Eating a Pete Does Not Stink!
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Healthy Food Traditions of Asia: Exploratory Case Studies From
Harmayani et al. Journal of Ethnic Foods (2019) 6:1 Journal of Ethnic Foods https://doi.org/10.1186/s42779-019-0002-x ORIGINALARTICLE Open Access Healthy food traditions of Asia: exploratory case studies from Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Nepal Eni Harmayani1, Anil Kumar Anal2, Santad Wichienchot3, Rajeev Bhat4, Murdijati Gardjito1, Umar Santoso1, Sunisa Siripongvutikorn5, Jindaporn Puripaatanavong6 and Unnikrishnan Payyappallimana7* Abstract Asia represents rich traditional dietary diversity. The rapid diet transition in the region is leading to a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The aim of this exploratory study was to document traditional foods and beverages and associated traditional knowledge that have potential positive health impacts, from selected countries in the region. The study also focused on identifying their importance in the prevention and management of lifestyle-related diseases and nutritional deficiencies as well as for the improvement of the overall health and wellbeing. This was conducted in selected locations in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Nepal through a qualitative method with a pre-tested documentation format. Through a detailed documentation of their health benefits, the study tries to highlight the significance of traditional foods in public health as well as their relevance to local market economies towards sustainable production and consumption and sustainable community livelihoods. Keywords: Traditional foods, Ethnic recipes, Asian health food traditions, Cultural dietary diversity, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Nepal Introduction Due to the dynamic adaptations to local biocultural con- Asia represents vast geographic, socioeconomic, bio- texts and refinement over generations through empirical logical, and cultural diversity. This is also reflected in the observations, they assume to have positive health impacts dietary diversity of traditional foods. -
PHYSICAL CONDITIONS and MICROCLIMATE of TWO Cynopterus SPECIES ROOSTS in an ABANDONED VILLAGE in LAMBOR, PERAK
Journal of Sustainability Science and Management eISSN: 2672-7226 Volume 15 Number 5, July 2020: 59-71 © Penerbit UMT PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND MICROCLIMATE OF TWO Cynopterus SPECIES ROOSTS IN AN ABANDONED VILLAGE IN LAMBOR, PERAK MOHD RANI ISMAIL HASNIM1, HAO-CHIH KUO2, SHAHRUL MOHD SAH3 AND LEE-SIM 1 LIM* 1School of Distance Education, 3School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Pulau Pinang, 2Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan *Corresponding author: [email protected] Submitted final draft: 21 January 2020 Accepted: 29 February 2020 http://doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2020.07.007 Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the microclimate and physical conditions of the detected Cynopterus fruit bats’ roosts in an abandoned village, west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Two abandoned wooden houses as permanent bat roosts were selected: one at an exposed spot with higher damaged condition; another one was less damaged and covered with wild vegetation. Bats were trapped in their roost, identified as Cynopterus horsfieldii and Cynopterus brachyotis. Microclimate conditions of both bat roosts were recorded twice at 08:00 and 12:00 each day for seven weeks. Microclimate analyses show the more covered roost had significant lower mean for roost temperature, light intensity, and wind speed than the more exposed roost, but no significant difference between the humidity of both roosts. Daily roost counts at noon reveals more Cynopterus bat individuals roosting at the less exposed and isolated roost consistently during the study, indicates this genus still prefer a more sheltered roost without human activities despite having adapted well to urbanisation. -
Table S1 Wild Food Plants Used by Minangkabau and Mandailing Women in Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Table S1 Wild food plants used by Minangkabau and Mandailing women in Pasaman regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia Plant species and Plant family Local names Local food Part used and Cited by % of Habitat voucher number category extent of use respondents Food group: Starchy staples Manihot esculenta C Euphorbiaceae Ubi singkong, Ubi Staple Tuber 74 (30 Ma; 44 Mi) Ag, Ho, rantz kayu (Mi, Ma) food/snack ++ Fi Colocasia esculenta ( Araceae Talas (Mi); Suhat Staple Tuber 53 (16 Ma; 37 Mi) Ae, Af, L.) Schott (LP16) (Ma) food/snack + Fi Ipomoea batatas (L.) Convolvulaceae Ubi jalar (Mi, Ma) Staple Tuber 25 (30 Ma; 44 Mi) Fi, Hg Poir. food/snack + Xanthosoma Araceae Talas hitam (Mi) Staple Tuber 1 (0 Ma; 1 Mi) Af sagittifolium (L.) food/snack - Schott (LP56) Food group: Pulses Archidendron Leguminosae Jariang (Mi); Joring Vegetable Seed 14 (4 Ma; 10 Mi) Af pauciflorum (Benth.) (Ma); Jengkol (Mi, ++++ I.C.Nielsen Ma) Parkia speciosa Leguminosae Petai (Mi, Ma) Vegetable Seed 7 (4 Ma; 3 Mi) Af Hassk. ++++ Archidendron Leguminosae Kabau, Sikabau Vegetable Seed 3 (0 Ma; 3 Mi) Af bubalinum (Jack) (Mi); Kaladeh (Ma) ++ I.C.Nielsen Parkia speciosa Leguminosae Potar, Parira, Petai Vegetable Seed 1 (1 Ma; 0 Mi) Af, Fo Hassk. (LP17) hutan (Ma) + Species not Leguminosae Kacang tujuh Vegetable/ Seed 0 (0 Ma; 1 Mi) Af, Fi identified (LP41) lembar daun (Mi) bean + Vigna unguiculata Leguminosae Kacang tunjuk (Mi, Vegetable/ Seed Only FGD (Mi, Ma) Fi, Hg 'kacang tunjuk' Ma) bean - (LP35) Food group: Nuts and Seeds Artocarpus sp. Moraceae Nankga hutan (Mi); Vegetable Fruit (unripe) 13 (3 Ma; 10 Mi) Fo Nangka/Sibodak + rimbo (Ma) Pangium edule Achariaceae Siwamang (Mi); Fruit Seed 2 (0 Ma; 2 Mi) Af Reinw. -
Specialized and Facultative Nectar-Feeding Bats Have Different Effects on Pollination Networks in Mixed Fruit Orchards, in Southern Thailand
Journal of Pollination Ecology, 19(14), 2016, pp 98-103 — Short Communication — SPECIALIZED AND FACULTATIVE NECTAR-FEEDING BATS HAVE DIFFERENT EFFECTS ON POLLINATION NETWORKS IN MIXED FRUIT ORCHARDS, IN SOUTHERN THAILAND Tuanjit Sritongchuay1,*, Sara Bumrungsri1 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand, 90122 Abstract—Recent advances in the study of pollination networks have improved our ability to describe species interactions at the community level. In this study, we compared the abundance and network strength of facultative and obligate nectar-feeding bats to determine their roles in pollinating mixed fruit orchards. We were particularly interested in the effect of distance from forests and caves on the foraging activity of these two bat groups. For this study, we examined 10 pairs of orchards; each pair consisted of one orchard near to (< 1 km) and one orchard far from (> 7 km) the forest edge. We estimated the abundance of each bat group (nectarivorous vs. frugi- nectarivorous) using video observations to determine floral visitation rates. A pollination network was then created for each of the 20 study orchards and network strength was calculated for each bat group at each orchard. We found that nectarivorous bats showed higher abundance and network strength than frugi-nectarivorous bats. Both bat abundance and network strength were negatively correlated with distance to the nearest cave, however, only network strength was affected by distance to the forest. These results corroborate the importance of nectarivorous bats in pollinating crops within southern Thailand’s mixed fruit orchards. Higher network strength of bats near forests and caves emphasizes the role of natural habitats as pollinator sources. -
Some Physical Properties of Parkia Speciosa Seeds
2011 International Conference on Food Engineering and Biotechnology IPCBEE vol.9 (2011) © (2011)IACSIT Press, Singapoore Some Physical Properties of Parkia speciosa seeds + M.H.R.O. Abdullah1 , P.E. Ch’ng2 and T.H. Lim3 1Department of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 2Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 3Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Abstract. Some physical properties of Parkia speciosa seeds were examined in this study. The average moisture content (wet basis) of the seeds was found to be 74.15 (±3.45) % while the mean moisture content (wet basis) of the pods was 73.02 (±0.43) %. The mean of length, width and thickness of the seeds was 23.20 (±1.13), 17.27 (±0.99) and 9.87 (±0.82) mm respectively. The average value for geometric mean diameter, sphericity, aspect ratio, mass, surface area, volume, true density, bulk density and porosity was 15.80 (±0.85) mm, 68.15 (±2.52) %, 74.51 (±4.26) %, 1.868 (±0.316) g, 786.86 (±84.47) mm2, 2084.37 (±336.00) mm3, 1089.46 (±73.40) kgm-3, 419.88 (±15.27) kgm-3 and 61.29 (±3.18) % respectively. The coefficient of static friction on four types of structural surface was found to be varying from 1.056 (±0.063) for plywood to 1.378 (±0.110) for glass surface. Keywords: Parkia speciosa, physical properties, seeds 1. Introduction Parkia speciosa or popularly known as “petai” among the locals in Malaysia is a rainforest tree that can grow up to 40 m high and 100 cm in diameter. -
WRA Species Report
Family: Fabaceae Taxon: Parkia speciosa Synonym: Inga pyriformis Jungh. Common Name: petai Mimosa pedunculata Hunter bitter bean Parkia harbesonii Elmer twisted cluster bean Parkia macropoda Miq. stink bean Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: EVALUATE Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 n 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable -
Diversity of Bats in Three Selected Forest Types in Peninsular Malaysia
Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2021) 45: 142-155 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1912-50 Diversity of bats in three selected forest types in Peninsular Malaysia Nursyereen MOHD NASIR1,* , Dzulhelmi MUHAMMAD NASIR2 , Rosli RAMLI1 1Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia Received: 31.12.2019 Accepted/Published Online: 23.01.2021 Final Version: 24.03.2021 Abstract: Bats, occupying a variety of habitats, play important roles in the tropical forest. Through this study, comparisons on bat species richness and evenness in primary forest, secondary forest, and urban forest were made. Sampling was conducted between 18:30 PM and 06:30 AM using 10 mist-nets and four harp traps for three consecutive nights at the primary and secondary forest of Ulu Gombak Forest Reserve and urban forest in the Universiti Malaya Botanical Garden. This study progressed from February 2012 until April 2014. A total number of 1226 individuals representing 46 species were managed to be captured throughout the period of this study. From this, a total of 396 individuals of bats from 33 species were recorded in primary forest, 608 individuals of bats from 31 species were recorded in secondary forest and 222 individuals of bats from 11 species were recorded in the urban forest. The primary forest (Shannon–Wiener, H’ = 2.516) has a higher diversity of bats compared to the secondary forest (Shannon–Wiener, H’ = 2.476) and the urban forest (Shannon– Wiener, H’ = 1.527). -
Antioxidant Capacity and Antimutagenicity of Thermal Processed Thai Foods
JARQ 45 (2), 211 – 218 (2011) http://www.jircas.affrc.go.jp Antioxidant Capacity and Antimutagenicity of Thermal Processed Thai Foods Antioxidant Capacity and Antimutagenicity of Thermal Processed Thai Foods Plernchai TANGKANAKUL1, Gassinee TRAKOONTIVAKORN1, Janpen SAENGPRAKAI1, Payom AUTTAVIBOONKUL1, Boonma NIYOMWIT1, Ngamjit LOWVITOON1 and Kazuhiko NAKAHARA2* 1 Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University (Chatuchack, Bangkok 10900, Thailand) 2 Post-harvest Science and Technology Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8686, Japan) Abstract Ten different foods containing local Thai vegetables were selected to study their antioxidant and an- timutagenic properties. The antioxidant capacity, antimutagenicity, and total phenolic content of methanol extracts obtained from cooked food samples exhibited a wide variation ranging from 24- 140 mg vitamin C equivalent/100 g, 53-93% and 35-125 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g. The three foods highest in antioxidant capacity were Kaeng Hoi Bai Chaplu (wild betal curry), Phat Sator (stir- fried petai beans), and Kaeng Pa Gai (mixed vegetables curry). The foods that exhibited an antimuta- genicity greater than 85% were Tomkathi Saibua (water lily stalk curry), Kaeng Pa Gai, Kaeng Taipla (southern curry), and Kaeng Lueang Khun (giant taro stem curry). Next, aiming to develop retort pouch food products, the effect of sterilization heat (121°C) on four selected foods was studied. Anti- oxidant capacity, antimutagenicity, and total phenolic content increased by 0-120%, 13-40%, and 6-54% after sterilization, respectively. Discipline: Food Additional key words: total phenolics, DPPH scavenging capacity, Ames test, processed food, retort food 250 species of plants are used as vegetables in Thai cui- Introduction sine (Prachasaisoradech, 1999). -
Trees in Singapore in 2017 GRAHAM BAKER Visited Singapore; the Following Are His Notes on Some of the Trees He Admired There
Trees in Singapore In 2017 GRAHAM BAKER visited Singapore; the following are his notes on some of the trees he admired there. A city in a garden In June 1963, Lee Quan Yew planted a Mempat tree (Cratoxylum formosum), a pink flowering, medium-sized, native tree, marking the start of his initiative to transform Singapore into a garden city. Since then, so many trees have been planted that his dream has become a reality. High rise condominiums, hotels and offices are enveloped in a green forest comprised principally of two species: the magnificent Angsana Pterocarpus( indicus) a tall, awe inspiring tower of green, billowing elm-like at the top, a southeast Asia species; and the spreading South American rain tree (Samanea saman) festooned in a clothing of epiphytes. A variety of other species complete the ‘forest’ including Singapore’s native favourite, the Tembusu (Fagraea fragrans). This tall, neat tree flowers in spring and late autumn (although there are no seasons in Singapore!) with small- ish, cream, highly scented flowers. Yellow flame (Peltophorum pterocarpum) is here too: a tall, spreading, southeast Asian tree, with pinnate leaves and yellow flowers. Tropical trees, to flower spectacularly, need a spell of dry weather which 210 Singapore doesn’t have. So flowering is sporadic, a branch here, a tree there, at random times. So flowering was sparse when I visited: some yellow flame trees had a partly yellow crown, whilst tropical shrubs coloured the pavements, particularly the lovely red Caesalpinia pulcherrima (from tropical America) and yellow Cassia species. To see avenues of rain trees arching over the highway is a magnificent sight. -
Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 13 (2), 201-215 (2020)
Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 13 (2), 201-215 (2020) Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Journal homepage: http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/biosfer Biodiversity of potentially “lalapan” vegetables in Kampung Adat Naga, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia Nurlinda Septiani, Diana Hernawati*, Rinaldi Rizal Putra Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Siliwangi, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected] A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history Kampung Naga is a traditional village or ethnic in Tasikmalaya, Received: 25 June 2020 Indonesia with a wealth of biodiversity. This ethnic group, with Revised: 2 August 2020 local knowledge, always involves natural richness in everyday Accepted: 12 October 2020 life (ethnobotany). However, not many know about utilizing potentially lalapan vegetables that are commonly used daily by Keywords: the indigenous people of Kampung Naga. Therefore, this research Biodiversity aims to describe the diversity of potentially lalapan vegetables in Ethnobotany the ethnobotanical study used by the people of Kampung Adat Kampung Naga Naga. Therefore, this research aims to describe the diversity of Lalapan potentially fresh plants in the ethnobotanical study used by the Vegetables people of Kampung Adat Naga. The ethnobotanical studies covered include plant species, plant organ parts used, habitus, habitat type, and relative frequency of citation (RFC) calculations. This study was conducted by the qualitative-survey method. The data was analyzed by using an exploratory-descriptive approach and analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed 46 species of potentially fresh plants commonly used by local people in Kampung Adat Naga and 22 families. -
Thai Cuisine 1 Thai Cuisine
Thai cuisine 1 Thai cuisine - Thai seafood curry - Kaeng phet pet yang: roast duck in red curry Thai cuisine is the national cuisine of Thailand. Blending elements of several Southeast Asian traditions, Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components. The spiciness of Thai cuisine is well known. As with other Asian cuisines, balance, detail and variety are of great significance to Thai chefs. Thai food is known for its balance of three to four fundamental taste senses in each dish or the overall meal: sour, sweet, salty, and bitter.[1] Influences Although popularly considered a single cuisine, Thai cuisine is more accurately described as four regional cuisines corresponding to the four main regions of the country: Northern, Northeastern (or Isan), Central, and Southern, each cuisine sharing similar foods or foods derived from those of neighboring countries and regions: Burma to the northwest, the Chinese province of Yunnan and Laos to the north, Vietnam and Cambodia to the east and Malaysia to the south of Thailand. In addition to these four regional cuisines, there is also the Thai Royal Cuisine which can trace its history back to the cosmopolitan palace cuisine of the Ayutthaya kingdom (1351–1767 CE). Its refinement, cooking techniques and use of ingredients were of great influence to the cuisine of the Central Thai plains. Thai cuisine and the culinary traditions and cuisines of Thailand's neighbors have mutually influenced one another over the course of many centuries. Regional variations tend to correlate to neighboring states (often sharing the same cultural background and ethnicity on both sides of the border) as well as climate and geography. -
Chemical Composition of Caesalpinioideae Seeds
1 Original Research Article 2 Chemical Composition of Caesalpinioideae 3 Seeds 1 2* 4 Suryakant Chakradhari , Khageshwar Singh Patel , Erick K. 3 4 5 Towett , Jesús Martín-Gil and Pablo Martín-Ramos 6 1 School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 7 Raipur-492010, India; [email protected] 8 2 School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla 9 University, Raipur-492010, India; [email protected] 10 2 World Agroforestry Centre, PO Box 30677, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya; 11 [email protected]. 12 3 Agriculture and Forestry Engineering Department, ETSIIAA, Universidad de 13 Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; [email protected]. 14 4 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, EPS, Instituto de 15 Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Carretera 16 de Cuarte, s/n, 22071 Huesca, Spain; [email protected]. 17 *Corresponding author 18 Authors’ Contributions 19 Author SC collected, dried, preserved and prepared the plant and soil samples for 20 the analysis. In addition, the polyphenol, oil and starch contents were analyzed by 21 him. Author KSP, designed the whole project and written the paper draft. Author, 22 EKT monitored the mineral content of the seeds and soils by using the XRF 23 technique with respect to the relevant reference materials. Author, JMG scanned 24 and interpret the FTIR spectra for the seeds. Author, PMR scanned and interpret the 25 seed thermal chromatograms, and edited the paper with upgradation. All the 26 Authors read and approved the final manuscript. 27 ABSTRACT 1 28 Aims: Caesalpinioideae species have great medicinal and food values.