Commitment After Acquittal on Grounds of Insanity M
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Compensation Chart by State
Updated 5/21/18 NQ COMPENSATION STATUTES: A NATIONAL OVERVIEW STATE STATUTE WHEN ELIGIBILITY STANDARD WHO TIME LIMITS MAXIMUM AWARDS OTHER FUTURE CONTRIBUTORY PASSED OF PROOF DECIDES FOR FILING AWARDS CIVIL PROVISIONS LITIGATION AL Ala.Code 1975 § 29-2- 2001 Conviction vacated Not specified State Division of 2 years after Minimum of $50,000 for Not specified Not specified A new felony 150, et seq. or reversed and the Risk Management exoneration or each year of incarceration, conviction will end a charges dismissed and the dismissal Committee on claimant’s right to on grounds Committee on Compensation for compensation consistent with Compensation Wrongful Incarceration can innocence for Wrongful recommend discretionary Incarceration amount in addition to base, but legislature must appropriate any funds CA Cal Penal Code §§ Amended 2000; Pardon for Not specified California Victim 2 years after $140 per day of The Department Not specified Requires the board to 4900 to 4906; § 2006; 2009; innocence or being Compensation judgment of incarceration of Corrections deny a claim if the 2013; 2015; “innocent”; and Government acquittal or and Rehabilitation board finds by a 2017 declaration of Claims Board discharge given, shall assist a preponderance of the factual innocence makes a or after pardon person who is evidence that a claimant recommendation granted, after exonerated as to a pled guilty with the to the legislature release from conviction for specific intent to imprisonment, which he or she is protect another from from release serving a state prosecution for the from custody prison sentence at underlying conviction the time of for which the claimant exoneration with is seeking transitional compensation. -
Improving Recidivism As a Performance Measure Ryan King Brian Elderbroom Washington State Offender Accountability Act of 1999
Improving Recidivism as a Performance Measure Ryan King Brian Elderbroom Washington State Offender Accountability Act of 1999 Goal: “reduce the risk of reoffending by offenders in the community” Legislation calls for Department of Corrections to: • Classify supervised individuals based on risk of reoffending and severity of prior criminal offending • Shift resources toward higher-risk persons Washington Recidivism Rates Source: Washington State Institute for Public Policy Establishing Metrics for Success and Assessing Results Why measure correctional performance? • Understand the outcomes of funding and policy decisions • Assess the effectiveness of justice agencies at reducing reoffending • Provide the best return on taxpayer investments Most Common Correctional Performance Measure: Recidivism The Good: • Correctional interventions (prison, community supervision) are supposed to reduce reoffending, so recidivism is a natural metric for success The Bad: • Frequently a single-indicator, which doesn’t allow for policy-relevant comparisons across groups • Irregularly collected • Presented absent context Four Steps to Make Recidivism a Meaningful Performance Measure Define Collect Analyze Disseminate Definition Use Multiple Measures of Success Desistance Severity Time to failure Behavior Change Time to Failure (Delaware) Percent Rearrested 2008 2009 2010 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 6 12 18 24 36 Months from prison release Collection Develop Protocols to Ensure Data Are Consistent, Accurate, and Timely Assign unique identifiers Develop long-term records Collect contextual information Update change in status Photo: Flickr/Kevin Dl Breaking Recidivism Down by Policy- Relevant Factors (Colorado) 3-year return to prison rates for 2010 release cohort Analysis Account for Underlying Composition of the Prison Population Photo: Flickr/Thomas Hawk Photo: Flickr/Thomas Hawk Remember that Washington Story from Earlier . -
249 Subpart C—Director, Secretary of the Navy Council of Review Boards and President Naval Discharge Review Board; Re- Sponsib
Department of the Navy, DoD § 724.302 § 724.223 NDRB support and aug- can presume the truth of such facts, mentation by regular and reserve unless there is a substantial credible activities. evidence to rebut this presumption; or (a) When an NDRB Panel travels for (2) If the discharge in lieu of court- the purpose of conducting hearings, it martial only required a valid preferral, shall normally select Navy or Marine the NDRB may presume that the signer Corps installations in the area visited either had personal knowledge of, or as review sites. had investigated the matters set forth, (b) The NDRB Traveling Board shall and that the charges were true in fact normally consist of members from the to the best of the signer’s knowledge NCPB and augmentees from regular and belief. 1 The weight to be given this and reserve Navy and Marine Corps presumption in determining whether sources, as required. the facts stated in the charge sheet are (c) Navy and Marine Corps activities true is a matter to be determined by in the geographical vicinity of selected the NDRB. To the extent that the dis- review sites shall provide administra- charge proceeding reflects an official tive support and augmentation to an determination that the facts stated in NDRB Panel during its visit where the charge sheet are true; that the ap- such assistance can be undertaken plicant/accused admitted the facts without interference with mission ac- stated in the charge sheet; or that the complishment. The NDRB shall coordi- applicant/accused admitted guilt of the nate requests for augmentees and ad- offense(s), then the presumption is ministrative support through Com- strengthened. -
