0-0 taxpayer That is because, amazingly, failing to $50,000 or more, and it empowers the dollars. We may have to spend another disclose on a grant application to re- Department of Education to fine uni- ceive U.S.-taxpayer funds that you are versities that repeatedly fail to dis- $3 trillion. As you know, we set up some facili- receiving compensation—clear conflict close these gifts. ties at the Federal Reserve. They are of interest—from a foreign government Right now, our No. 1 priority is and and giving them your research is not should be solving the coronavirus cri- called 13(3) facilities, through which currently a crime. That needs to sis. I get that. By the way, the FBI the Federal Reserve is loaning money change. sent a notice around last week to uni- to American businesses to try to keep One example: The Emory University versities and research institutions say- them afloat after the government shut professor, according to the law, only ing: Watch out because there are actu- down the American economy. committed tax fraud, while the Arkan- ally Chinese hackers trying to get your The Federal Reserve cannot lose sas professor only committed wire research on coronavirus. It just hap- money. I am not suggesting that all $3 fraud. The fact that these are tech- pened last week. trillion that the Federal Reserve ends nically only financial crimes show that I have to tell you that in the context up loaning out will remain unpaid. I we are still just nibbling around the of this crisis, we have to reevaluate hope not. But for the portion that does edges of this problem. It is time for us how we do business with China. We go into default, we are going to have to to get at the underlying flaw in our re- have to look at this with fresh eyes and appropriate money to cover those search enterprise of talent programs realize that in many areas China has losses. We already appropriated $450 enticing researchers here in the United not been playing by the same set of billion, but if the losses go higher, we States to steal for other countries. We rules as the rest of the world. have to cover them. are going to need targeted legislation We talked about that earlier, with re- We have spent $3 trillion for certain that will take direct action against gard to trade and with regard to re- and, potentially, we are going to have this practice, and that is exactly what porting on the coronavirus. I think in a to spend another $3 trillion. It is a we have done. fair and straightforward manner, we staggering amount of money. The en- Along with a group of colleagues, in- have to lead in insisting that there be tire U.S. economy, the greatest econ- cluding Democrat TOM CARPER, the a level playing field, whether it is the omy in all of human history, to put ranking member of the Permanent WHO or whether it is transparency things in context, is $21 trillion a year. Subcommittee on Investigations, we with coronavirus or trade policy or That is how much we produce a year if are introducing the Safeguarding how research is acquired. you add up all the goods and services American Innovation Act, which is My hope is that our PSI report and that we, as Americans, produce. going to build on the recommendations the legislation we are introducing will As you know, Speaker PELOSI has in- made in our PSI report and address let us reset the way we conduct our re- troduced yet another bill, a fifth bill. some of these root causes of the ongo- search. Our goal should be to continue The House has passed it. It was on a ing IP theft that is currently going on. to reward those who come to our shores party-line vote. I think one Republican First and foremost, our bill is going and discover new breakthroughs in voted for the bill. A number of Demo- to help the Department of Justice go science and technology. We want that. crats voted against it. It was a close

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.052 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2542 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 vote, but the House passed it at Speak- in a pejorative sense. If she takes out ited Florida, it was a mess, and he er PELOSI’s suggestion. It would cost all the goodies that remake Western cleaned it up. another $3 trillion. civilization in her bill, I am not sure So when he and others make the I have to tell you, when I first heard that the leftwing of her party in the point that we shouldn’t bail out mis- about the bill and after I looked at the House is going to vote for it. What I am managed States, I agree with that. But bill, I was very, very surprised. I was saying is, for better or worse, I am not I can’t divorce myself from the fact shocked. I don’t mean to overstate my sure there is going to be a fifth bill. that every State—mismanaged, well case. I didn’t faint or anything, but That is point 2. managed, medium managed, poorly maybe it would be fair to say that my Point 3, let me go back to our managed—has revenue losses as a re- emotions were a cross between surprise CARES Act. In our CARES Act, we sult of the coronavirus. That doesn’t and shocked. spent an enormous amount of money to mean that they shouldn’t cut their It is not a coronavirus bill. It is a help States and to help local govern- budgets. That doesn’t mean that they ‘‘remake American society’’ bill. For ments. We gave $150 billion directly to shouldn’t scrub their budgets. We one thing, it would cost another $3 tril- States and cities to combat the ought to do it at the Federal level. lion. I am not going to recite the zeros coronavirus. We appropriated extra That will happen, too, when donkeys again, but $3 trillion is $3,000 billion on money on top of that for public fly. We expect our friends at the State top of the money we have already schools. We appropriated extra money level and at the local level to scrub spent. It really would remake Amer- on top of that $150 billion for univer- their budgets, but I still think they are ican society. sities. We appropriated extra money on going to come up short. I worry that if The Speaker included provisions top of all that for our hospitals, many they do that and they have to start about immigration laws. A lot of tax- of which are public. laying off first responders, it is going payer money would be given to people We appropriated extra money on top to hurt the recovery. who are in our country illegally. It of all of that to give States extra Med- Now, not everybody agrees with what would let Federal prisoners go free. It icaid money. My State received $1.8 I have just said, and not everybody would expand the Affordable Care Act, billion for State and local government, agrees with Senator SCOTT’s position. which even President Obama calls $300 million for public schools, $200 mil- Reasonable people disagree sometimes. Obamacare. I remember when lion for universities, over $600 million But this much I also know: Whether ObamaCare passed. We were promised— and climbing for our hospitals, and you agree or disagree for the next 6 President Obama promised—that if you extra Medicaid money. It is about $3.5 months, Senator SCOTT is not going to pass this bill, health insurance will be billion in Louisiana. That is a lot of convince, for example, Governor cheaper, and it will be more accessible, money along the bayou. Cuomo of New York to adopt his posi- and your life will be better. None of I want to dissuade people who say we tion. I am pretty confident of that. And those things have any resemblance to haven’t done anything for State and over the next 6 months, Governor reality. local government. We have. We have Cuomo is not going to convince—I Of course, I could go on about Speak- done a lot. That is point 3. know this—Senator SCOTT to adopt his er PELOSI’s legislation. It is not going Point 4, I am not guaranteeing it is position. In the meantime, we have a to pass the Senate. I suspect she knows my final point, but I intend it to be. problem to deal with. that. What is going to happen next in Point 4, the $1.8 billion that we gave I will make one final point. Some of this opera? Well, if past is prologue, State and local government has re- my colleagues have said: KENNEDY, we the majority leader and the minority strictions. It can only be spent com- don’t need your bill because the Treas- leader in the Senate and the majority bating the coronavirus. If you don’t ury Department through the Secretary leader in the House and the Speaker spend it combating the coronavirus, of Treasury has issued directives say- and Secretary Mnuchin—all of whom I you are supposed to give it back. That ing that the money can be used for have respect for—will go off and they will happen when donkeys fly. We will first responders. will negotiate a deal, and then they never see that money again. It is spent, Now, look, I am a big Secretary will come back and they will present it for better or worse. And I voted for the Mnuchin fan. I think he has been a to the Senate and the House. I could be bill. I don’t think any fairminded per- rockstar through this process, but I wrong, of course. I am in labor, not son can deny the fact—and I think it is don’t understand this concept of a di- management. I could be wrong, of a fact—that as a result of the rective. I know what a rule is. I know course, but the bill will not go through coronavirus, just as the Federal Gov- what a regulation is. I know what due regular order. It will never be consid- ernment has had and will have revenue process is. I know what the Adminis- ered by committee. We probably will shortfalls, so will State governments trative Procedure Act is, and I don’t not be allowed to amend the bill be- and so will cities. People haven’t been think a directive fits into those cat- cause a deal has been made. It will be paying sales tax because they haven’t egories. ‘‘take it or leave it.’’ been buying stuff. People haven’t been I also know that a Secretary of a de- Now, if past is prologue, given the paying income tax at the State and partment, no matter how bright and circumstances, people will moan and local levels because they haven’t been capable and talented he may be, cannot groan, but they will vote for the bill, working. I wish that weren’t the case, change an act of Congress, and the whether they know what is in it or not, but it is a fact. CARES Act doesn’t say a dadgum thing whether they were included in the dis- My bill would say to those States and about using this money for first re- cussions or not. That is what happened cities: You can use the $1.8 billion to sponders. If I am a Governor, I am with the CARES Act. offset revenue shortfalls. Some of my going to worry that, if I do spend the I am not sure that is going to happen colleagues for whom I have great re- money without an act of Congress, that this time. I am not sure that this time spect—one of them is here tonight, someday: Knock, knock, knock on my the non-negotiating Senators and Senator RICK SCOTT, and I mean that. door. Hello? I am from the government. House Members are going to moo and He was a heck of a Governor. He is a In fact, I am an inspector general, and follow their leaders into the chute like heck of a Senator. They have argued I want to see your books, and I have cows. I think this time might be dif- that we shouldn’t give that flexibility looked at your books, and I want you ferent. I am not saying that is a good because some States are mismanaged. I to give that money back. It has hap- or bad thing. It depends on what the agree with that. I do. If I were King for pened before. deal is. I am raising the possibility. a day and had a magic wand, I would The only way to give our friends in Speaker PELOSI could eliminate take all of the many measures that State and local government security is every other word in her bill and cut the then-Governor SCOTT implemented in for us to pass law, not for the bureauc- price tag in half and I still don’t think Florida and say we need to do these in racy to tell us what we did. We know that the Republicans of the Senate are every State. We can debate whether what we did. going to support it. If she takes out all that would violate federalism, but I Look, I know that some on my side the goodies for the leftwing—the left watched him carefully as Governor. He of the aisle disagree with me, and I leftwing—of her party—I don’t use that was a great Governor. When he inher- have learned a little bit in 31⁄2 years. I

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.054 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2543 have learned two things mostly. I spective, Congress has spent $9,000 for mismanaging Illinois taxpayer dollars. learned this the first week: Everybody every American—$9,000 for every Amer- The Chicago Tribune said: up here who smiles at you is not your ican. Preparing for the next recession and the friend. And, No. 2, I have learned up At some point, we need to start next unanticipated crisis—think pandemic— here you have got to watch what peo- thinking about the impact this spend- is a huge component of leadership. So when ple do, not what they say. ing will have on the future of our chil- our politicians whimper that they’re helpless This bill is not coming to the floor of dren and our grandchildren and how we in the face of disaster, remember: They and the U.S. Senate anytime soon. I know their forebears had decades in which to pre- are impacting our ability to fund our pare for whatever would surprise them. In- that. I get it. I am just saying it military and our safety nets like Social stead they chose to borrow more money, should. I am saying it if it does—if it Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. spend on new programs and watch their pen- does—it will get 90 votes. I am saying, Again, I know everyone here, includ- sion indebtedness sore. finally, that these revenue losses are ing my colleague from Louisiana, American families make responsible real. Managed, mismanaged—we can wants to help their State. I want to budgetary decisions every day. Suc- debate that forever. They are real, and help States too, which is why I support cessful companies make responsible we have got to get this economy up and continuing the existing restrictions budget decisions every day. Well-man- going again. If States are laying off tied to the coronavirus relief fund that aged States like Florida have done it teachers and first responders and po- were included in the CARES Act to for years. It is time for New York, Illi- licemen and firemen and people at pub- make sure this spending is for nois, and California to do the same. lic hospitals or raising taxes, it is coronavirus relief and response. Re- Let’s look at—and my colleague said going to be that much harder. That is gardless of whether we are removing some of this: We have given States $150 why we ought to pass my bill. existing guardrails or talking about billion—billion—for their COVID ex- It doesn’t spend a single, solitary completely new funding, both actions penses. new penny—no new money. It just would result in a blank-check bailout Now, to put that in perspective, with gives Governors and mayors a little for States. hurricanes, we don’t give 100 percent. more flexibility. Let’s remember, we are talking about We had four major hurricanes while I For that reason, I have to read this $150 billion. To put that in perspective, was Governor. The Federal Govern- long script. the median income for a worker in ment, one, did not cover all the ex- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Florida is approximately $30,000; $150 pense of the hurricane and did not sent that, at a time to be determined billion will pay the total annual in- cover any budget shortfalls I had, any by the majority leader in consultation come for more than 5 million Florid- lost revenues I had, which I had when with the Democratic leader, the Com- ians. tourists couldn’t come during a hurri- mittee on Appropriations be discharged And let’s talk about who we are bail- cane and after. from further consideration of S. 3608 ing out here: Not those on unemploy- Five hundred billion dollars in short- and the Senate proceed to its imme- ment, we took care of them in the term loan opportunities for municipal diate consideration; I further ask unan- CARES Act; not our teachers, we took governments, $45 billion in FEMA dis- imous consent that there be 2 hours of care of them in the CARES Act; not aster funds, $30 billion for education, debate, equally divided between the our healthcare workers, we took care and we have no earthly idea whether proponents and the opponents of the of them in the CARES Act. education costs have gone down or bill, and that upon the use or yielding We are bailing out liberal politicians gone up. I would assume education back of that time, the Kennedy sub- who cannot live within their means, costs have gone down; $34 billion for stitute amendment No. 1581 be consid- and now, we are asking Floridians to mass transit community grants; $270 ered and agreed to; that the bill, as pay for the incompetency of Governors billion for emergency appropriations; amended, be considered read a third like Andrew Cuomo. We know Cali- $50 billion for Medicaid, and, again, we time, and that the Senate vote on pas- fornia, New York, and Illinois have no haven’t seen it, but I would assume our sage of the bill, as amended, with a 60 problem using hard-earned taxpayer Medicaid costs so far have gone down. affirmative vote threshold for passage dollars to fund their liberal priorities Then on top of it, through the small with no intervening action or debate; and to backfill their budget shortfalls business relief, individual checks, un- finally, if passed, the motion to recon- and solve their longstanding fiscal employment, we have given our States sider be considered made and laid upon problems. But it is not fair to the citi- another $1.3 trillion. the table. zens of States like Florida, where we Now, put that in perspective, their The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there made the hard choices to put our State annual revenues, not including Federal objection? on a financially secure path. dollars, is a little over $1 trillion a The Senator from Florida. The Wall Street Journal laid it out year, so look at what we have already Mr. SCOTT of Florida. Mr. President, clearly for us this week when they spent. So as you can see from this reserving the right to object. said: chart, Congress has already allocated The first thing I want to do is I want Democrats in Albany are claiming to be billions in direct and indirect aid to to thank my colleague from Louisiana victims of events that are out of their con- States and localities. for the kind words about my tenure as trol. But they have increased annual spend- Total direct funding from the Federal Governor and tell him I respect and ad- ing by $43 billion since 2010—about $570,000 Government exceeds $1 trillion dol- mire his passion for being a U.S. Sen- for each additional person. Florida’s annual lars—trillion. Even this doesn’t begin ator and his passion for the wonderful budget has increased by $28 billion while its to account for another $1.3 trillion in State of Louisiana, which is a wonder- population has grown by 2.7 million—a indirect assistance to small businesses, ful State. $10,400 increase per new resident. individuals, and increased unemploy- As we all know, this is a challenging New York has a top state-and-local tax rate of 12.7 percent, while Florida has no in- ment benefits to families in all of our time for every level of government. come tax. Yet New York has a growing budg- States. This crisis was unprecedented, and et deficit, while Mr. SCOTT, as Governor of These numbers, as my colleague has Congress absolutely took bold action Florida, inherited a large deficit but built a said, are staggering, what we have al- to stem the spread of the virus and surplus and paid down State debt. The dif- ready spent. We have to get serious work to save our economy. But if we ference is spending. about how we are spending taxpayer are not careful, Congress will create The Wall Street Journal concluded: money and the fact that this year’s another equally devastating crisis The policy question is why taxpayers in Federal budget deficit will be the larg- down the road, a crisis of our own mak- Florida and other well-managed States est in the history of our Nation. ing. should pay higher taxes to rescue an Albany While it may be tempting and easy to Our national debt and deficits—al- political class that refuses to restrain its tax believe that removing the restrictions ready at unsustainable levels—have and spend governance . . . Mr. Scott is right. on the coronavirus relief fund will sat- skyrocketed as Congress has spent, as The Wall Street Journal is right, so isfy States looking for a bailout, I am my colleague said, almost $3 trillion to is the Chicago Tribune, which called afraid that we are all mistaken. It will address this crisis. To put that in per- out its own State leaders this week for never be enough. These funds are still

