SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN 1 ^ - 1 9 6 1

Andhra Pradesh

Planning and Development Department ,

1957 PREFACE

With the Reorganisation of States from 1st November 1956, the need for an integrated Plan of Andhra Pradesh comprising the plan of erstwhile Andhra and that relating to the region of erstwhile Hyderabad was increasingly felt. After the formation of Andhra Pradesh, we could only obtain a tentative break-up of the Com­ posite Hyderabad State Plan. The allocation of the pkn of erstwhile Hyderabad between Telangana, Kar­ nataka and Maiathwada has been approved only recently by the Planning Commission. An attempt has, therefore, been made to brmg together the revised plan of the Ardhra region and the plan for the Telangana region in order to provide the plan of Andhra Pradesh and the result is the present publication.

This publication is divided into three parts. Part I deals with the General aspects and gives a bird’s-eye view of the economy of the State together with an outline of the Second Plan and how it is proposed to be financed. Part II gives in detail the schemes proposed to be im­ plemented along with the targets programmed to be achieved and Part III contains statistical appendices rekvant to the plan schemes.

Schemes included in the plan and not yet taken over for execution in 1956-57 or 1957-58 will have to be im­ plemented in the next three years. Although the plan is flexible to admit of changes in the schemes included in the plan, the greatest amount of care has to be exercised by the Departments in proposing changes. There are, naturally, uncertainties attached to the various estimates made for the Five-Year Period. Some of the programmes set forth in the plan may take a little more time for com­ pletion while in a few cases they may be completed earlier. Thm there are developments at home and abroad, mostly economic, which may necessitate adjustments in the Pkn. The State Government operates in terms of an annual budget which offers a natural opportunity for re\iewing and adjusting the phasing indicated in the

iii IV

Five-Year Plan. It is hoped that such opportunity will be availed of by Departments in good time for a thorougli review of the schemes and their phasing.

Hyderabad C. N a r a s im h a m , 10th Julpt 1957. Secretary to Government^ Planning and Development Department. CONTENT^ Page No.

Peeface ,. Ill

PART I—GENERAL

Chapter I ,. Andhra Pradesh and its Economy 3 Chapter II .. The First Five Year Plan—^A Retrospect .. .. 17 Chapter III .. Second Plan in Outline .. 28 Chapter IV .. Finances for the Second Plan .. 35 Chapter V .. Employment Aspects of the Plan 43

PART II—PROGRAMMES OF DEVELOPMENT

Ch a p t e r VI .. Agricultural Production 49 Ch a p t e r VII .. Minor Irrigation 75 Ch a p t e r VIII .. Land Development 80 Ch a p t e r IX .. Animal Husbandry 82 Ch a p t e r X .. Dairying and Milk Supply 91 Ch a p t e r XI .. Forests 94

Ch a p t e r XII .. Soil Conservation 99 Ch a p t e r XIII .. Fisheries 102 Ch a p t e r XIV .. Co-operation 112

Ch a t t e r XV .. Warehousing and Marketing 117 Ch a p t e r XVI .. Miscellaneous 123

Ch a ?t e r XVII .. N.E.S. and Community Projects .. 127

Ch a ?t e r XVIII .. Multipurpose Project 131 Ch a p t e r XIX .. Irrigation 133 (Major and Medium) CaAFTER XX Power 140

C j a i t e r XXI .. Major and Medium Industries 146 ClAITER XXII .. Village and Small Scale Industries 150 CkAlTER XXIII .. Roads 175 ClAITER XXIV .. Education 182 ClAFTER XXV .. Medical 199 ClAFTER XXVI .. Public Health 209 ClAPTER XXVII .. Housing 218 ClAPTER XXVIII .. Labour and Labour Welfare 223 CUPTER XXIX .. Welfare of Backward Classes and Scheduled Castes v. 229 CUPTEB X X X .. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes 289 VI

Chapter X X X I .. Women Welfare 261 Chapter X X X I I Social Welfare 263 Chapter X X X I I I . . Development of Capital. 268 Chapter X X X I V . . Municipal Roads and Development Works 270 Chapter X X X V . . Broadcasting 272 Chapter X X X V I .. Publicity .. 274 Chapter X X X V I I . . Bureau of Economics and Statistics • . . 275

PART Ill-APPENDICES

A ppendix N o. I .. Piiasing of Plan Provision for Second Five Year Plan 284 A ppendix N o. II .. Financial Break up of Plan Provision 292! A ppendix N o. I l l . . Man Power requirements 29^ A ppendix N o. IV .. Agricultural Px’oduction 801 A ppendix N o. V .. Minor Irrigation 820 A ppendix N o. V I .. Land Development 322 A ppendix N o. V II . . Animal Husbandry 823 A ppendix N o. V III .. Dairying and Milk Supply 832 A ppendix N o. I X . . Forests 834 A ppendix N o. X .. Soil Conservation. 887 A ppendix N o. X I . . Fisheries , . 84(0 A ppendix N o. X I I . . Co-operation 344 A ppendix N o, X III .. Warehousing and Marketing 846 A ppendix N o. X IV . . Miscellaneous 34<8 A ppendix N o. X V . . N.E.S. and Community Projects . . 349 A ppendix N o. X V I . . Multipurpose Project 35i0 A ppendix N o. X V II .. Irrigation 35il (Major and Medium) A ppendix N o. X V III Power 858 A ppendix N o. X I X . . Major and Medium Industries 362 Appendix No. XX . . Village and Small Scale Industries 368 A ppendix N o. X X I .. Roads 383 A ppendix N o. X X I I . . Education 885 A ppendix N o. X X I I I . . Medical . . .. 387 A ppendix N o. X X I V . . Public Health 3®4 A ppendix N o. X X V .. Housing ...... 4<02 A ppendix N o. X X V I .. Labour and Labour Welfare 4<04 A ppendix N o. X X V I I Welfare of Backward Classed and Scheduled Castes . . .. 4108 A ppendix N o. X X V I I I Welfare of Scheduled Tribes 411 A ppendix N o. X X I X . . Women Welfare #265 A p p e n d i x No. XXX .. Social Welfare .. i . 4t27^ V l l

A?PENfDix No. X X X I . . Development of Capital 428 A?pe^dix Nq. XXXII Municipal Roads and Development Works 430 Ajpejdix No. X X X III Broadcasting 431 A > p e jd ix No. XXXIV Publicity 482 A}pE?Dix No. X X XV . . Bureau of Economics and Statistics 434 PART I General

C h a p te r I .

ANDHRA PRADESH AND ITS ECONOMY.

Physical Features:

Andhra Pradesh which came into being on 1st November, 1956 is the fifth largest reorganised State of and the fourth most populous state of the country. She has an area of 1,06,0-11 square miles which is 8.4 per cent, of the total area of the country and extends from Chanda in the North to Chittoor ii\ the South and from in the West fo the Baj of Bengal in the East. The State has a long coast line of 540 miles along the and is bounded by Orissa and in the North, Bombay in the West and Madras and Mysore in the South. In general terms the State lies between latitude 15° and 20° N and longitude 78° and 85°E. Extending over part of the and the Eastern Coastland the territory of the state is generally cons­ tituted by uplands in the West sloping down to fertile low lands in the East. It is centrally situated in South India in respect of communications, all important roads, railways and ail routes from Delhi to Trivandrum and from Bombay to Madras having to pass through it. The land is more fertile in the central portion of the State around the river valleys and the coastal strip while towards the borders of the other three sides the terrain is less productive.

CliTnate:

The climate is quite hot for a major portion of the year and :n certain parts of the State the summer and winter are quite severe during short periods of the year. The summer seascn begins from March and lasts till May, the rainy season from June to September, the transitional season from October to November and the cold or winter season from December to Febmary. May is generally the hottest month, the mer­ cury sometimes shooting up to 120°F in some parts of the State. The hottest portions lie in , Krishna and Khaainiam districts where the heat is oppressive for a brief pericd in mid summer. 4

There are certain places in the State suitable as summer resorts, the more famous among them being Visakha- patnam, Bhimunipatnam, Uppada, Wadarevu, Madana- palle and Penugonda.

Rainfall'. Rainfall varies generally according to regions. The maximum average rainfall in Andhra area is received by East Godavary district and the minimum by Anantapur district. In Telangana area the maximum rainfall is received by district and the minimum by Hyderabad dis­ trict. The following table will give the normal rainfall and rainfall in 1954-55 in the various districts of the State.

T able I. District-wise Rainfall (In Inches).

SI. District. Normal Actual. No. (1954-55)

(1) " (2) (3) (4)

1. Srikakulam 43 0* 44 -8 2. 89 -0* 58 -4 3. East Godavari .. 45 -7* 53 -5 4. West Godavari .. 40 -7* 53 *4 5. Krishna 87 -0* 48 -8 6. Guntur 82 -4* 38 -4 7. 35*1* 44 -1 8. Kurnool 24 -2* 24 -3 9. Anantapur 22 -4* 20 -3 10. Cuddapah 27 -1* 34 -2 11. Chittoor . . . 83 -7* 41 -5

Andhra Region. 34 6 ; 41.5 12. Hyderabad 27 -Ot 27 -2 13. Nizamabad 89 -21 86 -8 14. Medak 83 -4t 86 -5 15. Mahabubnagar .. 28 -31 30 -9 16. 27 -2t 32 -5 17. 38 -Sf 37 *6 18. 87 -7t 40 -8 19. Karimnagar 86 *91 32 -3 20. Adilabad 44 -7t 89 -8

Telangana Region 36 -7 84 -9'

* Average rainfall for a series of years ending with 1940t -j- Normal for 34 years, The main rainy season commences in June and ends in September, while sporadic falls occur throughout the year in different regions. Often the rainfall is erratic and un­ predictable, being heavy sometimes at the beginning of the season and sometimes at the end. Generally the eastern portion receives more rain than the Western. Through the river valleys in the East the cyclones from the Bay of Bengal penetrate into the land but do not reach the Western part easily because of the hilly nature of the terrain. m is I ■ Besides the highest peak of Mahendragiri, 4920 feet above sea level, in the northern most part, other hill ranges include Palakondalu which are 4,000 feet high, Galikondalu, Velagada hill, Simhachalam, Golgondas, the Dolphin’s nose at the port of Visakhapatnam, the Anantagiri hills, the Nallamalai hills, the Sahayadri range, the North Balaghat rar.ge and the Deverkonda and hills. The Eastern part of the land is spotted with hillocks of the and is now generally a fertile plateau. As we come down Southwards, in the , there are the Annavarapu Satyanarayana Konda, Doom Konda and Papi Kondalu which are between 2,000 and 4,000 feet high. In the there are hillocks near Kowur and Dwaraka Tirumala. In Guntur district there are Canikonda, Nagarjuna Konda, Bellamkonda, Kondavidu, Kotappakonda, Vinukonda, Chimakurthi, Mangalagiri, Sitanagaram and Undavalli hills.

The Sahayadri range of hills stretches from in Eombay State to Adilabad where it is known as the Nirmal or Satmal Range. From there it branches off in a South Easterly direction with the name Kandikal Gutta range. Still farther in Khammamet district it continues as isolated hills kno^^Ti as Yellandlapad, Rajgutta, Errakonda and Buigampahad. The N^orth Balaghat range stretches into Vicarabad area in as Anantagiri hills while the South Bala­ ghat range runs from Ashti in Bhir district of Bombay to Nalgonda in South Western and South Eastern directions. This rmge passes through the districts of Hyderabad, Maha- bubna^ar and Nalgonda. In Nalgonda there are other hills like Deverkonda and Bhongir, 6

The Cuddapah district has Seshachalam and Palakondalu. In Kurnool district there is the Nallamalai range which is 70 miles long and 25 miles broad and has a height of 3,000 feet. The highest peak in the range, Bairenikonda is 3,150 feet high. The Nallamalai forest is one of the most beautiful in the country in respect of vegetation, fauna and scenery. In the borders of Kurnool and Nellore districts there are the hills called Veligondalu. The Penugonda, Madakasira and Mallappa hills are in the centre of Anantapur district. In Chittoor district, there are the Harla hills in the North West of Madanapalli. There are also the Avulapalli hills and the Venkateswara hills. Forests', The State has an area of 14,026,000 acres of forests which constitutes 21. 1 per cent, of its geographical area. The forests in West Godavari region yield soapnut, tamarind and honey. In the districts of Adilabad and Warangal which contain extensive forests, besides other usual products, bam­ boo suitable for the manufacture of paper is available. Sandal, teak, Shisham, ebony, Mahua, Regu and Sandra are some of the species available in the ever green forests in Karimnagar, Mahabubnagar, Nizambad and Khammam districts. The scrub land region comprising Northern , Hyderabad, Nalgonda and Medak districts has mostly stunted trees like Seethaphal and Jungli Anar as also toddy palms. Some of the grasses yield fragrant oils like Rusa grass in . Spear and Koopri grasses found in give valuable fibres for making paper. Besides timber and firewood the forests yield lac, gums, bark for tanning, wax, canes and medicinal herbs. Indigenous vegetable dyes for colouring cloth and toys are prepared from certain plants. A variety of wild animals like tigers and leopards are also found. Perhaps, next to Mysore State, Andhra Pradesh contains the greatest variety of wild animals and birds. Bison are found in the immense jungle around Pakhal lake in Warangal'district, four horned antilope, hog, deer and gazelle are found in highlands in different parts of the State. Other animals found are bears, hyenas, wolves, tigercats and jackals. Among birds of interest are snipe, painted patridge, blue rock and green pigeon, sandgrouse, quail, bustard, peafowl, jungle fowl, wild duck, wild geese and teal. On the banks of the big rivers are sometimes seen the florican and the flamingo. Uivers: The Godavari with a total length of 870 miles which flows through the State has its origin at Triambak hills near Nasik in the and runs through the districts of Nizam- abad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Medak, Warangal, Khamma- met, East Godavari and West Godavari. At Kunavaram, it takes in the tributary, Sabari and there is a diversion at Dom- migudem. The river flows by and through the Papikondalu and then becomes wider and forms several is­ lands. In its final stage the river splits into two arms and joins the sea in seven branches known as the Sapta Godavari. The Krislma, which is 800 miles long, rises near Mahaba- les^va^ in the Western Ghats and flowing East, takes in the Veni at . Running through Shola{)ur and Raichur, it passes Srisailam where it is known as Pathalaganga. Then the river flows through the valley of the Nallamalai hills, pas­ ses Xagarjunakonda and Eleswaram and Nandikonda village near the site of the Nagarjunasagar and running fur­ ther east, passes INIuktyal, Dhanyakataka-Amaravathi, and after flowing another 40 miles East, joins the Bay of Bengal. The Tungabhadra, which is a confluence of the twin rivers Tunga and Bhadra that rise in the Western Ghats at Ganga- mula on the northern border of Mysore State, joins the Krishna at Sangameshwar near Alampur. The Penna or Pinakini rises in Nandidurg hills in Mysore State, flows through Anantapur, Cuddapah and Kurnool districts enters the Nellore district through the Somasila pass in Western Veligondalu. It flows all through the length of Atmakur taluk, takes in Boggeru and Biraperu, runs as border between Nellore and Kovvur Taluks and joins the sea. The river Pranhita, formed by the confluence of the Pen- ganga and Wamganga which rise from the Satpura hills in Madhya Pradesh, flows along the Eastern borders of Adil- ■abad district and falls into the Godavari near Chinnur in the same district. The Manjira has its source from the Balaghat range in Patoda, Bhir district. It forms the boundary between Nizam- abad and districts and discharges its waters into the Godavari near Kondalawadi in Nanded district. The Manair, 80 miles long, has its origin in the Sirsilla hills in and as it flows through isolated hills and stony wastes, numerous streams join it from either side. It joins the Godavari in Mahadevpur taluk of the same district.

The Dindi river or the Dandivagu also known as MeeKam- baram, 95 miles long, emerges in the Shahabad hills in Maha- bubnagar district, flows through Amrabad and Nandikonda Hills and joins the Krishna South of Yeleshwaram.

The Maktal is a perennial stream rising in the Gurumatkal hills forming a low plateau in Yadgir taluk of Gulbarga dis­ trict. After running 32 miles the stream joins the Krishna at Makhtal.

The Musi, 157 miles long, rises in Anantagiri hills and flows through the districts of Hyderabd and Nalgonda. Its upper course for about sixty miles is through hard beds of granite and boulders. It enters the Osmansagar near Hyder­ abad City. The Musi takes in the Aler Stream near Chittoor and joins the Krishna near Vadapalli in .

The Paler, which is 92 miles long, rises near Ghanapur in Nalgonda district and running as the boundary between Nalgonda and Khammamet districts, joins the Krishna south of Jaggayyapet.

The 120 mile long Munneru has its source in Pakhal tank in Warangal district and joins the Krishna in Krishna district.

There are many small rivers flowing through the Visakha- patnam and Srikakulam districts. Of these, the Bahuda is bom in Peddakimidi Malwas and joins the sea at some dis­ tance from Ichapuram. The Mahendratanaya rises on the Mahendraparvata and flows into the sea at Barua. There is another Mahendratanaya which rises in the same hills and joins the Vamsadhara in Patapatnam taluk. The Vam- sadhara born as a stream from bamboo bushes in Nimmagiri hills, passes through Gunapuram taluk and then running East, Joins the sea at Kalingapatnam. Nagavalli or Lan- gulya which is 115 miles long, has tributaries like Swarna- mukhi, Vegavati and Kumbhikota-gadda. Born in Nimma­ giri hills, it flows southwards through Parvatipuram an«d Palakonda taluks and joins the sea at Mopas Bander. The Chaiipavati is born in the hills in Gajapatinagaram taluk passes through Vizianagaram and Bhimunipatnam taluks and joins the sea at Konada. The Gosthani, born in Kasipuram hills in Srungavarapukota taluk flows through the Bhimuni­ patnam taluk and joins the sea, in Bhimunipatnam, Sarda, 45 miles long rises in Madugula in Viravalli taluk passes through Anakapalle and Sarvasidhi taluk and joins the sea, at Valada. The Khandawa river also is born in Golgqnda and flowing as the border between the Visakhapatnam and East Godavari districts join the sea at Pentakota. There are also the Indravati, the Chittivalasa yeru, the Kolab river and the Macheru in this area.

In East Godavari district there are the Eleru and the Tandava rivers.

In the Krishna district there is the Budameru which is a •collection of ferocious mountain streams.

In Guntur district there are the historic Chandravanka and Xaguleru rivers. The Paleru flows through the Chittoor and Xellore districts. In Nellore district there is the Swarna- mukhi; the also is on the border of Nellore district.

The Papaghni river flows through the Cuddapah district.

Kollem in West Godavari district, is a historic lake, being the onlj- large natural fresh water reservoir along the Andhra Coastline. It i^^ great sifallow depression roughly elliptical iin shape which was originally part of the Bay of Bengal. It iis half lake and*Ralf swamp.

The Kambh^ tank, tjie Bhavn^si tank and the Pakhal, Ramappaand Lakhnavaram Lakes .in Warangal district are others which are prominent sources of irrigation.

Administrative Units:

There are 20 districts in the State, the average area per district bemg 5,302 sq. miles. These cover 183 taluks with an average area of 589.1 sq. miles per taluk. These taluks com­ prise 1,000 revenue circles and the average area of a revenue circle is 1.5.3 sq. miles. There are 293 town§ ftnd cities ^nd 26,450 villages in the State, 2 . 10 Population:

The State has a population of 31,260,188— 15,742,912 males and 15,517,221 females which gives a density of 295 per square mile. For every 1,000 males there are 986 fe­ males. The total rural population of the State is 25,821,679 or 82.6 per cent of the total population. The total agricultural population’is 21,040,824 or 67.8 per cent of the total popu­ lation. Scheduled Castes in the State constitute 14.63 per cent of the population whereas there are about 7.67 lakhs of tribals forming 2.45 per cent of the population. Classifica­ tion of the population by the livelihood classes is given below.

T a b l e 2

Particulars Population. {In thousands)

Population depending for livelihood on :

1. Agricultural Sources ^. • • 21,040 (a) Cultivation of owned land .. « • 12,288

(b) Cultivation of un-owned land • • 2,418 (c) Agricultural labour •• • .» 5,756 (d) Renters (Agriculture) 684

2. Non-Agricultural Sources 10,220

(a) Production other than cultivation ■ 8,974 (6) Commerce .. •• • • 1,695 (c) Transport • • 448 (d) Other services ,. •• 4,108

Total •• 81,260

8, Percentage of agricultural population to total population 67.8

4, Percentage of non-agricultural population to total population .. 82.7 11

Of the total population of 81,260,188 only 11,715,000 of 37.4)8 per cent were economically active. The economically active population classified according to their livelihood classes will be found in the following table.

■ Table 3

Population' Items {In thousands)

1. Economically active Population .. 11,715 (a) In agriculture.. 8,118 \b) In production 1,563 (c) In commerce .. 580 {d) In Transport .. 142 {e) In other services and miscellaneous services 1,362 2. Total inactive population 19,545 3. Percentage of Inactive population to total population 62.52 4. Percentage of active population to total population 37.48L

Land Utilization: The total cropped area in the State is 29,881,000 acres 6r about 44.4 per cent of the total geographical area. The table below will give the classification of land im the State.

Table 4

Area, Particulars (/m lakhs of acres]

1. Total Geographical area (According to village papers) .. 664.32 2. Forests .. 140.26 (21.1) 3. Barren and uncultivable land .. 72.38 (10.8) 4. Land put to non-agricultural uses .. 33.33 (5.0) 5. Culturable waste .. 41.09 (6.2) 6. Permanent pastures and other grazing lands 28.78 (4.3) 7. Land under miscellaneous crops, trees and groves not included in the net area sown 6.23 (0.9) 8. Current Fallows .. 54.88 (8.3) 9. Other fallow lands .. 17.38 (2.6) 10. Net area sown .. 270.00 (40.6) 11. Area sown more than once 23.81

12. Total cropped area .. 293.81

Mote:— Figures in brackets indicate the percentage to the total Geographical area. Sources of Irrigation: Andhra Pradesh has more and relatively better irriga- tional facilities, than many states in India. The net irrigated area in the State in 1955-56 was about 66.8 lakh acres which constituted about 24.7 per cent of the net area sown. Canals irrigated 46.5 per cent of the net irrigated area whereas tanks accounted for 38.4 per cent of the area. Canal irrigation is predominent in the districts of East Godavari, West Goda­ vari, Krishna and Guntur and these together accounted for about 22 lakh acres or about 71 per cent of the area irrigated by canals. The area irrigated by different sources will be found in the following table.

Table 5

Area Sources of Irrigation {In lakhs of acres)

1. Net area irrigated by (a) Canals 31.02 (46.5) (b) Tanks .. 25.67 (38.4) (c) Wells 7.54 (8.8) (d) Others .. *. 2.54 (3.8)

2. Area irrigated more than once 11.57 3. Gross irrigated area .. 78.34 4. Percentage of net irrigated area to net area sown 24.7

Note. Figures in brackets indicate the percentage to the net area irrigated.

Land Holdings: According to the census of Land Holdings conducted in 1954 and 1955 the total number of land holdings in Andhra Pradesh was 42,42,655 comprising an area of 34,191,769 acres. The average size of a holding is about 8.1 acres. The census revealed that 39.87 lakh holdings are under the per­ sonal cultivation of the owners, wholly or partly, and the re­ maining 2.56 lakh land holdings are completely leased out. The area leased works out to 39.29 lakh acres or 11.5 per cent of the total owned area in holdings. The remaining 88.5 per cent or 302.63 lakh acres are under the personal cultivation of the owners and tliey include tods put to non-agricultural uses. 18

Crop Pattern and Production: 59.3 per cent of the total cropped area in 1955-56 was under cereals, 9.9 per cent under pulses and 16.0 per cent under oilseeds. Amongst other principal cash crops, cotton accounted for 8.3 per cent of the total cropped area, tobacco 10.1 per cent, chillies 1.3 per cent and sugarcane 0.6 per cent. The area under principal crops and their production during 1955-56 is given below.

Table 6

€rop Area in acres Production (1965-56 Estimates)

1. Cereals .. 17,419,000 5,120,000 tons 2. Pulses 2,896,000 246,000 „ 3. Oil seeds .. 4,547,000 1^49,000 „ 4. Chillies 387,000 101,000 „ 5. Cotton 969,000 138,000 „ 6. "^Tobacco 821,000 109,000 „

The State has reached self-sufficiency in the matter of food production and has a small surplus. The following table shows the food production from 1950-51 and the require­ ments of the State during the same period.

Table 7

(In lakhs of tons)

Produotion of requirements Surplus Cereals and Millets or deficit

1950-51 37.69 44.63 -6 .9 4 1951-52 • • 88.80 45.27 -6 .4 7 1952-58 41.55 45.86 -4 .3 1 1958-54 58.50 * 46.67 -f.6.83 1954-55 52.97 47.14 +5.88 1955-56 •• 50.30 47.65 +2.74 14

Livestock and Poultry:

The total livestock population of the State is 29,513,000 which constitutes 9.6 per cent of the livestock in the country and the total poultry number 14,737,000 or 15.1 per cent of the population of poultry in the country. The total milk production of the state is of the order of 1.55 million tons.

Minerals: The State is rich in several minerals. At present, she is the principal supplier of coal to South India. The State accounts for all the production of Barytes and more than half the output of asbestos in the country comes from this State. Manganese and Mica production account for about 12 and 11 per cent respectively of the total production in the country. She has iron ore, steatite, graphite, felspar and chromite also. Nearly 12 per cent of the country’s graphite and 30 per cent of felspar is produced in Andhra Pradesh. The potentialities for increased mineral production is great and will improve it the unexplored area of the Andhra area is explored.

Industry: The principal industries of Andhra Pradesh are Textiles, Cotton and Jute, Sugar, Paper, Cement and Cigarettes be­ sides Rice milling and Vegetable Oil production. Over 23 millions lbs. of cotton yarn and 42 million yards of cotton cloth valued at about 71 million rupees were produced during 1955. The sugar production in the State was of the order of 118 thousand tons valued at 74 million rupees. 15 thousand tons of paper was produced with an estimated value of ) 8 million rupees. The quantity of cement produced in the State was 203,901 tons costing Rs. 17 millions. 35 million rupees worth of cigarettes were also produced in the State. 285 million k.w. of electricity was produced in the State during the year 1956.

Cottage Industries: Among the important cottage and small scale industries, handloom industry occupies the pride of place with about 4 lakh handlooms at work in the State as a whole. In addition, there are 14,000 looms for woollen fabrics. On the whole the State has the largest number of looms in India providing em­ ployment for about 3.23 lakhs of persons and livelihood for 15

16.15 lakhs of persons. Other important cottage industries are kambli weaving, coir making, basket making etc. The State is noted for its handicrafts which have an international market. Notable amongst these are the silver filigree articles of Karimnagar, the exquisite toys of Nirmal, Kondapalli, Nakkapalli and Tirupati, the carpets of Warangal and Eluru and lace goods of Narsapur. Transport and Communications x The total railway route mileage in Andhra Pradesh is 2,902 miles out of which 1,633 miles are broadgauge, 1,244 miles metergauge and 25 miles narrow gauge. The State has^ 1,409 miles of National Highways, 2072 miles of State Highf ways, 8,527 miles of major district roads and 3,458 miles o| other district roads. There were 19,030 motor vehicles in the State in 1954-55 of which 7,649 were motor-cars, 5,449 lorries, 211 taxies, 2,555 motor-cycles, 3,003 buses and 163 other vehicles. The Road Transport Department of the State owned 442 fleet in 1956 with a total earnings of Rs. 1.80 crores. Over 47 million passengers were carried during the year 1955-56. There were during 1953-54, 5,905 post and telegraph offices in the State. Uteracy and Education: Only 13.1 per cent of the population are literates in the State as against 16.6 per cent of the All India. There are about 28,000 schools and 47 colleges besides 31 professional colleges in the State. Medical facilities: There are 776 hospitals and dispensaries in the State—183 in urban areas and 593 in rural areas vdth a total bed strength of 16,128. The number of doctors, nurses and midwives in the State are 923, 1,224, and 538 respectively. National Income: The National Income of Andhra Pradesh is provisionally estimated at Rs. 823.10 crores, in 1955-56 as against Rs. 691.47 crores in 1950-51 thus indicating an increase of 19 per cent. Likewise, the per capita income has risen from Us. 221 in 1950-51 to Rs. 249 in 1955-56. The Estimates of National Incomes of Andhra Pradesh under different items of production and services will be found in the following I t table. Agriculture and small enterprises which are the prin­ cipal means of livelihood of a very large section of the popu­ lation account for about Rs. 557 crores or 68 per cent of the total income. The income from organised industry (mining and factory establishment) accounts for Rs. 29 crores or 8.5 per cent and income from Commerce, Transport and Communications accounts for Rs. 129 crores or 15.7% of this total income. Income from other services constitute Rs. 108 crores or 13 per cent of the National Income of the state.

T ab le 8 Estimates of National Income for Andhra Pradesh {Provisiotud) (Rs. in crores)

1950-51 1955-56 1. Agriculture and Animal Husbandry .. 411.77 474.44 2. Mining, Manufacturing and Hand trades 85.79 111.75 (a) Mining 2.51 5.68 (6) Factory Establishment 14.75 28.47 (c) Small Enterprise 68.58 82.60 8. Commerce, Transport and Commu­ 106.81 129.38 nications 87.10 107.58 4. Other Services (o) Professional and liberal arts 27.82 88.58 (6) Govt. Services (administration).. 17.82 24.05 (c) Domestic services, 4.12 4.97 (d) House property 37.84 45.08 Total Income 691.47 828.10 Population (in lakhs) 818 831 Per capita Income (Rs.) 221 249

Tourist Centres I The tourist centres in Andhra can be classified into two broad categories, namely, the centres of interest to mainly foreigner and the western tourist and the pilgrim centres of primary interest to the middle class local tourist with reli­ gious and devotional bent. Amaravati, Tirupati, Kalahasti, Srisailam, Ahobilam, Mangalagiri, Chandragiri and Timt- tani are few of the many pilgrim centres of the State. The Nagarjunasagar project site, the Tungabhadra project and the Machkund project are §ome of the tourist qwtres of all India importance, 17

C h a p t e r II.

THE FIRST FIVE YEAR PLAN—A RETROSPECT.

The First Five-Year Plan has come to a close by March 1956 and the Second Plan has been ushered in. “The begin­ ning and the end of a Five-Year Plan are vital dates in the Nation’s history” and each plan offers an opportunity not only for planning for the future but also for an objective assessment of accomplishments in the past. In other words, it seeks to translate into concrete terms the aspirations and ideals of the millions in the country who have put in their best towards a common goal of a higher standard of living. The main objective of the first plan was to initiate the de­ velopment of certain basic resources so as to lay the founda­ tions for more rapid economic growth in the future which implied— (i) the provision of increased employment and pro­ duction by the most efficient utilization of the resources of the country; and (u) the achievement of the largest measure of social justice possible.

The beginning of the Second Plan is the most propitious occasion to assess how far these foundations for more rapid economic growth have been laid. In the following lines an attempt is made to present an objective assessment of what has been accomplished during the First Plan. This appraisal is confined only to the Andhra area of the State as the en­ larged Andhra Pradesh came into existence only on 1st Nov­ ember, 1956 (ie.j 7 months after the beginning of the First Plan). I .

The First Plan in brief:

The Andhra State came into being on 1st October 1953, that is, exactly half way through the First Plan. The Com­ posite Madras State Plan was therefore split up and a tentative break-up of the composite plan was worked out on the basis of the schemes belonging to the Andhra segment. Even the Composite State Plan was only a legacy and a continuation of the post-war Development schemes. A number of these schemes which were in operation during th^ 3 18

first Plan period was dovetailed into the first plan with suit­ able additions and modifications warranted by circumstances. The tentative plan which was worked out on the basis of the schemes belonging to the Andhra segment was of the order of Rs. 54.71 crores. The plan thus inherited by the State was not prepared with reference to the specific needs of the area and could not therefore meet the requirements of the new State. As a result of discussions with the Planning Com­ mission the provision was enhanced to Rs. 58.66 crores and later on to Rs. 69.42 crores so as to cover additional provi­ sions for Power Projects, Medium and Small Irrigation Schemes and National Water Supply and the sanitation pro­ grammes for backward areas. But even this revised plan could not give a comprehensive picture as it was not based on the actual progress of the schemes and the requirements of the State. It was, therefore, decided to revise and readjust the State First Plan with a view mainly to present a clear picture of the developmental expenditure in the State by bringing into the Plan, the developmental schemes operated outside the plan. Accordingly, on the basis of actual expenditure up to 31st March 1955 and the Budget Estimates of 1955-56 and further anticipated expenditure in the year, the State Plan was revised and the revised and readjusted Plan of the State was put at Rs. 64.82 crores.

The distribution of expenditure under the various heads of development will be found in the following table. 19

Table 9 ^ Distribution of Plan Outlay

Plan provi- Percentage to sion Plan pro- {Rupees in lakhs) vision. i ; (1) (2)

Agriculture and Rural Development: Agriculture 604.95 9.41 Veterinary and Animal Husbandry 47.53 0.74 Dairying and Milk Supply • • 15.88 0.25 Forests 14.49 0.23 <’o-operation 25.75 0.40 Fisheries 5.90 0.09 Rural Development •• 46.13 0.72 Total 760.63 11.84

Irrigation and Power Projects : Irrigation 1,412.69 21.96 Power •• 2,565.03 39.87 Total 3,977.72 61.83

Industries ; Cottage Industries 17.69 0.28 Other Industries •• 62.13 0.97 Total 79.82 1.25 Transport: ------Road Development • • 224.22 3.48 Social Services: Education 310.59 4.83 Medical 126.94 1.97 Public Health 429.05 6.67 Housing 113.17 1.76 Amelioration of Backward Classes •• 254.02 3.95

Total 1,233.77 19.18 Miscellaneous ; ------(Building Programmes) •• 121.03 1.88 Community projects, Community Development and National Ex­ tension Services 84.97 0.54

Grand total •• 6,432.16 100.00 20

The pattern of priorities followed in the First Plan was determined by the immediate needs of the economy and also the desirability of initiating certain long-term changes in the economic structure. Accordingly, in the National Plan, Agriculture, including Irrigation and Power, received top­ most priority. Without a substantial increase in the produc­ tion of food and raw materials needed for industry, a higher tempo of industrial development cannot be sustained. The economy has first to be strengthened at the base, and a sizeable surplus created in the agricultural sector and mobi­ lized for sustained' increased employment in other sectors. The weakened food position of the country also dictated the immediate execution of irrigation works for better utiliza­ tion of the country’s water resources. Based on this general policy, in the State Plan, Irrigation and Power received the highest precedence. It will be seen that out of Rs. 64.32 crores, Rs. 39.78 crores were devoted for irrigation and power projects which constituted nearly 61.84 per cent of the total programmed outlay on the First Plan. The State being predominently agricultural in character, 9.41 per cent of the total allotment was also ear-marked for agriculture. Under Social Services Rs. 12.34 crores or 19.18 per cent was programmed to be spent during the first plan. The back­ wardness of the State in Industries is truly represented in the Plan outlay on Industries which was only about Rs. 80 lakhs or 1.24 per cent of the total outlay. While the irri­ gation programme included in the State Plan was to stimu­ late agricultural development, the generation of electricity was expected to revive rural industries and expand the urban industries also.

Plan Progress:

(i) Financial.—Over the entire period of the first plan Rs. 64.52 crores or 100.31 per cent of the Plan outlay has been spent. There has been a progressive increase in the rate of yearly expenditure beginning from 1951-52, except­ ing during the year 1952-53, when there was a slight short fall. There was also a marked increase in the Plan expenditure after the formation of the State. The expenditure w^s the highest during 1955-56 and lowest during the year 1952-53. The increase in Plan expenditure over the expenditure during the year 1951-52 was 12.50 per cent in 1953-54, 37.06 per cent in 1954-55 and 53.73 per cent in 1955-56. 21

T able 10 Yearly Plan Expenditure

Year Amount spent Percentage rise or (Rs. in lakhs) fall over 1951-52

(1) (2) (3)

1951-52 1,019.55 1952-53 988.79 ( - ) 3.02 1953-54 1,147.02 ( + ) 12.50 1954-55 1.397.40 ( + ) 37.06 1955-56 1.567.41 ( + ) 53.73

While the expenditure \mdei the major heads of deve­ lopment, viz.. Agriculture and Rural Development, Irriga­ tion, Power and Transport, has exceeded the programmed outlay, there was a slight shortfall against the plan outlay under Industry and Social Services. The slight short fall under these heads may partly be attributed to the formation of the State during the middle of the plan period, late addi­ tion of certain schemes in the plan and certain administrative difficulties in the sanction and execution of schemes in the early period of the formation of the State which are in­ escapable for any nascent State. The following table will give the distribution of Plan expenditure under the various Heads of Development. Table 11 Distribution of Plan Expenditure • Head of Development Plan provi- Plan expen­ Percentage sion diture of plan ex­ penditure to (Rupees in lakhs) provision.

(1) (2) (8) (4)

I. Agriculture and Rural Development 760.63 784.76 103.17 II. Irrigation and Power Projects 3,977.72 3,979*64 100.04 III. Industry 79.82 76.41 95.73 IV. Transport 224.22 228.75 102.02 V. Social Services 1,233.77 1,226.52 99.41 VI. Others 156.00 156.00 100.00

Total 6,432.16 6,452.08 100.31 2^ Though the overall expenditure under Agriculture and Rural Development exceeded the Plan outlay, there was a shortfall in expenditure under Animal Husbandry, Co-oper­ ation, Fisheries and Rural Development. The shortfall is the highest under Co-operation and lowest under Animal Husbandry. The slight short fall under Power Projects was made good under Irrigation, thus exceeding the program­ med expenditure under Irrigation and Power. Under Social Services there has been a shortfall in expenditure on Edu­ cation, Medical and Housing. The shortfall imder “Medical” was the heaviest of all the sectors during the First Five- Year Plan.

Statement No. 1 at the end of the Chapter will show the plan provision under each minor head of development, the expenditure incurred on each of them during the period and the percentage of expenditure to the Plan provision.

Physical'. The impact of agricultural and irrigation programmes of the First Plan is reflected in agricultural production and land utilisation of the State. The total cropped area of the State has risen from 173.83 lakhs of acres in 1950-51 to 182.36 lakhs of acres in 1954-55. Between 1950-51 and 1954-55 the area irrigated has increased from 49».99 lakhs of acres to 56.50 lakhs of acres. The production of cereals has gone up from 30.76 lakhs of tons in 1950-51 to about 39.34 lakhs of tons in 1955-56. From 7 lakhs of acres in 1950-51 the area under cotton has incrfiased to 7.11 lakhs of acres in 1955-56 and the production during the same period has gone up by about 14.000 bales. The production of oilseeds also registered an increase from 8.29 lakhs of tons in 1951-52 to 8.83 lakhs of tons in 1955-56.

During the plan period 31,200 acres were brought imder irrigation by the major and medium irrigation projeets and another 98,800 acres by minor irrigation schemes. The pro­ gress made under the Power Projects is remarkable. The first generating unit of 17 M.W. capacity at Machkimd was commissioned on the 19th August 1955 by Dr. Rajendra Prasad and the Second in December 1955. At the com­ mencement of the Plan the installed capacity in the State was 21,400 k.w. which has increased to 62,200 k.w. at the end of the Plan. The number of villages and towns electrified rose from 205 at the commencement of the Plan to 681 at 23 the end of the Plan. The per capita consumption has also increased from 2.5 units at the beginning to 8 units at the end of the Plan. j Under Transport, the achievements during the first plan period are the formation of 25 % miles of new roads and upgrading of 178 miles of roads. The local boards also, with the assistance of the State, formed 659 miles of new roads and upgraded by metalling 313 miles of existing roads.

In the field of Education, 1,500 basic and non-basic schools were opened during the plan period. The scheme of opening single-teacher schools for the relief of educated un­ employed was implemented during the last 2 years of the plan and 1,829 schools were opened. The number of pupils in the basic training schools increased from X,256 at the beginning of the Plan to 2,926 at the end of the Plan. Under Medical Aid, the bed strength of the various hospitals has been raised by 900-200 in the King George Hospital at Visakhapatnam, 250 in the Headquarters Hos­ pital at Eluru, 50 in the Headquarters Hospital at Kurnool and 400 in the various other Government Hospitals and dispensaries. To improve public health in the State the scheme for control of epidemic diseases was implemented and 34 anti­ malaria schemes were in operation. The Regional Nutrition Unit carried out field surveys in connection with the Beri Beri Research Scheme. The National Filaria Control pro­ gramme was also taken up and survey has been conducted in 41 panchayats and one municipality in the districts of East Godavari and West Godavari. Under the B.C.G. Vaccination campaign 18 lakhs of people, were tested and 6.23 lakhs were B.C.G vaccinated. The 4 mobile units for yaws control examined 2,41,416 persons and 16,473 persons covered over 1,214 villages in the taluks of Nugur, Bhadra- chalam and Polavaram were treated with P.A.M. To afford increased maternity and child health services to rural popu­ lation eight maternity and child welfare centres were also established.

With a view to relieving housing scarcity 1,621 houses in urban areas and 135 houses in rural areas were built and 1,079 houses in urban areas and 84 houses in rural areas were in the process of construction, 24

Special measures were taken for the welfare of Back­ ward Classes and 44 Harijan Welfare Schools and 21 hos­ tels were opened. During the plan period, 65,000 scholar­ ships were also awarded.

The Community Development programme also recorded significant all-round progress by the end of the Plan period. The people were largely extended to the various modern techniques of agriculture and they provided for themselves certain basic amenities to which they contributed to a large measure. Against a total Government expenditure of about Rs. 80 lakhs, people contributed in the shape of cash, kind and labour to the tune of about Rs. 61 lakhs. The pro­ gramme, by the end of the First Plan, covered an area of 11,281 sq. miles and a population of over 41 lakhs spread over 2,828 villages. Statement N o. 1

ABSTRACT OF EXPENDITURE ON FIRST FIVE-YEAR PLAN SCHEMES

Andhra State. • (Rs. in lakhs)

Expenditure Percen- iSerial number and Head Expenditure during during the tage of of development. Provision - plan per- column (8) in‘the 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 1954-55 1955-56 riod to column plan. Actuals Actuals Actuals Actuals (Tentative) (2)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) to

I. A griculture and R ural D evelopment :

1. Agriculture .. 604.95 102.43 84.09 218.92 67.38 632.95 104.63 2. Animal Husbandry 47.53 8.87 6 .9 4 6.78 7 .1 4 6 .65 44.82 94.30 3. Dairying and Milk Supply 15.88 •3.38 3 .2 7 2 .3 7 3 .2 2 3.63 16.67 104.97 4. Forests 14.49 4.3 7 1 .4 0 1.10 3 .8 0 6.93 17.60 121.46 5. Co-operation 25.75 3.55 3.2 6 1.50 2.32 3 .08 22.22 86.29 6. Fisheries 5.90 1.35 1.36 0.9 3 0.85 1.01 5.50 93.22 7. Rural Development 46.13 16.90 11.03 16.34 0 .7 3 45.00 97.55

Total .. 760.63 140.85 111.35 247.94 96.23 88.68 784.76* 103.17 S t a t e m e n t N o 1

ABSTRACT OF EXPENDITURE ON FIRST FIVE-YEAR PLAN SCHEMES—(confd.) (Rs. in lakhs)

Expenditure Percen­ Serial number and Head Expenditure during during the tage of of development. column (8) in the 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 1954-55 1955-56 riod to column plan. Actuals Actuals Actuals Actuals (Tentative) (2)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) K> o> IT. Major Irrigation and Power Projects :

1. Irrigation Projects .. 1,412.69 211.00 244.00 166.60 328.48 507.12 1,457.20 103.15 .2. Power Projects .. 2,565.03 365.00 332.00 480.00 725.67 619.77 2,522.44 98.09

Total .. 3,977.72 576.00 576.00 646.60 1,054.15 1,126.89 3,979.64 100.04

111. Indusrty

1. Cottage Industries 17.69 3 .9 9 7 .8 4 4.17 4 .5 6 — 5 .0 4 15.73* 88.92 2. Other Industries 62.13 8.61 8 .3 3 8.11 4.34 6.36 60.68* 97.67

Total 79.82 12.60 16.17 12.28 8.9 0 1.32 76.41 95.73 r V . T b a n s p o r T:

1. Roads 224.22 82.23 60.10 34.83 25.18 22.21 228.75* 102.02

Total 224.22 82.23 60.10 34.83 25.18 22.21 228.75* 102.02

V . S o c i a l S e r v ic e s :

1. Education .. 310.59 44.94 51.01 46.34 46.80 70.43 300.82* 96.82 2. Medical 126.94 16.66 14.91 22.09 26.75 23.38 103.79 81.17 3. Public Health 429.05 78.37 96.47 64.90 60.52 153.55 457.00* 106.51 4. Housing 113.17 24.06 18.85 19.61 24.17 21.64 108.33 95.72 5. Welfare of Backward Classes. 254.02 43.84 43.93 52.43 54.70 60.06 256.58* 101.01

Total . 1,233.77 207.87 225.17 205.37 212.94 329.06 1,226.52* 99.41

M iscellaneous (Building Programmes). 121.03 Details of year-wise expenditure not available. 121.03 100.00

C o m m u n i t y D e v e l o p m e n t , N a t i o n a l E x t e n s i o n S e r v i c e . 34.97 do 34.97 100.00

Grand Total .. 6,432.16 1,019.55 988.79 1,147.02 1,397.40 1,568.16 6,452.08* 100.31

*The sum of columns 3,4,5,6, and 7 will not be equal to this as the expenditure on account of new schemes is also included in this column for which year-wise break-ups are not available. C h a p t e e III.

SECOND PLAN IN OUTLINE.

Objectives:

The Second Five-Year Plan has been formulated with reference to the following principal objectives:— (a) a sizeable increase in national income so as to raise the level of living in the country; (h) rapid industrialisation with particular emphasis on the development of basic and heavy indus­ tries ; (

The outlay mentioned above does not include all expendi­ tures by local bodies on development schemes; only such expenditure on those schemes as is financed by State Gov- erment is included in the allocations shown in the Plan. It also does not include the contributions in cash or in kind which are made by the local population participating in developmental work within their localities. These contribu­ tions are likely to be of considerable significance in terms of investment in the areas concerned even though they might not make marked difference to the national totals.

The first plan of the former Andhra State was of the order of Rs. 64.32 crores and compared to that the present size of the plan for the Andhra area is about 186 per cent. Aliy such comparison for the Telangana area is not possible as the outlay on Telangana during the First Plan separately is not available.

* In addition to this, the Planning Commission have been moved to allot Rs. 37.68 lakhs— Rs. 19 lakhs for Co-operative Sugar Factory, Rs. 10.95 lakhs for Agriculture and Rs. 7.73 lakhs for moral and social hygiene schemes— from the unallotted amount o f the Composite Hyderabad State plan, thus raising the total pro­ vision to Rs. 65.86 crores for Telangana. Allocations \

Distribution of the plan outlay by major heads of development is as under;

T a b l e 1 2 .

Distribution af Plan outlay by mcyor heads of Development

A n d h r a T e l a n g a n a SI. Head of Development No. Plan Pro­ %of Plan Pro­ % of vision plan vision plan (Rs.in provision (Rs. in p r e v is io n lakhs) to total lakhs) to total provision provision

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6)

I. Agricultural Programme: 2,612 SO 21.79 1,372.30 24.73

1. Agricultural Production 462.67 3.86 224.69 4.06 2. Minor Irrigation 242.90 2.03 201.02 3.62 3. Land Development 30.00 0.25 9.88 0.18 4. Animal Husbandry 251.79 2.10 83.51 1.50 5. Dairying and Milk Supply 57.70 0.48 24.95 0.45 6. Forests 69.47 0.58 45.65 0.82 7. Soil Conservation 72.96 0.61 28.83 0.52 8. Fisheries 76.06 0.63 34.45 0.62 9. Co-operation 98.71 0.82 115.51 2.08 10. Warehousing and Marketing 186.53 1.56 16.79 0.30 11. Miscellaneous 19.01 0.16 92.28 1.66 12. N.E.S. and C.D. Projects 1,045.00 8.71 494.74 8.92

II. Irrigation and Power : 6,399.87 45.05 2,246.90 40.49

13. Multi-purpose Project 1,995.00 16.64 1,235.00 22.26 14. Irrigation 1,238.60 10.33 396.35 7.14 15. Power 2,166.27 18.08 615.55 11.09

III. Industries: 1,040.90 8.68 385.05 6.94

16. Major and Medium Industries 273.72 2.28 17. Village and Small-scale Industries 767.18 6.40 385.05 6.94 81

T a b l e 1 2 .—(Contd.)

