과 자주초롱꽃 (C. Punctata Lam. Var. Rubriflora Mak.)의 교잡을 통한 자주색 꽃을 가진 왜성 초롱꽃 ‘직녀’ 육성
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Systematic Studies of the South African Campanulaceae Sensu Stricto with an Emphasis on Generic Delimitations
Town The copyright of this thesis rests with the University of Cape Town. No quotation from it or information derivedCape from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of theof source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non-commercial research purposes only. University Systematic studies of the South African Campanulaceae sensu stricto with an emphasis on generic delimitations Christopher Nelson Cupido Thesis presented for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Botany Town UNIVERSITY OF CAPECape TOWN of September 2009 University Roella incurva Merciera eckloniana Microcodon glomeratus Prismatocarpus diffusus Town Wahlenbergia rubioides Cape of Wahlenbergia paniculata (blue), W. annularis (white) Siphocodon spartioides University Rhigiophyllum squarrosum Wahlenbergia procumbens Representatives of Campanulaceae diversity in South Africa ii Town Dedicated to Ursula, Denroy, Danielle and my parents Cape of University iii Town DECLARATION Cape I confirm that this is my ownof work and the use of all material from other sources has been properly and fully acknowledged. University Christopher N Cupido Cape Town, September 2009 iv Systematic studies of the South African Campanulaceae sensu stricto with an emphasis on generic delimitations Christopher Nelson Cupido September 2009 ABSTRACT The South African Campanulaceae sensu stricto, comprising 10 genera, represent the most diverse lineage of the family in the southern hemisphere. In this study two phylogenies are reconstructed using parsimony and Bayesian methods. A family-level phylogeny was estimated to test the monophyly and time of divergence of the South African lineage. This analysis, based on a published ITS phylogeny and an additional ten South African taxa, showed a strongly supported South African clade sister to the campanuloids. -
Accd Nuclear Transfer of Platycodon Grandiflorum and the Plastid of Early
Hong et al. BMC Genomics (2017) 18:607 DOI 10.1186/s12864-017-4014-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access accD nuclear transfer of Platycodon grandiflorum and the plastid of early Campanulaceae Chang Pyo Hong1, Jihye Park2, Yi Lee3, Minjee Lee2, Sin Gi Park1, Yurry Uhm4, Jungho Lee2* and Chang-Kug Kim5* Abstract Background: Campanulaceae species are known to have highly rearranged plastid genomes lacking the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) subunit D gene (accD), and instead have a nuclear (nr)-accD. Plastid genome information has been thought to depend on studies concerning Trachelium caeruleum and genome announcements for Adenophora remotiflora, Campanula takesimana, and Hanabusaya asiatica. RNA editing information for plastid genes is currently unavailable for Campanulaceae. To understand plastid genome evolution in Campanulaceae, we have sequenced and characterized the chloroplast (cp) genome and nr-accD of Platycodon grandiflorum, a basal member of Campanulaceae. Results: We sequenced the 171,818 bp cp genome containing a 79,061 bp large single-copy (LSC) region, a 42,433 bp inverted repeat (IR) and a 7840 bp small single-copy (SSC) region, which represents the cp genome with the largest IR among species of Campanulaceae. The genome contains 110 genes and 18 introns, comprising 77 protein-coding genes, four RNA genes, 29 tRNA genes, 17 group II introns, and one group I intron. RNA editing of genes was detected in 18 sites of 14 protein-coding genes. Platycodon has an IR containing a 3′ rps12 operon, which occurs in the middle of the LSC region in four other species of Campanulaceae (T. caeruleum, A. remotiflora, C. -
Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of Geraniaceae In
Systematic Botany (2008), 33(2): pp. 326–342 © Copyright 2008 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of Geraniaceae in Relation to Climate Changes and Pollination Ecology Omar Fiz, Pablo Vargas, Marisa Alarcón, Carlos Aedo, José Luis García, and Juan José Aldasoro1 Real Jardín Botanico de Madrid, CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain 1Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Communicating Editor: Mark P. Simmons Abstract—Chloroplast (trnL–F and rbcL) sequences were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of Geraniaceae and Hypseocharitaceae. According to these data Hypseocharitaceae and Geraniaceae are monophyletic. Pelargonium and Monsonia are sisters to the largest clade of Geraniaceae, formed by Geranium, Erodium and California. According to molecular dating and dispersal-vicariance analysis, the split of the stem branches of Geraniaceae probably occurred during the Oligocene, in southern Africa or in southern Africa plus the Mediterranean area. However, their diversification occurred during the Miocene, coinciding with the beginning of major aridification events in their distribution areas. An ancestor of the largest clade of Geraniaceae (Geranium, Erodium, and California) colonised a number of habitats in the northern hemisphere and in South American mountain ranges. In summary, the evolution of the Geraniaceae is marked by the dispersal of ancestors from Southern Africa to cold, temperate and often disturbed habitats in the rest of world, where only generalist pollination and facultative autogamy could ensure sufficient seed production and survival. Keywords—autocompatibility, dispersal-vicariance, drought-tolerance, molecular dating, nectaries, P/O indexes. The Geraniaceae are included in the order Geraniales along are characteristic of the Afro-Arabian land mass (Hutchin- with the families Francoaceae, Greyiaceae, Ledocarpaceae, son 1969). -