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.056 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2544 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 needed, one, for coronavirus relief, and, This crisis is unlike anything we have worked a lot in, and he is talking unfortunately, many States have not have ever seen. I mean, it has dev- about the increase he has seen in do- been shy about their desire for hun- astated so many families. It has turned mestic violence and human trafficking dreds of billions of dollars in taxpayer our lives upside down. It has put an and the calls that have increased, the bailouts for their liberal agendas. enormous strain on our healthcare sys- number of suicides. I am not going to let this happen. I tem; and our frontline healthcare This is all troubling. This kind of a think about this in the context of my workers, our researchers, our first re- crisis, therefore, requires swift and de- seven grandchildren. We cannot saddle sponders are working around the clock cisive action to ensure that we have them and children like them all across to help patients and look for treat- got the resources and the help to be our great country with mountains of ments. For the past couple of months, able to respond to both the healthcare debt. Right now, the debt stands at every American has been asked to do crisis, which we have to address on the over $77,000 per American. his or her part through social coronavirus front, but also on the eco- Now, think about that for a second. distancing, through doing smart things nomic and the broader societal issues The median income for Americans is like wearing masks, like being sure we talked about here and how it im- about $33,000, and we already have put that we are doing all we can within our pacts us and the rest of our lives. It is them on the hook for $77,000—$9,000 home, within our workplace, and out in a tough balance. just with what we have done this year. public to stop the spread of the dan- I think, for the most part, Congress Now, to put that in perspective, after gerous virus. and the Trump administration have the first 200 years of this country’s ex- I think these have helped. I think done that. They have responded swiftly istence, national debt per person was these measures have made a difference, and correctly with major new legisla- around $3—$3, after 200 years—and now, and I think we are in a better place by tion. We came together here in Con- we are at $77,000. most metrics on the public health dan- gress, on a bipartisan basis, to pass leg- I think about that in the context of a ger. I just saw the numbers from Ohio islation already that has addressed the Social Security recipient like my a moment ago here, and we have fewer healthcare crisis the virus has caused. mom. How are we helping people like new positive cases today than we have We have also passed legislation that my mom when we run multiple tril- had over the past week or the past few has helped the economic crisis caused lion-dollar deficits and grow our na- weeks on average, and so we are begin- by government at all levels effectively tional debt to an excess of $26 trillion? ning to make progress, but it has come pumping the brakes on the economy. What happens to those living on fixed at an enormous cost to our economy, The legislation that has been en- incomes when our deficits and national and I would say even at an enormous acted, of course, isn’t perfect. It is debt cause high inflation? cost to our culture and our society. thousands of pages, and it is now four I grew up in a poor family in public Since the crisis began a couple of different bills that have been passed al- housing. My mom worked three jobs months ago, more than 36 million ready. I think it was necessary for us and my parents—my adopted dad and Americans have lost their jobs or filed to act quickly, in a unified manner, my mom—were constantly struggling for unemployment. Some estimates and on a bipartisan basis to get stuff for work. Even though my mom had no show that we could potentially hit a 25- done around here. By the way, that bi- money, she told me: You are the percent unemployment rate before this partisanship has been a welcome luckiest kid alive because you grew up is over. I think we probably will. By change because that is not typical for in this country. She was optimistic, the way, that would match the worst of this place. and she was hopeful. She told us that our country’s unemployment that we So far, on each of the 4 pieces of leg- we were blessed because God and our have ever seen, and that would be dur- islation we passed to respond to the Founders created the greatest country ing the Great Depression. That is challenges of this pandemic, an aver- ever, where anything was possible. where we are headed. age of 500 of the 535 Members of both To take away the same opportunities Some small businesses have had to the House and Senate have voted in I had to live the American Dream from close their doors; others are teetering favor of passage. That is how bipar- our children and grandchildren would right on the brink of bankruptcy. Hos- tisan it has been. Five hundred of the not only be a political failure, it would pitals have been closed for needed pro- 535, on average, have voted yes on be an abdication of our moral responsi- cedures like mammograms and cancer these 4 pieces of legislation. bility. screenings. More are being missed These are not small bills. Combined, It is time we make the hard choices every day, and basic healthcare is at the funds provided by these first four to put our Nation on a path to recov- risk. So that is one consequence that rescue packages total about $2.8 tril- ery—recovery from this virus, from the we don’t always focus on, but our lion. That is $2.8 trillion—$2,800 billion. economic devastation it brought with healthcare system has had to respond Phase 3 of the CARES Act alone—the it, and the fiscal calamity that decades to the coronavirus appropriately. most recent one we passed—is about of politicians have ignored. But there is a balance here, and the $2.2 trillion in resources. That is an un- I hope my colleagues will join me in result has been we have had other precedented amount of spending. It has this fight to keep our country’s future healthcare needs that have gone never been done before. It has certainly bright. To do that, we have to make unmet. never been done in such a short period hard choices; we have to be fiscally re- Without that revenue, by the way, of time. sponsible. from surgeries—so-called elective sur- Now Congress is talking about a fifth Mr. President, I therefore respect- geries, although some aren’t very elec- rescue package. The fifth rescue pack- fully object. tive, like they are necessary surgeries age that is being talked about—it has The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- for a back or a knee or something like already passed the House of Represent- tion is heard. that—many hospitals now are in very atives. It is being talked about even The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- deep financial trouble because that is though—and this might surprise you— ator from Ohio. how they make most of their money. only about half of the $2.8 trillion in f Colleges and universities, of course, the first four packages has actually are losing revenue, and children are been disbursed. Think about that. Only CORONAVIRUS out of school, which is not a good thing about half of the money in the first Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I am because our kids, many of whom are four legislative projects that we have here on the floor to talk about how not able to get the same help at home undertaken here has actually gone out Congress can do a better job in re- that they can get at school are falling the door to the intended recipients. Yet sponding to the coronavirus pandemic behind. we are talking about another package. that has gripped our country. We have also got to acknowledge the For example, the Paycheck Protec- I just thought that debate was great, impacts of isolation on people’s mental tion Program to help small businesses something we just heard a moment ago health, on substance abuse. I talked to stay afloat still has about 25 percent of about what we should do going for- an individual earlier today who focuses its original capacity that hasn’t gone ward. a lot on human trafficking, an area I out, about $160 billion. Well below half

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.057 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2545 of the funding—the $175 billion that first four bills. I believe it was nec- part that went to the State hasn’t even Congress provided to hospitals has yet essary to act and act quickly, but I gone down to the local communities, to be sent out under the Provider Re- also believe there are real limits as to and that is happening all over the lief Fund. Less than half of the how much financial risk we should country. healthcare dollars have even gone out take beyond the, again, $2.8 trillion we We need more information to be able the door. have already spent in the first four to know how much of this new spend- Of the roughly $450 billion that the bills. We have to be sure, at a min- ing is necessary. But again, even with CARES Act gave to Treasury to unlock imum, that every new dollar is spent as all the new spending, this new $3 tril- the Federal Reserve lending facilities, wisely as possible, so it is as targeted lion House bill does very little to do less than $40 billion of that has been as possible. something else really important in the operational. That is right—less than 10 Even overlooking the massive $3 tril- next bill, which is help get the econ- percent of the money designated to lion price tag, by the way, the House omy moving. Again, it raises taxes on provide direct lending to businesses of bill also focuses on some things that businesses. It does some other things all sizes so they can stay in business just seem unrelated to this crisis. For that have nothing to do with the and hire people has been sent out. example, the House spends $136 billion coronavirus. What it doesn’t do is it So even though about half the money on repealing the cap on the State and doesn’t provide the stimulus you would from the CARES Act hasn’t even been local tax deduction. There is a deduc- hope would be in the next bill we are spent—and we still don’t have a good tion, but it is capped right now. going to pass because that is what ev- handle, of course, on how the money By the way, this $136 billion policy erybody is looking for right now. How that has been sent out is being spent— they have in their bill would deliver do you do something here in Wash- Democrats in the House have gone half of its benefits—50 percent of its ington to make it easier to create jobs, ahead and passed a new rescue pack- tax benefits to the top 1 percent of tax- make it easier to invest, make it easier age. payers. Tell me how that is related to for small businesses to get back on In many respects, it is a wish list of the coronavirus. To put that in some their feet? Democratic priorities that has been context, we can use that same amount Much of what we did in the first four talked about here on the floor. Some of money—the $136 billion—to provide bills was really a rescue package, and are related to the coronavirus, and almost 2 million more PPP loans to it was necessary. People had lost their some are not. It passed by a near-party small businesses that need it most: jobs for no reason that they could do line vote. I think one Republican voted movie theaters, bowling alleys, res- anything about. It wasn’t their fault— yes and more than a dozen Demo- taurants, bars. 36 million Americans. We had to do crats—more moderate Democrats— There are also provisions that would something to shore that up—the direct voted no. Again, this is a $3 trillion force States to adopt broad changes in payments, unemployment insurance, package—$3,000 billion. That is more their election laws regardless of wheth- and other things. We had to help small than the total spending of all four of er they want to. Election law has al- businesses with the PPP program to the previous coronavirus bills. So all ways been in the province of the ensure they weren’t going to close four of the previous combined are less States, but that is in this legislation. their doors, some forever. than the spending that the House is They also want to raise taxes on em- Those were more rescue packages to recommending for the fifth coronavirus ployers. Bad time to raise taxes. We get us through the storm, to weather bill. want employers to stay in business be- the storm. Now we have to figure out It is actually also a lot more money cause they are the ones who create the how we do something to actually get than Congress would normally appro- jobs. this economy moving. That ought to be priate in an entire fiscal year. It is They also want to help cannabis the goal because there is a limit to how about half of what we just appropriated growers, which I think is interesting. much Federal tax dollars can be relied from the fiscal year we are in, in one Cannabis is mentioned dozens of times on to subsidize the economy. The bet- bill—in one bill. I am sorry; it is twice in the legislation. ter way is to get the economy moving, as much as Congress appropriated for They also want $50 million, as an ex- the current 12-month period we are in. get revenues flowing again, and reopen, ample, for environmental justice So the appropriations for this fiscal therefore, our hospitals and schools. grants. What does that have to do with year, 2020, are less than half of what Hospitals can get more revenue if they the coronavirus? the House is now proposing to spend in can reopen and do more procedures, Once more of the existing funds are one bill. and they can keep from either shutting I think, you know, we have to be very delivered—in other words, as I said ear- their doors or relying on the Federal cautious, and we have to be sure it is lier, of the first four bills, only about taxpayer for more and more subsidies. the right amount of money going out half of it has even gone to the intended Getting back to work is critical, and because it is a huge and unprecedented recipients. Once more of these existing we have to do it in a safe way, and we spending package. Our annual deficit funds are delivered and we know more can. here in the Congress is already pro- about what is working, what is not We have to use social distancing jected to be over $1 trillion. We were working, and where the needs are, I smart practices. We have to be sure we already running a large deficit. suspect more funds will be needed. have the testing. I agree with all that. By the way, it has only been at that They will probably be needed for the But any new legislation that Congress level four times in the history of our healthcare side of this—for testing, as considers has to include measures that country. So the $1 trillion was already an example—and that is probably are going to help get people back into viewed by many of us, including me, to money well spent. the workforce safely and get this econ- be an unacceptably high number for There probably needs to be more omy moving again. I think that should our annual deficit. Now the estimate is flexibility, as the Senator from Lou- include some tax incentives for invest- that this year’s annual deficit will be isiana just talked about. I believe there ment and jobs. I think it should in- between $3.7 trillion and $4.2 trillion— does need to be more flexibility. I also clude some targeted infrastructure in- mind-boggling. We have just never had believe we need to find out, once the vestments to create good jobs and also deficits like these before. Of course, money goes to the local communities, economic benefits that come from the that adds to the $23 trillion national what their budgets look like. Do they right kind of infrastructure. debt, which is already at record levels. need more money to be able to con- I think one place to start is Federal We are entering dangerous, unchart- tinue to provide police protection, fire- highway projects. We need to pass that ered waters here from a fiscal point of fighters’ salaries, and EMS services? bill around here. Also, there are a view. Most economists agree that this We don’t know that yet. How can we bunch of State highway projects that increases the chance of a fiscal and know it when the money hasn’t even would normally be funded by the State therefore a financial crisis that would gone down yet? In Ohio, not one penny gas tax. Because we aren’t driving follow. is gone except for the amount that nearly as much, the State gas tax has Of course, we have to respond to this went directly to the largest five coun- plummeted. In the State of Ohio, for immediate crisis. Again, I voted for the ties and the one large city. But the instance, there are a lot of great

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.059 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2546 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 projects out there that have gone are reopening all around the country, stay on unemployment insurance. Yes, through all the process. They have and, small business people are telling it pays more for many Americans, but been vetted, and they have gone me: I would like to get started again, they would rather be at work. The dig- through a merit-based process. They but I can’t get the employees. nity and self-respect for work is real. It are ready to go. In other words, they Some say: Well, you can go to that gives meaning to your life. are shovel-ready. Yet the State is not unemployment insurance office and say I think we need to take a hard look going to have enough money to pay for ‘‘I have a job,’’ and then, under the at this flat $600 increase in the unem- them. State’s rules, they have to tell these ployment benefits and ask ourselves So rather than sending the money to people ‘‘You are no longer under UI, whether it is really in the best interest the States, how about sending some and you have to go back to work.’’ of those workers, of our businesses. Is money directly to these infrastructure That is true, but, one, the unemploy- it really the best system to have it in projects? Good jobs. Economic benefits. ment insurance systems are over- place when we are trying to get people The analysis is, in the right kind of in- whelmed. They tell me that really is to get back to work? Again, this addi- frastructure investments, you spend a not something they have the capability tional $600 benefit on top of the $360 av- dollar and you get back more than a of doing right now. They are over- erage the States have means that un- dollar in terms of revenue from the whelmed. They have never seen these less you are making more than economic benefit. That is the sort of kinds of numbers ever. $50,000—or in some States, $60,000 a thing I think should be in this next Secondly, a lot of employers don’t year—it is more advantageous to be on package to help get the economy back want to do that, and I get it. Their em- unemployment insurance than to go on its feet. ployees are making a lot more money, back to work. A recent study by the American Ac- Right now, I am told by small busi- in some cases, on unemployment insur- tion Forum and the University of Chi- nesses that one of the biggest barriers ance than they can in their place of cago says that between 60 and 70 per- to getting the economy going is the un- business, and they are just hesitant to cent of individuals on unemployment employment insurance provisions that tell them to come back and make less are making more than they did in their were passed as part of the CARES Act money. I do think there is a role for us prior job—60 to 70 percent. Further, for back in March. This is what I am hear- to help make that happen and do it in about 20 percent of wage earners, they ing from small business owners all a smart way. say, on average, they are making dou- around Ohio—that the additional un- Things are different in other respects ble on unemployment insurance what employment insurance benefits in the too. Not only is the economy starting they made in the workforce. So they CARES Act, which allow individuals at to reopen around the country, but it is say that for the bottom 20 percent of or below the average income to receive being done in a much safer manner. wage earners, on average, they are more in unemployment than they Why? Because we have a lot more test- making double on unemployment in- ing, and that is good. could get at work, is a disincentive to surance. work. We need to do a lot more, by the way. Again, people needed the help. They Of course, again, we needed to act to Ohio has gone from about 3,700 tests needed direct payments, and they need- make sure people who lost their jobs per day a few weeks ago to over 10,000 ed the UI help. A lot of people lost through no fault of they own could get tests a day now. Soon it will be over their jobs and had no income coming in by while government at every level ef- 20,000 tests a day in a couple of weeks, just to put food on the table, pay the fectively pumped the brakes on the they say. That is good. rent, and pay their car payment. Some economy to better withstand the We also have more PPE, personal people used this UI, even though it was health crisis. In other words, people protective gear, and that is important more than they were making before, to lost their jobs because the government because if you reopen—say you run a help with healthcare. That is impor- said: You can’t go to work. factory. You want people to have the tant. But isn’t the best thing to do is At the same time, it was not the best protective gear they need to keep them to get people back to work? solution to provide a flat $600 increase safe. We need to continue to help people in benefits to everybody, which is on Also, we finally have some anti-viral during this time who have lost their top of the State unemployment insur- medications coming online, thank jobs, no question. Not every business is ance benefits, and that is what we did. goodness. Remdesivir is the first one ready to reopen, by the way, and the That was the proposal here that was approved by the FDA. It is now in Ohio, employees who had to be let go by passed. That continues, by the way, my own State, and other States. Peo- some businesses certainly shouldn’t be until July 31. ple are using it. That is great. That punished for that. Wage replacement for people making gives people more comfort in being At the same time, we have to ask at or below the average income level able to go back to work more safely. ourselves whether there is a way we would have been a good and generous It is time to start to transition from can combine that need with the need to approach—in other words, saying: If thinking about helping people get by actually get people back to work as we you make up to whatever the wage av- and helping to encourage them to stay reopen. I think there is. Specifically, I erage is in your State—$52,000 a year, home through unemployment to think- would propose that instead of keeping $48,000 a year, or $58,000 a year—you get ing about how we can get people back in place the additional $600 of the Fed- full wage replacement. But that is not into the workforce safely so we can get eral benefit for people on unemploy- what this is. The $600 on top of the this economy, our small businesses, ment between now and July 31, let’s State benefit, which is, on average, $360 our hospitals, our colleges and univer- shift some of those Federal dollars to a probably, puts you up near $1,000 a sities, back on track. back-to-work bonus—a program where week. That is more than wage replace- We should also want to help people you let people take some of that $600 ment for people who make less than get back to work because that is good with them to work. I propose $450 a the average wage. for everybody. It is where most people week. Others have different numbers, Regardless of how you feel about the get their healthcare—from work, from probably. They think that is too much, $600-per-week Federal increase, we are their employer. We want to get them or they think it is too little. I chose in a very different situation now than back to that. It is where most people $450 per week because that represents we were 2 months ago when we passed get their retirement, their 401(k). Not the amount that would be needed to it. Back then, remember, we were en- everybody offers it, but if you have make a person making the average couraging people to stay home and not one, you are probably getting it from minimum wage better off in the work- to go to work because that was the work. force than on unemployment. When time period when we were shutting It is good to get people back to work you take the minimum wages around things down and we were giving stay- and connected with their benefits. It is the country, on average, you take $450 at-home orders. So it made much more also good to get people returning to a a week with you to work. That means sense to have an unemployment insur- safe workplace because that is what that you would be making a little bit ance system that actually would en- most people want to do. They want to more in the workforce than you would courage people to stay home. Now we go back to work. They don’t want to be on unemployment.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.060 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2547 What is more, this return-to-work footing it had here only a few months an invisible enemy that can’t be seen bonus would put additional cash in the ago. or heard; yet just as we did in World hands of individuals who lost their jobs Back in February, we had the 19th War II—just as Michigan has always due to the health crisis, which would straight month of wage increases of done—we are standing up, and we are provide additional stimulus to the over 3 percent, most of which was fighting back, together. economy, which is experiencing his- going to lower income and middle-in- Our plants once produced bombers toric declines in consumer spending. come workers. We had unemployment and tanks; today, they are producing This incentive for people to get back tied with the 50-year low. Unemploy- ventilators and respirators, gowns and into the workforce to get our economy ment was low then. It is incredibly testing supplies. People are stepping up running again is exactly the kind of high now. to serve across our State: tending the policy we should all want. Instead, I To get back to that, we have to put sick in our hospitals and clinics, deliv- will tell you that as for the $3 trillion some more policies in place, and I be- ering food to neighbors in need, even House bill we talked about earlier, all lieve the back-to-work bonus is exactly sewing masks to keep one another safe. it does is to propose extending the $600 that. It will not solve everything, but Seventy-five years after World War per month from the end of its expira- it will help people get back into jobs, II, a lot of things have changed, but tion at the end of July into the begin- and it will send a clear message that one thing hasn’t: The people of Michi- ning of next year. Congress is looking forward and pro- gan are still willing to step up and We talked earlier about how the next viding a positive path forward for serve whenever and wherever we are package—whatever it is—ought to en- workers, for small businesses, and for needed, and we are needed today. courage the economy to get moving taxpayers. On Memorial Day and every day, let again, right? The House bill doesn’t do Thank you. us remember all servicemembers we that in a lot of respects we talked I yield the floor. have lost, thank those who are still about. But, specifically, on unemploy- f with us, and surround our military ment insurance, what it says is, let’s families with love and support. Our VOTE EXPLANATION continue this policy of making it hard- military members and veterans have er for people to get back to work. It Mr. PETERS. Mr. President, I was provided us the very best examples to will ensure that that 60 or 70 percent of unable to attend the vote No. 93 on follow. Let’s honor their service and the workforce that the study showed May 18, 2020, on the nomination of sacrifice with our actions. are making more on unemployment in- Scott H. Rash to be the United States f surance would be better off staying on District Court for the District of Ari- TRIBUTE TO MYRON LEPP the unemployment rolls. zona. Had I been able to attend, I would By the way, it is also another $300 have supported the nomination. Mr. CRAMER. Mr. President, I want billion of taxpayer spending in this $3 f to honor the half century of distin- trillion bill. I don’t think it is going to guished Federal service of a remark- MEMORIAL DAY move our country forward. It is going able North Dakota man who is retiring to make it even harder to get back on Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I at the end of May. track. rise today to pay special tribute to the Myron Lepp has been the administra- By the way, our back-to-work bonus Michigan heroes who have given their tive program director for the North Da- also benefits taxpayers. So instead of lives for their country while serving in kota office of USDA Rural Develop- $300 billion in additional funding that our military. This is an especially fit- ment for the past 13 years. He took this is going to go into the House bill for ting time to do so as we commemorate position after 37 years in the military, unemployment insurance, if we assume the 75th anniversary this year of the retiring as a full colonel. In these 50 that States would have trouble enforc- end of World War II. years of service, Myron has brought ing their UI laws, which we talked The people of Michigan have always knowledge, intelligence and dedication about earlier, and that individuals stood up whenever our Nation has to everything he has undertaken. would choose unemployment over re- needed us. That was certainly the case He began his military service in 1971 turning to work, even if 25 percent of during World War II. Perhaps no State and became a commissioned officer in those who were on unemployment in- was as crucial to our Nation’s victory 1976. Myron served in the North Dakota surance today chose to take advantage in the fight against tyranny as was National Guard as director of informa- of this $450 bonus—and I think a lot Michigan. tion management for 12 years and later will; I think a lot more than that will, More than half a million Michigan held other positions such as chief of but let’s be conservative, and let’s say men and women proudly served in uni- staff for the adjutant general, State di- that just 25 percent take advantage of form in the Pacific Theater, the Atlan- rector of maintenance, and joint forces it—that will result in tens of billions of tic Theater, and anywhere and every- logistics director. In his final 2 years in dollars of savings to the taxpayer. where we were called. Back home, the the military, he was the national com- Think about it. For the State, they people of our State were hard at work mand logistics inspector for the Na- will not have the unemployment insur- producing the bombers, tanks, trucks, tional Guard Readiness Center in ance benefit that they are providing helmets, and guns needed to win the Washington, DC, traveling every other because the person will be at work. war. We were the Arsenal of Democ- week to conduct combat readiness in- That is good. And for the Federal Gov- racy, and both at home and abroad, spections at all State Army National ernment, the $600 is reduced to $450. So victory depended on us, the people of Guard units that enables savings to the taxpayer. It Michigan. Myron brought this invaluable back- enables people to get back to work. It We won that fight; yet the costs were ground to the USDA Rural Develop- allows our small businesses to be able staggeringly high. Sadly, more than ment office, giving exemplary guidance to reopen. 10,000 Michiganders never made it to the crucial work this agency does to It is a solution that I think Repub- home. These were our beloved children support our rural communities in licans and Democrats alike can get be- and parents, siblings and cousins, North Dakota. His lifelong background hind. Let’s continue to help the people friends and neighbors. We were so in- in farming and ranching enhanced this who can’t return to the workplace credibly proud of their willingness to work. Myron has raised crops such as through no fault of their own, but let’s give everything—even their lives—to wheat, oats, and corn, and he has a also remember that the American peo- defend freedom; yet that pride could cow/calf operation near his hometown ple right now are looking to us here in never fully fill the aching loss our fam- of Lehr. Congress to come together on a bipar- ilies and communities endured. Those I came to appreciate Myron’s dedica- tisan basis to put in place policies that losses are still felt 75 years later. tion and professional expertise when will actually help move us forward in Now, once again, Michigan is mourn- we worked together on North Dakota’s this crisis, get back to normalcy, get ing. Far too many of our beloved chil- Roughrider Honor Flight program. As back to work safely, and get our econ- dren and parents, siblings and cousins, president of this program, Myron omy back on the historically strong friends and neighbors have been lost to oversaw the work of many dedicated

