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©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania #_ Helsinki (FINLAND) p181 Estonia p50 Latvia p193 Lithuania p288 Kaliningrad #^ (RUSSIA) p406 Anna Kaminski, Hugh McNaughtan, Ryan Ver Berkmoes PLAN YOUR TRIP ON THE ROAD Welcome to Estonia, ESTONIA . 50 The Southwest . 128 Latvia & Lithuania . 4 Tallinn . 51 Western Estonia Estonia, Latvia & the Islands . 141 Around Tallinn . 87 & Lithuania Map . 6 Haapsalu . 141 Keila-Joa . 87 Estonia, Latvia & Muhu . 146 Padise . 87 Lithuania’s Top 17 . 8 Saaremaa . 148 Kaberneeme . 88 Need to Know . 18 Hiiumaa . 158 Northern Estonia . 88 What’s New . 20 Vormsi . 165 Lahemaa If You Like… . 22 National Park . 88 Understand Estonia . 166 Month by Month . 25 Rakvere . 96 Survival Guide . 178 Itineraries . 30 Ontika Nature Reserve . 99 HELSINKI Road Trips . 34 Narva . 99 EXCURSION . .181 Outdoor Activities . 37 Narva-Jõesuu . 101 Sights . 183 Family Travel . 44 Southern Estonia . 101 Activities . 187 Regions at a Glance . .. 47 The Southeast . 102 SARAH COGHILL/LONELY PLANET © PLANET COGHILL/LONELY SARAH © PLANET MUNRO/LONELY MATT BARTENDER AT LABIETIS (P223), RĪGA, LATVIA SCULPTOR: VYTAUTAS KAŠUBA DKORWOOD/BUDGET TRAVEL © © TRAVEL DKORWOOD/BUDGET KAŠUBA VYTAUTAS SCULPTOR: STATUE OF GEDIMINAS OLD TOWN (P55), (P293), VILNIUS, LITHUANIA TALLINN, ESTONIA Contents Tours . 187 Around Daugavpils . 273 KALININGRAD Festivals & Events . 188 Rēzekne . 275 EXCURSION . 406 Sleeping . 188 Around Rēzekne . 276 Sights & Activities . 408 Eating . 188 Understand Latvia . 278 Sleeping . .. 409 Drinking & Nightlife . 190 Survival Guide . 285 Eating . 411 Entertainment . 190 Drinking & Shopping . 190 LITHUANIA . 288 Nightlife . 412 Understand Vilnius . 289 Entertainment . 413 Helsinki . 191 Around Vilnius . 320 Understand Survival Guide . .191 Trakai . 320 Kaliningrad . 413 Kernavė . 323 Survival Guide . 414 LATVIA . 193 Europos Parkas Sculpture Park . 326 Rīga . 196 SURVIVAL Eastern & Southern Around Rīga . 227 Lithuania . 327 GUIDE Jūrmala . 227 Aukštaitija Ķemeri . 232 National Park . 328 Directory A–Z . 416 Western Latvia Visaginas & Transport . 424 (Kurzeme) . 233 Ignalina Nuclear Language . 433 Power Station . 331 Kurzeme Gulf Coast . .. 235 Index . 442 Labanoras Cape Kolka Map Legend . 455 (Kolkasrags) . 235 Regional Park . 332 Northern Baltic Coast . 238 Druskininkai . 332 Ventspils . 239 Dzūkija National Park . 336 Pāvilosta . 241 Central Lithuania . 338 Liepāja . 242 Kaunas . 338 Kuldīga . 246 Kėdainiai . 352 Alsunga . 249 Birštonas . 354 Sabile . 250 Šiauliai . 355 Southern Biržai . 359 Latvia (Zemgale) . 250 Anykščiai . 360 Bauska . 251 Western Lithuania . 362 Rundāle Palace . .. 252 Klaipėda . .. 362 Dobele . 253 Curonian Spit Around Dobele . 253 National Park . 372 Daugava River Valley . 254 Nemunas Delta . .. 382 Northeastern Palanga . 384 SPECIAL Latvia (Vidzeme) . 255 Around Palanga . 389 FEATURES Vidzeme Coast . 255 Žemaitija Road Trips . 34 Gauja National Park . .. 258 National Park . 389 Southeastern Understand Outdoor Activities . 37 Latvia (Latgale) . 270 Lithuania . 391 Family Travel . 44 Daugavpils . .. 270 Survival Guide . 402 ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 30 Itineraries TALLINN #_ É #÷ Lahemaa National Park É ESTONIA •# Tartu GOTLAND É •# RUSSIA Sigulda Cēsis É •# RĪGA #_ LATVIA •# Rundāle É LITHUANIA •# Hill of Crosses Curonian Spit •# É É •# Kaunas RUSSIA #_ VILNIUS BELARUS P O L A N D 2 WEEKS Best of the Baltic If you’ve got limited time but you’re keen on seeing the best that each of the Baltic States has to offer, this itinerary captures many of the big-ticket destinations. Begin your tour in Tallinn and roam the magnificent medieval streets of the Estoni- an capital’s Old Town. Delve into the city’s treasure trove of gastronomic delights before trekking out to Lahemaa National