Edinburgh Green Belt Study Stage 2

Final Report December 2008

A Submission to CLIENT INFO Prepared by Land Use Consultants

Date 2008

www.landuse.co.uk

Edinburgh Green Belt Study Comprises the following three reports: Edinburgh Green Belt Landscape Character Assessment Stage 1 Report Stage 2 Report

Prepared for Midlothian Council, City of Edinburgh Council, East Lothian Council West Lothian Council, Scottish Borders Council and Scottish Natural Heritage by Land Use Consultants in association with Carol Anderson

December 2008

37 Otago Street Glasgow G12 8JJ Tel: 0141 334 9595 Fax: 0141 334 7789 [email protected]

Edinburgh Green Belt Study

Stage 2 Final Report

December 2008

37 Otago Street Glasgow G12 8JJ Tel: 0141 334 9595 Fax: 0141 334 7789 [email protected]

CONTENTS

1. Introduction ...... 1 Study parameters ...... 1 2. Method...... 3 Evaluation framework...... 3 Assessment Process ...... 4 Presentation of results...... 9 3. Results and Conclusions...... 11 Introduction...... 11 LCA 6: Cammo Fringe Farmland...... 15 LCA 8: Lennie golf course...... 19 LCA 9: West Craigs Farmland ...... 23 LCA 11 Craigie Hill ...... 27 LCA 14 South Queensferry Farmland...... 31 LCA 17: Newton Farmland...... 35 LCA 21 Craigiehall Policies...... 39 LCA 26 Dalmahoy Policies...... 43 LCA 27: Gowanhill Farmland ...... 47 LCA 30: East Hermiston...... 51 LCA 31 Baberton Farmland...... 55 LCA 43: Broomhill farmland...... 59 LCA 44: Burdiehouse Farmland...... 63 LCA 45: Brunstane farmland ...... 67 LCA 46: Danderhall Settled Farmland...... 71 LCA 47: Craigmillar farmland...... 75 LCA 72: Airport ...... 79 LCA 77 Bush Estate...... 83 LCA 78 Glencorse...... 87 LCA 79 Glencorse Golf Course...... 91 LCA 80 Damhead...... 95 LCA 81 Roslin Farmland...... 99 LCA83: Edgefield Farmland...... 105 LCA 85 Melville nurseries...... 109 LCA 86 South Melville ...... 113 LCA 88 Smeaton Farmland...... 117 LCA 95: Old Craighall...... 121

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APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Evaluation form for Stage 2 landscape character areas

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Land Use Consultants in association with Carol Anderson have been commissioned by Midlothian Council on behalf of the Edinburgh and the Lothians Structure Plan Joint Liaison Committee (ELSPJLC), and subsequently by the Interim Edinburgh and South East of Scotland Strategic Development Plan Joint Committee (IESESSDPJC), now replaced by SESplan Joint Committee, to undertake the Edinburgh Green Belt Study. The Edinburgh Green Belt Study is a landscape based assessment and is one element within a wider suite of projects which will inform the new Strategic Development Plan for the Edinburgh and South East of Scotland area. 1.2. The purpose of the study is to undertake a landscape based review of the Edinburgh Green Belt within the terms of the SPP21 Green Belts. The SPP, which was published in April 2006 and replaced the longstanding advice set out in Circular 24/85, places an emphasis on defining Green Belt boundaries that can be sustained in the long-term (at least 20 years). It is therefore important that any review of the Green Belt is informed both by an understanding of which areas are most important when considered against Green Belt objectives and an understanding of those areas which are less critical and which may have the potential to accommodate planned, long term growth. 1.3. The Edinburgh Green Belt study comprises two discrete elements. The first identified those areas that, when judged against relevant SPP21 policy objectives, are of greatest importance. The findings from this stage of the study are set out in Edinburgh Green Belt Study Stage 1 Report (2008). 1.4. This report sets out the findings of the second stage of the project, which focused on those areas which meet the SPP21 policy objectives to a lesser degree and explores these areas’ potential capacity to accommodate built development.

Study parameters 1.5. Since the commencement of the Study in August 2007 there has been significant advancement on three replacement local plans, all of which will impact on the GB boundary. The following bullet points summarise the stages of the three local plans.

• The replacement East Lothian Local Plan is expected to be adopted by the end October 2008;

• The replacement Midlothian Local Plan (also replacing Shawfair Local Plan) is expected to be adopted by the end 2008.

• The Edinburgh City Local Plan is currently at local inquiry, and there is potential for some changes to the Green Belt. 1.6. However in order to ensure consistency throughout the study, the steering group agreed that the Green Belt as set out in the adopted local plans at the time the study commenced would be used throughout the project.

1 1.7. The emerging changes to the Green Belt resulting from the housing and economic land allocations within the local plans do not necessarily reflect areas identified as having landscape capacity for development in this study. However this should be taken within the context of the study parameters which identified only those sites having landscape potential for residential development. Landscape capacity is only one factor which needs to be considered when allocating land. 1.8. The remainder of this report comprises the following sections:

• Section 2 – Method and Approach

• Section 3 – Assessment results and conclusions 1.9. This report includes the evaluation tables for each of the 27 landscape character areas which have been included in the second stage of assessment.

2. METHOD

2.1. This section of the report sets out the method and approach for Stage 2 of the assessment. The following diagram provides an overview of the project stages for Stage 2 of the study.

Development of assessment Pilot and agree framework assessment framework

Evaluation of Stage 2 Updated LCA landscape character areas

Field survey

LCA with potential capacity for development identified

Stage 2 Report and maps

Evaluation framework 2.2. A framework was developed to evaluate the landscape character areas’ landscape capacity to accommodate development. 2.3. Appendix 1 illustrates the evaluation framework which was used in the assessment and the decision rules used to inform the process. The evaluation framework was agreed with the client group and piloted prior to its application. The evaluation is based on the assessment of landscape capacity to accommodate residential development, however where residential development would be unsuitable in landscape terms, but other development types may be acceptable this is noted in the text. The criteria for assessment are summarised below.

• the impact of development on the local and wider landscape character and setting;

• the impact of development on existing settlement form and boundaries;

• the relative visibility and prominence of the area in question, both locally and in the wider landscape;

3 • the relationship between the area in question and the broader pattern of settlement, open space, access networks and land use;

• the potential role of existing or additional landscape features (such as structural landscaping) in integrating (not necessarily concealing) development within the local and wider landscape.

• both the current and potential role of the Forest Habitat Network (FHN). 2.4. The results of the landscape character evaluation have been drawn together to provide a description and justification of those areas which, in landscape terms, have been identified as having potential capacity to accommodate development.

Assessment Process 2.5. The assessment drew on the information in the Edinburgh Green Belt Landscape Character Assessment (2008) and the results of the Stage 1 assessment tables, as set out in Edinburgh Green Belt Study Stage 1 Report (2008). 2.6. The criteria to identify LCA to take forward to Stage 2 of the study was defined as LCA which score less than or equal to 67% for the character score and the open space score. These LCA are listed in Table 2.1 and these are illustrated in an overview map, Figure 2.1. 2.7. The use of scores to identify those areas which were taken forward to Stage 2 of the study was a tool to narrow the scope of the study, and it is recognised that some of the landscapes which are taken forward to Stage 2 have qualities or features which make them unsuitable for accommodating future development. This is explored in more detail in the assessment tables and the landscape character areas are sub divided where appropriate to indicate differences in the sensitivities of the areas. 2.8. Table 2.1 lists those landscape character areas which were taken through to Stage 2:

Table 2.1 Stage 2 Landscape Character Areas Forest Condition Habitat Ref Landscape Character enhancement Open space Network Open space no Type Landscape Character Area potential potential potential Character score score 6 Lowland farmland Cammo fringe farmland Yes yes yes 52 33 8 Lowland farmland Lennie golf course Yes yes no 62 67 9 Lowland farmland West Craigs farmland Yes yes yes 38 50 11 Rural outcrop hills Craigie Hill Yes no no 67 67 14 Settled farmland South Queensferry fragmented farmland Yes no yes 33 50 17 Lowland farmland Newton farmland Yes yes yes 57 50 21 Policy landscape Craigiehall policies Yes no yes 67 58 26 Policy Landscape Dalmahoy policies Yes no no 67 58 27 Rolling farmland Gowanhill farmland Yes yes yes 48 67 30 Settled farmland East Hermiston farmland Yes no no 33 58 31 Rolling farmland Baberton farmland Yes no yes 67 58 43 Settled farmland Broomhill farmland Yes no yes 57 42 44 Rolling farmland Burdiehouse farmland Yes yes yes 57 50 45 Settled farmland Brunstane farmland Yes yes no 62 67 46 Lowland farmland Danderhall settled farmland Yes yes yes 43 42 47 Settled farmland Craigmillar farmland Yes yes yes 52 50 72 Settled farmland Airport no no yes 33 50 77 Settled farmland Bush Estate Yes yes yes 67 67 78 Policy landscape Glencorse Yes no no 67 67 79 Recreational open space Glencorse Golf Course Yes yes yes 67 42 80 Rolling farmland Damhead Yes yes yes 67 42 81 Lowland farmland Roslin farmland Yes yes yes 67 58 83 Settled farmland Edgefield Yes yes yes 57 50 85 Settled farmland Melville nurseries Yes no yes 57 50 86 Settled farmland South Melville Yes yes yes 57 67 88 Settled farmland Smeaton farmland Yes no yes 67 50 95 Settled farmland Old Craighall Yes yes yes 52 33

Presentation of results 2.9. The results of the assessment are presented in a tabular format for each LCA, which provides a description and justification of those areas which, in landscape terms, had been identified as having potential capacity to accommodate residential development and an annotated site map with photographs. 2.10. Where appropriate the landscape character areas have been subdivided into smaller units and labelled to allow cross reference with the assessment tables, to allow the exploration of area specific issues. The areas indicated on the maps as having ‘landscape capacity for development’ identify areas of search only, and are not intended to identify specific sites. 2.11. The annotated maps illustrate potential landscape capacity for development only and further consideration should be given to other factors which influence capacity for development. More detailed investigation should be carried out to determine site specific siting and landscaping, should development be taken forward within any of the areas identified. Potential areas for enhancement of the forest habitat network are also illustrated and these indicate areas where additional connections and links could be created to join the existing resource. In order to maintain the clarity of the maps the existing forest habitat network is not illustrated.

3. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION 3.1. This chapter of the report sets out the results of the evaluation of each of the Stage 2 Edinburgh Green Belt landscape character areas within the assessment framework. 3.2. Table 3.1 provides a summary of the findings of the landscape capacity for development for each of the landscape character areas, however this must be read in conjunction with the detailed information provided in each assessment table and is based solely on consideration of landscape issues. Development capacity will also be influenced by other planning, access and infrastructural issues. 3.3. The assessment identified a number of common themes which would limit the landscape capacity for development within the Stage 2 landscape character areas and these are summarised below:

• Development within the all or part of the landscape character area would reduce visual and perceptual separation between settlements, however in some places this is already compromised by existing or proposed development.

• Development within all or part of the landscape character area would be visually prominent, and visible in key views from major transport routes.

• Development within all or part of the landscape character would have no physical or visual association with existing settlement.

• Residential development would be out of character with the existing and surrounding land uses, however business or industrial development may be appropriate.

11 Table 3.1 Summary of findings

Landscape Ref Character Landscape Summary of findings (must be read in conjunction with no Type Character Area assessment tables) Limited landscape capacity for development adjoining edge of Lowland Cammo fringe Barnton, subject to landscape enhancement and boundary 6 farmland farmland treatment and retaining key views from A902. The landscape associations with Cammo policies, Lowland recreational value as a golf course and relative elevation of 8 farmland Lennie golf course landform result in no landscape capacity for development. Lowland West Craigs The rural character and visibility of this area means that 9 farmland farmland there is no capacity for development. The rural character and visual connections with the wider policy influenced landscapes, combined with the relatively Rural outcrop high visibility of this area means that there is no capacity for 11 hill Craigie Hill development. Limited landscape capacity for development adjacent to existing settlement edge of South Queensferry. The other areas of this landscape are physically and visually separate from settlement and residential development would be South Queensferry inappropriate although industrial or business use could 14 Settled farmland farmland potentially be accommodated. Lowland High level of integrity and rural character and therefore 17 farmland Newton farmland there is no landscape capacity for development. Very limited capacity to accommodate development associated with the existing built core. Very important that the integrity of the landscape is maintained as part of the 21 Policy landscape Craigiehall policies rural landscape to the west of Edinburgh. Very limited capacity to accommodate development associated with the existing built core. Very important that Policy the integrity of the landscape is maintained as part of the 26 Landscape Dalmahoy policies wider rural landscape to the west of Edinburgh. Limited capacity to accommodate new development as an 27 Rolling farmland Gowanhill farmland extension to Currie and small scale extension to Balerno. This area lacks association with existing settlement and further development within this area would fragment the landscape and reduce the strength of the existing edge East Hermiston provided by the A720, and as a result there is no landscape 30 Settled farmland farmland capacity for development. Limited landscape capacity for development to the north of Currie. The lower slopes of this landscape character area are prominent and play an important role in maintaining an 31 Rolling farmland Baberton farmland undeveloped edge to the west of the city bypass. The visual prominence and role of this area in providing landscape setting to Edinburgh and the Pentlands results in 43 Settled farmland Broomhill farmland no landscape capacity for development. There is limited capacity for residential development on the shallow south east facing slopes above Burdiehouse village, Burdiehouse and west of the A701, and also on the north west facing 44 Rolling farmland farmland slopes above Burdiehouse Burn, and north of Loanhead. This landscape provides setting for Newhailes and plays a key role in maintaining separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh, and as a result there is no landscape capacity 45 Settled farmland Brunstane farmland for development. Lowland Danderhall settled This landscape is largely influenced by the future change 46 farmland farmland which will occur in this area. Parts of the landscape will play

a significant role in providing setting and foreground in views to the city from the south or are elevated and development would have significant visual impacts, therefore there is no landscape capacity for development. There is no identified landscape capacity for development. The area has a potentially increasing access and open space 47 Settled farmland Craigmillar farmland role, if existing plans for the area are finalised and completed. Further business and industrial character development could be accommodated within this landscape, however residential 72 Settled farmland Airport development would be out of character with the area. The strong policy structure contains business and research units and residential development would conflict with the 77 Settled farmland Bush Estate existing development pattern. This is an intimate rural landscape which comprises one of a series of policy influenced landscapes which surround Penicuik and contributes to the separation between the more developed landscape of Bush Estate and Penicuik, and 78 Policy landscape Glencorse development within this area would conflict with this role. This landscape provides a continuation of the policy influenced landscapes which surround Penicuik and Recreational Glencorse Golf separation between the settlements of Milton Bridge and 79 open space Course Auchendinny. There is limited landscape capacity for development in this landscape in association with Bilston, provided that visual 80 Rolling farmland Damhead separation between Bilston and Loanhead is maintained. There is limited landscape capacity for development to the west of Roslin, contained by landform and existing woodland. This is a varied landscape character area, parts of which have Lowland an important role in providing setting to Roslin chapel and 81 farmland Roslin farmland glen, and in views to the Pentland hills. There is limited capacity to accommodate some development on the eastern edge of Loanhead towards the Wading Burn, and at Melville Mains, although this would 83 Settled farmland Edgefield conflict with the existing recreational use of the area. There is limited capacity to accommodate additional business or retail development within this landscape, however residential development would be out of character with this 85 Settled farmland Melville nurseries area. There is potential to accommodate development within the southern extent of this area however this would further reduce the physical and perceptual separation between 86 Settled farmland South Melville Eskbank and Lasswade. There is no landscape capacity for development within this landscape. The corridor between Thornybank and Whitecraig is fragmented by the Dalkeith by-pass and electricity transmission lines and development in this area would further reduce separation between these two areas of settlement, and the more elevated farmed slopes are visually 88 Settled farmland Smeaton farmland prominent. This landscape could accommodate some built development associated with Old Craighall however this would reduce the physical and perceptual separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh, but would not closely relate to either 95 Settled farmland Old Craighall settlement.

