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Certain Ethno-Medicinal Plants of Sivasagar District, Assam and Their Uses

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Certain Ethno-Medicinal Plants of Sivasagar District, Assam and Their Uses ANNALS OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES DOI:10.15740/HAS/APPS/6.1and2/26-32 Volume 6 | Issue 1&2 | April & October, 2015 | 26-32 e ISSN–2230–9438 Visit us : www.researchjournal.co.in A CASE STUDY Certain ethno-medicinal plants of Sivasagar district, Assam and their uses MANJIT GOGOI AND P. JIJI ABSTRACT Ethno-medicinal plants play an important role in day to day life of rural people. Now-a-days Ayurveda gets more importance than allopathic medicines. Local inhabitants of Sivasagar district also give more attention in application of such medicinal plant resources which are available in different reserve forests, the district is one of the biodiversity rich hot spot of Assam. 11 per cent area of Sivasagar district is covered by reserve forests. During the study total 35 number of medicinal plant species were recorded with local name and uses. Moreover, it was informed that tribal and non-tribal peoples of the area maximum used plants belongs to family Zingiberaceae. Due to anthropogenic activities the forest is degrading slowly and a decline medicinal plant diversity. Therefore, conservation of this type of forests are essential for feature uses. Key words : Medicinal plants, Anthropogenic activities, Conservation How to cite this paper : Gogoi, Manjit and JiJi, P. (2015). Certain ethno-medicinal plants of Sivasagar district, Assam and their uses. Ann. Pharm. & Pharm. Sci., 6 (1&2) : 26-32. Article chronicle : Received : 25.02.2014; Accepted : 23.09.2015 INTRODUCTION Ayurveda, Homeopathy and Siddha According to world Health Organization (WHO), medicinal plants would be Medicinal plants are of great importance to the health the best source to obtain variety of drugs. About 80 per of individuals and communities. Many of these indigenous cent of individuals from developed countries use traditional medicinal plants are used as spices and food plants. They medicines and compounds derived from medicinal plants. are also sometimes added to foods meant for pregnant Sivasagar district of Assam comprises seven and nursing mothers for medicinal purposes (Okwu, 1999 Reserve forests. Out of the seven reserve forest and 2001). In India, almost 95 per cent of the prescriptions Abhaypur is rich in phytodiversity and covers a total area were plant based in the traditional systems of Unani, of 6,738 hectares. This reserve forest is situated in 2607/ MEMBERS OF THE RESEARCH FORUM /-2702// North latitude and 9408//-9504// east longitude in Address for correspondence : the southern bank of river Brahmaputra in Upper Assam MANJIT GOGOI, Department of Botany, Gargaon College, SIMALUGURI (ASSAM) INDIA and an altitude of 105 m. Tropical monsoon climate with 0 Coopted auhors : average rainfall of 2000-4000 mm and temperature 9 C- 0 P. JIJI, Department of Botany, Gargaon College, SIMALUGURI (ASSAM) 41 C. Abhaypur reserve forest situated in the transition INDIA zone between Assam, Nagaland and Assam, Arunachal HIND MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE MANJIT GOGOI AND P. JIJI Pradesh. The soil deposited on east are usually rich in and collected. The 35 plants come under 24 families. A loams, free from lime, is acidic in reaction pH varied from total of 20 plants identified are from dicotyledones in 17 5.2-6.8, deposited from the Naga Hills. Number of ethnic families and 15 Monocotyledones in 7 families. Maximum people inhabits in this area viz., Tai Ahom, Tai Khamyang, member of plants are from Zingiberaceae family (7). Tai fake, Moran, Motok, Sonowal, Kachari, Mising, Naga, From the list it was identified that Acorus calamus L., Tea garden tribes and Indian Nepalies. Agricultural Litsea cubeba (Lour) Pers., Vitex negundo L., Gloriosa practice and Tea gardens are common around areas. The superba L., Anisomales indica L. Kuntz..s and people live near areas depends on these forest for their Michelia champaka L. are coming under IUCN red food and also medicines. Varieties of ethnomedicinal list. The identified plants, their family, local name, uses plants are available in these areas. and flowering season were enumerated below: Ethno botany work had been conducted in North eastern India by several workers viz., Jain and Hajra List of medicinal plants : (1976), Flora of Sivasagar district by Sharma (1978), Botanical name : Achasma loroglossum recent works on North eastern India by Barua and Sarma (Gagnep) Larsen (1984); Nath and Begum (1998), Dutta and Nath (1998), Family : Zingiberaceae Agarwal and Borah (2001); Baishya and Bora (2002); Local name : Karphul Bora et al. (2003) Ethno medicinal importance of plant Uses of the plant : Rhizome which are diversity by Gogoi and Islam (2006). very aromatic, eaten fresh or with for Tooth and gum pain MATERIALS AND METHODS Habit and habitat : Herb, semi aquatic An ethnobotanical survey was carried out during Flowering and fruiting period : June-2011 to September- 2013 for collect the traditional information from the inhabitants of the Sivasagar district. Botanical name : Acorus calamus L. Primary data were collected through field visit in different Family : Araceae season of the year in different reserve forests and with Local name : Boch direct interaction with the traditional healers and Uses of the plant : The rhizome in cough, practitioners those people traditionally related with bronchitis gout, preparation of ethno medicine. 