America God Damn1 — Par Dread Scott

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America God Damn1 — Par Dread Scott 30Essai Dread Scott 31Essai Dread Scott America God Damn1 — par Dread Scott Dread Scott sera en résidence à Paris ce printemps, dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre L’Institut des mondes africains – CNRS, L’École européenne Artiste activiste, Dread Scott pratique un « art révolutionnaire s’allonge dans une effroyable analogie. Pourtant, quelque chose pour faire avancer l’histoire ». Né en 1965 à Chicago, il vit semble nouveau : ce « refus de vivre ainsi plus longtemps » et travaille à New York. De son vrai nom Scott Tyler, il choisit dont parle Dread Scott qui, cette fois, a embrasé le pays et au-delà. le pseudonyme de Dread Scott pour des raisons politiques : Ce qui a changé, c’est le choc des images d’une mort en direct. la première et la plus évidente est la référence à Dred Scott, Désormais, les gens filment les exactions, plus personne célèbre esclave noir ayant plaidé en justice pour sa liberté ne se taira. autour de 1850 et qui est devenu une figure de la lutte On est frappé par la portée universelle du texte de Dread abolitionniste. Mais en anglais, « Dread » signifie aussi la crainte, Scott. Le meurtre de George Floyd a précipité une mondialisation la terreur, l’effroi, sentiments qu’il lui plaît d’inspirer. de la cause pour la justice raciale, y compris en France, C’est enfin un clin d’œil au mouvement Rastafari, dont l’image où le combat contre les violences policières, longtemps niées est celle d’un peuple opprimé luttant pour la justice. par les autorités, est incarné par Assa Traoré, qui réclame Diplômé de la School of The Art Institute of Chicago sans relâche depuis six ans, la vérité sur le décès de son frère en 1989, il s’installe à New York, où il suit le programme d’étude Adama et, à travers son action, sur ceux de toutes les victimes. indépendant du Whitney Museum of Art. Depuis plus de trente En 1989, alors qu’il était encore étudiant, Dread Scott exposait ans, il développe un travail plastique qui confronte la société « What is the proper way to display a U.S. flag ? », œuvre montrant états-unienne à sa brutalité et à son injustice raciale. En 2015, un drapeau américain posé au sol, accompagné d’un livre destiné il réactive le drapeau « A man was lynched yesterday » en réponse à recevoir les réactions des visiteurs. L’artiste souhaitait ainsi au meurtre, en Caroline du Sud, de Walter Scott par des policiers. démontrer que la promotion de la ferveur nationale encourageait Ce drapeau surgi du passé, de l’histoire américaine dans ce qu’elle l’oppression, particulièrement de la communauté afro-américaine. a de plus sombre, était hissé dans les années 1920-30 devant L’œuvre fit scandale à l’époque. Elle paraît étonnement le siège de la National Association for Advancement of Colored contemporaine si l’on considère, en France, le débat national People (NAACP) à New York, à chaque fois qu’une personne actuel sur un soi-disant « séparatisme » qui mettrait en danger noire était lynchée. Dread Scott invoque ici le passé pour parler l’unité de la nation. « On refuse d’être les bons noirs ! » affirmait du présent : « A man was lynched by police yesterday ». la comédienne Aïssa Maïga dans son plaidoyer pour la diversité Le 5 juin 2020, Dread Scott publie dans The Art Newspaper au cinéma lors de la cérémonie des Césars 2020. Ne plus courber un texte dans lequel il revient sur les manifestations qui ont l’échine, ne plus se taire, c’est bien cela qui a changé. « Les gens suivi le meurtre de George Floyd, avec cette question centrale ont appris à écrire avec le feu et le monde entier comprend qui revient comme un leitmotiv, presque un mantra : ce langage », ces premiers mots du texte de Dread Scott « What has changed ? ». À bien des égards, rien n’a changé. annoncent déjà demain. Se tenir debout est un espoir immense. La liste des personnes Noires tuées par la police aux États-Unis « No hope without rage ». Il n’y a pas d’espoir sans rage. Guillaume Lasserre Les gens ont appris à écrire avec par le procureur. Le 13 mars, Breonna Après tout, le meurtre de personnes le feu et le monde entier comprend Taylor est tuée par la police municipale Noires par la police est une situation ce langage. Commissariats consumés. de Louisville alors qu’elle se trouve banale aux États-Unis. Véhicules de police enflammés. chez elle, dans son lit. Les procureurs Barricades embrasées. Tourbillons locaux ont couvert ses assassins. — de fumée autour de la Maison Blanche. Le 25 mai, George Floyd est tué par quatre Littéralement, « Amérique Dieu [te] maudisse », Un nouveau jour s’est