13 3.4. Each of the following tables sets out the results of the assessment for the Stage 2 landscape character areas. An annotated map with photographs accompanies each table and highlights key landscape issues.

LCA 6: CAMMO FRINGE FARMLAND Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Strongly influenced by built edge at Barnton and A902.

• Visually contained by rising ground to south and west.

• The landscape makes some contribution to the setting of Cammo and a foreground to views of key features of castellated tower and roundel within Cammo.

• Limited open space use or accessibility.

• Limited role as part of forest habitat network, although opportunity to increase connections to east and west.

Criteria Description

Impact of development on This area of gently undulating, open arable farmland has few distinctive features the local and wider although it has some value in providing the foreground to views of key designed landscape character and landscape features of the adjacent Cammo Estate. The features include a setting and the broader castellated tower which forms the focus of these views as well as woodlands and pattern of settlement roundel planting emphasising the knolly landform. Development would affect the View east towards A800 appreciation of these adjacent features. Housing in Barnton abuts this area to the north and the A902 forms the boundary to existing settlement within the Drumbrae area to the east. The extension of the settlement edge into this area would not conflict with the existing settlement pattern in that present housing in the Barnton area is generally associated with the lower lying land and avoids the wooded hills of Cammo and Lennie. Housing to the east of the A902 is situated on gently rising slopes although it is not visually prominent.

Impact of development on Housing on the northern edge of this area is unscreened and highly visible. There existing settlement form is a degree of containment to housing to the east, provided by planting and and boundaries emphasised by the A902.

The knolly landform and woodlands of Cammo and Lennie Hill to the west and the ridge of West Craigs to the south of this area could provide a robust edge to development. Potential to create a new containing edge within the character area is limited due to the openness of farmland and advance woodland planting would be necessary should only part of the site be developed.

Relative visibility and This area is highly visible from the A902, from housing on the edge of Barnton and prominence of the area in from recreational routes within part of the Cammo estate. However, the existing question both locally and in settlement edge and the A902 already forms a key component of these views and the wider landscape views are generally not widespread being restricted by the West Craigs ridge, Lennie Hill and Cammo Park.

Relationship between the Cammo Walk a narrow road on the edge of this area provides access to a car area in question and open park and paths within Cammo Park, adjacent to this landscape. space, access networks and land use The area does not link directly to the core path networks, and does not include local access routes.

Potential role of existing or Woodland planting should be undertaken to screen and create a robust containing additional landscape edge to existing housing in Barnton. Planting of hedgerows and field trees on

15 features (such as structural farmland and along Cammo Walk would provide structure to this landscape. landscaping) in integrating Enhanced management of the walled roundel planting within the adjacent Cammo development within the Estate would increase the condition and landscape value of these features. local and wider landscape and existing and potential Creation of new FHN links in this landscape would be particularly beneficial in links with the Forest creating links between the urban area and the FHN at Lennie golf course and at Habitat Network Cammo. This could be achieved through reinforcing existing field boundaries with woodland, whilst maintaining views to the tower and roundel within Cammo. Alternatively woodland planting to screen the current settlement edge could provide a connection between the resources to the west and east.

Overall Although this area has little intrinsic landscape value it is important in providing an recommendation open uncluttered foreground to views of designed features within the Cammo estate from the A902. Steeper slopes rising to West Craigs on the southern boundary of the character area are highly visible and contribute to the strong containment provided by the wooded hills of Lennie and Cammo.

While it may be possible to site some very limited housing development only on the north-western part of this area while still retaining key views from the A902, there would be some impacts on the wider setting this area of open farmland provides to the policy woodlands of Cammo. Any housing development would need to be small in scale and of limited height to minimise intrusion on views. Woodland should be planted in advance to provide a containing edge to new and existing housing. Should development not take place adjacent to this edge, woodland planting to reduce the visual impact of the existing settlement edge and creation of a FHN link would significantly enhance the landscape character.

Limited landscape capacity for development adjoining edge of Barnton, subject to landscape enhancement, boundary treatment and maintenance of key views from A902 to Cammo.

LCA 6 Cammo Fringe Farmland

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping Strong containing edge Barnton Landscape capacity for development Local authority boundary View north east from Cammo car park to urban edge

Roundel and tower provide key focus in views from Prominent urban edge A902

Potential for small scale housing development within this area

Containing ridges

Potential locations for creating FHN links

View west from Cammo car park to A902 and wooded urban edge 17

LCA 8: LENNIE GOLF COURSE Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Provides some role as a setting to Cammo policies

• Visible in views from airport and railway

• Managed and maintained as a golf course

• Important part of the forest habitat network

Criteria Description

Impact of development on This landscape includes a series of low hills which form part of the low rise which the local and wider includes Cammo policies. Through this location the LCA provides some role as a landscape character and setting for the designed landscape of Cammo. setting and the broader pattern of settlement The existing settlement pattern within the LCA is dispersed and of low density and the landscape does not adjoin a developed edge, except the derelict properties at Turnhouse which are to be being developed as business units.

Impact of development on This LCA does not directly adjoin a settlement edge, however it does adjoin the existing settlement form airport which has a developed character. The edge of the airport is strongly and boundaries defined by mainline railway to Fife and the local road. The landscape includes a small number of scattered properties which extend along Craigs road, including Lennie cottages and Crumblands.

Relative visibility and The LCA is comparatively prominent due to its location adjacent to the airport prominence of the area in and the Fife mainline railway. It is also visible from the A8 in places. The question both locally and in landscape is also prominent through its recreational use as a golf course. the wider landscape

Relationship between the There are no physical access links between Lennie golf course and Cammo, area in question and open however the area has some visual association with the policies of Cammo. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or Due to the associations with Cammo, the character of the landscape could be additional landscape enhanced to compliment the landscape features. Reinstatement and management features (such as structural of the field boundaries including the stone walls and hedgerows. New woodland landscaping) in integrating planting has taken place on the golf course, however future management should development within the ensure that species choice and layout reflects the character of the policy woodland local and wider landscape in the surrounding area. and existing and potential links with the Forest The area includes a mix of woodland cover which is an important part of the FHN Habitat Network and connects to the resources at Cammo. FHN links to the south through West Craigs farmland should be developed to enhance the connectivity of this area.

Overall Lennie golf course has an important visual association with Cammo policies, and recommendation development within this area would diminish the landscape integrity of Cammo. In addition this is an elevated landscape, which although not highly prominent would become conspicuous with the addition of built development. The landscape also has current open space value through its use as a golf course.

No landscape capacity for development.

LCA 8 Lennie golf course

Key Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary View south east from Turnhouse to golf course

Densely wooded edge Recreational value as a golf course Low hills associated with Cammo policies

Composting facility operates within this site partially Area physically and perceptually screened trees detached from settlement

View north west from Craigs Road to golf 21 course

LCA 9: WEST CRAIGS FARMLAND Area A lies to the south of the A8

Area B lies to the north of the A8 and south of the Fife mainline railway line

Area C lies to the north of the Fife mainline railway line

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Highly fragmented landscape influenced by transport corridors, airport and industrial development

• Generally well managed farmland, however of low scenic quality

• Visually contained to the north by the low ridge of West Craigs

• Castle Gogar provides a distinctive local landscape feature

• Limited recreational and open space use

• Potential to enhance role as part of the forest habitat network

Criteria Description

Impact of development on This is an often fragmented landscape with farmland interrupted by transport the local and wider corridors, the airport and industrial development. Area A forms part of a less landscape character and fragmented expansive rural area south of the A8 while Area B is currently in flux setting and the broader with tram accommodation works taking place. Area C forms part of the more pattern of settlement rolling landform characteristic of the rural area to the north-west of Edinburgh. Stone farmsteads and the early 17th century tower house of Castle Gogar are distinctive landscape features within this character area.

Although this area has a rural character with dispersed farms and generally well- managed farmland, built development associated with the airport is highly visible within this open landscape. Some industrial and commercial development is also visible on the edge of Edinburgh. The RBS HQ and golf course set within wooded grounds form part of the character of the adjacent Gogar area.

New development within this character area would be visually and physically dislocated from housing within the city and would diminish the more rural aspects of this landscape.

Impact of development on To the east of Gogar the edge of Edinburgh is physically contained by the A720 existing settlement form and, in the main, by the A902. Some industrial and housing development is located and boundaries in the Maybury area to the west of the A902 although this is partially contained by the knolly landform of West Craigs.

Lennie Hill and the ridge of West Craigs (along Craigs Road) could provide a robust northern boundary to settlement located on lower south-west facing slopes in Area C, although other boundaries would be less contained in this open landscape. Development located on this ridge and the pronounced knolly ground of West Craigs would diminish the containment provided against the western edge of Edinburgh and would be contrary to the existing settlement pattern which generally avoids the more elevated knolly ground in this area.

The gently undulating low lying farmland in Areas A and B is very open in character. The airport, railway and A8 have potential to form physical boundaries

23 rather than a robust visually containing edge to any development in this area.

Mass housing development located in all these sub-areas would however be physically and visually divorced from Edinburgh and would extend the settlement edge westwards and thus coalesce with the built development around the airport.

Relative visibility and Areas A and B are visible from the A8 on the approach to Edinburgh although a prominence of the area in subtle ridge tends to screen views of Area B in places from this route. There are question both locally and in open views of Area C from the railway. While this character area as a whole tends the wider landscape not to form the focus of views, with the airport and RBS development at Gogar being more dominant features, it is important in forming the approach to the city from the airport.

Relationship between the The area includes the A8 core path link but not well connected to local paths. area in question and open There is little recreational use of this area. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or Woodland planting, particularly to emphasise the elevated West Craigs ridge, additional landscape avenue planting along roads and restoration of stone walls and other field features (such as structural boundaries would enhance the landscape character. Clearance of invasive giant landscaping) in integrating hogweed along the Gogar Burn and planting of riparian woodland would increase development within the the landscape value of this feature. local and wider landscape and existing and potential In relation to the role of woodlands as part of the FHN, to the south of the links with the Forest airport the area incorporates a woodland generalist link which connects to the Habitat Network airport. To the north the area is very sparsely wooded. Connections through the area could be greatly enhanced, particularly on the low ridge to the north of the airport, along the railway and A8 corridors.

Overall There is no capacity to accommodate development within Area A due to its recommendation openness and association with the expansive tract of farmland with a strongly rural character which extends south of the A8.

The landscape of Area B may appear more fragmented as new transportation projects (Tram and ‘Park and Ride’) are completed. However, mass housing development within this area would be contrary to the existing settlement pattern and would appear to visually coalesce with buildings associated with the airport. Other less dense forms of high quality development may be more appropriate although it is not within the scope of this study to assess this.

While housing development within Area C could be located to minimise visual impacts by utilising the containment of the ridge of West Craigs to the north, it would be open to views from the south and would extend the edge of the city to visually coalesce with commercial development within the Turnhouse area. Housing situated on the elevated knolly landform around West Craigs farm would be particularly visible and would diminish the containing edge this area provides to the city. Development in this area would result in further extension of the existing settlement edge of Edinburgh.

No landscape capacity for development.

LCA 9 West Craigs

Key Castle Gogar Green belt

Landscape character area Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary View south west from Craigs Road across farmland to A8

C Ridge contains views to north Low rise limits views to B north from A8 Slopes visible in views from south A

Tram depot works

Policy influences associated A8 with Norton House

View south to Norton from Royal Highland View north west from access road to Showground 25 Gogar Mains

LCA 11 CRAIGIE HILL Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Small outcrop hill with densely wooded ridge and farmed lower slopes

• Strong visual links with the policies of Craigiehall and Dalmeny

• Extensive views over the wooded Almond Valley to the City, Firth of Forth and Pentland Hills

• Waymarked trails within the wooded ridge provide recreational value

Criteria

Impact of development on The elongated ridge of this hill is distinguished by dense woodland cover. Although the local and wider the landform has been modified by quarrying, this is largely screened by this landscape character and woodland. Roads cut into the southern and northern hill slopes. To the east, the setting and the broader flanking slopes below West Craigie Farm are used for soft fruit cultivation and pattern of settlement include some polytunnels. Despite some modification, this landscape has a strongly rural character and strong historic and visual associations with the adjacent designed landscape of Dalmeny. Craigie Hill forms part of the broad swathe of rolling policy landscapes which provide a high quality setting on the north-western edge of Edinburgh. Development within this character area would adversely affect the rural character and integrity of this landscape setting.

Impact of development on This landscape has a distinctly rural character and does not lie close to existing existing settlement form settlements. Development in this area would therefore be contrary to the existing and boundaries settlement form and divorced from Edinburgh. The deeply incised and densely wooded course of the River Almond, accentuated by the wooded policies of Cammo, Dalmeny and Craigiehall, currently forms a robust edge to settlement which would be transgressed by development in this area.

Relative visibility and Craigie Hill rises to the north of the open and flat Almond valley and is therefore prominence of the area in highly visible from this area. It is also prominent in views from the busy A90, a key question both locally and in approach to the City. Development on the open hill slopes (which would be more the wider landscape technically feasible to develop than the steeper wooded ridge) would be visually prominent. While it may be possible to site development to utilise screening from woodland (for example within the former quarry area) impacts on landscape character would arise as the integrity of the more naturalistic characteristic of the wooded ridge would be diminished.

Relationship between the Way marked footpaths and an Iron Age Fort are present within the wooded ridge, area in question and open and the site is identified as a Site of importance for Nature Conservation within space, access networks and the Rural West Edinburgh Local Plan. land use

Potential role of existing or The wooded ridge of Craigie Hill plays an important role as part of the Forest additional landscape Habitat Network, however opportunities exist to create links with the FHN at features (such as structural Craigiehall. These links could be developed through the planting of field trees to landscaping) in integrating accentuate the links with the policy woodlands of Craigiehall and Dalmeny. development within the local and wider landscape and existing and potential links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall Although modified to some degree, this small outcrop hill has a distinctly rural

27 recommendation character and makes a strong contribution to the high quality scenic setting to Edinburgh. Development within this landscape would be highly visible, lack association with existing settlement and would conflict with the rural character of this area.