Distribution of Plan outlay hy mc^or heads of Development

A n d h r a T e l a n g a n a SI. Head of Development No. Plan Pro- % of Plan Pro- % of vision plan vision plan (Rs.in provision (Rs.in provision lakhs) to total lakhs) to total provision provision

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

IV. Transport: 550.42 4.60 218.87 3.94

18. Roads 550.42 4.60 218.87 3.94

V. Social Services : .. 2,135.99 17.82 1,306.85 23.55

19. Education 775.48 6.47 504.23 9.09 20. Medical 360.84 3.01 217.26 3.91 21. Public Health 367.82 3.07 154.65 2.79 22. Housing 190.24 1.59 326.03 5.87 23. Labour and Labour Welfare 47.54 0.39 2.352 0.42 24. Welfare of Backward Classes and Scheduled Tribes 152.13 1.27 48.30 0.87 25. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes 181.25 1.52 19.26 0.35 ^6. Women Welfare 24.26 0.20 * , .. Social Welfare .. 36.43 0.30 13.60 0.25

VI. Miscellaneous ; .. 247.03 2.08 19.70 0.35

28. Development of Capital 152.00 1.28 29. Municipal Roads and Deyelopment Works 47.54 0.39 30. Broadcasting 18.54 0.15 4.30 0.08 31. Publicity 10.00 0.08 9.70 0.17 32. Bureau of Economics and Statistics 19.00 0.16 5.70 0.10

Grand Total 11,987.06 100.00 5,549.67 100.00 32

It will be seen from the foregoing table that the largest provision is earmarked for Irrigation and Power Develop­ ment in the State. The outlay on Irrigation and Power constitutes as much as 45 per cent in Andhra and 40 per cent in Telangana. Next to this, Agriculture claims as much as 22 per cent in Andhra and 25 per cent in Telangana. This large percentage may be accounted for by the fact that the National Extension Service and Community Development programme takes as much as Rs. 15 crores—Rs. 10 crores in Andhra and Rs. 5 crores in Telangana. Third in size, is the outlay on Social Services which accounts for about 18 per cent in Andhra and 24 per cent in Telangana. The provision for Industrial Development in the State includ­ ing Village and Small Scale Industries constitutes 9 per cent in Andhra and 7 per cent in Telangana. Road dev- lopment accounts for only 5 per cent in Andhra and 4 per cent in Telangana. The relative shift in priorities as between the First Plan and the Second Plan can be seen from the following table which shows the allocations in the Andhra area during the First and the Second Plans.

Table 18 Distribution of Plan outlays in Andhra area during the First and the Second Plan.

F i r s t P l a n S e c o n d P l a n Sri. Heads of Development No. Total Per cent Total Per cent Provision Provision (Rs. in (Rs. in Lakhs) Lakhs)

I. Agriculture and Community Development • 795 -60 12 -38 2,612 -80 21 -79

II. Irrigation and Power • 3,977-72 61 *84 5,399 -87 45 -05

III. Industries 79 -82 1 -24 1,040 -90 8-68

IV. Transport . 224 *22 8-48 550 -42 4-60 1 V. Social Services • • • 1,283-77 19-18 2,135 <99 17 *82

VI. Miscellaneous • 121 -03 1 -88 247 -08 2-06

Total • 6,432-16 100 -00 11,987 -06 100-00 33

The priorities in the Andhra Plan closely follow the shift in priorities in the National Plan, excepting for the out­ lay on Agriculture and Community Development which has gone up very much in the Second Plan as compared to the First Plan of Andhra though there has been a reduction in the percentage of outlay on Agriculture and Community Development in the National Plan. This is due to the State being predominantly an agricultural one. The increased outlay under ‘Miscellaneous’ is due to the provision made for the development of capital necessiated by the shift in tite Capital.

T a b l e 14.

Outlays in the National Plan and Andhra Plan during the First and Second Five—Year Plans.

Percentage to total ProrisioH in the Plan — ^ Sri. Head of Development First Secead A No. r r 1 National Andhra National Andhra Plan Plan f I. Agriculture and Community Derelopment 15.1 12.88 11.8 21.79

II. Irrigation and Power 28.1 61.84 19.0 45.

III. Industry and Mining 7.6 1.24 IS.S 8.08

IV. Transport and Communica­ tions 2.S.6 S.48 2S.9 4.80

V. Social Services 22.6 19.18 19.7 17.82

VI. Miscellaneous 3.0 1.88 2.1 2.06

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.00 84

Phasitng of the Programme:

An year-wise phasing of the Plan provision can be seen from Appendix I—An abstract of the same is given in the table below:--'

Table 15.

(Rs. in Lakhs).

Year Andhra Telangana Total

1956-57 21,61.781 5,84.024 27,45.805

1937-58 28,28 -820 10,70.740 88,99.560

1968-59 29,48.889 14,26.988 48,70.822

1939-60 24,68.877 12,88.280 87,51.657 • 1900-61 20,89.744 11,79.648 82,69.892

Total ’ .. 119,87.061 55,49.670 175,86.785

The provision indicated for the first year, however, represents the actual expenditure during 1956-57 in most cases and where figures of actual expenditure are not avail­ able, revised estimates have been included. It will be seen from the foregoing table that the outlay increases gradually from the 1st year till it reaches the peak year in 1958-59 and tapers off towards,the end of the plan period. This phasing is purely tentative as the outlays during each year are fixed with reference to the resources position of the State, the foreign exchange available, the quantum of Central assis­ tance, the performance during the previous year, etc., in con­ sultation with the Planning Commission.

Targets:

The targets to be achieved under each scheme during the entire Second Plan period will be found in detail in Part II of this book where detailed programmes of development are discussed. S5

C h apte r IV. FINANCES FOR THE SECOND PLAN. It is proposed in this chapter to indicate broadly the lines along which the financial resources needed for the Plan are to be raised. The resources contemplated for financing the Telangana and Andhra Plans are furnished separately for the sake of convenience. A summary of the available re­ sources is, however, given at the end of the chapter.

TELANGANA

The outlay on the Second Plan for the Telangana area of Andhra Pradesh is Rs. 55,49.67 lakhs or Rs. 55.50 crores roughly as shown below:— Rs. in crores Expenditure on Revenue account ^. 17.36 Capital expenditure .. .. 34.15 Loans and Advances .. .. 8.99

Total .. 55.50*

Against this outlay of Rs. 55.50 crores the resources estimated for the Second Five-Year Plan of the Telangana area is as follows. These estimates represent the share of Telangana area from the estimates for the Composite Hyder­ abad State. Rs. in crores. 1. Balance from revenue account at existing rates of taxation .. ( ~ ) 4.1 2. Revenue from additional taxation (including betterment levy) .. 1.6 3. Share of additional Central taxa­ tion ...... 1.8 4. Central grant on plan schemes .. 9.3 5. Total resources on revenue account 8.6 (items 1 to 4)

* In d,ddition to this, the Planning Commission have been moved to allot Rs. 37i68 lakhs from the unallotted amount of the Coaiposite Hyderabad State Plan thus raising the total provision to Rs. 66*86 crores for Telangana. 86

6. Loans from public .. . . 6.7 7. Share of small savings .. . • 1-5 8. Other receipts ...... 2.3

9. Total capital resources (Items 6 to 8) .. .. 10.5

10. Total resources on revenue and capital accounts (Items 5 and 9) 19.1 11. Outlay proposed on revenue account ...... 17.4 12. Outlay proposed on capital account ...... 38.1*

13. Total outlay (Items 11 and 12) .. 55.5

14. Gap in resources: (a) on revenue account (Item 11 — Item 5) .. 8.8 {b) on capital account ( (Item 12 — Item 9) . . 27.6

Total .. 36.4

Items 1, 3 and 7 represent proportionate share of ffelangana. Item 2: The figure of Rs. 1.6 crores is composed of the following:- ii) Revision of Settlement 0.75 («) Abolition of Inams, etc. . . 0.15 (Hi) Non-Agricultural Assessment 0.30 (iv) Taxes on Motor Vehicles and Motor Spirits ...... , 0.14 (v) Stamps and Court Fees 0.06 (Vl) Miscellaneous Taxes 0.15 (vii) Betterment levy 0.07

1.62 or say 1.6

* Includes Loans and Advances. 87

Item 4t.—It is expected that Central assistance by way of grants towards schemes in the Second Five- Year Plan would amount to Rs. 9.3 crores. Item 6.—Based on present appreciation. Item 8.—The estimate of Rs. 2.3 crores shown as Telan- gana’s share in reserves and other capital receipts is susceptible of some variation as a result of the allocation of assets and liabili­ ties of the Composite Hyderabad State in accordance with the provisions of the States Reorganisation Act, 19.56.

Against the gap of Rs. 36.4 crores indicated in the fore­ going lines, an amount of about Rs. 31 ciores is expected to be available from the Centre by way of loans for imple­ menting all these schemes. Thus, there will still be a deficit of about Rs. 5 crores. But it must be noted that while cal­ culating the resources, credit has not been taken for the receipts which may accrue due to the implementation of the schemes included in the plan. A tentative estimate of the probable receipts under the different heads of development is indicated in statement 2. It will be seen that about Rs. 11 crores will be available by way of receipts. Even assuming that 50 per cent of this will be taken away by w a y of working expenses this would still leave us Rs. 5.5 crores to be invested on the schemes. Thus there will be no difficulty in financing all the schemes included in the plan.

ANDHRA

The outlay on the Second Plan for the Andhra area is Rs. 119,87.06 lakhs or Rs. 119.87 croores as indicated below:— Bs. in crores. Expenditure oh revenue account .. 37.80 Capital expenditure . . .. 69.92 Loans and Advances .. .. 12.15

Total .. 119.87 The latest estimate of resources that would be available for financing the plan is given below:— Bs. in crores. 1. Balance from revenue account at existing rates of taxation . . . . Nil 2. Revenue from additional taxation (including betterment levy) .. 7.9 3. Share of additional Central taxation . . 3.2 4. Deduct interest charges on public loans Nil 5. Anticipated grants from Centre for plan expenditure .. .. 17.8

6. Total resources on revenue account .. 28.9 (Items 1 to 5) ------7. Loans from public . . .. 20.0 8. Share of small savings .. .. 1.5 9. Other receipts .. .. —5.9

10. Total Capital receipts .. .. 15.6

11. Total resources on revenue and capital accounts (Items 6 -J- 10) .. 44.5 12. Outlay proposed on revenue account .. 37.8 13. Outlay proposed on capital account '.. 82.0*

14. Total outlay (Items 12 + 13) .. 119.8

15. Gap in resources: (i) On revenue account (Item 12 — 6) 8.9 (ii) On capital account (Item 13 — 10) 66.4

Total .. 75.3

Item 1: The yield on account of new taxation measures is estimated at 8.95 crores as follows:— Bs. in crores per anmim 1. SurcHarge on land revenue .. 0.45 2. Levy of full assessment on inam lands . 0*46 3. Purchase tax on yirginia tobacco and sales"tax on cheaper varieties of cigar, cigarettes, etc. .. *. 0.45

* Includes Loans and Advances* ^ 89

4. Single point sales-tax on mill cloth and precious stones .. .. 0.30 5. Revision of court fees and suits valuation ...... 0.07

Total .. 1.73

or 1.73X5 =8.65 for 5 years. To this should be added Rs. 30 lakhs on account of arrears of the first 2 measures of 1955-56 thus raising the total additional tax revenue to Rs. 8.95 crores. But, the revenue position is expected to be worsened to the extent of Rs. 9.02 during the Second Plan period on account of the following reasons: Bs. in crores. 1. Loss of revenue as a result of the judgment of the Supreme Court regarding taxation of inter­ state transactions (at Rs. 40 lakhs per annum) .. .. 2.00 2. Over estimate of receipt under land revenue and stamps (Rs. 50 lakhs per annum)...... 2.50 3. Over estimate under State’s share of Income-tax (at Rs. 10 lakhs per annum) ...... 0.50 4. Increased cost of pay and allowances and other facilities to village officers (at Rs. 15 lakhs per annum) .. 0.75 5. Increased expenditure on account of the decision to give free education up to III form. . . . . 0.85 6. Interest payable to the Central Govern­ ment on Andhra’s share of Ways and Means loans to the undivided Madras State (prepartition). .. .. 2.42 f — — — Total ' .. 9.02

2 8 4 4 0 40

If this figure of Rs. 9.02 crores is set off against the gross estimated yield from taxation measures introduced in 1955-56 (Rs. 8.95 crores), the net balance on revenue account would be reduced to Rs. 0.07 crore or say nil.

Item 2: The State Government has introduced the following measures in 1956-57. Annual yield in crores of Rs. 1. The Andhra Purchase Tax .. 0.70 2. Sales Tax on Country tobacco .. 0.30 3. Further amendments to Sales Tax Act ...... 0.30

Total .. 1.30

On this basis the total receipts for 5 years would be Rs. 6.50 crores. For 1956-57, however, credit can be taken only for about Rs. 65 lakhs as these measures were passed during the course of the year. The net yield is thus estimated as Rs. 5.85 crores. Betterment levy will yield Rs. 30 lakhs. In addition to this, Rs. 1.70 crores are expected to be realised during the plan period from Inter-State Sales Tax which is now being levied by the Central Government. The total yield from the additional taxation measures will'thus be Rs. 7.85 crores or Rs. 7.9 crores.

Item 5: On the basis of the existing pattern of Central assistance for schemes included in the Second Plan, the total Central assistance by way of grants is expected to be of the order of Rs. 17.8 crores.

Item 7: It is expected that it would be possible to rais< open market loans to the extent of Rs. 20 crores during the Five-Year Period. "

Item 8: It is anticipated that the collection from small savings would amount to about Rs. 1.25 crores per annunj out of which, the State’s share may come to about Rs. 3^ lakhs per annum. For the five-year period, therefore, thj estimates come to Rs. 1.5 crores. 41

Item 9 represents the difference between receipts on Capital Account during the plan period {e.g., collections of loans outstanding on 31st March 1956, accumulations of unfounded debt, etc.) and conunitted disbursements of a capital nature.

Thus the estimated gap in the resources is Rs. 75.8 crores. However, Rs. 73.2 crores is expected to be made available by the Centre by way of loans leaving a small margin of Rs. 2 crores. Against this gap, the anticipated receipts on account of the plan schemes shown in statement No. 2 amount to Rs. 15.93 crores. Leaving 50 per cent for the working expenses, it should leave the State a net amount of Rs. 8 crores roughly. It would, therefore, be seen that there are adequate resources to implement the plan in full.

Summary of Resources: .

The total outlay on the Second Plan of Andhra Pradesh is about Rs. 175 crores. The total gap in resources is esti­ mated to be about Rs. 112 crores. Taking into accoimt the anticipated loan from the Centre to the extent of Rs. 104 crores the gap in resources would be only Rs. 8 crores. Against this small gap the State will obtain about Rs. 13 crores by way of receipts (after deducting working expen­ ses) on account of the various schemes that are proposed for implementation. In assessing the resources credit Has been taken for open market loans to the extent of Rs. 26.7 crores—Rs. 20 crores in Andhra and Rs. 6.7 crores in Telangana. In view of the advice given by the and the Reserve Bank, the question whether a loan should be floated during 1957-58 is under consideration. In case the State Government does not float the loans the anti­ cipated receipts from the Small Savings will be Rs. 8.2 crores against the present estimates of Rs. 3 crores on the Ibasis that the State will get two-thirds of the collections from Small Savings. 42

S t a t e m e n t No. 2. Anticipated receipts on the Plan Schemes [Rs. in Lakhs]

Head of Development Andhra Telangana Total

1. Agricultural Production 58.08 58.08 3. Minor Irrigation 11.92 59.60 T1.52 8. Land Development 4. Animal Husbandny 82.01 1.42 88.48 5. Dairying and Milk Supply .. 6. Forests 1.00 0,68 1.68 7. Soil Conservation . , .. 8, Fisheries 12.91 9.56 22.47 9. Co-operation 10. Warehousing and Marketing

11. Miscellaneous .. • • 12. National Extension Service and 0.15 ' 0.10 0.25 Community Projects. 18. Multi-purpose Projects 54.51 54.51 14. Major and Medium Irrigation 77.18 95.74 172.87 15. Power 1,295.00 800.00 2,095.00 16. Major and Medium Industries 17.00 , , 17.00 17. Village and Small Scale Industries 62.64 67.60 180.24 18. Roads • • 19. Education 26.28 2.57 28.80 20. Medical .... 21. Public Health ...... 22. Housing .. 1.60 1.60 28. Labour and Labour Welfare 24. Welfare of Backward and Scheduled •• •• •• Castes. 25. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes 0.67 ,, 0.67 26. Women Welfare .. .. 0.28 .. -0.28 27. Social Welfare .. . • 28. Development of Capital 29. Municipal Roads and Development •• •• Works. 80. Broadcasting 81. Publicity ..

82. Bureau of Economics and Statistis .. *• 1598.00 1090.80 2688.80 48

C h a p t e r V EMPLOYMENT ASPECTS OF THE PLAN One of the primary considerations in the formulg.- tion of programmes under the Second Fiver-Year Plan was to arrest any further deterioration of unemployment situation. Any employment policy has to deal with an extremely complex phenomenon in the absence of reliable date of existing volume of unemployment and also in view of the lack of any analysis of social and economic forces that put more people in the labour market seeking employment. Broadly the policy has to provide employ­ ment, firstly to the existing unemployed, secondly to tke natural increase in the labour force due to popula­ tion, growth and changes in the social and economic structure, thirdly to those who become unemployed after completion of cei*tain projects and lastly to the under employed in agriculture and household occupations in rural areas. However, the number of job opportunities which may have to be created if unemployment is to be eradicated in the whole country during the Second Plan Period is estimated at 15.3 millions as shown in the following table. T ab le 16. (in millions)

In urban, In rural axeas areas Total

For new entrants to labour force 3.8 6.2 10.0 For backlog of unem­ ployed .. 2.5 2.8 5.3

Total 6.3 9.0 15.3

In the absence of any such reliable estimates of the number of jobs required to solve unemployment in this state during the Second Plan Period, a tentative estimate on the basis of the State’s population which forms about 8.8^^ of the Indian population would put the require­ m ent at a minimum of about 1.35 millions. 44

Employment estimates for the Second Plan,

The additional employment likely to be generated by the Second Five-Year Plan is estimated at about 8 m ^ons in the whole country. This represents the employ­ ment potential on an investment of Rs. 4,800* crores in the public sector and Rs. 2,400 crores in the private sector. Assuming that the investment in private sector in this State would be J of the investment in the private sector, Rs. 238 crores of investment (Rs. 175 crores in the public sector and Rs. 58 crores in the private sector) in the Second Plan of Andhra Pradesh should generate roughly about 2.6 lakhs of jobs. Against this, a tentative esti­ mate of additional employment that is likely to be generated on account of the implementation of the various plan schemes works out to 2.69 lakhs. This is worked out on the basis of man-power requirements needed for all the Plan Schemes. The composition of the estimated employment into the various categories can be seen in the following table:

T a b l e 17.

E s t im a t e d A d d it io n a l E m p l o y m e n t

Category No. Administrative . • 19,723 Technical . • .. 31,206 Skilled . . .. 44,213 Unskilled .. .. 1,74,075

Total .. 2,69,217

A detailed list of man-power requirements under each head of development can be seen from appendix III. This should be taken as a very rough estimate as the data furnished is subject to certain limitations. At the S£une time this can be taken as a modest estimate because the employment that is likely to be generated bythe various works programme ;in the Community Deve- lopme t and National Extension Service areas which is

* Out of the total outlay of Rs. 4,800 crores Rs. 8,800 crores represents inv«»tmenf outlay and Rs. 1,000 crorei current outlay. 45 likely to be considerable has not been taken into account. So also, the employment that will be generated by the various Local Development Works each year has not been included.

If 52* per cent is added to the estimated employment of 2.69 lakhs on account of the additional employment in trade and commerce, the aggregate employment that is likely to be generated will jbe of the order of about 4 lakhs (2.69 lakhs + 1.40=4.09 lakhs). This excludes the employment that will accrue in the private sector like oil refinery etc., and the central sector viz., Posts & Tele- g-raphs, Railways, Ship-building, Ferro Manganese Fac­ tory etc. Assuming further that these provide employ­ ment to at least a lakh more, the aggregate employment tlhat is likely to be generated in this State, will be between 5 and 6 lakhs. This compares favourably with the All- Imdia estimates of additional employment. One of the reasons for this favourable employment opportunities is tihe huge investments on irrigation and power projects in tJie Second Plan which are highly labour intensive.

* This is based on All-India estimates.

PART II Programmes of Development

C h a p te r VI AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION The pride of place accorded to programmes of agri­ culture and community development during the First Plan was natural in a plan seeking to raise the standard of living of a vast mass of people in the rural areas. It was also justified against the background of an acute food shortage in the country and inflation threatening to become a runaway one. Apart from these, the dominant emphasis on agriculture is inevitable in a State which has 82.6% of its population living in rural areas. As a result of implementation of the various schemes towards agricultural development, during the First Plan, agricultural production has increased which helped to end inflation, stabilise the economy and prepare the way for a higher rate of development during the Second Five-Year Plan. In this State, production of cereals rose from 3 .8 million tons in 1950-51 to 5.1 million tons in 1955-56 and that of pulses rose from 0.238 million tons to 0.246 million tons. Likewise, during the same period the production of oilseeds rose from 1.111 million tons to 1.149 million tons. The National In­ come of the State, from Agriculture and Animal Hus­ bandry has been estimated at Rs. 474.44 crores in 1955- 56 against Rs. 411.77 crores in 1950-51. The course of agricultural production during the first plan is shown in the following table.

T a b l e 18. Agricultural Production (In ’000 tons).

SI. Commodity 1950-51 1951-52 1952-58 1953-54 1954-55 1955-56 No. (Estima­ tes)

1. Cereals .. .. 3,772 8,958 4,255 5,488 5,889 5,120 1 2. Pulses 238 243 227 268 284 246

8. Oil Seeds .. . . 1,111 1,072 858 928 1,175 1,149 4. Cotton (Bales) 114 123 90 111 183 183 5. Sugarcane .. 464 513 404 864 503 478

49 50

It will be seen that during the period of the Plan, 1953-54 was the year of peak production for food grains (cereals and pulses) and 1954-55 for oilseeds and cotton. In the case of sugarcane 1951-52 was the year of the highest production and although, after a period of dec­ line, production improved towards the end of the Plan.

Among programmes of development which have con­ tributed to increase in agricultural production during the first plan, minor irrigation works, increased use of improved seeds, manures and fertilisers, land reclamation and development and the extension of area under cul­ tivation have been specially significant. The extension of cultivation has been a large contributory factor to­ wards increase in production. The total cropped area increased "from 25.3 million acres in 1950-51 to 29.4 million acres in 1955-56. The trend of land utilisation during the First Plan can be seen froiti the following table.

T a b l e 19.

Land Utilisation (In lakhs of acres). SI. No. Details 1950-51 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 1954-55 1955-56

1. Total cropped area .. 253.28 271.21 276.20 288.62 288.79 293.81

2. Gross area irrigated .. 62.13 65.01 61.79 73.96 74.51 78.34 3. Area under cereals .. 145.19 1.56.16 170.76 188.32 182.06 174.19

4. »» Pulses .. 29.80 28.33 28.10 30.45 31.32 28.96

5. f9 Oil Seeds .. 48.55 49.33 43.16 42.60 48.12 45.47

6. 99 Cotton 9.01 8.60 7.56 9.86 9.57 9.69

7. 99 Sugarcane .. 1.71 1.93 1.51 1.35 1.75 1.71

The major achievements towards agricultural develop­ ment in the Andhra area, during the First Plan are cul­ tivation of 1,45,596 acres by 151 bulldozers, distribution of 255 tractors under hire purchase system^which covered 99,705 acres, soil conservation over an area‘ of 7,038 acres, hiring of 325 departmental pumpsets which covered 16,291 acres, supply of 1,430 pumpsets under hire pur­ chase system, sinking of 1,268 filter point tube wells, production of 3,81 lakhs tons of compost, distribution 51 of 3.21 lakhs tons of Ammonium Sulphate and supply of 31,664 tons of improved varieties of seeds including green manure seeds. 481 demonstration Maistries and 12 fieldmen were'trained and they attended to the supply of seeds, manures and implements to ryots besides su­ pervision of production and collection of seeds from seed farms. They also conducted demonstrations as the main defect of extension work carried on hitherto has been its relatively greater reliance on propaganda rather than on actual demonstration to the cultivator under his field conditions. i In Telangana, agricultural development, during the First Plan was achieved by reclamation of land, increase of irrigation facilities and water lifting appliances, use of improved seeds and manures and adoption of plant pro­ tection measures. The Government Tractor Organisa­ tion ploughed up 3,574 acres. 24 tractors were supplied on taccavi loans to cultivators and many more tractors were purchased by cultivators on their own account. As a result of both Governmental and private effort the total cultivated area went up considerably particularly under food crops. The Public Works Department had undertaken repairs of several breached tanks along with the completion of medium sized irrigation projects. Besides, the departmental activities under Minor Irriga­ tion Projects resulted in the construction of 1,666 new wells, repairs to 1,809 old wells, supply of 2,615 oil engine pumpsets and 717 rahats and these have helped in extending the area under irrigation. Supply of '76,056 tons of fertilisers, 3,51,547 tons of compost and '6,51,753 maunds of improved seeds and timely adoption of plant protection measures over an area of 1,22,548 acres have considerably contributed to enhanced yields. Pi^rther, short duration training classes were held through­ out the State every year to educate the farmers in scientific methods of agriculture.

In the Second Five-Year Plan agricultural programmes are intended to provide adequate food to support the increased population and the raw materials needed for a growing industrial economy and also to make available liaiger exportable surpluses of agricultural commodities. It, therefore, implies even more than the first a close interdependence between agricultural and industrial deve- Ixopment. In relation to the food problem the factors 52 to be considered are : (1) increase in the total population, (2) increase in the urban population, (3) the need to improve per capita consumption, (4) the need to counter possibilities of inflationary pressures resulting from the implementation of the Second Five-Year Plan, and (5) effects on food consumption, of increase in national income and changes in its distribution. What is re­ quired in the planned agricultural development is not merely the encouragement of high levels of achievement on the part of individual farmers, but a more com­ prehensive effort which would raise the general average in each area. With these objectives in view the programmes for agricultural development in the State were drawn up for implementation during the Second Plan. In all, 150 schemes will be taken up— 81 in Andhra and 69 in Telangana at an estimated cost of Rs. 687.36 lakhs— Rs. 462.67 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 224.69 lakhs*for Telangana. For all these schemes, an amount of Rs. 412.55 lakhs will be available by way of central assis­ tance out of which Rs. 250.38 lakhs will be by way of loans and Rs. 162.17 lakhs will be by way of grants. The plan provision for each scheme and its break up will be found in Appendix IV. Consequent on the decision to increase agricultural production to check the inflationary tendencies in the country, this State after discussion with the Planning Commission has agreed to the following revised targets of agricultural production to be achieved during the Second Plan period. The original targets are also indi­ cated to facilitate comparison. T a b l e 20. Targets of Agricultural Production.

Original R evised S.. No. Commodity Additional % Additional % production increase production increase

1. Foodgrains 9.62 17 16.10 28 2. Oil Seeds 1.52 13 1.75 15 8. Cotton (lakhs of • 0.23 18 0.43 33 bales). 4. Sugarcane 11.84 27 15.80 36 5. Cashew nut 0.005 25 0.005 25 * In addition to this, the planning commission have been moved to allot Rs. 10.95 lakhs for Agriculture from the unallotted amount of the composite Hyder­ abad State Plan. 53

The revised targets of agricultural production will be achieved in the two regions of Andhra and Telangana as shown below.

T a b l e 2 1 .

Targets oj additional agricultural Production in Andhra and Telanpana.

! Andhua Telangana Andhra Puadesh No. Commodity. Unit. Addi- % Addi- % Addi- 0//o [ tional increase, tional increase. tional increase. produc­ produc­ produc­ tion. tion tion.

I. Food Grains » (a) Due to irrigation Lakh tons 2.68') 0.801 8.48'' (&) Due to other practice* 9.21J 27 8 46 _ 85 12.67. 28 it. Oil Seeds .. , . ■» >♦ 1.68 10 0.12 4 1.75 15 |. Cotton. Bales. 88,000 40 5.000 14 48,000 88 1. Sugarcane. Lakh. 18.80 48 2.00 17 15.80 86 tons. k. Cashew nut. Tons. 500 25 • • • • 500 25

The various schemes through which the targets out­ lined above will be achieved in the two regions are dis­ cussed in brief in the following lines. ANDHRA The programme under ‘Agricultural Production ’ in the Andhra area includes supply of improved seeds and manures, provision for extension of irrigation facilities, training of personnel, Research on various crops, plant protection measures and additional staff for implementing the various schemes. Thus by the end of the Second Plan it is proposed to have 300 seed farms and construct 300 seed stores. 34,785 tons of paddy, 9,594 tons of millets, 21,405 tons of groundnuts, 2,025 tons of pulses, 646 tons of green manure seeds and 8.35 lakhs of cocoa- nut seedlings will be distributed to ryots besides 94,250 improved agricultural implements and bee hives. Twelve lakh tons of town compost will also be produced and distributed. To provide adequate trained, personnel for implementing the programmes 500 Demonstration Mais- tries, 500 Fieldmen, 96 tractor operaters (72 outsiders and 24 departmental candidates) and 120 malis will be trained, besides the deputation of 14 officers for Post­ graduate studies in India. 288 farmers will also be trained in fruit and vegetable production. The strength 54 of the Agricultural College, Bapatla will be increased by 96 to facilitate training of agricultural graduates, to meet the plan requirements. With a view to provide irrigation facilities provision has been made for sinking 2,000 filter point tube wells. 375 tractors, 710 electric motors and 550 oil engines will be ^supplied to ryots on hire purchase system. Loans will also be granted for sinking 250 artesian wells. Plant protection measures, will be intensified by the acquisition of 150 power sprayers, 500 hand operated sprayers and 500 hand operated dus­ ters to carry out remedial measures against pests and diseases on crops. These equipments will also be given to cultivators on hire so that they may carry out remedial measures themselves.

In recent times, progressive farmers, have readily accepted the results of research which have been commu­ nicated to them and have asked for more. This demand for solutions to problems old and new is likely to develop more rapidly during the Seond Five-Year Plan and agri­ cultural departments and institutions have to prepare themselves to meet it. To meet this, a number of re­ search programmes has been drawn up in consultation with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, other Research Institutions and the Seven Central Commodity Committees. Thus 11 Research Stations are proposed to be opened during the Second Plan to conduct research on various aspects of crop production. The proposed stations together with the object of research can be seen from the following table.

T a b le 22.

S. No. Research Station at Nature of work proposed

1. Kamalapuram Paddy under hft irrigation. 2. Cuddapah District Onion Research. 3. Kurnool Vegetable Research. 4. Anakapalle Sugarcane Research. 5. Visakhapatnam Rice Research for tankfed areas. 6. Anantapur Production of Hybrid Sajja. 7. Sabbavaram Fruit Research. 8. West Godavari District Banana Research. 9. Tirupati Sub-humid tropical Horitcultural Research. 10. Chittoor District Sugarcane Research. 11. Visakhapatnam District Oil seeds Research. 55

Besides these, an agricultural Engineering Research Section in the Agricultural College, Bapatla, a parasite breeding station at Ambajipeta a Herbarium at Bapatla, and 7 regional Millet Stations will be operted. Apart from the proposed research work in the 11 new Research Stations, research on the following aspects will be carried out in the existing research institutions.

1. Japanica Indica crosses for evolution of thrifty strains. 2. Improvement of Akkullu variety of Paddy. 3. Evolution of improved millets. 4. Study of Nitrogen fixing power of important leguminous crops. 5. Studies in Posphatic availability in rice soils, 6. Investigation and control of vegetable pests. 7. Improving honey yields of bee hives. 8. Investigation of fruit pests. 9. Maintenance of purity of genetic stocks. 10. Breeding superior strains of Ragi for the rainfed and splash irrigated areas of the sandy soils in Guntur district. 11. Pulses improvement work on regional basis. 12. Improvement of Bhimunipatnam Jute. 13. Influence of irrigation of Physio-chemical pro­ perties of soil of Tungabhadra Project area. 14. Improvement of Grape Vines. 15. Regional Improvement of chillies. 16. Investigation of epliclis disease of paddy. 17. Investigation of Major diseases of onion, cluster beans, cucurbits. 18. Studies in securing the help of natural enemies of insect pests. 19. Collection of insect pests. 20. Fundanxent^l Research iji Horticulture, 56

21. Protection of sugarcane crop against pests and diseases. 22. Evolution of groundnut variety suitable for rice fallows in Krishna district. 23. Evolution of groundnut variety suitable for rice fallows. 24. Cotton Research work in Tungabhadra Project area. 25. Research work on cotton for Nandikonda Pro­ ject area.

The Agricultural Research Station at Nandyal will be upgraded for research in fundamental studies in cotton and oilseeds and buildings and laboratory equipment will be provided for the Agricultural College, Bapatla to afford research facilities. Buildings will be construct­ ed at Guntur and equipment acquired to afford labora­ tory facilities to the Millet Specialist. The cocoanut Research Station at Ambajipet will also be upgraded by the provision of buildings and laboratory equipment.

In order to provide adequate personnel to implement the programmes, provision has been made for the appoint­ ment of additional staff. 3 District Service Stations will be opened to cater to the needs of agricultural machinery of the ryots and the agricultural department. 12 go- downs will also be constructed to provide better storage and marketing facilities. The Central Tractor Work­ shop at Bapatla will be expanded during the Second Plan and an Agricultural information, production and train­ ing service started by opening an information unit in the office of the Director o f Agriculture.

TELANGANA

The Telangana Plan is also evolved on the same lines as that of Andhra. During the Second Plan period it is proposed to have 147 seed farms and seed stores. 17,177 tons of paddy, 991 tons of jowar, 248 tons of wheat, 1,988 tons of maize, 53 tons of pulses, 81,700 tons of sugarcane 5,716 tons of cotton, 2,232 tons of castor and 300 tons of other oilseeds and 1,101 tons of green manure seeds will be distributed. In respect of fertilizers, 15,176 tons of superphosphate and 92 tons of sulphur will be 57 supplied besides the production of 5,30,010 tons of com­ post. Training will be given to 250 Malis. Refresher courses will be conducted in Agriculture and 640 farmers will be trained besides the training of 2,293 farmers in oil engines. To afford better irrigational facilities 5 lift irrigation projects will be taken up. The target fixed for well boring is 682 besides the installation of 1,028 oil engines, sinking of 2,152 new wells and repairing 1,985 old wells. Two research stations will be opened at Ka- rimnagar and Dindi to conduct research on oilseeds in addition to the 2 exploratory stations at Khazipet and Burgampahad for work in respect of G.W.A. tobacco in the former and Virginia tobacco in the latter. A variety testing station at Vyra will also be started. A Jowar Research Section at Warangal, a botanical section at Dindi and a maize breeding station either in Rajendra- nagar or Karimnagar will be opened during the Second Plan. Apart from these, buildings and equipment will be provided for the Agricultural College, Rajendranagar, other research laboratories and Government Farms. A Soil Survey Unit will be established,, besides the starting of a Herbarium at Rajendranagar.

Research on the following aspects will also be taken up during the Second Plan Period.

1. Locust Control. 2. Fodder Research at Rajendranagar. 3. Sugarcane Research at Rudrur. 4. Fruit Research at Sangareddy. 5. Research on Jowar crop at Rajendranagar and Dindi. 6. Rainfed paddy at Adilabad. 7. Improving technique in raising tabi nurseries of paddy. 8. Crop weather observation at Dindi, Rudrur and Warangal. 9. Improvement of indigenous agricultural imple­ ments. 10. Breeding of blast resistant variety of paddy at Rajendranagar. 8 58

11. Development of Sugarcane in Factory Zone. 12. Increasing cocoanut production. 13. Improvement of Gur and Khandasari manufac­ ture. 14. Investigation of Ground Water resources. 15. Physiology of draught resistance of castor. 16. Improvement of chillies. 17. Mango Research at Sangareddy. 18. Evolution of Gall Fly resistant varieties of paddy at Narasampet. 19. Study of control measures against Itkarogum of paddy and diseases of sugarcane at Rudrur. 20. Investigation into various diseases of vegetable crops at Rajendranagar. 21. Investigation into diseases of vegetable, citrus and banana at Rajendranagar. 22. Investigation into diseases of Agricultural crops caused by Nematodes at Rajendranagar. 23. Investigation on sugar rust and smut at Rudrur.

During the Plan period, an area of 42,135 acres will be brought under mechanical cultivation both by State tractors and private tractors. Plant protection mea­ sures will be taken to benefit an area of 99,400 acres. Over a lakh of pedegree fruit plants will be produced during the Second Plan. Additional staff will also be appointed for the Grow More Food work, Publicity and propaganda, agricultural engineering section, Economic botanist sec­ tion, expansion of nursery in Rudrur and the Horticul­ tural section at Rudrur, besides the staff required for organising a statistical section at the State Headquar­ ters. An agricultural farm is proposed to be opened under the Nandikonda Project.

Statement 3 will furnish in detail the targets proposed to be reached under each scheme included in the Plan, S t a t e m e n t N o . 3 .

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION.

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

Taboet Proposed Sri. Name of the Scheme f~ ' - _____ No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) («) (4) (5)

Ov ANDHRA o

1. ComprehensiTc Staff Scheme Staff Scheme . • •

2. Training of Fieldmen and Maistries (o) Demonstration Maifltries No. flOO (6) Fieldmen. No. 300 8. Japanica Indica crosses for evolution of thrifty strains Research Scheme 4. Improvement of AkkuUu Variety of Paddy J

5. Agricultural Research Station at Kamalajmram, for paddy under Lift Irrigation Research Station No. 1 6. Evolution of improved millets .. .. StafT Scheme S t a t e m e n t No, 8—{Contd,)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

Taboet Pboposed SrL Name of the Scheme r - — ______- 'I No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

CSo 7. Multiplication and distribution of improved Seeds .. {a) Paddy Tons. 84,785

(6) Millets do 9,594

(c) Groundnuts .. do 21,405

• (c) Pulses do 1 2,025

(e) Green Manures do 646

(/) Seed Farms .. No. 800

(g) Seed Stores .. do 800

8. Production and Distribution of town Compost .. Compost Tons. 12,00,000 9. Purchase and DistriBution of Tractor^^li hire Purchase System ...... Tractors No. 375

10. Expansion of Central Tractor Workshop at Bapatla . .. Equipment etc. Value in lakhs 0.85 of Rupees. 11. Supply of improved Agricultural Implements and bee­ hives .. Implements and Beehives .. No. 94,250

12. Agricultural Information, Production and Training Service . • ,, .. Information Unit .. No. 1

18. Scheme for Production of G-2 Chillies .. (a) Cultivation of G-2 .. Acres 80,000 Chillies. (b) Production of G-2 ,. Tons 8,000 Chillies. 14. Purchase of Jeep for District Agricultural Officer, Kakinada ...... Jeep .. No.

15. Expansion of Marketing in Andhra Staff Scheme.

16. Establishment of Onion Research Station in Cuddapah District .. Research Station .. No.

17. Study of Nitrogen fixing power of important leguminous crops •• •» «• a« Research Schemes. 18. Studies in Phosphatic Availability in Rice Soils

19. Up-grading Agricultural Research Station at Nandyal for Research and Fundamental Studies in Cotton and Oil Seeds .. Laboratory equipment Value in Lakhs 2.00 of Rupees. S t a t e m e n t No. 8—{Contd.)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P e o p o s e d Sri. Name of the Scheme ----- No. Item Unit Target

(1) ;*(2) (3 ) (4) (5 ) • 05fc 20. Control of Pests and diseases • • .. (a) Power Sprayers No. 150

(6) Hand operated Sprayers do 500

(c) Hand Operated Dusters do 500

21. Establishment of zonal Parasite Breeding Station at Parasite Breeding Station No. 1 Ambajipet.

22* Intensive investigation and control of vegetable pests Research Scheme

23. Improving honey yields of beehives . ^. do

4. Intensive investigation of Fruit pests in Andhra. do 26. Intensive eultivation of fmits and vegetables Cultivation of fruits and vege- Acres r,5oo tables. 26. Vegetable Research Station at Kurnool Research Station .. No. 1

27. Cotton Extension Scheme Production of Cotton .. Bales of 892 lbs. 20,000

28. Trial of Mungari Cotton ,, Research Scheme

29. Sugarcane Research Station at Anakapalle Research Station No.

80. Sugarcane Development in Andhra Increase in cane production— (a) In old areas .. percentage 10 (b) In new areas .» „ 20 (c) Development centres .. No. 10 o> 81. Tobacco Extension Service .. Staff Scheme ,, 09

82. Strengthening of Agricultural College, Bapatla Increase in admissions .. No. 96

88. Training of tractor operators (a) Tractor operators No. per year 72 (outsiders) (b) Tractor operators „ 24 (Departmental) 84. Maintenance of purity of genetic stocks .. Research Scheme

86. Rice Research Station for tankfed areas of East Coast Research Station No. in Visakhapatnam.

86, Opening of Regional Millet Stations for improvement Regional Millet Stations No. of Millets. S t a t e m e k t N o . 8—(Contd.)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Targets Propond for the Second Plan.

T a b g e t P r o p o s e d

Sri. Name of the Scheme r No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3 ) (4) (5) o»' 87. Production of Hybrid Sajja Scheme in Anantapur Dist. .. Research Station No. 1

88. Breeding superior strains of Ragi for the rainfed and splash irrigated areas of the sandy soils of Guntur Dist. .. Research Scheme

89. Starting pulses improvement work on regional basis in Andhra. Research Scheme

40. Establishment of District Service Stations to cater to the ^ needs of agricultural machinery of the ryots and Agricul­ tural Department. .. District Service Stations. No. 3

41. Construction of market yards and godowns .. Godowns and Market yards. No. 12

42. Agriculture Marketing News Service Staff Scheme 48. Providing research facilities in Agricultural College, Bapatla. .. Buildings and laboratory equipment. Value in lakhs of Rs. 5.52 to 44. Improvement of Bhimunipatnam jute in Andhra .. Research Scheme • •

45. Scheme for Agronomic Trials ., Experiments on ryots fields No. N.A.

46. Deputation of the Officers for Post Graduate studies in India...... Officers to be trained No. 14 -47. Research (Agricultural Engineering) Section at Agricultural College, Bapatla...... Research Station No. 1 48. Laboratory facilities at Guntur for Millet specialist .. Buildings and Equipment Value in lakhs of Rs. 2.10

49. Laboratory equipment for Agricultural Research Station at Nandyal for technological work on Cotton. .. Equipment. 0.34 50. Development of Plant Physiology and stating of Herba­ rium at Bapatla...... ,. Herbarium. No. 1 51. Scheme to study the influence of irrigation on Physio- g Chemical properties of soil of Tungabhadra Project area at Yemmiganur. Research Scheme, 52. Scheme for improvement of grape vines _ .. do

58. Training of malis in Andhra .. Malis. No. 120

54. Training of farmers in fruit and vegetable production .. Farmers. No. 288

55. Regional improvement of chillies ...... Research Scheme,

56. Investigation of epliclis disease of paddy do

57. Investigation of major diseases of onion, cluster beans, do cucur bits. S t a t e m e n t N o . 3 . (Contd.)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

Target PaoposED

SrL Name of the Scheme f No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) ■ (3) (<) (5)

58. Studies in securing the help of natural enemies of insect pests at Agricultural College, Bapatla. . . Research Scheme 59. Building up named references ; Collection of insect pests at Agricultural College, Bapatla... do ■CO. Development of cashew-nut Area. Acres. 20,000

61. Establishment of Fruit Research Station at Sabbavaram.. Research Station. No. 1

^2. Establishment of Banana Research Station in West Godavari District...... do do <68. Fundamental Research in Horticulture at Jhe Agricultural College, Bapatla...... Research Station. 64. Establishment of Siib-hiimid tropical Horticultural Research Station on Tirupati Hills. •. .. Research Scheme. No. ^5. Opening of Sugarcane Research Station in Chittoor district do No. 66. Protection of sugarcane crop against pests and disease Research Scheme.

67. Provision of disease free seeds for sugarcane crop Supply of Sugarcane Seed.

68. Up-grading coconut research station at Ambajipet Building and Laboratory Value in lakhs 0.42 equipment. of Rupees. 69. Cocoanut Extension Scheme Supply of seedlings. No. in lakhs. 8.35 70. Evolution of groundnut variety suitable for rice fallows in Krishna District. Research Scheme. 71. Oilseeds extension scheme for Andhra area Additional production. Tons in lakhs. 1.43

72. Equipment to laboratory at Nandyal for work on oil seeds. Building and Laboratory Value in lakhs 1.90 equipment. of Rupees. 73. Establishing a permanent oilseeds Station in Visakha- patnam District. Research Station. No. 1 O' 74. Multiplication >and distribution of Lakshmi and Western Cotton. .. Area to be benefited. Acres. 50,000 75. Evolution of groundnut variety suitable for rice fallows .. Research Scheme. 76. Organising Cotton Research work in Tungabhadra Project area. do 77. Organising Research work on Cotton for Nandikonda Project area. do 78. Sinking of filter points Filter point Tube Wells. No. 2,000

79. Distribution of Oil Engines and electric motors under (а) Electric Motors. No. 710 hire purchase system. (б) Oil Engines. No. 550 80. Scheme for granting loans for sinking of artesian wells Artesian Wells. .. 250 81. Tube Well Scheme Tube Wells. S t a t e m e n t N o . 3 .

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION (Contd.)

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

Target Proposed Sri. Name of the Scheme ( No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) *' • (4) (5)

TELANGANA

1. Scicd Multiplication and Distribution . (o)Paddy Tons 17,177 (6) Jowar 991

(c) Wheat 99 248

‘ (d) M aize 99 1,988

{fi) Pulses 99 53

(/) Sugarcane 99 81,700

{g) Cotton 99 5,716

(A) Castor 99 2,232

{i) Other oil Seeds 99 300 2. Distribution of green manure seed like Sunhemp and Daincha Green Manure Seeds Tons • 1,101

8. Distribution of Superphosphate Superphosphate 99 15,176 4. Distribution of Sulphur and adoption of Plant protection measures (а) Sulphur 92 (б) Plant Protection Measures Acres 99,400

5. Locust Control Scheme Research Scheme • •

6. Mechanical Cultivation by State Tractors Tractors Ploughing Acres 41,185

7.' Mechanical Cultivation by Private Tractors jj • • • • >> 1,000

8. Fodder Research Scheme, Rajendrana,gar • • Research Scheme 9. Sugarcane Research Scheme, Rudrur .. do

10. Grow More Food Staff .. Staff Scheme

11. Publicity and Propaganda .. do

12. Additional Staff for Agricultural Engineering Section t • • • • Staff Scheme

13. Additional Staff for Economic Botanist Section .. / do

14. Buildings and Laboratory equipment for Agricultural College, Rajendranagar Buildings and Laboratory Value in lakhs] 5.00 equipment. of Rupees. 15. Composting of urban waste Compost Tons 5,80,010

16. Compost Development Scheme, Nizamabad ., • • •• •• 17. Production of Pedigree Fruit Plants Fruit Plants No. 1,04,750 S t a t e m e n t No, 3 .

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION. {Contd.)

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1 ) ( 2 ) (3 ) (4) (5 )

o 18. Expansion of Nursery, Rudrur ...... Staff Scheme • •

19. Horticultural Section, Rudrur .. do • •

20. Fruit Research Scheme at Sangareddy .. .. Research Scheme

21. Conversion of the Post of the Farm Superintendent, .. •• Staff Scheme •• arangal into a Class II Gazetted Post.

22. Additional requirements of reasearch laboratories .. Equipment • • .. Value in lakhs of 0.61 Rupees. 23. Additional requirements of Government Farms .. Equipment .. Value in lakhs 4.27 of Rupees. 24. Refresher Courses in Agriculture for young farmers ., Farmers • # No. 640 25. gaining of farmers and malis in Agriculture Malis No. 250

126. Seed farms and seed stores Seed farms and Seed stores No 147

27. Training of Fieldmen .. ♦ •

■28. Establishment of Orchards Area .. Acres 3,550

29. Horticulture Extension Scheme •

30. Establishment of variety testing station, Vyra Research Station No 1

31. Training of farmers in Oil Engines Farmers No. 2,293

32. Establishment of Jowar Research Section, Warangal Research Section No 1

33. Research on Jowar crop at Rajendranagar and Dindi Research Scheme

34. Rainfed paddy scheme, Adilabad .. Research Scheme

35. Improving technique in raising Tabi nurseries of paddy do

36. Crop weather observation scheme, Dindi do

37. Crop weather observation Scheme, Rudrur do

38. Crop weather observation Scheme, Warangal .. do

39. Establishment of Agricultural Farm under Nandikonda Project .. Farm No. S t a t e m e n t N o . 3 .

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION (Contd.)