Introductory Handbook on the Prevention of Recidivism and the Social Reintegration of Offenders
Introductory Handbook on The Prevention of Recidivism and the Social Reintegration of Offenders CRIMINAL JUSTICE HANDBOOK SERIES Cover photo: © Rafael Olivares, Dirección General de Centros Penales de El Salvador. UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Introductory Handbook on the Prevention of Recidivism and the Social Reintegration of Offenders CRIMINAL JUSTICE HANDBOOK SERIES UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2018 © United Nations, December 2018. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. Preface The first version of the Introductory Handbook on the Prevention of Recidivism and the Social Reintegration of Offenders, published in 2012, was prepared for the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) by Vivienne Chin, Associate of the International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy, Canada, and Yvon Dandurand, crimi- nologist at the University of the Fraser Valley, Canada. The initial draft of the first version of the Handbook was reviewed and discussed during an expert group meeting held in Vienna on 16 and 17 November 2011.Valuable suggestions and contributions were made by the following experts at that meeting: Charles Robert Allen, Ibrahim Hasan Almarooqi, Sultan Mohamed Alniyadi, Tomris Atabay, Karin Bruckmüller, Elias Carranza, Elinor Wanyama Chemonges, Kimmett Edgar, Aida Escobar, Angela Evans, José Filho, Isabel Hight, Andrea King-Wessels, Rita Susana Maxera, Marina Menezes, Hugo Morales, Omar Nashabe, Michael Platzer, Roberto Santana, Guy Schmit, Victoria Sergeyeva, Zhang Xiaohua and Zhao Linna. -
Discriminatory Acquittal
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal Volume 18 (2009-2010) Issue 1 Article 4 October 2009 Discriminatory Acquittal Tania Tetlow Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons Repository Citation Tania Tetlow, Discriminatory Acquittal, 18 Wm. & Mary Bill Rts. J. 75 (2009), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj/vol18/iss1/4 Copyright c 2009 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj DISCRIMINATORY ACQUITTAL Tania Tetlow* ABSTRACT This article is the first to analyze a pervasive and unexplored constitutional problem: the rights of crime victims against unconstitutional discrimination by juries. From the Emmett Till trial to that of Rodney King, there is a long history of juries acquitting white defendants charged with violence against black victims. Modem empirical evidence continues to show a devaluation of black victims; dramatic dis- parities exist in death sentence and rape conviction rates according to the race of the victim. Moreover, just as juries have permitted violence against those who allegedly violated the racial order, juries use acquittals to punish female victims of rape and domestic violence for failing to meet gender norms. Statistical studies show that the "appropriateness" of a female victim's behavior is one of the most accurate predictors of conviction for gender-based violence. Discriminatory acquittals violate the Constitution. Jurors may not constitutionally discriminate against victims of crimes any more than they may discriminate against defendants. Jurors are bound by the Equal Protection Clause because their verdicts constitute state action, a point that has received surprisingly little scholarly analysis. -
Penal Code Offenses by Punishment Range Office of the Attorney General 2
PENAL CODE BYOFFENSES PUNISHMENT RANGE Including Updates From the 85th Legislative Session REV 3/18 Table of Contents PUNISHMENT BY OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION ........................................................................... 2 PENALTIES FOR REPEAT AND HABITUAL OFFENDERS .......................................................... 4 EXCEPTIONAL SENTENCES ................................................................................................... 7 CLASSIFICATION OF TITLE 4 ................................................................................................. 8 INCHOATE OFFENSES ........................................................................................................... 8 CLASSIFICATION OF TITLE 5 ............................................................................................... 11 OFFENSES AGAINST THE PERSON ....................................................................................... 11 CLASSIFICATION OF TITLE 6 ............................................................................................... 18 OFFENSES AGAINST THE FAMILY ......................................................................................... 18 CLASSIFICATION OF TITLE 7 ............................................................................................... 20 OFFENSES AGAINST PROPERTY .......................................................................................... 20 CLASSIFICATION OF TITLE 8 .............................................................................................. -
