Alternative Methods for Assessing Bronchodilator Reversibility In
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Correlation Between Tidal Volume Measured by Spirometry and Impedance Pneumography
New Jersey Institute of Technology Digital Commons @ NJIT Theses Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fall 10-31-1994 Correlation between tidal volume measured by spirometry and impedance pneumography Krithika Seshadri New Jersey Institute of Technology Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses Part of the Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons Recommended Citation Seshadri, Krithika, "Correlation between tidal volume measured by spirometry and impedance pneumography" (1994). Theses. 1696. https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/1696 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Digital Commons @ NJIT. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ NJIT. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright Warning & Restrictions The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a, user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use” that user may be liable for copyright infringement, This institution reserves the right to refuse to -
Peak Flow Measure: an Index of Respiratory Function?
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research www.ijhsr.org ISSN: 2249-9571 Original Research Article Peak Flow Measure: An Index of Respiratory Function? D. Devadiga, Aiswarya Liz Varghese, J. Bhat, P. Baliga, J. Pahwa Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kasturba Medical College (A Unit of Manipal University), Mangalore -575001 Corresponding Author: Aiswarya Liz Varghese Received: 06/12/2014 Revised: 26/12/2014 Accepted: 05/01/2015 ABSTRACT Aerodynamic analysis is interpreted as a reflection of the valving activity of the larynx. It involves measuring changes in air volume, flow and pressure which indicate respiratory function. These measures help in determining the important aspects of lung function. Peak expiratory flow rate is a widely used respiratory measure and is an effective measure of effort dependent airflow. Aim: The aim of the current study was to study the peak flow as an aerodynamic measure in healthy normal individuals Method: The study group was divided into two groups with n= 60(30 males and 30 females) in the age range of 18-22 years. The peak flow was measured using Aerophone II (Voice Function Analyser). The anthropometric measurements such as height, weight and Body Mass Index was calculated for all the participants. Results: The peak airflow was higher in females as compared to that of males. It was also observed that the peak air flow rate was correlating well with height and weight in males. Conclusions: Speech language pathologist should consider peak expiratory airflow, a short sharp exhalation rate as a part of routine aerodynamic evaluation which is easier as compared to the otherwise commonly used measure, the vital capacity. -
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation in Children with Severe Status Asthmaticus*
Feature Articles Pressure-controlled ventilation in children with severe status asthmaticus* Ashok P. Sarnaik, MD, FAAP, FCCM; Kshama M. Daphtary, MD; Kathleen L. Meert, MD, FAAP; Mary W. Lieh-Lai, MD, FAAP; Sabrina M. Heidemann, MD, FAAP Objective: The optimum strategy for mechanical ventilation in trolled ventilation, median pH increased to 7.31 (6.98–7.45, p < a child with status asthmaticus is not established. Volume-con- .005), and PCO2 decreased to 41 torr (21–118 torr, p < .005). For trolled ventilation continues to be the traditional approach in such patients with respiratory acidosis (PCO2 >45 torr) within 1 hr of children. Pressure-controlled ventilation may be theoretically starting pressure-controlled ventilation, the median length of time more advantageous in allowing for more uniform ventilation. We until PCO2 decreased to <45 torr was 5 hrs (1–51 hrs). Oxygen describe our experience with pressure-controlled ventilation in saturation was maintained >95% in all patients. Two patients had children with severe respiratory failure from status asthmaticus. pneumomediastinum before pressure-controlled ventilation. One Design: Retrospective review. patient each developed pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphy- Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit in a university-affiliated sema after initiation of pressure-controlled ventilation. All pa- children’s hospital. tients survived without any neurologic morbidity. Median duration Patients: All patients who received mechanical ventilation for of mechanical ventilation was 29 hrs (4–107 hrs), intensive care status asthmaticus. stay was 56 hrs (17–183 hrs), and hospitalization was 5 days Interventions: Pressure-controlled ventilation was used as the (2–20 days). initial ventilatory strategy. The optimum pressure control, rate, Conclusions: Based on this retrospective study, we suggest and inspiratory and expiratory time were determined based on that pressure-controlled ventilation is an effective ventilatory blood gas values, flow waveform, and exhaled tidal volume. -