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d - - Sri. Name of the Scheme f No. Item Unit Target

(1) ‘ (2) (3) (4 ) (5)

40. Expansion of chemical section and establishment of Soil Survey Unit, Rajendranagar Soil Survey Unit No. 1

41. Botanical Section, Dindi Research Section No. 1

42. Establishment of Herbarium Section Herbarium No. 1

48. Improvement of indigenous agricultural implements • • Research Scheme •• 44. Scheme for establishment of Research stations on oil seeds at Karimnagar and Dindi Research Stations No. 2 45. Establishment of exploratory station for G.W.A. Tobacco ICazipet •• •* •• •> do No. 1

46. Breeding of blast resistant variety paddy, Rajendranagar • • « Research Scheme 4T. Establishment of exploratory station for Virginia tobacco, Burgamphad Research Station No. g 48. Establishment of exploratory station for Nepani tobacco at Alampur do No. 49* Development of Sugarcane in Factory Zones (additional centre at Nizamabad) Research Scheme 50. Scheme for increasing coconut production do

51. Organisation of Statistcal Section .. Staff Scheme

52. Scheme for improvement of Gur and Kliandsari manufac­ ture, marketing and storage of Gur Research Scheme 58. Investigation of ground water resources do

54. Physiology of draught resistance of castor do

55. Regional Maize Breeding Station, Rajendranagar or CD I^rimnagar Breeding Station No. 56. Improvement of Chillies Research Scheme

57. Mango Research Scheme, Sangareddy Research Scheme

58. Other Schemes

59. Evolution of Gallfly resistant varieties of paddy, Narasampet Research Scheme

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION (eontd.) Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d SrL Name of the Scheme ------A------No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

62. Investigation into diseases of vegetable citrus and banana, Rajendranagar Research Scheme 68. Investigation into diseases of Agricultural crops caused by Nematodes, Rajendranagar .. do 64. Investigation on Sugar rust andJSmut, Rudrur do • •'

65. Lift Irrigation Scheme Lift Irrigation Projects No. 5

66. Installation of Oil Engines Oil Engines No. 1,028

67. Sinking of New Wells .. Wells do 2,152

68. Repairs to old wells WeUs do 1,985

69. Well boring .. Wells do 682 75

C h a p t e r VII MINOR IRRIGATION An assured water supply would largely overcome the adverse effects on Indian Agriculture on account of the vicissitudes of monsoon. And in this, small irrigation works have an important part to play. Though these small works have the disadvantages of a shorter life, limited protection they give and their high cost of main-^ tenance they have the following advantages : (a) they provide a large amount of dispersed employment; {b) the initial outlay involved is small j (c) they can be executed quickly and yield quick results ; (d) they generally require no special assistance by way of foreign personnel or equipment; and (e) local resources can be easily mobilised for their execution. On account of these favourable factors, during the First Plan, in Andhra area, 99 small irrigation works were taken up and by the close of the plan period 53 works were completed irrigating 24,800 acres» The State also embarked on a programme of construction and repairs to Minor Irrigation Works for which loan assistance was offered by the Government of India and as many as 155 works were completed which irrigated 10,500 acres. Dur­ ing the First Plan, the question of maintaining tanks in a proper State of repair had also assumed added impor-. tance because the traditional systems in vogue have fallen into disuse. In view of the large area irrigated by these sources the responsibility for their maintenance had become unambiguous. About 1,372 works of repairs and improvements to tanks, supply channels, etc., costing generally below Rupees one lakh but with immediate food production value were, therefore, taken up out of which 1^080 works were completed irrigating 63,500 acres. In Telangana area, there are about 33,000 tanks of which about 20,560 tanks which have more than 10 acres o f ayacut under each tank are under the purview of the P,W.D. The remaining are looked after by the culti­ vators themselves under the guidance of the Revenue Department. At the commencement of the First Plan 76 about 8,700 tanks with an ayacut of 2.30 lakhs acres were in a breached condition. Of these, 1,927 tanks with an aggregate ayacut of 1,55,411 acres were proposed to be repaired but by the end of the First Plan only 1,329 tanks with an ayacut of 89,88i< ^cres were completed and the remaining were uncfer progress. During the Second Plan, Minor Irrigation works will continue to occupy a prominent place in the programme of irrigation. An amount of Rs. 443.92 lakhs has, therefore, been earmarked for the development of minor irrigation works in the State as a whole of which Rs. 242.90 lakhs are for Andhra and Rs. 201.02 lakhs are for Telangana. All the money required for financing these schemes will be available from the Government of India by way of loans. Provisions made for each scheme can be seen from Appen­ dix V. In Andhra area, during the Second Plan, 570 tanks which are in a neglected condition will be restored by effecting necessary improvements and these will bring under ‘Irrigation’ a total ayacut of 49,000 acres including the precarious irrigation at present under them. Ano­ ther 96,000 acres will also be brought under irrigation by a number of minor irrigation works. In the Telangana region, the work on 598 breached tanks which were incomplete during the First Plan will be completed and the balance ayacut of 65, 527 acres will be developed. In addition, repairs to another 1,247 tanks with an aggregate ayacut of 75,085 acres will also be taken up. Under Minor Irrigation Works the follow­ ing six works will be taken up for execution and completed.

T a b l e 23. Minor Irrigation Works in Telangana

Sri. Ayacut at the Ultimate No. Minor Project end of the ayacut Second Plan (In acres) 1. Paleru 1,000 1,000 2. Pathacheruvu ,. , , 600 3. Kathalcheruvu ,. . . 2,000 4. Keshavpatnam 3,340 8,340 5. Branch of Peda Vagu ., ,. 2,300 6. Jungle Nala •• 2,000 Total 4,340 11,240 77

By the end of the Second Plan these six minor works will develop only 4,340 acres out of the total ayacut of 11,240 acres and the balance would be developed later on. Statement 4 will furnish in detail the targets proposed to be reached under each scheme included in the Plan.

[Statement, S t a t e m e n t N o . 4 .

MINOR IRRIGATION.

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. T a r g e t P ro po se d No. Name of the Scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

An d h r a

1. Spill-Over Schemes .. (a) Additional area to be brought under Irrigation. Lakhs of (i) New .. .. Acres. 1.10

ir (ii) Existing .. „ 0.35

2. New Schemes including Tanks Schemes .. (6) Tanks to be restored No. 57a

3. Other Schemes TELANGANA 1. Breached Tanks (Spill Over) .. (a) Tanks to be repaired No. 5 9 8

(6) Area to be brought under Acres. 6,528 Irrigation.

2. Breached Tanks and Minor Irrigation Works .. Breached Tanks

(i) to be repaired .. No. 1,247

{ii) Area to be Irrigated .. Acres. 75,085

Minor Irrigation Works

(i) Works .. .. No.

(ii) Area to be Irrigated Acres. 4,340 <1 80

C h a p te r VIII

LAND DEVELOPMENT.

The pressure of population being generally heavy in the country as a whole, for production to be adequate and to keep pace with the increase of population, both extensive and intensive cultivation are equally necessary ; but emphasis will have to be laid on the former for long-term and on the latter for short-term results. Extension of cultivation is. generally sought to be brought about mainly through land reclamation schemes, mechanized cultivation, irrigation projects and soil conservation schemes. Reclamation of new lands and extension of the frontiers of cultivation are arduous tasks ; their completion would involve immense time and man-power. To accelerate extensive cultivation tractors and bulldozers had been coming into greater use. There had been heavy demand for tractors for ploughing opera­ tions particularly from regions where dry and garden cul­ tivation predominate. The use of tractors has distinct advantages in certain operations such as : (a) reclamation of waste or weed infested lands ; (b) cultivation of lands in sparsely populated areas where there is a shortage of labour; (c) drainage and Soil Conservation operations such as Contour bunding, terracing, ridging etc.

According to some estimates there is a saving of three- eighths to half in expenditure for earth works by use of these machines.

In the Andhra area, the tractors and bulldozers have gained immense popularity and there is an ever increas­ ing demand especially, for the tractors under hire-pur­ chase system. By the end of First Plan 151 bulldozers were in operation and they covered an area of 1,45,596 acres. During the same period 255 tractors were also distributed under hire purchase system and these tractors covered an area of 99,705 acres. In the Telan- gana area also, the Government Tractor Organisation ploughed up 3,574 acres during the Second Plan. Besides this, 24 tractors were supplied on taccavi loans to culti­ vators. 81

In Andhra Pradesh, an area of 4,2 million acres is classed as cultivable waste which forms as much as 6.2% of the total geographical area. During the Second Plan therefore, a sum of Rs. 39.88 lakhs has been set apart for land Development—Rs. 30.00 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 9.88 lakhs for Telangana. Of this amount, a grant of Rs, 6.73 lakhs is expected from the Government of India. The financial break-up of the Plan provision can be seen from appendix VI.

In Andhra area, during the Second Plan period, it is proposed to acquire 44 bulldozers to meet the increasing demands of the ryots. In Telangana region, 11,050 acres of waste lands will be reclaimed besides 8,425 acres of scrub forests.

II C h a p te r IX ANIMAL HUSBANDRY The total Livestock population of Andhra Pradesh is 20.5 millions of which cattle number about 17 millions. Despite this vast numbers, the contribution which they make to the growth of rural economy is very little. The object of Animal Husbandry programmes is to increase supply of milk, meat and eggs, a greater consumption of which is essential in order to balance the present customary diets, and to provide efficient bullock power for agricul­ tural operations in the State. Along with the quantity, the quality of cattle is also of critical importance to the development of rural economy. They also provide certain animal products such as wool, hair, hides and skins, the efficient utilisation of which as industrial raw materials has a growing economic significance. There has been a complaint that the present cattle population is consi­ derably in excess of the available supplies of fodder. During the First Five-Year Plan, in Andhra area, 17 schemes, both on veterinary and Livestock side, were taken up. Livestock farms at Waltair, Chintaladevi, Palamaner and Mahanandi were started and the dairy farm at Waltair was producing over 2,000 pounds of milk per day. The other 3 farms were mainly carrying out research work on the various breeds of cattle and producing stud bulls for distribution in the blocks. With a view to meet the growing demand for technical per­ sonnel a veterinary and Livestock Inspector’s course was also started at Visakhapatnam and 2 batches of candidates are now under training. In Guntur, a Ranikhet Disease Vaccine Laboratory was started for the production of Ranikhet disease vaccine. 12 veterinary dispensaries and 12 touring billets were also started during the plan period. Towards the eradication of Rinderpest mass inoculations were carried out in the six districts South of river Krishna. 4 Key Village Centres and 3 Artificial Insemination centres were also started besides the forma­ tion of three sheep units at Kakinada, Nellore and Ananta- pur. A Cattle breeding Association was organised at Ongole for the development of Ongoles. In the Telangana area, during the First Plan Period, a two-year emergency diploma course in Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry was started and 60 Veteri­ nary Assistants and 33 stockmen were trained. A Mobile

82 ^3

Veterinary dispensary and 9 Stationary Veterinary dispen­ saries were also started besides the establishment of a Key Village Centre at Karimnagar and a Salvage farm at Sarcarnagar. 32 touring billets .were also started ^during the First Plan Period. The Rinderpest Eradication Scheme was implemented in the Telangana area also. During the Second Plan Period the objective of the Plan is to provide Veterinary aid even to the interior villages and bring about an all-round development in the , quaUty of Livestock. On the whole, 84 schemes—29 in Telangana and 55 in Andhra—will be taken up at a cost of Rs. 335.30 lakhs—Rs. 83.51 lakhs for Telangana and Rs. 251.79 lakhs for Andhra. Of this amount, a sum of Rs. 105.525 lakhs will be available by way of central assistance. The details of the various schemes proposed to be taken up in Andhra Pradesh with their financial break-up will be found in Appendix VII, In Andhra area, during the Second Plan, it is pro­ posed to train 468 Veteiinary students in the Veterinary college at Bapatla to meet the acute shortage of Veterinary Graduates required for implementing the numerous plan schemes. 4 candidates each in ‘ Animal Husbandry ’ and ‘ Dairying ’ will be sent abroad for training in the latest methods in Livestock development and Dairying. In order to provide better veterinary facilities even in the interior villages and to control the contagious cattle diseases, 28 Veterinary institutions, 77 Minor Veterinary dispensaries, 21 touring billets and 105 Veterinary First Aid Centres will be started. A clinical Laboratory, at each District Headquarters hospital and Livestock farm, will be opened to enable quick diagnosis of cases on the spot and to render timely aid. The Rinderpest eradication campaign will be shifted to the districts North of River Krishna after the work in the districts South of Krishna is completed. A Gosadan will be estabhshed for segregating old, unproductive and other infirm cattle. It is mainly through Key Village Schemes that the programme of Livestock improvement will be carried out. The Key Village Scheme provides for concentrated work in selected areas. It envisages castration of scrub bulls, control of breeding operations by Artificial In­ semination, rearing of calves on subsidised basis etc.. As the present quality of Livestock is very poor, steps will be taken to upgrade them by supply of better breeds, u

Since piggery is a neglected industry it is proposed to encourage it by opening a piggery farm in Andhra area and by supply of boars and sows to pig breeders. A goat breeding farm will also be opened and male and fe­ male goats will be supplied to villagers at subsidised rates. As Bee-keeping has great potentialities for development as a Cottage Industry, Bee-keeping centres will be esta­ blished in all Livestock and poultry farms in the State. There are at present three sheep shearing demonstration units doing routine propaganda in villages on scientific management and breeding of sheep for wool and mutton. No effort has so far been made in this State for produc­ tion of pedigree sheep for distribution to the villagers. With a view to improve mutton and woolly breed of sheep in this State and to stimulate export of wool to foreign countries, a sheep farm in Anantapur District where facilities are available will be started. It is also proposed to supply rams and ewes to the villagers at subsidised rates. The value of poultry as a subsidiary industry has long been recognised, but poultry development has taken place at a relatively slow rate. The average indigenous hen produces about 50 eggs per year as against 120 in many other countries. A factor in poultry development is the loss which the poultry breeder frequently suffers from the out-break of diseases such as Ranikhet, Fowl-ox and Spirochaetosis. Predatory animals and birds also take a large toll of village poultry. A Ranikhet disease vaccine Laboratory was started during the First Plan in Guntur to protect poultry in the State. This will be provided with additional equipment during the Second Plan Period. A Central Poultry Research Station will also be opened to conduct research on poultry. The Government of India have sponsored a pilot scheme for the development of poultry which envisages the rearing of poultry supplied by the Centre in the State Poultry Farms for multiplication and distribution in the Community Development and National Extension Service blocks. One poultry unit was started in Palamaner in 1955-56, and during the Second Plan, some pilot projects will be started in Andhra area. As the demand for supply of exotic eggs and birds is increasing on account of starting of poultry units in National Extension Service and Com­ munity Development Blocks, it is proposed to start one more poultry farm in the State to supply exotic cocks. 85 hens and eggs to the villagers at subsidised rates. Since the absence of a propaganda unit has been felt as a great draw-back, it is decided to open a propaganda section during the Second Plan Period, to educate the rural folk on the latest methods of breeding, feeding and management of cattle and treatment of cattle diseases. In order to rehabilitate the nomadic breeders a cattle breeding society will also be established during the Second Plan Period. To focus public attention on the importance of cattle breeding, dairy development and development of Veterinary science, 300 cattle shows will be arranged in Andhra area. The Plan for Telangana area envisages the opening of 13 stationary Veterinary Dispensaries, 51 Rural Veterinary Dispensaries and the provision of additional grant for medicines and equipment. 4 Jeeps will be provided to the District Veterinary Officers to control the out­ break of contagious diseases promptly and effectively. The Plan also aims at the opening of Key Village Centres, reorganisation of existing cattle breeding farms, estab­ lishment of Gosadan, rehabilitation of nomadic cattle breeders and the opening of Livestock Research Station at Hyderabad. Funds have also been provided for the improvement of Gaushalas in Telangana. Sheep and poultry development will be undertaken by the opening of sheep breeding farm and Wool technical laboratory at Nalgonda, sheep and wool development centres. Central Poultry Farm at Hyderabad, Poultry Extension Centres and appointment of Poultry Development Officer. To man the various schemes, a second batch of 100 students will be admitted into the 2 year emergency diploma course started at Hyderabad. Various short-term courses like Stockmen* training and poultry training will be started. New buildings for dispensaries and hostel will be provided for trainees at the cattle breeding farm, Karimnagar. The existing Serum Institute will be reorganised to manufacture additional biologicals to combat the diseases at fields. A sound publicity service will be undertaken to bring home to the ryots the latest technical knowledge about breeding, feeding, management etc. The Rinder­ pest disease will be eradicated from the area during the Second Plan Period. Statement 5 will show the details of all the schemes proposed for implementation together with the targets aimed at during the Second Plan Period. 86

Statem ent No. 5.

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

Target proposed Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ANDHRA

1. Additional staff for the Office Staff Scheme of the D.A.H. & D.V.Os. 2. Vety. & Livestock Training of No. 250 Inspector’s Course. of students. 8. Opening of Vety. Colleges including Diagnostic Labo­ ratory .. .. Do No 468 4. Training of Animal Husban- Training of 8 dry & Dairy personnel. personnel. 5. Starting of Ranikhet Disease Improvements Vaccine Laboratory. to the Labora­ tory. 6. Central Poultry Research Production of No. 500 Station cocks. 7. Opening of Clinical Labora- Examination of No. 18 tories. specimens. 8. Distribution of male breeding Bulls. No. 200 stock. 9. Livestock Research Station, Improvements. Chintaladevi. 10. Distribution of female breeding Female stock. No. 70 stock. 11. Key Village Scheme .. (o) K.V. centres No. (6) Extension cen- tres. No. 20 12. Establishment of Livestock Improvements Farm in Tungabhadra Pro­ ject area. 18. Opening of a piggery .. Boars & Sows .. No. 200 14. Opening of a Goat Breeding Bucks & Does „ 150 Farm. 15. Supply of white breeding Bulls, 3 5 0 bulls. 87

S t a t e m e n t No. 5 .—(Contd.)

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Targets proposed for the Second ‘Plan

Target proposed Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ANDHRA No. 18. Supply of buffalo breeding bulls Bulls 880 17. Supply of male goats Goats .. „ 500 18. Supply of female goats do „ 920 19*. Supply of Dairy cows Cows. ,, 400 20. Supply of she-buffaloes She buffalos „ 500 21. Supply of boars Boars „ 200 22!. Supply of sows Sows. ,, 60 2ff. Opening of Touring Billets Touring Billets „ 21 24. Opening of First Aid Centres Centres „ 105 25i. Opening of Minor Vety. Dis­ Minor Vetrinary „ 77 pensaries. Dispensaries 265. Oppeining of Vety. Dispen­ Vetrinary „ 28 saries. Dispensaries 27. Pilot scheme for eradication Inoculations 57.60 of Rinderpest. lakhs. 281. Goshala Development .. Assistance to Goshalas 25

29*. Estt. of Gosadan .. Gosadan One. 80>. Opening of Wool Demonstra- Wool Demonstra­ Three tion Units. tion Unit 81. Opening of Sheep Farm .. Production of rams 200 82;. Supply of Rams .. Rams. 245 88i. ,, Ewes. .. Ewes 1,225 84i. Opening of Dt. Poultry Farm Production of cocks 280 85i. Poultry Development .. Cocks. 8 86». Supply of exotic cocks .. Cocks 8,680 87'. „ hens .. Hens 8,680 88$. „ eggs. .. Eggs. 20,000 as

S t a t e m e n t N o . 5 .—(Contd.)

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

Target proposed Sri. Name of the scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) ^ (8) (4) (5)

ANDHRA.—(Contd.) 89. Opening of Bee-Demonstra- production tion Units. of honey. Units 10 40. Construction of hostel at Hostel No. One Govt. Dairy Farm, Waltair 41. Opening of propaganda Propaganda No. 1 section. Section. 42. Rehabilitation of nomadic Development of cattle breeders. cattle of sugalis. 48. District & State Cattle Shows Cattle shows No. 800

44. Development of cattle breed­ Cattle 99 16,liq ing.

45. Co-operative Salvage Farm . Dry animals 99 250 46. Supply of Dairy Equipment Equipment sets 8,500

47. Supply of Poultry Equipment 99 99 400 48. Supply of Dairy Female Stock Cows. No. 1,000

49. Supply of Poultry birds. 99 12,500 50. Supply of Sheep and goats .. Sheep and goats „ 1,125 51. Water supply arrangements Water supply to to Livestock Farm, Lam, the Farm. Guntur. 52. Additional Staff for Livestock Staff Scheme Farm, Mahanandi. 58. Reorganisation of Livestock Staff, buildings etc., Research Station, Palamaner. 54. Scheme for starting of biolo­ Institute No. One gical institute. 55. Additional Staff to Livestock Staff Scheme. Farm, Chintaladevi. 89

St a t e m e n t No. 5—(Contd.)

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. Target proposed No. Name of the scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

T el an g a n a

1. Regional Dy. Director .. Dy. Director No. 1 2. Staff for Head Office .. .. Staff Scheme 8. Stationary Vety. Hospitals; Hospitals No 18 4. Rural Vety. Dispensaries .. Dispensaries „ 51 5. Jeeps to Dist. Vety. Officers . Jeeps ,, 4 6. Medicines and Equipment .. 7. Emergency 2 year diploma Trainees No. 100 course 8. Training of stockmen .. Trainees „ 80 9. Training of boys in Poultry ,, „ 60 & duck rearing. 10. Training of personnel abroad. .. .. ,, 11. Hostel for trainees at Live- Hostel No. One stock farm. 12. Sheep Breeding Farm and Wool Technological Farm „ One Laboratory. , 18. Reorganisation of existing Farms „ Two Farms. 14. Statistician Class II .. Statistician „ One 15. Poultry Development Officer Officer ,, One 16. Central Poultry Farm, Farm „ One Hyderabad. 17. Poultry extension centres Centres. „ 20 18. Key village centres .. (a) Key village „ 4 centres. (6) Extension „ 4 centres. (c) Urban A. I. Centres 8 (d) Subsidy Calves. „ 1,500

12 oo:

St a t e m e n t N o . 6—{Contd.)

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. Target proposed No. Name of the scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (S)

19. Livestock Research Station Station No. One 20. Establishment of Gosadan .. Gosadan One 21. Gaushala Development scheme Ganshala Ten 22. Rehabilitation of nomadic Families 40 cattle breeders. 28. Sheep and wool development Centres 21 Centre. 24. Dist. and state cattle shows Shows 100 25. Publicity Officer Officer One 26. Reorganisation of biological products and research Serum Institute One Station at Hyderabad. 27. Unforeseen schemes • • 28. Buildings for farms and Buildings No. 14 hospitals. 29. Rinderpest eradication Dists. to be Covered „ 9 scheme. 91

C h a p t e r X . DAIRYING AND MILK SUPPLY For a country like India with a large vegetarian population, milk is a very important food. Despite this fact and the large number of milch animals in India, dairying is in a backward condition. While this is so, the supply of milk to urban areas is much more unsatisfac­ tory both in quantity and quality. This is due to lack of organised production in the surrounding villages, dijSiculties of transport, production of milk in urban areas under insanitary conditions and at high prices and^its distribution by a host of middlemen. In recent years, the supply of milk to urban areas has become an urgent problem for several reasons. Mushroom dairies set up in urban areas under unhygienic conditions are a danger to public health. Much of the milk sold in towns is adulterated and of poor quality. It is therefore impor­ tant to divise arrangements which will ensure the supply of adequate quantities of milk to urban areas (a) under conditions in which quality is guaranteed and {h) at prices which are remunerative to the milk producer aiid fair to the consumer. During the First Plan, in Andhra area, production of 6,000 M.M. of milk per day in urban areas through milk supply co-operative societies was achieved. Loans were distributed to milk supply societies for the purchase of milch animals and subsidies were given to the cattle breeding societies for selective and scientific breeding programmes. In Telangana,^cattle breeding\^and Dairy Farm at Rajendranagar was improved. During the Second Plan period 8 Schemes are proposed to be implemented in the State—5 in Andhra and 3 in Telangana—at a cost of Rs. 82.65 lakhs—Rs. 57.70 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 24.95 lakhs for Telangana. Central assistance to the extent of Rs. 78.18 lakhs is expected to be available for the implementation of all these schemes, Rs. 25.99 lakhs by way of loans and Rs. 52.19 lakhs by way of grants. The details of the schemes together with the financial break-ups will be found in Appendix VIII. In Andhra, urban milk supply will be augmented by strengthening the existing milk supply co-operatives and starting new^ones. Short-term loans will be dis­ bursed to members of the societies for the purchase of d2

milch animals. An intensive milk supply scheme will be introduced in five selected municipal towns, where de­ mand for milk is great, which aims at the installation of a medium-sized dairy plant in each town with its own site, buildings, pasturisation plant, cold storage plant, tansport and dstribution facilities and testing labora­ tory equipment to facilitate distribution of pure and good milk to consumers under sanitary conditions. By the end of the plan, production of milk through co-operatives will be increased to 25,000 M.M. per day. The Dairy committee of the Indian Council of Agricultural Re­ search had recommended the opening of milk powder factories throughout the country and it is proposed to have 2 factories in Andhra area in view of the availability of surplus milk in certain pockets of the State. The manufacture of milk powder of which large quantities are now imported from foreign countries will provide a profitable industry for surplus milk and also for replacing miports as soon as practicable. During the Second Plan period, the Dairy-cum-Bull farm at Visakhapatnam will be continued to supply pasturised milk to the public of the town. In addition, 2 more dairy farms combined with grass farms will be started. The farms will not only produce wholesome milk but also supply pedigree bull calves to the ryots. The Dairy Committee of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research has also suggested, the constitution of a milk board with a Commissioner in each state to ensure proper supply and to carry out quality control rigidly. The milk Commissioner is expected to co-ordinate the work of the co-operative milk supply unions, private enterprise and supplies from the Govern­ ment Livestock Dairy Farms. One milk board will, therefore, be established during the Second Plan period.

In Telangana, a co-operative milk supply union will be organised during the second plan for the development of milk supply facilities in the twin-cities of Hyderabad and and the production of milk will be increased to 10,000 M.M. per day. One Dairy Develop­ ment Officer will also be appointed besides affording training facilities to the Dairy personnel.

Statement 6 will furnish the details of targets pro­ posed to be achieved during the Second Plan under each scheme in both Andhra and Telangana regions. S ta te m e n t N o . 6. DAIRYING AND MILK SUPPLY Targets proposed for the Second Plan

T a k g et P roposed S. No. Name of the Scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

ANDHRA C0 1. Urban Milk Supply Scheme .. Production of Milk .. MMS. 25,000 Cfl per day. 2. Milk Powder Factories .. Factories .. No. 2 8. Dairy-dUm-Bull Farm, Waltair • • • • .. Continuance .. ., 4. Opening of Dairy and Grass Farms .. Farms .. No. 2 5. Milk Board.. .. Milk Board .. No. 1

TELANGANA

1. Milk supply scheme for the twin Cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad .. Milk .. MMS. 10,000 per day. 2. Appointment of Dairy Development Officer Class I .. Officer , , ... No. 1 8. Training of Dairy personnel .. .. • • 94

C h a p t e r XI. FORESTS Forests provide raw materials for the building in­ dustry, defence and communications, besides being the source of urban firewood and of small timber required for rural communities. They provide grazing, hay and fodder and, in addition, protect the soil on sloping lands from accelerated erosion by water and on flat lands from desiccation and wind erosion. They also serve to moderate floods and to maintain stream flow in the catchment of the rivers and have an ameliorating in­ fluence on the factors of the -climate. Properly disposed shelter belts and wind belts serve to increase agricultural yields to a marked extent.

Rapid industrialisation of the country will need tim­ ber not only as a direct material for several industries but also for the construction of factories and for packing the manufactured products. Forests development should, therefore, take into consideration the long range deve­ lopment of forest resources and increasing timber in the immediate future.

The main principles governing the management of forest resources and their continued development were also laid down by the forest policy resolution 1952. The resolution stressed the need for— (1) evolving a system of balanced and comple­ mentary land use, under which each type of land is allot­ ted to that form of use under which it would produce most and deteriorate least; (2) checking— (а) denudation in mountainous regions on which depends the perennial water supply of the river systems whose basis constitute the fertile core of the country ; (б) the erosion progressing space along the tree­ less, banks of the great rivers leading to ravine formation, and^^on vast stretches of undulating waste-lands depriv­ ing the adjoining fields of their fertility; and ^ (c) the invasion of sea-sands on coastal tracts, and the shifting of sand dunes, more particularly in Rajputana deserts ; ^5

(3) establishing tree lands, wherever possible, for the amelioration of physical and climatic conditions and promoting the general well-being of the people; (4) ensuring progressively increasing supplies of grazing, small wood for agricultural implements, and in particular, of firewood to release the cattle-dung for manure to step-up food production; (5) sustained supply of timber and other forest produce required for defence, communications and in­ dustry ; and (6) the realisation of the maximum annual reve­ nue in perpetuity consistent with the fulfilment of the needs enumerated above. In order to implement these directives and to deve­ lop the country’s forest resources effectively and’ use­ fully, measures will be necessary— (i) to extend and improve areas under forests ; (ii) to meet the increased demand for timber and forest produce in the immediate future ; and (Hi) to plan for the long range development of forest resources. During the First Plan period, in Andhra Area, Pan- chayat forests comprising an area of 2,000 square miles were taken over and on an area of 315 acres on the banks of river Pennar in Cuddapah district, Prosopis Juliflora and other species were planted. In the coastal districts Casuarina was planted in an area of 1,509 acres. Pre­ paration of working plans for panchayat forests and revision in respect of departmental forests in eight forest divisions were completed and regeneration plots covering an area of 16,880 acres in all the districts were raised. Roads over a length of 23 miles in Kurnool district and 24|miles in the Agency areas were also formed.

During the Second Plan period, it is proposed to continue the efforts undertaken during the First Plan and extend the activities of the department in making use of the forest wealth to the best advantage of the State. 80 schemes—19 in Telangana and 11 in Andhra are, therefore, programmed for implementation at a total cost of Rs. 115.12 lakhs— ^Rs. 69.47 lakhs for Andhra and Rs, 45,65 lakhs for Telangana. Out of the plan 96 provision of Rs. 115.12 lakhs, Central assistance to the extent of Rs. 45.54 lakhs (of which Rs. 12.35 lakhs is subsidy), will be available. The break-up of the Plan provision into Revenue, Capital, Loans and Advanctes and Central Assistance will be found in Appendix IX.

In Andhra area, during the Second Plan period, work­ ing plans for the ex-estate and departmental forests in forest divisions will be prepared and river bank plan­ tations over an area of 544 acres in Cuddapah district, Casuarina in coastal districts over an area of 3,180 acres, regeneration plots all over the region covering an area of 17,450 acres and afforestation plots on denuded hill slopes over an area of 775 acres, will be raised. Roads over a length of 399 miles in Kurnool and Cuddapah dist­ ricts and 286 miles in Agency areas will be improved. A bamboo training centre in Kurnool district, a lac Centre in East Godavari district and a game sanctuary in Cuddapah-Chittoor districts will be opened. 85 quar­ ters for subordinate staff stationed in Agency tracts will be constructed and 6 District Forest Officers will be supplied with jeeps. An area of 1,330 acres will also be )lanted with fuel and small timber species on denuded lill slopes outside the Reserved Forests in Rayalaseema.

In the Telangana region, lac to the extent of 800 maunds in Nirmal Division will be propagated. The Second Plan also aims at artificial regeneration in timber and fuel in the forests of all the districts over an area of 5,750 acres and afforestation in the districts of Nalgonda, Hyderabad and Medak over an area of 17,750 acres. Soft wood plantation in Warangal district to meet the increasing demand in matchwood will be undertaken in 50 acres annually and 4 sanctuaries will be established in Medak, Warangal and Hyderabad districts. 4-unit nurseries a year to supply seedlings and stumps to the plantation areas will be established. Roads over a length of 80 miles will be constructed to ensure exploitation of interior forest wealth.

The targets proposed to be reached under each scheme will be found in statement No. 7. m

Statement No. 7 FORESTS Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Target proposed f . ------Name of the Scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4)

ANDHRA

1. Working Plan CiTcle .. Preparation of No. of working plans, divisions 2. Afforestation of river banks .. (a) planting acres 54* . (b) maintenance >> 815 8. Extension of Casuarina plantation .. Raising casurina. >> s.iao 4. Forest Regeneration .. Regeneration >> 17.490 plots. 5. Afforestation of denuded hills inside Afforestation of 9 9 7 n Reserved Forests. hill slopes. 6. Forest Roads (plains) .. Improvement of Miles 8d» Roads. r. Forest Roads (Agency) • • f > 99 sae 8. Forest industries .. (a) bamboo •No. 1 training centre. (6) lac. centre No. 1 JB. Buildings in Agency .. Construction of No. w quarters. 10. Wild Life Preservation (a) game No. 1 sanctuary. (b) improvement Miles. of roads. (c) Improvement No. 18 1 of buildings 11. Supply of Jeeps to district Forest Supply of jeeps. No. 6 Officers.

TELENGANA.

1. Strengthening of territorial divisions. 3. Strengthening of Accounts Branch Staff Schemes, 8. Strengthening of sericultural Research Branch.

la Statement No. 7. (Contd), FORESTS Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. Target proposed No. Name of the Scheme Item Unit TargeP

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

4. Forest Research Propaganda and Staff Scheme Publicity. 5. Soil Conservation Research Centre Research Scheme. (Sahibnagar). 6. Afforestation and Anti-erosion works Afforestation. Acres. 17,750 in dry and eroded land. 7. Acquisition of lands for conservation .. works. 8.' Lac Cultivation Lac. Maunds. 800 9. Artificial regeneration in fuel and pole Regeneration. Acres. 2,500 forests. 10. Nurseries under afforestation Nursery .. One unit Per annum 11. Purchase and maintenance of vehicles'^ (a) wild office. No. 1 12. Organisation of protection staff W6) sanctuaries. No. 4 for sancturies. | 18. Preservation of wild life J (c) Jeep No. 1 14. Artificial regeneration in Timber forests Regeneration. Acres. 3,250 15. Construction of buildings Buildings No. 21 16. Matchwood Plantation Plantations Acres 250

17. Nurseries under forest development . Nursery .. units 4 Per annum 18. Construction of roads , Roads. .. Miles. 80 19. Cashewnut plantation Plantation. Acre*. 1,600 9D

C h a p t e r XII.

SOIL CONSERVATION Large areas in all parts of the country have beeii rendered useless as a result of Soil erosion and areas which suffer from moderate or slight erosion and whose productivity is reduced as a result of Soil losses are very much larger still. Large areas of lands have also gone out of productive use because of wind and water erosion and this process is continuously at work. The most important cause of erosion is destruction of forests and other vegetation from sloping lands, desert margins and other areas susceptible to erosion. Destruction of trees and natural grasses in dry areas has similar harmful effects. Besides the damage caused as a result of destruction of forests, considerable erosion results from faulty land use practices on farm lands viz., failure to practice such measures as ploughing along the contours on sloping lands, proper crop rotations and in particular growing of cover crops. Much damage originates also in fallows, grazing lands or uncultivated waste lands which are generally nelgected.

Measures for controlling erosion and restoring the productivity of eroded lands can be divided into 4 classes : (1) Regulation of land use—This includes measures for securing such alterations in the existing pattern of land use as are necessary to ensure that the different types of lands are used according to their land use capability i.e., the use for which, in view of the physical characteris­ tics, they are best fitted; retiring cultivated lands in highly erodable areas from cultivation and bringing them under forests or grazing ; restriction on or closure of grazing in badly eroded forests or grazing lands, and settle­ ment of shifting cultivators to permanent cultivation are some examples of the types of alterations which are needed. (2) Afforestation and preservation of forests by scientific forest management. (3) Improvement of land use practices on farm lands. This includes such measures as ploughing along contours and strip-cropping on sloping lands; proper •crop rotations; application of adequate manures and fertilisers; care of fallows and other uncultivated lands. m (4) Engineering m ^ures : Under this are included Construction of bunds and terraces, check , channels for drainage of surplus water, gully plugging, etc.

During the First Plan, in Andhra area, Soil Con­ servation measures such as contour bunding, gully plug­ ging, contour cultivation etc. suited to each locality were in operation in the red soil and black soil areas of Ananta- pur and Kurnool districts over an area of 7,006 acres. In Telangana area also, contour-bunding over an area of 1,24(7 acres was done during the First Plan Period.

The Second Plan for Soil Conservation includes 14 schemes—12 for Andhra area and 2 for Telangana-at a total cost of Rs. 101.79 lakhs—^Rs. 72.96 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 28.83 lakhs for Telangana. Of this amount, a sum of Rs. 57.74 lakhs will be available by way of Central Assistance for all the schemes proposed for implementation. The Financial break-up of the plan provision for each scheme included in the Second Plan will t)e found in Appendix X.

During the Second Plan Period, in Andhra area, ^ 96,476 acres will get benefit by the various Soil Conserva- ’ tion schemes. Aferestation plots will be raised over an area of 1,330 acres. 35 persons will also be trained in different Soil Conservation methods. In Telangana area, the plan aims at contour-bunding an area of 82,750 acres, besides the establishment of a Soil Research Station at Rudrur. The targets aimed at, for the various schemes by the end of the Second Plan Period can be seen from Statement. 8. SOIL CONSBRTATION. Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. T a r g e t p r o p o s e d . No. Name of the Scheme. Item. Unit. Target.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ANDHRA. 1. Araku Valley Pilot Scheme Area to b'e tackeled. Acres. 4,745 2. Extension Scheme—Soil Conservation Scheme for black soil a, 135 areas in Anantapur and Kurnool Districts. ‘ 3. Soil Conservation Schemes for red Soil areas in Anantapur 9,126 District. A. Scheme for Laying out demonstration plots 900 6. Soil Conservation Schemes in Ichapuram 500 Community Development Block. «. Soil Conservation in Pendurti Block 1,700 Soil Conservation, scheme in Rayachoti taluk of Cuddapah 4,000 District. 8. Soil Conservation Scheme for Machkund basin 59,000 9. Scheme for training of personnel in Soil Conservation Persons to be trained. No. 35 10. Scheme for Soil Conservation in heavy rainfall zones Area to be tackled. Acres. 18,370 11. Scheme for starting regional research station .. Research Station. No. 1 12. Afforestation of denuded hills outside Reserve Forests Afforestation plots. Acres. 1,330

TELANGANA. IS. Contour bunding .. Contour bunding. Acres. 32,750 14. Soil Research Station, Rudrur .. Soil Research Station. No. 1 102

C h a p te r XIII FISHERIES The diet of an average Indian lacks in the much needed proteins which are essential for building body tissues. Fish is a better and cheaper source of proteins when compared to other sources such as meat, pork^ poultry etc. Further, fish forms an important constitu­ ent of the diet of the average man over considerable areas. Fortunately, the State has got a coast line of 600 miles and fishable areas of the seas is estimated at 12,000 sq. miles or 7,680,000 acres.

The development of fisheries falls under the following major heads : I. Direction. II. Marine Fisheries Development. III. Inland Fisheries Development. IV. Research. V. Socio-Econimics.

The following items fall under each of the major heads mentioned above.

I. Direction. Headquarters stafp.

II. Marine Fisheries. (i) Conservancy measures. (ii) Establishment of suitable harbours for mechanised vessels. (Hi) Exploration of the fishing grounds. (iv) Fish preservation and transport.

III. Inland Fisheries. (i) Conservancy measures. {ii) Development by proper stocking. (Hi) Judicious exploitation. \iv) Introduction of new varieties of fish. 103

IV , Research,

(i) Marine Fisheries Research. (ii) Inland Fisheries Research. (Hi) Technological Research.

V. Socio-Economics.

(i) Education facilities. (ii) Connecting fishing villages with roads. (Hi) Proper marketing places.

During the First' Plan Period, in Andhra 97.67 lakhs of seed were collected and stocked in departmental waters and also distributed to the private pisciculturists with a view to make them rear the fish in their own tanks and about 10,000 tons of fish were produced. As the fish caught get spoiled quickly in a tropical country like that of ours 3 fish curing yards were started during the First Plan Period where salt was issued at subsidized rates for curing of fish and more than, 2,500 tons of fish was cured in these yards. To enable the fishermen to transport fish from the landing centres quickly, 2 vans were maintained by the department which transported about 288 tons of fish. The Department distributed yarn at subsidised rates to fishermen to enable them to mend their nets and catch more fish. With a view to exploit the fisheries of deep seas, 8 motor fishing vessels were purchased in the Composite State of Madras and one of them was stationed at Kakinada. This vessel w'orked for some time during the First Plan Period but was under repairs mostly. Two local fishing Navas were mecha­ nized with 10 H.P. Marine Diesel engines which proved to be quite suitale for fishing in the seas. An ice plant for the preservation of fish with a storage capacity of 50 tons was received as a gift under the T.C.A. but it w^as not installed.

In the Telanagna area, the fisheries in Mahaboob- nagar and Karimnagar were developed by collecting fish seed and stocking them in various waters in the districts as a. result of which over 80 lakh pounds of fish were produed during the First Plan Period. il04i

What was accomplished during the First Plan is not much compared to the vast potential resources of the State. It is, therefore, proposed to make up the lost ground during the Second Plan, on the whole, 30 schemes will be implemented—18 in Andhra and 12 in Telangana—^at a total cost of Rs. 110.51 lakhs—Rs. 76.06 in Andhra and Rs. 84.45 in Telangana. Central assis­ tance to the tune of Rs. 18.08 lakhs will be available for implementing these schemes of which Rs. 17.08 lakhs will be by way of grants. The break-up of the plan provision of each scheme proposed to be taken up during the Second Plan will be found in Appendix XI.

In the Andhra area, during the Second Plan Period, it is proposed to strengthen the staff at the Headquarters to enable proper direction towards better implementation of the schemes initiated. As propaganda among the members of the public as well as fishermen is necessary to acquaint them with the activities of the department, it is proposed to establish an information unit during the Second Plan Period. An aquarium will also be construct­ ed in the State. 10 more fish curing yards under the ‘ salt subsidy scheme ’ will be opened besides the dis­ tribution of 45 mechanised boats at subsidized rates to fishermen from whom the cost of the boats will be re­ covered in easy instalments spread over a period of 5 years excluding non-fishing months. 1,000 Nylon bottom gill nets will also be distribited to fishermen at subsidized rates. Mechanised fishing to become popular, will necessarily take long time before all the wind driven crafts are replaced by mechinzed boats. The Depart­ ment, therefore will distribute 1,000 logs which are used for making teppas at subsidized rates, to help fishermen to replace their worn out logs. 9 Marine fishery stations will be located at convenient places in the State which will provide facilities for repairing the boats, spare parts and oil needed for mechanized boats, facilities for curing catches, manufacture of by-products and provision of information on weather. During the Second Plan Period, it is also proposed to purchase 10 vans and 2 carrier boats for transporting fish from catch-landing centre to the consuming centre.

The demand for the supply of seed of the quick growing fish from private pisciculturists is on the increase in the State and the demands from the neighbouring States 105 which are deficit in these types of seed is also increasing, 350 lakhs of fingerlings \yill therefore be collected during the Plan Period. It is also proposed to take 600 tanks which are at present lying fallow for rearing fish in them. A fish farm in every district is also essential for keeping seed and fish there for supplying to the interested Pisci­ culturists and for conducting experiments for increasing the fish food yield per acre. 8 experimental fish farms will therefore be opened in the districts.

The fishermen at present are not fishing in the tanks which are more than 6 feet deep. They fish only during the summer months when water level goes down but as all the tanks start drying up simultaneously there is necessarily a glut of fish in the market during the summer months forcing down the price of fish. It is, therefore, proposed to establish a Deep Water Fishing Unit with a view to teach the fishermen fishing in deeper waters so that they can fish throughout the year, market them and get a reasonable price for the same.

No industry can be properly organised or planned, unless it is backed by data collected after thorough re­ search and this is all the more true in the case of fisheries where no information regarding the life histroy, feeding and breeding habits of fish and hydro-biological conditions of the water in which the fish live etc., is available. In the marine fisheries, the best seasons for fishing, the place where fish migrate and the maximum size at which the fish can be caught should all be worked out. Likewise in inland fisheries, methods for increasing fish production, reduction of mortality during transport etc. have all to be found out. It is, therefore, proposed to establish 2 research stations one for tackling problems relating to marine fisheries and another for inland fisheries.

Fish is not only a rich source of protein but yields a number of by-products. Better and cheaper methods of manufacture of these by-products have to be worked out and passed on to the fishermen. Sharks are available in large numbers and their liver oil is rich in ‘ Vitamin ‘ A.’ It is, therefore, proposed to open a Technological station with shark liver oil factory attached to it.

One of the bottlenecks in introducing new methods is the ignorance and backwardness of the ftshermen» 80 14 106 schools are therefore proposed to be opened in the fishing villages for the benefit of fishermen’s children where education will be free and slates and books also will be supplied. As a majority of fishing villages are still not connected by roads, it is proposed to lay 10 miles of feeder roads to connect important villages. In order to provide a clean place where fish could be sold under lygienic conditions, 14 markets will be constructed in collaboration with Local Bodies, by grant of subsidies to them.

In Telangana, during the Second Plan Period it is proposed to import fries and fingerlings of quick growing carps and rear them in fish farms and nurseries. As the tackles and crafts available are inadquate to exploit various Sagars and Reservoirs on scientific lines, addi­ tional crafts and tackles will be purchased. One truck also will be purchased for transporting catches from the fish catching centres to the Hyderabad and Secunderabad markets. 60 tanks will be selected in 5 zones and they will be stocked intensely for increasing fish production. In each zone production will be increased through 12 tanks. Separate staff would be appointed for the deve­ lopment of fisheries of Nalgonda, Adilabad, Hyderabad and Khammam districts where at present there is no separate staff and the work is being done by drafting staff from the adjoining districts. The fishermen co-operative societies will be supplied with craft and tackle at subsidized rates so that they may increase their catch. Additional staff will be appointed to strengthen the head office as well as the research section. As a result of increased and intensi­ fied exploitation of the Reservoirs and Sagars in the State, fish production will be increased and if the surplus fish is not preserved properly before marketing they will get spoiled. It is, therefore, proposed to construct a cold storage at Hyderabad. The present Head office Building will also be extended during the Plan Period to provide additional accommodation for the research and administrative staff.

At present, the department is giving training to its personnel at the Central Inland Fisheries Research Station at Calcutta. It is, therefore, proposed to send 10 persons abroad viz. U.S.A., U.K. and Canada for higher training in fisheries. Fish farms are necessary for rearing the young fishes till they attain good §ize§ when they can lo r defend themselves againts large fihses in the reservoirs, and Sagars. At present, there is only one fish farm at Manair in Karimnagar and another at Nizamabad. The one at Koilsagar in Mahboobnagar has been damaged due to breach of main canal. During the Second Plan Period it is proposed to construct one fish farm in each of the districts of Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nizamabad and Karimnagar.

Statement 9 will show the targets proposed for each scheme that will be implemented in Andhra and Telangana regions separately. Statem ent No. 9

FISHERIES.

Targets proposed for the Second Plan,

Sri. T a r g e t p r o p o s e d No. Name of the scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) fs> (4) (5) O GO ANDHRA

1. Intensive Seed[ColIeetion and Distribution • • • • Collection and distribution of No. in lakhs. 350 Fingerlings. 2. Salt Subsidy Scheme (a) Fish Production Tons. 9000 (b) Fish Curing Yards. No. 10

3. Improvement of Indigenous Craft and Tackk • • Distribution of Mechanised No. 45 Boats. 4. Provision of Quick Transport Facilities (a) Vans No. 10 (b) Carrier Boats • * •• No. 2

5. Scheme for the Introudction of new types of (Nylon) Distribution of Nylon nets •• No. 1000 Fishing Nets 6. Head quratesr Staff Scheme Staff Scheme

7. Tank Development Scheme • • Development of Tanks • • No. 600

8. Fisheries extension and Propaganda • • Information Unit • • No. ]

d. Experimental Fish Farms • • Opening of Experimental No. 8 Farms 10. Deep Water Fishing Experiments • • (a) Deep Water Fishing Unit No. 1 (b) Yield of Fish Catches • • Tons. 60

11. Marine Fishery Stations • • Opening of Marine Fishery No. 9 Stations. 12. Scheme for supply of Logs for making Teppas Supply of Logs • • No. 1,000

18. Opening of Fishery Schools • • Opening of Schools • • No. 20

14. Provision of Road Facilities • • Formation of Roads • • Miles. 10

15. Improvement of Fish Markets * • Improvement of Fish Markets • • No. 14

16. Fisheries Technological Stations • • • • (a) Technological Station • • No. 1 and Shark Liver Oil Factory. (b) Production of Liver Oil • • Gallons. 800 (c) Production of fish meal .. Tons 20 17. Fisheries Research • • Research Stations • • No. 2

18. Construction of aquarium in the State • • (a) Aquarium • • • No. 1 (b) Visitors • • No. 2,75,000 Statement No. 9 —(Contd.)

FISHERIES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

S r i. T a r g e t p r o p o se d . No. Name of the scheme. Item. Unit. T a r g e t .