Reconstructing the History of Campanulaceae.Pdf
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52 (2009) 575–587 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Reconstructing the history of Campanulaceae with a Bayesian approach to molecular dating and dispersal–vicariance analyses Cristina Roquet a,b,*, Isabel Sanmartín c, Núria Garcia-Jacas a, Llorenç Sáez b, Alfonso Susanna a, Niklas Wikström d, Juan José Aldasoro c a Institut Botànic de Barcelona (CSIC-ICUB), Passeig del Migdia s. n., Parc de Montjuïc, E-08038 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain b Unitat de Botànica, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain c Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (CSIC), Plaza de Murillo, 2, E-28014 Madrid, Spain d Evolutionsbiologiskt centrum, University of Uppsala, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden article info abstract Article history: We reconstruct here the spatial and temporal evolution of the Campanula alliance in order to better Received 19 June 2008 understand its evolutionary history. To increase phylogenetic resolution among major groups (Wahlen- Revised 6 May 2009 bergieae–Campanuleae), new sequences from the rbcL region were added to the trnL-F dataset obtained Accepted 15 May 2009 in a previous study. These phylogenies were used to infer ancestral areas and divergence times in Cam- Available online 21 May 2009 panula and related genera using a Bayesian approach to molecular dating and dispersal–vicariance anal- yses that takes into account phylogenetic uncertainty. The new phylogenetic analysis confirms Keywords: Platycodoneae as the sister group of Wahlenbergieae–Campanuleae, the two last ones inter-graded into Bayes-DIVA, Molecular dating a well-supported clade. -
Eriogonum Exilifolium Reveal (Dropleaf Buckwheat): a Technical Conservation Assessment
Eriogonum exilifolium Reveal (dropleaf buckwheat): A Technical Conservation Assessment Prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Species Conservation Project January 27, 2006 David G. Anderson Colorado Natural Heritage Program Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523-8002 Peer Review Administered by Center for Plant Conservation Anderson, D.G. (2006, January 27). Eriogonum exilifolium Reveal (dropleaf buckwheat): a technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/ projects/scp/assessments/eriogonumexilifolium.pdf [date of access]. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The helpfulness and generosity of many people, particularly Chuck Cesar, Janet Coles, Denise Culver, Georgia Doyle, Walt Fertig, Bonnie Heidel, Mary Jane Howell, Lynn Johnson, Barry Johnston, Jennifer Jones, George Jones, Ellen Mayo, Ernie Nelson, John Proctor, James Reveal, Richard Scully, and William Weber, are gratefully acknowledged. Their interest in the project and time spent answering questions were extremely valuable, and their insights into the threats, habitat, and ecology of Eriogonum exilifolium were crucial to this project. Richard Scully and Mary Jane Howell spent countless hours as volunteers surveying for E. exilifolium in Larimer, Jackson, Grand, and Albany counties in 2004 and 2005, and much credit goes to them for expanding our knowledge of this species. The quality of their work has been excellent. John Proctor provided valuable information and photographs of this species on National Forest System lands. Thanks also to Beth Burkhart, Greg Hayward, Gary Patton, Jim Maxwell, Kimberly Nguyen, Andy Kratz, Joy Bartlett, and Kathy Roche, and Janet Coles for assisting with questions and project management. Vernon LaFontaine, Wendy Haas, and John Proctor provided information on grazing allotment status. -
Distribution of Vascular Plants Along the Altitudinal Gradient of Gyebangsan (Mt.) in Korea