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.062 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2548 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 volunteers who organized five flights else, grateful for their hard work and away on May 4, 2020, at 90 years of age: Now, for 500 veterans to visit the National look forward to seeing what they ac- therefore, be it World War II Memorial in Washington, complish next.∑ Resolved, That the Senate— DC. (1) recognizes the life and achievements of f Pro Football Hall of Fame Coach Donald The profound impact Myron Lepp has REMEMBERING DONALD FRANCIS Francis Shula (referred to in this resolution made over these 50 years to enhance SHULA as ‘‘Coach Shula’’); the military and agricultural strength (2) expresses condolences to the family of of North Dakota will never be ade- ∑ Mr. RUBIO. Mr. President, today, I Coach Shula on his passing; and quately measured. We can only thank honor the life and achievements of (3) respectfully requests that the Secretary him for this service, which I want to do Coach Shula, who passed away on May of the Senate transmit an enrolled copy of here on behalf of all North Dakotans. I 4, 2020, at the age of 90. I am pleased this resolution to— the Senate passed a resolution hon- (A) the family of Coach Shula; and congratulate him on his well-earned re- (B) the Miami Dolphins.∑ tirement and wish him many years of oring the Pro Football Hall of Fame health and happiness in the future. coach, with the following: f f Honoring the life and achievement of MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE Pro Football Hall of Fame Coach Don- ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS At 10:03 a.m., a message from the ald Francis Shula and expressing con- House of Representatives, delivered by dolences to his family on his passing. Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- RECOGNIZING STUDENTS WORKING Whereas Coach Donald Francis Shula (re- nounced that the House has passed the ON COMMUNITY OUTREACH ferred to in this preamble as ‘‘Coach Shula’’) following bill, in which it requests the was born on January 4, 1930, and grew up in ∑ Ms. HASSAN. Mr. President, I am Painesville, Ohio; concurrence of the Senate: proud to recognize Kearsarge High Whereas Coach Shula’s father immigrated H.R. 6800. An act making emergency sup- School’s student group, Students to the United States from Hungary; plemental appropriations for the fiscal year Working on Community Outreach, Whereas Coach Shula attended Harvey ending September 30, 2020, and for other pur- poses. SWOCO, for continuing to lift up their High School and later played collegiate foot- ball at John Carroll University; f fellow classmates and support commu- Whereas, in 1951, the Cleveland Browns se- nity members—even from a distance— lected Coach Shula in the ninth round of the EXECUTIVE AND OTHER amid the COVID–19 pandemic. National Football League (referred to in this COMMUNICATIONS Even before the pandemic, SWOCO preamble as the ‘‘NFL’’) draft as a defensive The following communications were members worked hard to make a dif- back; laid before the Senate, together with ference in their community. One of Whereas, in addition to playing for the Cleveland Browns, Coach Shula also played accompanying papers, reports, and doc- their most impressive accomplish- uments, and were referred as indicated: ments was hosting a conference for for the Baltimore Colts and the Washington Redskins; EC–4540. A communication from the Direc- neighboring school districts on how Whereas Coach Shula— tor of the Regulatory Management Division, students could become stronger leaders (1) began his coaching career at the Uni- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- in their communities. The group also versity of Virginia; ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- partnered with the National Honor So- (2) also coached at the University of Ken- titled ‘‘Chlormequat Chloride; Pesticide Tol- ciety to organize blanket drives and tucky; and erances’’ (FRL No. 10008–50–OSCPP) received food drives for Liberty House, a vet- (3) coached as a defensive coordinator for in the Office of the President of the Senate erans homeless shelter. the Detroit Lions; on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Agri- Like so many Granite Staters, these Whereas, in 1963, Coach Shula became the culture, Nutrition, and Forestry. youngest coach in the NFL when he took the EC–4541. A communication from the Sec- students have needed to adjust to the head coaching position at the Baltimore retary of Defense, transmitting a report on new realities of this pandemic, includ- Colts; the approved retirement of General Gustave ing finding ways to organize without Whereas, as the head coach of the Balti- F. Perna, United States Army, and his ad- being in the same physical space. more Colts, Coach Shula— vancement to the grade of general on the re- Among other things, the students, who (1) compiled a record of 71 wins, 23 losses, tired list; to the Committee on Armed Serv- are now meeting over conference calls, and 4 ties; and ices. organized both a student and teacher (2) won the NFL championship in 1968; EC–4542. A communication from the Acting Zoom talent show in an effort to keep Whereas, in 1970, Coach Shula became the Associate General Counsel for Regulations head coach of the Miami Dolphins (referred and Legislation, Office of the Deputy Sec- their classmates engaged with their to in this preamble as the ‘‘Dolphins’’); retary, Department of Housing and Urban school community during this chal- Whereas Coach Shula remained the head Development, transmitting, pursuant to law, lenging time. coach of the Dolphins for 26 seasons, took the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Streamlining The members of SWOCO also started the Dolphins to 5 Super Bowls, and led the Administrative Regulations for Multifamily a Little Free Pantry project in Kear- Dolphins to victory in 2 of those Super Housing Programs and Implementing Family sarge, which is a grassroots movement Bowls; Income Reviews under the Fixing America’s to help members of the community Whereas Coach Shula led the 1972 Dolphins Surface Transportation (FAST) Act’’ who are food insecure access essentials, team to a perfect season; (RIN2502–AJ36) received in the Office of the Whereas, in Super Bowl VII, Coach Shula President of the Senate on May 19, 2020; to such as food and personal care items. led the Dolphins to victory over the Wash- the Committee on Banking, Housing, and The members are coordinating all of ington Redskins with a score of 14 to 7; Urban Affairs. the food pantries throughout the Whereas, in Super Bowl VIII, Coach Shula EC–4543. A communication from the Coun- school district and have encouraged led the Dolphins, the reigning Super Bowl sel to the Inspector General, Nuclear Regu- various student organizations to sign champions, to victory over the Minnesota latory Commission Office of the Inspector up to help stock the shelves. Vikings with a score of 24 to 7; General, transmitting, pursuant to law, a re- The COVID–19 pandemic has caused Whereas, after 33 years of coaching, Coach port relative to a vacancy in the position of Granite Staters to face unprecedented Shula retired from coaching in 1995 with the Inspector General, Nuclear Regulatory Com- NFL record for most wins by a head coach, mission Office of the Inspector General, re- challenges, but even in the face of this compiling a regular season record of 328 ceived in the Office of the President of the crisis, they are coming together to sup- wins, 156 losses, and 6 ties and a postseason Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on port one another. For the members of record of 19 wins and 17 losses; Environment and Public Works. SWOCO, this pandemic may have Whereas Coach Shula was inducted into EC–4544. A communication from the Direc- changed how they operate, but it did the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1997; tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Reactor not change their mission or commit- Whereas, following his coaching days, Regulations, Nuclear Regulatory Commis- ment to their community and fellow Coach Shula— sion, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- citizens. Their commitment to forging (1) supported many charities; port of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety Evaluation of (2) gave generously to his local parish; and the Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) Vessel and ahead in difficult times to help people (3) established the Don Shula Foundation Internals Project (BWRVIP) submitted from all walks of life and to support to assist with breast cancer research; and ‘BWRVIP–25, Revision 1: BWR Vessel and their community exemplifies New Whereas Coach Shula, a loving husband, fa- Internals Project, BWR Core Plate Inspec- Hampshire at its best. I am, above all ther, grandfather, son, and brother, passed tion and Flaw Evaluation Guidelines’ ’’

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G20MY6.040 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2549 (BWRVIP–25, Revision 1) received in the Of- May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Environ- EC–4561. A communication from the Man- fice of the President of the Senate on May 18, ment and Public Works. agement and Program Analyst, Federal 2020; to the Committee on Environment and EC–4553. A communication from the En- Aviation Administration, Department of Public Works. forcement Specialist, Fish and Wildlife Serv- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to EC–4545. A communication from the Biolo- ice, Department of the Interior, transmit- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- gist, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to titled ‘‘Civil Penalties; 2020 Inflation Adjust- ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0863)) law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Endan- ments for Civil Monetary Penalties’’ received in the Office of the President of the gered and Threatened Species: Reclassifying (RIN1018–BE45) received in the Office of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on the Golden Conure from Endangered to President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Threatened with a Section 4(d) Rule’’ the Committee on Environment and Public EC–4562. A communication from the Man- (RIN1018–BC78) received in the Office of the Works. agement and Program Analyst, Federal President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to EC–4554. A communication from the Direc- Aviation Administration, Department of the Committee on Environment and Public tor of the Regulatory Management Division, Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Works. Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- EC–4546. A communication from the Acting ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Kentucky; Infra- ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0873)) of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to structure Requirements for the 2015 8-Hour received in the Office of the President of the law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Endan- Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Stand- Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on gered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; ard’’ (FRL No. 10009–27–Region 4) received in Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Removing Oenothera coloradensis (Colorado the Office of the President of the Senate on EC–4563. A communication from the Man- Butterfly Plant) From the Federal List of May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Environ- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Endangered and Threatened Plants’’ ment and Public Works. Aviation Administration, Department of (RIN1018–BC02) received in the Office of the EC–4555. A communication from the Direc- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to tor of the Regulatory Management Division, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- the Committee on Environment and Public Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ness Directives; Honda Aircraft Company Works. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- LLC’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– EC–4547. A communication from the Acting titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Louisiana; Infra- 2019–0195)) received in the Office of the Presi- Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department structure for the 2015 Ozone National Ambi- dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to ent Air Quality Standards’’ (FRL No. 10008– Committee on Commerce, Science, and law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Endan- 61–Region 6) received in the Office of the Transportation. gered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to EC–4564. A communication from the Man- Reclassifying the Hawaiian Goose from En- the Committee on Environment and Public agement and Program Analyst, Federal dangered to Threatened with a Section 4(d) Works. Aviation Administration, Department of Rule’’ (RIN1018–BC02) received in the Office EC–4556. A communication from the Direc- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to of the President of the Senate on May 18, tor of the Regulatory Management Division, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- 2020; to the Committee on Environment and Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ness Directives; Airbus Helicopters’’ Public Works. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0970)) EC–4548. A communication from the Acting titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Oregon; Emission received in the Office of the President of the Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department Standard Definiton Rule Revision’’ (FRL No. Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to 10007–75–Region 10) received in the Office of Commerce, Science, and Transportation. law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Threat- the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; EC–4565. A communication from the Man- ened Species Status for Meltwater Lednian to the Committee on Environment and Pub- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Stonefly and Western Glacier Stonefly With lic Works. Aviation Administration, Department of a Section 4(d) Rule’’ (RIN1018–BB52) received EC–4557. A communication from the Direc- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to in the Office of the President of the Senate tor of the Regulatory Management Division, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Envi- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ness Directives; The Boeing Company Air- ronment and Public Works. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– EC–4549. A communication from the Acting titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Vermont; Infra- 2020–0205)) received in the Office of the Presi- Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department structure State Implementation Plan Re- dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to quirements for the 2015 Ozone Standard’’ Committee on Commerce, Science, and law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Endan- (FRL No. 10009–47–Region 1) received in the Transportation. gered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Office of the President of the Senate on May EC–4566. A communication from the Man- Removing the Hawaiian Hawk From the Fed- 18, 2020; to the Committee on Environment agement and Program Analyst, Federal eral List of Endangered and Threatened and Public Works. Aviation Administration, Department of Wildlife’’ (RIN1018–AU96) received in the Of- EC–4558. A communication from the Direc- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to fice of the President of the Senate on May 18, tor of the Regulatory Management Division, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- 2020; to the Committee on Environment and Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ness Directives; The Boeing Company Air- Public Works. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– EC–4550. A communication from the titled ‘‘Small Manufacturer Definition Up- 2019–0602)) received in the Office of the Presi- Branch Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, De- date for Reporting and Recordkeeping Re- dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the partment of the Interior, transmitting, pur- quirements Under the Toxic Substances Con- Committee on Commerce, Science, and suant to law, the report of a rule entitled trol Act (TSCA) Section 8(a)’’ (FRL No. Transportation. ‘‘Migratory Bird Permits; Regulations for 10008–14–OCSPP) received in the Office of the EC–4567. A communication from the Man- Managing Resident Canada Goose Popu- President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to agement and Program Analyst, Federal lations: Agricultural Facilities in the Atlan- the Committee on Environment and Public Aviation Administration, Department of tic Flyway’’ (RIN1018–BD74) received in the Works. Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Office of the President of the Senate on May EC–4559. A communication from the Direc- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- 18, 2020; to the Committee on Environment tor of the Regulatory Management Division, ness Directives; International Aero Engines, and Public Works. Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- LLC’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– EC–4551. A communication from the Acting ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- 2020–0184)) received in the Office of the Presi- Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department titled ‘‘Texas: Final Approval of State Un- dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to derground Storage Tank Program Revisions Committee on Commerce, Science, and law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Endan- and Incorporation by Reference’’ (FRL No. Transportation. gered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 10009–03–Region 6) received in the Office of EC–4568. A communication from the Man- Section 4(d) Rule for Louisiana Pinesnake’’ the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; agement and Program Analyst, Federal (RIN1018–BD06) received in the Office of the to the Committee on Environment and Pub- Aviation Administration, Department of President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to lic Works. Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to the Committee on Environment and Public EC–4560. A communication from the Man- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- Works. agement and Program Analyst, Federal ness Directives; Yabora Industria EC–4552. A communication from the Aviation Administration, Department of Aeronautica S.A. (Type Certificate Pre- Branch Chief, Fish and Wildlife Service, De- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to viously Held by Embraer S.A.) Airplanes’’ partment of the Interior, transmitting, pur- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0975)) suant to law, the report of a rule entitled ness Directives; Airbus Helicopters’’ received in the Office of the President of the ‘‘Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0882)) Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Plants; Designation of Critical Habitat for received in the Office of the President of the Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Black Pinesnake’’ (RIN1018–BD52) received in Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on EC–4569. A communication from the Man- the Office of the President of the Senate on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. agement and Program Analyst, Federal