( 1 ) ( 2 ) (3) (4) (5 )

TELANGANA

1 Scheme under G.M.F.

(а) Distribution of Fry Fingerlings and Stocking • • (a) Collection of fingerlings. No. N.A. (б) Supply of Fisheries Requisites • (6) Production of Fish Lakhs of lbs. 33 00 (а) Purchase of Craft and Tackle •• •-No. N.A. (б) Additional Production Lakhs of lbs, 3 of Fish (c) Transportation Facilities for Stocking and Marketing (a) Purchase of Truck .. No. i of Catches. (fe) Additional Production .. Lakhs of lbs. 2.25 (d) Increasing the Fish Production in Selected Tanks (а) No. of Tanks. . No. 60 (б) Additional Production Lakhs of lbs. 3.00 of Fish 2. Fisheries Development Scheme in Nalgonda District do do 17.20

3. Fisheries Development Scheme in do do 17.20

4. Assistance to Co-operatives Distribution of nets, etc. ,. Worth in lakhs of Rs. 1.25 5. Additional Staff for Head Office .. Staff Scheme.

6. Additional Staff for Research Station do

Y. Construction of Cold Storage at Hyderabad .. Cold Storage • • No. 1

8. Construction of Building for Head Office, museum, aqua­ Building Schemes. .. rium and Laboratory.

9. Training of Personnel .. Training of Personnel .. No. 10

10. Dfevelopment of Fisheries in Adilabad District Additional Production Lakhs of lbs. 15.00 of Fish 11. Development of Fisheries in Hyderabad District do do 17.00

12. Construction and Maintenance of Fish Farms Construction of Fish Farms No. 4 112

Ch a p t e r XIV

CO-OPERATION

The Socialist Pattern of Society which is our ultimate goal would imply creation of large numbers of decentra­ lised units, both in agriculture and in industry. The character of economic development in India with its emphasis on social change, therefore, provides a great deal of scope for the organisation of co-operative activity. The building up of co-operative sector as a part of the scheme of planned development is also one of the central aims of National Policy. Appropriate fields for co-opera­ tive action are agricultural credit, marketing and process­ ing, all aspects of production in ru^j-al areas, consumers’ co-operative stores, co-operatives of artisans and labour and construction co-operatives. In these fields, coroperation should increasingly become the principal basis for the organisation of economic activity. The co-operative form of organisation possesses advantages which neither the system of private enterprise nor that of State ownership can match. It is capable of drawing equally upon social as well as individual incentives. But it is difficult for the co-operative form of organisation to succeed as the human factors involved in it are complex thus necessitat­ ing effective measures wherever possible and especially in the fields which are assigned to it in the scheme of National Development.

During the First Plan, in Andhra area, one lakh tons of chemical fertilisers were distributed through the co­ operatives. Medium-sized dairy plants were installed in the municipal towns of Kurnool and Guntur and milk distribution through the co-operatives was stepped up from about 3,000 Madras Measures to 6,000 Madras Mea­ sures per day. To ensure effective supervision over co-operatives, 9 new Deputy Registrar’s Circles were form­ ed and the issue of annual short-term and medium term loans was raised from Rs. 3 crores to about Rs. 6 crores. A Central Co-operative Institute at Tirupati was establi­ shed for imparting training to subordinate Officers and the three training institutes at Tirupati, Anantapur and were upgraded. Over 1,570 candidates in all were trained during the plan period, 113

The formulation of the Second Plan for co-operative development in the State largely follows the recommenda­ tions, of the All-India Rural Credit Survey Committee covering all facets of co-operation viz.,'rural credit, market­ ing, storage, warehousing and processing. An integra­ ted system of rural credit envisaged by the aforesaid committee was based on the following three fundamental features : (i) reorganisation of the primary credit structure into large sized units with large membership and strong share capital and State participation ; (ii) provision of trained personnel to manage the affairs of the societies ; and (m) an effective link-up of credit with marketing activity.

The State Ministers’ Conference held at New Delhi in April, 1955 accepted these recommendations as the future pattern of co-operative development and set the goal that in a period of 15 years, 50%of all business, credit marketing, processing etc., should be handled through co-operatives. This long term objective was kept in view in formulating the schemes for co-operative develop­ ment in the State.

In all, 17 schemes—9 in Andhra and 8 in Telangana— are proposed to be taken up during the Second Plan at an estimated cost of Rs. 214.22 lakhs—Rs. 98.71 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 115.51 for Telangana. Central Assis­ tance to the tune of Rs. 100.18 lakhs is anticipated for the implementation of all the schemes of which Rs. 51.28 lakhs will be by way of grants and Rs. 48.95 lakhs by way of loans. Appendix X II will show the financial break­ ups of the plan provision both in Andhra and Telangana regions.

The plan for the Andhra region envisages the reorgani­ sation and strengthening of co-operative credit structure through formation of 584 large sized societies at the pri­ mary level, in select places and State participation at all levels to the extent of Rs. 175 lakhs in all besides the strengthening and revitalisation of all existing small societies through employment of additional supervisory staff for the Department and for the financing banks. 15 114

The objective is to increase the coverage of villages and of rural families by co-operatives to the extent of 90 per cent and 45 per cent respectively by the end of 1960-61 and to step up progressively the issue of short-term, medi­ um-term and long-term loans for agricultural production and development from about Rs. 8 crores during 1955-56 to about Rs. 20 crores or 20 per cent of the total estima­ ted agricultural credit in the State, during the last year of the plan period. The intention is to reach the target of 50 per cent during the subsequent 10 years.

The plan also includes schemes for the training of the requisite number of subordinate personnel (for employ­ ment in the Department and in Co-operative Institutions) and of the members and office-bearers of co-operative societies in the principles and practice of co-operation, management of institutions, etc. A separate wing in the Department is proposed to be set up for work connected with Research, Survey and Statistics. In pursuance of the recommendations of the All India Rural Credit Survey Conmiittee the constitution of a “ State Co-operative Development Fund” and a “ State Agricultural Credit Relief and Guarantee Fund” is also envisaged under the plan for Co-operative Development.

Thelplan for the Telangana area envisages the for­ mation of 191 large-sized societies with State participa­ tion, paid management and limited liability, organisation of 23 primary land mortgage banks and 50 primary mar­ keting societies, construction of 25 godowns by market­ ing societies and 40 godowns by large-sized societies, pro­ vision of adequate training facilities for the subordinate officers of the department, non-official personnel and members and office-bearers of co-operative societies and stepping up progressively the issue of short, medium and long-term loans for agricultural production.

Statement 10 will show the targets proposed for each scheme included in the Second Plan both for the Telan­ gana and the Andhra regions separately. 115

S t a t e m e n t No. 10 CO-OPERATION Targets Proposed in the Second Plan

T arget P roposed k Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target i

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ANDHRA

1, Pilot Scheme for integrated rural credit (a) Large sized No. 84 Societies. (6) Godowns „ 87 (c) Processiiig „ 4 Plants.

2. Expansion of rural credit Societies (а) Larger sized 500 Societies. (б) Villages to be 86 covered. (c) Rural popu­ 48 lation to be covered. (d) Short-term Rs. in 4,286 loans. lakhs. (e) Medium- 250 term loans.

J. Training of subordinate personnel . (a) Officers to No. 750 be trained. (b) Non-Officials No. 750 to be trained.

4. Long term loans through Land Mort- Long term loans Rs. in 564 gage Banks. lakhs. 5. Education of members and office Candidates to be No. 50,000 bearers of Societies. trained. 6. Research, Survey and Statistics . •• r. State Co-operative Development Fund Fund No; .1

8. Agricultural Credit (Relief and . 1 Guarantee) Fund. 9. Labour Contract and Forest Coupe (a) Labour con­ No. 5 ISocieties. tract Societies. (b) Forest Coupe >> 15 Societies. • 116

S t a t e m e n t N o . 10 {Contd.) CO-OPERATION Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4 ) (5)

TELANGANA

1. Expansion of Rural Credit Societies . . (a) Large sized No. 191 Societies. (6) Short-term Rs. in 687 loans. lakhs.

(c) Medium- 9f IIT term loans.

2. Development of Land Mortgage Bank­ (a) Primary Land No. 28 ing. Mortgage , Banks. (6) Long-term Rs. in 159 loans. lakhs.

8. Development of Co-operative Market- (a) Markjpting No. 50 ing. Societies, (b) Produce Rs. in 612 loans. lakhs. (c) Godowns of No. 25 Marketing Societies. (d) Godowns of No. 40 larger sized Societies. '

4. Training of Subordinate Personnel . (a) Departmen­ No. 263 tal Officers. (b) Non-Officials No. 1,111

6. State Ware-housing Corporation Corporation No. 1

6. Education of members and office Candidates to be No. 16,000 bearers of Co-operative Societies. trained. 7. Co-operative Development Fund

8, Relief and Guarantee Fund 117

C h a p t e r XV

WAREHOUSING AND MARKETING

The Disposal of the agricultural produce after the harvest and the return obtained have a significant effect on production and on* the welfare of the cultivator. While commodities like cotton and groundnut require lar^e storage space which the average cultivator lacks, fruits, vegetables and sugarcane are of a perishable nature. The farmer, has, therefore, to dispose of his surplus immediately. In the absence of storage capacity the large number of small farmers compete with each other and the markets witness conditions of occasional glut and scarcity. A major part of the commercial crops like cotton, jute, sugarcane and oil seeds has to be marketed immediately as the farmers are in need of cash for meeting their dues and other expenses. Sale of agricultural produce involves a number of functions such as assembling, storing, grading standardising, trans­ porting and financing the produce and negotiating sale. Some of these operations may be performed by the farmer, but storage and sale of a commodity and finding finance for purchase call for specialised knowledge and adequate resources which the individual cultivator does not posses. In the past, the progress of marketing societies and pro­ vision of warehousing facilities were slow. Several com­ mittees and commissions including the Royal Com­ mission on Agriculture, the Central Banking Enquiry Committee, the Marketing Sub-Committee, the Agri­ cultural Finance Sub-Committee, the Co-operative Plan­ ning Conmiittee and the Rural Banking Enquiry Com­ mittee have emphasised the need to promote warehousing in the country and have also made various suggestions in this connection. In the absence of warehouse re­ ceipts which could serve as collateral for the promissory notes of the borrowing banks, it has not been possible for the Reserve Bank to extend assistance to the co-operative and scheduled banks under section 17 of the Reserve Bank Act for financing marketing operations. The Reserve Bank, therefore, suggested establishment of licensed warehouses. The All India Rural Credit Survey Committee, therefore, recommended an integrated scheme of rural credit which envisages the parallel development of co-operative marketing, to support the production programme. 118

During the First Plan, in Andhra, State loans and grants to the extent of Rs. 8.84 lakhs were provided to marketing and agricultural credit co-operatives towards the construction of 86 storage godowns costing Rs. 5.25 lakhs in all. <

During the Second Plan Period, 9 schemes in all will be taken up for implementation—4 in Andhra and 5 in Telangana, at a cost of Rs. 203.32 lakhs—Rs. 186.58 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 16.79 lakhs for Telangana. An amount of Rs. 125.72 lakhs is expected to be available from the Centre for implementing the schemes in Andhra, (no Central Assistance being available for Telangana schemes) of which Rs. 110.35 lakhs will be by way of loans and Rs. 15.37 lakhs will be by way of grants. The financial break-up of the plan provision of each scheme will be found in appendix XIII.

The Plan for Andhra, envisages the establishment of a net work of 110 strong broad—based marketing co­ operatives with State partner-ship covering all important mandi centres. It is proposed to provide adequate foiancial assistance to the marketing co-operatives and large sized societies to construct about 212 godowns (61 units of godowns by marketing societies and 151 auxiliary godowns by large sized societies) in all to provide the requisite storage facilities and to instal 55 processing plants such as cotton gins, groundnut decorticators, oil mills, etc. A new pattern of godowns is envisaged under the scheme. A marketing Society, will construct a unit of one main godown at the mandi centre and one or two auxiliary godowns at important collection centres, costing in all Rs. 1.20 lakhs with a storage capacity of 1,200 tons. Large sized societies located in central villages in the area will put up auxiliary godowns, each costing about Rs. 30,000 and having a storage capacity of 300 tons. With these facilities, the activities of credit and marketing societies are expected to be effectively linked up to the advantage of the agriculturists. District Marketing Co-operatives in all districts and an apex marketing society, for inter-district and inter-state trade, export and import business, co-ordination of activities of primaries, etc., are also proposed to be taken up. The object underlying the scheme of providing assistance to the marketing co-operatives towards share capital, construction of godowns, etc., is to give them the required 119 financial strength and provide them with necessary faci­ lities for the purpose of enabling them to undertake real marketing functions for the benefit of agiicultural pro­ ducers. The godowns will provide the storage facility for holding up produce for better market. Short-term marketing finance against produce will be made available to agriculturists to help them hold up produce for better market. It is proposed to step up the provision of short­ term marketing finance from Rs. 130 lakhs per year during 1955-56 to Rs. 400 lakhs per year during the year 1960-61, It is also proposed to establish a State warehousing cor- x>ration with an initial paid-up share capital of Rs. 40 akhs (Rs. 20 lakhs provided under this head in Andhra and Rs. 20 lakhs provided in Telangana under the head co-operation) for providing warehousing facilities to the a^iculturists. The plan also envisages the organisa­ tion of 3 cocoanut marketing societies in East Godavary District and a scheme for the development of tobacco marketing through co-operative organisation. In the Telangana area, during the Second Plan, it is proposed to add 10 more markets to the existing 39 re­ gulated markets. The regulation has been so far opera­ tive to the marketing of Cotton, agricultural produce and livestock. Under the Plan, it is proposed to include fruits and vegetables among the notified commodities and to extend thereby the benefits of regulation to the producers-cum-sellers of the horticultural produce parti­ cularly, in the areas surrounding the metropolitan markets. With a view to standardizing different qualities of agri­ cultural produce according to the All India Grade speci­ fications and providing thereby fair returns it is proposed to introduce grading and marketing schemes in different markets. In consideration of these it is proposed to a.ppoint the requisite number of officers and staff in the marketing department. In order to enable the producers to get higher returns for their produce the Government of India prescribed Grade specifications in respect of numerous commodities under the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marketing) Act 1937. Telangana has large producing Centres for g-hee, edible oils, Castor oils, Rice, Mosambies and Santras in which it has inter-state dealings. It is, therefore proposed to establish grading stations of the above com­ modities at Hyderabad, Warangal, Bhongir, Badepalli, etc. 120

The statistical section of the marketing department is entrusted with the duty of collecting data regarding arrivals, prices, stocks, etc., of the agricultural commod­ ities from the regulated markets and also data regarding acreages, production, village retention, distribution, con­ sumption, movement and exportable surplus of all the agricultural crops from the districts. Except for the tabulation of prices and arrivals of commodities, it has not been possible to compile and consolidate the data in the form of marketing bulletins and to publish the same. The Agricultural Marketing Adviser to the Government of India and the Agricultural Prices Enquiry Committee, appointed by the Government of India emphasised the need for this data to be compiled and published periodi­ cally for the benefit of the public in general and for the promotion of trade in particular. With this object in view, it is proposed to strengthen the statistical organisa­ tion, headed by a Class II Officer. The main sources of income of the regulated markets consist o f : (1) the market fees collected from the seller ; and (2) the license fees collected from the traders. The expenditure on the establishment of the Market staff is met from out of this income and savings, if any, to be utilised for ameliorative works in the respective market yards. Since 40% of the income from each of the regulated markets is credited to the Central Fund and the remaining is spent on the establishment of market committees’ staff, the savings have been negligible parti­ cularly during the first 2 or 3 years when the disinfla­ tionary conditions have affected the prices of agricultural commodities and have thereby caused a corresponding depression in the collection of market fees. Grants-in- aid are therefore proposed to provide such necessary amenities like - Water Works, Staff quarters, levelling the yard, ryots shed and wire fencing around yards, etc. During the Plan Period, it is also proposed to expand the publicity section by the appointment of a Publicity Assistant, an operator-cum-photographer together with the necessary ministerial staff. Statement 11 will furnish the targets proposed for eachjscheme during the Second Plan in Andhra and Telangana regions. S t a t e m e n t N o . 1 1 . WAREHOUSING AND MARKETING Targets proposed for the Second Plan. as

Tabget peoposed ori. Name of the scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ANDHRA

1. Development of Co-operative Marketing .. (a) Issue of short term loans Rs. in lakhs 400 IS9 against produce. per year in 1960-61. (6) No. of godowns by mar­ No. 61 keting societies. (c) No. of godowns under large No. 151 sized societies. {d) No. of processing plants No. 55 to be installed. 2. Tobacco Marketing Tobacco Marketing through co-operative organisation. 8. Co-operative Marketing of cocoanuts (a) Societies to be formed No. {b) godowns to be constructed No. 4. State Warehousing Corporation Corporation No. S ta te m e n t N o. \l.— {Contd.) WAREHOUSING AND MARKETING Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. T a r g e t proposed No. Name of the scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

TELANGANA 1. Expansion of Marketing Department .. {a) Regulated markets No. 10 K) (6) Inclusion of fruits and U) vegetables among the notified commodities, 2. Grading of agricultural products .. Grading stations No. N.A.

3. Statistical organisation .. Staff scheme

4. Expansion of the Publicity Section .. do ..

S. Amelioration works .. (a) Water works (6) Staff quarters 1 (c) Levelling the yards ^ N.A. (d) Ryots sheds (e) Fencing the yards ^ m

C h a p te r XVI

MISCELLANEOUS. Under this head are included schemes relating to co-operative framing, consolidation of holdings and deve­ lopment under ‘ Irrigation Projects. ’ An amount of Rs. 111.29 lakhs has been earmarked for these schemes^— Rs. 92.28 lakhs for Telangana and Rs. 19.01 lakhs for Andhra. Central assistance to the extent of Rs. 6.81 lakhs— Rs. 3.90 lakhs by way of loans and Rs. 2.91 lakhs by way of grants will be available for these schemes.

Co-operative Farming:

In most parts of the country, for ensuring economic cultivation an increase in the unit of cultivation is neces­ sary. Small and uneconomic holdings are at the root of many of the difficulties in the way of agricultural deve­ lopment. With the growing pressure on land, their number is increasing. Where agriculture does not require much investment, natural conditions are favourable and the cultivators are skillful and industrious, it is possible that the average yield on small farms may be higher than the average for many of the larger farms. The problem in India is to secure a large increase in production over the entire area now under cultivation. This calls for the application, on a wide scale, of scientific knowledge and increased capital investment in various forms. These conditions are easier to secure where land is worked and managed in fairly large units than in the form of petty and fragmented holdings. In a farm of substantial size it is possible to eliminate several wasteful operations and to ensure better planning of the use of land, including selection of crop rotation, soil conservation, development of irrigation and introduction of improved techniques. Economies which cannot be availed of by small farms are available to large ones. By its very nature a larger unit of operation and management can secure more credit and finance and can apply these to greater advantage, can diversify its economy and can make a relatively greater contribution to the solution of the country’s food prob­ lem. For these reasons, it is important that small and middle farmers, in particular, should be encouraged and assisted to group themselves voluntarily into co-operative farming societies. But farming through a co-operative 1^4 calls for a number of individual and corporate virtues on the part of members and it will therefore be some time before co-operative farms reach a developed stage. The Planning Commission, therefore, recommended during the First Plan that the State on its part should do everything in its power to encourage the establishment of such farms and to promote their satisfactory working afterwards. Though there is general agreement that co-operative farming should be developed as rapidly as possible the practical achievements in this field are, however, meagre. During the First Plan 10 co-operative farming (land colonisation) societies were formed in Andhra. By the end of the First Plan there were 30 co-operative farming societies in Telangana and 26 in Andhra. During the Second Plan 15 co-operative faTming societies in Andhra and 38 societies in Telangana are proposed to be started.

Consolidation of Holdings :

One of the four main aspects of agrarian reorganisa­ tion is consolidation of holdings. In the First Five-Year Plan, it was urged that in all States, programmes for con­ solidation of holdings should be expanded and pursued with vigour. The advantages of consolidation of holdings are well known. Consolidation saves time and labour, facilitates improvement of land through irrigation as well as dry farming practices, provides an opportunity for replanning individual holdings and providing roads and other amenities. A survey of the extent of frag­ mentation of agricultural holdings, and the need for con­ solidation of holdings in the former Hyderabad State was undertaken by the Hyderabad Land Commission. The Commission was of the view that while the extent of fragmentation in the composite State of Hyderabad was not as alarming as it was in some other States, yet the evil did exist and its effects were of considerable significance to the agricultural ecomomy of the State. The Com­ mission therefore recommended that a beginning should be made in the consolidation of holdings in certain selec­ ted areas in the State. The former Government of Hyd­ erabad accordingly sanctioned a scheme for the consolida­ tion of holdings in 100 villages in the State. Consequent on the trifurcation of the Hyderabad State, the scheme has been suitably apportioned among the several regions and the work target in Telangana area during the Second 125

Plan period is fixed at 5 lakh acres. Out of the 100 villages in which the scheme was sanctioned for imple­ mentation by the former Hyderabad Government, 5o villages lie in the Telangana region— 25 in Nizamabad and 25 in Medak districts. In Andhra area also, the scheme is included in the Plan and provision made but no specific schemes have yet been drawn up.

Development under ‘ Irrigation Projects ’ :

In the Telangana Plan, a provision of Rs. 81.10 lakhs has been shown for the development of area under ‘ Irri­ gation ’ projects. But no specific schemes have yet been drawn up.

The details of provision made for each scheme under ‘ Miscellaneous’ and the targets proposed can be seen from Appendix X IV and Statement 12 respectively. S t a t e m e n t No. 12. MISCELLANEOUS Targets proposed for the Second Plan

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4 ) (5)

ANDHRA to a> 1. Resettlement of landless agricultural labour co-operative farming schemes ...... Societies to be formed No. 15

2. Consolidation of holdings No schemes have yet been TELANGANA formulated.

1. Co-operative Farming .. .. Societies to be forncied No. 38

2. Consolidation of holdings .. (a) Villages to be covered No. 5 0 (b) Consolidation Acres in lakhs 5 8. Development under irrigation projects . No schemes have been formulated. 127

C h a p t e r XVII

NATIONAL EXTENSION SERVICE AND COMMUNITY PROJECTS

The Community Development Programme first initi­ ated through the Community Projects inaugurated all over the country in 1952 has come to stay as a most effective way of tackling the hydra-headed problem of rur al development. The success of the movement during the First Plan has helped to look upon it as a permanent administrative pattern to continue and carry forward the development process that was initiated through these blocks.

By the close of the First Plan, in Andhra area, there were 2 Community Projects, 13 Community Development Blocks and 22 National Extension Service Blocks covering an area of 11,281 sq. miles and a populaton of over 41 lakhs spread over 2,828 villages. In the Telangana area, there were 10 National Extension Service Blocks, 7 Co*mmunity Development Blocks and one Community Project covering between themselves an area of 6,352 sq. miles and 1,881 villages with a population of over 16 lakhs.

It was agreed by the National Development Council in September, 1955 that during the Second Five-Year Plan, the entire country should be served by National Exten­ sion Service and that not less than 40 per cent of the National Extension Service Blocks should be converted into Community Development Blocks. The question of converting a higher proportion, up to 50 per cent, of National Extension Blocks into Community Development Blocks would depend upon sufficient resources becoming available for this purpose. According to this programme, by the end of Second Plan, Andhra area of the State will hjave a total number of 303 blocks whereas Telangana will have 144 blocks. The number of National Extension Service Blocks that are proposed to be started and the number of National Extension Service Blocks that are programmed to be converted into Community Develop­ ment Blocks can be seen from the following table. 128

T a b l e 2 4

N. E. S. and C. D. Blocks proposed to he started during the Second Plan.

A n d h r a T e l a n g a n a Y e a r ------N.E.S. C.D. N.E.S. C.D. Blocks Blocks Blocks Blocks

(1) (2) (3) ' (4) (5)

1956-57 53 11 14 8

1957-58 43 13 18 5

1958-59 49 17 24 10

1959-60 59 20 30 12

1960-61 64 23 36 14

Total.. 268* 84 122t 49

The National Extension Service Blocks that are pro­ posed to be started during the Second Plan include the multi-purpose projects.

In the implementation of this gigantic programme a major task is to provide adequate trained personnel to man the various jobs. The organisation of training facilities on the scale required for the National Extension and Community Development Programme is indeed a task of considerable magnitude. During first plan 3 extension training centres were started at Rajendranagar, Samalkot and Gopannapalem, the first 2 of them being double shift Training Centres and the last one a single shift centre. In these institutions could be trained 200 V.L.Ws. every six months. The V.L.Ws. before they could be put at these Extension Training Centres had to be trained in Basic Agriculture for a period of one year.

♦Includes 12 P.I. Blocks into which the 2 former Community Projects were normalised. tExcludes the 4 additional P.I. Blocks into which the former Nizam- sagar project was normalised. 129

A Basic Agricultural School at Rajendranagar and a Basic Agricultural Wing at Samalkot were therefore attached to the respective Extension Training Centres. In addition to this, 2 Basic Agricultural Schools one at Nandyal and another at Bapatla were also started to meet the actual requirements of the 3 Extension Training Centres. To train Grama Sevikas for appointment in the blocks, two Home Science Wings in the Extension Training Centres at Rajendranagar and Samalkot were opened. With a view to give orientation training for 2 months at a time, to the Extension Officers viz. E.Os. (Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Co-operation) two Group Level Workers’ training wings with a capacity of 20 and 15 respectively were started and one each was attached to the Extension Training Centres at Rajendra­ nagar and Samalkot. Two Workshops at Rajendra­ nagar and Samalkot Centres were also attached for train­ ing village artisans in Carpentry and Blacksmithy for a period of one year. Thus in these institutions, during the First Plan Period, 1,166 V.L.Ws. and 34 Extension Officers were trained. In the Home Science Wings and 'Work Shops the first course was in progress. 20 trainees were undergoing training in each of the Home Science Wing'S and 18 and 20 candidates were under training in the Work Shops at Rajendranagar and Samalkot respec­ tively.

In order to meet the requirements of trained per­ sonnel during the Second Plan Period, in addition to the fis tin g institutions the following institutions were also ipened.

(1) A Double Shift Extension Training Centre at Kalahasti to train 110 V.L.W s. every 6 months. (2) 2 Basic Agricultural Wings attached to Exten­ sion Training Centres Kalahasti and Gopannapalem. [The Basic Agricultural Wing Kalahasti will train 50 candidates every year whereas 70 candidates will be trained in the wing at Gopannapalem. (3) One Basic Agricultural School at Anakapalli to train 110 candidates every year. (4) One Basic Agricultural School at Rudrur (now located at Rajendranagar) for training 120 Cf^ndidateg every year. IT 180

(5) One Group Level Workers Training Centre ‘ A ’ type (to be started shortly).

It is also proposed to start the following centres during the 2fid plan period: (1) 4 Centres for training V.L.Ws. in Village Youth Activity. (2) 3 Centres for conducting refresher course for V.L.W s.

In all these institutions, it is proposed to train 4,200 V.L.W s. 260 Grama Sevikas 1,825 Group Level Workers and 200_Artisans.

An amount of Rs. 1,589.786 lakhs— R s.l, 044.996 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 494.740 lakhs for Telangana— has been provided for implementing the Community Development Programme in the State. Of this amount, Rs. 489.842 lakhs will be available as loans from the Centre, besides grants to the extent of Rs. 655.809 lakhs. The provision made for Andhra and Telangana can be seen from Appendix X V . 131

C h a p t e r XVIII MULTI-PURPOSE PRO JECT— NAGAR J UNAS AGAR PROJECT After examining the existing utilisation of waters of the in the various States, the Planning Commission award allotted 470 T.M. Cft. of water for use in the former Andhra State excluding the existing utilisation. To fully utilise this quantity of water an integrated scheme for Krishna and Pennar Valley was drawn up. The integrated scheme envisages construction of 3 dams, viz,f Nandikonda, Siddesv-w’^m and Pulichintala. Investigations for the construction of suitable reser­ voirs on the Krishna were made by the composite Madras* and Hyderabad States since the days of Sir Arthur Cotton. The report was prepared as early as 1901 by Mr. Reid and a dam was proposed across the Krishna near Daida (42 miles above the present Pulichintala Dam Site ). Owing to the very difficult terrain in the first 40 miles, the scheme was abandoned and a search for new sites was made. Investigation for a Joint scheme on the Krishna was started by former Hyderabad State in 1930. Several sites like Elieswaram, Kamaladinne and Nandi­ konda were investigated and the site at Nandikonda was finally selected. The investigation^of the dam site at Nandikonda and the left bank canal was carried out by the former Hyderabad State while the investigation on the right bank canal alone was done by the former Andhra State. The Khosla Committee, appointed by the Planning Commission to examine these schemes drew up an integra­ ted programme and devised three stages for the proposals. The first stage consists of a dam at Nandikonda with right side canal to irrigate lands in Guntur and Nellore and left side canal to irrigate Telangana area and some taluks of Krisihna District in Andhra area. The second and third stages envisaged the construction of a dam at Siddeswaram and Pulichintala respectively with consequential canals. The dam is being constructed across the Krishna River I j nniles down-stream at Nandikonda village, taluk in Nalgonda District. The first phase is limited to the construction of the dam with crest at 520.00 and F.R..L. at plus 525.00 . The construction of the Nagar- junaisagarDam is a unique one in that it involves an amount of materials to be put in the dam much larger than in any other dam built so far-in India. This project is one of the Major River Valley Projects of India and is estimated 182 to cost Us. 122 crores. The first phase of the Project envisages an expenditure of Rs. 88.18 crores to irrigate 23.6 lakhs acres in both Andhra and Telangana areas through two canals one on each side of the dam called the right bank and the left bank canals. The full scheme will bring under irrigation on the right side 14. 71 lakh acres of Nandikonda Canal Ayacut (J wet and f dry) and temporarily benefit 2 lakh acres of Pulichintala Ayacut on the right side. On the left side 6.75 lakh acres will be brought under first crop and 1.20 lakh acres will be brought under second crop in Telangana Area. In addition, water will be supplied to 4.24 lakh acres (J wet and f dry) in the Nandigama, Tiruvur Nuzvid and Gannavaram taluks of Krishna district \ipto Border. It was originally intended to irrigate 1.1 lakh acres and 0.78 lakh acres under Kavali and Kanu- pur canals respectively, but now this ayacut is excluded from Nagarjunasagar Project Scheme. Further this pro­ ject will bring under Irrigation additional 1.5 lakh acres under first crop irrigation in Krishna Delta besides 1.5 lakh acres of Second crop and 0.25 lakh acres of peren­ nial irrigation. Thus the total extent benefited will be 32.15 lakh acres. This is about double the ayacut at present irrigated from Krishna and Godavari together which is indeed stupendous. Besides these benefits on account of irrigation, it is proposed to develop 75,000 K.W. of firm power at 60 per cent load factor at the dam site. There are further power potentialities still to develop. In the Second Plan of Andhra Pradesh, a sum of Rs. 3,230 lakhs has been provided, of which Rs. 1,995 lakhs are from Andhra Plan and Rs. 1,235 lakhs are from Telan­ gana Plan. The entire amount will be made available by the Centre as loan {vide Appendix XVI). By the end of the Second Plan Period, it is proposed to construct the non-overflow of the dam up to plus 415.00 and the spilway up to plus 375.00. The right bank canal which is 140 miles long will be excavated and the tunnels and the earth-work* will be completed up to the 60th mile while the masonry work will be completed up to the 50th mile. The execution of this multi-purpose Project is entrusted to a Control Board Composed of representatives of the State and Centre. The control Board is directly incharge of the construction of the dam and common works whereas the Public Works Department of the State is inch­ arge of the construction of the Right and Left Bank Canals m

C h a p te r XIX IRRIGATION Major and Medium Projects. The large land resources in the State cannot be put to productive use without a simultaneous development and use of the water resources. The State is rich in water resources but is at present utilising only a part of its resou­ rces. An integrated development of the land and water resources was therefore of fundamental importance to the State’s economy. Further, the difficult food situation in the country has accentuated the need for irrigated area for the cultivation of food crops. Increase in agricul­ tural production and food production has been given the dominant emphasis during the First Plan and a number of major and medium irrigation projects was therefore laun­ ched during the First Plan. Both Major and Medium Irrigation works had the advantages of utilising surplus waters^which^would otherwise run to waste, benefiting large areas, giving surer protection in years of scarcity and can often be designed for multiple use. 6 Major Projects and 17 Medium Projects in Andhra and 2 Major and 11 Medium Projects in Telangana were taken up dur­ ing the First Plan. By the end of the First Plan, in Andhra, only£^5 Medium Projects could be completed bringing under Irrigation 9,190 acres. The Tungabhadra Project was almost nearing completion and water from the reservoir was availed of to irrigate nearly 25,000 acres. In Telangana area, 2 Medium Projects viz,, Koilsagar Project and Bheemanpalli Project have almost been com­ pleted and about 8,000 acres have already been developed. During the Second Plan all the incomplete works in Tel­ angana and Andhra will be continued besides taking up some new projects. Thus, in Andhra 2 new Major Projects and 13 new Medium Projects and in Telangana 11 new Medium Pro­ jects will be taken up. Provision has also been made for the in- vestigationof projects in both Andhra and Telangana regions. Appendix XVII will furnish particulars of provision made for each scheme proposed for implementation during the Second Plan. The area proposed to be brought under irrigation by the end of the Second Plan under each scheme will be found in Statement 13. It will be seen that by the end of Second Plan, an additional area of 4.04 lakh acres in Andhra and .2 akh acres in Telangana will be brought under Irrigation, St a t e m e n t N o . 18

IRRIGATION

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

T a r g e t p r o p o s e d S.No. Name of the scheme Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4 ) (5)

ANDHRA M a j o r I r r i g a t i o n ;—

1. Krishna Regulator-cum Road Bridge Area to be Irrigated Acres .. 92,000 Wet

2. Romperu Drainage Project do 4,000 Wet

3. Bhairavavanithippa Project do 8,000 Wet

4. Upper Pennar Project do 6,000 Wet

5. Rallapad Project do • • 9> 8,175 Wet

6. T.B.P. Low Level Canal do 99 50,000 Wet & dry. 7. T.B.P. High Level Canal Scheme Area to be Irrigated Acres 24,000 Wet

S. Vamsadhara Project 2,2 i,000 I crop, 36,000 Jute 50,000 II crop Medium Irrigation:—

1. Construction of anicut across Nagavalli at Narayanapuram do 7,500

2. Nagavalli Right Side Channel do 2,640

S. Vegavathi Anicut Scheme do 1,500.

4. Seethanagaram Anicut Scheme do 2,320 09 5, Lower Sagileru Project do 1,100 (new) 1,900 Existing Gambhiramgedda Reservoir do 1,116

7. Nakkalagandi Reservoir do 700

S, Bandakattu channel remodelling do 189

9. Remodelling and improvements to K.C. canal do 1,20,000

10. Chennarayane swamy gudi Reservoir Scheme do 709 (new) 416 (exis­ ting). S t a t e m e n t N o . 13. (Contd.)

IRRIGATION

Targets proposed for the Second Plan,

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3 ) (4) (5 )

CO 11. i no a eservo r Scheme • • • • Area Acres 2,780 1st crop O to be irrigated 900 Ilnd „

12. Restoration of Siddalagandi Scheme • « do 850*

18. Establishment of T.P. suspense, etc., on the above medium Irrigation Schemes (provided separately in the Budget)

14. Torrigedda Pumping Scheme do 15,400

15. Bahuda Reservoir near Nimmanapalli Village do 3,000

16. Varadarajaswamy Project do 3,108 (new) 1,500 (existing) 17. Excavating a Supply Channel from palem to Bittragunta Area to be Acres 1,500 tank group. Irrigated 18. Vottigedda Project .. 9» • •

Varahaol Reservoir . 19. . 99 • •

20. Paidegaam Project .. do 99 200

21. Kalyani Reservoir Project .. •• 99 ♦ 800 I crop * 200 II crop 22. Gadigummi Reservoir Project .. 99 • •

28. Zurreru Reservoir Project .. • • 99 1,800 H* 00 24. Dorigalli Project 99 1,000 ■<1

25. Sagileru Anicut .. .. 99 209

26. Kalangi Reservoir .. 99 99 1,921 new 1,071 Existing.

Swarnamukhi left bank Canal Scheme .. 27. 99 ..

28. Investigation of Projects • • .. .. 99

*Note :~These are the targets that will be achieved ultimately after the completion of the projects which will spill over to 3rd Plan. There are no benefits during the 2nd Plan period as the schemes will be incomplete. SsTATEMENT No. 1 3 .—{Ccmtd.)

IRRIGATION

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

T arget P roposed Sri. Name of the Scheme t No. Item Unit Target

TELANGANA

M ajor Irrigation :—

1. Rajolibunda Diversion Scheme Area to be Irrigated Acres 99,000

2. Kadam Project • • >> 67,000 3. Investigation of Projects

Medium Irrigation:—

1, i£oils»gar Pr»je9 5,290

2. Bheemanapalli - • ft 865 3. Sarlasagar Project Area to be Acres 4,80(P Irrigated 4. Mtisi Project 99 4,200

5. Sirala Project 9-9 2,721

6. Jutpalli Project 9'9 2,550

7. Dorepallivagu Project r9 3,000

8. Lacknapur Project 99 2,050

9. Laksbmisagar Project y9 500

10. China Musi Project 500 ca iCSr 11. Nakkavagu Project 99 3,000

12. Ramadugu Proj ect 8,400

13. Salivegu Project 99 4,020

14. Jowlivagu Project 99 6,000

15. Nallavagu Project 99 3,000

16. Suddavagu Project 99 500 liO

C h a p te r X X POWER Cheap electric power is essential for the economic development of any country. In fact, modern hfe depends so largely on the use of electricity that the quantity of electricity used per capita in a country is an index of its material development and of the standard of living attained in it. Apart from its use in industrial under­ takings, electricity has a remarkable diversity of applica­ tion. It can provide cheap power for pumping water for irrigation and for numerous operations in agriculture and in the home. The supply of cheap electric power is also essential for thfe large ^cale development of tube wells or lift irrigation from rivers. There are also other agricultural operations for which electricity will be in demand as people are trained in its use viz.^ processing of agricultural produce, cold storage, preservation and canning of fruit and farm produce, dairy farming, poultry breeding. Extensive use of electricity can bring about the much needed change in rural life in India. Cottage Industries can be developed on an economic basis with the provision of electricity to rural areas and by the use of elec­ trically worked appliances or small units of machi­ nery. It cannot only improve methods of production in agriculture and cottage industries but can also make life in rural areas much more attractive and thus help in arresting the influx of rural population into cities. Though the potential for power development in Andhra is vast, the per capita consumption of electricity which is universally regarded as an index of prosperity was only 2.5 units at the beginning of the First Plan. The same is the case even in the Telangana region. This figure is low even when compared with the poor national average of 14 and 16 and 44 of the more advanced States like Madras and Mysore, respectively. The per capita consumption of some of the foreign countries like U. K., Sweeden and U. S. A., is very high and ranges from 1000 to 4000 units. The power development of the State was therefore given top priority in the former Andhra State and the outlay on ‘Power’ amounted to as much as 39.87% of the total outlay on the First Plan. By the end of the First Plan, almost the entire provision Was utilised in the Andhra area. The high-light during 141 the First Plan period was the commissioning df the first generating set of 17,000 K. W., at Machkund on 19th August, 1955 by the President, Dr. Rajendra Prasad. Hydro-generation was thus commenced in the State and a new era was ushered in the development of electricity in the State. The Tungabhadra Hydro-electric project was also in an advanced stage of execution. Towards the close of the First Plan the installed generating capacity was increased from 21,400 K. W., to 62,200 K. W., the aggregate load demand from 12,600 K. W., to 38,000 K. W., and the mileage of H. T. and L. T. lines from 1,250 to 5,300. Special efforts were made in the matter of rural electrification and the number of towns and villages electrified rose from 205 to 681. The annual gross revenue grew from Us. 40 lakhs at the beginning of the Plan to Rs. 168 lakhs at the end of the Plan and the per capita consumption increased to 8 units from 2.5 units. In the Telangana area, the Ramagundem Thermal Project and the Nizamsagar Hydro-electric schemes were undertaken. By the end of the First Plan the power house building and the colony at Ramagundem were completed and the boiler plant consisting of 6 boilers and turbo alternater plant consisting of 3 sets have been erected. The cooling tower was nearing completion. Nursery power stations with diesel sets have been established at Ramagundem, Peddapalli, Karimnagar, Mancherial and Mulug and the towns were supplied with electricity. The power station at Nizamsagar has been completed in all respects and the three generating sets of 5,000 K. W., each have been commissioned. The 66 K. V. double circuit transmission line from Nizamsagar to Hyderabad has been completed and charged. The receiv­ ing station at Erragudda has been established and 33 K. V., double circuit transmission line from Erragudda to Hussainsagar sub-station has almost been completed. As a temporary measure the supply at 6.6 K. V., has been connected to the Hussainsagar Power Station through one of the existing feeders and at the end of the Plan period a block load of 2,000 K. W., was being supplied by the Nizamsagar Power Station to the Hyderabad City. The rural electrification scheme was just started at the end of the Plan. Planning for power projects is a continuous process and has to be based on long-term objectives. The Plan­ ning Commission has set out the following three aims U i for the power development programme under the Second Plan: (1) to meet the normal load growth in the exist­ ing power systems. (2) to provide the requisite capacity for reasonable expansion of the areas of supply. (3) to meet the needs of industries which are to be established under the Second Five-Year Plan.

In accordance with these, 17 schemes are proposed for implementation—7 in Andhra and 10 in Telangana at a total cost of Rs. 2,781.82 lakhs—Rs. 615.55 lakhs for Telangana and Rs. 2,166.27 lakhs for Andhra. Central assistance to the tune of Rs. 286.17 lakhs, by way of loan, will be available from the Government of India. The rest of the schemes, other than the scheme for Engineering Research in the Telangana Plan will be financed from the Miscellaneous Development Fund from the Centre. Ap­ pendix XVIII will give the Plan Provision for each scheme proposed to be taken up during the Second Plan. During the Second Plan, in Andhra, the and other balance civil works will be completed. The third generating unit of 17,000 K. W., and the 4th and 5th units of 21,250 K. W. will be commissioned and the balance works on transmission lines and sub-stations will be completed. Under the Tungabhadra Hydro-elec­ tric Scheme, the Civil Works associated with the installation of 5 generating units of 9,000 K. W., each (3 at Hampi Power House and 2 at Dam Power House) and the com­ missioning of the five generating centres will be completed besides the completion of balance works on the transmis­ sion lines and sub-stations in the Tungabhadra-Chittoor area. It is also poposed to install the 6th generating unit of 21,250 K. W., at Machkund and thereby complete the full development of Machkund Power. Extension of supply to bulk loads like Ferro-Manganese factory at Garividi, Caltex Oil Refineries at Visakhapatnam, Macherla Cement Factory, etc., will also be undertaken. Under the Tungabhadra Hydro-Thermal project 3 generating units (2 at Dam Power House and 1 at Hampi Power House) will be installed to complete its full development. A 30,000 K. W., thermal station, at Nellore, will also be established to firm up Tungabhadra seasonal power for about 6 months in the year with an inter-connecting 132 143

K. V., transmission line between Hampi and Nellore. To meet the load requirements of Machkund-Nellore Zone beyond the capacity of Machkund power station preliminary works will be executed for the installation of 2 generating sets of 37,500 K. W., towards the develop­ ment of Upper Sileru. Under the rural electrification scheme, 340 additional villages will be electrified during the Second Plan Period. In addition to these, investigations on the following power projects will be undertaken ; (1) Nagarjunasagar Hydro-Electric Scheme. (2) Lower Sileru Hydro-Electric Scheme. (8) Nagarjunasagar Canal Power House. (4) Srisailam Hydro-Electric Scheme. (5) Sangareddy Hydro-Electric Scheme. (5) Lakxmipuram Hydro-Electric Scheme. (7) Pulichintala Hydro-Electric Scheme. (8) Siddeswaram Hydro-Electric Scheme.

In the Telangana area, the Ramagundem thermal power station and the Nizamsagar Hydro-Electric Scheme will be completed. Under the Devanoor Hydro-Electric Project, a dam will be constructed across the river Manjira at Devanoor which will provide a continuous discharge of 12,000 cusecs into and thereby raise the firm capacity of the Nizamsagar Station from 2000-3000 K. W., to 8000-10,000 K. W., and increase the power gener­ ated per year by about 40 million units. With the proposed inter-connection of Ramagundem Thermal Station and the Nizamsagar Hydro-Station with Hyderabad it is essential to reorganise the city distribution system. Pro­ vision has, therefore, been made for the establishment of key sub-stationS; 33 K. V. ring mains, remodelling of city distribution system to 6.6 K. V., and an additional boiler and switchgear at Hussainsagar Power Station. The steam generating capacity of the Ramagundem Thermal Station will also be increased by the addition of one boiler and a cooling tower. In order to cater to the needs of the large industrial concerns coming up in the Mancherial- Bellampalli regions, a 66 K. V., double circuit transmis­ sion line will be erected from Ramagundem. Under the Rural electrification scheme, small and medium diesel power stations will be installed and along with extension 144 from the existing power stations 37 towns and villages wilJ be electrified by the end of the Second Plan. Investigation and load survey for the establishment of Hydro-electric Stations at the following stations in the Godavari Basin is also proposed to be taken up. (1) Kavalguda (2) Kistapuram. (3) Inchampalli. (4) Penganga and 3 other stations in Godavari North canal. The targets proposed to be achieved during the Second Plan period in the Andhra and Telangana regions can be seen from statement 14.

Engineering Research

In the Telangana Plan for power development a sum of Rs. 23.80 lakhs has been provided for the expansion and development of Engineering Research. The primary functions of the Engineering Research laboratories are :—- (1) To test the behaviour, accuracy and soundness of the several designs of engineering structures worked out in the P.W.D., and other Engineering departments of the State through model studies and experimental analysis and to recommend modifications of these designs as a result of these tests. (2) To determine by investigations on scale models and scientific testing of the materials, the causes that have led to the failure of structures like causeways, bridges and buildings, and to enable them to be recons­ tructed without risk of future failures. As a result of these tests correct designs of such structures to safeguard against similar failures in future could be worked out. (3) Scientific testing of engineering materials in order to enable them to be used to their best advantage on the various projects and works. (4) Hydrological studies of the basins of the various projects to determine yields and flood discharges for the proper design of the projects and recommending cropping schemes under them. ' 145

In addition to the above, the laboratories also take up several ^ basic engineering problems which include problems of rural sanitation, domestic hygiene, etc. Consequent upon the large number of schemes for ir­ rigation, power development, roads and buildings that are being taken up during the Second Plan, the scope and functions of the Research Laboratories are vastly increased. It is, therefore, proposed to purchase ad­ ditional equipment for the laboratories and provide laboratory buildings, staff quarters and buildings for administrative offices at the permanent location of the laboratories, below the Himayatsagar Lake.

S ta te m e n t N o. 14 POWER Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

S. Ko. Particulars Unit Targets

ANDHRA AREA. 1. Installed generating capacity .. .. K.W. 1,44,100

2. Transmission lines to be constructed H.T. • andL.T. .. n . . ..M iles. 2,330 3. Total load to be connected .. .. K.W. 3,77,100

4. Aggregate Peak demand .. .. K.W. 1,27,000

5. Consumers that will be served .. No. • 30,000

6. Agricultural Services .. .. No. 5,400

7. Agricultural Services connected load .. K.W, 19,000

8. Tillages and towns that will be electrified .. No. 340

9. Per capita consumption .. ., Units. 20

t e l a n g a n a a r e a 1, Installed generating capacity - .. K.W. 78,775

2. Transmission lines to be constructed .. Miles 894

8. ^ub-stations to be installed .. .. No. 272

4. Villages and towns to be electrified .. No. 77

19 146

C h a p te r XXI

MAJOR AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES Andhra is an industrially backward area and so deve­ lopment of agriculture has been accorded top priority during the First Plan. But improvement in Agriculture eaimot proceed beyond a point unless the surplus working forces on land are progressively diverted to industries and services. The fact that the productivity of labour in industry is much higher than in agriculture also points to the need for rapid industrial development. A modest beginning was therefore made during the First Plan Period which of course did not envisage any major industries in the Public Sector.

