Celebrate Pentecost May 30, 2020 the Holy Spirit

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Celebrate Pentecost May 30, 2020 the Holy Spirit May 30, 2020 The Holy Spirit Celebrate Pentecost Overview Before he ascends into Heaven, Jesus promises to send the Holy Spirit upon his friends. The Jewish Materials feast of Pentecost is approaching. This feast comes l 50 days after Passover. Jesus’ 120 followers gather Copies of the “Pentecost, the birthday of the Church, Acts 2:1–41” and “What is the Holy Spirit Like?” together to pray. They have little idea what the Holy activity pages Spirit will empower them to do. Suddenly, they hear a noise like a strong, driving wind all through the l Bibles for each student (preferably with maps) house. The Spirit sets fire to their tongues to proclaim l Paper, pens, or pencils the Good News that God has raised Jesus from the l Venture/Visions Music CD and a CD player dead. People from many nations hear in their own languages the message Peter preaches—that Jesus is God’s Son and Israel’s Messiah. Peter’s fiery preaching launches a membership drive, a followership drive. Summarize by highlighting the young people’s The feast becomes the birthday of the Church. responses to the questions, especially the power of great communicators to fire them up. Share Experiences Discover Gospel and Doctrine Break the young people into small groups of Introduce the Scripture story of Pentecost. three or four. Ask them what they know about Explain that Pentecost is the birthday or launch Pentecost. A common answer is that the Holy Spirit of the Church. Scripture tells us 120 followers came down in tongues of fire. Does that mean the gathered and prayed together waiting for the disciples risk first degree burns? No, it means they Holy Spirit to come as Jesus promised. Today, are empowered with the gifts of communication, in the Twitter era, having 120 followers doesn’t confidence, and purpose. People hear their preach- sound that impressive. However, to gain the ing and understand their message and enthusiasm. attention and the trust of that many people without the help of any media tools is fairly Have your young people respond to the amazing. Jesus’ Good News goes viral on the first following questions in their small groups. Let Pentecost! volunteers share their answers with the large group. Pentecost: Birthday of the Church The Pentecost story, Acts 2:1–11, is the First Reading 1. What teachers or coaches fire you up with their on Pentecost Sunday. This reading is below in messages? Give an example. reader parts with the additions of a short version 2. When have you felt as if you’ve had the gift of of Peter’s preaching (Acts 2:14–36) and the tongues, the ability to get your message across results of his preaching—3,000 receive baptism in a clear and convincing manner? (Acts 2:37–41). Make copies and distribute to each young person. Assign individual parts and 3. What qualities do think are most important in groups to represent different countries and being a good communicator? regions. Proclaim the Pentecost story together. 4. Who do you think is the most influential public speaker you know? Who is the most influential © Pflaum Publishing Group, a division of Bayard, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce this page for use by parishes, schools, and families using one-on-one communicator in your life? Pflaum Gospel Weeklies. The Holy Spirit: Celebrate Pentecost . Discuss: Live the Gospel 1. How is Pentecost like the Church’s birthday? What Is the Holy Spirit Like? Ask your group: 2. What work do the tongues of fire call Jesus’ how do we recognize the Holy Spirit at work followers to do? in our lives? The Bible compares the Holy Spirit Pflaum Gospel Weeklies 3. The people who hear Peter speak many to tongues of fire, wind, and breath. Explain languages but all hear one message. What do the questions on the activity page will help the they hear? young people identify ways the Spirit works in us, our world, and our relationships with each 4. How does Peter affect the people who hear other. Break them into small groups and make him preach? How does he affect you? Does he sure they have at least one Bible per group. fire you up about being a Christian? Invite them to discuss the questions together and then ask volunteers to share with the larger 5. What does Peter communicate to those who group. hear him? What does he communicate to you? Closing Prayer: Pentecost Prayer Service 6. What part of Peter’s message would you post Ask the young people to gather in a circle. on Instagram or Snapchat today? Choose a leader, three girls, and three