No landscape capacity for development

LCA 11 Craigie Hill

Cluster of farm buildings

View north to Craigie Hill

Policy woodlands of Sinuous wooded Craigiehall, Cammo and ridge Dalmeny provide visual links to this area

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary View south west across farmed slopes and wooded ridge 29 30

LCA 14 SOUTH QUEENSFERRY FARMLAND Area A: North of A90

Area B: South of A90 and west of railway

Area C: South of A90 and east of railway

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Highly fragmented landscape influenced by transport corridors and industrial land uses

• Lack of distinctive landscape features

• Only a small part of the area has a visual and physical relationship with South Queensferry

• Some recreational and open space use

Criteria

Impact of development on The landscape slopes gently down from the edge of South Queensferry to a largely the local and wider flat area which is fragmented by a mixture of land used and severed by a number landscape character and of transport routes. The landscape includes the steeply bunded oil storage depot, setting and the broader the industrial units at Royal Elizabeth Yard interspersed with fields, some under pattern of settlement cultivation and some fallow. The settlement edge of South Queensferry extends over a low rise at the south of the settlement. The fragmented character of the landscape means that different parts of the area have different capacity for development. An extension to the settlement within Area A would not conflict with the existing settlement pattern. Area B is isolated from the existing settlement and the Royal Elizabeth Yard by the roads and rail and is both visually and perceptually a separate area. Area C is also isolated from settlement by the railway lines and development within this area would be out of character with the wider landscape pattern and character.

Impact of development on The existing settlement pattern is not closely related to landform or key features. existing settlement form The current residential edge of South Queensferry does not form a strong and boundaries boundary as it steps over the crest of a low ridge and does not adjoin a clear boundary feature. The nearest logical boundary feature from the existing settlement edge is the distinctive wooded avenue which extends from Dalmeny to the A90. The A90 could also form a boundary feature however it is elevated on embankment and would have amenity implications for adjacent development. Area C is enclosed by the two railway lines and the Royal Elizabeth Yard and does not relate to any existing areas of settlement.

Relative visibility and The A90, M9 spur and railway lines mean that this is a highly visible landscape with prominence of the area in a large number of receptors. question both locally and in the wider landscape

Relationship between the Area A includes the important access route which connects the southern area of area in question and open South Queensferry to Dalmeny along the tree lined avenue. Parts of Area A have space, access networks and a strong visual association with the developed edge of South Queensferry. None land use of the areas provide association with existing areas of open space, although area A is used for informal recreation.

Potential role of existing or Within Area A the distinctive tree lined avenue and remnant field trees are additional landscape important landscape features which provide key links to the policy landscape at features (such as structural Dundas and Dalmeny. The creation of tree lined roads within a residential

31 landscaping) in integrating development would reflect his character. There is little landscape structure within development within the Areas B and C, although a strong woodland belt demarcates the southern local and wider landscape boundary of Area B. The woodland belts provide a number of components for and existing and potential the FHN and these connections should be protected and enhanced. links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall Within this landscape character area, Area A has the greatest capacity to recommendation accommodate residential development adjacent to the built edge of South Queensferry, however this area performs some function as open space. Area B is isolated from settlement and Area C is also visually and perceptually isolated from settlement, although industrial or business use could potentially be accommodated.

Limited landscape capacity for development adjacent to existing settlement edge of South Queensferry.

LCA 14 South Queensferry Farmland

Residential development breaks skyline

View north to edge of South Queensferry View west along footpath between Dalmeny and South Queensferry

Densely wooded edge A Avenue planting with potential to be enhanced Low lying compared to through management and surrounding roads B replacement planting

New A800 road link C

Area south of A90 physically and perceptually detached from settlement Key

Green belt

Landscape character area Industrial features of Royal Elizabeth Yard and oil storage bunds influence landscape Potential FHN link or landscaping character Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

View west to A800 33 34

LCA 17: NEWTON FARMLAND Area A: North of Dundas policies and south of South Queensferry

Area B: South of Dundas policies and north of M9

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Some urban influences, however largely intact and well managed farmland

• Provides foreground to wooded policies of Dundas

• Lack of visual association with South Queensferry, Edinburgh of Kirkliston

• Visible from M9 and A704

• Some recreational and open space use

• Potential to enhance role as part of the forest habitat network

Criteria

Impact of development on Only two relatively small parts of this landscape character area lie within the the local and wider Green Belt. Although there are some urban influences where this area lies close to landscape character and the A904 and South Queensferry and the M9 corridor, in general this landscape setting and the broader has a strong rural character. Well-managed, gently undulating farmland has a pattern of settlement distinct integrity due to the lack of fragmentation by built development. This landscape provides a wider setting to the wooded policies of the Dundas Castle estate. Development within this area would affect the integrity and rural character of this landscape. There may be some future change within this area due to the construction of road links associated with the proposed Replacement Forth Bridge crossing.

South Queensferry abuts the A904 which forms the northern boundary of Area A. This settlement is associated with the north-facing slopes of the Firth of Forth. Development in Area A would extend settlement onto slightly slacker slopes and further away from its strong visual association with the Firth.

The closest settlement to Area B is Kirkliston which is associated with the lower ground of the Almond valley. Settlement expansion onto the more elevated slopes of Area B would be contrary to this association. It would also be divided by the corridor of the M9.

Impact of development on The A904 provides a physical edge to South Queensferry. The steeper slopes to existing settlement form the north of Kirkliston and below the motorway form a degree of containment to and boundaries this settlement.

The policy woodlands of the Dundas Castle estate have potential to form a backdrop and containing edge for new development within Area A. Area B is more elevated and open.

Relative visibility and The gentle slopes of Area A limit views from the Forth Road Bridge and Fife prominence of the area in (although the woodlands of Dundas estate are a strong visual feature in these question both locally and in views). There are views of Area A from the A904 and A90. Minor roads and the wider landscape tracks within this area are used by walkers and cyclists.

Area B is highly visible from the M9 which is on an embankment close to this area and from Kirkliston. There may be some limited recreational use of a track within

35 this area.

Relationship between the A network of footpaths and bridleways are evident. Westmuir Riding school and area in question and open fishing on the reservoirs broadens the scope for recreation in this area. space, access networks and land use The areas have links with the Dundas Castle estate as evidenced by occasional roundel planting and possible estate buildings.

Potential role of existing or Both areas have strong policy associations and management of woodlands and field additional landscape boundaries would enhance the landscape character. features (such as structural landscaping) in integrating The area itself contains very limited and isolated areas of the FHN, however the development within the two areas adjoin the rich woodland resource of Dundas. Opportunities for local and wider landscape enhancement include developing links along the M9 and A904 corridors whilst and existing and potential maintaining views to Dundas policies. links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall Development would affect the integrity and rural character of both Areas A and B. recommendation While development in Area A could be contained by woodland to the south, it would extend South Queensferry onto slightly slacker slopes and further away from its strong visual association with the Firth.

Area B is an elevated and highly visible landscape. Development within this area would be severed from the closest settlement of Kirkliston by the M9 and would not accord with the association of this settlement with the Almond valley.

No landscape capacity for development.

LCA 17 Newton Farmland

A904

A Developed edge falls towards coast

View east towards bridges

Densely wooded edge

Lack of physical or visual relationship with Kirkliston to south

Key B

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge M9 Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

View east towards edge of Dundas policies 37 38

LCA 21 CRAIGIEHALL POLICIES Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Inventory listed designed landscape surrounding Craigiehall House, modified by its use as a MOD establishment

• Strong landscape framework provided by the policy woodlands and visual links with surrounding policies of Cammo and Dalmeny and the wooded Almond Valley

• Limited views into the landscape, however it contributes to the wider rural landscape of west Edinburgh.

Criteria

Impact of development on The Craigiehall policies lie to the north of the River Almond on the lower slopes the local and wider of the valley. While this designed landscape is dominated by MOD development, landscape character and the remnant woodlands and well-managed farmland of this character area are setting and the broader valuable in the contribution they make to the distinctive broad swathe of policy pattern of settlement influenced landscapes which form a high quality landscape setting on the north- western periphery of Edinburgh. Existing built development is principally clustered around Craigiehall House and largely screened by trees, although some residential properties are dispersed within former parkland and farmland. Further small scale housing development at the core of the estate would not conflict with the existing much modified core of this character area, however the integrity of the more intact surrounding farmland and woodlands should be conserved as these features are important in providing a high quality setting to the City. In particular, open parkland and meadows adjacent to the River Almond are important in providing a contrast with the wooded enclosure of the valley found to the north-east.

Impact of development on Existing development is centred around Craigiehall House and walled garden, and existing settlement form along the estate access roads. The existing development within the landscape and boundaries extends over a small area and is largely visually contained by the landform and policy woodlands.

Some very limited small scale residential development in this area could potentially be accommodated in landscape terms, provided this was closely related to the existing buildings and could be contained by wooded policies, so that it did not appear as an extension to the city. The wooded course of the River Almond currently forms a strong and defensible boundary to the city edge.

Relative visibility and Views into the landscape are limited, as the main area of existing development lies prominence of the area in within a subtle dip in the landform, and the policy woodlands serve to further question both locally and in restrict views into the landscape. the wider landscape There are glimpsed views from the A90, and the landscape is visible from the River Almond walkway. These vistas should be kept free from development to maintain the scenic quality of these views.

Relationship between the The River Almond core path lies at the periphery of Craigiehall, however access area in question and open within the landscape is restricted due to the MOD use of the site. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The existing policy woodlands provide a strong landscape framework for the area, additional landscape however improved management of the woodlands would enhance the landscape features (such as structural role of these features. In addition enhanced management of the parkland trees

39 landscaping) in integrating and meadows close to the River Almond would contribute positively to the overall development within the landscape character. local and wider landscape and existing and potential The policy woodlands already play an important role as part of the FHN. The links with the Forest creation of additional links between the existing FHN resource north and south Habitat Network and through the centre of the landscape would further increase the role of this area.

Overall The existing more clustered development at the core of this landscape character recommendation area, combined with the strong landscape framework provided by the policy woodlands provide some very limited opportunity for development associated with the existing buildings. However in order to maintain the wider rural character of the wider landscape to the west of Edinburgh, the scope for development is limited to a very small number of units. Furthermore any development would have to be within the existing framework of the current MoD development.

Very limited landscape capacity for development

LCA 21 Craigiehall

View east along entrance drive View west to Craigiehall House

Strong landscape framework Historic core with MOD provided by policy woodlands buildings

MOD residential development Remnant parkland

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

View west across riverside parkland 41 42

LCA 26 DALMAHOY POLICIES Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• An Inventory listed designed landscape with recreational use centred on the historic core, and extensive policy influenced farmland surrounding it.

• The setting of historic buildings is compromised by hotel development, golf course and car parking.

• Wooded policies greatly enrich the wider rural landscape to the west of Edinburgh.

Criteria

Impact of development on This landscape comprises extensive policy woodlands, farmland with historic the local and wider buildings and remnant parkland at its core. The setting of these historic buildings landscape character and and landscape features at the core of the designed landscape is compromised by setting and the broader modern hotel buildings, car parking and a golf course although the wider policies pattern of settlement have a distinctly rural character.

Development potential is severely limited because this character area is divorced from existing settlement and development would impact on the wider integrity and scenic richness this policy influenced landscape provides to the wider rural setting west of Edinburgh. Although additional built development could be accommodated more easily at the core of this landscape as it is already significantly modified, housing development may contrast with the built character of hotel and recreational buildings. There is also limited scope to utilise wooded policies to immediately contain new development due to the immaturity of much planting at the core of the estate.

Impact of development on Existing areas of development lie to the south at Currie and east at Riccarton existing settlement form Campus. Development at Riccarton is strongly defined and contained by the and boundaries perimeter of policy woodlands. There is limited visual connection between this landscape and existing settlements and residential development would therefore be isolated. The city by-pass currently forms a strong boundary to the edge of Edinburgh. While a small amount of housing could be accommodated, this should be strongly associated with the existing hotel and recreational buildings at the core of the estate.

Relative visibility and Dalmahoy can be seen from some elevated locations to the north, for example prominence of the area in from the Ratho Hills, however it is not prominent within the wider landscape. question both locally and in The woodlands of this designed landscape coalesce and make an important the wider landscape contribution to the scenic quality of the wider Green Belt found to the west of Edinburgh which has a strong rural character and integrity.

A boundary wall and policy woodlands limit local views particularly from the A71 which is aligned along the northern boundary.

Relationship between the The main house is run as a country club and there is a golf course within the area in question and open grounds which provides some access and enjoyment value. The grounds to the space, access networks and east include a polo field and are also used for showing and competitions. land use

Potential role of existing or The policy woodlands provide a strong landscape framework, and the peripheral additional landscape woodlands and estate wall limit the visibility of this landscape and contain the features (such as structural existing development. The policy woodlands contribute to the FHN, however landscaping) in integrating connections from the surrounding landscapes to this resource would create development within the valuable links and increase the overall landscape value of the surrounding area.

43 local and wider landscape Improved management of the policy woodlands, avenue plantings and parkland and existing and potential would enhance the landscape. links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall This area has a strong rural character which makes an important contribution to recommendation the wider rural landscape to the west of Edinburgh. Modern development compromises the historic setting to the mansion house at the core of this designed landscape although the influence of this development across the whole of the character area is limited in extent. A small number of residential properties could be accommodated at the core of the estate, however housing development may contrast with the built character of hotel and recreational buildings. Furthermore any additional development should avoid the creation of features which would be prominent in distant views, as the lack of maturity of the landscaping in this area provides limited scope to contain development. Development sited within the wider largely unmodified policies of Dalmahoy would significantly affect the rural character and rich landscape setting found to the west of Edinburgh and would conflict with the rural landscape character.

LCA 26 Dalmahoy Policies

A71

Dalmahoy House and car park View west from Warriston

Historic core with country club, hotel and golf course development

Car parking and hotel development affect integrity and setting of mansion house Distant view south east from Ratho Hills to west to Dalmahoy (hotel buildings visible in mid distance) Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping Policy influenced farmland Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Dalmahoy car park Local authority boundary 45 46

LCA 27: GOWANHILL FARMLAND Area A: Between Balerno and Currie

Area B: Fields north of Pilmuir

Area C: Remainder of landscape character area

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Partly fragmented landscape character influenced by electricity transmission lines, railway and urban fringes of Currie with low scenic quality

• High intervisibility with Currie, and provides some landscape setting for Currie and Balerno

• Largely contained landscape influenced by policy woodlands of Riccarton Campus and Dalmahoy and low ridge on which Currie is situated.