In Andhra area, during the First Plan Period, 2 Poly­ technics which have been functioning from the begin­ ning of Plan Period were imparting industrial education. An oil technological institute was also established with the sole object of carrying out research in oil technology. Research in such subjects as improvement of oil milling processess and oil refining processess and utilisation of cotton seed oil etc., have been undertaken in this Institute. A permanent building, on the lines of the most modern technological laboratories of the Department of Agricul­ ture in the United States, was constructed and is well equipped for conduct of advanced applied and theoretical research in oil technology. With a view to develop glass industries a block glass factory was established at Gudur. Three training centres were also started at Simhachalam, Renigunta and Guttur for giving training in the manufacture of glass bangles and beads. To meet the demand for trained supervisory personnel, a full fledged ceramic institute was started at Gudur to give instructions up to diploma standard in Ceramics and Refractories and Glass and Enamel. The Andhra Paper Mills at Rajahmundry which was not functioning satisfactorily under private management and which had gone into liquidation was taken over by the State. Apart from these, training was imparted to a number of drillers and Assistant Drillers. In the private sector, a licence has been granted to Messrs. Caltex Oil Refinery (India) Ltd., for the estab­ lishment of a new Oil Refinery at Visakhapatnam. Licen­ ces have also been granted to Sri Seth Srira^m Durga U 7

Prasad for the setting up of a ferro-manganese factory at Garividi in Srikakulam district and to fessrs. Parry and Company for the establishment of a Chemicals and Fertiliser Factory in Guntur district. In addition, licen­ ces have also been granted for the establishment of a solvent extraction plant at Vuyyur and 3 new cement factories at Panyam, Yerraguntla and Macherla and the expansion of the existing cement factories at Mangalagiri and Vijayawada. The establishment of 6 textile spin­ ning mills at Guntakal, Tanuku, Adoni, Kakinada, Tadpatri and Tirupati and 4 new Sugar factories and the expansion of 6 existing sugar factories in addition to the establishment of a distillery at Bobbili have also been permitted.

In Telangana area during the First Plan, financial aid was provided to the Sirpur Paper Mills Limited, Sir Silk Limited and the Singareni Collieries Company Limited. Towards the building programme of the Central Laboratories for scientific and Industrial Research an amount of about Rs. 17 lakhs was spent.

The Second Five-Year Plan accords high priority to industrialisation and especially to the development of basic and heavy industries. A large expansion of public enterprise in the sphere of industrial and mineral development is also envisaged. While the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 determined India’s Industrial Policy during the First Plan, it has been reviewed and the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 shaped the new Industrial Policy of the country. As the resolution puts it “ the adoption of the Socialistic Pattern of Society as the national objective, as well as the need for planned and rapid development, required that all industrialisation of basic and strategic importance or in the nature of public utility services, should be in the public sector. Other industries which are essential and require invest- sment on a scale which only the State, in present circum­ stances, could provide, have also to be in the public sector. The State has, therefore, to assume direct res­ ponsibility for the future development of industries over a wider area

The prime consideration determining the State Policy over the whole industrial field is promotion of rapid development in keeping with the overall objectives defined. 14^

Th« Public Sector has to grow rapidly and the private sector has to conform to the requirements of the plan. There has, necessarily to be a great deal of dovetailing between the two sectors and it is recognised that the private sector has to be given the opportunity and faci- ities to function effectively within the field allotted to it. It is within the frame-work of this new Industrial Policy Resolution that rapid industrialisation has to be carried through in the coming years.

Though the original Second Plan for the Industrial development does not include any scheme for Telangana area, it is now proposed to start a Co-operative Sugar Factory in Nizamabad at a cost of Rs. 19.6 lakhs which is the unallotted amount in the composite Hyderabad plan and which provision has been recently allotted by the Planning Commission to the Telangana region. In the Andhra area the 2 Government Industrial Concerns viz., the Andhra Paper Mills, Rajahmundry and the Government Ceramic Factory, Gudur will be expanded with a view to increase their existing production capacity. The production capacity of the Andhra Paper Mills will be increased from 2,000,tons to 8,000 tons per annum. The Government Ceramic Factory which is now manufac­ turing sanitary wares and crockery will be expanded to take up manufacture of high tension and low tension electrical insulators as additional lines of production. A Paper Straw Board Mill will be established at Tirupati with a production capacity of 10 tons of straw board per day besides the establishment of 5 Co-operative Sugar Factories. Provision has also been made for the State Finance Corporation.

On the Whole, there are 5 schemes towards the development of Major and Medium Industries at a cost of Rs. 278.72 lakhs of which Rs. 247.95 lakhs will be available from the Centre by way of loan. The provision made for each scheme together with its break-up will be found in the Appendix X IX .

Statement 15 will furnish the targets proposed to be reached under each scheme during the Second Plan Period. S ta te m e n t No. 15 MAJOR AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES. Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Ta r g e t pr o po sed . Sri. No. Name of the Scheme. Item. Unit. Target.

1 2 3 4 6

ANDHRA 1.^ 1. Expansion of Andhra Paper Mills, Rajahmundry .. Production of paper. Tons, per year 8000

2. Expannion of Government Ceramic Factory, Gudur .. Manufacture of High and low Tons, per year 1000 tension electrical insulators. 8. Starting of Sri Venkateswara Paper and Straw Board Production of straw Boards. Tons. per[day 10 Mills, Tirupati. 4. State Finanace Corporation .. Grant of Loans Rs. in lakhs. 20 5. Co-operative Sugar Factories (a) Establishment of Co­ No. 6 operative sugar factories. (b) Annual production of Tons, per year 1,38,400 Sugar TELANGANA. 6. Co-operative Sugar Factory Sugar Factory No. m

Ch a p t e r X X II VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES Village and Small Scale Industries have a central place in the development programmes. They provide immediate large scale employment, offer a method of ensuring a more equitable distribution of the National Income and they facilitate an effective. mobilisation of resources of capital and skill which might otherwise re­ main unutilised. Some of the problems that unplanned urbanisation tend to create could be avoided by the establishment of small centres of industrial production all over the State. Schemes were, therefore, taken up to­ wards progressive development of the Village and Small Scale Industries in the State.

During the First Plan, in Andhra area, the develop­ ment of Coir Industry was undertaken and a permanent building was constructed at Baruva for the coir school for training artisans. The school served to induce^the local persons to take up manufacture of various types of coir products using modern^appliances. The original period of training of one year was found insufficient and the school undertook to run 2 year course from June 1952. The first batch of 2 year course, consisting of 15 students completed its training and passed out in April 1954. The response from the public to send their boys is increas­ ing as seen from the increasing number of applications received for admission into the school year after year. A coir soaking and retting centre was started at Antar- vedi in Razole Taluk of East Godavari district to de­ monstrate the methods of soaking and retting of husks to the village people using the raw material available in plenty. The unit has started producing coir during the year 1955-56 and was supplying fibre to the training units in the State. Two peripatetic tanning parties have been functioning during the first plan for the development of leather industries. These parties train­ ed local tanners in improved methods of tanning, flaying etc., and in the manufacture of leather goods. A modern leather goods manufacturing unit at Vijayawada and a production-cum-training centre for the manufacture of leather goods and foot wear at Samalkot were also open­ ed. 112 candidates were trained in tanning and manu­ facture of leather goods. Training-cum-production cen­ tres for carpentry and Blacksmithy have been started at 151

Srikakulam, Elur, Guntur, Nellore Cuddapah and Kur- nool. Two regional museums for Cottage Industries one at Anantapur and the other at Rajahmundry were start­ ed, but the museum at Anantapur was closed down as it did not function satisfactorily. The Khadi Scheme which was originally framed in 1946-47 was continued in 3 intensive khadi centres at Tuni, Yerragondapalem and Santhanuthulapadu, besides the starting of a new centre at Koilkuntla. 2 Central Khadi Bhandars were opened at Kurnool and Vijayawada, in addition to the depots existing at Rajahmundry and Gopannapalem. An ex­ tensive Khadi Scheme was also enforced in 22 firkas during the plan period. But in the interest of better management the Government during 1955-56, have handed over the centres and sales depots with stocks and staff to All India Khadi and Village Industries Board. The Viswes- warayya’s scheme for Small Scale Industries was intro­ duced in Nellore taluk as an experimental measure but was discontinued as the scheme did not make any head­ way due to lack of reception from the public. To pro­ vide employment to the ex-tappers, a scheme was formu­ lated permitting them to tap palm trees for manufactur­ ing jaggery. For this purpose Palm Jaggery Co-opera­ tives were organised. Special staff was sanctioned to train the ex-tappers in the refined methods of jaggery production and 8,919 ex-tappers received training.

In the Telangana region, for the development of Cot­ tage Industries, a sum of Rs. 3 lakhs was paid to the Fede­ ration of Industrial Co-operatives. During the First Plan, the most important work pertaining to village and small scale industries was the setting up of separate Advisory Boards for Handlooms, Handicrafts and Khadi and Vil­ lage Industries. These Boards gave valuable advice to the Government on the various problems connected with the Small Scale Industries. In regard to the handloom industries, the objective of establishing a co-operative organisation has been realised on an unprecedented scale. By the end of the plan there were 154 Cotton Weavers’ Co-operative Societies with a registered loomage of 1.45 lakhs, 24 wool weavers co-operative societies with a registered loomage of 8,917 and 10 silk weavers co-opera­ tive societies with a registered loomage of 987. Rebate was paid on sales of handloom cloth through co-opera­ tive sales depots. 45 dye houses were established besides the supply of improved equipment like takeup motion, 152 pedal looms, iron reed etc. In regard to Small Scale Industries 20 co-operative work centres producing various types of consumer goods like printed sarees, cane furni­ ture, toys, kamblies, bricks, hosiery goods, inks, boot polish, phenyle, kit box, shoes etc., were set up. These centres gave regular employment to 400 skilled artisans and goods worth over Rs. 11/2 lakhs have been produced and sold. A co-operative match factory for the benefit of the families of ex-soldiers has been established and 450 women workers were trained. Of these, 250 have already been employed and a daily production of 200 grosses of match boxes on an^ average has been achieved. Under the scheme for training in power driven machines, 27 students received training in useful vocations like lathe work, electrical plating, power loom weaving and wool carding. The sewing machine industry has also been financially assisted and a production of about 1,000 machines annually has been acheived. Units for electri­ cal fans, storage batteries and other electrical implements have been organised, besides the development of cutlery industry, glass bangle industry, brass-ware and leather goods.

The development of handicrafts was also significant during the First Plan in the Telangana region. A co­ operative of Nirmal artisans was formed and craftsmen engaged in Bidriware and were assisted with loans for working capital. The carpet weavers at Waran- gal have been financially assisted and the decaying carpet industry was revived as the speciality of Warangal carpets lies in the fact that they are mostly woven from natural hues which never fade. The grass mats of Mah- bubnagar, tie and dye styled sarees of Pochampally, multi-coloured Choli Khans of , gold embellished sarees and Choli Khans of have been assisted by bringing those artisans under the co-operative fold.

The programme for Village and Small Scale Industries to be carried out during the Second Plan period is consi­ derably larger than in the first. Programmes for the Second Plan and problems connected with their imple­ mentation have been recently reviewed by a Committee- the Village and Small Scale Industries (Second Five-Year Plan) Committee, commonly known as the Karve Com­ mittee, which was appointed by the Planing Commisssion 153 in June, 1955. In making its proposals the committee kept three principlal aims in view, namely, (i) to avoid as far as possible, dm-ing the period of the Second Plan, further technological unemployment such as occurs specially in the traditional village industries ; {ii) to provide for as large a measure of increased employment as possible during the plan period through different village and small industries; and (Hi) to provide the basis for the structure of an essentially decentralised society and also for progressive economic development at a fairly rapid rate.

In the Industrial Policy Resolution of 30th April, 1956, reference has been made to the policy of supporting cottage and village and small-scale industries, which the State has been following by restricting the volume of production in the large scale sector, by differential taxation, or by direct subsidies. It is stated that while such measures will continue to be taken, whenever neces­ sary, the aim of the State policy will be to ensure that the detcentralised sector acquires sufficient vitality to be self- supporting and its development is integrated with that of large-scale industry. The State will, therefore, con­ centrate on measures designed to improve the compe­ titive strength of the small scale producers. For this it is essential that the technique of production should be constantly improved and modernised, the pace of trans­ formation being regulated so as to avoid, as far as possi­ ble, technological unemployment. Lack of technical and financial assistance and suitable working accommoda­ tion and inadequacy of facilities for repair and mainte­ nance are among the serious handicaps of small-scale producers. The Resolution mentions in this connection that a start has been made with the establishment of industrial estates and rural community workshops to make good these deficiencies. The extension of rural electrification and the availability of power at prices which the workers can afford will also be of considerable help. Emphasis is laid in the Resolution on the orga­ nisation of industrial co-operatives which greatly assist many of the activities relating to small-scale production. SuLch co-operatives should be encouraged in every way and the State should give constant attention to the deve­ lopment of cottage, village and smaU-scale industries. 20 With these objectives in view, about 175 schemes— 82 in Andhra and 93 in Telangana are proposed to be implemented during the Second Plan Period— at a total cost of Rs. 1,152.23 lakhs— ^Rs. 767.18 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 385.05 lakhs for Telangana. Central assistance to the tune of Rs. 915.96 lakhs— Rs. 459.02 lakhs by way of loans and Rs. 456.94 lakhs by way of grants— is expected to be available for implementing these schemes. Appendix X X will furnish the provision for each scheme included in the Second Plan for the Andhra and Telangana regions.

During the Second Plan, the development of Small Scale Industries is expected to be pursued vigorously in Andhra area. On the whole, about 35 to 40 small- scale industries are proposed to be started which are intended to stimulate production of consumer goods in the State, such as bicycle parts, builders hard­ ware, hand tools and agricultural implements, small electric motors, radio receivers, 16 mm film projectors small guage insulated copper wire, fractional h.p. motors etc. Close collobaration is, however, expected to be maintained with the Small Scale Industries Corporation set up by the Government of India to encourage the development of small scale industries. Three industrial estates are proposed to be established at Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam and Samalkot with a view to providing conditions favourable to working efficiency, maintaining uniform standards in production and economic utilisa­ tion of materials and equipment. The principal object is to enable a large number of small scale units to have the advantage of common services and other facilities, such as, a good site, electricity, water, gas, steam, com­ pressed air, railway sidings, watch and ward etc. Other schemes in the State plan for the development of small- scale industries broadly fall under the following categories viz., (a) Training- cum-production centres ; (b) Production schemes of pilot character initi­ ated departmentally; and (c) Production schemes of commercial character and loans to private concerns under State- aid to Industries Act. 155 In Andhra area, it is proposed to start about 40 train­ ing centres in various cottage industries for imparting training to village artisans. About 45 production-cum- training centres and other small scale industries will also be established during the Second Plan Period.

Sericulture has high employment potential and pro­ vides supplemental occupation to a large number of rural families. As silk fabrics have to compete in the market with other textiles the stability and expansion of the industry can be ensured only by continuous effort to improve quality and reduce cost. A number of schemes has, therefore, been included for the development of sericulture in Andhra area. The present area of 100 acres under Mulberry cultivation will be increased to 2,000 acres and 3,000 families will be benefited by these industries. Provision has also been made for the forma­ tion of industrial co-operatives. 10 hand-pounding rice centres, 10 societies for tanning and leather goods manu­ facture, five societies for the development of Khadi are expected to be established during the plan period. Over 11,000 ex-tappers will be trained in the production of palm jaggery and 30,000 licences will be issued for tapp­ ing. Adequate provision has also been made for the develpoment of handloom industries through the co­ operatives. 25,000 looms are proposed to be brought under the co-operative fold and towards the improve­ ment of techniques in handloom weaving 99,000 standard reeds, 1,980 devices to regulate picks, 660 warping machines, 5,940 frame and pedal looms and 6,600 dobbies will be provided. In addition to these 6 societies will be organised for the production of Kamblies. The Guntakal Spinning Mill will be expanded besides the starting of a co-operative spinning mill at Tad- pa-tri to produce 23, 625 bales of yarn a year. 475 houses are proposed to be constructed for the weavers.

The Telangana plan aims at the establishment of a co-operative Spinning Mill to produce 28,800 bales of yam a year, besides the establishment of a calendering ‘and bleaching plant and 2 pattern making centres. Towards the development of handloom industries, 3,278 weavers will be brought under the co-operative fold and a rebate of IJ annas per rupee will be allowed to the custo­ mers who purchase handloom cloth. Working capital 156 loan will also be provided to 40,000 weavers. One work­ shop for handloom accessories and another for manufa- eturingjagricultural^implements will be established. 70 dye houses will also be opened besides the organisation of 125 sales depots. One wool finishing plant and 3 wool carding and processing centres are proposed to be or­ ganised during the Second Plan Period. One Industrial Estate will be established in addition to a central design unit. Small Scale Industries like cutlery, glass bangles, pencil manufacture, carpet and druggets, ivory and horn, button, cloth printing, wood-in-lay, lac bangles etc., are also proposed to be developed during the Second Plan.

Improvement of housing conditions of artisans is an important item in the programme of decentralised indus­ trial development as often the houses of artisans is also their work place. It is therefore, proposed to construct 300 houses for weavers, 25 houses for Bidri workers and 25 houses for Himru workers.

The targets proposed to be achieved under each scheme included in the Second Plan of Andhra and Telan- gana regions can be seen from Statement 16. Statem ent N o. 16. v illa g e and sm all scale INDUSTRIES. Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4 ) (5)

ANDHRA 1, Scheme fop the manufacture of Scientific apparatus (a) Production of scientific Rs. in lakhs 0 *25 at Gudur. apparatus. (b) Trainees to be trained. No. 10 per year. 2. Shifting of Training Centre, Rajahmundry to the site of Ceramic Service Centre. 8. Starting of Training-cum-production unit for stone-ware (a) Manufacture of Earthern- and Earthern ware products, Anakapalli and Vizia- ware product. Rs. in lakhs. 0 *35 nagaram. (b) Trainees. No. per year. 20 4. Establishment o;f a training-cum-production unit for the (a) Trainees. No. per year. 0 '38 manufacture of Crayons and other plaster products (b) Production of Crayons etc. Rs. in lakhs 12 at Rajahmundry. 6. Establishment of 6 production-cum-training centres (a) Trainees. No. per year. 72 in Blacksmithy. (b) Production of implements. Rs. in lakhs 0 '95 S t a t e m e n t N o . 1 6 .—(Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES.

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P roposed Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

cn OD

” 6. Establishment of 6 production-cum-training centres (a) Trainees. No. per year. 72 in Carpentry. (fe) Production of furniture. Rs. in lakhs. 2 *00 7. Production-cum-Training Centre for Moulders at Vijaya­ (а) Trainees. No. per year. 12 wada. (б) Production of moulders Rs. in lakhs. 0 *27 8. Establishment of a production-cum-training centre (a) Trainees. No. per year. 6 for ceramic ware at Dronachalam. (b) Production of ceramic ware Rs. in lakhs. 0 *60 9. Production-cum-training centre for training and (a) Trainees. No. per year. 20 manufacture of foot-wear at Eluru. (b) Production of foot wear. Rs. in lakhs 1. 82 10. Starting of model leather goods manufacturing unit (a) Trainees. No. per year. 12 at Vijayawada. (b) Production of leather goods. Rs. in lakhs 1 -07 11. Starting of a model tannery at Hindupur (а) Trainees. No. per year 12 (б)Production of Tanned Rs. in lakhs. 1.80 leather. 12. Production-cum-training centre in carpentry .. (a) Trainees. No. per year. 6 at Visakhapatnam. (b) Production of furniture. Rs. in lakhs. 1.30 18. Starting of a tile production centre at Pendurthi Production of tiles. Rs. in lakhs. 1.10 14. Establishment of a saw mill-cum-timber seasoning plant R^jahmundry. 15. Establishment of a stone ware pipes manufacturing Stone ware pipes. Rs. in lakhs. 5 . 3 0 centre at Rajahmundry. 16. Establishment of a production centre for the manufac­ Production of bolts, nuts, Rs. in lakhs 1 20 ture of bolts, nuts and rivets etc., Visakhapatnam. rivets etc. 2 17. Establishment of two general purpose engineering work­ ..(a) Centres. No. 2 shops at Tadepalligudem and Cuddapah. (6) Production of implements Rs. in lakhs 1 . 3 0 etc. 18. Establishment of Industrial estate at Visakhapatnam . Centre. No. 1 19. Establishment of Industrial Estate, Vijayawada . Centre. No. 1

20. State aid to industries under State aid to Industries Act . . Distribution of loans to Rs. in lakhs 1 5 .0 0 s mall industrialists. 21. Strengthening of Directorate and District Staff 22. Purchase of Jeeps to Assistant Directors and Assistant Industrial Engineers. Jeeps. No. 13 23. Cottage Industries loans to Village Industries Artisans 24. Gur and Khandasari Scheme No. of centres. No. 8 S t a t e m e n t No. 16.—{Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES.

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o po sed SrL Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

a o .

Sericulture Schemes —

25. Establishment of grainage at Hindupur .. Production of disease free No. 1,20,000 layings. 26. Establishment of basic seed farm at Hindupur .. Cocoons. No. 4,00,000 27. Facilities to be provided for the existing farm at .. Production of foreign race No. 50,000 Palamaner. seed cocoons. 28. Establishment of an experimental Eriseed farm .. Production of Eriseed cocoons No. 4,00,000 29. Establishment of Graft Nursery at Hindupur .. Mulbery grafts No. 15,000 50. Establishment of a demonstration silk farm at Araku .. Production of cross breed No. 2,00,000 Valley. cocoons. 81. Establishment of Tastor seed station and seedling Tastor seed oocooriSt * «• NOi 8*00,000 demonstration centre. ^ 8 2 . Other items 33. Graphite crucible industry at Rajahmundry .. Graphite crucibles Rs. in lakhs. 0.08 84. Manufacture of low loss ceramic ware and radio compon- Radio Components 0.80 ants at Gudur. 85. Establishment of a research unit for a small spale and , Centre No. village industries at Kakinada. 36. Mobile Blacksmithy Demonstration Unit at Kurnool 37. Mobile carpentry unit, Chittoor ...... 88. Builders Hard ware at Dowleswaram .. Manufacture of Builders Rs. in lakhs. 8.80 Handware. 89. Hosiery unit at Guntakal Hosiery 1.80 40. Production-cum-training centre for Bamboo and Basket . (a) Centres. No. 8 netting. (b) Trainees No. 100 41. Coir Production-cum-training centre, Mogaltur . (a) Centre • • No. 1 {by tjaineea No, «0 42. Production-cum-Training Centre for horn articles . Trainees , No. per yeai 10 43. Scheme for inter State Marketing Section in the Central Sales Emporium, Vijayawada. 44. Production-cum-training centre for fancy and artistic Centre No. _____ 1 leather articles. 45. Production-cum-training centre for lypoden toys . Trainees No. per year 10 46. Establishment of sales emporium fpr cottage and village . centre.. No. 1 industries products. Statem ent No. 16. {Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

T arget P koposeo Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item .. Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) ” (4) (5)

toOft

47. Other small scale schemes .. .. ., centres. .. .. No. 8 48. Production-cum-training centre for enamel ware at Gudur (a) Trainees .. .. No. per year. 6 (6) Enamel Works .. Rs. in lakhs. 0,50 49. Bicycle Parts Factory at Vijayawada ' ., 50. Manufacture of fractional H.P. motors and radio transfor- Fractional H.P. motors .. Rs. in lakhs. 7.00 mers. 51. Manufacture of Radio spare parts and receivers .. Radio spare parts .. Rs. in lakhs. 6.50 52. Manufacture of 16 M.M. Film projectors .. .. Film Projectors .. „ 5.80 5,8. Manufacture of Palmyrah Brush at Kakinada .. Palmyrah Brushes .. „ 0.42 54. Manufacture of small gauged installed copper wires, wire Copper wire. .. .. „ 4.50 drawing, cotton covering and enamelling. 66. Scheme for establishment of two reeling units at Palmaner and Hindupur. Silk reeling. Pounds. io,ooa« 56. Establishment of a basic foreign race seed farm at Chintapalli Foreign race seed cocoons No. 4,oo,ooa 57. Scheme for the introduction of sericulture as craft in tw o.. Schools .. No. 2 schools. 58. Scheme for starting of a production-cum-training centre (a) centre No. 1 for coir industry. (ft) trainees No. 40

59. Training of Drillers 60. Assistant Drillers 61. Tanning Demonstration Parties 62. Glass Bangle and bead training centres. 68 . Coir soaking and netting centre, Razole. Not Available 64. Sri Visweswarayya’s Industrial Scheme for rural areas. ^5. Extension training centre, Gopannapalem. 66. Government Ceramic Service Centre 67. Government Coir School, Baruva. Additional provision made by the Planning Commission under Village and Small Scale Industries. (Detailed schemes to be worked out later.) Industrial Co-operatives (a) Opening of hand pound- No. 5a^ di«g*of riee centere (b) Societies for tanning No. and leather goods manufacture. (c)Training of candidates No. ioa< in tanning & leather goods manufacture. St a t e m e n t N o . 16. {Contdj)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a b g e t P e o p o s e i) Sri. Name of the ScBeme No. Item Unit Target --r.V- 0) (2) (8) (S)

70. Palm products Development (а) issue of licenses for tap­ No. 80,000 ping. (б) Training of ex-tappers .. No. 11,020 (c) production of palm jag­ Tons. 58,900 gery. (d) Distribution of palm No. 4,00,000 seeds. 71. Share Capital and working capital loans to primary wea­ (a) admission of new looms.. No. 25,000 vers co-operative societies. (b) production of cloth Lakhs of yards 1,634 72. Loans to Andhra Handloom Weavers Co-operative Socie­ (a) purchase of cloth Lakhs of yards 570t

ties. (b) sale of cloth. 99 506. 78. Expansion of Marketing organisation of the Andhra Handloom Weavers S^eties. 74. Improvements of techniques and organisation expenses (a) Provision of standard No. 9,90(> reeds. (b) Devices to regulate picks No. 1,980 (c) Warping machines No. 660 (d) Frame and pedal looms. No. 5,940 (e) Dobbies No. 6,600; 75. Establishment of dye factories Production of dyed yam in No. of bales. 25,200 bales. TO. Rebate • • 77. Cumbly industry (а) Organisation of new So­ No. 6 cieties. (б) No. of new looms to be No. 675 admitted. (c) production erf rugs ^ No. . ,1,05,880 and cumblies. 78. Housing Colonies for weavers Houses to be constructed Noi 475 79. Development of SilkHandToomB ...... ' 80. Expansion of Guntakal Spinning Mills 81. Co-operative Spinning Mill, Tadipathri Production of yarn No. of Bales. 2S,625 82. Starting of a production-cum-training centre for wooden (a) Centres No. 1 toys manufacture (Tirupati) ...... — (d) Trainees No.. 60 St a t e m e n t N o . 16.—{Conid.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES.

TargeU Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P eo po sed S ri. ^^ame o f the Schenie No. Item Unit T arget

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5 )

TELANGANA

Handlooms.

Cotton.

New Schemes. 1. Co-operative Spinning Mill {a) Establishment of spinning No, 1' mill. (b) yam to be produced Bales. 28,800* per year. 2. Organisational expenses at 4% in cotton, wool and silk S. Working capital loan .. Weavers to be brought under No. 40,000^ productive activity. 4. Share capital to weavers . Weavers to be brought under No. 3,278 cooperative fold. 5. Rebate on sale of Handloom cloth . Rebate .. .. Rs. in lakhs. 80.43 6. Calendering and bleaching plant .. . Establishment of calendering No. 1 and bleaching plant. 7. Establishment of pattern making centres . Centres. No. 2 8. Establishment of workshop for manufacturing Workshop. No. 1 implements. 9. Improved appliances . {a) Conversion of through shuttle looms into flj shuttle looms. No. 9,625 (6) Pedal looms. No. 150 (c) Drop boxes. No. 1.875 (d) Drums. No. 590 (e) Healed shafts No. 8,750 a (/) Pairs of temples No. 5,900 (g) Jacquards. No. 250 (h) Reeds. No. 7,500 10. Elstablishment of dye houses Dye houses. No. 60 11. Publicity, propaganda prizes, samples etc. 12. Marketing depots. Inter State Sales depots, supply of Marketing and sales depots. No. 115 equipment, etc. 13. Working capital to apex society .. Amount. Rs. in lakhs 5.01 14. Housing Colony for weavers. Houses. No. 800 15. Running expenses for primary and sale societies 16. Non-commercial activity of apex society S^ATHimrT l(k—(CWd.)

riL k A G E AND SHALL SCALE INDI^THIES.

Targets PrOpoBtd for the S^ccnd Plan.

Taboet Psopqsud Sri. Name of the Scheme Item Unit T a r ^

(1) (2) (8) (6)

17. Training of employees of weavers societies ^ Trainees -No. 800

18. Thrift fund. ... *• • •

Wool.

^19. Continuing Schemes ■ , ... Not available • •

New Schemes:

20. Working capital for production • • Loans. No. 6,000 21, Share capital to wool weavers Weavers. No. 6,000

22. Working capital to wool Apex Society • • • . • •

28. Establishment of dye houses • • Dye houises. No. 5 124. Establishment of supply-cum-marketing depots Depots. No. 10 25. Improved appliances (a) Looms. No. 1,000 to {b) Pedal No. 1,000 (c) Healed sets No. 150 26. Publicity, Propaganda; etc. 27. Wool finishing plant Kambals. No. 20,000 28. Wool carding and processing centre Centres No. 3 29. Running expenses and rebate to wool societies Societies to be given rebate. No. 40

Silk.

New Schemes. 30. Working capital loan Looms that would be brought No, 1,400 , under productive activities. 31. Share capital Loans to be advanced. No. 1,375 O05 32. Establishment of marketing depots Marketing depots No. 5 33. Improved appliances (a) Dobbies No. 350 (b) Brass reeds No. 560 (c) Healds No. 350 (d) Jacquards No. 10 34. Establishment of Dye houses I ye houses .. .. No. 35. Publicity, purchase of samples, etc.

Continuing Schemes 36. Scheme for 20 co-operative work centres (a) Worth of articles to be Rs. in lakhs. 5.00 produced per year. (b) Persons to be employed No. 5 0 0 S t a t e m e n t N o . 1 6 .—{Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P ro po sed :Srl. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

o •87. Scheme for Cottage Match Factories ■88. Asifnagar Match Factory .. Match Boxes grosses. 500 per day -89. Branch depot of Asifnagar Match Factory .. Centre No. 1 500 40. Mushirabad Match Factory .. Match boxes grosses per day 41. Scheme for manufacturing splints and veneers .. (a) splints and veneers do 1,500 (6) trainees No. 64 42. Scheme for imparting training in power driven machines . Trainees No. per year. 60 43. Scheme for utility leather goods ...... Manufacture of shoes and Pairs 5,000 chappals. per year. -44. Scheme for model tannery at Warangal .. ., Chrome leather to be produced Sq. feet. 40, 000 per year. 45. Scheme for development of cutlery incduucry Cost of articles to be pro­ Rs. in lakhs. 0.40> duced. per year 46. Glass bangle industry .. Glass bangles .... No. of Sets. 5,000 per year 47. Scheme for brass ware industry 48. Schemes for model carpentry centres (a) Centres No. 2 (b) Trainees No. per year 48 49. Scheme for model balck^mithy centre (a) Centres • .. No. 2 {h) Trainees No. per year 48 50. Scheme for financial aid to small scale industries Distribution of loans to small Rs. in lakhs. 26.00 industries. New Schemes:—

51. Scheme for establishment of industrial estates Industrial estate No. 1 52. Strengthening of Directorate Staff scheme 53. Scheme for organising co-operative work centres 54. Brush Industry Centre No. 1 55. Workshop for manufacturing of implements Centre No. 1 56. Scheme for storage batteries ' .. Batteries No. per year 2,400 57. Scheme for Katha manufacture Centre No, 1 58. Scheme for manufacture of pencils Centre No. 1 59. Miscellaneous schemes Handilprafts Continuing Schemes 60. Scheme for carpet and drugget industry Production of carpets and No. peryear 2000 druggets. Cl. Scheme for mat weaving Production of mats No. per year. 3000 St a t e m e n t No. 16.—(Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a e g e t P r o po sed Sri. Name of the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

( 1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

New Schemes 62. Scheme for expansion of cottage industries sales depot. .. Average sales .. Rs. in lakhs. 5.00 63. Staff for handicrafts Staff scheme. 64. Schemes for the development of central Institute of Designs 65. Scheme for common facility centres and housing colony for bidri workers. Houses. No. 25; 66. Schemes for common facility centres and housing colony for Himroo workers .. Houses. No. 25* 67. Scheme for silver filigree work {a) artisans in the Co-operative Society. No. 50- (6) cost of silver filigree to be produced. Rs, per year 50,0001 68. Scheme for ivory and horn work . (a) Trainees. No. per year. 8 (6) cost of articles to be produced annually. Rs. 15,000 69. Scheme for horn work and button ihdustry ., 70. Scheme for sales emporium for handicrafts Emporium No. 1 71. Schme for artistic leather craft. .. Cientre. No. 1 72. Scheme for dye works and cloth prin+ing Work centre. No. 1 73. Scheme for wood inlay and engraving No. 1 74. Scheme for lac bangle industry . * .. . Work centre. No. 1 75. Schemes for beads work 76. Quarrying of cloured stone. 77. Miscellaneous handicraft centres. .. . Sericulture. •SE 78. Scheme for training-cum-demonstration, Bhiknoor. Boys to be trained. No. 60 CO 79. Scheme to reinforce the Government Silk Farm, Manair . {a) land proposed to be brought under mulberry Acres. 100 (6) Raw silk. lbs. 30,000 \c) cocoons. lbs. 30,000 80. Scheme for establishment of mulberry nursery , Mulberry cutting to be supp­ Grafters. 12,000 ...... ■’■■■ lied free of cost. 81. Scheme for the establishment of tussur silk (a) supply of D. F. L. Ozs. 10,000 station at Venkatapur^ (6) Reeling of raw silk. lbs. 1,000 (c) training to tribal boys. No. 60 82. Scheme for estblishment of tussar silk station at Mahadeopur(a) supply of D. F. L. Ozs. 10,000 (6) organisation of reeling co-operatives. No. 4 (c) Reeling of raw silk. lbs. 1,000 (d) training to tribal boys. No. 60 S t a t e m e n t No. 16.—(Contd.) VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES Targets Proposed for the Second Plan.

T a r g e t P r o p o s e d Sri. Name o f the Scheme No. Item Unit Target

( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) (4) ( 5 )

83. Scheme for the establishment of Government Serisilk ex­ perimental farm at Mahabubnagar. 84. Scheme for establishment of multi-voltive seed centre, Area to be brought under mul­ Acres. 250 Bhiknoor. berry cultivation. 85. Scheme to strengthen the Govt. Silk Farm, Salvai {a) training for tribal boys. No. 60 (6) Area to be brought under mulberry cultivation. Acres. 2 0 0 86. Scheme for sericulture demonstration of private farms. .. Area to be brought under mulbe­ Acres. 2 0 0 rry cultivation. 87. Scheme to organise farmers day in sericulture areas. 88. Scheme to organise tussar culturist day in tussar area 89. Scheme for study tour and training of personnel 90. Scheme for the organisation of sericulture branch 91. Other Miscellaneous 92. Other Schemes, training etc. 93. Other village industries 175

C h a p t e r XXIII

ROADS

Roads are a service for all forms of development, whe­ ther of agriculture, trade, or idustry and an efficient and well developed road system is vital to the success of any plan of economic development which lays stress on rapid industrialisation. The plan proposed in 1943, that over a period of 20 years no village in a well developed agricultural area should remain more than 5 miles from a main road. This plan also empha­ sised that the schemes drawn up by the centre and the States should be based on the consideration of the road- system of India as an integral whole; and that develop­ ment should be balanced as between different catego­ ries of roads and should proceed in a planned sequence having regard to the requirements of traffic. The Nagpur plan also recommended the classification of roads according to their functions. Thus, roads were divided into National Highways, State Highways, Major and other District Roads and village roads. National Highways are “ main highways serving predo­ minantly national, as distinct, from State purposes, running through the length and breadth of India, which together form a system connecting (by routes as direct as practicable) major ports, foreign highways, capitals of States and including highways required for strategic movements for the defence of India” for the development and maintenance of which the Central Government assumes financial liability.

In Andhra area, at the commencement of the First Plan, the total mileage of roads was 14.241 miles. Under State Roads, which comprise all roaas mcnarge of State Government, during the First Plan 25 milesu,, of new roads were formed, 109j miles were mexanea, 35j miles were black topped and 39J miles were cement concreted. 7 major and 20 minor bridges besides 10 causeways were also constructed. Under‘ other roads’ which comp­ rise all roads incharge of District Boards, 679 miles of new roads were formed and 320 miles were metalled. An amount of about Rs. 14 lakhs was spent on Minor bridges besides an amount of Rs. 3 lakhs on miscellaneous improvements. Plants and machinery costing Rs 40.69 lakhs required for road making and bridge construction 176 were acquired. The amount spent by way of State’s contiibution for the division of National Highways No. 5 in East and West Godavari Districts and construction of bridges on the two arms of Gowtami and Vasishta of river Godavari was Rs, 5.50 lakhs. Thus, at the end of the First Plan, the total mileage of roads in the Andhra area was 15,467 miles of which 937 miles were National Highways financed by the Govern­ ment of India, 5,737 miles were under the control of the State Government and 8,793 miles were under the con­ trol of Local Bodies. Among the 5,787 miles which were under the control of the State Government, 1,865 miles were State Highways, 4,358 miles were Major District Roads and 14 miles were other District Roads. 2,372 miles of roads classed as Major District Roads were under the control of District Boards.

In the Telangana area, at the beginning of the First Plan, the total road mileage was 4,348 miles of which 472 miles were National Highways under the financial and general control of the Government of India, 3,042 miles were Government roads maintained W the P. W. D. and 834 miles were Local Fund and Mlinici- pal Roads under the control of the Local Government. Roads in Telangana were not classified as Major District Roads, other district Roads and village roads as per the Nagpur Plan but they were classified as 1st 2nd, 3rd and 4th class for purposes of maintenance. During the First Plan, the programme for National Highways consisted onlv in upgrading the National Highways by dust proofing, bridging unbridged stream crossings and diversions for improving alignment etc. at a cost of Rs 87.19 lakhs of which only Rs. 50 lakhs was spent till the end of the plan. The plan also aimed at the construction of 197 miles of new roads, 2 river bridges and a few other masonary works and in addition a total of 111 miles of new roads were also taken up on grounds of emergency, but in all, 126 miles of new roads and all masonary works other than the 2 river bridges only have been completed. Some roads were also constructed by the Local Fund and Municipal authorities though they were outside the plan. Thus at the close of the First Plan period, the total road mileage of the Telangana area rose to 4,771 miles of which 472 miles were National Highways, 3,168 raile? wer^ 177

Government roads under Public Works Department and 1,131 miles were local Fund roads.

During the years 1951 and 1952 a number of fair wea­ ther roads or surface tracks over a total length of about 2,850 miles has been constructed by the Public Works Department as ‘Security Roads’ in the then disturbed ^interior and forest areas of the Telangana region under a Grant-in-aid of Rs. 20 lakhs given by the Government of India for providing communication facilities to the Military and Police in their drive against the unsocial ele­ ments. But these roads which were not up to the Pub­ lic Works Department standard and which had been constructed as a temporary measure for a specific purpose have not since been, maiiitained and have therefore not been included in the road mileage statis­ tics furnished in the foregoing lines.

In the Second Plan of Andhra Pradesh, for road development, a sum of Rs. 769.29 lakhs— Rs. 550.42 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 218.87 lakhs for Telangana— has been provided and the entire cost will be borne by the State. The break up of the plan provision for each scheme can be seen from Appendix X X I.

‘State Roads’ in Andhra area which form the main framework of roads in the State are at present insuffi­ cient to meet the present day traffic and there is every need to increase their length. These main roads have to form a net work of leading routes to the neighbouring States and to the National Highways and at th^ same time serve as important inter-connections between districts. They should also, from a strategic point of view, serve as alternative routes in case of damage or breakdown in any one line of communication. The plan therefore, provides for a large number of roads to be brought under better condition and to form a net work of Inter-State and inter-district roads. Thus,64 miles of new roads will be formed, 93 miles metalled, 420 miles black topped and 8 miles cement concreted. 9 major bridges, 120 river bridges and 41 causeways will also be constructed. Besides these, it is proposed to take over 1,050 miles of District Board roads under the control of the Government and 1,00,000 of avenue trees will be planted, 23 178

The development of ‘ other roads ’ vests with the local bodies. But the expenditure on these road works is shared by the Government, the local bodies and the beneficiaries. The programmed expenditure on these roads during the Second Plan period, is over Rs. 151.25 lakhs out of which a sum of Rs. 125 lakhs has to be provided by the State Government as grants, the balance being provided by the local bodies and the beneficiaries. During the Second Plan period, under ‘ Other roads 642 miles of new roads will be formed and 780 miles of roads will be metalled. 229 bridges will also be constructed. Heavy Plant and machinery costing Rs. 30.50 lakhs which are necessary for the execution of road develop­ ment schemes in the State will also be acquired during Second Plan. There are 5 National Highways in the Andhra area. These are generally maintained and improved from the funds provided by the Government of- India. But in the case of diversion of National Highways No. 5 (Madras—Calcutta road from Ichapuram in Srikakulam District to Nellore and to Madras) in the East and West Godavary Districts and construction of a bridge across the two arms -of Godavary, the State Government have agreed to bear 1/8 th of the cost of the scheme for the cons­ truction of bridges across the Gowtami and Vasishta arms of Godavary and diversion of the Madras—Calcutta road through the East and West Godavari districts plus an amount of Rs. 10 lakhs being the extra cost involved in the construction of a bridge with full waterway across the Gowtami branch favoured by the State Government as against the one with restricted waterway suggested by the Government of India. A sum of Rs. 34.50 lakhs has, therefore, been provided for this in the Second Plan.

The absence of a sufficient mileage of village roads is a serious drawback in the system of communications. Village roads are, in fact, being developed with the active co-operation of the villagers themselves who contribute a portion of the cost of construction by way of free labour, free gift of land or money, the balance being contributed by the State Government or local bodies. In the Second Plan, a sum of Rs. 75 lakhs has been earmarked for the roads in ‘Village Plan’ in the preparation of which the vil­ lagers themselves took an active' part, It is proposed to m form 570 miles of new roads, and metal 200 miles of roads besides the construction of 800 bridges and culverts.

The programme for the development of tourism consists mainly, of providing accommodation, tansport and recrea­ tional facilities at important tourist centres, especially those situated in out of the way places. Broadly, the schemes are of two categories, namely (a) Schemes for the development of facilities at a limited number of places visited largely by foreign tourists, and (6) Schemes in­ tended primarily to provide facilities for home tourists of low and middle income groups at a number of places of regional and local importance. The schemes in the first category will be undertaken by the Central Govern­ ment and those in the Second group will be implemented by the States. A sum of Rs. 3.71 lakhs has therefore been provided in the Second Plan for the construction of 10 travellers’ bungalows at tourist centres in the Andhra area.

All the foregoing schemes are expected to increase the road mileage in Andhra area to 16,743 miles out of which 937 miles will be National Highways, 6,850 miles will be roads in charge of the State Government and 8,956* miles of roads will be in charge of District Boards. Of the 6,850 miles of State roads, 3,109 miles will be State Highways, 3,727 miles will be Major District roads and 14 miles will be other District roads. In the Telangana area, during the second Plan period, 430 miles of new roads will be formed besides the construction of 2 bridges which are spillover works from the First PJan and 3 new river bridges. 117 miles of existing roads will also be up­ graded and dust proofing will be done for 350 miles of exis­ ting roads. Besides these 250 miles of roads will, be surve­ yed and estimates prepared. The three river bridges proposed to be constructed are (1) Bridge across the on the Manthani-Mahdevpur road in Karimnagar District (2) Bridge across the Godavari at Burgampahad in Khammam District (on the road leading to Bhadrachalam in Andhra region) and (3) Bridge across the Krishna river at Wazirabad in Nalgonda District on the road leading to Guntur.

Statement 17 will furnish the details proposed under each scheme during the Second Plan period in Andhra and Telangana regions. Sta t e m e n t No. 17

ROADS

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

• T ahget pb oposed SI. Name of the scheme. No. Item. Unit. Target.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 00 o- A n d h r a . State Roads. 1. {a) Spillover works (1) New Roads .. Miles & Fur­ 7-0 longs. 11-3 (2) Metalling 99 (3) Black topping 55 6-0 (4) Major and Minor Bridges No. 22 (b) New Works (1) New Roads Miles & Fur­ 57-0 longs. 81-5 (2) Metalling 99 (3) Black topping 5) 414-0 (4) Cement concreting 55 8-2 (5) Major and Minor bridges No. 148 and causeways. (c) Maintenance of roads taken over by Government ,. Maintenance of roads .. Miles. 1,050-0' (d) Avenues .. Avenue Trees No. 1,00,000

Other Roads.

2. (a) Spillover works (1) new roads .. .. Miles. 238-1 (2) Metalling 99 126-4 (3) Bridges .. No. 113 (6) New Works .. (1) New roads .. .. Miles. 403-7

(2) Metalling • • 99 653-0 (3) Bridges ., No. 116 8. Tools and Plant .. Tools and Plant . < .. Value in lakhs 30.50 of Rs. 4, State s share on National Highways diversion .. Cost ,. Rs. in lakhs. 34.50 570-0 6. Roads in Village Plans.. .. (1) New Roads .. .. Miles. Off (2) Metalling • • 99 200-0 (3) Bridges and Culverts No. 300 6. Development of tourism .. Construction of Travellers’ Bungalows at Tourist Cen­ tres. No. 10 TELANGANA. 1. Spillover works in the Second Five-Year Plan .. (a) New Roads. Miles. 180 (b) Bridges. No. 2 2. New Roaa Works .. (a) Roads. Miles. 250 (b) Bridges. No. 8 (c) Upgrading of roads Miles. 117 8. Dust proofing existing roads .. Dust proofing. Miles. 350 4. Survey Division .. Survey and Estimates. Miles. 250 Chapter XXIV

EDUCATION

Economic development naturally makes growing de­ mands on human resources and in a democratic set up it calls for values and attitudes in the building up of which the quality of education is an important element. The system of education also determines the rate at which economic progress is achieved. In a Socialistic Pattern of Society, people’s participation at all levels is absolutely essential and this would become farcical when a majority of them are unlettered. In fact, for economic develop­ ment to make its full contribution to the well being of the mass of the people, programmes of education should be ahead of economic plans. In recent years, there has been a great deal of re-examination of the pattern of education, and on several issues the opinion of educa­ tionists has crystallised into fairly specific proposals for change, as indicated in the recommendations of the University Education Commission, the Secondary J]du- cation Commission and a number of Committees which have inquired into educational problems. Some of the recommendations of these Commissions have been imple­ mented in the State, during the First Plan, thereby initiat­ ing a process of educational development.

During the First Plan period, in Andhra area, progress made towards educational development was appreciable. 1550 new Elementary Schools were opened in addition to the 1,829 schools opened under the scheme for “ the relief of educated unemployed” . 21 Secondary Schools, 12 new Arts Colleges, 1 Government Training College, 11 Basic Training Schools and 2 Special Schools for defec­ tive children have also been started. The Engineering Colleges at Kakinada and Anantapur were stabilised and imprQved at a cost of Rs. 37.66 lakhs. With a view to meet the requirements of technical personnel a new Engineering College has been started by the Andhra Uni­ versity at Waltair from 1955-56. A Post-Graduate Basic Training College was also established at Pentapadu. The number of Adult Schools rose from 536 at the beginning of the Plan to 2,658 at the end of the Plan; 26 High Schools were improved under the scheme of improvement of selected Secondary Schools and 23 selected Primary schools were developed as School-cum-Community Centres. 188

Some of the major recommendations of the Secondary Education Commission were implemented by the ; (i) estabhshment of 15 multi-purpose schools ; (ii) improvement of existing facilities for teaching science in 15 high schools. (Hi) improvement of teaching in 90 high schools ; (iv) improvement of school libraries in 15 multi­ purpose schools ; (v) development of school libraries in 100 high schools ; (vi) introduction of craft in 20 Middle Schools ; (mi) training of craft instructors at the Govern­ ment Training College, Nellore ; and (viii) conduct of refresher courses and seminars. Two Polytechnics, started at Vuyyuru and Kakinada prior to the First Plan were developed during the First Plan period. Six diploma courses in Automobile, Civil, Electrical,Mechanical and Radio Engineering and Fisheries Technolgy and Navigation have been started at the Andhra Polytechnic, Kakinada with normal admissions of 160 students per year. Three diploma courses in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering have been started at the Vuyyur Polytechnic wdth an annual admissions of 100. The Industrial School attached to the Polytechnic Kakinada has also been developed to impart training in five certificate courses viz., Auto-Servicing, Carpentry and Cabinet making, Electric Wiring, General Mechanics and Handloom Weaving with an intake capacity of 100. In addition to these courses a special course for the chil­ dren of the fishermen community in “ Fisheries Techno­ logy” was also offered. During the First Plan period, 771 diplomates have been turned out from these Poly­ technics. In the three Industrial Training Institutions at Vuyyru, Ananatapur and Kakinda, 504 students were receiv­ ing training in vocational and technical subjects. The courses offered in the three institutions are given below

Industrial Training Centre^ Vuyyur. Turners^ Fitters and Carpenters, 184

Industrial Training Institute, Kakinada.

Draughtsmen (Civil), Electrician, Mechanic (Instru­ ment), Mechanic (Motor), Mechanic (Radio), Cutting and Tailoring, Hand weaving of fancy fabrics and manufacture of Foot-Wear.

Industrial Training Institute, Anantapur.

Blacksmiths, Electricians Machinists, Fitters, Motor Mechanics, Turners and Welders.