boys to Geography Option: This Sunday’s Scripture talks take parts. Make sure you have copies of the about many groups of people from many lands. closing prayer, a hymnal, and a lighted candle Some of those countries and people have the or votive ready in advance for each student. same names today as in Jesus’ time; others have Introduce the closing prayer by instructing the changed. Most Bibles come with maps inside, young people to focus on the prayer’s call to usually at the back. Have your students find action. Remind all present that the Holy Spirit is the areas on the Bible map and compare them about action, motivation and courage. Celebrate to countries today. A list of the countries in the the Pentecost Prayer Service together. Pentecost reading and their names today follows: Arabia, Egypt, and Crete identify countries by the same name. Pontus, Pamphyia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia are regions in Asia Minor, Turkey today. Cyrene is Libya, Elam is Jordan, Median and Parthia are Iran today. Judea is Israel. Mesopotamia is the Iraq area. Rome is in Italy. © Pflaum Publishing Group, a division of Bayard, Inc.. Permission is granted to reproduce this page for use by parishes, schools, and families using schools, parishes, use by this page for reproduce to is granted Inc.. Permission a division of Bayard, Group, © Pflaum Publishing The Holy Spirit: Celebrate Pentecost Name Pentecost, the Birthday of the Church, Acts 2:1–41 . LEADER: We became members of your family at Bap- AFRICANS: We’re from Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt, tism, Jesus. Be with us now as we remember the first and the region of Libya around Cyrene. We understand Pentecost. them. NARRATOR 1: When the Feast of Pentecost came, many ROMANS: We’re here all the way from Rome. We of Jesus’ followers gathered together in one place. understand them. NARRATOR 2: Suddenly, a sound from the heavens CRETANS: We’re from Crete. We understand them. Pflaum Gospel Weeklies filled the house where they sat, a sound like a strong, ARABS: We are from Arabia. We understand them. driving wind. ALL VISITORS: We hear these people speaking in their NARRATOR 1: Tongues as of fire appeared to them, own languages about the wonders God has done. resting upon each one of them. NARRATOR 1: The visitors didn’t know what to say. NARRATOR 2: And they were all filled with the Holy They were puzzled about what was happening. Spirit and began to speak in other languages as the Spirit ALL VISITORS: What does this mean? gave them words. VISITOR: They have had too much new wine. NARRATOR 1: Jews from many countries were staying PETER: We are not drunk. It is only nine o’clock in the in Jerusalem for Pentecost. They heard the sound and morning. What is happening is what the prophet Joel gathered in a large crowd. talked about long ago when he said, “In the last days I NARRATOR 2: They didn’t know what to think because, will pour out my Spirit upon all people, says the Lord, amazingly, they could each hear in their own language and they will all prophesy.” We have something to say what Jesus’ friends were saying. about Jesus from Nazareth. He showed who he was by VISITOR: Aren’t these people who are speaking from the miracles, wonders, and signs he worked among you. Galilee? God was working through him. He was crucified and put ALL VISITORS: How can we be hearing them in our to death, but God raised him up again. Death could not own languages? keep hold of him. We are his witnesses. Let the whole PARTHIANS: We’re from Parthia in the east. We people of Israel know that God has made Jesus, who was understand them. crucified, the Lord and Messiah. MEDES: We are Medes. We understand them. ALL VISITORS: What are we to do? ELAMITES: We’re from Elam in the south. We under- PETER: Change your attitude and be baptized in the stand them. name of Jesus the Messiah. Your sins will be forgiven, and ASIANS: We are from Mesopotamia, Judea, and Cappa- you will receive the Holy Spirit. docia. We understand them. NARRATOR 2: That day 3,000 were baptized. Acts 2:1–41 Pentecost Prayer Service LEADER: Let us pray for the help we need to share the GIRL 3: When we want to be tough— Spirit within us. ALL: Give us hearts that are gentle. BOY 1: When fighting seems like the way to go— Each person takes a lighted candle and returns to the circle. ALL: Help us offer a handshake in peace. GIRL 1: When others walk away from a newcomer— LEADER: Let us join in blessing each other. ALL: Direct our feet toward friendship. All hold candles toward center of circle. BOY 2: When we don’t want to understand— ALL: You are sent to be new apostles.