• Some recreational use and links to adjacent networks

• Plays some role as part of the forest habitat network, and with some potential to enhance links across the area

Criteria

Impact of development on This character area comprises the valley of the Murray Burn. It has a more rural the local and wider character to the west as housing on the fringes of Balerno is less visible than that landscape character and within Currie to the east. A strong enclosure pattern of hedgerows, woodlands setting and the broader and field trees is present on north facing slopes between Currie and Balerno (Area pattern of settlement A) although in general much of this area has a fragmented character as transmission lines, railway and urban development diminish the integrity of farmland. Development could affect the more rural character prevalent to the west and diminish the distinct enclosure pattern found within Area A if sited in this part of the character area.

The historic association of Currie and Balerno with the Water of Leith has resulted in a strong linear settlement pattern to the south. 20th century development however has extended down north facing slopes and some coalescence has occurred between the settlements of Juniper Green and Currie along the A70. A narrow wedge of open space separates Currie and Balerno although there is a greater perception of this from the north than from the A70 which runs parallel to the Water of Leith.

Development in this character area could further diminish the linear form and association of Currie and Balerno with the Water of Leith valley although this has already been affected by modern development on north-facing slopes. The present separation between Currie and Balerno could also be affected should development be located within Area A.

Impact of development on The northern edge of Currie is not strongly contained although a fringe of scrub existing settlement form woodland provides an intermittent screening edge in places. Housing on the and boundaries northern edge of Balerno is largely screened by woodland.

Policy woodlands and estate walls on the edge of the Riccarton Campus and the Dalmahoy Estate provide an almost continuous backdrop and potential containing edge on the northern boundary of this character area. The slacker slopes and strong framework of hedgerows and woodlands within Area B on the northern edge of Balerno could provide a degree of containment for limited new

47 development limiting views from the surrounding rural area to the north.

Relative visibility and The valley landform and containment provided by policy woodlands generally limits prominence of the area in widespread views of this character area. There would be views from minor roads, question both locally and in from the railway and from housing within Currie and Balerno. the wider landscape

Relationship between the The minor roads within the landscape form part of NCN route 75 and includes area in question and open the Kirknewton and Riccarton on road core paths. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The distinct enclosure pattern north of Balerno could be enhanced by additional landscape management and new planting of field trees and small woodlands; this extending to features (such as structural more open farmland within the valley of the Murray Burn. landscaping) in integrating development within the Areas of broadleaved specialist woodland are located to the north, south, west local and wider landscape and east, however there are narrow and partially fragmented woodland generalist and existing and potential networks within the landscape which provide poor connection, and there is links with the Forest significant potential to enhance these links through connecting existing areas of Habitat Network woodland.

Overall There is some capacity to accommodate development within this character area. recommendation This should focus mainly on the eastern part of this area where there is a less distinct rural character and a clear association with the existing settlement of Currie could be established and where the containment offered by existing woodland at Riccarton and Dalmahoy could be utilised.

Woodlands should be planted on knolls (to further contain and provide the setting to new development) and existing transmission lines possibly undergrounded as part of a wider integrated housing development project.

While the strong enclosure framework of small fields on the northern edge of Balerno could provide a robust containing edge to new development, settlement expansion in this location (Area A) would affect the present separation between Balerno and Currie and would adversely affect this aspect of landscape character. There may be scope however to accommodate very limited settlement expansion in the Pilmuir area (Area B) where new housing is more visible from the north than other development on this northern edge of Balerno.

Existing woodland should be managed with new planting undertaken to enhance containment of the settlement edge in Area B.

Limited capacity to accommodate new development as an extension to Currie and small scale extension to Balerno.

LCA 27 Gowanhill farmland

View west at Cocklaw across farmland and slopes

View west to Currievale Low rising ground restricts views to north Landscape capacity to extend settlement

Residential development High voltage extends down slope transmission lines A

Visually contained in B Key views from north by Green belt landform and woodland

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Low knolls which could A70 be accentuated with Landscape capacity for development woodland planting Local authority boundary

49 50

LCA 30: EAST HERMISTON Area A: To the north of the M8

Area B: To the south of the M8

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Highly fragmented landscape with a range of land uses which gives impression of poor condition, however in close proximity to more intact rural landscapes

• The landscape does not contribute positively to the setting of Edinburgh

• Adjoins the wooded and embanked city bypass which provides a strong and distinctive edge to the settlement

• The area plays some role in providing access networks and connections to Edinburgh

• Extensive and well connected forest habitat network extends across the area

Criteria

Impact of development on Area A is low lying and the land rises south through Area B towards the A71. the local and wider There are some remnant tree belts and lines which reflect the policy influences in landscape character and the surrounding landscape. Area A includes built development of chicken sheds, a setting and the broader scrap yard and tool hire centre and is highly visible from the Edinburgh – Glasgow pattern of settlement railway and the city bypass which is elevated as it passes this area.

The landscape is strongly separated from the main urban area of Edinburgh by the city bypass which is elevated with wooded embankments, however the landscape already contains a number of built and industrial features. The settlement pattern in this area is different to that from the surrounding landscape around Gogar, because of the existing industrial built development which is large in scale and does not follow a defined pattern.

Impact of development on Existing settlement within the surrounding landscape is dispersed and of relatively existing settlement form low density, and the existing residential development within the landscape is of and boundaries low density.

The current settlement edge is strongly defined by the city bypass, however the landscape character area is cut by the M8 and has a fragmented character.

The minor road which runs parallel to the city bypass could form a new physical boundary, however this is not a strong landscape feature and cuts across the contours of the slope to the south. Development within the southern part of this area would also lead to coalescence along the A71 with the development at Riccarton.

Relative visibility and The landscape character area is exposed to a large number of receptors through prominence of the area in its proximity to major transport routes including the city bypass, the M8, the A71 question both locally and in and the Edinburgh – Glasgow railway line. The extensive planting alongside the the wider landscape city bypass and the varying elevations of the road mean that visibility is greatest to the north of this area. In addition the thick woodland belt to the east of the chicken sheds largely screens these in views from the east.

Relationship between the There are local paths through the LCA which provide connections to the Union area in question and open Canal Towpath and the A8 link core paths. space, access networks and The LCA has some association with the Gogar farmland to the west due to the

51 land use remnant policy influences, however there is not a strong visual association between the areas.

There are no recognised areas of open space close to the LCA.

Potential role of existing or The existing tree avenues and field trees around the chicken sheds provide links to additional landscape the policy influenced landscapes to the west and north and are particularly features (such as structural important in screening views. landscaping) in integrating development within the The landscape includes important links which provide connection for woodland local and wider landscape generalist 1km networks into the city which should be protected and there are and existing and potential opportunities for enhancement of the woodland generalist link along the A71. links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall This landscape has a number of characteristics which limit the landscape capacity recommendation for development. The landscape is separated from the main built up area of Edinburgh by the city bypass and does not form a logical continuation of the built up area.

This area is visually prominent due to the large number of receptors which experience the landscape due to the main road and rail links.

Development within the southern part of this area would lead to coalescence with the urban landscape of the park and ride at Riccarton and the Heriot – Watt campus itself, and lacks connection to residential areas.

Although the landscape already contains a number of built features, these are of an inappropriate scale and form for the landscape character area.

Further reinforcement of the existing landscape structure provided by the avenues and tree belts would enhance this landscape and soften the visual influence of the existing built features.

No landscape capacity for development.

LCA 30 East Hermiston

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development View east at Gogarburn Broiler Farm Local authority boundary A

A720 creates physical and visible boundary Trees limit views from B A720 but open views from railway Road in cut limits visibility

A71 Park and ride City bypass

View south from Union canal to View east over M8 industrial area at Edinburgh – Glasgow 53 railway 54

LCA 31 BABERTON FARMLAND Area A: North of railway

Area B: South of railway

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• From the north a series of rounded stepped ridges rise adjacent to the City bypass and below the Pentland Hills.

• A more complex landscape of low knolls and gentle folds occurs to the south of the railway, and the woodland of Baberton Golf Course provides a strong edge to the existing settlement of Baberton, Juniper Green and Currie.

• The golf course and footpaths across the area provide recreational value.

Criteria

Impact of development on This is an open area of gently rolling farmland lying to the west of the city by-pass, the local and wider and rising in a series of softly rounded stepped ridges from the A71 in the north to landscape character and the foot of the Pentland Hills to the south. The openness of the southern slopes setting and the broader of Area A limit capacity to accommodate development. To the south in Area B, pattern of settlement the landscape is more complex and is influenced by the surrounding settlement edge of Baberton, Juniper Green and Currie. Development could be accommodated within part of Area B although there are some constraints in landscape terms. Development within Baberton golf course would result in the loss of an open space resource, woodlands and remnant designed landscape features while development of the field lying between Currie and Juniper Green (marked * on the accompanying figure) would result in some loss of identity of the individual settlements. Woodland and mature trees within Baberton golf course are also important in providing visual separation and a containing edge to these settlements.

Juniper Green and Currie have a linear form strongly related to the Water of Leith. Currie has considerably extended down north-facing slopes while the modern housing development of Baberton effectively extends Juniper Green to the north-east. The separation between the settlements of Juniper Green and Currie is not perceived from the A70, however there is some separation provided by the wooded Baberton golf course when viewed from the north.

Impact of development on In Area A the current boundary with the settlement edge is strongly defined by existing settlement form the city by-pass to the east and the wooded policies of Riccarton to the west. and boundaries Development within this area would result in the extension of Edinburgh beyond this existing boundary, similar to the pattern created by Baberton, however in a visually prominent location.

Area B comprises gently north-facing slopes adjacent to existing settlement although a more complex landform of small knolls and dips occurs close to the railway line. The existing settlement edge of Currie is not strongly defined and could be extended north to the low knolls located south of the railway. These knolls could be utilised to form a new containing edge to development and could be enhanced by woodland planting. The woodlands of golf course have a strong landscape structure and form a robust boundary and containing edge to settlement which should be conserved.

While development on the field between Currie and Juniper Green (marked on

55 the map overleaf) would result in the coalescence of these settlements, in reality this separation of the two settlements is tenuous and not readily perceived from key viewpoints, for example from the A70, and would only be experienced locally. The existing transmission line may technically constrain development in this area.

Relative visibility and The rising slopes and role of this area as a distant foreground to the Pentlands, prominence of the area in combined with the proximity to the city by-pass mean that area A is particularly question both locally and in visible from surrounding transport routes. The woodland of Baberton Golf course the wider landscape provides separation between Baberton, Juniper Green and Currie and provides a setting and containing edge to these settlements in views from the north. The built edge of Currie is visible from the A71. The development of Area B would be visible from the urban edges of Baberton, Juniper Green and Currie, however the woodland of Baberton Golf Course and the undulating landform would largely contain any new development from wider view.

Relationship between the There are local paths within areas A and B providing important local access routes area in question and open and the golf course in Area B provides an open space and recreational resource. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The road corridors to the east and west of Area A, and the railway provide some additional landscape role as part of the FHN. Additional linear planting both across the slope and features (such as structural across the contours would accentuate the rolling landform and increase the role landscaping) in integrating of the area as part of the FHN. Area B has a high density of FHN and this would development within the potentially provide some landscape structure to provide a framework for local and wider landscape development to the south and west. The components of the FHN should be and existing and potential protected and enhanced. Improvements could be made to unsightly security links with the Forest fencing around the golf course and the creation of more accessible public access Habitat Network links between woodland on the perimeter of the course and existing footpaths.

Overall Area A has an open character and is highly visible from main transport routes. It recommendation provides an area of farmland at the edge of the city, adjacent to the clearly defined city edge of the by-pass. Development within this area would be visually prominent and conflict with the existing settlement pattern.

Area B has some capacity to accommodate development provided this is located in response to the landform which provides opportunity for containment from the north. While development could be located between Juniper Green and Currie this could have some effects on the perceived separation of these settlements. The wooded landscape of Baberton Golf Course should be maintained to provide landscape structure and containment.

Limited landscape capacity for development in the south of this area.

LCA 31 Baberton Farmland

High visibility from A71 and Rolling landform steps up in a city by-pass series of rounded ridges toward Baberton

View north over rolling farmland View north to low hills at railway line Edge of Edinburgh strongly defined by city by-pass A Low hills provide containment in views from north B

Urban edge prominent at edge of landscape

View east to edge of Juniper Green Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Woodland of Baberton House and Separation between A70 Potential FHN link or landscaping golf course provide strong Currie and Juniper Strong containing edge landscape feature and separation Green between settlements Landscape capacity for development View south west to Currie urban edge Local authority boundary 57 58

LCA 43: BROOMHILL FARMLAND Area A: Lies to the north of the bypass

Area B: Lies to the south of the bypass

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Partially fragmented landscape influenced by transport corridors and electricity transmission lines

• Generally well managed farmland, however lacking distinctive features or character

• Rural character contributed by low intervisibility with urban edge

• Important role in the experience of travelling along the city bypass

• Limited open space or access role

• Limited role as part of the forest habitat network, however potential to enhance links across the area and to adjoining areas

Criteria

Impact of development on Area A is characterised the influence of strong shelterbelts, large open fields and the local and wider a lack of visual association with settlement. The fields are gently rolling and the landscape character and settlement edge is largely screened by the mature woodland. The landscape has setting and the broader a strong rural character. pattern of settlement Area B has a more simple character with a less formal landscape structure and some hedgerows which are sparse in places. This area lacks association with settlement and forms an important foreground to the Pentlands in views from the east.

Impact of development on The existing settlement is visually distinct from this area and therefore new existing settlement form development in this area would not have a visual association with existing and boundaries settlement.

Relative visibility and This area is highly visible from the city bypass and there are glimpse views into prominence of the area in area A from the B701. question both locally and in the wider landscape

Relationship between the Area A has footpath links to the access network in Mortonhall, however there is area in question and open limited access to Area B. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or Area A is strongly influenced by the shelterbelts which extend through the additional landscape landscape and at the perimeter and these provide a defining feature and strong features (such as structural structure to the landscape. The perimeter woods provide FHN connections, landscaping) in integrating however further development of the FNH along the A720 would enhance the development within the potential role of this link. local and wider landscape and existing and potential The field boundaries in area B are less well defined and could be enhanced. In links with the Forest addition parts of the landscape are low lying and associated with the Pentland Habitat Network Burn and the wetland character could be enhanced. Area B does not currently play any role in the FHN. Links along the A720 and to the southern perimeter could be developed and the value of these could be further enhanced through

59 improvements outwith this area to the south east.

Overall The perimeter woods of Mortonhall provide a strong visual containing edge and recommendation screen views to the settlement edge itself. This reinforces the more rural character of the area and limits any relationship with settlement. Development within this area would be visually prominent from the A720.

Area B is open in views from the A720 and forms part of the rural character experienced when travelling along this part of the A720. This landscape has no physical or visual links with nearby settlement and development within this area would conflict with the existing settlement pattern.

No landscape capacity for development.

Note: The Finalised Midlothian Local Plan identifies the potential for development of a park and ride facility at Hillend/ Lothianburn.

