Board of Managers of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers for 1875
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44TH CONGRESS, I HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Miis. Doo. 1st Session. ) No. 147. ANNUAL RIEPORTl' OF TIlE BOARD OF MANAGERS OF THE NATIONAL HOME FOR DISABLED VOLUNTEER SOLDIERS FOR 1875. MAI.iicI 21, 1876.-Ordered to be printed. 'To the Senate a1nd House of cRepresentatives: In accordance with the provisions of section 8 of the act approved March 21, 1866, which provides that, " the board of managers shall make an annual report of tihe condition of the asylum (Ilome) to Congress on the first Monday of every January after the passage of this act," I have the honor to submit the following report, in which great pains has been taken to show the exact "cl(ndition"l an(d working of the National Homen for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers for the year ending December 31, 1875. Under the terms of that act the fiscal and return quarters in whiich accounts were made ulp were the last days of Fel)ruary, May, August land November of eaclh ye'r; but thle act of Conlgress of Malrc1l 3, 1875, providing that "( the managers of said Home slall, at tlie commencement of each quarter of tioe year, render to tlhe Secretary of War anl account of all their receipts aind e.xlen(litures for the quarter immediately pre- cedinig, with the vouchers for such exCpenllitures,," made it necessary, for the orderly transaction of tile business in tlme 'War and Treasury Depart- ments, that the quarters should be changed to correspond witli tlhe quarters of tlhe fiscal year of the Governlment, land that change was made by the order of the board at their meeting in December, andI the accounts and reports of the officers of the several )branches were required to be ]mad(e ull) to January 1, 1876; and in accordance wiitlh a further resolution of the board the accounts of thle Iolme (luring tle several quarters beginning on the 1st (lay of March, 1875, and pl) to tie 1st (lay of Janu- ary, 1876, have been duly examined and vouched, and forwarled to the Secretary of War. 'This change has made a delay in this report neces- sary in order that the requisite data might lbe obtained. All the details, accompanied by tables anld exhil)its, necessary to a full understanding of tle " condition" of the oime will be found in the elaborate land exhaustive reports for tlie years 1874 and 1875, of time Hon. Lewis B. Gunckel, a member amnd secretary of the board of managers, hereto ap)pended and maide a part of this report. An examination of tlhe rel)ot of tle sec'reta:1 will show\ that it con- tains quite every fialt, circumstance, and table of calculations necessary for the complete understanding of' the condition, management and work- ilngs of tile Home, whether as regards tile several braillhes or the insti- tutiioii n a n enltirety ; anti a careful examination of it is strongly ilm pressed uponl Colngress to guide it in tile supervision, care and provision which ConIgress lils very I)p'oerly tlakeli ul)pon itself for tlic su)l)port of tlie disabled volulnteer soldiers of tile late war, and those of tile Mexi- ca(1 war andl ttlie war of 1812, so that there is scarcely anything left for tle board of mallfagers to add, save some general collsideratiolls, which we hope will lead to a milore careful consideration of' those details. 2 NATIONAL HOME FOR DISABLED VOLUNTEER SOLDIERS. 'TlE NU.IMBEl OF BENEFICI.AIES IN THE hIIOME. The whole numl)er cared for in the several branches of the Home during tile past year is (6,651, a larger number of disabled soldiers than are cared for by the governmental expendifulre of any other nation in the world, being a11 increase in five years of more than 50 per cent. In addition to that number there have been aided about 100 others with "out-door relief," some teml)orarily and some permanently. By the tenth section of tle act founding the institution, authority is given the managers to '"iaid persons who are entitled to its benefits by ouit-door relief, in such manner and to such extent as they may deeni proper, provided such relief shall not exceed the average cost of miain- taining an inmate of tle asylum." In executing this authority the board early determined that this l)rovision ought not to be extended to those who could be brought into the hIome, or to those the expenses of whose transportation would probably greatly exceed the relief to be extended-; and after the closing of the State institutions, to which, in the earlier (lays of our organization, relief was extended to a considerable number iof soldiers, beneficiaries thereof, the number has been constantly dimin- shed until it has become a