Recommended publications
  • Pax Persica and the Peoples of the Black Sea Region: Extent and Limits of Achaemenid Imperial Ideology
    Pax Persica and the Peoples of the Black Sea Region: Extent and Limits of Achaemenid Imperial Ideology Maria Brosius The problem of the historical record In contrast to ancient historians studying the Black Sea region in the sixth and fifth centuries BC, archaeologists appear to have a considerable amount of data on which to base scholarly debate. The finds emerging from Georgia and Azerbaijan are particularly striking. But, while archaeologists are able to hold on to undeniable factual evidence for Achaemenid presence in this region in the shape of Achaemenid column bases and entire palace-like structures, the attempt of ancient historians to provide a historical assessment of the Black Sea region in the Achaemenid period resembles a clutching at straws. To be sure, the evaluation of the archaeological evidence is not without its own problems, yet incorporating the Black Sea region into the historical discussion of our period poses a difficult challenge. Amongst other concerns there is a debate over the extent of the Persian controlled area,1 the exact definition of its borders, the duration of Persian presence, the question of Persian naval communication across the Black Sea, the status of these regions within the Persian political structure, as well as that of the Greek cities of the Black Sea region and Persian rulers.2 The following observations aim to address some of these issues and con- tribute to the discussion on how we are to contextualize the evidence for the Black Sea region during the Achaemenid period and to evaluate the impact of the Persian presence there.
    [Show full text]
  • The Satrap of Western Anatolia and the Greeks
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Eyal Meyer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Meyer, Eyal, "The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2473. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Abstract This dissertation explores the extent to which Persian policies in the western satrapies originated from the provincial capitals in the Anatolian periphery rather than from the royal centers in the Persian heartland in the fifth ec ntury BC. I begin by establishing that the Persian administrative apparatus was a product of a grand reform initiated by Darius I, which was aimed at producing a more uniform and centralized administrative infrastructure. In the following chapter I show that the provincial administration was embedded with chancellors, scribes, secretaries and military personnel of royal status and that the satrapies were periodically inspected by the Persian King or his loyal agents, which allowed to central authorities to monitory the provinces. In chapter three I delineate the extent of satrapal authority, responsibility and resources, and conclude that the satraps were supplied with considerable resources which enabled to fulfill the duties of their office. After the power dynamic between the Great Persian King and his provincial governors and the nature of the office of satrap has been analyzed, I begin a diachronic scrutiny of Greco-Persian interactions in the fifth century BC.
    [Show full text]
  • Megillat Esther
    The Steinsaltz Megillot Megillot Translation and Commentary Megillat Esther Commentary by Rabbi Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz Koren Publishers Jerusalem Editor in Chief Rabbi Jason Rappoport Copy Editors Caryn Meltz, Manager The Steinsaltz Megillot Aliza Israel, Consultant Esther Debbie Ismailoff, Senior Copy Editor Ita Olesker, Senior Copy Editor Commentary by Chava Boylan Rabbi Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz Suri Brand Ilana Brown Koren Publishers Jerusalem Ltd. Carolyn Budow Ben-David POB 4044, Jerusalem 91040, ISRAEL Rachelle Emanuel POB 8531, New Milford, CT 06776, USA Charmaine Gruber Deborah Meghnagi Bailey www.korenpub.com Deena Nataf Dvora Rhein All rights reserved to Adin Steinsaltz © 2015, 2019 Elisheva Ruffer First edition 2019 Ilana Sobel Koren Tanakh Font © 1962, 2019 Koren Publishers Jerusalem Ltd. Maps Editors Koren Siddur Font and text design © 1981, 2019 Koren Publishers Jerusalem Ltd. Ilana Sobel, Map Curator Steinsaltz Center is the parent organization Rabbi Dr. Joshua Amaru, Senior Map Editor of institutions established by Rabbi Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz Rabbi Alan Haber POB 45187, Jerusalem 91450 ISRAEL Rabbi Aryeh Sklar Telephone: +972 2 646 0900, Fax +972 2 624 9454 www.steinsaltz-center.org Language Experts Dr. Stéphanie E. Binder, Greek & Latin Considerable research and expense have gone into the creation of this publication. Rabbi Yaakov Hoffman, Arabic Unauthorized copying may be considered geneivat da’at and breach of copyright law. Dr. Shai Secunda, Persian No part of this publication (content or design, including use of the Koren fonts) may Shira Shmidman, Aramaic be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 the Assyrian Empire, the Conquest of Israel, and the Colonization of Judah 37 I
    ISRAEL AND EMPIRE ii ISRAEL AND EMPIRE A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism Leo G. Perdue and Warren Carter Edited by Coleman A. Baker LONDON • NEW DELHI • NEW YORK • SYDNEY 1 Bloomsbury T&T Clark An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Imprint previously known as T&T Clark 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury, T&T Clark and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2015 © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Authors of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the authors. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978-0-56705-409-8 PB: 978-0-56724-328-7 ePDF: 978-0-56728-051-0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset by Forthcoming Publications (www.forthpub.com) 1 Contents Abbreviations vii Preface ix Introduction: Empires, Colonies, and Postcolonial Interpretation 1 I.