Park. The electric university town of Tartu awaits; then skip south into Latvia to take in the crumbling castles of Cēsis and Sigulda in Gauja National Park. Spend the night at one of the posh manor houses (muižas) nearby, then plough through to reach Rīga, home to a dizzying array of decorated facades. Next, head south to Rundāle to visit the opulent palace – the Baltic’s version of Versailles – built by the architect responsible for St Petersburg’s Winter Palace. From Rundāle, hop the border into Lithuania and stop for a poignant look at the Hill of Crosses in Šiauliai before shooting west to Curonian Spit. Spend some time amid the traditional cottages, shifting sand dunes and endless pine forest before a stopover in lively Kaunas and end- ing your trip in flamboyant, baroque Vilnius. 31 Helsinki Lahemaa É National Park D #_ #÷ •#Rakvere É É TALLINN É Hiiumaa •# •# Haapsalu ESTONIA É •# Mustvee•# Saaremaa•# Muhu É •#Pärnu •# Tartu PLAN YOUR TRIP Cape É GOTLAND •#Kolka É Ventspils•# É •# Valga/ É Cēsis Valka •# Kuldīga •# Gauja RUSSIA É É •##÷ •# National Park Pāvilosta•# Jūrmala #_• Sigulda Liepāja•# RĪGA LATVIA É IT Palanga Žemaitija •# #÷ National Park I Klaipėda •# NERAR É LITHUANIA Curonian Spit •# É Aukštaitija National Park •#Visaginas I #÷ ES É É RUSSIA #_ BELARUS Traai •# Castle VILNIUS P O L A N D 4 WEEKS The Grand Tour With a month, you can roster in beach time, hiking excursions and visits to the region’s little towns – and even fit in a side trip to Helsinki. Start in Lithuania’s beautiful capital Vilnius, spending two days wandering the cobblestone streets, checking out Gediminas Hill and taking in the city’s historical charms. If nuclear tourism is your bag, do a day trip to Visaginas and the Ignalina nuclear power station, then spend a day or two cycling and paddling in Aukštaitija National Park. Visit Trakai Castle before heading west towards the sea. Stop at Žemaitija National Park for a quick lesson in Soviet missile tactics, before relaxing along the dune-filled shores of Curonian Spit. Follow the Baltic Sea up through the port city of Klaipėda and family-friendly Palanga resort to reach the Latvian border. Over the border is Liepāja, famous for its gilded cathedral and hulking Soviet tene- ments. Weather permitting, head north to surfside Pāvilosta before detouring inland to the picturesque village of Kuldīga. Continue to the lovely long sands of Ventspils, stay- ing overnight before hitting windy and wild Cape Kolka. Follow the coast as it snakes past forests and quiet villages to the spa retreat of Jūrmala – a hotspot for Russian tycoons and an excellent pit stop. From here Rīga is only a short hop. After two days in the Latvian capital, cross into Estonia to sunbathe in Pärnu. Move west to hop between the forested islands of Muhu, Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. Stop for lunch and a castle visit in Haapsalu before continuing to Tallinn. Allow at least three days to take in the Estonian capital’s treasures before ferrying over to Helsinki for a night. Back in Estonia, stop overnight in Lahemaa National Park before heading through spa-heavy Rakvere and Mustvee, on the shores of Lake Peipsi, to Tartu for a night or two. Check out the oddball border town of Valga/Valka, and stop in the charming Latvian town of Cēsis to wander among the fortress ruins. Sample Gauja National Park, and in Sigulda go bobsledding and bungee jumping. End your Baltic odyssey in Rīga or return to Vilnius. 