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Annual Report 2012 Stewards of the Forest Research and Development Branch annual report 2012 stewards of the forest Research and Development Branch Forestry Tasmania is a REGISTERED RESEARCH This work is copyright. Apart from any use AGENCY (RRA) under the Commonwealth permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may Mission Industry Research and Development Act 1986, be reproduced by any process, or any other To provide research, development and for the purpose of performing contracted exclusive right exercised, without permission information services to support Forestry research and development (R&D) for eligible of Forestry Tasmania, 79 Melville Street, Hobart, Tasmania and clients companies claiming the 125% R&D tax Tasmania, Australia. Vision concession under Section 73B of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936. Research is carried Cover Photograph: Dave McElwee, research To be recognised for excellence in forest research out in the forestry, botanical, zoological, technician, completing a ‘LiDAR’ plot, designed and development horticultural, soil and water sciences. For more to confirm airborne remote sensing data with information, please refer to the Commonwealth on-ground assessment. Pictured above: Leigh Edwards, who retired Government Ausindustry Agency website at at end July 2012, after nearly 40 years of www.ausindustry.gov.au outstanding service to Forestry Tasmania, mostly within Research and Development. CONTENTS Forestry Tasmania Manager’s Report 4 Published Papers, Reports and Presentations GPO Box 207 Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Refereed Journals 42 Phone 1800 - FOREST Research Highlights Reports and Other Publications 42 www.forestrytas.com.au E. nitens plantation water use research 5 [email protected] Presentations 43 ABN 91 628769 359 Blue Gum Genomics - Accelerating the selection 7 Forest Tours and lunchtime talk series 45 ISSN 0818 4797 and development of thoroughbred plantation Published September 2012 trees Key Contacts 46 Alternative silviculture regimes for increasing 9 production of pruned logs from plantations Effectiveness of CAR reserves in maintaining 11 biodiversity in production forests Risk-based management of leaf beetles 13 Research Branch Reports Ecosystem Services 14 Productivity 26 Warra Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Site 36 Branch Services to External Clients Research Services 37 Laboratory Services 38 Collaborations and Linkages 39 PEFC/21-23-01 AFS/01-21-01 produced by the Corporate Relations & Tourism Branch of Forestry Tasmania 3 manager’s report Dr Mark Neyland, Manager [email protected] The last year has been a period of very rapid change in program. Provision of research services to external Research within the Forest Management Division Research and Development Branch. There has been a customers delivered significant income to FT. is centred on but not exclusive to Research and reduction in the number of people, as the Tasmanian Development. One of the consequences of being a Within the Productivity group, an FWPA-funded Community Forest Agreement program has concluded, smaller group of people than in the past is a greater hydrology project has been completed which has contracts have been completed and research projects focus within the Division on collaboration between shown that it is possible to manage for both water use have been finalised. A number of staff have also branches (R and D, Resources and Sustainability and wood production in the long term. Regimes have resigned to move onto other things. Following a review Planning, with Wood Planning being an honorary been developed for managing plantations to maximise of Forestry Tasmania’s research capacity by the Board member). One excellent example of this collaboration pruned log production and economic returns, and in February this year it was agreed, amongst other is the recently created role of inventory coordinator, positive improvements in tree growth and wood quality things, to restructure Division of Forest Research and whereby all inventory work across the Division is now are being achieved through the tree improvement Development into a smaller Research and Development being coordinated by one person to ensure the most program. As for the Ecosystem Services group, the Branch that is focused on improving forest productivity efficient use of resources. provision of research services to external customers and providing ecosystem services. This restructure is remains an important part of the Productivity group’s The year ahead will be an interesting one. The focus now complete; the new branch comprises two groups so work: the genetic development work in Yong’an of research is now very clearly on delivering value named: Productivity and Ecosystem Services. The Board Province in China in particular. to Forestry Tasmania. The Productivity group is also recommended that the biodiversity and hydrology focussed on improving wood quality and quantity programs be wound down, and that a high level carbon The Warra Long-Term Ecological Research Site from our plantations, whilst maintaining a smaller policy capacity be maintained. continued to support a very active research program but active role in native forests. Within Ecosystem and is now formally a Supersite under the Terrestrial Despite the diversions of restructures and difficult Services, the key priority for the forest health program Ecosystem Research Network. Progress was made in markets, the research group still performed strongly over is to better understand the crown dynamics of mid- establishing the flux tower at Warra, although delays the year. Within the Ecosystem Services group, a major rotation plantations with chronically thin crowns. in fabrication resulted in the tower erection being report for the Forest and Wood Products Australia (FWPA) The conservation program will focus on adopting put back to spring 2012. Encouragingly, other Warra on the effectiveness of the Comprehensive, Adequate the findings from the Comprehensive Adequate and partners have become more active at the site. This is and Representative (CAR) reserves system has been Representative reserves study; ensuring they inform the crucial if Warra is to continue to maintain its status as completed. This report broke new ground in landscape negotiations with Forest Practices Authority on coupe- one of the pre-eminent long-term research sites in level understanding of the way the biota responds to context; and ensuring the findings are accessible to the Australia, thus enabling us to attract investment from disturbance, and will inform future thinking about coupe public and other stakeholders. diverse sources. management. Significant refinements to the leaf beetle IPM delivered direct cost savings to the operational 4 research HIGHLIGHTS E. nitens plantation water use research Dr Sandra Roberts, Research Scientist, Hydrology [email protected] A method has been developed for simultaneously The Forest Estate Model already calculates basal In addition, the FEMWU produces schedules that assessing water use and wood production from area of plantations and native forests. It is easy to detail which coupes should be harvested and E. nitens plantations using FT’s Forest Estate Model. add rainfall information and potential evaporation thinned in which year in order to achieve the This allows the hydrological impact of proposed data, so when Equation 1 is included in the model management objectives. plantation management regimes to be assessed it simultaneously calculates plantation water use The FEMWU is unique in using a pre-existing model during the planning process. and wood production for an area of interest: plot, and good quality information on plantation size and coupe, compartment, catchment, or property. These The FWPA/TCFA project “Predicting the water use of growth to predict evapotranspiration over extended predictions can span long periods (e.g. 50 years) Eucalyptus nitens in Tasmania using a Forest Estate periods. It is unique in being able to generate a and take growth rates and harvesting and thinning Model” involved measurement of transpiration, schedule of harvest and thinning activity for an schedules into consideration. soil evaporation, canopy interception, rainfall and area of interest. The FEMWU will be valuable for basal area in a chronosequence of plantations in the As a case study, the Forest Estate Model with the demonstrating whether plantation development Florentine Valley and at a single site on the Tasman water use function built in (FEMWU) was used to is likely to significantly increase water use in the Peninsula. predict the water use and wood production of all of catchment and if it can be offset by harvesting and the E. nitens plantations (1532 ha) occurring in the thinning. Similar research could be undertaken A strong relationship was found between plantation Florentine Valley. Water use constraints can be added to develop the Forest Estate Model to predict the basal area and plantation water use (Figure 1). This to the FEMWU to determine the optimum way to water use of Native Forests or other plantation types led to the development of a water use function for harvest and regrow plantations to minimise changes (E. globulus, P. radiata). If the water use of other land E. nitens plantations (Equation 1). WU = water use in to water availability or to stay below a threshold. uses was also included this could ultimately result in mm/yr, BA = basal area in m2/ha, and R = rainfall in Figure 2 shows evapotranspiration, volume cut and a catchment management tool. mm/yr. Potential
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