60 per cent of total depression and other population covered by Tai-Ahom people, 30 per cent Tea mental disorders, tribes and 10 per cent tribal and non-tribal people. tumors and skin Moreover, interact with age old people to collect the disease. information regarding medicinal plants and their uses. Habit and habitat : Herb, semi aquatic During field visit important specimens were collected as Flowering and fruiting period : April, June. per methods of (Jain and Rao, 1967) and prepare herbarium which are deposited in the departmental Botanical name : Aegle marmelos (L.) herbaria of Botany department of Gargaon College, correa Simaluguri, Sivasagar, Assam. Family : Rutaceae Local name : Bel Uses of the plant : Fresh root is crushed RESULTS AND DISCUSSION and the paste about 3g is taken once in empty A total of 35 aromatic medicinal plants identified stomach to cure during the survey, out of which 15 plants are belongs to menorrhea. Monocots in 7 families and 25 from dicots in 17 families. Habit and habitat : Tree, terrestrial. Maximum members of species are from Zingiberaceae Flowering and fruiting period : April, July. family. During the survey, visit and interaction with traditional practitioners a total of 35 plants were identified Botanical name : Ageratum conyzoides Ann. Pharm. & Pharm. Sci.; 6 (1&2) April & Oct., 2015 : 26-32 27 HIND MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE ETHNO-MEDICINAL PLANTS L. Habit and habitat : Tree, Terrestrial Family : Asteraceae Flowering and fruiting period : October, March. Local name : Gondhuabon Uses of the plant : The juice is used in cut Botanical name : Amaranthus spinosus or injuries, it has L. healing properties. Family : Amaranthaceae. Habit and habitat : Herb, terrestrial. Local name : Kata khutora. Flowering and fruiting period : Throughout the year. Uses of the plant : Young tender shoot are used as green Botanical name : Alpinia allughas vegetables, as medicine (Retz.) Rose. to remove kidney Family : Zingiberaceae. stones. Local name : Tora Habit and habitat : Herb, terrestrial Uses of the plant : Rhizome is used as Flowering and fruiting period : April, October. medicine in rheumatism and fruit to cure nail Botanical name : A. viridis L. infection. Family : Amaranthaceae. Habit and habitat : Herb, semi aquatic Local name : Jati khutora. Flowering and fruiting period : May, October Uses of the plant : Young tender shoots are used as green Botanical name : Alpinia galanga willd vegetables and as Family : Zingiberaceae medicine in eye Local name : Tora Baghini problem. Uses of the plant : Rhizome along with leaf Habit and habitat : Herb, terrestrial of commiphora mukul Flowering and fruiting period : April, September. is a cure upon inflammation of Botanical name : Aspergus racemosus rheumatism, Willd heumatoids, arthritis Family : Liliaceae and pain is vertebral Local name : Satmul. column, rhizome Uses of the plant : Infusion obtained from decoction with 10 ml of either leaves or whole Ricinus oil apply on plant is prescribed backache. orally in hypertension. Habit and habitat : Herb, semi aquatic Fried leaves are given Flowering and fruiting period : May, October orally in night blindness. Root paste is used t Botanical name : Alstonia scholaris (L.) massaged in the body R. Br. parts in paralysis. Family : Apocynaceae Habit and habitat : Climber, terrestrial. Local name : Chatiana Flowering and fruiting period : During rain and cold Uses of the plant : Fresh latex is used on season. obsesses and septic ulcer for quick healing. Botanical name : Boerhavia diffusa L. Latex and bark paste is Family : Nyctaginaceae applied on tumours and Local name : Purnonowa cancerous wounds. Uses of the plant : Leaf paste is applied on 28 Ann. Pharm. & Pharm. Sci.; 6 (1&2) April & Oct., 2015 : 26-32 HIND MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE MANJIT GOGOI AND P. JIJI abscess. petiole is applied in the Habit and habitat : Herb, Terrestrial. form of plaster for a Flowering and fruiting period : June, November. week in a joint pains, About 200 ml, infusion Botanical name : Calamus erectus L. of petiole mixed with Family : Arecaceae. 250 ml. cow milk are Local name : Jeng bet. prescribed once a day Uses of the plant : Young stem is used as for three days to vegetable. Medicinally woman after child birth it is used to treatnail to promote secretion of infection and to remove breast milk. worm. Matured stem is Habit and habitat : Herb, semi aquatic used for making Flowering and fruiting period : April, June furniture, sticks, chairs etc. Split stem is used Botanical name : Commelina for making baskets and benghalensis L. fishing materials etc. Family : Commelinaceae Habit and habitat : Semi aquatic Local name : Kana Simolu Flowering and fruiting period : September, May. Uses of the plant : Juise is applied in eye- lid sore. These are Botanical name : Centella asiatica (L) useful in fever, bilious urban affection and snakebite, Family : Apiaceae leprosy.
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