32 TALLINN #_ É #÷ Lahemaa National Park ESTONIA ESTONIA PLAN YOUR TRIP Cape É Kolka •# Ventspils •# É •# É Cēsis •# RĪGA É Līgatne •#Sigulda •# É Kuldīga •# •# #_ Sigulda Jurmala •# #_ Jūrmala RĪGA É É LATVIA LATVIA •# •# Liepāja Rundāle Lake IT É Rāzna •# I Latgale NERAR É •# É LITHUANIA Daugavpils LITHUANIA I ES RUSSIA RUSSIA VILNIUS #_ Trakai •# BELARUS BELARUS POLAND POLAND 1 10 WEEK Absolute Latvia DAYS Capital Drop-In A full week in Latvia offers time to explore Ten days in the Baltic is just the right a good number of the nation’s treasures amount of time to get a feel for each of beyond the attention-stealing capital. the region’s capitals. After exploring Rīga, visit the forests Start in Vilnius, Lithuania’s capital, and imposing castle near Sigulda before exploring the sumptuous baroque archi- moving on to the secret Soviet bunker at tecture amid the curving cobbled streets. Līgatne and the stone fortress of Cēsis. Take two or three days to snap photos of Swing through to Lake Rāzna in the Gediminas Hill, savour the dining scene peaceful Latgale Lakelands, then stay the and absorb the rich Jewish history. night in arty . Walk the his- Daugavpils Make a side trip to the picturesque toric centre and see how the city honours castle at Trakai before visiting Rīga, native son Mark Rothko. Latvia’s capital and the Baltic’s largest city. Loop back to Rundāle to take in the Haggle for huckleberries at the Central opulence of the palace before blasting on Market and crane your neck to savour the to the coast at Liepāja, home to Latvia’s soaring art nouveau architecture. When garage-band scene, a lively music festival it comes to day trips, you’ll be spoilt for and the strikingly dour Karosta district. choice. Try cavorting with the Russian Detour inland to Kuldīga, one of the elite in Jūrmala, Latvia’s spa centre; or country’s quaintest towns, then stop over- cranking up the adrenaline in Sigulda, night in beachy Ventspils. Then it’s on to with its clutch of adventure sports. Next Cape Kolka, where the Gulf of Rīga meets it’s on to Estonia’s capital, Tallinn, where the Baltic Sea in dramatic fashion. you’ll be treated to a fairy-tale kingdom of medieval architecture, cobbled streets and Follow the coastline through the con- centuries-old fortifications. Sample the stellation of lonely seaside
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    AINAVU ARHITEKTŪRA UN PLĀNOŠANA 20 GADI 20 YEARS OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING AINAVU ARHITEKTŪRA UN PLĀNOŠANA 20 GADI 20 YEARS OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Jelgava 2015 AINAVU ARHITEKTŪRA UN PLĀNOŠANA 20 GADI 20 YEARS OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Fotogrāfijas no fakultātes, katedras un rakstu autoru personīgiem arhīviem Izdevumu sastādīja: Natalija Ņitavska, Madara Markova www.llu.lv Drukāts SIA „Talsu tipogrāfija” ISBN 978-9984-48-184-5 Elektr.: ISBN 978-9984-48-185-2 Jelgava 2015 Ievads/ Introduction Līdz ar 20 gadu atzīmes sasniegšanu Latvijas By celebrating the reach of 20 years Landscape Lauksaimniecības universitātes Ainavu arhitektūras Architecture Specialty of Latvia University of Agriculture specialitāte ir ieguvusi jaunas mājas Valdekas pilī. Šobrīd has acquired new home in Valdekas Castle. Currently, we varam droši teikt, ka beidzot esam tā pa īstam ieskrējušies may say for sure that finally we are taking a run and being un gatavi jauniem izaicinājumiem. Ainavu arhitektūras ready for new challenges. Landscape Architecture specialitāte pēc studējošo skaita šobrīd ir otrā lielākā Specialty according to number of students is second Lauku inženieru fakultātē pēc Būvniecības specialitātes. largest in the Faculty of Rural Engineering right after Liels nopelns te ir vienmēr aktīvajiem pasniedzējiem, kas Building. Great merit for that goes to always active ir patiesi savas jomas patrioti. Jāsaka, ka arī mūsu studenti professors that are true patriots of their profession. Also it un absolventi vienmēr gatavi īstenot visdrosmīgākās must be said that our students and graduates are always idejas. Aizvien vairāk izejam starptautiskajā telpā. ready to implement the craziest ideas. Increasingly we are ERASMUS+ programmas un BOVA (Baltijas going out into international environment.