    [Show full text]
  • Harriet Elam-Thomas' Oral History
    The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR HARRIET L. ELAM-THOMAS Interviewed by: James T.L. Dandridge, II & Mark Tauber Initial interview date: June 2, 2006 Copyright 2017 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Birthplace: Boston, Massachusetts College Preparation: Interviews Simmons College & Boston University Experiment in International Living: Study Abroad – Lyon, France - Summer 1962 Paris, France 1965-1968 Secretary at the American Embassy Civil Rights Movement in America Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Activism in United States and Left Bank, France Washington, DC 1968-1971 Sen. Edward Brooke and White House Assignment Opportunity West Wing White House Position Work with President Richard Nixon’s Special Assistant for Appointments White House Departure - February 1971 U.S. Department of State Foreign Service Reserve Appointment Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Program Officer in the Office of Youth, Students and Special Programs Responsible for High School Exchange Programs and Young Leaders Exchanges Member of the U.S. delegation to the 25th United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) American Council of Young Political Leaders U.S. Youth Council Foreign Service Oral Exam to become career FSO U.S. Department of State 1971-1974 Assisted return U.S. Exchange students during Turkish invasion of Cyprus Commissioned as Foreign Service Officer Career FSO Overseas Assignments: 1 Assistant Cultural Affairs officer in Dakar, Senegal Mali 1976 Temporary Duty Assignment
    [Show full text]
  • The Achaemenid Legacy in the Arsakid Period
    Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 2019, special issue, pp. 175–186 Volume in Honour of Professor Anna Krasnowolska doi:10.4467/20843933ST.19.032.10975 www.ejournals.eu/Studia-Litteraria HTTP://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-6709-752X MAREK JAN OLBRYCHT University of Rzeszów, Poland e-mail: [email protected] The Memory of the Past: the Achaemenid Legacy in the Arsakid Period Abstract The Achaemenid Empire, established by Cyrus the Great, provided a model looked up to by subsequent empires on the territory of Iran and the Middle East, including the empires ruled by Alexander of Macedonia, the Seleukids, and the Arsakids. Achaemenid patterns were eagerly imitated by minor rulers of Western Asia, including Media Atropatene, Armenia, Pontos, Kappadokia and Kommagene. The Arsakids harked back to Achaemenids, but their claims to the Achaemenid descendance were sporadic. Besides, there were no genealogical links between the Arsakids and Achaemenid satraps contrary to the dynastic patterns com- mon in the Hellenistic Middle East. Keywords: Iran, Cyrus the Great, Achaemenids, Arsakids, Achaemenid legacy In this article I shall try to explain why some rulers of the Arsakid period associa- ted their dynasty with the Achaemenids and what the context was of such declara- tions. The focus of this study is on the kings of Parthia from Arsakes I (248–211 B.C.) to Phraates IV (37–3/2 B.C.). The Achaemenids established the world’s first universal empire, spanning ter- ritories on three continents – Asia, Africa, and (temporary) Europe. The power of the Persians was founded by Cyrus the Great (559–530 B.C.), eulogised by the Iranians, Jews, Babylonian priests, and Greeks as well, who managed to make a not very numerous people inhabiting the lands along the Persian Gulf masters of an empire stretching from Afghanistan to the Aegean Sea, giving rise to the largest state of those times.