LCA 43 Broomhills

B701 Tree belts limit views of settlement edge

View east from A702 to farmland adjacent to A720 A

Farmland provides View north west from Broomhills foreground in views to access road to Mortonhall policies Pentlands from A720 B

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Landscape capacity for Opportunity for development landscape enhancement Extensive views to Local authority boundary Pentlands

View south west from Broomhills access road to Pentlands

61 62

LCA 44: BURDIEHOUSE FARMLAND Area A: West of A701

Area B: North of A720

Area C: South of A720 and east of A701

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Well managed farmland fragmented by roads, the urban edge and electricity transmission lines with limited scenic quality

• Parts of this area are visible from the A720 and the urban edge at Burdiehouse

• The low ridge of Lang Loan provides a containing edge to Edinburgh and screening views from the south

• Some local access routes through this area

• Fragmented and dispersed forest habitat network with considerable potential to create links and connect to surrounding area

Criteria

Impact of development on Transmission lines, a large electricity substation, roads and the urban edge the local and wider influence landscape character. Although this area is of limited scenic quality, well landscape character and managed farmland on the south-facing hill slopes provide a simple and relatively setting and the broader uncluttered setting to Edinburgh. Development would have adverse effects on pattern of settlement this part of the character area. The intimate Straiton Pond and woodland around it provides a small pocket of diversity which would be adversely affected by close-by development to the north which would accentuate the already urban context and infrastructure which is a detractive element.

The existing settlement edge is located within the valley of the Burdiehouse Burn with some isolated development focussed on the old village of Burdiehouse to the west of the A701. Dispersed stone farmhouses and former lime kilns also feature in the landscape.

Housing on the north-west facing slopes of the Burdiehouse Burn and around the village of Burdiehouse would extend the urban edge and fit with the existing settlement pattern.

Impact of development on Long south-facing slopes, falling from a distinct ridge to the west below the Lang existing settlement form Loan, provide a robust containing edge screening the urban edge of Edinburgh in and boundaries views from the south. Avenue trees associated with Mortonhall and a slight knoll to the north of Area A provide an edge to existing housing.

The settlement edge of Gilmerton is more fragmented and visible at the top of south facing slopes while the Drum estate provides a wooded backdrop to this character area to the east.

The city by pass (A720) provides a perceptual and physical boundary between the Midlothian settlements of Loanhead and Lasswade and Edinburgh; this emphasised by the ridge of farmland rising up to the Lang Loan.

Shallower slopes within the Burdiehouse Burn valley to the north of the Lang Loan (Area B) are less important in providing a robust boundary to the city and could accommodate development. The containment provided by the ridge could

63 be accentuated by woodland planting.

Contained south-east facing slopes close to Loanhead (Area C) are visually contained and could accommodate development.

Relative visibility and The farmed south-facing slopes to the north of the A720 are highly visible from prominence of the area in the city by-pass and the A701. question both locally and in the wider landscape There are views from the residential area of Burdiehouse. The Straiton Pond Local Nature Reserve area is well-used for recreation.

Relationship between the There is some association with footpaths within the valley of the Burdiehouse area in question and open Burn. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or Woodland planting could enhance the containment of south-facing slopes additional landscape although some open views from the Lang Loan should be retained. Restoration features (such as structural of stone walls and management of hedgerows should also be undertaken. landscaping) in integrating development within the There are opportunities to enhance the links along the settlement edge to the local and wider landscape north east to the Drum and to enhance connections along Lang Loan and the and existing and potential A720. links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall In this area, the Midlothian settlements are relatively close to the southern edge recommendation of Edinburgh. Elsewhere to the west, the by-pass forms the outer boundary of the city and open green space characterises views beyond this key road. Similarly to the south-west the dramatically steep slopes of the Pentland Hills provide an open outlook. Proposed development in the Shawfair/Millerhill area will extend the city edge to the east although a band of open farmland and the Dalkeith estate provides an attractive wedge of open space either side of the by-pass to the south-east.

In this wider landscape context it is therefore important to retain the openness of south-facing slopes as a setting to the city, separation between settlements and a containing edge to the city.

There is some limited capacity however for housing to be located on the shallow south-east facing slopes above Burdiehouse village and west of the A701 (Area A). Woodland should be planted to accentuate the containment provided by the knoll in Area A.

Housing could also be located on north-west facing slopes of the Burdiehouse Burn with woodland planted along the northern edge of the Lang Loan to strengthen the new settlement edge (Area B).

Contained south-east facing slopes close to Loanhead (Area C) are visually contained and could accommodate development.

Limited landscape capacity for development above Burdiehouse village and the Burdiehouse burn, with appropriate landscaping and also north of Loanhead.

LCA 44: BURDIEHOUSE FARMLAND

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

View west from Lang Loan to urban edge of Burdiehouse

Woodland planting would accentuate low knoll Ridge could be accentuated with woodland planting A B

South facing slopes important in A701 Lang Loan providing setting for Edinburgh and View east over Straiton Pond separation between settlements View north east to Arthur’s Seat from Lang Loan

65 66

LCA 45: BRUNSTANE FARMLAND Area A: North of the A6095

Area B: South of the A6095 and extends to the A1

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Partly fragmented landscape influenced by transport corridors and residential edge

• Generally well managed farmland, however lacking distinctive landscape features

• Together with Newhailes provides visual separation between Musselburgh and Joppa, Brunstane and Newcraighall

• Although largely flat landform, existing settlement edge defined by trees and woodland

• Landscape includes several access routes and open space role

Criteria

Impact of development on Area A is an open, flat area of farmland with large scale arable fields lying the local and wider between the urban edge of Brunstane and Joppa and the policies of Newhailes. landscape character and Towards Joppa the development pattern is largely linear, contained by the setting and the broader Brunstane Burn. The residential development is more clustered at Brunstane, pattern of settlement however the developed edge is buffered by thick tree belts. The Brunstane area provides separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh.

Area B lies adjacent to Newcraighall and comprises a large arable field, a public park and an unmanaged field used as informal open space. This is a very flat area of landscape with some perimeter woodland. This area is also important in maintaining the physical and perceptual separation between Musselburgh and Edinburgh.

Impact of development on Development within this area would effectively reduce any physical or existing settlement form perceptual separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh. The Brunstane Burn and boundaries provides a relatively robust settlement boundary feature at the edge of Joppa and the edge of Brunstane is strongly contained by thick tree belts. Newcraighall is a small and compact settlement, and although area B could accommodate development with would reduce physical and visual separation between Musselburgh and Edinburgh.

Relative visibility and Neither Area A nor Area B is highly visible due to their relative enclosure by prominence of the area in settlement and woodland. However some views of Area A are possible from question both locally and in the urban edge, including the cemetery at Joppa. Recreation routes pass the wider landscape through both areas.

Relationship between the Although both areas contain access routes in their own right these connect into area in question and open the urban area and not with other access networks and open spaces. Area B space, access networks and provides an open space resource as a public park and informal open space at land use Newcraighall.

Area A in particular has some visual association with the policies of Newhailes through providing a foreground and setting to the perimeter woodlands and glimpse views to Newhailes itself. Area B includes

Potential role of existing or Area A is largely open with perimeter woodlands, which reflects the character additional landscape of the policy woodlands of Newhailes. In addition the area provides glimpse features (such as structural

67 landscaping) in integrating views to Newhailes from the urban edge. development within the local and wider landscape The perimeter woods of Area A and B are important in providing connectivity as and existing and potential part of the FHN. The perimeter of the area is a woodland generalist network links with the Forest which links to the west and south, however this area is then poorly connected Habitat Network to the wider FHN. Developing the FHN in the surrounding area to the south and east would increase the FHN value of this area.

Overall In combination with the policies of Newhailes, Area A performs some function recommendation in providing setting for the policy woodlands, and in providing visual and physical separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh.

Development in Area B at Newcraighall would also in effect reduce visual separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh, particularly in combination with Queen Margaret College and the future redevelopment of the Whitehill area which will further visually contract this area of Green Belt. In addition this area has open space value as a public park, informal open space and access route.

No landscape capacity for development.

Note: Allocation for housing south of disused railway (HSG13) and in fields to east of Newcraighall (HSG 14) with open space provision to east (OSR 5) in Finalised Edinburgh City Local Plan.

LCA 45 Brunstane farmland

Brunstane Burn

View south east to Newhailes from cemetery at Joppa View east from Newcraighall Park A Wooded burn provides strong boundary feature

Thick tree belts at settlement edge B

Newcraighall Park Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Public park, informal open A1 A6095 Landscape capacity for space and access link provide development open space value Local authority boundary

View south east adjacent to A1

69 70

LCA 46: DANDERHALL SETTLED FARMLAND Area A: North of disused railway

Area B: South of disused railway

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Gently undulating to flat farmland strongly influenced by the urban edge and fragmented in places by a pattern of piecemeal development

• Landscape lacks positive distinctive features, however more well managed and intact to south around Newton Farm

• The landscape will be subject to significant future change with the Shawfair/Millerhill development which will influence intervisiblity with this area and the settlement edge

• The Shawfair/Millerhill development will influence the role this landscape plays in providing separation between the built up areas of Danderhall and Shawfair/Millerhill

• The landscape plays a limited role in providing access and open space resources

• Current limited role as part of the forest habitat network, however considerable potential to create links across the area

Criteria

Impact of development on This landscape is strongly influenced by the urban edge and has an often the local and wider fragmented pattern of piecemeal development including old mine landscape character and workings/restored sites, industrial railways and transmission lines. While there setting and the broader are few components of this landscape that are positively distinctive, the landform pattern of settlement becomes more rolling to the north and the presence of well-managed farmland and elevated views to the city are attributes (Area A). The relative integrity of well-managed farmland to the south is also a positive characteristic to the south in the Sheriffhall and Newton House area together with occasional historic buildings and roundels of Scots pine (Area B).

This area will be subject to significant change in the future due to the planned Shawfair development. Built development is proposed around Newton village, Millerhill village and Danderhall. A ‘Park and Ride’ facility and business park are in the process of construction adjacent to the A68, to the south of Danderhall. The Waverley Railway is proposed to be aligned through this area.

The masterplan for the Shawfair development indicates the retention of Areas A and B defined as key landscape features above. Development in both these areas would diminish the integrity of farmland, which although influenced by the urban edge and large scale infrastructure, is well-managed and is valuable in providing an open foreground to views of the city skyline from the south and east. Considerable ground modification would be necessary to accommodate development within Area A and development would be perceived as merging with Edinburgh.

The historic village of Danderhall has been considerably extended to the south- east. Dispersed villages in the rural area include the linear settlement of Easter Millerhill and more arbitrarily located dispersed closes of ‘Coal Authority’ housing elsewhere. The Shawfair development may provide an opportunity to enhance the fragmentation of the existing settlement pattern, although older, more tight-knit villages such as Millerhill may lose their individuality.

71 Impact of development on A distinct ridge at Edmonstone, marked by ‘The Wisp’ road which is aligned on its existing settlement form top, forms a containing edge to the hospital and proposed biomedical research and boundaries centre to the north-west of this area within Edinburgh.

Scrub-lined railway embankments, woodlands and poplars aligning roads in the Sheriffhall area provide a degree of containment for the ‘Park and Ride’ and business park currently under construction. The raised tip area at Whitehill Mains and scrub woodland against the extensive marshalling yard provides strong visual containment on the eastern boundary of this area.

The city by-pass (A720) would provide a physical boundary rather than a robust visually containing edge due to the openness of the landscape to the north-west.

Relative visibility and This area is not readily seen from Edinburgh due to the containment offered by prominence of the area in the ridge at Edmonstone on the City boundary. Development within Area A question both locally and in would be visually prominent from the A1 due to the elevation of this area while the wider landscape development within Area B would be highly visible from the by-pass.

Relationship between the Major transport routes are likely to inhibit access although a road bridge crossing area in question and open over the by-pass provides access to Dalkeith Country Park outwith the area from space, access networks and Old Craighall. land use

Potential role of existing or Amelioration of the angular landform of redundant tips and restructuring of additional landscape ‘pioneer’ woodland planted on them would enhance the landscape value of this features (such as structural area. Management of distinctive roundel plantings on knolls and maintenance of landscaping) in integrating stone walls in the Newton House area. Planting of new woodlands to visually development within the contain commercial development within the Kinnaird Park area would soften the local and wider landscape visual impact of this development. and existing and potential links with the Forest The area currently plays a limited role as part of the FHN, however resources Habitat Network exist to the south and east and there are several opportunities to enhance the connectivity to the north and create connections from east to west.

Overall This area will be subject to significant change in the future due to the planned recommendation Shawfair development.

While this landscape is strongly influenced by the urban edge and has an often fragmented pattern of piecemeal development, the more positive landscape features of this area have not been released from the Green Belt and are either important in providing a rural setting and foreground to views to the city from the south (Area B) or have a notably rolling and elevated landform which would be likely to result in significant landscape and visual impacts if developed (Area A). It is therefore recommended that these areas should remain within the Green Belt.

No landscape capacity for development.

LCA 46 Danderhall settled farmland

View east from minor road View east from minor road

‘The Wisp’ Disused tip at Whitehall Mains

Settlement expansion areas

B Key

Green belt View west from A720

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Location of A68 bypass Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

73 74

LCA 47: CRAIGMILLAR FARMLAND Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Strong intervisibility with the urban edge of Craigmillar and the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary

• Poorly managed and fragmented landscape

• Visual influences from Edmonstone and Craigmillar policies

• Landscape will be subject to future change with development of new biomedical research facility and Greendykes development, and potential access and recreation improvements

• Contributes to separation between Moredun, Edmonstone and Greendykes

• Provides informal access and recreation resource and this role will increase as future access improvements are implemented within this area

Criteria

Impact of development on This landscape character area is strongly influenced by the policies of the local and wider Edmonstone and Craigmillar Castle, and includes the north west facing slopes landscape character and orientated toward Craigmillar, and the north facing slope which extends to setting and the broader Niddrie Marischal public park. pattern of settlement Future development will include the Biomedical Research Park at Little France and development in the valley bottom at Greendykes.

Impact of development on The existing development within the landscape is the small scale linear housing at existing settlement form the junction of Millerhill Road and The Wisp. and boundaries The boundaries of this landscape will be subject to significant change with the development of the biomedical research park and the New Greendykes development. Although the biomedical park is not yet constructed, the landscaping is being implemented and will include perimeter woodland planting to the south, but the treatment of the eastern edge is likely to be less robust. The perimeter treatment for the proposed development at New Greendykes is unknown.

To the north the low ridge on which Craigmillar Castle is situated forms a strong containing edge. The development at Greendykes is currently contained by a belt of perimeter woodland.

Relative visibility and The landscape has comparatively high visibility due to the relationship with prominence of the area in Craigmillar Castle, Arthur’s Seat and the A7. In addition the enhanced question both locally and in recreational access at Edmonstone and proposed access improvements in the the wider landscape Craigmillar farmland area, which are still to be finalised, will increase the experience of this landscape.