The Industrial Training Centres at Hyderabad and Warangal also have been taken over from the Govt, of India.

The progress achieved, during the first plan period, in the Telangana area of the erstwhile Hyderabad State was not sepatately recorded. The First Plan envisaged the establishment of Primary Schools in all villages having a population of 500 and more and the opening of Voluntary Aided Primary Schools in villages having a population of less than 500 but where 30 students seeking education were available, which objective was, however, achieved by the end of the First Plan. At the end of the First Plan, in Telangna, there were about 7,000 Primary Schools with an enrolment of 5,04,285 at the Primary stage, 401 middle schools with an enrolment of 85,000 and 198 high schools and middle-cum-high schools, with an enrolment of 44,000. Each district was also provided with Secondary Teachers’ Basic Training School and one new Graduate Teachers’ Training College was opened at Warangal. Towards the improvement of technical educa­ tion a number of schools were re-organised and four new institutions viz., (1) Government School of Music and Dance, Hyderabad (2) Boy’s Technical High School, Secunderabad; (3) Domestic Science Training College Hyderabad; and (4) Central Crafts Institute, Hyderabad, were established. At the end of the First Plan, the total number of technical and vocational institutions situated in the Telangana region was 12 out of which 2 were Polytechnics, 2 were industrial Training Institutions, 3 were Girls’ Vocational Institutions and the rest miscella­ neous institutions, 185

To carry forward the developraent initiated during the First Plan, 22 schemes— 11 in Andhra and 11 in Telan- ana were formulated for implementation during the fecond Plan at a cost of Rs. 1,279.71 lakhs— Rs. 775.48 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 504.23 lakhs for Telangana. Central assistance to the extent of Rs. 532.127 lakhs is anticipated for financing these schemes. The break up of the Plan provision for each scheme can be seen from Appendix X X II.

During the Second Plan period, in the Andhra area, 16 new pre-primary schools are proposed to be opened besides the starting of a training school for pre-primary school teachers. At the beginning of the Second Plan period, the number of school age children of the age group 6-11 years was 27,45,933 out of which only 15,04,176 or about 54.8% were at school. During the plan period, it is proposed to increase enrolment of children of this age group by about 15% which would mean that 2,19,000 additional children will be provided with education. To meet the needs of this extra enrolment, 1,000 new schools will be opened and about 5,475 additional teachers will be appointed. The percentage of children under instruc­ tion will rise to 58.6 by the end of the Second Five-Year Plan. Out of the new schools proposed to be opened 50 per cent i.e.^ 500 will be of the basic pattern. In addition, it is proposed to convert 1/12th of the existing primary schools into basic schools during the plan period. In other words, 1,500 lower Elementary Schools will be converted into the basic pattern.

The estimated number of school age children of the age group 11-14 in the State at the beginning of the Second Plan period, was 14,93,787 out of which only 3,91,735 were in school. By the end of Plan period, an additional number of 80,950 children will be brought under instruc­ tion, raising the percentage of children under instruction to 29.6. Towards this, 60 new middle schools will be opened and 1,710 new sections will be added. It is also proposed to convert about 100 existing Higher Elemen­ tary Schools into Middle Schools. The additional teachers required for this purpose will be 2,250.

At the beginning of the Second Plan period, 1,22,565 pupils of the age group 14-17 were at school and by.the end of plan period, an additional number of 28,700 pupils 24 186 will be brought under instruction thus raising the percen­ tage of pupils of this age group, under instruction to 10.2. Fifteen High Schools are proposed to be converted into multi-purpose schools besides the starting of 5 New Higher Secondary Schools, 20 new High Schools and the conver­ sion of 80 existing high schools into Higher Secondary Schools. 620 new sections will also be added to the existing schools. Of the new schools proposed to be started 5 at least will be post basic schools. In order to provide trained teachers to the schools that are proposed to be converted into the basic pattern, 2 new basic training schools will be started. Adequate provision has been made for the improve­ ment of Arts and Science Colleges and for the develop­ ment of the Andhra and Venkateswara Universities in the Andhra area. It is proposed to improve the 3 Gov­ ernment Teachers’ Colleges for men and one Aided Train­ ing College for Women, besides the 2 B. Ed., sections attached to the Andhra Christian College, Guntur and M. R. College, Vijayanagaram. One research unit will also be opened in the Government Training College, Ra- jahmundry. The M. R. College of Music will also be improved during the plan period. Towards the development of Social Education im­ provements will be effected to the Libraries as well as Audio-Visual Education. A state physical Training College and a separate Physical Training section for women are also proposed to be opened during the plan period.

The A.C.C. and N.C.C. units will be expanded and a scout camping centre will be established. Some depart­ mental officers will also be sent abroad for higher train­ ing. The school for blind at Cuddapah and the school for deaf and dumb at Kakinada will be improved and private agencies which open similar schools for the phy­ sically handicapped will be given some financial assist­ ance.

With a view to improve facilities for technical educa­ tion two new Polytechnics will be started with provision for 5 courses and an annual intake of 140 in each. The first Polytechnic has already been started at Visakha- patnam with 3 diploma courses, to start with, in Civil, 187

Electrical and Mechanical Engineering with an annual intake of 100 seats in all. The Second new Polytechnic is proposed to be started from the ensuing academic ygar June/July 1957 at Tirupati where also the same courses as in Visakhapatnam will be started. Two Min­ ing Institutes giving instruction up to the Biploma level are being started at and Gudur with effect from 1957-58 with full assistance from the Centre. A polytechnic at Hyderabad has been started by a Private Managing body and this has been recognised by the Government. The Plan also provides fo r; (a) iip-grading the teaching staff of the existing Polytechnics and establishment of separate workshop staff in the Polytechnics; (?)) Reorganisation of Vuyyur Polytechnic (at another place) by constructing buildings and starting 2 adteional diploma courses and by acquiring the balance of equipment required for the existing three courses; and (c) completion of the establishment of the Andhra Polytechnic, Kakinada by purchasing the balance of equipment required for the existing diploma courses. The Plan also envisages provision of training for an additional number of 992 candidates under Craftsmen Training Schemes. 5 Principals and/or Inspectors will be trained during the plan period and 200 skilled crafts­ men win be given apprenticeship training. The State Board of Technical Education and Train­ ing for Andhra Pradesh has been constituted with the Minister for Education as Chairman and the Director of Technical Education and Training as Member—Secre­ tary. The following are the functions of the Board :—• (a) to advise the Government on the Co-ordinated development of technical education in the State at all levels. {b) To work in liaison with the Southern Regional CoTnmittee of the All India Council for Technical Edu­ cation in^trie formulation of schemes in the State. , (c) To affiliate or recognise institutions not con­ ducting University courses and prescribe courses of study for them. 1 8 3

(d) To inspect institutions periodically and ensun that th» standards of the courses and the instructiona facilities provided are satisfactory. (e) To conduct examinations and award diplomas and certificates conforming to the minimum standards prescribed by the All India Council for Technical Education. (/) To establish and develop Co-operative I’elation ships with Industry and Commerce. A separate Directorate of Technical Education an( Training has been constituted. In the Telangana area, it is proposed to start pre> Primary classes in 20 schools. It is also proposed to open 1,795 new single teacher primary schools and ap­ point 2,525 teachers in other schools for opening addi­ tional sections. This would provide facilities for 1,73,000 additional children of the age group 6-11, 595 primary schools will be converted into basic type. The pro­ gramme also envisages the construction of 8,4)80 new class rooms and erection of 595 sheds for the basic schools. The enrolment in the middle schools will be increased by 23,600 and the percentage of children of the age group 11-14* attending the schools will be increased from 14 at the beginning of the plan to 17 by the end of the plan by opening 70 middle schools and appointing 590 teachers in the new as well as existing schools. 590 class rooms will also be constructed and craft teaching will be introduced in 450 schools. The plan aims at the opening of 15 new Government High Schools at such of the Taluk Headquarters where facilities for high school education do not exist. 10 High Schools will alsc be converted into -multi-purpose schools and the teach­ ing of core subjects will be improved in 115 schools. The Graduate Teachers’ Training College will be reorganised during the Second Plan period and 85 school buildings and 115 new class rooms will also be constructed. It is ex­ pected that enrolment at the Higher Secondary stage will go up by 5,800 and the percentage of children of Jhe agc-group 14-17 attending schools will increase froir 9 to 10. One Janata College, one Childrens’ Library-cum- Museum and One Central Film Library and one unit foi the production of children’s literature will also be opened towards the development of Social Education. T© ensure 189 proper inspection of the new schools proposed to be opened during the Plan period, 30 Deputy Inspectors of Schools will be appointed. Provision has been made to provide jeeps to Inspectors of Schools and to strengthen the staff in view of the increased work in their offices. 49 Junior Army Wings, 4 Junior Air Wings, 9 Junior Girl Wings and 175 A.C.C. and N.C.C. imits will be started. 2,330 boy scouts, 595 girl guides 4,370 cubs and blue birds will be enrolled and 175 teachers will be given training in Physical Education. The plan also aims at the appointment of one teacher in each middle and High School, equipment of school libraries with Hindi books and production of children’s literature in Hindi and training of Hindi teachers to start evening classes for adults. The schools for the Blind and Deaf will be reorganised and a stadium and open air theatre will be constructed. Provision is also made to award Riyayati scholarships to children based on poverty merit basis. The Warangal Polytechnic will be developed by the introduction of diploma courses in mechanical and elec­ trical engineering of the National Certificate Standard. Under the scheme of expansion of training facilities for skilled craftsmen, a second shift will be introduced at the Central Crafts Institute, Hyderabad and Government Technical Training Centre, Nizamabad with provision for additional seats of 224 and 208 respectively . A new Technical Training Centre will also be established at W^arangal with 152 seats. A branch institution of the Government School of Music and Dance, Hyderabad will be established at Secunderabad. Existing institutions will also be developed by way of additional staff, equipment or construction of buildings and by way of Bursaries and Scholarships at enhanced scales, and rates. At the end ©f Second Plan the intake of pupils at various technical and vocational institutions in Telangana area will be increas­ ed by about 910. Provision has also been made for the development and improvement of under-graduate course in Osmania University and the development of post­ graduate teaching and research. Statement 18 will furnish the targets proposed under each scheifle during the Second Plan period in Andhra and Telangana regions. 190

S t a t e m e n t N o. 18 EDUCATION Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item 1Unit Target

(1) (2) (3 ) (4) (5 )

ANDHRA 1, Pre-primary Education .. Opening of (a) New'pre- Primary Schools. No. 10 (6) Training School for Pre-Primary School

Teachers 9i 1 2. Primary Education .. (a) New primary schools

(basic type) t9 600 (6) New primary schools

(non-basic type) 9t 500 (c) Addl. primary school

teachers 99 5,475 (d) Conversion of lower Elementary schools into

basic schools 99 1,500

(e) New middle schools .. 99 60

( /) New sections 99 1,710 (g) Conversion of Higher Elementary schools into

middle schools 99 100 (h) Addl. Middle school

teachers 99 2,250 (i) Enrolment of school going children of age

group 6-11 99 2,19,000 {j) Enrolment of school going children of age group 11-14 99 80,950 8. Secondary Education .. (a) Conversion of High Schools mto Multi­

purpose schools 99 15 (6) New Higher Secondary

schools 99 5 191

S t a t e m e n t N o . 18.—(Contd.)

EDUCATION.

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Narae"of the Scheme Target proposed ^0. Item / unit ! Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

8. Secondary Education.— (Contd.) (c) New High Schools .. No. 20 (d) Conversion of High Schools into Higher Sec. Schools .. ,, 80 ie) Post Basic Schools . . ,, i (/) Enrolment of School going children of age group 14-17 .. „ 28,700 ii) opening of New sections „ 620 4. Technical and Vocational {a) opeinng of new basic (Non-University) training schools. . . „ (b) improvement of accommodation etc,, to training schools University Education (i) Arts and Science Colleges Improvement of Arts and Science Colleges in res­ pect of accommodation and new courses ( ii) Training Colleges (а) improvement of train­ ing colleges (б) opening of Research Unit No.

6. Higher Professional and Tech­ (a) Maintenance of nical Institutions. Engineer­ Engineering College, ing Colleges. Waltair [b) Maintenance of shortened diploma courses in the Engineer­ ing colleges at Kakinada and Anantapur ro2

S t a t e m e n t No. 18.—(Contd.)

EDUCATION.

Targets proposed f 07' the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1 ) (2 ) (8 ) (4) ( 5 )

7. Social Education . {a) improvements to libraries (6) improvements of Audio-visual Education 8. Physical Education . (a) Opening of state physical training college No. (6) opening of a separate physical training sec­ tion for women 9. Miscellaneous (a) strengthening of the Inspectorate and ap­ pointment of additional staff in the Offices under ‘ Direction ’ .. Staff Scheri {b) improvement of scouting (c) Establishment of Scout camping centre No. (d) expansion of A.C.C. and N.C.C. (e) seminars and Ref­ resher courses (f) Deputation of depart mental personnel abroad for higher training (g) propagation of Hindi 10. Welfare of the physically (a) improvement of the handicapped. schools for the blind at Cuddapah 193

S t a t e m e n t N o . 18.— (Contd.)

EDUCATION.

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

-SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed

Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

10. Welfare of the physicallay (b) improvement of the handicapped.—(Contd.) school for Deaf and Dumb at Kakinada • (c) State aid to private agencies . No. 1 or 2

.1. Technical Education (1) completion of the esta­ (a) purchase of balance of blishment of Andhra equipment required for Polytechnic, Kakinada. Diploma courses • {b) appointment of addi­ tional lecturers . No. 1

(2) Starting of a polytechnic (a) starting of courses . No. 5 at Visakhapatnam (6) annual admissions 140

(3) Starting of a Polytechnic (a) starting of courses • 99 5 at Tirupati

(b) annual admissions . 99 140

(4) Reorganisation of (a) construction of Vuyyuru Polytechnic buildings (b) starting of new courses . No. 2 (c) purchase of balance equipment

(5) Revision of the scales of Staff schemes. pay of teaching staff in ] the existing polytechnics and provision for separate workshop staff.

25 194

St a t e m e n t N o . 18.— (Contd.) EDUCATION. Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

------i SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No, Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

TELANGANA. 1. Pre-primary Education .. Starting of pre-primary classes .. .. No. 20 2. Primary Education .. (a) opening of new single teacher primary schools „ 1,79a (6) appointment of addi­ tional teachers for opening additional sec­ tions (c) conversion of pri­ mary schools into basic schools (d) construction of new class rooms Erection of sheds for ba­ sic schools .. {e) enrolment of school going children of age group 6-11 .. (/) increase of facilities for training of primary school teachers. (^) construction of buil­ dings and hostels for training schools. 8. Lower Secondary Education . (a) opening of new mid­ dle schools 7 (6) appointment of addi­ tional teachers (c) construction of class rooms 59 {d) introduction of craft training in schools {e) enrolment of school going children 28,60 195

St a t e m b n t N o . 1 8 .—(Contd,)

EDUCATION. Targtti proposed for the Second Plaii & Si. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (3) («) (4) (5)

4. Higher Secondary .. (a) opening of High Schools ♦. .. No* U (&) conversion of High Schools into Multi-pur­ pose Schools ,. „ 10 (c) improvement of teach­ ing of core subjects in schools «f »t lis {d) improvement of lib­ raries in schools .. „ 116 (e) construction of school buildings .. « 85 ( /) construction of class rooms • * »» 115 {g) reorganisation of graduate teachers train­ ing college .. (h) enrolment of school- going children at the Higher Secondary Stage. 5,800 B. Social Education .. (а) opening of Janata college 1 (б) opening of children’s library-cum-museum .. 1 (c) opening of Central Film Library 1 (d) opening of one unit for production of children’s literature ,. Administration (a)’ appointment of De­ puty Inspectors of Schools 80 196

Statement No. 18.^{Contd.)

EDUCATION.

Targets proposed for"Jhe Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

( 1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

6. Administration.—(Contd.) {b) provision of Jeeps to Inspectors of schools . (c) strengthening of staff to the Offices of Direc­ tor of Public Instruc­ tion and Inspectors of Schools Staff Schemes 7. Physical Education (a) starting of Junior Army Wings No. 49 (6) starting of Junior Air

Wings 99 4 (c) starting of Junior

Girl Wings .. 99 9 (d) starting of N.C.C. and

A.C.C. Units.. 99 175 {e) enrolment of boy

scouts 99 2,880 (/) enrolment of girl

guides 99 595

{ g ) enrolment of cubs and

blue birds .. . . . 99 4,870 j {h) training of teachers

in physical Education . 99 175 8. Miscellaneous (a) appointment of Hindi One teach-j teachers. er in each Middle ! and Higl^ School. 1 (6) equipment of the school libraries with Hindi books. (c) production of child­ ren’s literature in Hindi. 197

Statem ent No. 18.—{Contd.)

EDUCATION.

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

Name of the Scheme Target proposed N Item Unit Target

:i) (2) (8) (4) (5)

(d) training of Hindi teachers. {e) starting of evening classes for adults. (/) reorganisation of the school for Blind and Deaf. {g) construction of Stadi­ No. um. {h) opening of theatre. {i) award of Riyayati scholarships. University Education a) development and im­ provement of under gra­ duate course. (6) development of post­ graduate teaching and research. (c) construction of build­ ings and other schemes. Technical Education. (1) Development of Warangal Introduction of Diploma Polytechnic, additional staff, courses in Mechanical equipment and construction and Electrical Engineer­ of a new building & sheds. ing

(а) admissions No. 30 in each course. (б) starting of new craft courses-admissions. No. 90 (c) purchase of equipment. (d) construction of Govt. Buildings and sheds. 198

S t a t k ic s n t N o . 18—(Contd.)

EDUCATION

Target proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item No. Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

10. Technical Education—{Contd.) (2) Govt. Tecbmcal college (a) purchase of equipment provision for equipment and construction of a new build- (d){d) construction of a No. 1 ing. new building. (8) Expansion of training (a) introduction of second No. 224 facilities for skilled craftsmen shift in central crafts under labour Ministry’s institute, Hyderabad, to Schemes. provide additional seats. (i>) introduction of second No. 208 shift in Govt. Training centre, Nizamabad for additional seats. (4) Administratiou Appointment of some more Staff officers and staff Schem under the Joint Direc­ tor of Public Instruction. (5) Miscellaneous schemes (a) purchase of equip­ ment for Govt, college for Fine Arts. {b) sanction of additional staff for Govt. College Staff of Fine Arts. Schem (c) establishment of Branch Institutions at Secunderabad for (Jovt. School of Music and Dance, admissions. No. 60 (0) Development of Domestic (а) additional staft Staff Schti Science Training College. (б) equipment (c) construction of hostel building. (7) Provision for Scholarships Award of Bursaries and scholarships at enhanced scales and rates. 199

C h a p te r XXV

MEDICAL

In a country where the general level of health is too low due to malnutrition and other factors, any programme of development towards better health should lay greater emphasis on the curative side. In fact, till the general level of health is considerably raised by an increase in the standard of living the curative aspect of health programme will be all the more important. The number of medical institutions at the beginning of the First Plan was too small to provide any reasonable standard of medical service to the people and more so to the people in rural areas. While the creation of more hospital facilities was thus needed, the resources at the disposal of the Government were not equal to meet the needs. Added to this, the extreme dearth of technical personnel also created a problem in the speedy execution of schemes.

However, during the First Plan, in Andhra area, a programme for the development of medical facilities was initiated and was fairly successful. To provide adequate number of doctors to man the various hospitals to be started, the annual admissions in the Andhra Medical College was increased from 65 to 125. The bed strength of the king George Hospital was increased to 1,000 with the construction of 8 medical blocks. A Pharmacology block was also completed in addition to the expansion of the Anatomy block. A regional Laboratory was established in Andhra Medical College Visakhapatnam and new Departments like the Department of Social and Preventive medicine and Paediatric Department were started. In the Guntur Medical College, Clinical courses were organised and the bed strength of the General Hospital has been increased to 850. Additional departments for Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Eye, E.N.T., Orthopaedics, Tuberculosis, Venereal and Skin diseases were opened. The construction of a new District Headquarters Hospital at Eluru was taken up and completed. 14 Taluk Head­ quarters Hospitals were improved and their bed strength increased. During the plan period 285 compounders, 66 midwives and 50 nurses were trained and 86 Primary Health Centres were opened in rural areas. The local 2 0 0 fund dispensaries at Addathigala, Rampachodavaram, Punganur and Razole were provincialised with a view to their efficient working. Two Leprosy subsidiary centres-one at Tirupati and the other at Ramachandra- puram-were started. Tuberculosis clinics were established in all District Head Quarters Hospitals and certain Taluk Head Quarters Hospitals were provided with screening facilities. The General Hospital, Kurnool was developed in view of the importance of the town as the temporary Capital of Andhra and 3 special departments- Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology-were erea- ted each being in-charge of a specialist. A thoracic surgery unit, a Blood Bank and a family planning clinic were also opened at Kurnool. Family Planning Clinics were organised at Kakinada, Visakhapatnam and Guntur. Employees State Insnrance Scheme was inaugurated in Andhra in the year 1955 in 7 industrial centres for pro­ viding free medical treatment to the insured persons. 7 full-time insurance dispensaries were established at Visakhapatnam, Nellimarla, Guntur, Eluru, Vijayawada and Chittivalasa and a part-time dispensary at Mangalagiri. Considerable progress was also recorded during the First Plan Period in the Telangana Region of the former Hyderabad State.

The general aim of the medical programmes during the Second Five Year Plan is to expand existing medical services so as to bring them increasingly within the reach of all the people.

The specific objectives are :— (i) establishment of institutional facilities to serve as bases from which services can be rendered to the people both locally and in surrounding territories ; and (it) development of technical man-power through appropriate training programmes and employment for persons trained.

In providing hospital facilities the aspects to be kept in view are quantity, distribution, integration and quality. An effective regional system of hospitals would include 4 district elements viz. the teaching hospital, the district hospital, the taluk hospital and the rural medical centres associated with the health unit. A co-ordinated hospital system with its free _ 201 .

flow of medical services should help to provide satis­ factory medical care both in Urban and Rural areas. While the creation of more hospital facilities is urgently needed, in view of the high cost of these services, it is important to develop the existing.hosp tals and make them both efficient and economic. In the existing * hospitals problems relating to staffing, accommodation, equipment and supplies should naturally receive a high priority. With these objectives in veiw, the medical plan of Andhra Pradesh contemplates the implementation of 63 schemes—44 in Andhra and 19 in Telangana at a total cost of Rs. 578.10 lakhs-Rs. 217.26 lakhs for Telangana and Rs. 360.84 lakhs for Andhra. An amount of Rs. 133.69 lakhs is expected by way of grants from the Centre for implementing these schemes. Appendix X X III will furnish the details of the provision made for each scheme included in the second plan both in Andhra and Telangana areas.

ANDHRA

During the Second Plan, the following additional buildings will be provided for the Andhr Medical College and King George Hospital. (i) New Anatomy block. (ii) Expansion of the out-patient block. (Hi) Mortuary. {iv) Additions to the obstetrics and gynaecology block. (i;) Quarters for House Surgeons, internees and quarters for pupil midwives. (vi) Additional hostel for under-graduates.

A Second floor will be constructed over the Pathology department of the Guntur Medical College besides put­ ting up an Assembly hall. The bed strength of the General Hospital Kumool will be increased from 250 to 500 and additional buildings for the out-patient-cum- administrative block, special ward and paediatric ward will be provided. 50 students annually will be admitted tn the Kumool Medical College and clinical classes will be organised from the year 1958. 26 202

A chain of 100 Primary Health Centres will be started of which 55 will be in C.D. blocks of the State. A new hospital will be constructed at Anantapur besides effect­ ing improvements to the District Headquarters hospital, Cuddapah. The bed strength of the District Head­ quarters hospitals Eluru, Masulipatnam, Chittoor and Cuddapah will be inreased. In addition to the con­ struction of a 100 beded hospital at Vijayavada and 25 beded hospital at Amalapuram the bed strength of all the Taluk Headquarters Hospitals will be increased. During the Second Plan period it is proposed to expand Tuberculosis control measures by the establishment of Anti-T.B. Demonstration and Training Centre, After Care and Rehabilitation Centre, 10 Tuberculosis Clinics, 700 isolation beds in T.B. hospitals and District Head­ quarters hospitals. Tuberculosis clinics will be established in Taluk hospitals also. The Anti Tuberculosis and Demon­ stration and Training Centre will train necessary per­ sonnel to man all the Tuberculosis schemes in the State.

Two Regional Laboratories at Guntur and Kurnool and 6 District laboratories will be started. It is also proposed to open one Mental Hospital and Psychiatric clinic, one Dental College and 13 Dental Clinics, besides the starting of 4 Infectious diseases hospital at Visakapat- nam, Guntur, Tirupathi and Badrachalam, 8 leprosy clinics, 11 Venereal clinics and one child guidance and Psychiatric clinic. 29 urban Family Planning Clinics and 117 rural Family Planning Clinics will come into existence in the Second Plan period. 13 E.N.T. Clinics and 13 eye clinics will also be strated during the Plan Period and provision has been made for the system of indigenous medicine and research in Ayurveda.

With the loss of Madras city to the former Andhra State certain facilities originally available at the king Institute, Guindy for Pathological, bacteriological and Bio-chemical investigations, water, food and drug analysis were lost and hence it is proposed to develop the Central Laboratories at Hyderabad. A number of training programmes is also envisaged and an additional number of 165 Assistant Surgeons, 69 Technicians, 495 compounders, 568 Mid-wives, 275 nurses, 135 Auxiliary nurse Mid-wives, 48 refractionists and opticians, 200 Auxiliai^ Health Workers, 24 laboratory Assistants and 6 public Health Nurses will be trained. 208

All these schemes will increase the number of hospitals from 171 to 178 and the number of beds from 4,300 to 6,000. The number of urban and rural dispensaries will rise to 462 at the end of the Plan from 419 at the ^ beginning of the Plan. Likewise, the number of Primary Health Centres will be increased from 36 to 136.

TELANGANA

The Second Plan for Telangana area envisages the construction of a new Osmania Medical College in 10 acres of land in Women’s College site and expansion of the Osmania General Hospital. It also envisages constiuction of the Gandhi Medical College and expansion of the K.E.M. hospital with a view to convert it into a teaching hospital. The bed-strength of Radium Insti­ tute will be further increased and it will be provided with up-to-date equipment and additional staff. Sub­ sidised medical practitioners will be appointed in revenue firkas where there are at present no medical facilities. Taluk and District hospitals will be expanded and provided with adequate medical facilities. T.B. Clinics will be established in all District Headquar­ ters hospitals and in addition isolation beds will be provided in all District Headquarters hospitals. An ^nti-Tuberculosis Demonstration and training Centre will also be established. 12 Laboratory and X-ray technicians will be trained and 9 dental clinics, 9 Vene- jftal Diseases Clinics and 9 Leprosy Control clinics will R opened.

By the end of the Second Plan period though the number of hospitals is not expected to rise, the number of beds will rise from 5,080 at the beginning of the Plan period to 6,000 by the end of the Plan period. The |iumber of Rural and Urban dispensaries by the end of the Plan period will be 320 as against 200 at the begin­ ning of the Plan.

It is also proposed to establish an Ayurvedic hospital consisting of 150 beds during the Second Plan period. I > i Statement 19 will furnish details of targets proposed to be achieved under each scheme in both Andhra and fTelangana regions during the Second Plan Period. 204

S t a t e m e n t No. 19. MEDICAL Targets proposed for the Second Plan,

S. No. Name of the Schemc Target Proposed

Item Unit Targeti

(1) (2) (8) (5)

ANDHRA 1. Improvements to Andhra Me­ Construction of Buildings dical College and K.G. Hos­ (a) New Anatomy Block No. pital, Visakhapatnam (b) Mortuary .. No. (c) Quarters for house sur- .. geons, internees, pupil midwives. (d) Additional hostels for under Graduates. (e) Expansion of the outpatient blocks 2. Upgrading of Pathology De­ partment in Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam. 8. Guntur Medical College (a) Construction of Second floor over the pa­ thology Dept. (&) Construction of Assembly hall 4. Government General Hospital, Guntur 5. Government General Hospital (a) Increase of bed No. Kurnool strength (b) Construction of out- * patient-cum-Admi- nistration block Special ward block, paediatric wards etc. Medical College, Kurnool . (a) Opening of Medical College (b) Admission of students No. per year 7. Training of Asst. Surgeons . Assistant Surgeons No. 8. Training of Technicians . Technicians. 9. Training of additional com­ Compounders pounders 205

State m en t N o. 19—{Contd.)

MEDICAL

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

10. Training of Additional Mid­ Midwives No. 568 wives. 11. Do Nurses .. Nurses »» 275 12. Improvements to District (a) Hospitals in which bed „ 4 Headquarters Hospitals strength will be in­ creased (&) construction of new „ 1 hospitals (c) Improvements to the „ 1 existing hospitals 18. Improvements to Taluk Head- (a) construction of new » 2 quarters Hospitals hospitals (6) increase of bed stren­ gth in all the Taluk Headquarters Hospitals. 14. Provincialisation of Local Fund Institutions w: Upgrading of Department of Social and Preventive Medi­ cine, Guntur L6. Upgrading of History of Medi­ cine Department L7. Improvements to Mental Hos­ pital, Waltair Rs, District Laboratories and Re- (a) Regional Laboratories No. 2 gional Laboratories (6) District Laboratories No. C 19. Tuberculosis Clinics .. T.B. Clinics. .. .. No, 18 10. Family Planning .. Family Planning clinics I (a) urban .. No. 29 I (6) rural .. .. No. 117 i. Training of Auxiliary Nurse Nurse Midwivcs .. No. 185 Midwives. 206

Statement No. 19—(Contd.)

MEDICAL

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

SI. Name of the Scheme ^Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (3) (5)

1 22. Training of Refractionists and Refractionists and opti­ No. 48 opticians cians. 23. Training of Auxiliary Health Auxiliary Health Workers No. 200 Workers 24. Training of Laboratory Assis­ Laboratory Assistants .. No. 24 tants 25. Training of Public Health Health Nurses No. 6 Nurses

26. Establishment of full-time • • • • units in Andhra Medical Col­ lege, Visakhapatnam and Guntur Medical College.

27. Upgrading of Headquarters • • • « Hospitals for internee train­ ing 28. Primary Health Centres .,, Primary Health Centres No. 100 29. Mental Hospitals and Psychia- Clinics No. 1 trie clinics. 30. Special Diet Kitchen , Kitchen No. 1 31. Opening of Dental Colleges (a) CoUege No. 1 and dental Clinics (b) Clinics.. No. 13 32. State Medical Research , • • 33. Public Health Laboratory of Development of the Central .. King Institute type Laboratories at Hyder­ abad. 34. Tuberculosis Isolation Beds .., Isolation Beds No. 700 35. Control of Leprosy Clinics. No. 8 86. Venereal clinics .. Clinics. No. 11 37. Anti T.B., Demonstration T.B. demonstration centre No. 1 centre and after care and Rehabilitation Centre .. No. 1 Rehabilitation Centre 38. Child guidance clinics and Clinic*. No. 1 psychiatric clinics 20T

St a te m e n t N o. lQ—(Contd.)

MEDICAL

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

89. Infectious disease Hospital Hospitals. .. .. No. 2 at Visakhapatnam and Cuntur.

40. School Health Services • • • • , * 41. Infectious disease Hospital I.D. Hospitals. » • .. No. 2 at Tirupati and Bhadra- chalam. 42. ENT Clinics Clinics. .. No. 18 48. Eye Clinics “ .. do .. No. 18 44. System of Indigenous Medicine and Research in Ayurveda.

TELANGANA

1. Upgarding^of Medical College * • • • • • •• •• and Osmania General ifospital. 2. Upgrading of K.E.M. Hospital and opening of Gandhi Medical College. Establishment of Department of * ‘ Social and Preventive Medicine in Medical Colleges. 4. Training of Laboratory Assistants , X-ray Technicians .. No. 12 Technicians, Medico-social & occupational Therapists. 5. Nurses’ Training School Building .. No. 1 6. Radium Institute • • 7. Upgrading of District Hospi- •• • • •• tds.

8. Upgrading of Taluk Dispensaries .. • • 9. Increasing the allotment of medicines, instruments, equipment and diet and up­ ► grading of Medical Stores. 208

Sta t e m e n t N o. \Q—{Contd.)

MEDICAL

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

10. Upgrading of Dental Hospitals (a) Hospitals No. 1 and clinics. (6) Clinics. • • »» 9

11. Appointment of Medico-social Medico-social workers • • 99 6 Workers 12. Subsidised Medical Practitioners • f • • 18. Expansion of Domiciliary Clinics .. No. 9 Tuberculosis campaign.

14. Venereal Diseases control 99 • • $$ 9

15. Establishment of Spl. diet Special diet Kitchen • • 99 1 Kitchen in Osmania Hospital. 16. Employment of occupational Occupational therapists • • fJ 6 therapists 17. Public Health Laboratory * • • • • • 18. Leprosy control .. Clinics .. No. 9 19. Establishment of Indian Medicine Bed strength.. No. 150 Dispensary. 209

Ch a p t e r XXV I

PUBLIC HEALTH

In terms of resources for economic development, no- thing can be considered of higher importance than the health of the people which is a measure of their energy and capacity as well as of the potential of man-power for productive work in relation to the total number of persons maintained by the Nation. In India, the state of Public Health is low and is reflected in the wide prevalence of disease and the high rate of mortality in the Community as a whole and in particular among vulnerable groups such as children and women in their reproductive age period. The output of the indus­ trial worker and the productive capacity of the agricul­ tural worker is comparatively low. The loss caused by morbidity, in working time, is also enormous and to this must be added the expenditure to the individual and to the State in the provision of medical care. The causes of this low state of health are many. The lack of hygienic environment conducive to healthful living, low resistence which is primarily due to lack of adequate diet and poor nutrition, lack of proper housing, safe water supply, proper removal of human wastes and the lack of medical care, curative and preventive, are some of the more important factors, besides lack of general and health education and low economic status.

During the First Plan Period, programmes for health development were taken up with a view to remove some of the serious impediments to progress. In Andhra area, a school for the training of Health Visitors was opened in December 1954 for training 12 candidates a year but only 5 candidates with the requisite qualification liave sought admission and they have completed their training in May 1956. One Health unit with a Mater­ nity Home attached was started during 1953-54 at Simhachalam to afford training facilities to the student Sanitary Inspectors at the Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam. The Health Unit which was a restricted scheme covering a population of about 22,000 has been up-graded into a Rural Health Centre during March 1955 covering a population of about 45,000 in conjunc­ tion with the Department of Social and preventive medicine, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, to 37 2 1 0 provide increased field training facilities to the pupil Sanitary Inspectors, Medical under-graduates and other Health Personnel such as Health Visitors, Maternity Assistants etc. By the end of the First Plan Period, there were 34 anti-malaria schemes in operation of which 16 were functioning in the agency areas. A Rural Sanitation Unit which is an advisory and consultative Unit under an Executive Engineer (P.H.) was established at the Office of the Director of Public Health to evolve designs for latrines and water supplies for rural areas. Suitable designs of private house latrines and public latrines in the rural areas were drawn up, printed and distributed to Local Bodies and Collectors for guidance in the execution of their schemes in the Community Project, Community Development and National Ex­ tension Service Blocks. The Regional Nutrition Unit which was working with Headquarters at Anantapur was shifted to the Community Project area in East Godavari District and later moved to Visakhapatnam to carry out field surveys in connection with Beri- Beri Research Scheme. The Epidemic control-cum-pro- paganda van catered to the needs of the State by trans­ porting cases needing hospitalization and transporting medicines, etc., during times of epidemics. ,The van was also used during other times,forHealth propaganda and publicity purposes. Five old jeeps were replaced by new ones and six new jeeps were supplied to the other districts so that, by the end of the First Plan, each district had a jeep for carrying out prophylactic and preventive measures for prevention of epidemic diseases on account of food scarcity and in case of out-breaks of epidemic diseases to mobilise quickly and concentrate Health Staff and equipment in the aff'ected areas. Under the National Filaria Control programme one Control Demon­ stration unit and 2 survey units were started. Till the end of the First Plan, Surveys had been conducted in 41 panchayats and all the Municipalities in the districts of East Godavari and West Godavari and Control opera­ tions were also in progress in the Community Project area. The B.C.G. Vaccination campaign was inaugura­ ted in October, 1954 and by the end of the First Plan 6 teams were in operation which tested 18 lakhs of people and vaccinated 6.23 lakhs of persons. The Anti-Yaws campaign was started in December, 1954 in the taluks of Nugur, Bhadrachalam and Polavaram and by the clos^ of the Plan Period 2,42 lakhs of persons were 2 ll

fexamined for yaws and 1.16 lakhs of persons were detec­ ted and treated with P.A.M. In their own houses, 3,332 intimate contacts were also additionally protected by P.A.M. Therapy. Eight Maternity and Child Welfare Centres were opened in the rural backward areas of Visakhapatnam, West Godavari, Krishna, Nellore, Chittoor, Cuddapah, Anantapur and Kurnool Districts und^r the scheme sponsored by the Ministry of Health, Government of India.

In Andhra area, 16 water supply schemes and 2 drainage schemes were also taken up but only one water supply scheme viz., Narsaraopet Water Supply Scheme was completed by the end of the First Plan period. Under the National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Programme, Water Supply in 20 villages and sanitation works in about 5 villages were started by the end of the First Plan Period.

In the Telangana area, during the First Plan, 2 Dais Training Centres were established at Nizamabad and Warangal districts and a scheme for hostel accommoda­ tion for Health Visitors, Midwives, Nurse-Midwives and Dais was sanctioned and implemented in Nizamabad, Warangal, Hyderabad and Secunderabad cities. One anti-Malaria Unit was organised at Laknawaram in Warangal district and financial assistance was given to the Leprosy Investigation and treatment Centre, Zahirabad. The Princess Niloufer Hospital, a Bureau of environmental Hygiene and a Bureau of Births, Deaths and Marriages were established in Hyderabad City besides the opening of a Central Medical and Public Health Library in the Public Health Directorate. Ma­ ternity and Child Welfare Centres and Health units were established and Village Medicine boxes were dis­ tributed in the villages. Schemes for remodelling Hyder­ abad Water Works, Karimnagar Water supply and Tandur Water Supply have been initiated during the First Plan Period. However, no scheme under the National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Programme was implemented in the Telangana region during the First Plan Period.

The National policy for drawing out health progra­ mmes during the Second Five-Year Plan is to expand existing health services, to bring them increasingly within the reach of all the people and to promote a m progressive improvement in the level of national health. The specific objectives are: (1) establishment of institutional facilities to serve as bases from which services can be rendered to the people both locally and in surrounding territories; (2) development of technical manpower through appropriate training programmes and employment of persons trained ; (3) as the first step in the improvement of public health, institution of measures to control communicable diseases which may be widely prevalent in a Community ; (4) an active campaign for environmental hygiene ; and (5) family planning and other supporting programmes for raising the standard of health of the people.

The State Public Health programmes during the Se­ cond Plan clearly follow these national objectives. In all, 52 schemes are proposed for implerrientation during the Second Plan—38 in Andhra and 14 in Telangana— at a cost of Rs. 522.47 lakhs— Rs. 367.82 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 154.65 lakhs for Telangana. Central assistance to the tune of Rs. 282.805 lakhs is expected to be available for financing these schemes. The finan­ cial break-up of the plan provisions for each scheme in Andhra and Telangana regions will be found in Appendix X X IV —The salient features of the Health programmes in the State during the Second Plan are detailed below :

ANDHRA

Malaria is the most important public health problem in India and hence it was given topmost priority in the National Planning. In Andhra, Malaria Control pro­ gramme has been one of the principal health programmes during the First Five-Year Plan and 2 Control Units were in operation. During the Second Plan also, it is proposed to add 2 more Control Units to afford protec tion to about 4 million persons exposed to risk of Malaria. As nutrition is the most important single factor in the maintenance of health and resistance to disease, one regional nutrition unit was established during the First m

Plan which was combating mal-nutrition and conducting Research in Beri-Beri. It is proposed to establish one more unit for Rayalaseema area during Second Plan. It is of the greatest importance that all available modern methods of publicity should be used to dissemi­ nate health knowledge. And so, a Central Health Edu­ cation (Propaganda and Publicity) Bureau will be located in the office of the Director of Public Health. The mea­ sures initiated to control epidemics, during the First Plan will be continued during the Second Plan also. A programme of tuberculosis control by B.C.G. Vaccina­ tion was begun during the First Plan by the starting of one Central Administration Unit and 6 field teams. These units will be continued and the campaign comple­ ted all over the State during the Second Plan. A nucleus Public Health Engineering organisation which was es­ tablished during the First Five-Year Plan will be conti­ nued during the Second Plan to shape and evolve suitable designs for improvement of environmental hygiene.

One of the serious difficulties to be overcome in the implementation of Public Health Programme is the shortage of personnel and shortages in personnel other than doctors have been more marked. As there was no response for the existing years course for Health Visi­ tors from candidates with midwifery qualifications, an integrated course of years for training raw school- final candidates has been started during the Second Plan and 260 candidates will be trained during the Plan Period. 1,800 Dais will also be trained during this period with the U.N.I.C.E.F. assistance by way of teach­ ing sets, cycles, etc., to enable the country midwives to pursue their profession adopting asceptic methods in the conduct of labour. The plan contemplates the training of 10 General trained Nurses in Public Health Nursing at the All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health at Calcutta. As it is also essential that different types of auxiliary workers should have opportunties to rise in their own respective branches to higher grades of pro­ fessional and administrative posts, provision has been made for enabling them to undertake further training. 5 Assistant Directors of Public Health and 5 Class I Health Officers will be sent abroad for higher training in Public Health; 30 Health Officers will be trained for Diploma in Public Health and 30 more will be given orientation training in Public Health; 25 Health 2U

Officers will be trained in specialities five in each of the subjects viz. Malariology, Industrial Hygiene, Leprosy, T.B. and Nutrition; 60 General Trained Nurses will also receive training in Orientation course in Public Health Visiting. A rural Health Centre will be started in Guntur district to serve as a field Training Centre for the pupil Sanitary Inspectors of the Guntur Medical College.

During the Second Plan there will be 2 additional control units to carry on the work under National Filaria Control Programme.

A Central Malaria Laboratory and Museum will be established to afford traiuiug facilities for the Health personnel employed in the Malaria Control Schemes in the State and also provide Research facilities. A Central Nutrition Laboratory and Museum will also be establish­ ed to afford training and Research facilities, to the Health personnel of this State, which were lost on account of partition of the Composite Madras State. During the Plan Period, the compilation of vital statistics at the office of the Director of Public Health will be mechanis­ ed. Water-borne and other allied diseases are responsi­ ble for a large incidence of mortality and morbidity in the Community, which can be brought under Control by establishing protected water supply and sanitary methods of excreta disposal. During the Second Plan, 15 spill over urban water supply schemes and 2 drainage schemes will be continued besides two new schemes viz,^ Proddatur Water Supply improvements scheme and Eluru Sewerage schemes. Besides these, the Visakha- patnam water supply improvements scheme (new Gosthani Source) which is outside the State Plan will also be continued.

The 4 units started during the First Plan Period under National Water Supply and Sanitation Pro­ grammes will be continued during the Second Plan and 3 more units will be taken up to provide protected water supply and sanitation facilities in rural areas. Out of the amount of Rs. 57’ 24 lakhs set apart for the execution of Rural Water Supply Scheme in Andhra Region, a sum of Rs. 4*00 lakhs is earmarked for providing water supply 215 facilities to the 2 pilgrim centres at Bhadrachalam and Srisailam. To cope up with the increased demand of personnel required for implementation of Second Five-Year Plan Schemes, 4 Officers for the Degree course and 4 for the short course in Public Health Engineering are proposed to be deputed for training every year during the Second Plan Period. TELANGANA During the Second Plan, a special branch will be established in the Directorate of Public Health to attend to the increased work arising out of the various develop­ ment activities. With a view to provide trained per­ sonnel 120 Health Visitors, midwives and nurses would be trained. In the Telangana region, 66 Medical and Health units will be opened and the fever hospital in Hyderabad City will be up-graded to provide more faci­ lities for inpatient accommodation. 108 village medi­ cine boxes will also be distributed during the Second Plan Period. Provision has been made in the Plan for the supply of D.D.T. and equipment for the existing 3 National Malaria Control Units. It is proposed to es­ tablish 3 control and 1 survey unit to intensify control of filariasis in the endemic zones of Nizamabad, Mahbub- nagar, Medak and Karimnagar districts. During the the Plan period, 6 Maternity and Child Welfare Centres will be opened in the backward areas. School cli­ nics will be established and full time medical officers appointed at the District Headquarters of each district whose sole duty will be to examine and treat school children in the District Headquarters as well as taluks and villages. 2 more Family Planning Clinics are pro­ posed to be added one in Warangal and the other in Nizamabad district. In order to arouse health cons­ ciousness among the people of the rural areas the plan provides for 2 Publicity vans with propaganda materials. Under the National Water Supply and Sanitation Programme the 2 spill over units at Kattedan and Gad- wal will be continued and new units, the number of which has not yet been determined, will also be started The details of schemes together with the targets proposed to be achieved during the Second Plan Period will be found jn Statement 20, 216

St a te m e n t N o. 20 PUBLIC HEALTH Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item No. Target

(1) (2) (3 ) (4) (3 )

ANDHRA 1. Expansion of Malaria Bureau Contorl units. No. 2 2. Nutrition Research Nutrition unit. 1 8. Health propaganda and publi­ Health Education section. 1 city. 4. Measures for the prevention of Epidemic Vans 10 Epidemic Diseases. 5. B.C.G. vaccination campaign,. Field teams „ 6* Central Administrative 1* 6. Rural Sanitation Unit Unit. Staff Scheme 7. Training of Health Visitors .. Health visitors .. „ 26Q 8. National Filaria control pro­ Control units .. „ gramme. 9. Training of Dais .. Dais. .. •. »» 1,800! 10. Training of Public Health and 1. Health Officers. „ 90i Auxiliary Health personnel. 2. Asstt. Directors. ,, 3. Medical Officers. „ 10 4. Health Inspectors. „ 20 5. General Trained Nurses „ 60 6. Health Visitors. „ 10 11. Training of General Trained General Trained Nurses 10 Nurses in Public Health Nursing. 12. Establishment of central Laboratory and Museum Malaria Laboratory and Museum. 13. Establishment of central Laboratory and Museum Nutrition Laboratory and Museum. 14. Training of sanitary Inspectors Rural Health Centre . of Guntur Medical College. 15. Training of Sanitary Inspectors Rural Health centre . at Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam. 16. Vital Statistics and Health Sta­ tistics—Mechanisation and compilation of vital statistics. Staff Scheme

♦These were already opened during the First Five-year Plan and they being continuedjduring the second Five-year Plan, 217

S tate m en t N o. 20

PUBLIC HEALTH

* Targets proposed for the Sec'ond Plan.—(Contd.) r' - Name of the Scheme Target proposed Sfo, Item Unit Target

(1 (2) (3) (4) (5)

TELANGANA i. lAaison Officei foi Five-Year Staff Scheme Plan. 2. Training of Health Personnel.., Health Visitors, Midwives No. 120 and Nurses. Establisiment of Medical and Medical and Health Units ,, 66 Health Units. I. Upgrading of Fever Hospital . • • j J. Health Education Schemes .. Publicity vans .. No. 2

J. Village Medicine Boxes Village Medicine Boxes. No. 108 r. National Malaria Control Control Units .. „ 8

National Filaria Control (i) survey units. „ 1 » (ii) Control units. 8 Maternitjr and child welfare Maternity and child health centres in Backward areas. centres. „ 6 ! School Health Clinics Clinics .. .. »» 9 Family Welfare centres New Centres .. „ 2 Old Centre ,, 1

28 218

C h a p t e r X X V II

HOUSING The housing problem in India has become particularly serious on account of much increase of population during the last three decades. Rapid industrialisation has also contributed to the dearth of living accommodation in Urban areas. The heavy shifts of population from the rural areas on account of lack of adequate opportunities for employment in the villages and the growth of industries and business in towns with the attraction of relatively high wages, in addition to the various kinds of amenities further created an acute shortage in Urban houses. The supply of houses did not keep pace with the increasing demand. Private enterprise, which has been the primary source of building activity so far, tended to shrink on account of scarcity and high prices of building materials during the recent years. The enactment of legislations controlling rents and requisitioning premises had also a deterrent eftect on private enterprise in building. Pres­ sure on the existing accommodation, therefore, progressi­ vely increased leading to evils of over crowding, deteriora­ tion of housing estates and a variety of malpractices in relations between landlords and tenants. The period of First Five Year Plan, therefore, witnessed the first steps in a National Housing Programme. The Dovelopment Schemes in respect of housing include Rural housing, urban housing, industrial housing, low income group housing and slum clearance schemes. The progress of these schemes in both the areas of Telangana and Andhra is outlined below. During the Second Plan, however, a provision of Rs. 516,27 lakhs has been made—Rs. 190.24 lakhs for An­ dhra and Rs. 326.03 for Telangana—for implementation of the various housing schemes. Of this, a sum of Rs. 450,325 lakhs will be made available by the Centre— Rs. 110,445 lakhs by way of grants and Rs. 339.880 lakhs byway of loans. Appendix X X V will give the details of provision made for each scheme included in the plan.