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.010 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2550 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 Aviation Administration, Department of Office of the President of the Senate on May Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to 18, 2020; to the Committee on Commerce, Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- Science, and Transportation. law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ness Directives; Rolls-Royce, Deutschland EC–4577. A communication from the Man- ness Directives; CFM International S.A. Tur- Ltd. & Co. KG (Formerly Rolls-Royce plc) agement and Program Analyst, Federal bofan Engines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. Turbofan Engines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket Aviation Administration, Department of FAA–2019–1093)) received in the Office of the No. FAA–2018–0538)) received in the Office of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- the Committee on Commerce, Science, and to the Committee on Commerce, Science, ness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Can- Transportation. and Transportation. ada Limited Helicopters’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) EC–4586. A communication from the Man- EC–4570. A communication from the Man- (Docket No. FAA–2020–0221)) received in the agement and Program Analyst, Federal agement and Program Analyst, Federal Office of the President of the Senate on May Aviation Administration, Department of Aviation Administration, Department of 18, 2020; to the Committee on Commerce, Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Science, and Transportation. law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- EC–4578. A communication from the Man- ness Directives; Rolls-Royce Deutschland ness Directives; MD Helicopters Inc. Heli- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Ltd. & Co. KG (Type Certificate Previously copters’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– Aviation Administration, Department of Held by Rolls-Royce plc) Turbofan Engines’’ 2017–1125)) received in the Office of the Presi- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0179)) dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- received in the Office of the President of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Transportation. ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0979)) Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–4571. A communication from the Man- received in the Office of the President of the EC–4587. A communication from the Man- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to EC–4579. A communication from the Man- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- agement and Program Analyst, Federal law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ness Directives; Daher Aircraft Design, LLC Aviation Administration, Department of ness Directives; Fokker Services B.V. Air- (Type Certificate Previously Held by Quest Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– Aircraft Design, LLC) Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120– law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- 2020–0105)) received in the Office of the Presi- AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2020–0181)) received ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0861)) in the Office of the President of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and received in the Office of the President of the on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- Transportation. merce, Science, and Transportation. Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on EC–4588. A communication from the Man- EC–4572. A communication from the Man- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. agement and Program Analyst, Federal EC–4580. A communication from the Man- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ness Directives; The Boeing Company Air- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ness Directives; Yabora Industria planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ Aeronautica S.A. (Type Certificate Pre- 2019–0875)) received in the Office of the Presi- ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0713)) viously Held by Embraer S.A.) Airplanes’’ received in the Office of the President of the dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0976)) Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Committee on Commerce, Science, and received in the Office of the President of the Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Transportation. Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on EC–4581. A communication from the Man- EC–4589. A communication from the Man- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. agement and Program Analyst, Federal agement and Program Analyst, Federal EC–4573. A communication from the Man- Aviation Administration, Department of Aviation Administration, Department of agement and Program Analyst, Federal Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Aviation Administration, Department of law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ness Directives; Gulfstream Aerospace Cor- ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- poration Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0977)) ness Directives; Pratt & Whittney Turbofan No. FAA–2020–0199)) received in the Office of received in the Office of the President of the Engines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on 2020–0299)) received in the Office of the Presi- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, Commerce, Science, and Transportation. dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the and Transportation. EC–4590. A communication from the Man- Committee on Commerce, Science, and EC–4582. A communication from the Man- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Transportation. agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of EC–4574. A communication from the Man- Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to agement and Program Analyst, Federal Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- Aviation Administration, Department of law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ness Directives; Airbus Helicopters’’ Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0982)) law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0712)) received in the Office of the President of the ness Directives; Airbus Canada Limited received in the Office of the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Partnership (Type Certificate Previously Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Held by C Series Aircraft Limited Partner- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–4591. A communication from the Man- ship (CSALP); Bombardier, Inc.)’’ ((RIN2120– EC–4583. A communication from the Man- agement and Program Analyst, Federal AA64) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0988)) received agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of in the Office of the President of the Senate Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- merce, Science, and Transportation. law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ment of Class D and E Airspace, Nashua, New EC–4575. A communication from the Man- ness Directives; Dassault Aviation Air- Hampshire’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. agement and Program Analyst, Federal planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– FAA–2019–0921)) received in the Office of the Aviation Administration, Department of 2019–0198)) received in the Office of the Presi- President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the the Committee on Commerce, Science, and law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ness Directives; The Boeing Company Air- Transportation. EC–4592. A communication from the Man- planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket No. FAA– EC–4584. A communication from the Man- agement and Program Analyst, Federal 2019–0974)) received in the Office of the Presi- agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- Transportation. law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- ment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Route Q–56 EC–4576. A communication from the Man- ness Directives; Robinson Helicopter Com- in the Vicinity of Atlanta, GA’’ ((RIN2120– agement and Program Analyst, Federal pany Helicopters’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (Docket AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2020–0274)) received Aviation Administration, Department of No. FAA–2019–1053)) received in the Office of in the Office of the President of the Senate Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthi- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, merce, Science, and Transportation. ness Directives; International Aero Engines and Transportation. EC–4593. A communication from the Man- LLC Turbofan Engines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) EC–4585. A communication from the Man- agement and Program Analyst, Federal (Docket No. FAA–2019–0614)) received in the agement and Program Analyst, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.012 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2551 Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to EC–4601. A communication from the Man- 31300)) received in the Office of the President law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- agement and Program Analyst, Federal of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Com- ment of VOR Federal Airway V–159 in the Vi- Aviation Administration, Department of mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- cinity of Hamilton, Alabama’’ ((RIN2120– Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to tation. AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2017–0431)) received law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- f in the Office of the President of the Senate ment of Class E Airspace; Bend, Oregon’’ on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0887)) PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS merce, Science, and Transportation. received in the Office of the President of the EC–4594. A communication from the Man- Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on The following petition or memorial agement and Program Analyst, Federal Commerce, Science, and Transportation. was laid before the Senate and was re- Aviation Administration, Department of EC–4602. A communication from the Man- ferred or ordered to lie on the table as Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to agement and Program Analyst, Federal indicated: law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- Aviation Administration, Department of POM–201. A resolution adopted by the Bor- ment of VOR Federal Airways V–56, and V– Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to 209 in the Vicinity of Kewanee, Mississippi’’ ough Council of the Borough of Seaside law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Establish- Heights, New Jersey, supporting New Jersey ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2017–0665)) ment of Class E Airspace; Mountain Home, received in the Office of the President of the Senate Resolution 23, which urges the United Idaho’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA– States Congress to designate ‘‘The Most Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on 2019–0972)) received in the Office of the Presi- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Beautiful Lady in The World: Statue of Lib- dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the erty Anthem’’ as the official anthem of the EC–4595. A communication from the Man- Committee on Commerce, Science, and agement and Program Analyst, Federal Statue of Liberty; to the Committee on En- Transportation. ergy and Natural Resources. Aviation Administration, Department of EC–4603. A communication from the Man- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to agement and Program Analyst, Federal f law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- Aviation Administration, Department of ment of Area Navigation Routes Q–75 and Q– Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF 475, Northeast Corridor Atlantic Coast law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Establish- COMMITTEE routes; Northeastern United States’’ ment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes; ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0661)) The following executive reports of Northeastern United States’’ ((RIN2120– nominations were submitted: received in the Office of the President of the AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0339)) received Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on in the Office of the President of the Senate By Mr. WICKER for the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–4596. A communication from the Man- merce, Science, and Transportation. * John Chase Johnson, of Oklahoma, to be agement and Program Analyst, Federal EC–4604. A communication from the Man- Inspector General, Federal Communications Aviation Administration, Department of agement and Program Analyst, Federal Commission. Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Aviation Administration, Department of * Neil Jacobs, of North Carolina, to be law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and ment of VOR Federal Airways V–165 in the law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Revoca- Atmosphere. Vicinity of the Western United States’’ tion of VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) *Finch Fulton, of Alabama, to be an As- ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2019–0846)) Federal Airway V–61 and Amendment of sistant Secretary of Transportation. received in the Office of the President of the Area Navigation Route T–286 Due to the De- * Coast Guard nominations beginning with Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on commissioning of the Robinson, Kansas, Rear Adm. (lh) Thomas G. Allan and ending Commerce, Science, and Transportation. with Rear Adm. (lh) Matthew W. Sibley, EC–4597. A communication from the Man- VOR’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA– 2019–0677)) received in the Office of the Presi- which nominations were received by the Sen- agement and Program Analyst, Federal ate and appeared in the Congressional Aviation Administration, Department of dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Record on February 24, 2020. Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to * Coast Guard nominations beginning with law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- Transportation. EC–4605. A communication from the Man- Capt. Christopher A. Bartz and ending with ment of VOR Federal Airways V–11 and V–275 agement and Program Analyst, Federal Capt. Melissa L. Rivera, which nominations in the Vicinity of Bryan, Ohio and Defiance, Aviation Administration, Department of were received by the Senate and appeared in Ohio, Respectively’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket the Congressional Record on February 24, No. FAA–2019–0688)) received in the Office of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to 2020. the President of the Senate on May 18, 2020; law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Standard * Diana Furchtgott-Roth, of Maryland, to to the Committee on Commerce, Science, Instrument Approach Procedures; Miscella- be an Assistant Secretary of Transportation. and Transportation. neous Amendments (125); Amendment No. EC–4598. A communication from the Man- 3896’’ ((RIN2120–AA65) (Docket No. 31302)) re- * Joseph Ryan Gruters, of Florida, to be a agement and Program Analyst, Federal ceived in the Office of the President of the Director of the Amtrak Board of Directors Aviation Administration, Department of Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on for a term of five years. Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Commerce, Science, and Transportation. * Leon A. Westmoreland, of Georgia, to be law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- EC–4606. A communication from the Man- a Director of the Amtrak Board of Directors ment of VOR Federal Airway V–18 in the Vi- agement and Program Analyst, Federal for a term of five years. cinity of Talladega, Alabama’’ ((RIN2120– Aviation Administration, Department of * Rick A. Dearborn, of Oklahoma, to be a AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2018–1028)) received Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Director of the Amtrak Board of Directors in the Office of the President of the Senate law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Standard for a term of five years. on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- Instrument Approach Procedures; Miscella- * Nomination was reported with rec- merce, Science, and Transportation. neous Amendments (58); Amendment No. ommendation that it be confirmed sub- 3895’’ ((RIN2120–AA65) (Docket No. 31301)) re- EC–4599. A communication from the Man- ject to the nominee’s commitment to agement and Program Analyst, Federal ceived in the Office of the President of the Aviation Administration, Department of Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on respond to requests to appear and tes- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Commerce, Science, and Transportation. tify before any duly constituted com- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- EC–4607. A communication from the Man- mittee of the Senate. ment of area Navigation Routes, Florida agement and Program Analyst, Federal (Nominations without an asterisk Metroplex Project; Southeastern United Aviation Administration, Department of were reported with the recommenda- States’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. FAA– Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to tion that they be confirmed.) 2019–0687)) received in the Office of the Presi- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Final dent of the Senate on May 18, 2020; to the Rule; Oxygen Mask Requirement; Supple- f mental Oxygen for Emergency descent and Committee on Commerce, Science, and INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND Transportation. for First Aid; Turbine Engine Powered Air- EC–4600. A communication from the Man- planes with Pressurized Cabins’’ ((RIN2120– JOINT RESOLUTIONS agement and Program Analyst, Federal AA66) (Docket No. FAA–2020–0289)) received The following bills and joint resolu- Aviation Administration, Department of in the Office of the President of the Senate tions were introduced, read the first Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to on May 18, 2020; to the Committee on Com- and second times by unanimous con- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amend- merce, Science, and Transportation. ment of Air Traffic Service (ATS) Routes V– EC–4608. A communication from the Man- sent, and referred as indicated: 82, V–217, and T–383 in the Vicinity of agement and Program Analyst, Federal By Ms. CANTWELL (for herself, Mr. Baudette, Minnesota’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) Aviation Administration, Department of YOUNG, and Mr. MARKEY): (Docket No. FAA–2019–0729)) received in the Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to S. 3771. A bill to require the Secretary of Office of the President of the Senate on May law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘IFR Alti- Commerce to establish the Federal Advisory 18, 2020; to the Committee on Commerce, tudes; Miscellaneous Amendments; Amend- Committee on the Development and Imple- Science, and Transportation. ment No. 551’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (Docket No. mentation of Artificial Intelligence, and for