Relationship between the This area is planned for access and recreation improvements including access area in question and open links from the biomedical park to Greendykes, links to Niddrie Marischal public space, access networks and park and the creation of an arboretum. The detail of these proposals is still to land use be confirmed, however this will potentially significantly increase the open space and access role of this area.

Visually the landscape has close associations with the policies of both Craigmillar and Edmonstone, and the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary is a key feature in views

75 within the area. To the east, the landscape has more extensive views across the Firth of Forth to Fife and along the East Lothian coast.

Potential role of existing or This area has important visual associations with the Craigmillar Castle policies additional landscape and also the policies at Edmonstone, in particular the wooded ridge which is features (such as structural prominent in local views. Development of policy planting to reflect these landscaping) in integrating linkages, alongside protection and enhancement of existing features, such as the development within the field boundary trees would further enhance the landscape character of this area. local and wider landscape and existing and potential The woodlands of Niddrie Marischal public park provide a local woodland links with the Forest generalist network however associations between this area and the policies of Habitat Network Edmonstone and Craigmillar Castle could be greatly enhanced through a spine of woodland planting connecting these areas.

Overall This landscape is important in maintaining the landscape significance of the recommendation wooded policies of Edmonstone which provides a locally important wooded ridge. Development of potentially large buildings on the hill slopes of Edmonstone would have the effect of diminishing the apparent vertical scale and prominence of this wooded ridge and the containment it provides to development to the south. The existing infirmary buildings lie at the lowest point in the valley, reducing the visual impact on this landform to some extent. Development in the landscape surrounding Edmonstone would obscure and detract from a number of designed landscape features including the newly renovated ha-ha and parkland. Furthermore access and open space connections through this landscape will provide important linkages to the improved access which has been developed at Edmonstone and to the surrounding area, resulting in an important open space and access resource. No landscape capacity for development.

LCA 47 Craigmillar farmland

View west to Edinburgh Royal Infirmary View north east to Niddrie Wooded ridge with Craigmillar castle and Hawkhill wood provides containing edge Field trees mark field Young woodland planting boundaries

Biomedical research development site

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development Views to Arthur’s Seat, Braid The Wisp Local authority boundary Hills, Pentland Hills, Firth of View north east to Forth Forth and Fife

77 78

LCA 72: AIRPORT Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Strongly influenced by use as an airport with extensive associated developments including parking, hotel and business related use

• Provides separation between Newbridge and Kirkliston

• Very limited access and open space role

• Very limited role as part of the forest habitat network, however some opportunity to create a more robust network and enhance links to south

Criteria

Impact of development on The airport landscape is flat and low lying and lies within a broad open expanse of the local and wider landscape, characterised by its use as an airport and the associated developments. landscape character and setting and the broader The airport has a highly fragmented industrial character and housing development pattern of settlement would be inconsistent with the existing development type. There is some linear residential development along the main road from Ratho Station, however this is limited in extent.

Impact of development on The airport and showground area are very flat and development sprawls across existing settlement form this landscape between the main runway and the A8. There are some open areas and boundaries within the development although these are limited and include the temporary parking for the Highland Show and some small fields and a driving range. The development is physically contained by the runway to the north and the A8 to the south. To the east the mainline railway to Fife provides a further physical constraining edge.

Relative visibility and This is a highly visible site due to the physical proximity to the A8 and the airport. prominence of the area in Parts of the site are slightly screened from the A8 by the gently rising land to the question both locally and in north of the road. the wider landscape

Relationship between the The use of the landscape as an airport and industrial character means that there is area in question and open no accessible open space function provided, apart from the golf driving range. The space, access networks and landscape is isolated from the surrounding areas by the dominance of the major land use transport links of the railway and A8.

Potential role of existing or The remnant policy influences associated with Gogar Mains and Castle Gogar and additional landscape East Mains of Ingliston provide some mature woodland within the landscape, features (such as structural however the highly developed landscape largely detracts from these pockets of landscaping) in integrating woodland. development within the local and wider landscape The landscape contains a number of pockets of woodland generalist network, and existing and potential which are partly fragmented, however connections between these areas could be links with the Forest reinforced, both to the south and in making links to the network which connects Habitat Network to Gogar.

Overall The highly developed nature of the landscape means that further development recommendation would not conflict with the existing character of the area. The strongly defined boundaries of the A8 and Fife mainline railway provide a definite edge to the area. However residential development would be out of character with this industrial character.

The area has little existing landscape structure and enhancement should focus on

79 developing links between the existing fragments of the FHN and developing woodland links along the A8 corridor.

No landscape capacity for residential development, although further business and industrial use can be accommodated.

LCA 72 Airport

View north west across Ingliston Market site View south to East Mains of Ingliston smallholding

Derelict site being redeveloped as business units

Gogar Mains and Castle Gogar

A8 forms perceptual boundary

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge View south across Royal Highland Character influenced by hotels, Showground parking, business units, Royal Landscape capacity for development Highland Showground etc. Local authority boundary

81 82

LCA 77 BUSH ESTATE Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Policy landscape defined by areas of parkland, policy woodland and shelterbelts which provides a framework for numerous research and business units of mixed age and design.

• The Pentland Hills provide a backdrop to the landscape and the policies to the west have visual continuity with the hills.

• The open spaces and access roads provide an informal open space resource for employees working with in the Bush Estate, and the area includes several core paths.

Criteria

Impact of development on The land rises gently towards the Pentlands to the west and the policy woodlands the local and wider enclose medium sized fields and research units. Bush House forms the landscape character and centrepiece for the development which includes a range of buildings located within setting and the broader the policies surrounding the house. The landscape is characterised by long pattern of settlement shelterbelts of mixed beech and Scots Pine which provide a strong enclosure pattern within this landscape. The Pentland Hills form a distinctive backdrop and setting to the estate. The policies provide a framework for the existing development and the different phases of future development. The character of the landscape is defined by the strong structure of wooded policies and the built form of offices/institutions. Residential development would conflict with the existing pattern and character of development. Development on more open areas to the north and west would diminish the integrity of well-managed farmland which provides a rich landscape setting to the Pentland Hills. Impact of development on The existing buildings are located within the structure provided by the policies, existing settlement form and the area does not relate directly to any adjacent settlement. The area is and boundaries defined by the extent of the policies, however there are not always perimeter woodlands and there are occasional open views from the surrounding area into peripheral fields and to outlying development. The woodlands of the Bush Estate, together with those in the Glencorse area, provide a robust boundary to Milton Bridge/Penicuik. New residential development located within these more open areas to the north east and north west of the landscape character area would be highly visible and would affect the present distinct separation which exists between Bilston and Penicuik.

Relative visibility and Woodland largely screens built development and the core of the estate, although prominence of the area in some new buildings are visible from main transport routes, and the vet school is question both locally and in notably prominent in local views. Development in these more open areas would the wider landscape be highly visible from transport routes including the A702 and A701 which provide key approaches to Edinburgh.

Relationship between the There are access links through woodlands with the Glencorse area and to the area in question and open Pentland Hills. The area is well used for informal recreation and the open spaces space, access networks and between units provide recreational space, particularly within the former parkland land use area surrounding Bush House.

Potential role of existing or The policy woodlands play an important role as part of the FHN, however there additional landscape are opportunities to increase the FHN links from the core to the perimeter of the features (such as structural area, and to increase the perimeter planting. This would reinforce the policy landscaping) in integrating woodland structure and provide further containment for the new development

83 development within the within the area. local and wider landscape and existing and potential links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall This is a policy landscape which contains many buildings, located within the recommendation landscape framework. The area has a distinctive character contributed by the numerous businesses units and associated infrastructure. Residential development would be contrary to the existing character of the area which is focused around business and research type development. Development on the more open parts of the estate to the north and west, which are less well contained by policy woodland, would be highly visible and could affect the setting of the Pentland Hills and the present separation between settlements.

No landscape capacity for residential development.

LCA 77 Bush Estate

Bush Estate Bush House

Parkland surrounds Bush House Views of buildings from main transport routes

Research units located within parkland landscape

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

View north west to Pentlands 85 86

LCA 78 GLENCORSE Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• The dense woodlands of this landscape give it an intimate scale and strongly rural character.

• Woodland limits the visibility of this landscape and also provides continuity with the policy woodlands of Bush and the woodland within the Glencorse golf course.

• The area includes and network of paths and provides links to the access network in Bush Estate.

• The woodlands are an important component of the local forest habitat network providing links to Bush, towards Penicuik and to the Pentlands.

Criteria

Impact of development on This landscape comprises a gently undulating narrow valley where the strong the local and wider framework of policy woodlands provides containment and creates an intimate landscape character and scale and together with the pattern of small pastures and remnant parkland, setting and the broader contributes to the diverse and scenic character of the area. There are a number pattern of settlement of dispersed properties within the landscape, some of historic value such as Glencorse House and Loganbank, and the landscape adjoins an area of new MOD housing developed at Milton Bridge.

While development could be contained by the dense woodland of this area, it would diminish the strongly rural qualities and sense of seclusion experienced in this landscape. This area forms one of a series of designed landscapes which surround Penicuik, and provides visual continuity with the surrounding landscapes, including Bush and Glencorse Golf Course. In particular this landscape provides separation between Penicuik and the more developed landscape of Bush Estate.

Impact of development on Development within this area could be visually associated with existing residential existing settlement form development at Milton Bridge. However, any extension of the existing settlement and boundaries edge into this area would adversely affect the robust boundary provided by existing policy woodlands and the setting and separation between settlements.

Relative visibility and The area is accessed by a minor road and the A702 and A701 pass at the northerly prominence of the area in and southerly perimeters, but visibility is limited by the undulating landform and question both locally and in policy woodland. Views into the landscape are possible from the elevation of the the wider landscape Pentlands. Open views across parkland to the Glencorse golf course from the minor road and historic church at Milton Bank display the landscape connection between these areas and their combined importance in providing a high quality setting to Milton Bridge/Penicuik.

Relationship between the There are some links to the core paths which extend into Bush Estate and also area in question and open several local paths within the area. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The area currently performs an important role as part of the FHN, providing a additional landscape number of links to the surrounding area. The maintenance of the existing features (such as structural woodland is key to retaining the character of the landscape, and management of landscaping) in integrating parkland trees and tree groups should be carried out. development within the local and wider landscape

87 and existing and potential links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall The strong rural character and intimacy of this area provided by the undulating recommendation valley landform and enclosure of woodlands contribute to the scenic qualities of this landscape. Although the landscape is not highly visible, it makes an important contribution to the predominantly wooded high quality landscape setting occurring between Milton Bridge/Penicuik and Bilston.

No landscape capacity for residential development

Note construction of the Water Treatment Works at Glencorse is underway within this landscape, west of Glencorse Mains.

LCA 78 Glencorse

A702

View north east from Glencorse View east from Glencorse Church over Cottage former parkland

Containment provided by policy woodlands and Continuity with surrounding shelterbelts wooded landscapes of Bush and Glencorse Golf course

Continuity with shelterbelts on Pentland slopes

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development A701 Policy woodland and access routes near Local authority boundary Loganbank

89 90

LCA 79 GLENCORSE GOLF COURSE Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• The rolling landform and mature woodlands contribute to the scenic quality of this landscape.

• Although not highly visible, this area plays a role as part of the wider landscape setting to settlement.

• The area is managed as a golf course and has some recreational value.

Criteria

Impact of development on This landscape lies adjacent to the settlements of Auchendinny, Milton Bridge and the local and wider Milton Bridge barracks and training centre. The rolling landform, burn and mature landscape character and woodland are attractive landscape features and this landscape has a visual setting and the broader connection with the wooded policies of Glencorse and Bush Estate and pattern of settlement contributes to the wider rural landscape to the north of Penicuik. Development within this landscape would result in significant modification of its distinctive rolling landform and wooded character, although to the north slopes are less steep and planting immature and this effect would diminish. Development would affect the high quality setting this landscape provides to settlement and a loss of distinction between the settlements of Auchendinny and Milton Bridge.

Impact of development on The existing edge of the Barracks to the south is defined by Grahams Road. existing settlement form Some of the housing of Auchendinny and Milton Bridge extends into this landscape and boundaries character area as defined by the surrounding roads. The form of Auchendinny is linear but also historically associated with a small tributary of the North Esk. Development on the less rolling ground to the north of Auchendinny would accentuate the linearity of the settlement and be divorced from the original clustered core. Planting along the B7026 provides a degree of containment to this area and an edge to existing settlement.

Relative visibility and Perimeter trees and hedgerows largely limit views into this area from the A701 prominence of the area in and nearby settlement. question both locally and in the wider landscape

Relationship between the The use of the area as a golf course and path through the area means that is has area in question and open some recreational and open space value. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The small burn and wooded steep slopes are an attractive component of the additional landscape landscape character area and these features should be maintained and enhanced. features (such as structural The existing areas of woodland do not play a significant role as part of the FHN, landscaping) in integrating and connections across this area could be enhanced. development within the local and wider landscape and existing and potential links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall This area of landscape has a diverse and scenic landscape character and visual recommendation connections to the surrounding wooded landscapes which provide a high quality setting to Penicuik. This landscape plays an important role in providing separation between settlements.

No landscape capacity for development

LCA 79 Glencorse Golf Course

View south east from club house View north east from club house

Wooded brae with mixed Woodland provides visual woodland continuation with policies to west and wooded valley of River North Esk

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

B7026 Strong containing edge Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

93 94

LCA 80 DAMHEAD Area A: West of Seafield Moor Road and north of the low ridge extending from Pentland Mains to Tigh-na-geat

Area B: North of Bilston

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• A varied landscape, prominent in places in views from major transport routes.

• Dispersed settlement pattern with small holdings and business uses.

• Limited open space and recreation role.

Criteria

Impact of development on An undulating landscape, which is more open in character to the south and west the local and wider where the landform is less complex. This area plays an important role in providing landscape character and a relatively uncluttered rural foreground in views to the Pentland Hills from the setting and the broader east. A number of scattered properties punctuate the landscape including pattern of settlement farmsteads, small holdings, nurseries and other commercial enterprises. Development in the northern part of this area (Area A) would impact on the more complex landform and small scale character which occurs. It would also exacerbate the rather piecemeal built pattern of this area and would impact on the setting provided to the Pentland Hills. Development could be more readily accommodated within Area B where it could be associated with the existing settlement of Bilston and would limit impact on the setting to the Pentland Hills and on the wider more intact rural landscape to the west.

Impact of development on The area adjoins the urban edge of Bilston and the edge of Loanhead. The existing settlement form scattered properties and smallholdings within the landscape character area sit and boundaries closely within the landscape, contained to some degree by the rolling landform although other small industrial sites on derelict land are more prominent. Caravan sites are located to the west of the A701. While this road forms a physical boundary to the settlement edge of Loanhead, the built edge of large commercial buildings is exposed and highly visible.

Increasing the extent or density of dispersed residential development within much of this area would detract from its predominantly rural character. Residential development within Area A, even if located next to Loanhead, would contrast with the character of commercial buildings and would be severed by the A701 and have no visual connection to the core of this settlement. There is some limited capacity for settlement expansion to the north of Bilston. The existing settlement boundary in this area is currently defined by a road with some young tree planting although some dispersed development occurs to the north of this road. A new robust woodland boundary should be created to screen new development in this area.