Forfeitures and the Eighth Amendment
UIdaho Law Digital Commons @ UIdaho Law Faculty Scholarship Summer 2017 Forfeitures and the Eighth Amendment: A Practical Approach to the Excessive Fines Clause as a Check on Government Seizures David Pimentel University of Idaho College of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.uidaho.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Constitutional Law Commons Recommended Citation 11 Harv. L. & Pol'y Rev. 541 (2017) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ UIdaho Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ UIdaho Law. Forfeitures and the Eighth Amendment: A Practical Approach to the Excessive Fines Clause as a Check on Government Seizures David Pimentel* INTRODUCTION After forty-nine years working the sugar plantations in Hawai'i, Joseph Lopes retired with his wife Frances in a modest home they had managed to buy with the fieldwork earnings.' Their adult, mentally disabled son Thomas lived with them.2 The Pittsburgh Press recounted their story: For a while, Thomas grew marijuana in the back yard-and threatened to kill himself every time his parents tried to cut it down. In 1987, the police caught Thomas, then 28. He pleaded guilty, got probation for his first offense and was ordered to see a psychologist once a week. He has, and never again has grown dope or been arrested. The family thought the episode was behind them. But [four years later], a detective scouring old arrest records for forfeiture opportunities realized the Lopes house could be taken away because they had admitted they knew about the marijuana.3 Federal drug agents subsequently paid Joseph and Frances Lopes a visit and claimed their home for the U.S. -
Treat Or Repeat
Treat or Repeat A State Survey of Serious Mental Illness, Major Crimes and Community Treatment September 2017 TreatmentAdvocacyCenter.org/treat-or-repeat The gatekeepers of the chronically mentally ill must recognize that a failure to assess not just the rights of the mentally ill persons, but also their ability to achieve a minimum standard of acceptable behavior in the community will further erode public confidence in the professionals who govern patient care. … When the personal freedom of the mentally ill is given priority over all other considerations, the tyranny of some will jeopardize the autonomy of all. — Gary Maier, M.D., 1989 “The Tyranny of Irresponsible Freedom” Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 40, 453 Treat or Repeat A STATE SURVEY OF SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESS, MAJOR CRIMES AND COMMUNITY TREATMENT E. Fuller Torrey, M.D. Founder Treatment Advocacy Center Lisa Dailey, J.D. Legislative and Policy Counsel Treatment Advocacy Center H. Richard Lamb, M.D. Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Elizabeth Sinclair, M.P.H. Research Associate Treatment Advocacy Center John Snook, J.D. Executive Director Treatment Advocacy Center Online at TreatmentAdvocacyCenter.org/treat-or-repeat © 2017 Treatment Advocacy Center Arlington, Virginia TREAT OR REPEAT n TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... -
Access to Exculpatory Evidence: Avoiding the Agurs Problems of a Prosecutorial Discretion and Retrospective Review
Fordham Law Review Volume 53 Issue 3 Article 2 1984 Access to Exculpatory Evidence: Avoiding the Agurs Problems of a Prosecutorial Discretion and Retrospective Review Daniel J. Capra Fordham University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Daniel J. Capra, Access to Exculpatory Evidence: Avoiding the Agurs Problems of a Prosecutorial Discretion and Retrospective Review, 53 Fordham L. Rev. 391 (1984). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol53/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Law Review by an authorized editor of FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ACCESS TO EXCULPATORY EVIDENCE: AVOIDING THE A GURS PROBLEMS OF PROSECUTORIAL DISCRETION AND RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW DANIEL J. CAPRA* INTRODUCTION N the course of many criminal investigations, the state will uncover information that is favorable to the criminal defendant. The likelihood of defense counsel uncovering the same piece of information is usually slim.1 This unequal access is caused by a number of factors ranging from a differential in resources to the timing of investigations.2 The disparity in access to exculpatory evidence is even greater when the defendant is indigent.3 In Brady v. Maryland,4 the Supreme Court attempted to lessen the disparity in access to exculpatory evidence before and during trial. * Associate Professor of Law, Fordham University School of Law. -