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.014 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2552 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 other purposes; to the Committee on Com- By Mrs. GILLIBRAND (for herself, Mrs. SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND merce, Science, and Transportation. MURRAY, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Ms. SENATE RESOLUTIONS By Mr. SCOTT of South Carolina: HIRONO, and Mr. MERKLEY): S. 3772. A bill to direct the Department of S. 3783. A bill to direct the Secretary of De- The following concurrent resolutions Health and Human Services to develop, sub- fense to standardize, collect, and analyze in- and Senate resolutions were read, and mit, and allocate funding to advance a plan formation on the demographics of applicants referred (or acted upon), as indicated: for efficiently building testing capacity for to military service academies, and for other facilities serving significant populations of By Ms. HIRONO (for herself, Mr. BEN- purposes; to the Committee on Armed Serv- NET, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. BOOKER, individuals aged 65 and older; to the Com- ices. mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and Ms. CANTWELL, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. CAR- By Ms. HARRIS (for herself, Mr. SAND- Pensions. PER, Mr. CASEY, Mr. COONS, Ms. COR- ERS, Mr. MARKEY, and Mrs. GILLI- By Mr. BRAUN (for himself, Mrs. LOEF- TEZ MASTO, Ms. DUCKWORTH, Mrs. BRAND): FLER, Mr. SCOTT of South Carolina, FEINSTEIN, Ms. HARRIS, Mr. KAINE, and Mr. CASSIDY): S. 3784. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. S. 3773. A bill to promote the general enue Code of 1986 to provide monthly rebates MENENDEZ, Mr. MERKLEY, Ms. ROSEN, health and well-being of individuals access- to every individual residing in the United Mr. SCHATZ, Ms. SMITH, Mr. VAN HOL- ing work through digital marketplace com- States during the COVID–19 pandemic; to the LEN, and Ms. WARREN): panies, and for other purposes; to the Com- Committee on Finance. S. Res. 589. A resolution recognizing the mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and By Ms. BALDWIN (for herself, Ms. COL- significance of Asian/Pacific American Herit- Pensions. LINS, and Mr. KING): age Month as an important time to celebrate By Mr. PETERS: S. 3785. A bill to authorize the Secretary of the significant contributions of Asian Ameri- S. 3774. A bill to amend the CARES Act to Agriculture to provide food and agriculture cans and Pacific Islanders to the history of establish a Community Capital Investment emergency aid to States, and for other pur- the United States; to the Committee on the Program, and for other purposes; to the poses; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- Judiciary. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban trition, and Forestry. By Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Ms. Affairs. By Mr. MERKLEY (for himself and Mr. SINEMA, Ms. MCSALLY, Mr. RUBIO, By Mr. PETERS (for himself and Mr. WYDEN): Mr. HAWLEY, Mr. CASEY, Mr. JONES, COTTON): Ms. WARREN, Mr. GRASSLEY, Mr. S. 3786. A bill to reimburse United States S. 3775. A bill to establish a United States- SCOTT of South Carolina, Mr. BRAUN, citizens for costs incurred for commercial Israel Operations-Technology Working and Ms. ROSEN): Group, and for other purposes; to the Com- flights arranged by the Department of State mittee on Foreign Relations. to evacuate them from foreign countries due S. Res. 590. A resolution supporting the By Mr. CORNYN (for himself and Ms. to the COVID–19 pandemic and to waive designation of May 15, 2020, as ‘‘National Senior Fraud Awareness Day’’ to raise DUCKWORTH): promissory notes and the obligation to repay S. 3776. A bill to provide for the continu- emergency repatriation loans related to such awareness about the increasing number of ation of paid parental leave for members of travel; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- fraudulent schemes targeting seniors in the the Armed Services in the event of the death tions. United States, to encourage the implementa- of the child; to the Committee on Armed By Ms. HARRIS (for herself, Mrs. tion of policies to prevent those schemes, Services. GILLIBRAND, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. MAR- and to improve protections from those By Ms. ERNST: KEY, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Ms. WARREN, schemes for seniors; considered and agreed S. 3777. A bill to prohibit payment of Pan- Ms. DUCKWORTH, and Mr. REED): to. By Mr. CARDIN (for himself, Mr. SCOTT demic Unemployment Assistance and Fed- S. 3787. A bill to permit the Secretary of of South Carolina, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. eral Pandemic Unemployment Compensation the Treasury to provide direct funding to RUBIO, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. BOOZMAN, to millionaires; to the Committee on Fi- certain entities; to the Committee on Fi- Ms. HARRIS, Mrs. CAPITO, Ms. CORTEZ nance. nance. MASTO, Mr. SULLIVAN, Ms. HIRONO, By Mr. BENNET (for himself and Ms. By Mr. TESTER (for himself, Mr. Mr. CRAMER, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. VAN COLLINS): ROUNDS, Mr. REED, and Mr. HOEVEN): S. 3778. A bill to permit the Election As- HOLLEN, Mr. BROWN, Mr. MARKEY, sistance Commission to waive the matching S. 3788. A bill to amend title 38, United Mr. LANKFORD, and Mr. BRAUN): requirement for payments made to States for States Code, to provide for an increase in the S. Res. 591. A resolution promoting minor- election security grants under the maximum amount of grants awarded by the ity health awareness and supporting the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Secu- Secretary of Veterans Affairs to States and goals and ideals of National Minority Health rity Act; to the Committee on Rules and Ad- tribal organizations for operating and main- Month in April 2020, which include bringing ministration. taining veterans’ cemeteries, and for other attention to the health disparities faced by By Ms. KLOBUCHAR (for herself, Mr. purposes; to the Committee on Veterans’ Af- minority populations of the United States fairs. SASSE, Mr. BOOKER, and Mr. SCOTT of such as American Indians, Alaska Natives, South Carolina): By Mr. CASSIDY (for himself and Mrs. Asian Americans, African Americans, His- S. 3779. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- HYDE-SMITH): panics, and Native Hawaiians or other Pa- enue Code of 1986 to establish a tax credit for S. 3789. A bill to make a clarifying amend- cific Islanders; considered and agreed to. training services received by individuals who ment to the CARES Act; to the Committee By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Ms. are unemployed as a result of the on Appropriations. DUCKWORTH, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. coronavirus pandemic; to the Committee on By Mrs. GILLIBRAND (for Mr. SAND- MARKEY, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. Finance. ERS (for himself, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, BLUMENTHAL, Ms. HARRIS, Ms. CANT- By Mr. PETERS: Mr. MARKEY, Ms. WARREN, Mr. BOOK- WELL, Mr. MURPHY, Mr. MENENDEZ, S. 3780. A bill to encourage domestic ad- ER, Mr. MERKLEY, and Ms. HARRIS)): Mr. REED, Mr. COONS, Mrs. MURRAY, vanced manufacturing of critical drugs and S. 3790. A bill to provide reimbursements Mr. KAINE, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. devices in order to address economic, health, for certain costs of health care items and CASEY, Mr. BOOKER, Ms. HIRONO, and and security concerns, combat shortages of services, including prescription drugs, fur- Mr. MERKLEY): critical drugs and devices, and promote in- nished during the public health emergency S. Res. 592. A resolution expressing support creased domestic diversification of, and inde- declared with respect to COVID–19; to the for the designation of June 5, 2020, as ‘‘Na- pendence from foreign reliance on, pharma- Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and tional Gun Violence Awareness Day’’ and ceutical and medical device supply chains; to Pensions. June 2020 as ‘‘National Gun Violence Aware- the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, By Ms. DUCKWORTH (for herself, Mr. ness Month’’; to the Committee on the Judi- and Pensions. SCHATZ, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Ms. STABE- ciary. By Mr. PETERS: S. 3781. A bill to increase reporting of, help NOW, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. WYDEN, By Ms. BALDWIN (for herself, Mr. mitigate potential shortages related to, and Mr. WARNER, Mr. MENENDEZ, Ms. WHITEHOUSE, Ms. SMITH, Mr. promote, accountability and transparency WARREN, Mr. BROWN, Mrs. SHAHEEN, MERKLEY, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. BROWN, for pharmaceuticals and medical devices; to Mr. PETERS, Mr. DURBIN, Ms. HIRONO, Ms. STABENOW, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. VAN the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, Mr. SANDERS, Ms. SINEMA, Mrs. FEIN- HOLLEN, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Mr. UDALL, and Pensions. STEIN, Ms. BALDWIN, and Mr. Ms. ROSEN, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. CAR- By Ms. DUCKWORTH (for herself, Mr. MERKLEY): PER, Mr. COONS, Mr. DURBIN, and Ms. HARRIS): RUBIO, Mr. COONS, Mr. RISCH, Mrs. S. 3791. A bill to extend the period in which BLACKBURN, Mr. CARDIN, and Mrs. Governors of States may order members of S. Res. 593. A resolution to recognize the SHAHEEN): the National Guard to active duty in connec- 50th anniversary of Earth Day and the lead- S. 3782. A bill to modify the amount au- tion with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 ership of its founder, Senator Gaylord Nel- thorized for commitments for 7(a) loans, and (COVID–19), and for other purposes; to the son; to the Committee on Environment and for other purposes; considered and passed. Committee on Armed Services. Public Works.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:18 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.018 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2553 ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS S. 2748 S. 3602 S. 206 At the request of Ms. HARRIS, her At the request of Mrs. GILLIBRAND, At the request of Mr. TESTER, the name was added as a cosponsor of S. the name of the Senator from Vermont name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. 2748, a bill to repeal the section of the (Mr. SANDERS) was added as a cospon- CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of S. Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Cre- sor of S. 3602, a bill to provide loan for- 206, a bill to award a Congressional ation Act of 2012 that requires the Fed- giveness for certain borrowers of De- Gold Medal to the female telephone op- eral Communications Commission to partment of Agriculture direct farm erators of the Army Signal Corps, reallocate and auction the T–Band loans, and for other purposes. known as the ‘‘Hello Girls’’. spectrum. S. 3605 S. 454 S. 3072 At the request of Mrs. GILLIBRAND, At the request of Mr. CRAMER, the At the request of Mrs. HYDE-SMITH, the names of the Senator from Min- name of the Senator from Georgia the names of the Senator from Mis- nesota (Ms. SMITH) and the Senator (Mrs. LOEFFLER) was added as a cospon- souri (Mr. BLUNT) and the Senator from from California (Ms. HARRIS) were sor of S. 454, a bill to direct the Federal Nebraska (Mrs. FISCHER) were added as added as cosponsors of S. 3605, a bill to Communications Commission to estab- cosponsors of S. 3072, a bill to amend amend the Specialty Crops Competi- lish the Office of Rural Broadband, and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic tiveness Act of 2004 to provide spe- for other purposes. Act to prohibit the approval of new cialty crop block grants to fund State S. 945 abortion drugs, to prohibit investiga- food banks and food access networks. At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the tional use exemptions for abortion S. 3608 drugs, and to impose additional regu- name of the Senator from Arkansas At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the (Mr. COTTON) was added as a cosponsor latory requirements with respect to name of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. previously approved abortion drugs, of S. 945, a bill to amend the Sarbanes- SULLIVAN) was added as a cosponsor of Oxley Act of 2002 to require certain and for other purposes. S. 3608, a bill to amend the CARES Act issuers to disclose to the Securities and S. 3176 to provide flexibility in use of funds by Exchange Commission information re- At the request of Ms. ROSEN, her States, Indian Tribes, and municipali- garding foreign jurisdictions that pre- name was added as a cosponsor of S. ties. 3176, a bill to amend the Foreign As- vent the Public Company Accounting S. 3614 sistance Act of 1961 and the United Oversight Board from performing in- At the request of Ms. HARRIS, the spections under that Act, and for other States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 to make improvements to cer- names of the Senator from Arkansas purposes. (Mr. BOOZMAN) and the Senator from S. 1380 tain defense and security assistance provisions and to authorize the appro- Virginia (Mr. WARNER) were added as At the request of Mr. SULLIVAN, the cosponsors of S. 3614, a bill to authorize name of the Senator from Kentucky priations of funds to Israel, and for other purposes. the Administrator of the Federal (Mr. PAUL) was added as a cosponsor of Emergency Management Agency to ap- S. 3393 S. 1380, a bill to amend the Federal prove State and local plans to partner Rules of Criminal Procedure to remind At the request of Mr. TESTER, the with small and mid-size restaurants prosecutors of their obligations under names of the Senator from Maine (Ms. and nonprofit organizations to provide Supreme Court case law. COLLINS), the Senator from Alabama nutritious meals to individuals in need, S. 1730 (Mr. JONES), the Senator from North to waive certain matching fund re- At the request of Ms. HARRIS, the Dakota (Mr. CRAMER), the Senator quirements, and for other purposes. name of the Senator from Wisconsin from South Dakota (Mr. ROUNDS) and S. 3636 (Ms. BALDWIN) was added as a cospon- the Senator from Michigan (Mr. At the request of Mr. GRAHAM, the sor of S. 1730, a bill to direct the Ad- PETERS) were added as cosponsors of S. names of the Senator from Texas (Mr. ministrator of the National Oceanic 3393, a bill to amend title 10, United CORNYN) and the Senator from Nevada and Atmospheric Administration to States Code, to provide for concurrent (Ms. CORTEZ MASTO) were added as co- make grants to State and local govern- receipt of veterans’ disability com- sponsors of S. 3636, a bill to transfer ments and nongovernmental organiza- pensation and retired pay for disability the United States Secret Service to the tions for purposes of carrying out cli- retirees with fewer than 20 years of Department of the Treasury. mate-resilient living shoreline projects service and a combat-related dis- that protect coastal communities by ability, and for other purposes. S. 3638 supporting ecosystem functions and S. 3406 At the request of Mr. SULLIVAN, the habitats with the use of natural mate- At the request of Ms. DUCKWORTH, name of the Senator from Louisiana rials and systems, and for other pur- the name of the Senator from Nevada (Mr. KENNEDY) was added as a cospon- poses. (Ms. ROSEN) was added as a cosponsor sor of S. 3638, a bill to allow S. 1985 of S. 3406, a bill to reauthorize the Coronavirus Relief Fund payments to At the request of Ms. DUCKWORTH, Interagency Committee on Women’s be used to replace revenue shortfalls the name of the Senator from New Business Enterprise, and for other pur- resulting from COVID–19. York (Mr. SCHUMER) was added as a co- poses. S. 3672 sponsor of S. 1985, a bill to assist com- S. 3457 At the request of Mr. WYDEN, the munities affected by stranded nuclear At the request of Mr. WARNER, the name of the Senator from California waste, and for other purposes. name of the Senator from New York (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- S. 2085 (Mrs. GILLIBRAND) was added as a co- sponsor of S. 3672, a bill to provide At the request of Ms. ROSEN, the sponsor of S. 3457, a bill to amend title States and Indian Tribes with flexi- name of the Senator from Georgia XVIII of the Social Security Act to bility in administering the temporary (Mrs. LOEFFLER) was added as a cospon- clarify congressional intent and pre- assistance for needy families program sor of S. 2085, a bill to authorize the serve patient access to home infusion due to the public health emergency Secretary of Education to award grants therapy under the Medicare program, with respect to the Coronavirus Dis- to eligible entities to carry out edu- and for other purposes. ease (COVID–19), to make emergency cational programs about the Holo- S. 3530 grants to States and Indian Tribes to caust, and for other purposes. At the request of Mr. PETERS, his provide financial support for low-in- S. 2539 name was added as a cosponsor of S. come individuals affected by that pub- At the request of Mr. RUBIO, the 3530, a bill to amend the National Secu- lic health emergency, and for other name of the Senator from Rhode Island rity Act of 1947 to require the Presi- purposes. (Mr. WHITEHOUSE) was added as a co- dent to designate an employee of the S. 3692 sponsor of S. 2539, a bill to modify and National Security Council to be re- At the request of Mrs. GILLIBRAND, reauthorize the Tibetan Policy Act of sponsible for pandemic prevention and the name of the Senator from Con- 2002, and for other purposes. response, and for other purposes. necticut (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) was added

