Socio Economic Profile\Chapter 2.Doc
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Page:7 CCHHAAPPTTEERR -- 22 SSSoooccciiiooo EEEcccooonnnooommmiiiccc PPPrrrooofffiiillleee Page:8 CHAPTER 2 : SOCIO – ECONOMIC PROFILE OF EAST KAMENG DISTRICT 2.1 Introduction. Arunachal Pradesh has the largest geographical area of 83743.00 Sq. Km but has the least population density of 8 per Sq. Km in the Northern Eastern Region of the country. It is a road deficient state, with a road density of 18 Km/100 Sq. Km, which compares poorly with the national average of 84 Km/100 Sq. Km and North East average of 60 Km/100 Sq. Km. The present road corridor lies in the district of East Kameng, which has a total area of 4134 sq.mtrs. Seppa is the district headquarters, located at an altitude of 263 metres above mean sea level. There are 13 (Thirteen) administrative circles namely Seijosa, Pakke-Kessang, Pijirang, Seppa, Pipu-Dipu, Bameng, Lada, Khenewa, Sawa, Chayangtajo, Dissing Passo, Richikorong and Guave Purang. Except for Seppa, Khenewa, Seijosa, Pakke Kessang, Chayangtajo, Pijirang & Bameng which are connected by fair weathered road, the other circles are yet to be connected by road. The district has 310 nos. of villages. East Kameng district has a population of 71048 as per census of 2003 statistical data. Out of this population the district have the indigenous population of 29652 male and 30577 female, totaling 60129 Nos. The circle wise population of the district are stated as under:- Sl.No Name of Circle Total population Tribal Population Remarks Male Female Male Female 1 Seijosa 2744 2475 1724 1552 2 Pakke-Kessang 2787 2810 2438 2627 3 Richikrong 1189 1138 1080 1073 4 Seppa 12310 11997 9526 10125 5 Seppa Town 7910 7092 5306 5338 6 Lada 1011 920 1001 920 7 Bameng 2302 2282 2238 2263 8 Pipu-Dipu 1876 1939 1846 1909 9 Khenewa 1366 1363 1338 1348 10 Chayangtajo 1988 2201 1929 2173 11 Sawa 1234 1252 1226 1249 Total Nos. 36717 34331 29652 30577 Page:9 The district is inhabitated by the indigenous scheduled tribe of Nyishis, Akas, Mijis & Puroiks (Sullung). Kameng is the major river flowing through the district, with major tributaries like Pachi, Pacha, Bichom, Dibru, Pakke etc. The nearest rail head is Bhalukpong, which is 148 Km from Seppa, and the nearest airport is Tezpur, at a distance of 208 Km from Seppa. The district is bounded by China to the north, West Kameng district in the West, Assam in the South and Papum Pare district in the East. 2.2 Economy 2.2.1 Agriculture Agriculture is the back bone of the economy of every society. So it is with the East Kameng District. The predominant character of Agriculture in the District is the practice of “Jhuming” . However efforts have been made over the years to wean people from “Jhum” cultivation.The major components of “Jhum” control programme of the district includes a) Reclamation of land b) Wet rice cultivation c) Irrigation supported by required inputs. The main thrust of agriculture of the District has been the food grain production. The data of agriculture products indicates a healthy trend of increase as per Table no. 2.1 to 2.4 attached. In matters of food grain productions rice, maize and millet are the three items of importance. As for other cereals, both the quality of production and the area under cultivation are insignificant in the District. However, the scheme of enhancing the production of pulses and oil seeds is being implemented in the District. The rice production in the district is in good trend with local selling in the markets of Seppa and adjoining areas. Especially the rice productions in the three important belts like Papu valley, Passa valley and Pakke valley are much appreciative and known as the rice bowl of East Kameng District. Page:10 2.3 Horticulture The soil and climatic conditions of the district are conducive for the development of Horticulture gardens. During the last five year the Horticulture production have made very good progress due to the high priority given to its development, especially in the regions like Richukrong, Bana, Papu valley, Passa valley and Pakke-Kessang blocks. The major programme undertaken for Horticulture development in the district includes a) Distribution of fruits plants. b) Establishment of peoples Horticulture garden. c) Distribution of garden tools and equipments at subsidized rates. d) Setting up of nurseries etc. In 2002-2003, the total area under Horticulture stood 302.00 hectares and 118.087 hectares respectively as per Table No. 2.3 and 2.5 attached. The District authorities have set up numbers of Horticultural Farms, garden, nurseries etc. shown in the Table No.2.4. The production of major fruits in the district during 2002-03 as per statistic data are given Table No. 2.5, whose density works out to be 13.50 hectares. 