Spirometry Basics
SPIROMETRY BASICS ROSEMARY STINSON MSN, CRNP THE CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL OF PHILADELPHIA DIVISION OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY PORTABLE COMPUTERIZED SPIROMETRY WITH BUILT IN INCENTIVES WHAT IS SPIROMETRY? Use to obtain objective measures of lung function Physiological test that measures how an individual inhales or exhales volume of air Primary signal measured–volume or flow Essentially measures airflow into and out of the lungs Invaluable screening tool for respiratory health compared to BP screening CV health Gold standard for diagnosing and measuring airway obstruction. ATS, 2005 SPIROMETRY AND ASTHMA At initial assessment After treatment initiated and symptoms and PEF have stabilized During periods of progressive or prolonged asthma control At least every 1-2 years: more frequently depending on response to therapy WHY NECESSARY? o To evaluate symptoms, signs or abnormal laboratory tests o To measure the effect of disease on pulmonary function o To screen individuals at risk of having pulmonary disease o To assess pre-operative risk o To assess prognosis o To assess health status before beginning strenuous physical activity programs ATS, 2005 SPIROMETRY VERSUS PEAK FLOW Recommended over peak flow meter measurements in clinician’s office. Variability in predicted PEF reference values. Many different brands PEF meters. Peak Flow is NOT a diagnostic tool. Helpful for monitoring control. EPR 3, 2007 WHY MEASURE? o Some patients are “poor perceivers.” o Perception of obstruction variable and spirometry reveals obstruction more severe. o Family members “underestimate” severity of symptoms. o Objective assessment of degree of airflow obstruction. o Pulmonary function measures don’t always correlate with symptoms. o Comprehensive assessment of asthma. -
BSL Lesson 13
Physiology Lessons Lesson 13 for use with the PULMONARY FUNCTION II Biopac Student Lab Pulmonary Flow Rates Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1,2,3) PC under Windows 95/98/NT 4.0/2000 Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) or Macintosh Manual Revision 12132000.PL3.6.6-ML3.0.7 Number of cycles in 12 second interval Average Volume Richard Pflanzer, Ph.D. per cycle Associate Professor Indiana University School of Medicine Purdue University School of Science J.C. Uyehara, Ph.D. Biologist Number of cycles/minute = Number of cycles in 12 second interval X 5 MVV = (Average volume per cycle) X (Number of cycles per minute) BIOPAC Systems, Inc. William McMullen Vice President BIOPAC Systems, Inc. BIOPAC Systems, Inc. 42 Aero Camino, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 (805) 685-0066, Fax (805) 685-0067 Email: [email protected] Web Site: http://www.biopac.com Page 2 Lesson 13: Pulmonary Function II Biopac Student Lab V3.0 I. INTRODUCTION The respiratory or pulmonary system performs the important functions of supplying oxygen (O2) during inhalation, removing carbon dioxide (CO2) during exhalation, and adjusting the acid-base balance (pH) of the body by removing acid-forming CO2. Because oxygen is necessary for cellular metabolism, the amount of air that the pulmonary system provides is important in setting the upper limits on work capacities or metabolism. Therefore, the measurement of lung volumes and the rate of air movement (airflow) are important tools in assessing the health and capacities of a person. In this lesson, you will measure: Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), which is the maximal amount of air that a person can forcibly exhale after a maximal inhalation. -
Restrictive Lung Disease
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article/48/5/455/4638136 by guest on 29 September 2021 RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE WARREN M. GOLD, M.D. RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE is a These disorders can be divided into two pattern of abnormal lung function defined by groups: extrapulmonary and pulmonary. a decrease in lung volume (Fig. I).1,2 The In extrapulmonary restriction, an abnormal total lung capacity is decreased and, in severe increase in the stiffness of the chest wall (kypho restrictive defects, all of the subdivisions of the scoliosis) restricts the lung volumes, as does total lung capacity including vital capacity, respiratory muscle weakness (poliomyelitis or functional residual capacity, and residual vol muscular