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:03 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.021 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2554 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 as a cosponsor of S. 3692, a bill to im- addressing Iran’s nuclear program, bal- Mr. MERKLEY, Ms. ROSEN, Mr. SCHATZ, prove the ability of the Department of listic missile development, support for Ms. SMITH, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, and Ms. Defense to effectively prevent, track, terrorism, and other destabilizing ac- WARREN) submitted the following reso- and respond to military-connected tivities. lution; which was referred to the Com- child abuse. S. RES. 542 mittee on the Judiciary: S. 3703 At the request of Mr. GARDNER, the S. RES. 589 At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the name of the Senator from Nevada (Ms. Whereas the people of the United States names of the Senator from West Vir- ROSEN) was added as a cosponsor of S. join together each May to pay tribute to the ginia (Mrs. CAPITO) and the Senator Res. 542, a resolution commemorating contributions of generations of Asian Ameri- cans and Pacific Islanders who have enriched from Connecticut (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) the 75th anniversary of the liberation the history of the United States; were added as cosponsors of S. 3703, a of the Dachau concentration camp dur- Whereas the history of Asian Americans bill to amend the Elder Abuse Preven- ing World War II. and Pacific Islanders in the United States is tion and Prosecution Act to improve AMENDMENT NO. 1581 inextricably tied to the story of the United the prevention of elder abuse and ex- At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the States; ploitation of individuals with Alz- names of the Senator from Arizona Whereas the Asian-American and Pacific Islander community is an inherently diverse heimer’s disease and related demen- (Ms. MCSALLY), the Senator from tias. population, composed of more than 45 dis- Texas (Mr. CORNYN) and the Senator tinct ethnicities and more than 100 language S. 3728 from Alaska (Mr. SULLIVAN) were added dialects; At the request of Mr. WICKER, the as cosponsors of amendment No. 1581 Whereas, according to the Bureau of the name of the Senator from Missouri intended to be proposed to S. 3608, a Census, the Asian-American population grew (Mr. BLUNT) was added as a cosponsor bill to amend the CARES Act to pro- faster than any other racial or ethnic group of S. 3728, a bill to require the Sec- vide flexibility in use of funds by over the last decade, surging nearly 72 per- retary of Transportation to support the States, Indian Tribes, and municipali- cent between 2000 and 2015; efforts of State and local governments ties. Whereas there are approximately 22,000,000 residents of the United States who identify to provide for priority testing of essen- f as Asian and approximately 1,600,000 resi- tial critical infrastructure workers STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED dents of the United States who identify as with respect to the Coronavirus Dis- Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, ease 2019 (COVID–19), and for other pur- BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION making up nearly 7 percent of the total pop- poses. By Ms. DUCKWORTH (for herself, ulation of the United States; Whereas the month of May was selected for S. 3731 Mr. RUBIO, Mr. COONS, Mr. RISCH, Mrs. BLACKBURN, Mr. Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month be- At the request of Mr. GRASSLEY, the cause the first Japanese immigrants arrived CARDIN, and Mrs. SHAHEEN): name of the Senator from Wyoming in the United States on May 7, 1843, and the (Mr. BARRASSO) was added as a cospon- S. 3782. A bill to modify the amount first transcontinental railroad was com- sor of S. 3731, a bill to amend title VII authorized for commitments for 7(a) pleted on May 10, 1869, with substantial con- of the Social Security Act to provide loans, and for other purposes; consid- tributions from Chinese immigrants; for a single point of contact at the So- ered and passed. Whereas section 102 of title 36, United cial Security Administration for indi- S. 3782 States Code, officially designates May as Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month and viduals who are victims of identity Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- requests the President to issue an annual resentatives of the United States of America in theft. proclamation calling on the people of the Congress assembled, S. 3743 United States to observe the month with ap- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. At the request of Mr. BLUMENTHAL, propriate programs, ceremonies, and activi- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Small Busi- ties; the name of the Senator from New Jer- ness Lending Continuity Act of 2020’’. sey (Mr. BOOKER) was added as a co- Whereas 2020 marks several important SEC. 2. COMMITMENTS FOR 7(A) LOANS. sponsor of S. 3743, a bill to amend chap- milestones for the Asian-American and Pa- Notwithstanding any other provision of cific Islander community, including— ter 44 of title 18, United States Code, to law, the amounts authorized for commit- (1) the 35th anniversary of the mission ensure that all firearms are traceable, ments for general business loans authorized aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery of Elli- and for other purposes. under section 7(a) of the Small Business Act son Shoji Onizuka, the first Asian American S. 3755 (15 U.S.C. 636(a)) under the heading ‘‘BUSI- in space; NESS LOANS PROGRAM ACCOUNT’’ under the (2) the 45th anniversary of the end of the At the request of Ms. DUCKWORTH, heading ‘‘SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION’’ Vietnam War and the beginning of the the name of the Senator from Cali- under title V of the Consolidated Appropria- Southeast Asian diaspora to communities fornia (Ms. HARRIS) was added as a co- tions Act, 2020 (Public Law 116–93; 133 Stat. across the United States; sponsor of S. 3755, a bill to provide for 2475) shall apply with respect to loans made (3) the 45th anniversary of the completion the establishment of a COVID–19 Com- under such section 7(a), other than loans of the double-hulled voyaging canoe, pensation Fund, and for other pur- made under paragraph (36) of such section Hokulea, marking the first traditional Poly- nesian voyaging canoe built in Hawaii in poses. 7(a), on and after the date of enactment of this Act. more than 600 years; S. 3761 (4) the 55th anniversary of the enactment At the request of Mr. TESTER, the f of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to amend the name of the Senator from Wisconsin SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS Immigration and Nationality Act, and for other purposes’’, approved October 3, 1965 (79 (Ms. BALDWIN) was added as a cospon- Stat. 911), landmark legislation that re- sor of S. 3761, a bill to amend title 38, versed restrictive immigration policies United States Code, to require the Sec- SENATE RESOLUTION 589—RECOG- against immigrants from Asia; and retary of Veterans Affairs to provide NIZING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF (5) the 110th anniversary of the establish- veterans service organizations and rec- ASIAN/PACIFIC AMERICAN HER- ment of Angel Island Immigration Station in ognized agents and attorneys opportu- ITAGE MONTH AS AN IMPOR- San Francisco Bay, California, which served nities to review Department of Vet- TANT TIME TO CELEBRATE THE as a major port of entry for immigrants com- erans Affairs disability rating deter- SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS OF ing to the United States from Asia and the minations before they are finalized, ASIAN AMERICANS AND PACIFIC Pacific; ISLANDERS TO THE HISTORY OF Whereas Asian Americans and Pacific Is- and for other purposes. landers have made significant contributions S. RES. 195 THE UNITED STATES to the United States at all levels of the Fed- At the request of Mr. COTTON, the Ms. HIRONO (for herself, Mr. BENNET, eral Government and in the United States names of the Senator from Arkansas Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. BOOKER, Ms. Armed Forces, including— (1) Daniel K. Inouye, a Medal of Honor and (Mr. BOOZMAN) and the Senator from CANTWELL, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. CARPER, Presidential Medal of Freedom recipient North Carolina (Mr. TILLIS) were added Mr. CASEY, Mr. COONS, Ms. CORTEZ who, as President pro tempore of the Senate, as cosponsors of S. Res. 195, a resolu- MASTO, Ms. DUCKWORTH, Mrs. FEIN- was the highest-ranking Asian-American tion opposing the lifting of sanctions STEIN, Ms. HARRIS, Mr. KAINE, Ms. KLO- government official in the history of the imposed with respect to Iran without BUCHAR, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. MENENDEZ, United States;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:31 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.023 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2555 (2) Dalip Singh Saund, the first Asian- SENATE RESOLUTION 590—SUP- (3) recognizes that law enforcement, con- American Congressman; PORTING THE DESIGNATION OF sumer protection groups, area agencies on aging, and financial institutions all play (3) Patsy T. Mink, the first woman of color MAY 15, 2020, AS ‘‘NATIONAL SEN- IOR FRAUD AWARENESS DAY’’ vital roles in— and Asian-American woman to be elected to (A) preventing the proliferation of scams Congress; TO RAISE AWARENESS ABOUT targeting seniors in the United States; and (4) Hiram L. Fong, the first Asian-Amer- THE INCREASING NUMBER OF (B) educating seniors about those scams; ican Senator; FRAUDULENT SCHEMES TAR- (4) encourages— GETING SENIORS IN THE UNITED (A) the implementation of policies to pre- (5) Daniel K. Akaka, the first Senator of STATES, TO ENCOURAGE THE IM- vent scams targeting seniors; and Native Hawaiian ancestry; PLEMENTATION OF POLICIES TO (B) the improvement of efforts to protect (6) Norman Y. Mineta, the first Asian- PREVENT THOSE SCHEMES, AND seniors from those scams; and American member of a Presidential cabinet; TO IMPROVE PROTECTIONS (5) honors the commitment and dedication and of the individuals and organizations that FROM THOSE SCHEMES FOR work tirelessly to fight against scams tar- (7) Elaine L. Chao, the first Asian-Amer- SENIORS geting seniors. ican woman member of a Presidential cabi- Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Ms. f net; SINEMA, Ms. MCSALLY, Mr. RUBIO, Mr. Whereas, in 2020, the Congressional Asian HAWLEY, Mr. CASEY, Mr. JONES, Ms. SENATE RESOLUTION 591—PRO- Pacific American Caucus, a bicameral cau- WARREN, Mr. GRASSLEY, Mr. SCOTT of MOTING MINORITY HEALTH cus of Members of Congress advocating on South Carolina, Mr. BRAUN, and Ms. AWARENESS AND SUPPORTING behalf of Asian Americans and Pacific Is- THE GOALS AND IDEALS OF NA- landers, is composed of 76 Members, includ- ROSEN) submitted the following resolu- ing 19 Members of Asian or Pacific Islander tion; which was considered and agreed TIONAL MINORITY HEALTH descent; to: MONTH IN APRIL 2020, WHICH IN- Whereas, in 2020, Asian Americans and Pa- S. RES. 590 CLUDE BRINGING ATTENTION TO cific Islanders are serving in State and Terri- Whereas millions of older adults in the THE HEALTH DISPARITIES torial legislatures across the United States United States (referred to in this preamble FACED BY MINORITY POPU- in record numbers, including in— as ‘‘seniors’’) are targeted by scams each LATIONS OF THE UNITED year, including Social Security imperson- (1) the States of Alaska, Arizona, Cali- STATES SUCH AS AMERICAN IN- ation scams and Internal Revenue Service DIANS, ALASKA NATIVES, ASIAN fornia, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, impersonation scams, sweepstakes scams, ro- Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, AMERICANS, AFRICAN AMERI- mance scams, computer tech support scams, CANS, HISPANICS, AND NATIVE Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min- grandparent scams, debt scams, home im- nesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, provement scams, fraudulent investment HAWAIIANS OR OTHER PACIFIC New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, schemes, and identity theft; ISLANDERS Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Whereas other types of fraud perpetrated Mr. CARDIN (for himself, Mr. SCOTT Utah, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming; against seniors include health care fraud, of South Carolina, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. health insurance fraud, counterfeit prescrip- and RUBIO, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. BOOZMAN, tion drug fraud, funeral and cemetery fraud, (2) the Territories of American Samoa, ‘‘anti-aging’’ product fraud, telemarketing Ms. HARRIS, Mrs. CAPITO, Ms. CORTEZ Guam, and the Commonwealth of the North- fraud, and internet fraud; MASTO, Mr. SULLIVAN, Ms. HIRONO, Mr. ern Mariana Islands; Whereas, in 2020, scammers are exploiting CRAMER, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Whereas, in 2020, Asian Americans and Pa- the ongoing coronavirus crisis to prey on Mr. BROWN, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. cific Islanders honorably serve throughout seniors through a variety of scams, including LANKFORD, and Mr. BRAUN) submitted the Federal judiciary; economic impact payment scams, test kit the following resolution; which was Whereas, since January 2020, the increased scams, contact tracing scams, and work- considered and agreed to: use of anti-Asian terminology and rhetoric from-home scams; S. RES. 591 related to the 2019 novel coronavirus Whereas the Government Accountability (COVID–19) has perpetuated an anti-Asian Office has estimated that seniors lose a stag- Whereas the origin of National Minority stigma and has resulted in a dramatic in- gering $2,900,000,000 each year to an ever- Health Month is National Negro Health Week, established in 1915 by Dr. Booker T. crease in reports of hate crimes and inci- growing array of financial exploitation Washington; dents against individuals of Asian descent; schemes and scams; Whereas, since 2013, the fraud hotline of Whereas the theme for National Minority Whereas there remains much to be done to the Special Committee on Aging of the Sen- Health Month in 2020 is ‘‘Active and ensure that Asian Americans and Pacific Is- ate has received more than 9,500 complaints Healthy’’; landers have access to resources and a voice reporting possible scams from individuals in Whereas the Department of Health and in the Government of the United States and all 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Human Services has set goals and strategies continue to advance in the political land- the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; to enhance and protect the health and well- scape of the United States; and Whereas the ease with which criminals being of the people of the United States; Whereas celebrating Asian/Pacific Amer- contact seniors through the internet and Whereas a study by the Joint Center for ican Heritage Month provides the people of telephone increases as more creative Political and Economic Studies, entitled the United States with an opportunity to schemes emerge; ‘‘The Economic Burden of Health Inequal- recognize the achievements, contributions, Whereas, according to the Consumer Sen- ities in the United States’’, concludes that, and history of, and to understand the chal- tinel Network Data Book 2019 released by between 2003 and 2006, the combined cost of lenges faced by, Asian Americans and Pacific the Federal Trade Commission, people age 60 health inequalities and premature death in Islanders: Now, therefore, be it or older reported losing approximately the United States was $1,240,000,000,000; $445,000,000 to fraud in 2019, with a median Whereas African American women were as Resolved, That the Senate— loss for victims age 80 or older of $1,600, more likely to have been diagnosed with breast (1) recognizes the significance of Asian/Pa- than triple the median amount lost by vic- cancer as non-Hispanic White women, but cific American Heritage Month as an impor- tims between the ages of 50 and 59; African American women were about 40 per- tant time to celebrate the significant con- Whereas senior fraud is underreported by cent more likely to die from breast cancer tributions of Asian Americans and Pacific Is- victims due to shame, stigma, and lack of in- than non-Hispanic White women between landers to the history of the United States; formation about where to report fraud; and 2012 and 2016; and Whereas May 15, 2020, is an appropriate day Whereas African American women lose (2) recognizes that Asian-American and Pa- to establish as ‘‘National Senior Fraud their lives to cervical cancer at more than cific Islander communities enhance the rich Awareness Day’’: Now, therefore, be it twice the rate of non-Hispanic White women; diversity of and strengthen the United Resolved, That the Senate— Whereas African American men are 60 per- States. (1) supports the designation of May 15, 2020, cent more likely to die from a stroke than as ‘‘National Senior Fraud Awareness Day’’; non-Hispanic White men; (2) recognizes National Senior Fraud Whereas Hispanics have higher rates of Awareness Day as an opportunity to raise end-stage renal disease caused by diabetes, awareness about the barrage of scams that and are 40 percent more likely to die of dia- individuals age 65 or older in the United betes, than non-Hispanic Whites; States (referred to in this resolution as ‘‘sen- Whereas the HIV diagnosis rate among His- iors’’) face in person, by mail, on the phone, panic men is more than 3 times the HIV di- and online; agnosis rate among non-Hispanic White men;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:31 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.025 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2556 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 Whereas the HIV diagnosis rate among His- Whereas 10.9 percent of Native Hawaiian of gun violence annually, including Hadiya panic women is 4 times the HIV diagnosis and Pacific Islanders, 6.3 percent of Asian Pendleton, who, in 2013, was killed at 15 rate among non-Hispanic White women; Americans, 8.8 percent of Hispanics, 8.7 per- years of age in Chicago, Illinois, while stand- Whereas, in 2018, although African Ameri- cent of African Americans, and 14 percent of ing in a park; cans represented only 13 percent of the popu- American Indians and Alaska Natives re- Whereas the deadly toll of daily gun vio- lation of the United States, African Ameri- ceived mental health treatment or coun- lence has continued even during the COVID– cans accounted for 42 percent of new HIV di- seling in the past year, compared to 18.6 per- 19 pandemic; agnoses; cent of non-Hispanic Whites; Whereas, on June 5, 2020, to recognize the Whereas, in 2018, African American youth Whereas preliminary evidence suggests 23rd birthday of Hadiya Pendleton (born accounted for an estimated 51 percent, and that certain groups, such as African Ameri- June 2, 1997), people across the United States Hispanic youth accounted for an estimated cans, Hispanics, and American Indians and will recognize National Gun Violence Aware- 27 percent, of all new HIV diagnoses among Alaska Natives are more likely than non- ness Day and wear orange in tribute to— youth in the United States; Hispanic Whites to develop severe COVID–19- (1) Hadiya Pendleton and other victims of Whereas, in 2016, Native Hawaiians and Pa- related illnesses and life-threatening symp- gun violence; and (2) the loved ones of those victims; and cific Islanders were 1.6 times more likely to toms; Whereas significant differences in social Whereas June 2020 is an appropriate month be diagnosed with HIV than non-Hispanic to designate as ‘‘National Gun Violence Whites; determinants of health can lead to poor health outcomes and declines in life expect- Awareness Month’’: Now, therefore, be it Whereas, in 2018, Native Hawaiians and Pa- Resolved, That the Senate— ancy; and cific Islanders were 2.5 times more likely to (1) supports— Whereas community-based health care ini- be diagnosed with diabetes than non-His- (A) the designation of June 2020 as ‘‘Na- tiatives, such as prevention-focused pro- panic Whites; tional Gun Violence Awareness Month’’ and grams, present a unique opportunity to use Whereas Native Hawaiians and Pacific Is- the goals and ideals of that month; and innovative approaches to improve public landers are 30 percent more likely to be diag- (B) the designation of June 5, 2020, as ‘‘Na- health and health care practices across the nosed with cancer than non-Hispanic Whites; tional Gun Violence Awareness Day’’, in re- United States and to reduce disparities Whereas, although the prevalence of obe- membrance of the victims of gun violence; among racial and ethnic minority popu- sity is high among all population groups in and lations: Now, therefore, be it the United States, 48 percent of American In- (2) calls on the people of the United States Resolved, That the Senate supports the dian and Alaska Natives, 51 percent of Na- to— goals and ideals of National Minority Health tive Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders, 48 per- (A) promote greater awareness of gun vio- Month in April 2020, which include bringing cent of African Americans, 45 percent of His- lence and gun safety; attention to the health disparities faced by panics, 37 percent of non-Hispanic Whites, (B) wear orange, the color that hunters minority populations in the United States, and 12 percent of Asian Americans more than wear to show that they are not targets, on such as American Indians, Alaska Natives, 18 years old were obese (not including over- June 5, 2020; Asian Americans, African Americans, His- weight); (C) concentrate heightened attention on panics, and Native Hawaiians or other Pa- Whereas, in 2015, Asian Americans were 1.7 gun violence during the summer months, cific Islanders. times more likely than non-Hispanic Whites when gun violence typically increases; and to contract Hepatitis A; f (D) bring community members and leaders Whereas, among all ethnic groups in 2015, SENATE RESOLUTION 592—EX- together to discuss ways to make commu- Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders had nities safer. the highest incidence of Hepatitis A; PRESSING SUPPORT FOR THE f Whereas Asian Americans accounted for 30 DESIGNATION OF JUNE 5, 2020, percent of chronic Hepatitis B cases, and AS ‘‘NATIONAL GUN VIOLENCE SENATE RESOLUTION 593—TO REC- non-Hispanic Whites accounted for 13.5 per- AWARENESS DAY’’ AND JUNE OGNIZE THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY cent of chronic Hepatitis B cases; 2020 AS ‘‘NATIONAL GUN VIO- OF EARTH DAY AND THE LEAD- Whereas of the children diagnosed with LENCE AWARENESS MONTH’’ ERSHIP OF ITS FOUNDER, SEN- perinatal HIV in 2017, 64 percent were Afri- can American, 14 percent were Hispanic, and Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Ms. ATOR GAYLORD NELSON 12 percent were non-Hispanic White; DUCKWORTH, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. MAR- Ms. BALDWIN (for herself, Mr. Whereas the Department of Health and KEY, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, Ms. SMITH, Mr. MERKLEY, Human Services has identified heart disease, BLUMENTHAL, Ms. HARRIS, Ms. CANT- Mr. BOOKER, Mr. BROWN, Ms. STABE- stroke, cancer, and diabetes as 4 of the 10 WELL, Mr. MURPHY, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. NOW, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, leading causes of death among American In- REED, Mr. COONS, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Mr. UDALL, Ms. dians and Alaska Natives; KAINE, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. CASEY, Mr. ROSEN, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. CARPER, Whereas American Indians and Alaska Na- tives die from diabetes, alcoholism, uninten- BOOKER, Ms. HIRONO, and Mr. MERKLEY) Mr. COONS, Mr. DURBIN, and Ms. HAR- tional injuries, homicide, and suicide at submitted the following resolution; RIS) submitted the following resolu- higher rates than other people in the United which was referred to the Committee tion; which was referred to the Com- States; on the Judiciary: mittee on Environment and Public Whereas American Indians and Alaska Na- S. RES. 592 Works: tives have a life expectancy that is 5.5 years Whereas, each year in the United States, S. RES. 593 shorter than the life expectancy of the over- more than— Whereas Earth Day is observed annually all population of the United States; (1) 37,500 individuals are killed and 73,300 around the world to demonstrate support for Whereas African American women die from individuals are wounded by gunfire; preserving, protecting, and defending the en- childbirth or pregnancy-related causes at a (2) 13,300 individuals are killed in homi- vironment, the planet, and the inhabitants rate that is 2 to 3 times higher than the rate cides involving firearms; of the planet; for non-Hispanic White women; (3) 22,900 individuals die by suicide using a Whereas Senator Gaylord Nelson, a native Whereas African American infants are 3.8 firearm; and of Clear Lake, Wisconsin— times more likely to die due to complica- (4) 470 individuals are killed in uninten- (1) established Earth Day as an event and tions related to low birth weight than non- tional shootings; movement led by young people; Hispanic White infants; Whereas, since 1968, more individuals have (2) is recognized as one of the leading envi- Whereas American Indian and Alaska Na- died from guns in the United States than ronmentalists of the 20th century; and tive infants are twice as likely as non-His- have died on the battlefields of all the wars (3) received the Presidential Medal of Free- panic White infants to die from sudden in- in the history of the United States; dom for his public leadership; fant death syndrome; Whereas, by 1 count, in 2019 in the United Whereas the Earth Day movement estab- Whereas American Indian and Alaska Na- States, there were 417 mass shooting inci- lished by Senator Gaylord Nelson helped tives have an infant mortality rate approxi- dents in which not fewer than 4 people were launch an era of international environ- mately twice as high as that of non-Hispanic killed or wounded by gunfire; mental awareness and activism; Whites; Whereas, in 2019 in the United States, Whereas ongoing environmental degrada- Whereas American Indian and Alaska Na- there were at least 130 incidents of gunfire tion and accelerating climate change threat- tive infants are 2.7 times more likely to die on school grounds, resulting in 33 deaths and en the well-being and livelihoods of the indi- from accidental deaths before their first 77 injuries; viduals of the United States and individuals birthday than non-Hispanic White infants; Whereas, every year in the United States, around the world; Whereas sickle cell disease affects approxi- approximately 3,000 children and teens are Whereas pollution, environmental degrada- mately 100,000 people in the United States, killed by gun violence and 13,000 children and tion, and the climate crisis are generational occurring in approximately 1 out of every 365 teens are shot and wounded; justice issues that disproportionately impact African American births and 1 out of every Whereas approximately 7,600 people in the young individuals and future generations, 16,300 Hispanic births; United States under the age of 25 die because who will have to live with—