2.4 Fishery The district has the vast potential for the development of fishing. In order to boost up the production of fish and fish seeds, the department and district authorities have taken up to establish more fish farms, fish ponds, fish culture as per Table No. 2.6 attached. The effects of developmental activities has encouraged / enhanced the fish and fish seed productions in the district, the circle wise fish and fish seed production during 2002-2003 have been shown in the table No.2.7. 2.5 Livestock and Animal Husbandry of East Kameng District. The development of animal husbandry is essential for the single reason that the live- stock plays an important role in the socio-economic life of the people in the District. Page:11 The primary objectives of animal husbandry development programme in the district is to improve the quality of livestock, provide health coverage and to increase the production levels for milk, meat and eggs of East Kameng District. As per the census of 1999-2003 of livestock and Animal Husbandry department, the total number of VETERINARY DISPENSARIES, Veterinary Aid centers and Cattle upgrading centers in East Kameng District were 6 (six) , 7 (Seven) and 12 (twelve) respectively. Beside these 1 (one) No. of cattle farms diary, 1 (one) No. of pig farms, 1 (one) No. of chicken Rearing centre, 1 (one) No. of poultry farm and 12 (twelve) nos. of cattle upgrading centre are also established in East Kameng district as shown in Table No. 2.8, 2.9 & 2.10. From the above diary farm each year around 30,200 liters of milk has been produced in East Kameng and same are sold within the District. 2.6 Education The number of Government and Non-Government educational institutions in the District has steadily gone up over last decades. The number of schools (Higher Secondary, Secondary, Middle, primary, Pre-primary, community & I.V.) has gone up during last periods. The relevant datas are given in Table 2.11 & 2.12. 2.7 Health The scenario of state of health of the District is far below to match with other urban health centers. The general Hospital at the District Headquarter is constantly over loaded with the out/indoor patients throughout the year. Staff and Medical officers are yet to match up their sanctioned strength and finds hard to dispose time bound cases. As such the State Government / District authorities have tried to set up members of health units / Dispensaries shown in Table No.2.13. 2.8 Co-Operative Societies. There are numbers of Co-operative societies registered with district administrations in East Kameng District. These co-operative societies are located at various Circles/Administrative centers and does sustain some of the burdens of District Administration especially in the P.D.S. sector. Centers and working of different co-operatives in East Kameng District are shown in (Table 2.14). Page:12 2.9 Industry The Department of Industry has the vital role in mending the forest products. Some of the craft Industries of Arunachal Pradesh has played significant market attractions and earned good revenue resources for the Government of Arunachal Pradesh. These areas are in the bamboos and cane industries, carpet industries, plywood industries etc. Though the industrial components and functionaries of East Kameng District is much meager when compared with other urban centers, the District Head/Government of Arunachal Pradesh has taken numerous steps to establish varieties of small scale industry units in the District as shown in (Table 2.15 & 2.17). A fair data of annual outturn of different craft centers in East Kameng District is shown in Table 2.16. 2.10 Department of Power. The Power Department is one of the major functioning and power relied source in East Kameng District. One old Hydel of low K.W., aging 30-40 years seldom functions and the power required are mostly met from the Diesel generations with Diesel power house at the heart of Seppa town, the District Headquarter . Sometimes the Power requirements of the district are occasionally met from the external feeders like NEEPCO from Khupi in West Kameng District. These supply are not reliable and very frequent power trips occurs for long. Presently one Mega Hydel is coming up at the near vicinity of Seppa town through “ the Pacha Nallah” named Pacha Hydel through Department of Hydro Power and expected to commission by the lean monsoon season of 2008. Some of the relevant data collected from the District statistic book are given in Table 2.18 to 2.20. \\Server\server drive\TRANS\RUPA\Seppa Khodaso Trans Arunachal (Final)\Report\Chapters\Chapter - 2 Socio Economic Profile\Chapter 2.Doc Page:13 TABLE NO. 2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF AREA UNDER AGRICULTURAL USE IN EAST KAMENG DISTRICT Sl.N Type of Classification Area Remarks o.