Industiial Bousing: The subsidised industrial housing scheme was at first approved for Industrial Workers governed by the Factories Act, but now includes also mine workers other than those 219 engaged in the coal and mica industries for whom there are separate schemes. Under this scheme, loans and grants are given by the Central Government to State Governments and Public Authorities, to employers and to co-operatives of industrial workers. Two types of houses are built under this scheme viz.^ single room tenements at a cost of Rs. 2,700 each and double room tenements at a cost of Rs. 3,340 each which includes the cost of land and its development but excludes the provision for external services for amenities like water supply, sanitary and electrical fittings etc. The cost of these external services will be borne by the State Government. It was estimated that about 52,000 houses are required for housing all the industrial workers in Telangana area. In 1951, the Government of India sanctioned Rs. 12.00 lakhs with which the former Hyderabad Government constructed 300 two-room tenements and sold the same to the Road Transport Department at actual cost. Sub­ sequently, 3,940 single-room tenements were built for the construction of which the Government of India gave Rs. 49.95 lakhs as subsidy and Rs. 49.95 as loan. The State Government sanctioned an amount of Rs. 30 lakhs for the provision of amenities to these 3,940 houses. During the year 1954-55 also, the construction of 1,357 double-room tenements and 380 single-room tenements was taken up and the work is in progress. This program­ me of industrial housing is proposed to be continued in Telangana during the Second Plan Period for which a provision of Rs. 139.06 lakhs has been made and it is proposed to construct 4,635 houses for industrial workers. In Andhra area, during the Second Plan, it is proposed to construct 1,478 houses under this scheme. Besides this, provision has also been made for the construction of 200 houses for the workers of Andhra Co-operative Spinn­ ing Mills, Guntakal.

Urban Housing: To relieve housing shortage in Urban areas, in the former Andhra State, loans were provided to the co-ope­ ratives for the construction of 2,700 houses of which 1,621 were completed by the end of the First Plan and 1,079 were still under construction. During the Second Plan also, it is proposed to construct 1,120 houses in Urban areas in the Andhra region through the co-opera­ tives. 226 Rural Housingl: For building houses in rural areas in the Andhra region, during the First Plan, loans were advanced for the construction of 219 houses of which 135 were comp: leted by the end of the first plan and 84 were in the process of construction. Provision has, therefore, been made for continuing this activity during the Second Plan Period also and 170 Rural Houses are proposed to be constructed in Andhra region. Low Income Group Housing : The low Income Group Housing Scheme which was introduced towards the end of 1954 provides for the grant of long-term house building loans at a reasonable rate of interest to persons whose income does not exceed Rs. 6,000 per annum. Loans are given to individuals as well as co-operatives whose members fulfil this condition. The assistance is restricted to 80 per cent of the estimated cost of construction including land subject to a maximum of Rs. 8,000 as loan to the State Government repayable in 30 annual instalments with interest at 4j per cent per annum. The balance 20 per cent of the cost will be met by the State Government in the first instance and ulti­ mately the entire cost is recovered from the hire purchaser. The scheme also provides for loans to State Governments at 3| per cent interest repayable in three years for acquisi­ tion and development of land by local authorities and its allotment to prospective builders. Local Bodies, Chari­ table Institutions, hospitals etc., can obtain assistance under this scheme for building houses to be let to their low paid employees on hire purchase terms. 4 types of houses are constructed under this scheme ranging from 4 room-tenements to single-room tenements. The cost of each type of house is given below. Four-room tenements .. Rs. 10,000 Three-room tenements .. Rs. 7,000 Two-room tenements .. Rs. 4,600 Single-room tenements .. Rs. 3,500 In the former Hyderabad State, during the First Plan, Government of India sanctioned a loan of Rs. 100 lakhs for implementation of the scheme and by the end of the plan the construction of 1368 houses was in pro­ gress. During the Second Plan, provision has been made 221 for the construction of 1,605 houses besides the construc­ tion of 387 houses through the co-operatives, in the Telangana region. In Andhra region, during the last year of the First Plan an amount of Rs. 13.39 lakhs has been given as loan- to 12 municipalities, 1 District Board and 14 Panchayats for_ the construction of 499 houses for their low paid employees under the low income group housing scheme and so_^r lJ2 houses have been completed and the rest are in_ progress. In the Second Plan, a sum of Rs. 15 lakhs has been provided (provision included in urban housing in“ -Andhra) for the construction of 545 houses. — Slum Clearance and Sweepers Housing: Slums have grown up in practically all the major towns and cities as a result of laxity in enforcing building regulations, the indifferent attitude, till recently, to condi­ tions of living amongst industrial workers and the higher land value's* prevalent in certain places which led the landlords to exploit their advantage to the fullest. No town or city can be considered healthy which tolerates within itself the existence of a highly congested area with only the minimum amenities of life where some of the poorest elements of population are huddled together in almost sub-human conditions. During the recent years a fraction of slum dwellers have been moved out of their habitations as a result of various housing schemes but on the whole the slum problem continues much as it was. A sum of Rs. 28.62 lakhs has therefore been provided in the Second Plan of Andhra—Rs. 11.40 lakhs for slum clearance and improvement and Rs. 17.22 lakhs for the Sweepers Housing schemes. Under the Slum Clearance Scheme, the Government of India would give 50 per cent of the cost of the scheme as loan and 25 per cent as sub­ sidy subject to the condition that the State Government pays a subsidy of 25 per cent. During the Second Plan, 15 municipalities in Andhra will undertake slum clearance and improvement schemes and the Sweepers housing schemes ; about 820 tenements will also be constructed. In the Telangana region, a sum of Rs. 50.41 lakhs has been provided and during the Plan period, it is proposed to clear an area of 75 acres of slums and construct 1,500 houses for sweepers. Statement 21 will give the details of targets proposed under each scheme in the Andhra and Telangana regions. 22^

S ta te m e n t N o. 21.

HOUSING

Targets proposed for the Second Plan. .

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5!

ANDHRA AREA 1. Rural Housing .. .. Construction of houses .. No. 17 2. Urban Housing .. (а) Low Income Group Hous­ »» »> 54 ing Scheme of Local Bodies (б) Housing Schemes by >> • • » 1,121 Co-operative Societies. 8. Industrial Housing Schemes : (а) Labour »» • • 1,471 (б) Co-operative Societies. (c) Andhra Co-operative Construction of tene- „ 201 Spinning Mills, Guntakal. ^ ments. 4. Other Schemes (sweepers’ hous- (a) slum clearance in „ ing and other schemes) Municipalities. {b) Construction of tene- ,, ments.

TELANGANA 1, Industrial Housing Scheme .. Construction of single room and double room tenements for labour. „ 2. L o w Income Group Housing.. Construction of one, two, „ three and four room tenements to be sold to public under Hire-purchase system. 8. Low Income Group Housing "J (Housing Co-operative Socie- > ties.) do . • 4. Rural Housing .. .. J 6. Other schemes (Sweepers’ » (a) clearance of slums Acres. Housing and stum clearance), in the city. ^ < (b) construction of houses No. for sweepers. 228

C h a p te r XXVIII LABOUR AND LABOUR WELFARE Labour makes vital contribution to the economic stability and progress of the Country and as such the well being of labour is of paramount importance in any programme of national development. The worker iis the principal instrument in fulfilment of targets of the plan and in the achievement of the economic progress generally. It is, therefore, imperative for planners to make adequate provision to meet the basic needs of the workers in respect of not only food, clothing and shelter which will enable them to remain in a state of health and efficiency, but also to provide for their social and economic progress in the shape of improvement of health sexvices, wider provision oi social security, better educa­ tional opportunities and increased recreational and cultural facilities. The conditions of work should also be regulated so as to safeguard the workers’ health and protect them against occupational hazards. In the first plan, however, no specific programme for the development of labour welfare was drawn up. This lacuna was filled up in the Second Plan and a number of schemes have been programmed for implementation. During the Second Plan Period, 21 schemes will be implemented in the State—8 in Andhra and 13 in Telangana at a total cost of 71.06 lakhs—Rs. 23.52 lakhs for Telangana and Rs. 47.54 lakhs for Andhra. Some of the schemes included in the Andhra or in the Telangana area will, however, be applicable to the entire Andhra Pradesh. Central assistance to the tune of about Rs. 3.28 lakhs will be available by way of grants for the implementation of these schemes included in the Plan, Appendix X X V I will show the details of the provision made for each scheme proposed to be taken up during the Second Plan. Effective utilisation of man-power having regard to requirements of both industry and workers is a question of national importance. Production depends upon a steady flow of labour of requisite skill in required quanti­ ties. This entails the collection and dissemination of information regarding man-power resources, organisation of an efficient employment service, correct appraisal of the different types of skill required and the provision of facilities for training' of workers both to increase their efficiency and to make up deficiency in particul^ br^che§ 224 of technical personnel. -Towards this, it is proposed to open a District Employment Exchange at Srikakulam besides the expansion of the sub-regional employment exchange at Anantapur in Andhra area. In Telangana area, 7 District Employment Exchatiges are propqi^d' to be: opened in addition to the alignment of Regional Directorate and the Regional Employment Exchanged at Saifabad and Warangal with the All India Organi­ sation. Two Youth Employment Service and employ­ ment counselling units at the Regional Employment Exchange Saifabad and Rajahmundry will be established. 20 market information units— 11 in Andhra and 9 iii Telangana will be opened besides the organisation of occupational research and Analysis at the Headquarters.- The Collection of employment market information witl be on more extensive basis for the use of man-power planning. Youth employment service will deal with^ young persons as a special group of employment seekers and the functions of the proposed service will be to give expert advice to young persons on problems relating to employment and training. The main object of employment counselling unit will be to provide guidance and information to employment seekers about careers and occupations, their own occupational capacities and the labour market. Occupational research and analysis will include organis­ ation and development of systematic programme of‘ research with a view to standardising definitions ofj skills required for different trades and to build up a Comprehensive occupational dictionary. During the Plan Period, one welfare centre at Vijayawada in Andhra area and 2 ‘A ’ type and 6 ‘B’ type- centres in Telangana area will be established. In each welfare centre there will be a Welfare Centre Organiser, Games Supervisor, Cinema Operator, Nurse, nursery school teacher, Social Worker, adult education teacher. Peon, Chowkidar and an Ayah. : In-the Telangana region, it is proposed' to ^ | > e n workers’ education classes in 10 factories employing less than 500 workers and 5 factories employing 500 to 1.000 workers. In all factories employing more than 1.000 workers (these number 9) the employers will be persuaded to open such classes. In addition to this, 30 xibraries in factories employing 200 to 500 workers afid 15 libraries-in factories employing 500 to 1,000 workers will be started ^nd the management of all factories which 225 employ more than 1,000 workers will be persuaded to open such libraries. In Andhra area 2 Industrial Training Institutes will be opened during the Plan Period. For the effective implementation of the Shops and Establishments Act, 20 Assistant Inspectors will be appointed in Telangana and for supervising and starting the Welfare Centres, one experienced Woman Officer will be appointed as Superintendent of the Welfare Centres. 5 Gazetted Officers belonging to Telangana region will be sent to Calcutta or Bombay for training. An industrial safety museum for educating the workers in industrial safety, health and welfare is also proposed to be opened in a centrally situated place in the State. For the better and effective enforcement of the provisions of the various labour laws and for registration of new factories, one Deputy Chief Inspector of Factories, 2 Regional Inspctors of Factories with 3 Inspectors of Factories attached to each of them are proposed for appointment and one fuel economy inspector will also be appointed to render advice to the boUer users for proper and more effective use of fuel.

The three full-time employee’s State Insurance Dispensaries and 8 part-time dispensaries opened in Telangana area and 6 full-time dispensaries and 2 part-time dispensaries opened in Andhra Area will be continued during the Second Plan Period. It is also proposed to construct a separate ward for the exclusive use of insured workers at the K.E.M. hospital, Secunderabad and T.B. hospital, Irrumnuma.

The details of targets proposed to be achieved during the Second Plan in both Andhra and Telangana regions can be seen from Statement 22.

29 22(J

S t a t e m e n t N o . 22.

LABOUR AND LABOUR WELFARE

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Tari

(1) (2) (3) (4) («:

ANDHRA 1. Extension of coverage of District Emplojnnent No. employment service, Employ- Exchange, ment and District Employ- Sub-regional Employment „ ment Exchanges Excahnge. 2. Collection of Employment Employment Market „ Market Information. Information Centres. 8. Youth Employment Service .. Youth Employment y Service and Counselling 4. Employment Counselling UnitsJ Units. 5. Occupational Research and For the entire state Analysis. 6. Welfare Centres. .. .. Opening of Welfare Cen- „ tre at Vijayawada. 7. Employees State Insurance (a) construction of Scheme. (i) full time dispensaries „ (ii) part-time dispensa- „ ries. (6) construction of a separate ward for exclusive use of Insured Wor­ kers at K.E.M. Hospital, Secunderabad and T.B. „ Hospital, Imimnuma. 8. Training centres under the Opening of Industrial No. Director of Industries and Training Institutes. Commerce.

TELANGANA AREA 1. Establishment of 2 ‘A’ type {a) Establishment of ‘A* No. and 6 ‘B’ type Social Welfare type Social Welfare Cen- Centres. ters.

♦ 8 in Telangana, in Telangana, |one in Telangaii 227,

Statement No. 22 (Contd)

LABOUR AND LABOUR WELFARE

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

n. T a r g e t p e o p o se d . InM*Name of the scheme. / - A ...... Item. Unit. T argS

1)1 (2) (3) (4) (5)

(6) Establishment of ‘B’ No. type Social Welfare Centres. Workers* Education Opening of workers edu­ cation classes in factories employing. (а) less than 500 workers No. of Factories 10 (б) 500-1000 workers .. „ 5 (c) More than 1000 workers (to be got ope­ ned by the employers) „ Establishment of libraries Opening of libraries in factories employing. (а) 200-500 workers. „ 80 (б) 500-1000 workers „ 15 (c) More than 1000 workers (to be got opened by the emplo­ yers) .. .. „ 9 Expansion of Administrative (a) Appointment of Asst. No. 20 Machinery of the Labour Inspectors and their Department staff {b) Appointment of Wo- „ man Officer for Wel­ fare Centres, and her staff (c) Labour Officer and „ his staff Training of Ofl&cers Deputation of Labour 5 Gazetted Officers for training to Officers Calcutta and Bombay 88 Non- Gazetted Officers. 22a

S t a t e m e n t No. 22 (Contd,)

LABOUR AND LABOUR WELFARE

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. f I -A Item Unit Targ

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

6. Industrial 3afety Museum Opening of an Industrial No. Safety Museum, at Hy­ derabad. 7. Strengthening of Inspectorate (a) Appointment of Re- „ of Factories and Boilers gional Inspectors of factories. (b) Appointment of Ins- „ pectors of Factories (c) Appointment of fuel „ Economy Inspector

(

C h a p t e r XXIX

WELFARE OF BACKWARD CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES.

The evolution of the Social structure during centuries of feudalism in regions which were not then developed by communications led to the existence of large Com­ munities which suffered handicaps and disabilities impo­ sed by other economically and culturally dominant groups. The chief amongst the under privileged or socially handicapped groups are the Harijans i.e., the Scheduled Castes, groups which are known as criminal tribes and other groups which can be considered to cons­ titute the weaker section of the population and which are socially, economically and educationally backward. The Constitution of India imposes an obligation on the States to take special measures to ensure that within a period of 10 years from the date of commencement of the Constitution, the economic and social condition of the backward classes of the population is raised to the level of the rest of the people. This work was therefore entrusted to a special department called the Department of Social Welfare in the former Andhra State and the Department of Social Services in the former Hyderabad State. The population of Scheduled Castes is about 46 lakhs—27 lakhs in Andhra and 19 lakhs in Telangana.

A number of schemes for the welfare of these under privileged classes was implemented and considerable improvement achieved during the First Plan in^both Andhra and Telangana regions.

44 Harijan Welfare Schools were opened in the Andhra area during the First Plan and the total number of boys receiving education in all the Harijan Schools which numbered 465 by the end of the First Plan was about 82,000. During the Plan Period, 82,000 scholarships were also granted to the pupils of Harijan and other eligible communities. The number of subsidised hostels rose from 813 at the beginning of the Plan to 333 at the end of the Plan. The number of boarding grants during the same period increased from 7,936 to 8,555. 19 Govern­ ment hostels to cater to the needs of Harijan students were started, thus making the total number of hostels, 230 run for their benefit, 23. The Goverment have also provided about 41,900 house sites free of cost to Harijans and other eligible Communities. 6,300 scholarships were granted to the backward classes students studying in Arts Colleges and professional and technical institu­ tions. In the eleven subsidised hostels, every year 836 boarding grants were given for backward classes students at the rate of Rs 150 per boarder per annum.

In Telangana area, towards the welfare of Scheduled Castes, 17,682 students were supplied with school material, 3,977 Huts were built and 200 Old Huts were repaired, 604 Wells were sunk and 664 Old Wells repaired, 51 Volun­ tary agencies were given financial aid, 4 Health Urkits and 4 Co-operative Societies were started during the First- Plan Period. Likewise, 2,652 Scholarships were given, 5 Colonies were constructed, 40 New Wells were sunk and 1 old well repaired, 23 Hostels were aided, 1 Health Unit was started and 4 Co-operative Stores opened for the benefit of Ex-criminal tribes. The Backward Classes were also assisted by the award of 33,692 scholarships, opening of 1 Hostel and giving aid to 55 Hostels.

During the Second Plan, the programmes initiated during the First Plan will be carried forward and the pace and tempo stepped up. An amount of Rs. 200.43 lakhs has therefore been set apart for the welfare of Scheduled Castes and Ex-criminal Tribes and other backward classes. Rs. 152.13 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 48.30 lakhs for Telangana. The number of schemes proposed to be taken up are 25—21 in Andhra and 4 in Telangana. It is expected that Rs. 86.03 lakhs will be available by way of grants from the Centre. Appendix X X V II will give the details of provision made for each scheme inclu­ ded in the plan. In Andhra area, during the Second Plan Period, it is proposed to grant 8,400 more scholarships to the Harijans and other eligible communities. Owing to the progressive increase in the number of school-going chil­ dren among Harijans and other eligible Communities, and as hostel facilities are found necessary for them it is proposed to increase the number of grants and also recognise new hostels wherever necessary, especially in some taluks of the backward districts of Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Chittoor and Cuddapah where there 231

are no hostels at all. It is also proposed to increase the existing number of grants by 50 per cent in Cuddapah district and 20 per cent in the districts of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam. More Government hostels will be opened for the benefit of 1,800 boarders during the Plan Period. Out of the 465 Harijan Welfare Schools in the Ardhra area only 152 schools are located in Govern­ ment buildings. It is, therefore, proposed to construct 92 new school or hostel buildings. Harijans generally live in insanitary localities. In order to create healthy surroundings in Harijan Cheris, it is necesary to provide sanitary amenities like pathways, latrines, bathrooms etc. Provision has therefore been made for the construc­ tion of 570 pathways, 770 bathrooms and 1,540 latrines. Aboat 15,572 Harijan and other eligible communities’ families will be provided with house sites. Harijans are so poor that mere provision of house sites has not enabled them to construct houses of their own. So, it is necessary to aid them financially by way of subsidy and loan to enable them to construct houses. During the Second Plan, 7,350 houses will be constructed. Of this, 735 houses will be earmarked for the poor and needy persons belonging to backward as well as forward Com­ munities who will be assisted by half loan and half subsidy for the construction of houses and this will provide an incentive for these Communities to mix with the Hari­ jans. The evils of untouchability can be effectively tackled by due publicity and propaganda. For this purpose, suitable posters and pamphlets are proposed to be published, exhibited and distributed widely in the rural areas. Financial assistance will also be given for the celebration of Harijan days where inter-caste dinners, temple entries, drawing of water by Harijans from com­ mon wells etc., are encouraged. Eradication of untoucha­ bility need a good deal of public co-operation. There are some voluntary agencies like Harijan Sevak Sangh, Bharat Sevak Samaj, Guild of Service, Red Cross, Rotary Centres and others who are interested in the uplift of Harijans. These organisations will be given some finan­ cial assistance to supplement their activities. To provide effective supervision and check over the various institu­ tions that are started, it is proposed to appoint 6 Gazetted Welfare Officeers in Andhra area in the districts where the Social Welfare work is heavy instead of the existing non-Gazetted Officers besides a Deputy Director. Provi­ sion has also been made for the purchase of jeeps to provide 232

quick transport facilities for the officers for their inspec­ tion work. Towards the welfare of backward classes, 1,680 addi­ tional scholarships for College students and 16,000 scholarships for High School Students will be provided during the Plan Period. As there is demand for the increase in number of boarding grants a provision of Rs. 2 lakhs has also been made for 1,330 boarding grants. At present children belonging to backward classes and studying in Harijan Welfare Schools are not supplied mid-day meals. In order to give these children also the same facilities and in order to encourage these children to join Harijan Welfare Schools which would help eradi­ cation of untouchability it is proposed to provide mid­ day meals to all children studying in Harijan Welfare Schools. About 5,585 children belonging to the back­ ward classes will be benefited. To enable the Ex-criminal tribes to obtain better economic standards, stress has to be laid on their economic rehabilitation and on weaning away the younger genera­ tion from the anti-social practices of the past. The Second Plan, therefore, aims at providing 10 radio sets, 10 children parks, 3,100 new houses and repair of 3,000 exis­ ting houses. Loans will be granted to 500 families for starting Cottage Industries. 25 wells, 25 bath-rooms and 25 latrines will be constructed besides repairing 25 wells. 5 Women Welfare Centres will also be organised. In the field of agriculture, it is proposed to instal oil engines in Sitanagaram Settlement and encourage them to take to Paddy and irrigated crops in 120 acres. Besides this, it is proposed to repair 11 irrigation wells in Bitra- gunta Settlement and to sink irrigation wells wherever land has been made available to these Conmiunities. Discretionary grants will also be given to the sick and deserving so as to enable them to go to hospitals and receive medical treatment. This will benefit about 200 families. In the Telangana area, during the Second Plan, towards the Welfare of Scheduled Castes, an amount of Rs. 23.38 lakhs has been set apart.% During the Plan period, it is proposed to sink 766 new wells and repair 904 old wells as most of the Harijans live in insanitary cheries where facilities for providing drinking water are scarce. 200 acres of land will be acquired andjl,433 houses will be constructed. Provision h^-s also beeix 283

for the payment of subsidies to privately managed hostels for Harijans which are serving the needs of several poor Harijan students who are unable to prosecute their studies and this would benefit 985 boarders. About 2,520 poor Harijan students will also be supplied clothes, books, slates etc. Deserving Harijans suffering from diseases like T.B., Cancer etc., will be given financial aid for undergoing treatment and this is expected to benefit 857 patients. Financial assistance will be given to the artisans individually or through co-operative societies for their trade or craft. The assistance will be in the shape of tools, raw material and cash for work­ ing capital in respect of Societies. About 38 societies are proposed to be assisted by this scheme. The plan also provides for visual publicity, issue of pamphlets, 81 inter-castes dinners, observance of 162 Harijan weeks and days and holding of 81 melas. Financial aid will be given to 42 voluntary organisations like Harijan Sevak Sangh, Bharat Sevak Samaj etc. Provision has also been made for rendering legal aid to 510 persons. In order to cope up with the additional work and to keep an effective check on the proper utilisation of the amounts provided and to supervise and implement the various schemes in the plan, additional staff will be appointed.

The total population of ex-criminal tribes in Telan- gana area is estimated at about 5 lakhs. During the Second Plan Period, 8 Hostels will be started and 857 Boarders will be benefited. Banjaras who are classed as ex-Criminal Tribes are mostly good cultivators, but owing to poverty most of them have abandoned their occupations. In order to resettle them in their occupa­ tion, it is necessary that they are supplied with ploughs and bullocks, seeds and implements. 457 ploughs and bullocks will therefore be supplied and 617 families will be supplied with seeds and implements. Provision has also been made for the starting of 37 co-operative socie­ ties for Cottage Industries. To provide clean drinking water, 38 new wells will be dug and 58 old wells will be repaired. 300 Houses are also proposed to be built and grants-in-aid will be given to 340 persons who suffer losses from floods, fire etc.

With a view to help other backward classes, the Plan provides for Scholarships to 2,018 Students, grants-in-aid to 148 Students, financial aid to 42 Private hostels and 80 284 opening of 86 New hostels. 38 Aritsan Co-operative Societies will also be started and 868 Artisans will be given vocational aid.

In the Telangana area, it is also proposed to establish 6 Orphanages and 6 Beggar homes during the Plan period.

Statement 28 will give details of the targets proposed under each scheme in both the Telangana and Andhra regions. St a t e m e n t N o . 28

V\"ELFARE OF BACKWARD CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES

Target proposed for the Second Plan. h ^Sl. Name of the Scheme Target proposed ,No. Item Unit Target

! (2) (8) (4) (5)

ANDHRA

1. Scholarships for Harijans .. Scholarsliips .. No. 8,400

2. Hostels for Scheduled Castes • Pupils to be benefited • • »» 4,000

3. Government Hostels .. Boarders • • »> 1,800 4. Construction and repairs of School or hostel school buildings .. buildings to be c

Acquisition of house sites for House sites •• „ 1 5 ,6 7 2 Harijans. Propaganda and publicity .. • • • •

Aid to voluntary agencies .. Finanical assistance to the Rs. in voluntary agencies. lakhs

Housing Scheme for Harijans Houses • • No. 7,830 and Backward Classes. 10. Administration Staff Scheme..

[1. Scholarships to Backward Scholarships Classes. (а) to students study­ 16,000 ing in High Schools. (б) to students studying 1,680 in Colleges.

12. Subsidised hostels to Backward Boarding grants l,880j Classes. [8. Mid-day meals for Backward Children to be benefited • 5,585 class children. 2 8 6

S t a t e m e n t N o . 23

WELFARE OF BACKWARD CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES—(Conid,)

Target proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

Ex*criminal Tribes.—

14. Education .. (a) provision of Radio No. 10 sets {h) provision of children „ 10 parks

15. Housing .. (a) New houses .. „ 3,100 {h) Repairs to the existing „ 3,000 houses.

16. Cottage Industries .. (a) Rope making machines „ 70 {&) Bee—hive boxes .. „ 250 (c) Loans to Backward families for starting „ 500 cottage industries.

17. Public Health .. Provision o f : (a) wells. .. No. 25 (6) Bath rooms .. „ 25 (c) Latrines .. „ 25 •“ (d) Women Welfare Centres .. „ 5 {e) wells to be repaired • „ 25 i 18. Agricultural Aid .. Repairs to wells .. „ 11 1

19. Miscellaneous • • mm 0 • • • 20. Aid to voluntary agencies • • • •

21. Medical Aid .. Familes to be benefited .. 200 28?

St a t e m e n t N o . 23 iLFARE OF BACKWARD CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES— (Contd.

Target proposed for the Second Plan

Name of the Scheme Targets proposed

Item Unit Target

(2) (8) (4) (5)

TELANGANA

VVelfare of Ex*criminal Tribes (a) Education : (i) Hostels No. 8 (ii) Boarders 857 (b) Agriculture : (i) Supply of ploughs and Bullocks 457 (ii) Supply of seeds and implements to families 617 (c) Cottage Industries : Formation of Societies . . 37 (d) Public Health : (i) New wells 38 (n) Repairs to old wells 58 (e) Rehabilitation : (z) Houses 300 (/) Grant-in-aid : Persons to be benefited. 340

Parijan Welfare (а) Wells : (i) Sinking of new wells ,, 766 {ii) Repairs to old wells „ 904 (б) Housing: (?’) Acquisition of land Acres 200 (ii) Aid for housing No. of 1,433 Houses (c) Education : (t) Aid to private hostels Boarders 935

(it) Other Educational No. 2,520 facilities to students. (d) Medical: Members to be benefited. ,, 857 2 ^

St a t e m e n t N o . 28

WELFARE OF BACKWARD CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES—(Cot

Target proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Targets proposed No. ------— ---- ^ Item Unit Targf

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

{e) Cottage Industries ; Societies No. (/) Publicity: (i) Intercaste dinners . . 99 (n) Harijan Weeks and days .. J J (m) Melas JJ (g) Community Halls .. 9) (A) Grant-in-aid to voluntary organisa­ tions 5J (i) Legal aid to persons J9 a. Welfare of other Backward (a) Education : Classes. {i) Scholarships J3 (ii) Aid to private hostels 5J (m) Grant-in-aid to 1 students 99 (iv) Opening of hostels.. (b) Cottage Industries : (i) Vocational aid to

artisans 99 {ii) Artisan Co-operative

Societies 99

4. Other Welfare measures .. (a) Homes for beggars .. {b) Orphanages ff 289

C h a p t e r X X X

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Among the four sections of population described as “ backward classes ” Scheduled Tribes is one. The ex­ tent of Scheduled area in the Andhra region is 4,811.67 sq. miles covering a population of 4,56,552. Adding the tribal population in non-no tilled areas and other dis­ tricts, and the population of Yerukulas, Yenadis and Sugalis who have also been notified as Scheduled Tribes, the Tribal population of the Andhra Region is 8,18,438 as detailed below. T a b l e 25

No. of Areas in Total District Villages square population miles

1 2 3 4

Srikakulam 464 54^.00 34,181 Visakhapatnam 2,529 2,357.25 1,71,851 East Godavari 1,270 1,432.19 2,06,779 West Godavari 101 478.23 23,791

Total . 4,364 4,811.67 4,56,552

Scheduled Tribes in non-notified areas .. 48,988 Scheduled Tribes scattered in all dis- 46,496 tricts. Approximate No. of Yerukulas, Yenadis 2,66,452 and Sugalis. Total . . 8,18,438

These are largely distributed in 5 complete taluks and portions of 7 taluks in the four districts of Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, East and West Godavari districts.

In the Telangana region, the tribal population is about 2.99 lakhs and they are found in Adilabad, Khammam, '\Varangal, Mahboobnagar and Karimanagar districts, 240

The constitution provides for special treatment for these classes of people and lays great emphasis on their welfare. Development programmes in tribal areas may be broadly grouped under four heads :— (a) Communications (b) Education and Culture (c) Development of tribal economy and (d) Health, Housing and Water Supply.

In the First Five-Year Plan, programmes were under­ taken for meeting the special needs of this section of the population. Some of the major activities undertaken during the First Plan period in Andhra and Telangana Regions are given below.

ANDHRA There were 428 Elementary Schools, 15 Higher Ele­ mentary Schools and 2 Secondary Schools catering to the needs of 19,500 pupils in the four Agency districts of Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari and West Godavari. There were also 20 Elementary Schools and one Higher Elementary School for the Chenchus in Kurnool district. In order to attract school going tribal children to attend schools, mid-day meals, clothing and book allowances, full fee concessions and scholarships were granted. 14 Boarding Homes and 7 Subsidised Hostels have been opened. Two training sections one at Bhadra- chalam and the other at Srungavarapukota were also opened for giving training to tribal candidates. Special facilities were provided for the school going Chenchus and promising boys were selected and sent for Teachers’ Training at Kumool.

One of the challenging problems in the reconstruction of tribal economies is the tribal custom of ‘ Podu or Shifting Cultivation ’ by destroying valuable forest growth. To replace the ‘Shifting Cultivation’ by settled agriculture two agricultural seed supplying depots were opened with necessary field staff to give advice to ryots on improved methods of agriculture and a demonstration-cum-explora- tory farm was also opened at Rampachodavaram for the improvement of fruit cultivation and introduction of new varieties of fruits.

The welfare and development programmes in tribal areas involve a measure of disturbance in relation to 241

traditional beliefs and practices. In their implementa­ tion, therefore^ the confidence of the people and, in parti­ cular, the understanding and goodwill of the tribal com­ munities are of the highest importance. Thirty tribals were therefore selected and trained for appointment as Maistries, besides the training of 23 hill men in improved methods of cultivation. An Assistant Fishery Demons­ trator and one fieldman were also appointed in each of the districts of East and West Godavari to develop the Fisheries and to train hill men in pisciculture on scientific lines. A special District Veterinary Officer for Agency development was appointed together with 2 additional Veterinary Assistant Surgeons and 6 Veterinary and Live Stock Inspectors for doing propaganda and demonstration work towards the improvement of cattle wealth. A veterinary dispensary at Araku and a livestock farm at Chintapalli were opened besides three poultry demonstra­ tion units at Polavaram, Bhadrachalam and ChintapallL To improve the breed of livestock and Poultry, 21 Breed­ ing Bulls, 103 Sheep and 559 Chicks were purchased and distributed to the hill tribes. As they were economically backward, maintenance charges for the bulls at Rs. 15 3er mensem per bull and bonus to the tribals at Rs. 25 )er each well maintained bull was paid as an inducement. Besides these, four breeding bulls were distributed to the aboriginal Koyas of East Godavari District and an amount of Rs. lOO was paid at the end of each year to the cus­ todian towards the maintenance charges of every bull. One of the main reasons for the primitive habits |iid living of the tribals is lack of proper communications. To overcome this, 58 miles of roads were either metalled or gravefled in addition to the formation of 17 miles of earthen roads and 77J miles of jeepable roads. Though they live in close proximity to nature their health and physique are poor and they suffer from a number of diseases. To afford better facilities for treat­ ment of their ailments, the local fund dispensaries at Rampachodavaram and Addatigala were provincialised, and two itinerating dispensaries were started at Ram- pachodavaram and Vajedunagaram. Two regular dis­ pensaries were also opened at Dummugudem and Peda- valasa and weekly visits were arranged to the sur­ rounding villages by the Medical Officers of Polavaram, Jeelugumilli and Rajavammengi. Anti-malarial opera­ tions were takeji up in the 4 Agency Districts of the State SI 242 under the National Malaria Control Programme and 4,02,845 persons in 2,352 villages covering an extent of 2,953 sq. miles were protected. The Anti-Yaws Cam­ paign was started in the Nugur Agency of East Godavari district and 16,473 Yaws cases and 3,332 Yaws contacts were treated. Under the Rural Water Supply Program­ me 115 wells were also sunk to provide clean drinking water.

Schemes were taken up for the general development of Araku valley which was first started in 1944 for the immediate growing of potatoes and English vegetables for supply to the Army. An area of 2,656 acres was reclaimed and 236 Tribal families were settled in 4 colonies at Gannavaram, Pochavaram, Aminabad and Jeelugumilli.

In order to improve the economic condition of the Scheduled Tribes and to save them from the clutches of the merchants and money lenders, 3 co-operative socie­ ties were started in addition to the Marketing Society at Kota Ramachandrapuram.

In the Agency areas, 6 women welfare centres were opened at Rampachodavaram, Addatigala, Kannapuram, Araku Valley, Lammasingi and Gummalakshmipuram and maternity assistants were attached to these centres.

With a view to provide credit facilites and arrange for marketing their produce, the Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Co-operative Corporation selected 2 centres at in Visakhapatnam district and Kurupam in Srikakulam District with three depots at Krishnadevipeta, Downuru and Vaddadi Madugula for the former and three others at Gummalakshmipuram, Veeraghattam and Seethampeta for the latter.

TELANGANA

During the First Five-Year Plan 55 new Primary Schools were opened for tribal children besides 6 new Adult schools to remove adult illiteracy among the tribals. Two hostels in Khammam and Adilabad districts were started and 5,463 tribal students were given scholarships at the rate of Rs. 2 per head per month for 10 months, four teacher training centres were subsidised at Mar^ay^i m

and Cinn^dhari in Adilabad district, Todvoi in Warangal district and Suddimalla in Khammam district and 60 candidates were trained.

The demonstration farm at Adilabad was continued to demonstrate modern methods of Agriculture to the tri- bals. The co-operative fafm at Mananur in Mahboob- nagar district was also continued. 1630 plough bullocks were given to 1294 tribal families free of cost and 179 families were provided with seeds and implements. For the benefit of tribals 16 co-operative societies were also started.

To train tribals in sericulture industry a sericulture farm was opened at Ashoknagax in Warangal district and 2 Koyas and some scheduled caste persons were trained.

An eighteen mile road was constructed from Mananur to Vatevellapalli in Mahboobnagar district.

To provide better medical facilities two Mobile Medi­ cal units one at Warangal and the other at Yellandu were started. In addition one Ayurvedic Medical Unit in Adilabad district and 4 health units were also opened. In order to provide clean drinking water 43 new wells were sunk and 39 old wells were repaired.

SECOND PLAN

In the Second Plan, 124 schemes— 107 in Andhi^a and 17 in Telangana— are proposed to be taken up for the welfare cf scheduled tribes involving an outlay of Rs. 200.51— Rs. 181.25 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 19.26 lakhs for Telangana. Out of this, Central assistance to the extent of Rs. 100.163 lakhs, Rs. 90.624 lakhs in Andhra and Rs. 9.539 lakhs in Telangana is expected. The breakup of the plan provision will be found in Appendix X X V III. These amounts are intended for programmes which are specially designed to assist scheduled tribes. They are therefore supplementary to measures of development which are pursued in the interest of the po­ pulation as a whole. To the extent the economy deve­ lops, these classes also benefit but the special provisions made is ta be utilised so as to enable them to derive the maximum advantage from general development prog­ rammes aad to make up as speedily as possible for retarded 244 progress in the past. The general and special programmes are expected to be operated in a manner complementary to one another so that they can produce marked impact on the welfare of backward classes.

ANDHRA

During the Second Plan Period in the Andhra area, it is proposed to open 50 new Elementary Schools one Basic School and one Higher Grade Training School besides the construction of 68 school buildings. Two new Government hostels with 25 boarders in each will be started in East Godavari and Visakhapatnam districts. Tribal children will also be given books and clothing allowances.

In order to improve agriculture in the tribal areas and in order to replace the ‘Shifting Cultivation’ one District Agricultural Officer and 8 Demonstration Units with training sections will be appointed for the Agency areas for training demonstration Maistries and training hillmen in improved methods of agriculture. Three pilot farms will also be opened.

Towards the upliftment of the Chenchus, one more school with a hostel at Dornal, a hospital at Pedaman- trala on the eastern side of Nallamalai hills and a co­ operative society at Dornal will be established. There is provision for 2 radio sets and 2 women welfare centres also.

With a view to improve the livestock in the Agency areas, the plan envisages the supply of 17 breeding bulls, 20 female stock, 820 poultry and 100 sheep besides the supply of poultry houses and appliances. A touring billet, 5 veterinary First Aid Centres, 2 Minor Veteri­ nary Dispensaries, one hatching centre and cream se­ parator machines are also proposed to be established.

Tribesmen have considerable inherited skill and it is essential that their arts and crafts should receive en­ couragement and support and they should be given fa­ cilities for vocational training. It is therefore proposed to train them in bamboo and rattan basket making and mat weaving as raw materials are also available in plenty in these areas. 15 candidates will be trained m each year at one centre in bamboo and rattan basket making and mat weaving and each trainee will be given a stipend of Rs. 20. After training they will be gran­ ted a subsidy of Rs. 100 in order to enable them to start an independent living. Likewise 40 candidates will be trained each year in tanning and each trainee will be paid a stipend of Rs. 15 and a subsidy of Rs. 250.

To connect agency areas with plains and to alford better communication facilities, the second plan aims at the formation of about 60 miles of roads with the necessary bridges. In addition to this, the Agents to Government will take up formation of small village approach roads and petty repairs to the existing roads in the agency villages.

To provide adequate medical facilities, the hospitals at Polavaram, Jeelugumilli and Araku will be improved and the dispensary at G. Madugole will be converted into a hospital. Two dispensaries will be opened at Sujanakota and Seethampeta besides a hospital at El- winpeta. In addition, there will be 3 mobile medical units at Nugur, Seethampeta and Polavaram.

To improve Public Health of the tribals. Anti-malaria operations will be extended to 1,378 more villages and the anti-yaws campaign will be extended to Srikakulam district. Two Maternity and Child Health Centres one in Srikakulam district and the other in East Godavari district, will be established and tribal women will be given dais training. 150 wells will also be dug to pro­ vide clean drinking water.

Towards the development of Araku valley, it is pro­ posed to construct quarters for the staff working in the valley and supply protected water to the township.

Four land colonisation schemes will be taken up and 6000 acres will be reclaimed to settle 450 families.

The Scheduled areas are covered with forests of va­ rying density where large extents of land are cultivable. The average rain fall is about 59 to 60 inches per annum and this water can easily be harnessed for irrigation. But no schemes were executed during the First Plan m

Period. It is therefore proposed to take up 12 schemes which will irrigate 2,750 acres. Besides these, 26 Minor Irrigation sources will also be repaired and these would irrigate another 1,305 acres.

There is scope for improving pisciculture in some of the tanks in Agency areas. Fingerlings will therefore be distributed for development of fisheries. These will supplement the food of the tribals.

The practice of Podu or Shift Cultivation by the tribals is accelerating the depletion of the soil. The hill slopes in the Machkund catchment area have become bald and fertile soil carried away by hill streams. To prevent this, soil conservation measures will be under' taken.

The plan also aims at the installation of 115 radio sets in the agency areas.

In April 1956, the Andhra Scheduled Tribes Co-opera­ tive Finance and Development Corporation limited was started with two centres and 6 depots to prevent ex­ ploitation of the tribal people by the plainsmen and to provide them credit and marketing facilities. In the Second Plan a sum of Rs. 9*50 lakhs has been provided to this corporation. Six additional schemes for the development of co-operation are also included in the plan.

In addition to the 0 women welfare centres working in the Agencies, it is proposed to start 1^ more centres of which 2 are to be located in the Nallamalai in Kur- nool district.

A Central Research Institute to study the pattern of life and civilization of the Scheduled tribes will also be started during the Second Plan Period.

TELANGANA

In the Telangana "region 20 village and primary schools and 8 hostels in Warangal, Khammam and Ka- rimnagar districts will be opened during the second plan, 1,100 students of Higher and Lower Secondaries and 247

8,800 students of primary classes will be given scholar­ ships at the rate of 5 rupees per month for higher and lower secondary students and 2 rupees per month for pri­ mary students. Private hostels will be paid grants-in- aid at the rate of Rs, 25 per student for 10 months and this would benefit 100 students in the Second Plan.

In order to settle the tribals in Agriculture 333 fa­ milies will be supplied with a pair of bullocks each and 500 families will be provided with seeds and implements.

Two demonstration farms one in Warangal and the other in Khammam district will be opened to demonstrate modern methods of cultivation and to give practical training to the tribals.

With a view to develop Cottage Industries in the tribal areas, one sericulture farm will be established in Khammam district and 20 handicraft centres will be opened. Three production-cum-training centres will also be opened wherein each trainee will be paid a sti­ pend of Rs. 15 per month for six months during the pe­ riod of training after which they will be supplied with tools and raw materials free of cost to enable them to set up their trade in their homes and to sell the produce through the centre.

A sum of Rs. 1.985 lakhs has been provided during the Second Plan for improving communications in the Scheduled areas.

In order to provide drinking water from protected wells, 60 new wells will be constructed and 70 old wells will be repaired.

As tribals live in the most unhygienic conditions in deep forest areas they are proposed to be rehabili­ tated at convenient places with better amenities. 20 colonies will be constructed each with fifty huts and a community cattle shed. Each colony will also have a school and a handicraft centre and half of the colonies will be provided with co-operative stores so that multi­ purpose welfare works could be pushed through in sch^- 4uled areas, 248

A considerable proportion of the tribal people live in forest areas, so that the manner in which forest resour­ ces are exploited has a great deal of bearing on their welfare. In many ways the penetration of forest con­ tractors into the tribal economy has been harmful. It is therefore proposed to establish 3 forest co-opeative societies and each society will be provided with a grant of Rs. 15,000 towards the working capital of the society. Coupes will be obtained from the Forest Department and work will be carried out under the supervision and guidance of Social Service Officers of the Department.

Statement 24 will give details of the targets proposed under each scheme in both the Telangana and Andhra regions. 24<9

S t a t e m e n t No. 24—(Confd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan 1?----- 1. Name of the Scheme Target proposed fo. Item Unit Target

(1 ) (2) (3 ) (4) (5 )

ANDHRA

Eiucation ;—

I. Appointment of D.E.O, with Appointment of D.E.O. No. 1 necessary staff.

2. Opening of Basic Training Retraining of teachers in No. of 320 School at Bhadrachalam. the agency areas, in teachers basic education.

3. Opening of 50 New Ele­ Opening of Elementary No. 50 mentary schools in the schools. Agency Areas.

1. Construction of additional Additional^Block No. 1 bbck to Govt. High School, Bhadrachalam.

5. Construction of pucca build­ Construction of school No. 68 ings for schools in agency buildings. area.

6 . Supply of books, slates and Supply of books, etc., to No. 1,13,600 clothing to Tribal children. children.

7. Conversion of subsidised Conversion of subsidised No. 7 hostels into Govt. hostels into Govt. Boarding homes. Boarding homes.

8. Increase in the strength of Increase of boarders No. 22 the boarders in the Hostels (Subsidised).

9. Opening of two New Govt, (a) hostels No. 2 hostels in Visakhapatnam (b) boarders. No. 50 and East Godavari Districts.

32 250

St a t e m e n t N o . 24— (Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item

(2) (1) (8) (5)

**

Agriculture.

1 0. Appointment of D.A.O. for Appointment of D.A.O. No. j Agency with necessary staff.

11. Opening of Pilot Farms Opening of pilot farms. . .No. 3

12. Opening of Demonstration Opening of Demonstra­ No. of j units in Agency areas tion units. ^ units

13. Training of Hillmen as De­ Training to hillmen. No. of 8M monstration Maistries, etc. train­ ees

14. Improvement of Agricultural Sale of seeds and manures Worth 80,000 facilities in Seethampet at half the cost. of and G.L. Puram of seeds Srikakulam District. and ma­ nures in Ru­ pees.

15. Reclamation of land of Reclamation of land. .. Acres 51 Agricultural Association of Sarabannepalem in Gudum Taluk.

16. Scheme for the maintenance Improvement to fruit and development of de- cultivation and intro- monstration cum-explo- duction of new varieties ratory Farm at Ram- of fruits in Agency pachodavaram. areas. m

St a t e m e n t N o . 24— (Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Name of the Scheme Target proposed 51., Item Unit Target

I) (2 ) . (8 ) (4 ) (5)

Welfare of Chenckus.

ir. School and Hostel for Chen- Opening of school and hostel. No. 1 i chus.

18. Opening of Mobile Medical Opening of Mobile No. 1 Unit at Dornal. Medical Unit.

19. Measures for control of •• •• Malaria and Yaws.

20. t Administrative staff •• •• Animal Husbandry.

21. Touring billet Touring billet ..No. 1

22. Distribution of breeding bulls. Breeding bulls. ..No. 17

28. Distribution of female stock Female stock . .No. 20

24. „ sheep Sheep. ..No. 1 0 0 i • „ poultry .. Poultry ..No. 8 2 0 1 i 26. Supply of poultry houses and Poultry houses and No. of 10 other appliances. appliances. sets.

27. Starting of hatchery Starting of hatchery No. 1

28. Opening of veterinary First First aid centres. No. 5 aid centre.

29. Supply of cream separator Supply of cream No. of 4 and milk cans and weigh­ separator etc., sets. ing machines. 252

Statement No. 24— (Cantd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed

Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

30. Opening of minor veterinary Opening of dispensaries. No. 2 Dispensaries.

31. Cattle Farm at Chintapalli . . Continuance of cattle No. 1 farm.

Cottage Industries.

32. Scheme for bamboo and Training of candidates. No. 60 Rattan basket making.

33. Scheme for Mat Weaving do do 60 with Tunga.

34. Scheme for Tanning De­ do do 160 monstration units.

35. Extension of Palmyrah Giving training to fibre in Guram Taluq. tribal people.

Covvmunications,

86. Road from Lammasingi to Roads. .Miles. 5i G. Madugole.

37. Fair eather road from do do 9 Paderu to Sujankota.

88. Fair weather road from do do 1 Paderu to Orissa border {via) Hukumpeta.

89. Fair weather road from do , do 12i Gudem to Dharakonda with major bridges. ^5^

S t a t e m e n t N o . 24— (Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Name of the Scheme Target proposed S. NO' Item No. Target

(4) (1) (2) (3) (5)

40. Fair weather road from Construction of a bridge. No. • 1 Minimalur Ghat Road From M. 20/1 Anakapalli Madu^ula road to Paderu.