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:31 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.032 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2557 (1) the health consequences of toxic pollu- garding foreign jurisdictions that pre- regulate, including through the method of tion; vent the Public Company Accounting trading that is commonly referred to as the (2) the economic consequences of depleted Oversight Board from performing in- ‘over-the-counter’ trading of securities. resources; and spections under that Act, and for other ‘‘(D) REMOVAL OF SUBSEQUENT PROHIBI- (3) the moral and political consequences of purposes; as follows: TION.—If, after the end of the 5-year period a growing world population that is vulner- beginning on the date on which the Commis- able to extreme weather, famine, and other Strike all after the enacting clause and in- sion imposes a prohibition on a covered stressors exacerbated by climate change; sert the following: issuer under subparagraph (C), the covered Whereas multiple national and inter- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. issuer certifies to the Commission that the national scientific reports have concluded This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Holding For- covered issuer will retain a registered public that the climate crisis is an urgent threat to eign Companies Accountable Act’’. accounting firm that the Board is able to in- the planet and all life on the planet that re- SEC. 2. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT. spect under this section, the Commission quires urgent action; Section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of shall end that prohibition. Whereas, as of the date of introduction of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214) is amended by adding at ‘‘(4) RULES.—Not later than 90 days after this resolution, there are 74,000,000 children the end the following: the date of enactment of this subsection, the and youth under 18 years of age in the United ‘‘(i) DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURIS- Commission shall issue rules that establish DICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.— States; the manner and form in which a covered ‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection— Whereas young individuals were critical in issuer shall make a submission required ‘‘(A) the term ‘covered issuer’ means an the organization and mobilization of under paragraph (2)(B).’’. issuer that is required to file reports under 20,000,000 individuals on the first Earth Day section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange SEC. 3. ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE. in 1970, making that celebration the largest Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m, 78o(d)); and environmental grassroots event in history at (a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— ‘‘(B) the term ‘non-inspection year’ means, that time; (1) the term ‘‘audit report’’ has the mean- with respect to a covered issuer, a year— Whereas the first Earth Day spurred broad ing given the term in section 2(a) of the Sar- ‘‘(i) during which the Commission identi- banes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7201(a)); support for environmental conservation and fies the covered issuer under paragraph (2)(A) (2) the term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Se- contributed to the creation of the Environ- with respect to every report described in sub- curities and Exchange Commission; mental Protection Agency and the enact- paragraph (A) filed by the covered issuer dur- (3) the term ‘‘covered form’’— ment of bipartisan bedrock Federal environ- ing that year; and (A) means— mental protections, including the Clean Air ‘‘(ii) that begins after the date of enact- (i) the form described in section 249.310 of Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), the Federal Water ment of this subsection. title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), ‘‘(2) DISCLOSURE TO COMMISSION.—The Com- and the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 mission shall— successor regulation; and U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); ‘‘(A) identify each covered issuer that, (ii) the form described in section 249.220f of Whereas the United States has experienced with respect to the preparation of the audit title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any a youth-led resurgence in environmental and report on the financial statement of the cov- successor regulation; and climate activism that has led to hundreds of ered issuer that is included in a report de- (B) includes a form that— thousands of individuals in the United States scribed in paragraph (1)(A) filed by the cov- (i) is the equivalent of, or substantially demanding climate action; ered issuer, retains a registered public ac- similar to, the form described in clause (i) or Whereas low-income communities and counting firm that has a branch or office (ii) of subparagraph (A); and communities of color continue to face dis- that— (ii) a foreign issuer files with the Commis- proportionate harm from climate change, ‘‘(i) is located in a foreign jurisdiction; and sion under the Securities Exchange Act of pollution, and environmental degradation; ‘‘(ii) the Board is unable to inspect or in- 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) or rules issued and vestigate completely because of a position under that Act; Whereas the mission and purpose of Earth taken by an authority in the foreign juris- (4) the terms ‘‘covered issuer’’ and ‘‘non-in- Day remains relevant in 2020 for a new gen- diction described in clause (i), as determined spection year’’ have the meanings given the eration to face environmental challenges by the Board; and terms in subsection (i)(1) of section 104 of the that lie ahead: Now, therefore, be it ‘‘(B) require each covered issuer identified Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214), as Resolved, That the Senate— under subparagraph (A) to, in accordance added by section 2 of this Act; and (1) recognizes April 22, 2020, as the 50th an- with the rules issued by the Commission (5) the term ‘‘foreign issuer’’ has the mean- niversary of Earth Day; and under paragraph (4), submit to the Commis- ing given the term in section 240.3b–4 of title (2) commends the leadership and vision of sion documentation that establishes that the 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any suc- the founder of Earth Day, Senator Gaylord covered issuer is not owned or controlled by cessor regulation. Nelson. a governmental entity in the foreign juris- (b) REQUIREMENT.—Each covered issuer f diction described in subparagraph (A)(i). that is a foreign issuer and for which, during ‘‘(3) TRADING PROHIBITION AFTER 3 YEARS OF a non-inspection year with respect to the AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND NON-INSPECTIONS.— covered issuer, a registered public account- PROPOSED ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Commission de- ing firm described in subsection (i)(2)(A) of termines that a covered issuer has 3 consecu- section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 SA 1589. Mr. KENNEDY (for himself, Mr. tive non-inspection years, the Commission (15 U.S.C. 7214), as added by section 2 of this RUBIO, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. shall prohibit the securities of the covered Act, has prepared an audit report shall dis- CRAMER, and Mr. COTTON) proposed an issuer from being traded— close in each covered form filed by that amendment to the bill S. 945, to amend the ‘‘(i) on a national securities exchange; or issuer that covers such a non-inspection Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to require certain ‘‘(ii) through any other method that is year— issuers to disclose to the Securities and Ex- within the jurisdiction of the Commission to (1) that, during the period covered by the change Commission information regarding regulate, including through the method of covered form, such a registered public ac- foreign jurisdictions that prevent the Public trading that is commonly referred to as the counting firm has prepared an audit report Company Accounting Oversight Board from ‘over-the-counter’ trading of securities. for the issuer; performing inspections under that Act, and ‘‘(B) REMOVAL OF INITIAL PROHIBITION.—If, (2) the percentage of the shares of the for other purposes. after the Commission imposes a prohibition issuer owned by governmental entities in the SA 1590. Mr. PORTMAN (for Mr. ALEX- on a covered issuer under subparagraph (A), foreign jurisdiction in which the issuer is in- ANDER) proposed an amendment to the bill S. the covered issuer certifies to the Commis- corporated or otherwise organized; 1130, to amend the Public Health Service Act sion that the covered issuer has retained a (3) whether governmental entities in the to improve the health of children and help registered public accounting firm that the applicable foreign jurisdiction with respect better understand and enhance awareness Board has inspected under this section to the to that registered public accounting firm about unexpected sudden death in early life. satisfaction of the Commission, the Commis- have a controlling financial interest with re- f sion shall end that prohibition. spect to the issuer; ‘‘(C) RECURRENCE OF NON-INSPECTION (4) the name of each official of the Chinese TEXT OF AMENDMENTS YEARS.—If, after the Commission ends a pro- Communist Party who is a member of the SA 1589. Mr. KENNEDY (for himself, hibition under subparagraph (B) or (D) with board of directors of— Mr. RUBIO, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. respect to a covered issuer, the Commission (A) the issuer; or MENENDEZ, Mr. CRAMER, and Mr. COT- determines that the covered issuer has a (B) the operating entity with respect to non-inspection year, the Commission shall the issuer; and TON) proposed an amendment to the prohibit the securities of the covered issuer (5) whether the articles of incorporation of bill S. 945, to amend the Sarbanes- from being traded— the issuer (or equivalent organizing docu- Oxley Act of 2002 to require certain ‘‘(i) on a national securities exchange; or ment) contains any charter of the Chinese issuers to disclose to the Securities and ‘‘(ii) through any other method that is Communist Party, including the text of any Exchange Commission information re- within the jurisdiction of the Commission to such charter.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:31 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.028 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2558 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 SA 1590. Mr. PORTMAN (for Mr. sudden unexpected infant death and sudden plained (which are known as sudden unex- ALEXANDER) proposed an amendment to unexpected death in childhood, including plained death in childhood). the bill S. 1130, to amend the Public practices to reduce sleep-related infant ‘‘(4) SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED DEATH IN CHILD- Health Service Act to improve the deaths; HOOD.—The term ‘sudden unexplained death ‘‘(D) increasing the voluntary inclusion, in in childhood’ means a sudden unexpected health of children and help better un- registries established for the purpose of con- death in childhood that remains unexplained derstand and enhance awareness about ducting research on sudden unexpected in- after a thorough case investigation. unexpected sudden death in early life; fant death and sudden unexpected death in ‘‘(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— as follows: childhood, of samples of tissues or genetic For the purpose of carrying out this section, Strike all after the enacting clause and in- materials from autopsies that have been col- there is authorized to be appropriated $12,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 sert the following: lected pursuant to Federal or State law and through 2025.’’. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. for which the parent or guardian has pro- SEC. 3. REPORT TO CONGRESS. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Scarlett’s vided informed consent for inclusion in such (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years Sunshine on Sudden Unexpected Death Act’’. registries; or ‘‘(E) disseminating information and mate- after the date of enactment of this Act and SEC. 2. AMENDMENT TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH rials to health care professionals and the biennially thereafter, the Secretary of SERVICE ACT. Health and Human Services shall submit to Part B of title XI of the Public Health public on risk factors that contribute to sud- den unexpected infant death and sudden un- the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, Service Act (42 U.S.C. 241 et seq.) is amend- and Pensions of the Senate and the Com- ed— expected death in childhood, which may in- clude information on risk factors that con- mittee on Energy and Commerce of the (1) in the part heading, by striking ‘‘SUD- tribute to sleep-related sudden unexpected House of Representatives a report that con- DEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME’’ and inserting infant death or sudden unexpected death in tains, with respect to the reporting period— ‘‘SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH, SUDDEN (1) information regarding the incidence childhood. INFANT DEATH SYNDROME, AND SUDDEN UNEX- ‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—To be eligible to re- and number of sudden unexpected infant ’’; and PECTED DEATH IN CHILDHOOD ceive a grant or cooperative agreement death and sudden unexpected death in child- (2) by inserting before section 1122 the fol- under subsection (a)(2), a State, Indian hood (including the number of such infant lowing: Tribe, or Tribal organization shall submit to and child deaths that remain unexplained ‘‘SEC. 1121. ADDRESSING SUDDEN UNEXPECTED the Secretary an application at such time, in after investigation), including, to the extent INFANT DEATH AND SUDDEN UNEX- such manner, and containing such informa- practicable— PECTED DEATH IN CHILDHOOD. tion as the Secretary may require, including (A) a summary of such information by ra- ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may de- information on how such State will ensure cial and ethnic group, and by State; velop, support, or maintain programs or ac- activities conducted under this section are (B) aggregate information obtained from tivities to address sudden unexpected infant coordinated with other federally-funded pro- death scene investigations and autopsies; death and sudden unexpected death in child- grams to reduce infant mortality, as appro- and hood, including by— priate. (C) recommendations for reducing the inci- ‘‘(1) continuing to support the Sudden Un- ‘‘(c) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Sec- dence of sudden unexpected infant death and expected Infant Death and Sudden Death in retary shall provide technical assistance to sudden unexpected death in childhood; the Young Case Registry of the Centers for States, Tribes, and Tribal organizations re- (2) an assessment of the extent to which Disease Control and Prevention and other fa- ceiving a grant or cooperative agreement various approaches of reducing and pre- tality case reporting systems that include under subsection (a)(2) for purposes of car- venting sudden unexpected infant death and data pertaining to sudden unexpected infant rying out the program in accordance with sudden unexpected death in childhood have death and sudden unexpected death in child- this section. been effective; and hood, as appropriate, including such systems ‘‘(d) REPORTING FORMS.— (3) a description of the activities carried supported by the Health Resources and Serv- ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, as out under section 1121 of the Public Health ices Administration, in order to— appropriate, encourage the use of sudden un- Service Act (as added by section 2). ‘‘(A) increase the number of States and ju- expected infant death and sudden unexpected (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms risdictions participating in such registries or death in childhood reporting forms developed ‘‘sudden unexpected infant death’’ and ‘‘sud- systems; and in collaboration with the Centers for Disease den unexpected death in childhood’’ have the ‘‘(B) improve the utility of such registries Control and Prevention to improve the qual- meanings given such terms in section 1121 of or systems, which may include— ity of data submitted to the Sudden Unex- the Public Health Service Act (as added by ‘‘(i) making summary data available to the pected Infant Death and Sudden Death in the section 2). public in a timely manner on the internet Young Case Registry, and other fatality case f website of the Department of Health and reporting systems that include data per- Human Services, in a manner that, at a min- taining to sudden unexpected infant death AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO imum, protects personal privacy to the ex- and sudden unexpected death in childhood. MEET tent required by applicable Federal and ‘‘(2) UPDATE OF FORMS.—The Secretary Mrs. BLACKBURN. Mr. President, I State law; and shall assess whether updates are needed to have 5 requests for committees to meet ‘‘(ii) making the data submitted to such the sudden unexpected infant death inves- during today’s session of the Senate. registries or systems available to research- tigation reporting form used by the Centers They have the approval of the Majority ers, in a manner that, at a minimum, pro- for Disease Control and Prevention in order tects personal privacy to the extent required and Minority leaders. to improve the use of such form with other Pursuant to rule XXVI, paragraph by applicable Federal and State law; and fatality case reporting systems supported by ‘‘(2) awarding grants or cooperative agree- the Department of Health and Human Serv- 5(a), of the Standing Rules of the Sen- ments to States, Indian Tribes, and Tribal ices, and shall make such updates as appro- ate, the following committees are au- organizations for purposes of— priate. thorized to meet during today’s session ‘‘(A) supporting fetal and infant mortality ‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: of the Senate: and child death review programs for sudden ‘‘(1) SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME.—The COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND unexpected infant death and sudden unex- term ‘sudden infant death syndrome’ means TRANSPORTATION pected death in childhood, including by es- a sudden unexpected infant death that re- The Committee on Commerce, tablishing such programs at the local level; mains unexplained after a thorough case in- Science, and Transportation is author- ‘‘(B) improving data collection related to vestigation. ized to meet during the session of the sudden unexpected infant death and sudden ‘‘(2) SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH.— unexpected death in childhood, including The term ‘sudden unexpected infant death’ Senate on Wednesday, May 20, 2020, at by— means the sudden death of an infant under 1 10 a.m., to conduct a hearing. ‘‘(i) improving the completion of death year of age that when first discovered did COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL scene investigations and comprehensive au- not have an obvious cause. Such term in- RESOURCES topsies that include a review of clinical his- cludes such deaths that are explained, as The Committee on Energy and Nat- tory and circumstances of death with appro- well as deaths that remain unexplained ural Resources is authorized to meet priate ancillary testing; and (which are known as sudden infant death during the session of the Senate on ‘‘(ii) training medical examiners, coroners, syndrome). Wednesday, May 20, 2020, at 2:30 p.m., death scene investigators, law enforcement ‘‘(3) SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH IN CHILD- to conduct a hearing on the nomina- personnel, emergency medical technicians, HOOD.—The term ‘sudden unexpected death tion of Mark Menezes, to be Deputy paramedics, emergency department per- in childhood’ means the sudden death of a sonnel, and others who perform death scene child who is at least 1 year of age but not Secretary of Energy. investigations with respect to the deaths of more than 17 years of age that, when first COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC infants and children, as appropriate; discovered, did not have an obvious cause. WORKS ‘‘(C) identifying, developing, and imple- Such term includes such deaths that are ex- The Committee on Environment and menting best practices to reduce or prevent plained, as well as deaths that remain unex- Public Works is authorized to meet

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:31 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.029 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE May 20, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2559 during the session of the Senate on The senior assistant legislative clerk DUE PROCESS PROTECTIONS ACT Wednesday, May 20, 2020, at 10 a.m., to read as follows: Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask conduct a hearing. A resolution (S. Res. 591) promoting minor- unanimous consent that the Judiciary COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND ity health awareness and supporting the Committee be discharged from further goals and ideals of National Minority Health GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS consideration and the Senate now pro- The Committee on Homeland Secu- Month in April 2020, which include bringing attention to the health disparities faced by ceed to S. 1380. rity and Governmental Affairs is au- minority populations of the United States The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without thorized to meet during the session of such as American Indians, Alaska Natives, objection, it is so ordered. the Senate on Wednesday, May 20, 2020, Asian Americans, African Americans, His- The clerk will report the bill by title. at 11:30 a.m., to conduct a hearing on panics, and Native Hawaiians or other Pa- The senior assistant legislative clerk the nomination of Brian D. Miler, to be cific Islanders. read as follows: Special Inspector General for Pan- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there A bill (S. 1380) to amend the Federal Rules demic Recovery, Department of Treas- objection to proceeding to the meas- of Criminal Procedure to remind prosecutors ury. ure? of their obligations under Supreme Court COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY There being no objection, the Senate case law. The Committee on Energy and Nat- proceeded to consider the resolution. There being no objection, the com- Mr. PORTMAN. I further ask that ural Resources is authorized to meet mittee was discharged, and the Senate the resolution be agreed to, the pre- during the session of the Senate on proceeded to consider the bill. amble be agreed to, and the motions to Wednesday, May 20, 2020, at 2:30 p.m., Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous reconsider be considered made and laid to conduct a hearing on nominations. consent that the bill be considered read upon the table with no intervening ac- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- a third time and passed and the motion ator from Ohio. tion or debate. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to reconsider be considered made and f objection, it is so ordered. laid upon the table. SUPPORTING THE DESIGNATION The resolution (S. Res. 591) was The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without OF MAY 15, 2020, AS NATIONAL agreed to. objection, it is so ordered. SENIOR FRAUD AWARENESS DAY The preamble was agreed to. The bill (S. 1380) was ordered to be (The resolution, with its preamble, is engrossed for a third reading, was read Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask printed in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Sub- the third time, and passed, as follows: unanimous consent that the Senate mitted Resolutions.’’) proceed to the consideration of S. Res. S. 1380 590, submitted earlier today. f Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The CONGRATULATING THE STUDENTS, resentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, clerk will report the resolution by PARENTS, TEACHERS, AND SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. title. LEADERS OF CHARTER SCHOOLS The senior assistant legislative clerk This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Due Process ACROSS THE UNITED STATES Protections Act’’. read as follows: FOR MAKING ONGOING CON- SEC. 2. REMINDER OF PROSECUTORIAL OBLIGA- A resolution (S. Res. 590) supporting the TRIBUTIONS TO EDUCATION AND TIONS. designation of May 15, 2020, as ‘‘National SUPPORTING THE IDEALS AND Rule 5 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Senior Fraud Awareness Day’’ to raise GOALS OF THE 21ST ANNUAL NA- Procedure is amended— awareness about the increasing number of TIONAL CHARTER SCHOOLS (1) by redesignating subsection (f) as sub- fraudulent schemes targeting seniors in the section (g); and United States, to encourage the implementa- WEEK, TO BE HELD MAY 10 THROUGH MAY 16, 2020 (2) by inserting after subsection (e) the fol- tion of policies to prevent those schemes, lowing: and to improve protections from those Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask ‘‘(f) REMINDER OF PROSECUTORIAL OBLIGA- schemes for seniors. unanimous consent that the Com- TION.— The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there mittee on Health, Education, Labor, ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In all criminal pro- objection to proceeding to the meas- and Pensions be discharged from fur- ceedings, on the first scheduled court date ure? ther consideration and the Senate now when both prosecutor and defense counsel There being no objection, the Senate proceed to S. Res. 571. are present, the judge shall issue an oral and proceeded to consider the resolution. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The written order to prosecution and defense Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous clerk will report the resolution by counsel that confirms the disclosure obliga- tion of the prosecutor under Brady v. Mary- consent that the resolution be agreed title. land, 373 U.S. 83 (1963) and its progeny, and to, the preamble be agreed to, and the The senior assistant legislative clerk the possible consequences of violating such motions to reconsider be considered read, as follows: order under applicable law. made and laid upon the table with no A resolution (S. Res. 571) congratulating ‘‘(2) FORMATION OF ORDER.—Each judicial intervening action or debate. the students, parents, teachers, and leaders council in which a district court is located The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of charter schools across the United States shall promulgate a model order for the pur- objection, it is so ordered. for making ongoing contributions to edu- pose of paragraph (1) that the court may use The resolution (S. Res. 590) was cation and supporting the ideals and goals of as it determines is appropriate.’’. the 21st annual National Charter Schools f agreed to. Week, to be held May 10 through May 16, The preamble was agreed to. 2020. PROVIDING FOR THE REAPPOINT- (The resolution, with its preamble, is The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there MENT OF MICHAEL M. LYNTON printed in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Sub- objection? AS A CITIZEN REGENT OF THE mitted Resolutions.’’) There being no objection, the com- BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE f mittee was discharged, and the Senate SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PROMOTING MINORITY HEALTH proceeded to consider the resolution. Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask AWARENESS AND SUPPORTING unanimous consent that the Rules THE GOALS AND IDEALS OF NA- consent that the resolution be agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, and the Committee be discharged from further TIONAL MINORITY HEALTH consideration and the Senate now pro- MONTH IN APRIL 2020 motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. ceed to S.J. Res. 72. Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without unanimous consent that the Senate objection, it is so ordered. objection, it is so ordered. proceed to the immediate consider- The resolution (S. Res. 571) was The clerk will report the joint resolu- ation of S. Res. 591, which was sub- agreed to. tion by title. mitted earlier today. The preamble was agreed to. The senior assistant legislative clerk The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (The resolution, with its preamble, is read as follows: clerk will report the resolution by printed in the RECORD of May 12, 2020, A joint resolution (S.J. Res. 72) providing title. under ‘‘Submitted Resolutions.’’) for the reappointment of Michael M. Lynton