    [Show full text]
  • Places and Peoples in Central Asia Graeco-Roman
    PLACES AND PEOPLES IN CENTRAL ASIA AND IN THE GRAECO-ROMAN NEAR EAST ¥]-^µ A MULTILINGUAL GAZETTEER COMPILED FOR THE SERICA PROJECT FROM SELECT PRE-ISLAMIC SOURCES BY PROF. SAMUEL N.C. LIEU FRAS, FRHISTS, FSA, FAHA Visiting Fellow, Wolfson College, Cambridge and Inaugural Distinguished Professor in Ancient History, Macquarie University, Sydney ¥]-^µ ANCIENT INDIA AND IRAN TRUST (AIIT) CAMBRIDGE, UK AND ANCIENT CULTURES RESEARCH CENTRE (ACRC) MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, NSW, AUSTRALIA (JULY, 2012) ABBREVIATIONS Acta Mari = The Acts of Mār Mārī the CPD = A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary, ed. Apostle, ed. and trans. A. Harrak D. MacKenzie (Oxford, 1971). (Atlanta, 2005). Ctes. = Ctesias. AI = Acta Iranica (Leiden – Téhéran- DCBT = W.E. Soothill and L. Hodous Liège 1974f.) (eds.) A Dictionary of Chinese Akk. = Akkadian (language). Buddhist Terms (London, 1934). Amm. = Ammianus Marcellinus. DB = Inscription of Darius at Behistan, cf. Anc. Lett. = Sogdian Ancient Letters, ed. OP 116-135. H. Reichelt, Die soghdischen DB (Akk.) = The Bisitun Inscription of Handschriften-reste des Britischen Darius the Great- Babylonian Version, Museums, 2 vols. (Heidelberg 1928- ed. E.N. von Voigtlander, CII, Pt. I, 1931), ii, 1-42. Vol. 2 (London, 1978). A?P = Inscription of Artaxerxes II or III at DB (Aram.) = The Bisitun Inscription of Persepolis, cf. OP 15-56. Darius the Great- Aramaic Version, Aram. = Aramaic (language). eds. J.C. Greenfield and B. Porten, CII, Arm. = Armenian (language). Pt. I, Vol. 5 (London, 1982). Arr. = Flavius Arrianus. Déd. = J.T. Milik, Dédicaces faites par Athan. Hist. Arian. = Athanasius, Historia des dieux (Palmyra, Hatra, Tyr et des Arianorum ad Monachos, PG 25.691- thiases sémitiques à l'époque romaine 796.
    [Show full text]
  • Speech of Alexander the Great, from the Campaigns of Alexander
    Ancient History Sourcebook: Arrian: Speech of Alexander the Great, from The Campaigns of Alexander I observe, gentlemen, that when I would lead you on a new venture you no longer follow me with your old spirit. I have asked you to meet me that we may come to a decision together: are we, upon my advice, to go forward, or, upon yours, to turn back? If you have any complaint to make about the results of your efforts hitherto, or about myself as your commander, there is no more to say. But let me remind you: through your courage and endurance you have gained possession of Ionia, the Hellespont, both Phrygias, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Lydia, Caria, Lycia, Pamphylia, Phoenicia, and Egypt; the Greek part of Libya is now yours, together with much of Arabia, lowland Syria, Mesopotamia, Babylon, and Susia; Persia and Media with all the territories either formerly controlled by them or not are in your hands; you have made yourselves masters of the lands beyond the Caspian Gates, beyond the Caucasus, beyond the Tanais, of Bactria, Hyrcania, and the Hyrcanian sea; we have driven the Scythians back into the desert; and Indus and Hydaspes, Acesines and Hydraotes flow now through country which is ours. With all that accomplished, why do you hesitate to extend the power of Macedon--yourpower--to the Hyphasis and the tribes on the other side ? Are you afraid that a few natives who may still be left will offer opposition? Come, come! These natives either surrender without a blow or are caught on the run--or leave their country undefended for your taking; and when we take it, we make a present of it to those who have joined us of their own free will and fight on our side.
    [Show full text]
  • THE KUSHITE ORIGINS of SU~Ier and ELAM by Runoko Rashidi Ancient Sumer, the Biblical Land of Shinar, Modern Lower Mesopotamia, F
    THE KUSHITE ORIGINS OF SU~iER AND ELAM By Runoko Rashidi And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth. He was a mighty hunter before the Lord: wherefore it is said, even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the Lord. And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel ••. in the land of Shinar. 1 Ancient Sumer, the biblical land of Shinar, modern lower Mesopotamia, flourished in the third millenium B.C. covering the territorial expanse of the Tigris/Euphrates River Valley. Embracing the shores of the Persian Gulf, Sumer extended north to Akkad, a distance of about 320 miles, thus constituting Southern Babylonia. The appellation Chaldea, frequently applied to the region, appears to have been introduced by the Assyrians in the ninth century B.c.2 The designations Babylon, Babylonia and Chaldea have been used extensively, particularly by nine­ teenth century scholars, in reference to the area now almost exclusively known as Sumer. Sumer appears to be the first major high-culture of western Asia. She bequeathed to her successor states a tradi­ tion of great achievement. Her many contributions to civili­ zation are well known. Brilliant agriculturalists, the Sumerians built very sophisticated canals and reservoirs to irrigate their fields. They possessed both an advanced legal system and a well developed knowledge of medicine and were perhaps the ancient world's greatest astronomers.3 While these salient facts regarding Sumer's obvious cultural genius are well known, the important question of the racial composition of its population is generally glossed over. This apparent cloud concerning race, however, is very thin and there is a substantial body of evidence in support of the position that the civilization of Sumer was the product of Black migrations from Africa's Nile Valley.