Development should not take place between Bilston and Loanhead to maintain the distinction between the two settlements, particularly as experienced when travelling along the A701.

Relative visibility and The area is highly visible from the transport routes which cross the landscape prominence of the area in which include Pentland Road, Seafield Moor Road, the A701 and A702. An area of question both locally and in disturbed land and industrial buildings between Old Pentland and Loanhead is the wider landscape particularly prominent. Views to the urban edge of Bilston are limited from the west and north by slightly raised landform and expansion of the settlement to the north-west could utilise this containment to some degree, particularly if enhanced

95 by woodland planting. Relationship between the There are some recreation routes however the farmland which makes up the area area in question and open is not currently a significant open space resource. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The landscape character area only contains very limited areas of woodland and additional landscape does not make a significant contribution to the FHN. features (such as structural landscaping) in integrating Connections between the existing FHN and links to the network at the eastern development within the end of the Pentlands and at Straiton could be developed. local and wider landscape and existing and potential links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall This is a varied landscape character area with areas of disturbed ground adjacent recommendation to Loanhead, a complex rolling landform at Old Pentland and more open and elevated slopes toward the Pentlands. There is limited landscape capacity for development to the north of Bilston, provided a new settlement boundary is created to contain the development.

Limited landscape capacity for development at Bilston.

LCA 80 Damhead

Views from A720 to this area

View west to Pentlands Nursery on Seafield Moor Road

Limited views to Bilston from A702 due to Disturbed ground, with hedgerows and landform prominent mounded A landform Low ridge screens views within landscape Separation between Bilston and Loanhead should be maintained Dispersed settlement B pattern

Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping Seafield Moor Road A701 Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary

View north west from Bilston to Pentlands 97 98

LCA 81 ROSLIN FARMLAND Area A: Research institutes to the north east of Roslin

Area B: Bilston Burn and restored workings

Area C: Farmland to the north west of Roslin

Area D: Farmland to the south of the B7003

Area E: Steep slopes above Roslin Glen

Area F: Farmland to the south west of Bilston

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Varied landscape character area containing areas of restored derelict land, intact well managed farmland and small settlements.

• Shelterbelts and areas of woodland provide structure and visual interest within the landscape.

• Eastern areas have visual associations with Roslin Chapel and Roslin Glen.

• Settlement edges of Loanhead and Bilston are contained by the A701 and the restored workings at Bilston Burn. The settlement edge of Roslin is defined in places by the wooded line of disused railway and the edge of Roslin Glen.

Criteria

Impact of development on The landscape within this area is fragmented in places by former coal mine the local and wider workings, but also comprises farmland with an intact open character, contained in landscape character and places by long, narrow shelterbelts. A number of research institutes feature in this setting and the broader area. pattern of settlement Bilston and Roslin are relatively well contained settlements with a distinct identity. The urban edge of Loanhead comprises large scale industrial/commercial buildings which extend alongside the reworked landscape of the disused mine workings.

Area A is characterised by the research institutes and a strong landscape framework of shelterbelt planting enclosing generally well-managed farmland which is important in providing a wider setting to Roslin, its historic chapel and the highly scenic Roslin Glen. Development in this area would adversely affect this setting. The wooded Bilston burn and mounded landform of the restored workings in Area B provide a robust containing edge to Loanhead. The southern edge of Loanhead is characterised by industrial/commercial development and residential development would conflict with this built character and have a detrimental effect on the scenic qualities of the unmodified Bilston Glen. The farmland in Area C has a rolling landform and distinct integrity. It is important in providing an immediate rural landscape setting to Roslin and separation with Bilston and the A701 corridor. In the south-west of this area however, the development of a new medical centre has extended the built edge of the settlement and there is some limited capacity for development adjacent to this area where an existing area of woodland (possibly on a derelict land site) would provide containment. To the south west of Roslin, Area D is locally prominent in views from the A701 and B7003. The existing urban edge is defined by the road and a broad strip of open space adjacent to the housing. A small knoll and steep slopes abut the south- eastern edge of Roslin adjacent to Roslin Glen (Area E). Development in this area would result in significant modification of the landform and would affect the setting to Roslin Glen as well as being contrary to the existing settlement form which sits

99 above the valley avoiding steep slopes. Area F comprises farmland with a relatively strong enclosure pattern of hedgerows and trees. While housing development in this area could be contained to some degree, there would be a visual association with existing (and any future) development of research institutions within the adjacent Bush Estate which has a more open character to the north.

Impact of development on This landscape character area lies between the settlements of Loanhead, Bilston existing settlement form and Roslin and the research facilities at Mountmarle. Residential development and boundaries immediately east of the A701 would appear as a continuation of Bilston yet would be dislocated by a major road. The extension of Bilston to the south west into Area F could utilise and strengthen existing field boundary features to provide robust settlement edges although if additional development were to occur within the adjacent northern part of the Bush Estate, it could result in coalescence with Bilston. Extensive development to the west of Roslin would impact on the rural character of the farmland. It would also further diminish the association of the historic core of this settlement with the North Esk by moving away from the edge of the valley. The undulating landform and a former railway cutting colonised by scrubby woodland provides a degree of containment to the urban edge of Roslin to the west although this is weaker to the south and fragmented by the new medical centre. Some limited opportunity for development has been identified in this area where a new robust settlement edge could be formed by existing woodland which would limit views from the A701. Development to the south of Loanhead would transgress the robust boundary currently provided by the deeply incised wooded Bilston Glen and mounded landform of disused mine workings. Development in much of this area could affect the distinction and separation of the settlements of Loanhead, Bilston and Roslin.

Relative visibility and This character area is visible from the A701 and from footpaths and tracks around prominence of the area in Roslin which provide circular routes to popular walks within Roslin Glen and question both locally and in where research laboratories stand out within open farmland. Views from the wider landscape Loanhead are largely restricted by industrial development and the mounded landform of the restored mine workings. The settlement of Roslin is not readily visible from the A701 and woodland also provides some visual containment of Loanhead from this road. Development in much of this area, and particularly within Areas D and E, would be highly visible from key roads on one of the main approaches to Edinburgh and to Roslin where its famous chapel is a major tourist attraction. Relationship between the This landscape character area lies adjacent to Roslin Glen which is a popular area in question and open recreation area and contains a network of paths, and footpaths link this area with space, access networks and Roslin Glen. land use

Potential role of existing or Enhancement of former restored tips and management of woodlands. Planting of additional landscape new woodlands and hedgerows on farmland and to contain piecemeal features (such as structural development. landscaping) in integrating development within the The existing shelterbelts provide a strong landscape framework, however there is local and wider landscape potential to connect two sections of FHN from west-to-east from Bilston to the and existing and potential woodland surrounding the research institutes and from the edge of Bush Estate. links with the Forest There is also scope to join the network from north to south from Bilston to the Habitat Network FHN surrounding Roslin. Other opportunities for landscape enhancement include management of the former restored tips and improved woodland management. Additional hedgerow planting and woodland planting would further contribute to the character and quality of the farmland.

Overall This is a complex landscape with some areas of intact rural farmland which recommendation contribute to the wider landscape setting of settlements and adjacent features, and areas of more fragmented or disturbed character. Landscape capacity for

100

development is limited by the role of the landscape in providing a setting to settlement and key landscape features, and the relative visibility of parts of the landscape. Limited opportunity for development was identified to the west of Roslin where landform and woodland provide visual containment and development would relate closely to the existing settlement edge. There may also be some opportunities for limited development to the south west of Bilston in Area F although this would be dependant on whether further development phases were planned in the northern part of the adjacent Bush Estate and the degree of advance screening that could be instigated in this more open area to provide screening and emphasise the difference in character between the dense form and small scale residential buildings of Bilston and the large research institutions set in wooded grounds of the Bush Estate.

Limited landscape capacity for development to north of B7003 and west of Roslin.

101 102

LCA 81 Roslin Farmland

Wooded Bilston burn and raised area of restored ground provide robust edge to settlement

View west from Roslin to Pentlands

Field trees and shelterbelts reflect B strong shelterbelt planting on Pentlands

F View west to poultry research centre Disturbed ground with dense woodland C A Well managed farmland provides setting to chapel and Roslin Glen New health centre developed on edge of settlement D E Key Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

A701 B7003 Disused railway at edge Strong containing edge of settlement with Landscape capacity for woodland development

View north east to new health centre Local authority boundary

103 104

LCA83: EDGEFIELD FARMLAND Area A: South of A768

Area B: North of A768 and west of Lasswade Road

Area C: East of Lasswade Road

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Rolling farmland strongly influenced in places by major road corridors, industrial development and former tips

• Generally of limited scenic quality, however some areas of higher value

• Limited intervisibility with this area from major roads due to rolling landform

• Plays some role in providing separation between Loanhead and Edinburgh, in combination with city bypass

• Some role as part of access network

• Limited role as part of the forest habitat network, with potential to consolidate links to the north

Criteria

Impact of development on This is an area of rolling farmland and restored tips with a small number of notable the local and wider features including the wooded valley of the Wading Burn and some remnant landscape character and designed landscape features at Kings Acre Golf Course. The deeply rolling setting and the broader landform in some areas may also constrain sensitive development pattern of settlement Loanhead and Kevock lie to the south and east of this LCA. Industrial and commercial development on the fringes of Loanhead extends to the north and east against the A701 and it is difficult to appreciate the original form of this settlement and its association with the North Esk Valley. In contrast, the historic core of Kevock has a clear association with the valley and a strong architectural integrity. A sloping field (Area A) to the south of the A768 separates these settlements and forms an integral part of the North Esk valley. Development in this particularly area would conflict with the pattern and current separation of these settlements, particularly as perceived from the A768 and from within the valley.

Impact of development on A robust settlement boundary of steep wooded slopes and stone estate wall abuts existing settlement form the northern edge of Kevock. The eastern edge of Loanhead is fragmented by and boundaries piecemeal development and largely unscreened. The rolling landform of Area B offers opportunity to create new robust settlement boundaries provided development avoids elevated ground. Additional woodland planting would be necessary to accentuate the containment of landform features. Development in this area would extend the eastern edge of Loanhead.

The city by pass (A702) provides a perceptual and physical boundary between the Midlothian settlements of Loanhead and Lasswade and Edinburgh. This is emphasised by a ridge of farmland which screens the built edge of the city to the north of the by-pass (part of the adjacent Burdiehouse Farmland LCA).

Area A lies within the Mavisbank Conservation Area, which recognises the significance of this landscape in providing context and setting to Mavisbank and the adjacent valley. The area also adjoins Lasswade and Kevock Conservation Area to

105 the east and provides a rural setting and context for this area.

There is scope for development to be visually contained by walls, woodland and the raised landform of the former tip within the King’s Acre golf course although this would be divorced from existing settlements (Area C) and would conflict with the current recreational use of the area.

Relative visibility and Area A is highly visible from the A768 and from the North Esk valley. A distinct prominence of the area in ridge restricts views of Area B from the A768. Area C is largely screened from question both locally and in existing settlement and from roads by policy woodlands and the raised form of the wider landscape Melville tip. There are some views from the A772. The tip is however, highly visible from the city by-pass. The Wading Burn and the Kings Acre golf course are important recreational features.

Relationship between the Area C has links with the adjacent Melville Castle Estate although access appears area in question and open to be restricted. space, access networks and land use This character area forms part of a broad swathe of open space of mixed use between Edinburgh and the dense pattern of settlements associated with the North Esk within Midlothian.

Potential role of existing or The wooded valley of the Wading Burn could be enhanced through management, additional landscape new planting and possible creation of wetland habitat. New planting of woodlands features (such as structural and rehabilitation of hedgerows would enhance farmland and improve the landscaping) in integrating containment and settlement of Loanhead in Area B. development within the local and wider landscape Pioneer woodland on the former tip in Area C should be managed to allow larger and existing and potential species to succeed and thus aid integration with adjacent policies. links with the Forest Habitat Network

Overall There is no capacity for development within Area A due to its importance in recommendation separating the settlements of Eskgrove and Loanhead, its visibility and association with the scenic North Esk valley and setting for Mavisbank Conservation Area.

There is some limited scope to extend the eastern edge of Loanhead onto lower hill slopes of Area B towards the Wading Burn, providing woodlands were planted in advance on more elevated ground to enhance containment.

Area C is currently used as a golf course and has open space value, the area has limited capacity for development due to the enclosure provided by the low rise to the north and any development in this area would be divorced from existing settlement. In addition development in this area would result in the loss of an open space and recreational resource.

Limited landscape capacity for development associated with the edge of Loanhead.

106

LCA 83 Edgefield

Key

Green belt Low ridge limits views Lasswade Road from A720 Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development

Local authority boundary View east over farmland from Edgefield C Visually exposed and fragmented settlement boundary

B Restored land A

View south from A768 over Esk Valley

107 108

LCA 85 MELVILLE NURSERIES Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Some integrity of landscape character provided by policy shelterbelts, however partly fragmented by roads and pylon lines and development

• Views are limited by the shelterbelts, however several major roads pass through the landscape character area increasing visibility

• Landscape provides some physical and perceptual separation between Edinburgh and Dalkeith, but does not play a key role in settlement identity.

• Very limited open space and access role

• Important part of the forest habitat network, with some opportunity to enhance connections to west

Criteria

Impact of development on The landform consists of gently undulating arable fields which are visually the local and wider separated from the city bypass. The landscape is characterised by the strong landscape character and distinctive tree belts, which are cut in places by roads and pylon wayleaves. setting and the broader pattern of settlement The settlement pattern consists of isolated large farmsteads and business/retail units, including nursery development and a golf driving range.

The landscape has a partially developed character contributed by the existing large business and retail units, however its relative isolation from settlement means that residential development within this area would be incongruous.

Impact of development on The existing development pattern is sporadic and enclosed by surrounding existing settlement form shelterbelts and woodland. This provides visual containment, but also isolates the and boundaries development from settlement.

The area lies to the north west of Eskbank but is visually and physically separate from both Eskbank, and Edinburgh to the north west.

The low ridge to the south east of the bypass and policy woodlands serve to contain views to the north, and the densely wooded slopes of Melville Castle provide a containing edge to the south.

Relative visibility and There is limited visibility into this area as views are frequently restricted by the prominence of the area in tree belts however there are views from the A772 and A7 which pass through the question both locally and in eastern part of this area. the wider landscape

Relationship between the The strong policy woodlands mean that this is quite a contained and not widely area in question and open accessible area. In addition the numerous busy main roads, including the city space, access networks and bypass and the deep valley of the River North Esk further isolate the area from land use settlement and reduce its accessibility as an open space resource.