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 7 (2014) e40ee71 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/journals/journal-of-asia-pacific- biodiversity/2287-884x Original article Distribution of vascular plants along the altitudinal gradient of Gyebangsan (Mt.) in Korea Jong-Cheol Yang*, Hee-Suk Hwang, Hye-Jeong Lee, Su-Young Jung, Seong-Jin Ji, Seung-Hwan Oh, You-Mi Lee Division of Forest Biodiversity and Herbarium, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Gyeonggi 487-821, Republic of Korea article info abstract Article history: This study was conducted to examine the distribution of vascular plants along the altitudinal gradient Received 31 December 2013 and investigation routes of Gyebangsan (Mt.) in Korea. The total number of flora of Gyebangsan (Mt.) was Received in revised form 510 taxa in total, comprising 83 families, 283 genera, 449 species, four subspecies, 52 varieties and five 11 February 2014 forms. In the flora of this area, 14 taxa were Korean endemic plants and 17 taxa were rare plants. Accepted 11 February 2014 Naturalized plants in Korea numbered 27 taxa. The number of vascular plants monotonically decreased Available online 15 March 2014 with increasing altitude. In contrast, the rare plants mostly increased with increasing altitude. The endemic plants of Korea did not show any special pattern by altitude gradient. The naturalized plants Keywords: Gyebangsan (Mt.) altitude were mainly distributed at the open area below 1000 m. Ó Distribution Copyright 2014, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Korea endemic plant Production and hosting by ELSEVIER. All rights reserved. -
Eriogonum Brandegeei Rydberg (Brandegee's Buckwheat)
Eriogonum brandegeei Rydberg (Brandegee’s buckwheat): A Technical Conservation Assessment Prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Species Conservation Project February 27, 2006 David G. Anderson Colorado Natural Heritage Program Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523-8002 Peer Review Administered by Center for Plant Conservation Anderson, D.G. (2006, February 27). Eriogonum brandegeei Reveal (Brandegee’s buckwheat): a technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available: http:// www.fs.fed.us/r2/projects/scp/assessments/eriogonumbrandegeei.pdf [date of access]. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The helpfulness and generosity of many experts, particularly Erik Brekke, Janet Coles, Carol Dawson, Brian Elliott, Tom Grant, Bill Jennings, Barry Johnston, Ellen Mayo, Tamara Naumann, Susan Spackman Panjabi, Jerry Powell, and James Reveal, are gratefully acknowledged. Thanks also to Greg Hayward, Gary Patton, Jim Maxwell, Andy Kratz, and Joy Bartlett for assisting with questions and project management. Carmen Morales, Kathy Alvarez, Mary Olivas, Jane Nusbaum, and Barbara Brayfield helped with project management. Susan Spackman Panjabi provided data on the floral visitation of Eriogonum brandegeei. Annette Miller provided information for the assessment on seed storage status. Karin Decker offered advice and technical expertise on map production. Ron Hartman, Ernie Nelson, and Joy Handley provided assistance and specimen label data from the Rocky Mountain Herbarium. Nan Lederer and Tim Hogan provided assistance at the University of Colorado Herbarium, as did Janet Wingate at the Kalmbach Herbarium and Jennifer Ackerfield and Mark Simmons at the Colorado State University Herbarium. Shannon Gilpin assisted with literature acquisition. Thanks also to my family (Jen, Cleome, and Melia) for their support. -
Chemical Constituents of the Leaves of Campanula Takesimana (Korean Bellflower) and Their Inhibitory Effects on LPS-Induced PGE2 Production
plants Article Chemical Constituents of the Leaves of Campanula takesimana (Korean Bellflower) and Their Inhibitory Effects on LPS-induced PGE2 Production Yutong Qi 1 , Se-In Choi 1, So-Ri Son 1, Hee-Soo Han 1, Hye Shin Ahn 2, Yu-Kyong Shin 2, Sun Hee Lee 2, Kyung-Tae Lee 1 , Hak Cheol Kwon 3 and Dae Sik Jang 1,* 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; [email protected] (Y.Q.); [email protected] (S.-I.C.); [email protected] (S.-R.S.); [email protected] (H.-S.H.); [email protected] (K.-T.L.) 2 Department of New Material Development, COSMAX BIO, Seongnam 13486, Korea; [email protected] (H.S.A.); [email protected] (Y.-K.S.); [email protected] (S.H.L.) 3 Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 25451, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-961-0719 Received: 1 September 2020; Accepted: 17 September 2020; Published: 18 September 2020 Abstract: Campanula takesimana Nakai (Campanulaceae; Korean bellflower) is one of the endemic herbs of Korea. The plant has been used as traditional medicines for treating asthma, tonsillitis, and sore throat in Korea. A hot water extract of the leaves of C. takesimana exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Repetitive chromatographic separation of the hot water extract led to the isolation of three new neolignan glucosides, campanulalignans A–C (1–3), with 15 known compounds (4–18). -
Phylogenetic Distribution and Evolution of Mycorrhizas in Land Plants