    [Show full text]
  • Sogdiana During the Hellenistic Period by Gurtej Jassar B.Sc, Th
    Hellas Eschate The Interactions of Greek and non-Greek Populations in Bactria- Sogdiana during the Hellenistic Period by Gurtej Jassar B.Sc, The University of British Columbia, 1992 B.A.(Hon.), The University of British Columbia, 1995 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Classical, Near Eastern, and Religious Studies) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA April 1997 ©Gurtej Jassar, 1997 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of OA,S5J The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada DE-6 (2/88) II ABSTRACT This study deals with the syncretism between Greek and non-Greek peoples as evidenced by their architectural, artistic, literary and epigraphic remains. The sites under investigation were in the eastern part of the Greek world, particularly Ai Khanoum, Takht-i-Sangin, Dilberdjin, and Kandahar. The reason behind syncretism was discussed in the introduction, which included the persistence of the ancient traditions in Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Bactria even after being conquered by the Greeks.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Achaemenid Decline Based on the Theory of Political Instability David Saunders
    Annals of Global History Volume 1, Issue 2, 2019, PP 17-24 ISSN 2642-8172 Analysis of the Achaemenid Decline Based on the Theory of Political Instability David Saunders Zahra Hosseinpour1*, Majid Rafiei2, Abdolreza Alishahi3, Zahra Pakzad4 1Master's degree in Executive Master of Business Administration at Tehran University, Tehran, Iran 2Graduate Master of International Relations at Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran 3Ph.D in Political Science at Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran 4MSc International Relations at the University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran *Corresponding Author: Zahra Hosseinpour, Master's degree in Executive Master of Business Administration at Tehran University, Tehran, Iran, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Achaemenids are one of the most powerful and lasting dynasties in ancient Persia, founded by Cyrus the Great. The territory of this dynasty was very wide, extending from the Sind Valley in India to the Nile in Egypt and the Benghazi area in Libya today and from the Danube River in Europe to Central Asia. In this vast state, many tribes lived in their own customs, and maintained their own state and ethnic culture. In fact, the country's most important characteristic was respect for individual and ethnic freedom and the respect for law and order, and the encouragement of indigenous arts and culture as well as the promotion of commerce and art. This authoritative and widespread government process continued to evolve to a point where the dynasty led to the collapse of this powerful dynasty. In this article,
    [Show full text]
  • THE ARCHAEOLOGY of ACHAEMENID RULE in EGYPT by Henry Preater Colburn a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requ
    THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF ACHAEMENID RULE IN EGYPT by Henry Preater Colburn A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Art and Archaeology) in the University of Michigan 2014 Doctoral Committee: Professor Margaret C. Root, Chair Associate Professor Elspeth R. M. Dusinberre, University of Colorado Professor Sharon C. Herbert Associate Professor Ian S. Moyer Professor Janet E. Richards Professor Terry G. Wilfong © Henry Preater Colburn All rights reserved 2014 For my family: Allison and Dick, Sam and Gabe, and Abbie ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation was written under the auspices of the University of Michigan’s Interdepartmental Program in Classical Art and Archaeology (IPCAA), my academic home for the past seven years. I could not imagine writing it in any other intellectual setting. I am especially grateful to the members of my dissertation committee for their guidance, assistance, and enthusiasm throughout my graduate career. Since I first came to Michigan Margaret Root has been my mentor, advocate, and friend. Without her I could not have written this dissertation, or indeed anything worth reading. Beth Dusinberre, another friend and mentor, believed in my potential as a scholar well before any such belief was warranted. I am grateful to her for her unwavering support and advice. Ian Moyer put his broad historical and theoretical knowledge at my disposal, and he has helped me to understand the real potential of my work. Terry Wilfong answered innumerable questions about Egyptian religion and language, always with genuine interest and good humor. Janet Richards introduced me to Egyptian archaeology, both its study and its practice, and provided me with important opportunities for firsthand experience in Egypt.
    [Show full text]