very small fraction of those to whom relief in the Homnes is give. It will readily be seen tiht an indiscriminate giving of' lout-door relief" to the extent of tlhe cost of maintaining a soldier in the Home would be in many cases siml)ly adding so much to the pien- sion of the soldier, without any knowledge of how or in what mInner tie sums given were expended, an11d also without any knowledge of the fact whether his disability continued to exist, so that great abuses might creep in ; and beside, such relief would deprive tlie managers of the Home wholly of any control of the pension of the applicant which was contemn- plated by tlhe act in certain cases should go to his wife or dependent fain- ily. It was therefore determined by the board that a sum not exceeding $10 per month should be given only to those who could not, because of the nature of their disease or wounds, be transported to the Hlome, or whose applications were so late that the probability of impending death was so great or so near as to render it useless and dangerous to trans- port the aplllicant to either of the branches of the Home. This will ac- count for the small number of cases of " outt door relief." ADMISSIONS AND RE-ADMISSIONS. By section fourth of said act " all persons serving in the Army of the United States at any time inl the war of the rebellion, not provided for by existing laws, who have been or may hereafter be disqualified for procuring their own maintenance and support by reason of wounds received or sickness contracted while in the line of their duty during the present rebellioll, are entitled to the benefits of the Home." The excel)tion ' not provided for by existing law," taken in connection with tlie title of the act, " for the relict of totally disabled officers and men of the volunteer service of tile United States," lias been construed by the board of Imanaigers to include those soldiers of tile Regular Army who are providedd for by tile estal)lislhment of the Soldiers' IIome of the ]Regular Army at Washington. To tle beneficiaries of the National Iome havee been added( all thie soldiers of the Mexican war and tile war of 18112, by subsequent acts of Congress. Under these several acts two questions have arisen: First, were a.yhportion of the seamen of the .Navy entitled to the benefits of tile Ilome; and, second, whether *any solicers of tile regular Army were entitled to the benefits of the NATIONAL HIOME FOR DISABLED VOLUNTEER SOLDIERS. 3 Home These questions became important, although the Navy and the Regular Army did not seem to have been provi(led for ill the act, because there were many soldiers who had enlisted in the volunteer service, received wounds, or contracted disease, the result of which is their present disability to support themselves, and who afterward enlisted and served ill the Regular Army during the rebellion. And in such cases it seemed to tile board of managers that a soldier having been a volunteer soilier, and in the line of duty having received injury during the war of the rebellion, he was entitled to the benefits of the Home, whether lie had afterward or before been a sollier of the Regular Army. Owing to tle great bounties given in the latter part of tile war for the services of sol(liers alnd tle great increase of the demand for sea- men, under tile orders of tile President of tie United States, drafts were made from tihe Armyn of those who had previously been brought up seamen, to be turned over to serve in the fleets of the United States. Ih such cases the board of managers have assumed( that such a volun- teer soldier receiving his disability even while in tile Navy, was entitled to the benefits of tile Home. Blut the number of such cases of course is very small, tile total number of those serving in the Regular Army being 266, and in tile Navy 82, or only about 5 per cent. of the whole. Admission can be lrocured by tile application of any disabled soldier at either of tile branches of tlhe Home or to either member of the board of managers, but only upon the order of a manager, upon evidence fur- nished of all honorable discharge of the applicant and satisfactory evi- denlce that tile applicant is disabled by wounds or disease contracted in the line of duty, in the case of disabled soldiers of the rebellion; but we have not applied that rule ill the case of soldiers of the Mexi- can war or the soldiers of the war of 1812, because the act of Congress in their behalf would seem to intend that they should be received because of their great age; cand the rule requiring them to allow that they received wounds or contracted disease in the line of duty, after the lapse of time since those wars, would be a rule, not of admission, but of exclusion.