dystrophy). These extrapulmonary ume are decreased. In mild or moderately se causes of pulmonary restriction are treated vere restrictive defects, the residual volume may be normal or slightly increased. CLINICAL DISORDERS CAUSING TABLE 1 RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE CAUSES OF RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE Restrictive lung disease is not a specific clin I. Extrapulmonary restriction 3 ical entity, but only one of several patterns of A. Chest wall stiffness (kyphoscoliosis) B. Respiratory-muscle weakness (muscular dystrophy)4 abnormal lung function. It is produced by a C. Pleural disease (pneumothorax)5 number of clinical disorders (see Table 1). II. Pulmonary restriction A. Surgical resection (pneumonectomy)6.7 Dr. Gold: Director, Pulmonary Laboratory and Re B. Tumor (bronchogenic carcinoma or metastatic tumor)8 search Associate in Cardiology (Pulmonary Physiology), C. Heart disease (hypertensive, arteriosclerotic, rheu Children's Hospital Medical Center; Associate in Pedi matic, congenital)9 atrics and Tutor in Medical Science, Harvard Medical 10 11 School, Boston, Massachusetts. -
Standardisation of Spirometry
Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 319–338 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.05.00034805 CopyrightßERS Journals Ltd 2005 SERIES ‘‘ATS/ERS TASK FORCE: STANDARDISATION OF LUNG FUNCTION TESTING’’ Edited by V. Brusasco, R. Crapo and G. Viegi Number 2 in this Series Standardisation of spirometry M.R. Miller, J. Hankinson, V. Brusasco, F. Burgos, R. Casaburi, A. Coates, R. Crapo, P. Enright, C.P.M. van der Grinten, P. Gustafsson, R. Jensen, D.C. Johnson, N. MacIntyre, R. McKay, D. Navajas, O.F. Pedersen, R. Pellegrino, G. Viegi and J. Wanger CONTENTS AFFILIATIONS Background ............................................................... 320 For affiliations, please see Acknowledgements section FEV1 and FVC manoeuvre .................................................... 321 Definitions . 321 CORRESPONDENCE Equipment . 321 V. Brusasco Requirements . 321 Internal Medicine University of Genoa Display . 321 V.le Benedetto XV, 6 Validation . 322 I-16132 Genova Quality control . 322 Italy Quality control for volume-measuring devices . 322 Fax: 39 103537690 E-mail: [email protected] Quality control for flow-measuring devices . 323 Test procedure . 323 Received: Within-manoeuvre evaluation . 324 March 23 2005 Start of test criteria. 324 Accepted after revision: April 05 2005 End of test criteria . 324 Additional criteria . 324 Summary of acceptable blow criteria . 325 Between-manoeuvre evaluation . 325 Manoeuvre repeatability . 325 Maximum number of manoeuvres . 326 Test result selection . 326 Other derived indices . 326 FEVt .................................................................. 326 Standardisation of FEV1 for expired volume, FEV1/FVC and FEV1/VC.................... 326 FEF25–75% .............................................................. 326 PEF.................................................................. 326 Maximal expiratory flow–volume loops . 326 Definitions. 326 Equipment . 327 Test procedure . 327 Within- and between-manoeuvre evaluation . 327 Flow–volume loop examples. 327 Reversibility testing . 327 Method . -
Lung Volume Kit Be-Lungkit
LUNG VOLUME KIT BE-LUNGKIT Lung Volume is a broad term that actually refers to several different respiratory measurements: Tidal Volume - volume of air that is exhaled when breathing out normally. Expiratory Reserve - volume of air that that can still be exhaled after having breathed out normally. Inspiratory Reserve - additional volume of air that is available for strenuous activity. This is the volume of air that can still enter your lungs after taking a normal breath. Vital Capacity - total useable volume of air. Residual Volume - unusable volume of air. (Residual volume cannot be measured with this kit.) Assembly You can measure the lung volumes of an individual using this kit. To assemble it, please follow these instructions: 1. Insert the mouthpiece halfway through the opening of the volume bag. Secure the mouthpiece with the rubber bands. 2. While sitting, hold the bag on your knee and press a paper towel against it to force the air out of the bag. Start with the sealed end and push the air out toward the mouthpiece. Measure Tidal Volume 1. Wipe the mouthpiece with a cotton ball dipped in alcohol to clean it. 2. Take a normal breath in, hold your nose and take a normal breath out into the lung volume bag mouthpiece. Slide a paper towel along the bag to push all the air to the lower end and measure the volume of air it contains. (The bag has liter and 1/10 liter graduations.) Record this as tidal volume. 3. Remove all the air from the lung volume bag by sliding the paper towel along its length. -