Application for Pardon After Probation, Parole Or Discharge
CFJ-515A Rev. 6/2021 MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS OFFICE OF THE PAROLE BOARD APPLICATION FOR PARDON AFTER PROBATION, PAROLE OR DISCHARGE I hereby petition the Governor, as provided by law, for a pardon for the following conviction(s) in the State of Michigan and submit the following information in support of this application: 1. Name: ___________________________________________ Telephone #: (_____)______- ________ Address: __________________________________________________________________________ Marital Status: ( ) Married ( ) Divorced ( ) Single ( ) Widowed Number of Dependents: ______ 2. * Date of Birth: ___________ Place of Birth: _________________ U.S. Citizen: ( ) Yes ( ) No SS#: _____-____-_____ Sex: ( )Male ( )Female Race: ________ Michigan Prison #: _________ (* Information under question # 2 above used for identification and statistical purposes only) 3. Pursuant to statute, if you have been convicted of not more than one offense you may file an application with the convicting Court for the entry of an order setting aside the conviction. A person is not rendered ineligible for filing an application if they have also been convicted of not more than 2 minor offenses in addition to the offense for which the person files an application. “Minor Offense” means a misdemeanor or ordinance violation for which the maximum permissible imprisonment does not exceed 90 days, for which the maximum permissible fine does not exceed $1,000.00, and that it is committed by a person who is not more than 21 years of age. Have you reviewed the statutory criteria in 1965 PA 213, MCL 780.621 - MCL 780.624, seeking expungement/setting aside of the conviction of that crime? ( ) Yes ( ) No (Statutes can be found on the Michigan Legislative website at www.michiganlegislature.org) 4. -
Sexual Offender Registration and Monitoring Program Rules
RULES OF TENNESSEE BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION CHAPTER 1395-1-5 SEXUAL OFFENDER REGISTRATION AND MONITORING PROGRAM TABLE OF CONTENTS 1395-1-5-.01 Purpose and Scope 1395-1-5-.05 Sexual Offender and Registration Monitoring Process 1395-1-5-.02 Definitions 1395-1-5-.06 Record System 1395-1-5-.03 Sexual Offender Registration and Monitoring 1395-1-5-.07 Removal from Registration and Monitoring Program in General Requirements 1395-1-5-.04 Monitoring Form Requirements 1395-1-5-.08 Violations- Penalties 1395-1-5-.01 PURPOSE AND SCOPE. The purpose of the program has been found to be regulatory, not punitive. It has been held that the program addresses legitimate concerns of law enforcement about sex offenders. Cutshall v. Sundquist, 193 F. 3d 466 (6th Cir. 1999). As an independent department, TBI has been charged with the responsibility of administering and maintaining the program, which is civil and remedial in nature. Only those offenders who meet the statutory definition of “sexual offender” can be registered, regardless of court orders to the contrary. Information contained in the registry should not be used to injure, harass, or commit a criminal act against any person named in the registry; any such action could result in criminal prosecution. Authority: T.C.A. §40-39-101. Administrative History: Original rule filed December 19, 2001; effective April 30, 2002. 1395-1-5-.02 DEFINITIONS. (1) Acknowledgment Form - A form provided by the TBI to agencies for the purpose of confirming that the sexual offender understands the requirements and penalties involved in the sexual offender registration/ monitoring process. -
Evidentiary Use of Prior Acquitted Crimes: the “Relative Burdens of Proof” Rationale
Washington University Law Review Volume 64 Issue 1 1986 Evidentiary Use of Prior Acquitted Crimes: The “Relative Burdens of Proof” Rationale Alexander H. Gillespie Washington University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview Part of the Evidence Commons, and the Legal Remedies Commons Recommended Citation Alexander H. Gillespie, Evidentiary Use of Prior Acquitted Crimes: The “Relative Burdens of Proof” Rationale, 64 WASH. U. L. Q. 189 (1986). Available at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview/vol64/iss1/6 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTES EVIDENTIARY USE OF PRIOR ACQUITTED CRIMES: THE "RELATIVE BURDENS OF PROOF" RATIONALE The fifth amendment guarantee against double jeopardy' protects a de- fendant from prosecution for an offense of which he has been previously acquitted.2 In Ashe v. Swenson,3 the Supreme Court held that criminal collateral estoppel,4 as derived from the double jeopardy clause, pre- cludes relitigation of an issue of "ultimate fact"5 determined in a previ- ous trial. In Ashe, the defendant was accused of robbing one of six poker players. In the first trial, Ashe was acquitted. In a second trial, Ashe was accused of robbing a different player in the same poker game. This time, Ashe was convicted.6 The identity of Ashe as a robber was the sole issue in dispute in the first trial.7 The acquittal in the first trial necessar- ily established that Ashe was not one of the robbers.