Mycorrhiza (2006) 16: 299–363 DOI 10.1007/s00572-005-0033-6 REVIEW B. Wang . Y.-L. Qiu Phylogenetic distribution and evolution of mycorrhizas in land plants Received: 22 June 2005 / Accepted: 15 December 2005 / Published online: 6 May 2006 # Springer-Verlag 2006 Abstract A survey of 659 papers mostly published since plants (Pirozynski and Malloch 1975; Malloch et al. 1980; 1987 was conducted to compile a checklist of mycorrhizal Harley and Harley 1987; Trappe 1987; Selosse and Le Tacon occurrence among 3,617 species (263 families) of land 1998;Readetal.2000; Brundrett 2002). Since Nägeli first plants. A plant phylogeny was then used to map the my- described them in 1842 (see Koide and Mosse 2004), only a corrhizal information to examine evolutionary patterns. Sev- few major surveys have been conducted on their phyloge- eral findings from this survey enhance our understanding of netic distribution in various groups of land plants either by the roles of mycorrhizas in the origin and subsequent diver- retrieving information from literature or through direct ob- sification of land plants. First, 80 and 92% of surveyed land servation (Trappe 1987; Harley and Harley 1987;Newman plant species and families are mycorrhizal. Second, arbus- and Reddell 1987). Trappe (1987) gathered information on cular mycorrhiza (AM) is the predominant and ancestral type the presence and absence of mycorrhizas in 6,507 species of of mycorrhiza in land plants. Its occurrence in a vast majority angiosperms investigated in previous studies and mapped the of land plants and early-diverging lineages of liverworts phylogenetic distribution of mycorrhizas using the classifi- suggests that the origin of AM probably coincided with the cation system by Cronquist (1981). -
INFORMATION to USERS the Quality of This Reproduction Is
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UME films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter 6ce, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard m ar^s, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zed) Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES GARDENS AND LANDSCAPES Volume I DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Denise Wiles Adams, B.S. -
Potential Functional Replacement of the Plastidic Acetyl-Coa Carboxylase Subunit (Accd) Gene by Recent Transfers to the Nucleus
Potential Functional Replacement of the Plastidic Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Subunit (accD)Geneby Recent Transfers to the Nucleus in Some Angiosperm Lineages1[W][OA] Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin2*, Xun Huang, Emily Higginson, Michael Ayliffe, Anil Day, and Jeremy N. Timmis School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia (M.R.-G., E.H., J.N.T.); Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom (X.H., A.D.); and Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (M.A.) Eukaryotic cells originated when an ancestor of the nucleated cell engulfed bacterial endosymbionts that gradually evolved into the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. Soon after these endosymbiotic events, thousands of ancestral prokaryotic genes were functionally transferred from the endosymbionts to the nucleus. This process of functional gene relocation, now rare in eukaryotes, continues in angiosperms. In this article, we show that the chloroplastic acetyl-CoA carboxylase subunit (accD) gene that is present in the plastome of most angiosperms has been functionally relocated to the nucleus in the Campanulaceae. Surprisingly, the nucleus-encoded accD transcript is considerably smaller than the plastidic version, consisting of little more than the carboxylase domain of the plastidic accD gene fused to a coding region encoding a plastid targeting peptide. We verified experimentally the presence of a chloroplastic transit peptide by showing that the product of the nuclear accD fused to green fluorescent protein was imported in the chloroplasts. The nuclear gene regulatory elements that enabled the erstwhile plastidic gene to become functional in the nuclear genome were identified, and the evolution of the intronic and exonic sequences in the nucleus is described. -
2016 Conference Program
International Conference on Germplasm of Ornamentals (7-13 August 2016 /Atlanta, USA) “Better Ornamental Plants for the Better World!” Table of Content Conveners ······················································································· Cover Page Table of Content ····························································································· 02 Welcome Address (by ISHS President) ································································· 03 Scientific Committee ······················································································· 03 Organization Committee ··················································································· 03 Keynote and Invited Speakers ············································································· 04 Sponsors ······································································································ 04 Programs and Tours ························································································· 05 Abstracts for New Ornamentals, Selection and Breeding ············································· 09 Abstracts for Germplasm Resources, Ornamental Exploration and Utilization ···················· 23 Abstracts for Application of Modern Technology, Conservation and Sustainability ··············· 37 Author and Speaker Index ················································································· 57 Hotel Information ··························································································· 60