  • Organized Excursions

    Organized Excursions

    TOURS ORGANIZED BY “Con-Ex Latvia Tours group”: RIGA EXCURSION BY FOOT / 2 HOURS Old Town Walking Tour with Highlights Founded in 1201 on the banks of the river Daugava. The guests will be taken on a walking tour to some of the numerous attractions and sight in the beautiful Old Town of Riga. The guests will have the chance to get acquainted with famous architectural monuments like the 13th centu- ry St. Peter’s Church, St. George’s Church, St. John’s Church, part of the restored city wall and the medieval John’s yard. The tour will take the guests to the heart of Old Riga – the Dome Square and the Dome Cathedral with the famous 19th century Dome organ, one of the biggest organs in Europe. Furthermore, the guests will be taken to see the medieval dwelling houses “Three Brothers” and the Riga Castle. Both days booked English speaking 19.09. 20.09. guide: Mrs. Daina Balode Monday Tuesday 10:00-12:00 10:00-12:00 EUR 9,- /from person Tour is offered, when minimum 8 persons has applied. Rate for: 8-10 persons group Rate includes: English speaking guide. Entrance fees in museums are not included. Rate for a group of more than 8-10 persons will be offered upon request. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGULDA EXCURSION / 6 HOURS The tour starts by bus from Riga and along the main street takes you a small resort town located 52 km from Riga in a hilly region on the picturesque Gauja River. While driving you will be able to enjoy the evergreen pine trees forest spreading on both sides of the road.
  • Estonian Academy of Sciences Yearbook 2014 XX

    Estonian Academy of Sciences Yearbook 2014 XX

    Facta non solum verba ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES YEAR BOOK ANNALES ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM ESTONICAE XX (47) 2014 TALLINN 2015 ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES The Year Book was compiled by: Margus Lopp (editor-in-chief) Galina Varlamova Ülle Rebo, Ants Pihlak (translators) ISSN 1406-1503 © EESTI TEADUSTE AKADEEMIA CONTENTS Foreword . 5 Chronicle . 7 Membership of the Academy . 13 General Assembly, Board, Divisions, Councils, Committees . 17 Academy Events . 42 Popularisation of Science . 48 Academy Medals, Awards . 53 Publications of the Academy . 57 International Scientific Relations . 58 National Awards to Members of the Academy . 63 Anniversaries . 65 Members of the Academy . 94 Estonian Academy Publishers . 107 Under and Tuglas Literature Centre of the Estonian Academy of Sciences . 111 Institute for Advanced Study at the Estonian Academy of Sciences . 120 Financial Activities . 122 Associated Institutions . 123 Associated Organisations . 153 In memoriam . 200 Appendix 1 Estonian Contact Points for International Science Organisations . 202 Appendix 2 Cooperation Agreements with Partner Organisations . 205 Directory . 206 3 FOREWORD The Estonian science and the Academy of Sciences have experienced hard times and bearable times. During about the quarter of the century that has elapsed after regaining independence, our scientific landscape has changed radically. The lion’s share of research work is integrated with providing university education. The targets for the following seven years were defined at the very start of the year, in the document adopted by Riigikogu (Parliament) on January 22, 2014 and entitled “Estonian research and development and innovation strategy 2014- 2020. Knowledge-based Estonia”. It starts with the acknowledgement familiar to all of us that the number and complexity of challenges faced by the society is ever increasing.