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:31 May 21, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A20MY6.035 S20MYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S2560 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 20, 2020 as a citizen regent of the Board of Regents of 7(a), on and after the date of enactment of death in childhood, including by establishing the Smithsonian Institution. this Act. such programs at the local level; There being no objection, the com- f ‘‘(B) improving data collection related to sud- den unexpected infant death and sudden unex- mittee was discharged, and the Senate SCARLETT’S SUNSHINE ON pected death in childhood, including by— proceeded to consider the joint resolu- SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH ACT ‘‘(i) improving the completion of death scene tion. investigations and comprehensive autopsies that Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask include a review of clinical history and cir- consent that the joint resolution be unanimous consent that the Senate cumstances of death with appropriate ancillary considered read a third time and passed proceed to the immediate consider- testing; and ation of Calendar No. 284, S. 1130. ‘‘(ii) training medical examiners, coroners, and the motion to reconsider be consid- death scene investigators, law enforcement per- ered made and laid upon the table. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the bill by title. sonnel, emergency medical technicians, para- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without medics, emergency department personnel, and objection, it is so ordered. The senior assistant legislative clerk others who perform death scene investigations The joint resolution (S.J. Res. 72) read as follows: with respect to the deaths of infants and chil- was ordered to be engrossed for a third A bill (S. 1130) to amend the Public Health dren, as appropriate; ‘‘(C) identifying, developing, and imple- reading, was read the third time, and Service Act to improve the health of chil- dren and help better understand and enhance menting best practices to reduce or prevent sud- passed, as follows: awareness about unexpected sudden death in den unexpected infant death and sudden unex- S.J. RES. 72 early life. pected death in childhood, including practices Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there to reduce sleep-related infant deaths; resentatives of the United States of America in ‘‘(D) increasing the voluntary inclusion, in objection to proceeding to the meas- registries established for the purpose of con- Congress assembled, That, in accordance with ure? section 5581 of the Revised Statutes of the ducting research on sudden unexpected infant United States (20 U.S.C. 43), the vacancy on There being no objection, the Senate death and sudden unexpected death in child- the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian In- proceeded to consider the bill, which hood, of samples of tissues or genetic materials stitution, in the class other than Members of had been reported from the Committee from autopsies that have been collected pursu- Congress, occurring by reason of the expira- on Health, Education, Labor, and Pen- ant to Federal or State law; or ‘‘(E) disseminating information and materials tion of the term of Michael M. Lynton of sions with an amendment to strike all to health care professionals and the public on California is filled by the reappointment of after the enacting clause and insert in risk factors that contribute to sudden unex- the incumbent. The reappointment is for a lieu thereof the following: pected infant death and sudden unexpected term of 6 years, beginning on the later of SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. death in childhood, which may include informa- September 29, 2020, or the date of the enact- tion on risk factors that contribute to sleep-re- ment of this joint resolution. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Scarlett’s Sun- shine on Sudden Unexpected Death Act’’. lated sudden unexpected infant death or sudden f SEC. 2. AMENDMENT TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH unexpected death in childhood. SERVICE ACT. ‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—To be eligible to receive a SMALL BUSINESS LENDING grant or cooperative agreement under subsection CONTINUITY ACT OF 2020 Part B of title XI of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 241 et seq.) is amended— (a)(2), a State, Indian Tribe, or Tribal organiza- Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask (1) in the part heading, by striking ‘‘SUDDEN tion shall submit to the Secretary an application unanimous consent that the Senate INFANT DEATH SYNDROME’’ and inserting at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require, proceed to the immediate consider- ‘‘SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH, SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME, AND including information on how such State will ation of S. 3782, introduced earlier ensure activities conducted under this section today. SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH IN CHILD- HOOD’’; and are coordinated with other federally-funded The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (2) by inserting before section 1122 the fol- programs to reduce infant mortality, as appro- clerk will report the bill by title. lowing: priate. The senior assistant legislative clerk ‘‘(c) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary ‘‘SEC. 1121. ADDRESSING SUDDEN UNEXPECTED shall provide technical assistance to States, read as follows: INFANT DEATH AND SUDDEN UNEX- PECTED DEATH IN CHILDHOOD. Tribes, and Tribal organizations receiving a A bill (S. 3782) to modify the amount au- grant or cooperative agreement under subsection ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may de- thorized for commitments for 7(a) loans, and (a)(2) for purposes of carrying out the program velop, support, or maintain programs or activi- for other purposes. in accordance with this section. ties to address sudden unexpected infant death There being no objection, the Senate ‘‘(d) REPORTING FORMS.— and sudden unexpected death in childhood, in- ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, as ap- proceeded to consider the bill. cluding by— Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous propriate, encourage the use of sudden unex- ‘‘(1) continuing to support the Sudden Unex- pected infant death and sudden unexpected consent that the bill be considered read pected Infant Death and Sudden Death in the death in childhood reporting forms developed in a third time and passed and that the Young Case Registry of the Centers for Disease collaboration with the Centers for Disease Con- motion to reconsider be considered Control and Prevention and other fatality case trol and Prevention to improve the quality of made and laid upon the table. reporting systems that include data pertaining data submitted to the Sudden Unexpected In- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to sudden unexpected infant death and sudden fant Death and Sudden Death in the Young unexpected death in childhood, as appropriate, objection, it is so ordered. Case Registry, and other fatality case reporting including such systems supported by the Health systems that include data pertaining to sudden The bill (S. 3782) was ordered to be Resources and Services Administration, in order engrossed for a third reading, was read unexpected infant death and sudden unexpected to— death in childhood. the third time, and passed, as follows: ‘‘(A) increase the number of States and juris- ‘‘(2) UPDATE OF FORMS.—The Secretary shall S. 3782 dictions participating in such registries or sys- assess whether updates are needed to the sud- tems; and Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- den unexpected infant death investigation re- ‘‘(B) improve the utility of such registries or resentatives of the United States of America in porting form used by the Centers for Disease systems, which may include— Congress assembled, Control and Prevention in order to improve the ‘‘(i) making summary data available to the SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. use of such form with other fatality case report- public in a timely manner on the internet ing systems supported by the Department of This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Small Busi- website of the Department of Health and Health and Human Services, and shall make ness Lending Continuity Act of 2020’’. Human Services, in a manner that, at a min- such updates as appropriate. SEC. 2. COMMITMENTS FOR 7(A) LOANS. imum, protects personal privacy to the extent re- ‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: Notwithstanding any other provision of quired by applicable Federal and State law; and ‘‘(1) SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME.—The law, the amounts authorized for commit- ‘‘(ii) making the data submitted to such reg- term ‘sudden infant death syndrome’ means a ments for general business loans authorized istries or systems available to researchers, in a sudden unexpected infant death that remains under section 7(a) of the Small Business Act manner that, at a minimum, protects personal unexplained after a thorough case investigation. (15 U.S.C. 636(a)) under the heading ‘‘BUSI- privacy to the extent required by applicable ‘‘(2) SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH.—The NESS LOANS PROGRAM ACCOUNT’’ under the Federal and State law; and term ‘sudden unexpected infant death’ means heading ‘‘SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION’’ ‘‘(2) awarding grants or cooperative agree- the sudden death of an infant under 1 year of under title V of the Consolidated Appropria- ments to States, Indian Tribes, and Tribal orga- age that when first discovered did not have an tions Act, 2020 (Public Law 116–93; 133 Stat. nizations for purposes of— obvious cause. Such term includes such deaths 2475) shall apply with respect to loans made ‘‘(A) supporting fetal and infant mortality that are explained, as well as deaths that re- under such section 7(a), other than loans and child death review programs for sudden un- main unexplained (which are known as sudden made under paragraph (36) of such section expected infant death and sudden unexpected infant death syndrome).

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‘‘(3) SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH IN CHILD- ‘‘SEC. 1121. ADDRESSING SUDDEN UNEXPECTED the Secretary an application at such time, in HOOD.—The term ‘sudden unexpected death in INFANT DEATH AND SUDDEN UNEX- such manner, and containing such informa- childhood’ means the sudden death of a child PECTED DEATH IN CHILDHOOD. tion as the Secretary may require, including who is at least 1 year of age but not more than ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may de- information on how such State will ensure 17 years of age that, when first discovered, did velop, support, or maintain programs or ac- activities conducted under this section are not have an obvious cause. Such term includes tivities to address sudden unexpected infant coordinated with other federally-funded pro- death and sudden unexpected death in child- such deaths that are explained, as well as grams to reduce infant mortality, as appro- hood, including by— deaths that remain unexplained (which are priate. ‘‘(1) continuing to support the Sudden Un- known as sudden unexplained death in child- ‘‘(c) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Sec- expected Infant Death and Sudden Death in hood). retary shall provide technical assistance to the Young Case Registry of the Centers for ‘‘(4) SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED DEATH IN CHILD- States, Tribes, and Tribal organizations re- Disease Control and Prevention and other fa- HOOD.—The term ‘sudden unexplained death in ceiving a grant or cooperative agreement tality case reporting systems that include childhood’ means a sudden unexpected death in under subsection (a)(2) for purposes of car- data pertaining to sudden unexpected infant childhood that remains unexplained after a rying out the program in accordance with death and sudden unexpected death in child- thorough case investigation. hood, as appropriate, including such systems this section. ‘‘(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— supported by the Health Resources and Serv- ‘‘(d) REPORTING FORMS.— For the purpose of carrying out this section, ices Administration, in order to— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, as there are authorized to be appropriated such ‘‘(A) increase the number of States and ju- appropriate, encourage the use of sudden un- sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal risdictions participating in such registries or expected infant death and sudden unexpected years 2020 through 2024.’’. systems; and death in childhood reporting forms developed SEC. 3. REPORT TO CONGRESS. ‘‘(B) improve the utility of such registries in collaboration with the Centers for Disease (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after or systems, which may include— Control and Prevention to improve the qual- the date of enactment of this Act and biennially ‘‘(i) making summary data available to the ity of data submitted to the Sudden Unex- thereafter, the Secretary of Health and Human public in a timely manner on the internet pected Infant Death and Sudden Death in the Services shall submit to the Committee on website of the Department of Health and Young Case Registry, and other fatality case Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Human Services, in a manner that, at a min- reporting systems that include data per- Senate and the Committee on Energy and Com- imum, protects personal privacy to the ex- taining to sudden unexpected infant death merce of the House of Representatives a report tent required by applicable Federal and and sudden unexpected death in childhood. that contains, with respect to the reporting pe- State law; and ‘‘(2) UPDATE OF FORMS.—The Secretary riod— ‘‘(ii) making the data submitted to such shall assess whether updates are needed to (1) information regarding the incidence and registries or systems available to research- the sudden unexpected infant death inves- number of sudden unexpected infant death and ers, in a manner that, at a minimum, pro- tigation reporting form used by the Centers sudden unexpected death in childhood (includ- tects personal privacy to the extent required for Disease Control and Prevention in order ing the number of such infant and child deaths by applicable Federal and State law; and to improve the use of such form with other that remain unexplained after investigation), ‘‘(2) awarding grants or cooperative agree- fatality case reporting systems supported by including, to the extent practicable— ments to States, Indian Tribes, and Tribal the Department of Health and Human Serv- (A) a summary of such information by racial organizations for purposes of— ices, and shall make such updates as appro- and ethnic group, and by State; ‘‘(A) supporting fetal and infant mortality priate. (B) aggregate information obtained from and child death review programs for sudden ‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: death scene investigations and autopsies; and unexpected infant death and sudden unex- ‘‘(1) SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME.—The (C) recommendations for reducing the inci- pected death in childhood, including by es- term ‘sudden infant death syndrome’ means dence of sudden unexpected infant death and tablishing such programs at the local level; a sudden unexpected infant death that re- sudden unexpected death in childhood; ‘‘(B) improving data collection related to mains unexplained after a thorough case in- (2) an assessment of the extent to which var- sudden unexpected infant death and sudden vestigation. ious approaches of reducing and preventing unexpected death in childhood, including ‘‘(2) SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH.— sudden unexpected infant death and sudden by— The term ‘sudden unexpected infant death’ unexpected death in childhood have been effec- ‘‘(i) improving the completion of death means the sudden death of an infant under 1 tive; and scene investigations and comprehensive au- year of age that when first discovered did (3) a description of the activities carried out topsies that include a review of clinical his- not have an obvious cause. Such term in- under section 1121 of the Public Health Service tory and circumstances of death with appro- cludes such deaths that are explained, as Act (as added by section 2). priate ancillary testing; and well as deaths that remain unexplained (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms ‘‘(ii) training medical examiners, coroners, (which are known as sudden infant death ‘‘sudden unexpected infant death’’ and ‘‘sudden death scene investigators, law enforcement syndrome). unexpected death in childhood’’ have the mean- UDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH IN CHILD personnel, emergency medical technicians, ‘‘(3) S - ings given such terms in section 1121 of the Pub- HOOD paramedics, emergency department per- .—The term ‘sudden unexpected death lic Health Service Act (as added by section 2). sonnel, and others who perform death scene in childhood’ means the sudden death of a Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous investigations with respect to the deaths of child who is at least 1 year of age but not consent that the committee-reported infants and children, as appropriate; more than 17 years of age that, when first ‘‘(C) identifying, developing, and imple- discovered, did not have an obvious cause. substitute amendment be withdrawn; Such term includes such deaths that are ex- that the Alexander substitute amend- menting best practices to reduce or prevent sudden unexpected infant death and sudden plained, as well as deaths that remain unex- ment be agreed to; and that the bill, as plained (which are known as sudden unex- amended, be considered read a third unexpected death in childhood, including practices to reduce sleep-related infant plained death in childhood). time. deaths; ‘‘(4) SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED DEATH IN CHILD- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ‘‘(D) increasing the voluntary inclusion, in HOOD.—The term ‘sudden unexplained death objection, it is so ordered. registries established for the purpose of con- in childhood’ means a sudden unexpected The amendment (No. 1590) was agreed ducting research on sudden unexpected in- death in childhood that remains unexplained to, as follows: fant death and sudden unexpected death in after a thorough case investigation. ‘‘(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— (Purpose: In the nature of a substitute) childhood, of samples of tissues or genetic materials from autopsies that have been col- For the purpose of carrying out this section, Strike all after the enacting clause and in- lected pursuant to Federal or State law and there is authorized to be appropriated sert the following: for which the parent or guardian has pro- $12,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. vided informed consent for inclusion in such through 2025.’’. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Scarlett’s registries; or SEC. 3. REPORT TO CONGRESS. Sunshine on Sudden Unexpected Death Act’’. ‘‘(E) disseminating information and mate- (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years SEC. 2. AMENDMENT TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH rials to health care professionals and the after the date of enactment of this Act and SERVICE ACT. public on risk factors that contribute to sud- biennially thereafter, the Secretary of Part B of title XI of the Public Health den unexpected infant death and sudden un- Health and Human Services shall submit to Service Act (42 U.S.C. 241 et seq.) is amend- expected death in childhood, which may in- the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, ed— clude information on risk factors that con- and Pensions of the Senate and the Com- (1) in the part heading, by striking ‘‘SUD- tribute to sleep-related sudden unexpected mittee on Energy and Commerce of the DEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME’’ and inserting infant death or sudden unexpected death in House of Representatives a report that con- ‘‘SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH, SUDDEN childhood. tains, with respect to the reporting period— INFANT DEATH SYNDROME, AND SUDDEN UNEX- ‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—To be eligible to re- (1) information regarding the incidence PECTED DEATH IN CHILDHOOD’’; and ceive a grant or cooperative agreement and number of sudden unexpected infant (2) by inserting before section 1122 the fol- under subsection (a)(2), a State, Indian death and sudden unexpected death in child- lowing: Tribe, or Tribal organization shall submit to hood (including the number of such infant

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Mr. President, I ask There being no objection, the Senate dence of sudden unexpected infant death and unanimous consent that when the Sen- proceeded to consider the bill which sudden unexpected death in childhood; ate completes its business today, it ad- had been reported from the Committee (2) an assessment of the extent to which journ until 10 a.m., Thursday, May 21; various approaches of reducing and pre- on Health, Education, Labor, and Pen- further, that following the prayer and venting sudden unexpected infant death and sions. sudden unexpected death in childhood have Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous pledge, the morning hour be deemed been effective; and consent that the bill be considered read expired, the Journal of proceeding be (3) a description of the activities carried a third time. approved to date, the time for the two out under section 1121 of the Public Health The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without leaders be reserved for their use later Service Act (as added by section 2). objection, it is so ordered. in the day, and morning business be (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms The bill was ordered to be engrossed closed; further, that following leader ‘‘sudden unexpected infant death’’ and ‘‘sud- remarks, the Senate proceed to execu- den unexpected death in childhood’’ have the for a third reading and was read the meanings given such terms in section 1121 of third time. tive session for consideration of the the Public Health Service Act (as added by Mr. PORTMAN. I know of no further Ratcliffe nomination under the pre- section 2). debate on the bill. vious order; finally, that following dis- The bill was ordered to be engrossed The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there position of the Ratcliffe nomination, for a third reading and was read the is no further debate, the bill having the Senate resume consideration of the third time. been read the third time, the question Badalamenti nomination under the Mr. PORTMAN. I know of no further is, Shall the bill pass? previous order. debate on the bill, as amended. The bill (S. 2927) was passed, as fol- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there lows: objection, it is so ordered. is no further debate, the bill having S. 2927 been read the third time, the question Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- f is, Shall the bill pass? resentatives of the United States of America in The bill (S. 1130), as amended, was Congress assembled, ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. passed. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. TOMORROW This Act may be cited as the ‘‘NIMHD Re- Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous search Endowment Revitalization Act of Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, if consent that the motion to reconsider 2019’’. there is no further business to come be- be considered made and laid upon the SEC. 2. RESEARCH ENDOWMENTS AT BOTH CUR- fore the Senate, I ask unanimous con- table. RENT AND FORMER CENTERS OF EX- sent that it stand adjourned under the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without CELLENCE. previous order. objection, it is so ordered. Paragraph (1) of section 464z–3(h) of the There being no objection, the Senate, Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285t(h)) at 7:11 p.m., adjourned until Thursday, f is amended to read as follows: May 21, 2020, at 10 a.m. NIMHD RESEARCH ENDOWMENT ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the In- REVITALIZATION ACT OF 2019 stitute may carry out a program to facilitate minority health disparities research and f Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask other health disparities research by pro- unanimous consent that the Senate viding for research endowments— CONFIRMATIONS proceed to the immediate consider- ‘‘(A) at current or former centers of excel- Executive nominations confirmed by ation of Calendar No. 371, S. 2927. lence under section 736; and the Senate May 20, 2020: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ‘‘(B) at current or former centers of excel- THE JUDICIARY clerk will report the bill by title. lence under section 464z–4.’’. Mr. PORTMAN. I ask unanimous ANNA M. MANASCO, OF ALABAMA, TO BE UNITED The senior assistant legislative clerk STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT read as follows: consent that the motion to reconsider OF ALABAMA. be considered made and laid upon the JOHN F. HEIL III, OF OKLAHOMA, TO BE UNITED STATES A bill (S. 2927) to amend the Public Health DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE NORTHERN, EASTERN AND Service Act to provide that the authority of table. WESTERN DISTRICTS OF OKLAHOMA.

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