levé, officiers de la police de Minneapolis. jeu de mots sur God Bless America [Dieu bénisse l’Amérique], titre de l’hymne et c’est beau. Les flics n’ont rien vu de mal à appuyer national des États-Unis ; l’expression « God Damn [it] ! » est aussi familièrement employée Dread Scott, Emancipation Proclamation leur genou sur la nuque d’un homme pour exprimer la colère, comme « Bon dieu ! » Impression pigmentaire / Pigment print, 56 × 46 cm. Courtesy the artist. menotté pendant neuf minutes alors qu’il ou « Bon sang ! » NdT. Cette phrase ouvre sa profession de foi artistique, Le 23 février, Ahmaud Arbery est dit : « Je ne peux pas respirer », jusqu’à sur son site Internet « Artist statement », pourchassé et sommairement abattu ce qu’il cesse de respirer. Ils étaient www.dreadscott.net Voir à ce propos Tim McNeese, Dred Scott v. Sandford : par un ancien policier, son fils et un ami entourés d’une foule de spectateur·trice·s the pursuit of freedom, New York, Chelsea House, 2007, — toute la scène a été filmée par les et filmés. Ils savaient qu’ils ne seraient 128 pp. (Non traduit). « Quelle est la meilleure façon de montrer tueurs — et les meurtriers ont été protégés pas punis pour leurs crimes. un drapeau américain ? » 32Essai Dread Scott 33Essai Dread Scott Dread Scott, #While Black Dread Scott, #While Black Sérigraphie / Screen prints, chacune / each 30 × 22 cm. Courtesy the artist. Encadré / Framed, sérigraphie / screen prints, chacune / each 30 × 22 cm. Courtesy the artist. Considérez qu’il y a six ans, j’ai écrit changement progressiste, comme calme. Les manifestant·e·s sont de vrai·e·s le gouvernement. Le président Trump visé·e·s par des tirs et même aveuglé·e·s l’ampleur des inégalités, de l’injustice au sujet des réactions au meurtre de beaucoup l’annonçaient ? Vous faut-il combattant·e·s de la liberté qui se sont en particulier se cache dans son bunker au gaz poivre par la police. et du racisme qui sous-tendent cette Michael Brown par la police le 9 août 2014 encore avoir des conversations avec votre dressé·e·s face aux forces armées chargées toutes lumières éteintes et ne peut Des manifestant·e·s ont été société, révélée par la pandémie et des manifestations qui ont suivi enfant sur les moyens de survivre à une de faire respecter ce système. Iels se sont sortir pour une campagne photographique traîné·e·s hors de leur voiture et plaqué·e·s de la Covid-19. Trois fois plus de personnes à Ferguson, dans le Missouri, dans un essai rencontre avec la police ? Les Vies Noires montré·e·s héroïques et invaincu·e·s. qu’entouré de centaines de brutes au sol sous la menace d’une arme à feu. Noires que de personnes blanches pour le Walker Art Center de Minneapolis. Comptent-Elles ? La révolte populaire de Ferguson et de voyous armés. Leur char bloqué par un·e manifestant·e, meurent du virus ?! Des « travailleur·euse·s Je commençais ainsi : Depuis lors, des hashtags ont été a été plus ou moins maîtrisée. Mais cette Le gouvernement a répondu des agent·e·s de police ont menacé : essentiel·le·s » sont entassé·e·s de force « Illégitimes. La police de Ferguson, ajoutés devant les noms de Tamir Rice, fois le feu a embrasé le pays et de très, très, aux demandes populaires de mettre fin « Dégage le passage ou tu vas mourir. ». les un·e·s sur les autres pour abattre illégitime. Le ministère de la Justice, Sandra Bland, Laquan McDonald, Walter très nombreuses personnes se sont jointes à la brutalité policière en défendant Des hélicoptères militaires ont des porcs ou emballer des Game Boys dans illégitime. Le gouverneur Nixon, illégitime. Scott, Freddie Gray, Philando Castile à la bataille et ont été transformées. violemment le meurtre par la répression. terrorisé les gens à Washington DC. des entrepôts à haute charge virale ?! Barack Obama, illégitime. Tout ce système, et Alton Sterling. Et il y en a tant d’autres Les gens bravent la loi et ignorent les Dans le Minnesota, des gardes nationaux Plus de 10 000 personnes ont été arrêtées. Des infirmier·ère·s des hôpitaux publics illégitime. Voilà ce que de plus en plus dont nous ne connaissons pas le nom. couvre-feux. Iels se rebellent avec courage, armés ont tiré des munitions anti-émeutes La police et la garde nationale ont tué se couvrent de sacs poubelle quand le pays de gens apprennent des scènes qu’on voit bloquant les autoroutes et les rues pour sur des gens de la classe moyenne blanche des gens à New York, Louisville le plus riche du monde manque d’E.P.I. ?! se dérouler dans les rues de Ferguson. réclamer justice. On se dresse sur les toits. devant l’entrée de leur propre maison et sans doute ailleurs. Le ministre Et puis.
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