Potential role of existing or The policy influences from Melville Castle and extensive tree belts to the east additional landscape provide important woodland landscape features and should be protected and features (such as structural enhanced. New planting to reflect these landscape features should include a landscaping) in integrating suitable choice of species. The shelterbelts provide some degree of enclosure development within the

109 local and wider landscape which facilitates the accommodation of development within this landscape. and existing and potential links with the Forest The integrity of the woodland should be maintained as the area contains both Habitat Network broadleaved specialist network and woodland generalist networks which are well connected to the wider FHN.

Overall The cumulative impact of further development would increase the fragmentation recommendation of this area. The landscape lacks a visual or perceptual relationship with settlement and would be unsuitable for residential development. Further business or retail development could be potentially accommodated close to existing development, however care should be taken not reduce the landscape setting to the policy woodlands and areas to the immediate south of the A720 should be maintained to ensure separation between Edinburgh and Eskbank.

No landscape capacity for residential development, however further small scale business or retail development could be accommodated.

110

LCA 85 Melville nurseries

Tree belts cut by roads and pylon lines Nurseries at A772

Nursery and retail development

Key

Green belt B Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Policy influences from Landscape capacity for Melville Castle and development View north east across King’s Acre golf Dalkeith Palace Local authority boundary course

111 112

LCA 86 SOUTH MELVILLE Area A: North of the A6094

Area B: South of the A6094

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Fragmented by roads, electricity transmission lines and the influence of the built edge

• The golf course and associated woodland to the north has a more distinctive character than the more open landscape to the south

• The landscape plays an important role in providing visual separation between Lasswade and Eskbank but does not contribute positively to settlement identity

• Provides some open space and access role through golf course and recreational routes

• Contributes to forest habitat network with potential to enhance links to River North Esk and Newbattle Abbey policies

Criteria

Impact of development on To the north this landscape has a mature wooded character and the golf course the local and wider landscape builds on the existing mature policy woodland. To the south the landscape character and landscape is more open in character with pasture farmland with hedgerows and setting and the broader fences, although the mature wooded policies of Newbattle Abbey have a minor pattern of settlement visual influence to the south east. The landscape narrows in extent to the south and the developed edge of Lasswade is prominent to the west with extensive residential development. At Hardengreen roundabout the garden centre to the west, and the superstore to the east narrow the landscape even further at this point. The future development of the community hospital in this area will further contribute to the lack of visual distinction between the two settlements at this point.

Development within this landscape would further reduce perception of separation between Lasswade and Eskbank, however this would not be in conflict with the existing settlement pattern in the area to the south of the Hardengreen roundabout.

Impact of development on The existing settlement pattern comprises residential housing areas accessed from existing settlement form main through routes in the settlement. The historic cores of the two settlements and boundaries have a strong wooded character, however the peripheral housing areas reflect a wider variety of layout and form.

To the north of the Hardengreen roundabout the settlement edge of Lasswade adjoins the golf course and is not highly visible due to the woodland planting and gently rising landform. To the south the settlement edge is less strongly defined and comprises field boundaries. The more open character of the landscape means that the settlement edge is more highly visible in this area. To the east, , the settlement edge is more strongly defined to the north of the Hardengreen roundabout with woodland belts and separation from the A7. South of the Hardengreen roundabout the settlement edge is more fragmented and less clearly defined with some field boundary trees in places.

To the north of the Hardengreen roundabout the settlement edges are strongly defined. To the south of the roundabout, the A7 provides a logical edge to both

113 settlements but would result in the loss of distinction between the two.

Relative visibility and The LCA is crossed by the A7, but this route lies in cut for some sections which prominence of the area in reduces visibility to the surrounding landscape. Local roads, the Penicuik – question both locally and in Musselburgh foot and cycleway and views from the settlement edge provide some the wider landscape prominence to this area.

Relationship between the The Penicuik – Musselburgh foot and cycleway provides an important link between area in question and open Eskbank and Lasswade. space, access networks and land use To the north the wooded character provides association with the North Esk valley. The area contains the open space resource of Broomieknowe golf course, but this is separated from the southern part of the area by the main road at Hardengreen roundabout.

Potential role of existing or The woodland structure within the golf course is an important landscape feature additional landscape and provides visual and FHN links towards the North Esk Valley. features (such as structural landscaping) in integrating To the south, the landscape is more open in character and the provision of a development within the landscape framework would increase visual linkages from Broomieknowe golf local and wider landscape course and Newbattle Abbey policies. The A7 corridor would provide a potential and existing and potential link with the areas of FHN within Broomieknowe golf course and the Newbattle links with the Forest Abbey policies. Planting within this area would also reduce the perceptual Habitat Network coalescence of Lasswade and Eskbank.

Overall The area to the north of Hardengreen roundabout (Area A) is contained by estate recommendation walls, woodland and landform a gently rising landform, which limit its visual prominence. Although this landscape could potentially absorb development with limited visual impact on the surrounding area, this would affect the integrity of the landscape and its role in providing continuity with the wooded landscape of the North Esk valley.

The area to the south of Hardengreen roundabout (Area B) is open in character and the existing developed edge is already prominent within the landscape. This area does not have a strong landscape structure and this could be enhanced through planting along the A7 corridor and the route of the Penicuik – Musselburgh foot and cycle route. Development within this area would not conflict with the existing settlement pattern or landscape features and could provide a more definitive edge to the existing development at the settlement edge. Although development within this area would reduce physical separation between Lasswade and Eskbank, this has already been compromised at the Hardengreen roundabout and the perceptual experience of the two settlements from the A7 is limited.

Moderate landscape capacity for development, south of Hardengreen roundabout, however this would result in a loss of physical and visual separation between Eskbank and Loanhead.

114

LCA 86 South Melville

View north to Hardengreen View west to urban edge of Lasswade roundabout

Woodland and rising A ground provide containing edge Hardengreen roundabout

Prominent urban edge B Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development A6094 A7 corridor in cut limits views of Local authority boundary surrounding landscape View south along A7

115 116

LCA 88 SMEATON FARMLAND Area A: West of the Penicuik – Musselburgh foot and cycle way

Area B: East of the Penicuik – Musselburgh foot and cycle way

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• A landscape fragmented by electricity transmission lines, large sub station and the new Dalkeith bypass.

• Extensive new development is under construction at Thornybank, introducing areas of new development at the perimeter of this landscape character area.

• The elevated upper slopes are prominent and visible across the surrounding area.

• Some recreational value provided by access routes within the area.

Criteria

Impact of development on This is an open landscape, particularly on the more elevated slopes. The lower the local and wider area is strongly contained by the rising slopes to the east and the wooded policies landscape character and of Dalkeith Palace to the west. setting and the broader pattern of settlement The electricity transmission lines and Dalkeith by-pass create a corridor of development which severs the landscape with vertical and linear structures. These features pass through the lower lying area of landscape which separates Whitecraig and new development which extends north of Dalkeith at Thornybank. There are some areas of past dereliction, visible in the form of the steep sided bing adjacent to Carberry. There are scattered farmsteads and residential buildings within the landscape. To the north the settlement of Whitecraig is comparatively compact, and the current settlement edge is defined by boundary trees adjacent to an area of open space. Development within the area between Whitecraig and Thornybank would result in loss of visual distinction between the two settlements and would diminish the remaining farmland unaffected by built infrastructure of transmission lines, substation and the new by-pass. This would be experienced when travelling along the road to Thornybank, and when viewed from the upper slopes. Development on the upper hill slopes conflict with the existing settlement pattern which is focused around the lower lying ground.

Impact of development on Development on the upper slopes of this landscape character area in Area A existing settlement form would result in development on the Mayfield – Tranent ridge which would be and boundaries visually prominent. It would conflict with the existing pattern of settlement within the lower lying areas of landscape. These farmed upper slopes are well-managed, less affected by derelict land and piecemeal development and provide a backdrop and containing edge to the settlement at Whitecraig and Dalkeith.

The policies of Dalkeith Palace and Carberry, and the wooded Cowden Cleugh Burn provide firm containing edges to this area. The settlement edge of Whitecraig is not strongly defined by landform or woodland, however development on the lower slopes of this area would result in visual and perceptual coalescence between Whitecraig and the new development at Thornybank.

Relative visibility and The upper facing slopes are open and provide extensive views to the surrounding prominence of the area in area. This landscape is crossed by the new Dalkeith by-pass and is visible from the question both locally and in A1. the wider landscape

Relationship between the The area is of limited recreational use, however the Penicuik – Musselburgh foot

117 area in question and open and cycleway runs at the base of the slope on a former railway. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The landscape is relatively unwooded, and this contrasts with the wooded policies additional landscape of Carberry and Dalkeith Palace. features (such as structural landscaping) in integrating Enhanced maintenance of the landscape features of hedgerows, field boundaries development within the and woodland would improve the landscape condition. Creating FHN links from local and wider landscape Carberry to the woodland associate with the Penicuik – Musselburgh Foot and and existing and potential Cycleway and the woodland of Cowden Cleugh would enhance the FHN value of links with the Forest this area and create structure within the landscape. Habitat Network

Overall Development within this area would result in perceived coalescence between the recommendation settlements of Whitecraig and Dalkeith, particularly cumulatively with the new bypass and transmission lines which already sever this landscape. Development which extends onto the more elevated slopes would introduce built development on to the Mayfield – Tranent ridge and conflict with existing settlement pattern and be visually prominent.

No landscape capacity for development

118

LCA 88 Smeaton Farmland

Strong visual boundary provided Penicuik – by Dalkeith Palace and Carberry Musselburgh foot policies and cycleway

View west to Dalkeith policies View north to edge of Whitecraig Narrow separation between Thornybank and Steep sided bing with some tree Whitecraig B growth on lower slopes

New Dalkeith by-pass cuts through the landscape character area A Route of A68 Bypass New school and community campus and extensive housing development Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge Cowden Cleuch Burn Route of A68 Dalkeith Landscape capacity for bypass development

Local authority boundary

View west from near Smeaton Shaw, Arthur’s Seat in distance 119 120

LCA 95: OLD CRAIGHALL Area A lies between the A1 and the marshalling yard

Area B includes the area to the west of the A720 and Old Craighall

Area C lies to the east of the A720 and Dalkeith Palace policies

Area D lies to the west of Monktonhall golf course, north of the A1

Summary of key landscape and open space characteristics

• Highly fragmented landscape resulting from areas of derelict and disturbed land and dominance of roads, railways and electricity transmission lines

• High level of visibility from A1 and A720

• This landscape will be subject to change as part of the new development which takes place in the Shawfair/Millerhill area and plays an important role in separation between the new development and Musselburgh

• Very limited open space or recreational role

• Limited current role as part of the forest habitat network, however potential to enhance links along A1 and to south

Criteria

Impact of development on The landscape comprises flat to gently sloping fields and is strongly influenced by the local and wider the numerous transport routes which cut across the landscape including the A1, landscape character and A720 and east coast mainline railway. In addition the high lighting gantries at the setting and the broader marshalling yard are visible through the perimeter trees. pattern of settlement This landscape includes the small scale development at Old Craighall, and nearby the urban edge of Monktonhall to the north of the east coast mainline railway. The existing pattern of development within the landscape is largely irregular and new development would not conflict with this pattern, however the landscape performs a greater function in terms of physical and visual separation between the new development at Shawfair, Edinburgh and Musselburgh.

Impact of development on Existing settlement within the landscape is at Old Craighall with houses located existing settlement form along the road. The current settlement edge is not strongly defined, however the and boundaries main landscape features which could provide a new defensible boundary would be the A720 and A1, as well as the B6415. The proximity to these busy transport routes would have a negative impact on the amenity of any housing development.

Relative visibility and All of the areas within this landscape are relatively highly visible due to the prominence of the area in proximity to busy transport routes. However Area D is less prominent than the question both locally and in other landscape areas, being further removed from these routes. the wider landscape

Relationship between the There is limited provision for recreation in this area, and only Area D is related area in question and open to Monktonhall golf course. space, access networks and land use

Potential role of existing or The landscape lacks many distinctive features, however the most prominent is the

121 additional landscape woodland associated with the disused railway which connects to the marshalling features (such as structural yard and the perimeter woodland of the yard itself. landscaping) in integrating development within the The area includes only isolated areas of the FHN, and there are particular local and wider landscape opportunities for enhancing connections along the A1, to the Dalkeith policy and existing and potential woodlands to the south west and to the woodland associated with the links with the Forest marshalling yard to the west. Habitat Network

Overall This is not a landscape of distinctive character and quality and could recommendation accommodate built development across areas A and B.

Areas A and B are strongly influenced by the adjacent roads which create noise and movement. Some residential development could be accommodated in landscape terms, as an extension to Old Craighall however this landscape is also important in providing visual and perceptual separation between Edinburgh and Musselburgh, and this role will become even more significant as the development at Shawfair progresses.

Development in Area C would reduce the integrity of the Dalkeith policy woodlands as these fields provide a foreground in views from the A720. In addition the bypass creates a strong physical and perceptual boundary between the existing development at Old Craighall and the policy influenced landscape to the east.

Development to the south of the east coast mainline railway and north of the A1 lacks visual association with Musselburgh, and physical connectivity.

Moderate landscape capacity for development associated with Old Craighall, however this would reduce physical and visual separation between the new development at Shawfair and future development north of the A1 associated with Musselburgh.

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LCA 95 Old Craighall

Queen Margaret University College Campus

Views contained by perimeter woodland

View west from A1 to Marshalling Yard

A Lighting gantries stand D above perimeter trees

Elevated views from A1 View east from overbridge on A720 to woodland belt

B C Key

Green belt

Landscape character area

Potential FHN link or landscaping

Strong containing edge

Landscape capacity for development City bypass Fields provide Local authority boundary foreground to policies View west from overbridge on A720 to new development at Old Craighall

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APPENDIX 1 Stage 2 Evaluation form

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LCA

Criteria Decision rules

Impact of development on What are the key landscape the local and wider characteristics in terms of landscape character and scale, landform etc and would setting and the broader development conflict with pattern of settlement these?

What is the existing settlement pattern?

Would development within this area conflict with this pattern?

Impact of development on Does the existing settlement existing settlement form form follow key patterns or and boundaries landscape features?

Does the current settlement edge have a strong and defined boundary?

Are there key landscape features which could form a new defensible boundary within the landscape character area, or at its edge?

Relative visibility and Are there large numbers of prominence of the area in receptors for the LCA question both locally and in through physical prominence, the wider landscape proximity to the existing settlement edge, recreational use or proximity to transport routes?

Relationship between the Does the LCA include key area in question and open access links with adjacent space, access networks and areas? land use Does the LCA have a strong association with adjacent land uses?

Does the LCA have a strong association with adjacent areas of open space?

Potential role of existing or What existing landscape additional landscape features are important and features (such as structural could be developed to landscaping) in integrating enhance the landscape value development within the of the area? local and wider landscape and existing and potential Does the LCA include links with the Forest components of the FHN?

127 LCA

Criteria Decision rules

Habitat Network Does the LCA include key potential links with the surrounding FHN?

Overall Summarising the information recommendation above, drawing on landscape and open space considerations provide a recommendation on the capacity of the area to accommodate built development.

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