41. Road from Pedavalasa to Formation of road .Miles. H Katragadda.

42. Road from Kurupam to do . do H Mulagedu.

43. Fair weather road from . do - . do 10 Addatigala to Ramavaram.

44. Road from Sethanapalli to Construction of a bridge... No. Addatigala and thence to Cheruvukommapalem.

45. From 2210 Rajahmundry Mareaumilli Road to M 26/0 of Samalkota- Gokavaram road.

46. Four village roads. (1) Chodavaram Village ^ Completion of old works. Road. (2) Kasinagaram village Road. (8) Pragalapalli village Road. (4) Nellipudi village Road

*7. From Rampachodavaram to Road Miles. Bhadracnalam wa Mared- umilli and Lakkavarsm. 254

Statement No. 24—(Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

S. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit T arget

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

48. From Sujanakota to Duduma Road. Miles. |

49. From Gangavaram to join Completion of work. M.D.R. No. 6 in Rajahmundry taluk.

50. From Kunavaram to Road. Miles. 8| Pochavaram via.y Ippur.

Village Roads.

51. Formation of small village roads and petty repairs to the existing roads.

Medical.

52. Improvements to Govt. Improvements to Hospital and Quarters foil Hospital at Bhadrachalam staff. and quarters for staff.

53. Visits by Medical Officers in Visakhapatnam District.

54. Conversion of Dispensary at Conversion of dispensary No. 1 Chintapalli into 12 beded into hospital. hospital. 55. Conversion of Dispensary at do No. 1 K.D. Peta into a hospital and quarters for staff.

56. Opening of a mobile medical Mobile medical unit. No. 1 unit at sitampet.

57. Opening of a hospital at El* Hospital No. 1 winpeta. 255

S t a t e m e n t N o . 2 4 —(Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

S. ■ Name of the Scheme Target proposed Mo. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

58. Improvements to the Dis­ pensary at Cherla and hospital at Venkatapuram.

59. Opening of a mobile unit at Mobile unit No. 1 Nuguru.

60. Opening of a dispensary at Dispensary No. 1 Thonam.

61. Improvements to Govern­ Improvements. ment hospital at Pola- varam.

62. Opening of mobile medical Mobile unit. No. 1 unit at Polavaram.

68. Construction of semi-per­ Semi-permanent buildings and quarters for manent buildings for staff. hospital at Araku valley and Quarters for staff.

64. CoBstruction of buildings for •• dispensary and quarters for staff at Seethampet.

65. Improvements to Govt, Improvements to the dispensary. dispensary at Jeelugumilli in Polavaram Taluk.

66. Opening of dispensary with Opening of a dispensary No. 1 an emergency ward at Sujanrkota. / 67. Opening of dispensary with do do 1 an emergency ward at G. Madugula. 256

Statement No. 24 (Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

S. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No, Item Unit Target

( ) (1) 2 (3) (4) (5)

Public Health.

68. Maternity and child Health Maternity and child No. centres for tribals. Health centres.

69. Antimalarial operations. .. Coverage of villages. . .No. 1,378 70. Anti Yaws campaign in Sri- Extension of the scheme to Srikakulam kakulam District. district.

Development of Araku Valley.

71. Construction of quarters for .. .. staff and hospital and protected water supply to townsViip.

Land Colonisation.

72. Tajangi land colonisation (a) settlement of families No. 200 h) reclamation. . .Acres. 4,000

73. Mampakinchuvaripalem (а) Settlement of families No. 50 land colonisation. (б) Reclamation. . .Acres. 800

74. Kuddapalli colonisation. .. (a) Settleme»t of families No. 100 (6) Reclamation. . Acres. 500

75. Gujjumamidivoleru colonisa- (a) Settlement of No. • lOO tion. families. (6) Reclamation. . Acres. 700

76. Land colonisation schemes at Colonisation of tribals Jeelugumilli in W.G. Dt. and iGninabad, Pochavaram and G^ngavaram in East Godavari. 257

St a t e m e n t N o . 2^-^Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan,

Sri. Name of the Scheme Target proposed .Vo. : Item Unit Target

(4) (1) (2) (8) (5)

Major Irrigation.

77. r Reservoir across Tajangi- Completion of work. gedda.

78. Formation of irrigation tank at M. 5/5 Bridle Path near Irrigation. . .Acres. 80 Chompi village.

79. Coastniction of anicut across Completion of work • • • • •• Utla Kalv^a.

80. Repairs to Pamanur tank do ......

81. Formation of an irrigation Irrigation of land .. Acres, 75 tank at M. 2/0 to M. 4/0 of Bridle path near Madugula.

82. Restoration of Kollivera tank. Completion of work. .. .. • •

83. Improvements and repairs to do .. .. • • Kondapalli tank.

84. Formation of irrigation tank Irrigation. .. Acres, 45 at M. 4/0 of Bridle Path near Nandiguda (v).

85. Anicut across Tajangigedda Completion of work .. .. • •

86., Restoration of Chinna do .. .. • • Midigileru tank.

87. Anicut across Chinnagadda .. Irrigation .. Acres, 450

88. Construction of Anicut at Completion of work • • • • • • Pallangi Vetsalavadapadu tank. 33 258

Statement No. 24,~~{Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

Minor Irrigation

89. 26 minor irrigation schemes Repairs to Minor Irriga- No. 26 in agency areas of East tion Tanks. Godavary District. Fisheries 90. Development of Fisheries and distribution of finger lings to tribals. Radios 91. Installation of 115 radios in Installation of radio sets . No. 115 • • Agency areas. 92.. Finance and Co-operative Corporation in Visakha- patnam district. Co-operation 93. Development of Kota-Rama- (а) supply of domestic Value 1,20,000 chandrapuram Marketing requirements. in Rs. Co-operative Society in (б) Purchase of forest Polavaram Taluk. produce. >> 60,000 (c) Issue of loans 4,50,000 94. Development of Atmakur {a) supply of domestic re­ Value 2,45,000 Co-operative Society for quirements. in Rs. Chenchus. (6) purchase of forest 55,000 produce. 95. Formation of purchase and {a) supply of domestic yy 1 1,00,000 sale society at Dornal in requirements. Kurnool District. (6) purchase of forest 99 41,500 produce. 96. Development of Anantagiri (a) supply of domestic Value 75,000 Agency Co-operative Socie- requirements. (6) Pur­ in Rs. ty. chase of forest produce. do 50,000 259

• Statem ent No. 24— (CoiUd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

Sri. Name of the Scheme Target proposed Xo- Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4,) (5)

(c) Issue of loans Rs. 80,000 97. Development of Gudem agency co-operative (a) supply of domestic society. requirements .. do 75.000 (6) purchase of forest produce .. do 50.000 (c) Issue of Loans .. do 20.000 98, i^dministration—Additional staff in the Office of the ! Registrar of Co-operative Societies. Rural Water Supply ; 99. Digging of drinking water Wells. .. ..No. 150 wells in Agency villages. WoTtien Welfare : 100. Opening of Women Welfare Opening of women welfare No. 12 branches in agency areas. branches.

101. Refresher course for field Refresher course to No. 80 staff. field staff. 102.’ Social assistance to sick, Women to be benefited. . .No. 200 . infirm etc., ^ 103. Additional staff in the Office Staff scheme. of the Director of Women Welfare. 104. Establishment of Tribal • • Research Institute for ■ ii. f t Agency areas. 105. Staff in the Director of Tri­ ' staff scheme. bal Welfare and a section in the Secretariat. 106. Soil conservation t .. • # 1 107. Aid to voluntary agencies .. . . ' 1 . . • • 260

Statement No. 24— {Contd.) WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES Targets proposed for the Second Plan

SI. Name of the Scheme Target proposed No. Item Unit

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

TELANGANA. Education* 1. Award of Scholarships * * Scholarships to students of (a) Higher and Lower No. 1,100 Secondary {b) Primary classes .No. 8,300 2. Opening of Hostels .. Opening of new hostels . .No. 3 3. Opening of Schools .. Opening of new schools . .No. 20 4. Grant-in-aid to Private Hostels students to be benefited .No. 100 Agriculture: 5. Supply of Plough bullocks .. Supply of plough bullocks.No. 838 of pairs.

6.- Supply of seeds and imple­ supply of seeds and im­ No. 500 ments. plements to tribal fami­ lies. 7. Demonstration farms .. Opening of demonstra­ No. 2 tion farms. Cottage Industries 8. Sericulture scheme .. opening of a sericulture No. 1 farm. 9. Handicrafts centres .. Handicrafts centres .No. 20 10. Training-cum-production opening of production No. 3 centre. cum training centres. 11. Roads constructio i .. l2. Sinking of wells .. .. (a) sinking of new wells..No. 60 (b) repairs of old wells .No. 70 Rehabilitatioti: 13. Construction of colonies .. construction of colonies . .No. 20 Miscellaneous : U. Cultural activities .. . , 15. Administration .. StaJff scheme. 16. Co-operative stores .. organisation of co-opera­ No. 10 tive stores. 17. Forest co-operative societies .. organisation of forest co­ No. 8 operative societies. 261

C h a p t e r XXXI. WOMEN WELFARE A comprehensive social welfare programme would include among other things schemes for welfare of wo­ men and children. In a society where almost all of them are economically dependent, with negligible ex­ ceptions, their vulnerability to social vices when placed in pecuniary circumstances, is great. In the past the few welfare activities were entirely carried on by vo­ luntary agencies with donations from philanthropic in­ dividuals. In the larger interest of the community these voluntary agencies have not only to be encour­ aged and assisted in extending their scope of activities but the State should also actively participate. How­ ever, during the First Plan period no schemes for wo­ men welfare were implemented in the State. This la*- cuna is proposed to be filled in during the Second Plan period and 6 schemes are proposed to be taken up in Andhra area at a total cost of Rs 24.26 lakhs. Appen­ dix X X I X will furnish break-up of the Plan provision into Revenue, Capital, Loans and Advances etc. Under these schemes, during the plan period, 900 destitutes, widows and deserted wives and 360 children will be admitted in the Service Homes where the in­ mates will, in addition to relief, medical aid and protec­ tion, be offered educational facilities and training in various handicrafts. As one of the principal limitations to welfare work is lack of trained personnel, it is pro­ posed to start a training centre where 64 women wel­ fare organisers would be trained. To meet the needs of unemployed girls and women of Low Income Groups and backward classes, the plan envisages starting of technical courses like typewriting, shorthand and com­ mercial subjects in the vocational training centres to benefit 3,600 women. 226 women who are stranded and forced by circumstances to go astray will also be protected and rendered financial assistance and tech­ nical guidance. The branches of women welfare orga­ nisation will be provided with equipment and key ma­ terials. The targets proposed to be achieved during the Plan period under all the schemes will be found in State­ ment 25. 262

St a t e m e n t N o . 25

WOMEN WELFARE.

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

T arget proposed. Sri. Name of the scheme. No. Item. Unit. Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

ANDHRA.

1. Opening of Service Homes Admission o f ; (а) Women . No. 900 (б) Children . do 360

2. Training of Field Staff Training of women wel­ fare organisers . do 64

8. Vocational Training Centres for women Women to be benefited .. do 3,600

4. Expansion of Administration Staff Scheme

5. Rehabilitation programme Rehabilitation of women do 226

6. Improvement of existing bran­ ches . Supply of equipment Rs. , and key materials . in 1 *54 lakhs. 268

C h a p te r X X X H SOCIAL WELFARE. Some of the important social problems like poverty, ignorance, over-population and rural backwardness are of a general nature and in varying degree, they are influenced by factors like squalor and bad housing, malnutrition and physical and mental ill-health, neglected childhood, family disorganisation and a low standard of living. The econo­ mic programmes of the First Five-Year Plan have mitigated to some extent, these problems but the gains of economic development have to be maintained and consolidated by well conceived and organised Social welfare programmes. Among the more important of the Social welfare problems are those relating to women and children. As part of the First Five-Year Plan the Central Government set up a Central Social Welfare Board with the object especially of assisting voluntary agencies in organising welfare pro­ grammes for women and children and the handicapped groups. The Board has, in turn, in collaboration with State Governments, organised State Social Welfare Boards. The Board has also taken up welfare extension Projects. These Projects are designed to extend welfare services to women and children in the rural areas. The programmes and activities in the project relate to the welfare of women and children. They comprise Balwadis (Community Cen­ tres and pre-basic schools) maternity and infant health ser­ vices, Social Education for Women, Arts and Crafts Cen­ tres and some general cultural and recreational activities. Each Project is a unit of 25 contiguous villages with an aver­ age population of 25,000 served by a multi-purpose welfare programme relating to women, children and the physically handicapped. Every project will normally have 5 centres catering to 5 villages each. These programmes are worked by whole time village level women workers assisted by numerous part-time workers. All of them are under the close guidance of a Project Implementing Committee which comprises a majority of non-official women social workers representing various welfare extension institutions func­ tioning in the district. On the Official side, there would be one or two representatives of the district administration, most closely associated with the welfare extension pro­ gramme. During the First Plan period, 23 welfare extension Projects were started in Andhra Pradesh—17 in Andhra and 6 in Telangana. The districts where they were located and the centres for each project will be seen from the following table. 264

T a b l e 2 6

District Project No. Centres

ANDHRA 1. Srikakulam .. First .. 1. Ampolu. 2. Korlakota. 8. Urlam. 4. Cheedipudi. 5. Nawpada. 2. Srikakulam .. Second .. 1. Bobbili. 2. Piridi. 8. Chintada. 4. Paradi. 5. Therlam. 8. Visakhapatnam . .First .. 1. Balachervu. 2. Nellimukhu. 8. Nadupuru. 4. Gajuvaka. 5. Sriharipuram. 4. East Godavari .. First .. 1. Dawlaiswaram. 2. Burgupudi. 3. Vedullapalli. 4. Gadarada. 5. Rajanagaram. 5. West Godavari .. First .. 1. Royalam. 2. Dirusumarru. 3. Tundurlu. 4. Mallavaram, 5. Lakshmaneswaram. 6. West Godavari .. Second .. 1. Rayakuderu. 2. Jutiga. 3. Iragavaram. 4. Pekeru. 5. Kanuru. 7. Krishna .. First .. 1. Poranki 2. Penamalur. 3. Nunna. 4. Uppalur. 5. Tadepalli. 8. Krishna .. Second .. 1. Tavisipudi. 2. Lankapalli. 3. Nimmakur. 4. Kosur 5. Chinaogirala. 9. Guntur .. First .. 1. Majampadu. 2. Jaggapuram. 3. Nadendla. 4. Munikipudi. 5. Thondapi. 6. Valaparla. 7. Gannavaram. 10. Guntur .. Second .. 1. PatchatadipaTru. 2. Peravali. 3. Ullipalem. 4. Dronadula. 5. Martur. 11. Nellore .. First .. 1. Sangham. 2. Korimarla. 3. Marripadu. 4. Siddareddi- palem. 5. Dundigam. 6. Chennur. 7. Padamatipalem. 8. Annareddipalem. 9. Velpodu. 10. Dagadarthi. 12. Nellore . Second .. 1. Tada. 2. Chemigunta. 8. Mambathi. 4. Vatambedu. 5. Irakam. 6. Venadu. • ^ 0 5

T a b le 26— (Contd.)

District Project No. Centres

13. C'hittoor .. First ..1. Yadamarri. 2. Vennampalli, Mittoor. 3. Nampalle. 4. Prodatorpet. 5. Koveri, Rajapuram. 6. Kavanur. 7. Gudipala. 14. Cuddapah .. First .. 1. Nandimandalam. 2. Lakki- reddipalem. 3. Gadikota. 4. Y. Kothapalli. 5. Balparru, 15. Anantapur .. First .. 1. Rapthad. 2. Marur. 3. Kanagurapalle. 4. Kuntimaddi. 5. Kambadur. 16. Anantapur .. Second .. 1. Singanamala. 2. Peravali. 3. Gugudu. 4. Chukkalur. 5. Kristipadu. 17. Kumool .. First .. 1. Ravipadu. 2. Bhramhama- kothur. 3. Gorantla. 4. Hosur. 5. Kodimur. TELANGANA 1. Hyderabad .. First ..1. Nacharam 2. Peduppala. 3. Ramanathapuram. 4. Korrave- mala. 5. Ankushapuram. 6. Edulabad. 2. Khamam .. First 1. Ekur. 2. Burdharghavapuram. 3. Timmaraopeta. 4. Julurpadu. 5. Papakolu. 6. Kakarla. 7. Chandragonda. 8. Siripuram. (Sujatnagar.) 3. Karimnagar .. First 1. Uppal. 2. Kamalapur. 3. Vabbupur. 4. Gudur. 5. Dandepalli. 4. Nalgonda .. First 1. Yadifirpally. 2. Motokoder. 3. Choker. 4. Wamgapalle. 5. Kolampak. 5. Mahboobnagar .. First 1. Midgal. 2. Gangapur. 3. Jadcherla. 4. Janampet.’ 5. Anna Sagar. 6. Adilabad .. First 1. Bhatpalle. 2. Bimpur. 3. Andavalle. 4. Chintaguda. 5. Bareguda.

34 26G

Under the Second Five-Year Plan, a programme of three-fold expansion is envisaged in the welfare extension Projects. This will mean that, by the end of the Second Plan Period each district will have 4 welfare extension pro­ jects including those started during the First Plan Period. The essential feature of a Welfare Extension Project is that it is run by non-official agencies and relies on an ele­ ment of voluntary effort expressed in terms of contribution to a certain extent. Thus, of the total expenditure incurred on a project, 50 per cent is borne by the Central Social Wel­ fare Board and the balance will be shared by the State Gov­ ernment and the public in equal proportions. A sum of Rs. 37.37 lakhs has been provided in the Second Plan for these Welfare Extension Projects of which Rs. 18.69 lakhs will be borne by the Centre by way of Grants. Certain Social evils are products of inherent mal-adjvist- ments in the Social order and their complete eradication needs basic social adjustments. Problems relating to Social and Moral hygiene and the provision of ‘after care’ services were studied by two advisory committees set up by the Central Social Welfare Board and programmes have been drawn up for establishing a large number of homes and shelters in the States. During the Second Plan Period, 3 State Homes and 10 District Shelters will be opened in the State for which a provision of Rs. 12.66 lakhs has been made in the plan. Out of this, Rs. 6.33 lakhs will be avail­ able from the Centre by way of grants. The State Homes are intended for the ‘after care’ of persons, men and women, discharged from correctional institutions like Jails, reforma­ tories etc. These persons will be permitted to stay in the homes only till such time as may be needed to enable them to stand on their feet. It is proposed to have training-cwm- production imits where suitable crafts and trades will be taught with the ultimate object of settling them in gainful employment in useful trades. In each Home, there will be a separate section for young persons between the ages of 16 and 21. There will be roughly 100 inmates in each Home. District Shelters are proposed for persons requiring ‘after care’ and for housing them for a temporary period before their transfer to one of the State Homes. In each District Shelter there will be 25 inmates. Appendix X X X will furnish the details of Plan provi­ sion under Social Welfare and from statement 26 can be seen the targets proposed to be reached during the Secon

S t a t e m e n t No 26

SOCIAL WELFARE

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

T a k g e t p r o p o s e d • I 4 -l-»/-k *• yj± L i i c f

D . Item Unit Target f ...... i (2J (8) (4 ) (5)

Andhra Pradesh

Social Welfare Extension Projects Social Welfare Projects No. 57*

Social and Moral Hygiene . . State Homes No. 3

District Shelters No. 10

* 0 f this, 30 will be in Telangana area. 268

C h a p t e r XXXIII

DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITAL Consequent on the Reorganisation of States and the for­ mation of Andhra Pradesh with the Capital at Hyderabad, the need arose for providing adequate accommodation for Officers, Offices and Staff. At the discussions held in Delhi in July 1956 between the representatives of Andhra and Hyderabad Govermnents and the Planning Commission it was agreed that there should be a provision of Rs. 228 lakhs for the development of capital. This provision includes schemes under the two phases viz., (i) Schemes relating to the immediate requirements; and (ii) Schemes relating to the future programme.

The entire provision of Rs. 228 lakhs was to be found from the plan of Andhra area but for the present a provi­ sion of Rs. 152 lakhs has been made available towards the development of capital and the balance of Rs. 76 lakhs will be provided in due course.

The proposed schemes under the development of capi­ tal during the Second Plan Period are construction of an additional floor over the existing temporary secretariat buildings; additional buildings, improvements to the existing buildings and sheds for the staff of the High Court; extension to the existing Legislative Assembly; construction of 200 quarters for the M.L.A.s; 100 quarters for the Junior Officers and 1,000 quarters for the staff,* besides construction of staff quarters and garages to Rajbhavan.

All the money required for the building programme is expected to be available from the Centre by way of loan. The plan provisions for each scheme included in the develop­ ment of capital will be found in Appendix X X X I.

The targets proposed for each scheme can also be seen from statement 27. 269

Statem ent N o . 27

DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITAL

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

1. T a r g e t p r o p o s e d Name o f the scheme [f' Item Unit Target i :) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )

Constructing an additional floor over the existing tem­ porary Secretariat Buildings Additional floor No.

Additional Buildings for office at High Court .. Additional Building do

Iniprovem^'nts and Special re­ pairs to High Court Improvements

Sheds for the staff in the High Court Sheds No

Extension to the existing Le­ gislative Assembly Buildings Extension of Buildings

improvements etc. to Govern­ ment and Private Buildings in connection with shifting of capital of Andhra Pra- desli Improvements • Constructing quarters for Ju­ nior Officers Quarters No. 100

Constructing 1,000 staff quar­ ters , . Quarters No 1,000

Construction of staff quarters and garages to Raj Bhavan («) Staff Quarters do 125 (b) Garages do 6 (c) Office room do 1 Constructing quarters for M.L.A.S Quarters do 200 Other Schemes m

C h a p t e e XXXIV

MUNICIPAL ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT WORKS

The functions of Panchayats are conceived widely enough to prompt them to comprehend most of the civic and economic activities of the village community. But generally speaking these Panchayats, during the recent past, have not expanded their resources to any great extent and have found it almost difficult even to maintain the existing level of services, let alone actively implementing any of the developmental activi­ ties. During the First Five-Year Plan there was no provision either for the development of Municipalities or of Panchayats or for assisting the Panchayats to take some of the develop­ mental activities. However, during the Second Five-Year Plan period, a provision of Rs. 47.54 lakhs has been made for the Ajidhra area towards the development of municipal roads and other works. Of the total provision of Rs. 47.54 lakhs, a sum of Rs. 2. 24 lakhs is earmarked for the additional estab- lisliment in the office of the Director of Town Planning and the balance of Rs. 45.30 lakhs will be distributed as loans to the various local bodies. During the course of the Second Plan, it is proposed that the Panchayats and the Municipalities as­ sisted by way of loans, would build or improve 30 markets, 3 high school buildings, 4 wells and tanks, 1 theatre, 20 cart stands, 3 elementary school buildings, 2 maternity and child welfare centres, 1 stadium, 1 latrine, 5 slaughter hovises, 1 park and 14 village roads.

Appendix X X X I I will show the details of the plan pro­ vision for the various schemes proposed for implementation in the Andhra area during the Second Five-Year Plan. State­ ment No. 28 will furnish the targets proposed under each of the schemes contemplated. 271

Sta te m e n t N o . 28.

MUNCIPAL ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT WORK?

Targets proposed for the Second Plan

L r Tablet proposed ir’ Name of the scheme f ' Item Unit Target

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5)

1 . Markets Markets .. No. 80

2. Higk School Buildings. Buildings. .. do S

3. Wells and Tanks Wells and Tanks. .. do 4

4. Theatres Theatre .. do 1

5. Carls, Bus and Lorry stands Carts etc., stands .. do 20

6. Elementary School Buildings Buildings .. do 3

7. Town Planning Schemes Schemes .. do 5

8. Maternity and Child Welfare Centres .. do 2 Centres. 9. Stadium Stadium .. do 1

110. Other Buildings .. Buildings .. do 6

u . Latrines Latrines .. do 1

12. Slaughter houses Slaughter Houss do 5

13. Roads Roads .. do 14

14. Parks, palygrounds and Parks .. do 1 swimming pools. ( 272

C h a pte e x x x y

BROADCASTING

Radios are a powerful media of transmitting knowledge especially to the illiterates and neoliterates. Installation of community radio sets would go a long way in acquainting the people with the various activities of the Government and edu­ cating them.

Under the National Plan, facilities for rural listening are proposed to be considerably extended so as to enable the rural population to benefit from the broadcast coverage which has been provided under the First Plan and which will be further extended under the Second Plan. The Govenment of India have agreed to pay Rs. 125 per set as subsidy towards part of the cost of a set the remaining being paid by the allottees.

People in the villages are taking keen interest in this amen­ ity and are contributing at Rs. 120 per set per annum towards maintenance of radio sets. State Government is subsidising the remaining cost of maintenance, i.e., at Rs. lOO per set per annum.

In the State Plan, provision is made for the installation and maintenance of 6,200 commimity radio sets, 5,000 in Andhra and 1,200 in Telangana, at a gross expenditure of Rs. 50.34 and 11.86 lakhs respectively. Deducting the re­ ceipts from the people and subsidy from Government of India from the above gross expenditure, the Tiet plan expenditure for Andhra and Telangana would be Rs. 18.54 and 4.30 lakhs respectively. The financial break up of the net plan provi­ sions of the two schemes, is furnished in the appendix X X X II I and the targets in Statement 29, 273

S t a t e m e n t N o. 29

BROADCASTING

Targets proposed for the Second Plan.

i. Name of the Scheme. T a r g e t p r o p o s e d . ------^------Item. Un it. Target,

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ANDHRA

H, Ins.tal\ation and maintenance Radio sets .. ..No. 5,000 of Community Radio sets.

TELANGANA

1. Installation and maintenance Radio sets . .No. 1,200 of Community Radio sets. ik

85 274

C h a p t e r XXXVI

PUBLICITY.

A widespread understanding of the plan is an essential stage in its fulfilment. The people should be able to see how progress in different directions is inter-related and effort in one field strengthens as well as demands efforts in other fields. A clear knowledge of the priorities of the plan will also enable each person to relate his or her role to the larger purposes of the nation as a whole. And, as is well-known, the plan cannot be a significant success without Community participation. The plan has, therefore, to be carried into every home in the and symbols of the people and expressed in terms of their common needs and problems. During the First Five- Year Plan, there were no schemes towards publicity of the plan. During the Second Plan, however, it is proposed to provide an effective machinery towards the publicity of the plan, having regard to the relative effectiveness of the differ­ ent media.

In Andhra Pradesh, 22 schemes in all 11 in Andhra and 11 in Telangana region—will be implemented at a cost of Rs. 19.70 lakhs—Rs. 10 lakhs for Andhra and Rs. 9.70 lakhs for Telangana. The entire plan cost will be borne by the State. The details of the schemes together with the financial break-up will be found in Appendix X X X IV .

The programmes for the Second Plan period provide for setting up a chain of information centres, provision of literature on different aspects of the plan. Films, Audio Visual Aids, organisation of mobile vans for field publicity, etc. There will be a publicity unit for each district which will have a 16 m.m. Cinema Projection Equipment, a gramophone re­ corder, public address equipment, a mobile exhibition, a col­ lection of basic books and a simple collapsible stage. Each district will also have a District Information Centre at the headquarters. 6 publicity vans and equipment for Andhra area and 8 publicity vans for Telangana area will also be acquired during the Second Plan Period. Provision is also made for film publicity. Other media of communication, viz, press, books and publications, song and drama and exhibition will also be utilised for an effective and integrated publicity programme in the State with special reference to plan publicity. 275

C h a p t e r X X X V II BUREAU OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS. At the time of the formulation of the First Five-Year Plan, reliable statistics were lacking for many important sec­ tors of the economy. Planners became increasingly aware of the importance of having at their disposal quantitative in­ formation on a wide variety of subjects in order to permit intelligent planning, and to base the decisions regarding the diverse and complex economic and social problems of the present time. The essential task of planning would be a continuous balancing of demand and supply of machinery, materials and labour. Planning must, therefore, take care of short-period balances in the form of annual plans and work out plans for the future of a reasonable range of 10, 20 or 30 years and more. In this type of Planning, an in­ creasing volume of statistical information would be needed for the formulation of both the current and the perspective plans. Also, owing to gaps or inaccuracies of technical and statistical data, imforeseen impacts of economic conditions outside India, unexpected changes in the domestic economy and other disturbing factors it is inevitable that small or large deviations from the plan would continually occur. There would be need, therefore, to make a continuing ap­ praisal of the implementation of the plan in both financial and physical terms and to use this information to make necessary adjustments in both the current and perspective plans. The statistical system should, therefore, supply a regular flow of information which would assess the progress of the plan and also assist in the continuing formulation and revision of current and perspective plans. Further, any systematic planning would require a con­ siderable volume of information relating to capital output and capital employment ratios, norms of output, norms of consumption for various materials, and man-power require­ ments in different fields of economic development. The in­ formation at present available is extremely limited and can­ not yet be used to any great extent in elaborating a plan of economic development. Also statistics of prices, wages, pro­ duction, employment, patterns of consumption, distribution of income, etc., are very important. There is need, therefore, for a large number of technical studies and Socio-Economic surveys in which technicians, economists and statisticians have to be associated. 276

Apart from collection, compilation and supply of adequate and reliable data for intelligent planning, an objective ap­ praisal or systematic evaluation has to become a normal administrative practice in all branches of public activity, more so, in an era of planned development. Planning would es­ sentially mean allocation of priorities to match the needs and resources of the country. How these priorities and program­ mes are being received and what their impacts on the economy of the country are, are questions which arise at every stage in the implementation of a plan of development. Evalua­ tion is, therefore, an essential aid to policy and is a branch of research which is oriented primarily to the needs of an action programme. It would be an essential task of the statistical service to provide this evaluation and to constantly develop techniques of evaluation. While in Andhra area, no separate statistical organisation was established after the partition of the composite Madras State, the full-fledged Bureau of Economics and Statistics in the former Hyderabad State had to be expanded to meet the heavier demands for statistical data for the whole state which in previous years were not considered as essential. No special schemes were implem^ted during the First Plan Period for the development of statistics in both Andhra and Telangana regions but during the Second Plan, 9 schemes are proposed to be taken up at an estimated cost of Rs. 24.70 lakhs. As the schemes would cover the entire State, it is not proposed to show them separately for Andhra and Telangana regions though a sum of Rs. 5.70 lakhs, from the outlay on Telangana area, is earmarked for utilisation on development of statistics. Out of the total plan provision of Rs. 24.70 lakhs, a sum of Rs. 14.05 lakhs is expected to be available from the Centre by way of subsidy to finance all the 9 schemes. The provision for each scheme together with the quantum of Central Assistance will be found in A p­ pendix X X X V .

The details of work proposed to be turned out under each scheme included in the Second Plan are outlined below: 1. Socio-Economic Survey.—Under this scheme, data on the following subjects will be collected. (a) Data relating to demographic characteristics of population with special reference to family size, fertility rates, marriage rates, birth and death rates, etc., incomes, consumption and savings, indebtedness, investment and capital formation; (,6) Data relating to employment, unemployment and under employment. (c‘) Data relating to the volume of wholesale and retail trade; transport. {d) Data relating to the changes in agricultural practices and effects of land reforms in general. {e) Statistics relating to agricultural costs and v^^ages and (/) Small scale and village industries. *

2. Establishment of unit for assessment of progress under the Plan. It is proposed to establish a statistical unit to assess periodically the progress achieved imder ‘ Individual Pro­ jects ’ of the Second Five-Year Plan in relation to physical and financial targets and to measure periodically the aggre­ gate results due to impact of the plan as a whole on the economy and also for developing a system of achievement audit in respect of important projects. The functions of the unit will be: {a) Organisation and maintenance of a complete and up-to-date list of individual projects under the plan showing the geographic location, detailed character and specification of work; name, designation and address of the authority in immediate charge who can be contacted for detailed particulars and periodic targets in terms of physical units, expenditure, employ­ ment of various categories and incomes created in the form of wages, salaries, profits, etc., (5) prescribing of suitable standardised forms for the collection and compilation of data in respect of individual projects, scrutiny, analysis, tabula­ tion and submission to the Planning Commis­ sion of the statistical data on the several schemes and preparing periodical progress reports. 278

(c) Carrying out annual economic and statistical analysis and assessing the impact of develop­ ment on the general economic condition of the people of the State; {d) preparation and maintenance of various charts, graphs and maps on scientific lines showing the periodical achievements in respect of the several projects and the plan as a whole; and (e) Rendering advisory service and technical assist­ ance to various departments of the Government in the maintenance of proper records and re­ gisters with the sole object of ensuring timely action on the placement of orders for key raw materials, equipment, etc., and in ensuring deliveries of such orders at project sites so that execution of projects is not held up for want of materials, machinery, spare parts, etc., at the proper time.

3. In-service Training: Under this, scheme, the existing as well as new staff at various levels will be trained for statistical and economic work of the Bureau. The scheme also provides for refresher train­ ing every year to the members of the staff.

4. District Statistical Agency: The conference of State Agriculture and co-operation Ministers held in 1953 recommended the appointment of Dis­ trict Statistical Officers for proper scrutiny and prompt sub­ mission of Agricultural Statistics at the district level and this recommendation was reiterated by the conference of the Directors of Land Records and Agricultural Statisticians held in December, 1954. Again, the Agricultural prices enquiry Committee appointed by the Government of India recommended that “ as a measure of permanent improvement in the system of reporting of not only agricultural prices but also the various types of statistical data in the different spheres, one statistical officer should be appointed in each district. The Joint Conference of Central and State Statisticians held in 1955 had recommended the setting up of a District Statistical Agency in each district. In pursuance of these recommendations and in order to have whole-time field staff 279 to check and supervise the statistical work in the district, it is proposed to appoint a District Statistical Officer in each district with a small supporting staff. The functions of the district statstical agency will be:— 1. To act as a supervisory and co-ordinating agency at the district level for the improvement of the statistics col­ lected through primary agencies and for timely submission of the data to the Bureau. 2. To ensure that the data collected confirms to cer­ tain minimum standards. 3. To verify price data collected for compilation of Index Numbers of Pnces. 4. To collect such economic and statistical data which are either not available at present or are extremely meagre, inadequate or unreliable and for which there is no suitable agency. 5. To assist in the collection of data relating to dis­ trict Plan schemes. ’ 6. To assist in the conduct of sample surveys at the district level.

5. Agro-Economic Research: The object of this scheme is to conduct intensive and ex­ tensive studies regarding the cost of production of major crops grown in the major zones of Andhra Pradesh and the management of farms under different conditions and accord­ ing to holdings of different sizes. The main emphasis of the scheme will, however, be on: {a) Estimation of the requirements of labour, cattle, seed, manure fertilisers, etc., for the produc­ tion of principal crops in the State; (h) Estimating the cost of production of crops; (c) Collection of data regarding farm management such as (i) size of farms in relation to the efficient factor combination and in respect of farm income; (ii) types of farming, whether specialised, diversified or intensive and their effects on the results of farming and (in) forms of tenure and their effect on produc­ tivity and costs; and 280

{d) Collection of data on various items required for constructing the Index numbers of parity prices, i.e., prices received and prices paid by the farmers such as prices of food, clothing lighting, etc., and cost of production and prices of various agricultural commodities grown in the several tracts selected.

6. Economics of Cottage and Small Scale Industries: Greater emphasis has been placed during the Second Plan on the development of Cottage Industries. But lack of adequate data about the economics.of these industries is keenly felt. To fill up this lacuna, it is proposed to collect all the essential data regarding output, raw materials, power and fuel, man-power used, employment, capital, earnings, production, distribution, etc., in respect of a group of select­ ed small scale and cottage industries in the State.

7. Index Numbers of Agricultural Production: The former Hyderabad as well as Andhra States were compiling indices of agricultural production on the lines of the All-India series of Index numbers of Agricultural Pro­ duction issued by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. But with the Reorganisation of States, the existing series of Index numbers had to be discontinued. A new weighting pattern re­ levant to the new State of Andhra Pradesh has to be evolved and a series of index numbers worked out for the State.

The question of compilation of indices of economic activity was also examined at the 5th Joint Conference of the Central and State Statisticians held in 1956 which inter alia recom­ mended that the “ indicators proposed (including agricul­ tural production) should be prepared in the state and in the country as a whole.” It is, therefore, proposed to undertake the compilation of the indices of agricultural production for Andhra Pradesh and also construct a series for the previous years from 1950-51.

8. Surveys on non-food Crops: With a view to obtaining reliable estimates of production of non-food crops, it has been decided to extend the scope of the present crop estimation surveys on food crops to the 281

principal non-food crops also during the Second Plan Period. The surveys on Groundnut, Sesamum and Castor, will (i) estimate the average yield per acre and annual production in important districts and in the state as a whole (ii) improve the existing method of forecasting of these crops and {Hi) revise the present set of normal yields.

9. Bedudng the work load of primary reporting agencies: The conference of the Directors of Land Records held in December, 1954 has made several recommendations for the improvement of agricultural statistics. One of the recom­ mendations is to reduce the work load of the primary reporter viz., the Karnam. It was felt that during recent years the work load of the primary reporter has considerably increased due to various developmental activities and it was therefore suggested that the jurisdiction of the primary reporter should be reduced wherever it is found excessive so that reporting work may be efficient and accurate. It is, therefore, propos­ ed to appoint additional Karnams in villages where the aTea exceeds 7,000 acres.

3a

PART III APPENDICES A pp e n d ) Phasing of plan FrovisH

1956-57 Serial Head of Development, No. Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh

1 2 8 4 5 1. Agricultural Production 67.280 14.790 82.02

2. Minor Irrigation •• 16.110 86.250 52.36:

3. Land Development •• 8.500 8.50

4. Animal Husbandry • • •• 7.150 0.050 7.2G

5. Dairying and-Miik’Stfj^ly " " t).'460 .. 0.4^

6. Forests • « 4.170 8.000 7.11

7. Soil Conservation • • 6.780 1.400 8.18

8. Fisheries • • 4.freo 4.78

9. Co-operation • • 12.040 0.804 12.84

.10. Wai'e}ipusing aJ^d Majketing • • 0.650 8.750 4.4<

11. Miscellaneous • • 0.520 0.5S

12. N.E.S. anl Community Projects •• 121.181 87.850 159.0^

I. Agricultural Programmes Total 249.061 97.914 346.9t 18. Multipurpose Projects 250.000 150.000 400.0^

14. Irrigation • •• 349.690 75.800 425.4^ 1I 15. Power • • • • • 860.000 120.850 980.8^

11. Irrigation and Power Total 1.459.690 346.150 1.805.84

16. Major and Medium Industries • ♦ 8.350 8.8J

17. Village and Small Scale Industries 69.580 89.470 109. OJ

III. Industries. Total 72.930 39.470 112.4i

18. Roads • • 34.640 27.480 62.1!

19. Road Transport 285

Second Five-Year Plan (Rs. in lakhs)

1957-68 ’ 1958-59

\ndhra Telangana Andhra Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh Pradesh

6 7 8 9 10 11

99.920 45.030 144.950 123.720 56.285 180.005

31.190 34.930 66.120 65.180 41.540 106.720

5.000 5.000 10.000 5.500 1.630 7.130

28.370 18.420 46.790 83.250 21.640 104.890

6.080 2.540 8.620 24.520 10.310 34.830

10.640 6.730 17.870 17.820 11.100 28.920

16.470 5.340 21.810 14.720 7.270 21.990

10.330 8.060 18.390 22.090 10.510 32.600

18.770 15.080 38.850 15.980 22.760 38.740

36.550 4.550 41.100 72.160 2.780 74.940

0.250 0.540 0.790 6.300 33.770 40.070

193.000 96.360 289.360 171.215 72.542 243.757

456.570 242.580 699.150 622.455 292.137 914.592

350.000 200.000 550.000 ' 450.000 350.000 800.000

266.020 75.050 341.070 341.510 121.270 462.780

513.270 173.050 686.320 493.000 155.730 648.730

hl29.290 448.100 1,577.390 1,284.510 627.000 1,911.510

45.060 .. 45.060 96.630 .. 96.630

132.800 73.010 205.810 205.600 111.080 376.680

177.860 73.010 250.870 362.230 111.080 473,310

79.210 39.620 118.830 120.500 60,470 181.060 286

A p p e n d i Phasing of plan ProvUio

1959-60 Serial Head of Development. No. Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh

1 2 12 13 14

1. Agricultural Production 90.860 54.634 145.494

2. Minor Irrigation •• 65.180 51.950 117.13(

3. Lan I Development •• 5.500 1.630 7.13(

4. Animal Husbandry • • 68.440 21.360 89.80C

5. Dairying and Milk Supply •• 16.000 8.110 24.lie

6. Forests •• 18.120 12.310 30.43C

7. Soil Conservation •• 17.180 7.410 24.59(

8. Fisheries • • •• 16.980 7.660 24.64(1

9. Co-operation •• 20.160 31.040 51.20d

10. Warehousing and Marketing •• 52.220 2.790 55.01(1

11. Miscellaneous •• 6.310 33.040 39.35(i

12. N.E.S. and Community Projects •• 239.580 128.357 367.931

I. Agricultural Programmes Total 616-530 360.291 976 821

13. Multipurpose Projects •• 550.000 300.000 850.OOC

14. Irrigation • • 139.700 61.340 201.04(

15. Power 244.500 105.740 350.24(| j ' II, Irrigation and Power Total 934.200 467.080 IJOI.28^ 16. Major and Medium Industries •• 83.680 83.68(

17. Village and Small Scale Industries 171.560 85.700 257.26^

I I I, Industries. Total 255.240 S5.700 340.94^

18. Roads •• 160.080 53.220 213.80C

19. Road Transport •• 287

\{Contd). ^ Second Five-year plan (Rs. in lakhs)

1960-61 Total for 1956^t

Andhra Telangana Andhra Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh Pradesh

15 16 17 18 19 20

80.940 53.951 134.891 462.670 224.690 687.360

65.240 36.350 101.590 242.900 201.020 443.920

5.500 1.620 7.120 30.000 9.880 39.88

64.580 22.040 86.620 251.790 83.510 335.300

10.640 3.990 14.630 57.700 24.950 82.650

18.720 12.510 31.230 69.470 45.650 115.120

17.810 7.410 25.220 72.960 28.830 101.790

21.870 8.210 30.080 76.060 34.450 110.510

81.760 46.326 78.086 98.710 115.510 214.220

24.950 2.920 27.870 186.530 16.790 203.320

6.150 24.410 30.560 19.010 92.280 111.290 « 320.024 159.631 479.655 1,045.000 494.740 1,539.740

668.184 379.378 1,047.562 2,612.800 1,372.300 3,985.100

395.000 235.000 630.000 1,995,000 1,235.000 3,230.000

141.680 62.890 204.570 1,238.600 396.350 1,634.950

55.500 60.680 116.180 2,166.270 615.550 2,781.820

592.180 585.570 590. 750 5,399.870 2,246.900 7,646.770

45.000 45.000 273.720 273.720

127.640 75.790 203.430 767.180 385.050 1,152.230

172.640 75.790 248.430 1,040.900 385.050 1,425.950

155.900 38.080 193.980 550.420 218.870 769.290 288

A p ie n d i Phasing of Pla

1950-57

Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh

1 2 8 4 5

IV. Transport. Total 34.640 27.480 62.126 20. Educatio i 66.450 6.890 73.840

21. Medical 38.570 88.670

22. Public Health 147.400 8.900 151.800

23. Housing 21.000 . 56.950 77.95Q

24. Labour and Labour Welfare 0.080 0.080

25. Welfare of Backward Classes and • • 17.080 2.630 19.710 Scheduled Castes. 26. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes. 84.610 2.640 87.25d

27. Women Welfare

28. Social Welfare i V. Social Services Total 325.190 73.010 398.20(i 29. Development of Capital 18.*870 18.87(

30. Municipal Roads and Develop­ 0.200 •• 0.20( ment Works. 1 31. Broadcasting 0.500 0.50(

32. Publicity 0.700 • P 0.70<

33. Bureau of Economics & Statistics •

VI. Miscellaneous. Total 20.270 •• 20.27i

I. Agricultural Programmes 249.061 97.914 846. 97j II. Irrigation and Power 1,459.690 346.150 1,805.84< III. Industries 72.980 39. 470 112.401 IV. Transport 84.640 27.480 62.121 V. Social Services 825.190 78.011 898.20 VI. Miscellaneous 20.270 •• 20.27 Grand Total 2,161.781 584.024 2,745.80 280

—{Conid.) provision for Second Five-Year Plan (Rs. in lakhs) ------1957-58 1958-59

^dhra Telangana Andhra Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh Pradesh

6 7 8 9 10 11

79.210 39.620 118,830 120.590 60.470 181.060 119.860 94.790 214.150 198.850 128.572 817.422

66.490 47.850 118.840 92.650 64.570 157.220

86.860 83.840 119.700 87.450 28.824 66.274

88.890 69.870 108.260 58.450 86.510 139.960

4.850 7.580 12.880 18.830 5.990 19.820

21.260 6.280 27.540 87.584 18.180 50.714

86.720 8.140 89.860 86,700 4.220 40.920

4*460 • • 4*460 6 *590 • • 6*590

6 000 1*850 7*850 9*980 8*850 18 *880

384^390 263-650 648- 040 481-584 330-166 811-750 85-500 • • 85*500 47*680 47 *680

9-560 • • 9*560 18 *810 • • 18 *810

2-460 0*990 8*450 2*980 0*850 8*780

2*180 1*770 8*900 8*270 ^•940 7*210

1*850 1*020 2*870 4*880 1*840 6*170 JOJ- 600 3-780 105-280 71-970 6-130 78-100 Abstract 456 -670 242 *580 699 *150 622 *455 292 *187 914 *592 1,129 -290 448 *100 1,577 *890 1,284 *510 627 *000 1,911 *510 177 -860 78 *010 250 *870 862 *280 111*080 478 *310 79 -210 89 *620 118 *880 120 *590 60 *470 181*060 884 *890 268 *650 648 *040 481 -584 860 *166 811 *750 101 -500 8*780 105 *280 71*970 6*180 78 *100

2,828 -820 1,070 *740 8,899 *560 2,948 *889 1,426 *988 4,870 *822 87 AiPPENDn Phasing of Plm

1959-60

Andhra Telangana Andhra Pradesh

1 2 12 18 14

IV. Transport Total 160.080 53.220 213.300 20. Education • • 194.500 185.299 829.799

21. Medical • • 75.450 58.940 129.890

22. Public Health • • 54.250 42.620 96.870

28. Housing • • • • • • 88.210 58.900 97.110

24. Labour and Labour Welfare •• 14.710 4.710 19.420

25. Welfare of Backward Classes and 88.077 18.180 51.207 Scheduled Castes. 26. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes. -• 87.240 4.810 41.550

27. Women Welfare • • 6.960 •; 6.960 28. Social Welfare • • « • 10.280 4.200 14.480

V. Social Serviced Total 469.627 317.109 786.736 29. Development of Capital * • •• •• 30. Municipal Roads and DeTelop* 14.480 14.480 ment Works. 31. Broadcasting • • • • 6.590 1.200 6.790

32. Publicity • • •• 1.950 1,980 8.980

38. Bureau of Economics & Statistics • 5.680 1.700 7.380 Vl. Miscellaneous, Total 27.700 4.880 32.580 I. Agricultural Programmes * 616.580 860.291 976.821 II. Irrigation and Power • 984.200 467.080 1,401.280 III. Industries • 255.240 85.700 840.940 IV. Transport • 160.080 58.220 218.800

V. Social Services% • 469.627 817.109 786.786 VI. Miscellaneous • 27.700 4.880 82.580 Grand Total • 2,468.877 1,288.280 8,751.657 891

’—{Contd.) rovisionfor Second Five-Year Plan (Rs. in lakhs)

1960-61 Total for 19ik^61

* Andhra Telangana Andhra Andhra Telangana * Andhra Pradesh Pradesh

15 1« 17 18 19 20

155. 900 38.080 193.980 650.420 218.870 769.290 201.820 148.680 845.000 776.480 504.280 1,279.710

87.680 51.400 189.080 860.840 217.260 578.100

42.360 45.970 88.380 867.8*0 154.654 522.474

38.690 54.800 92.990 190.240 826.080 516.270

14.570 5.290 19.860 47.540 28.520 71.060

88.180 18.180 51.260 152.181 48.800 200.481

85.980 4.950 40. 980 181.250 19.260 200.510

6.250 6.250 24.260 •• 24.26Q

10.220 4.200 14.420 86.480 18.600 50.080

475.200 322.920 798.120 2,135.991 h306.854 8,442.845 .. •• 152.000 152.000 M - 9.990 • • 9.990 47.540 • 47.540

7.060 1.260 8.820 18.540 4.800 22.840 O 1.950 2.010 8.960 10.000 9.700 19.700

6.640 1.640 8.280 19.000 6.700 24.700 25.640 4.910 30.50 247,080 $9,700 266.780 Abstract (Cototd^ 668.184 879.878 1,047.562 2,6l2.d00 1,872.800 8,985.100 592.180 858,57© 950.7^ 5,Sd9.870 2,246.900 7,646.770 172.640 75.790 241.4^ i,040.900 885.050 1,425.950 155.900 88.081* 198.980 550.420 ' 218.870 769.290 475.200 822.9% 798. m 185.991 t 1,8^6.854 8,442.845 25.64Q ^ l>91& t 8 (^ 5 ^ 247.080 19.700 266.780 f ■ "■ . ■ ■ i,08a. 744 1,179.648 B,26a.89S 11,9^7.061 1 5,5^9.67q 17,586.735 Appendix No. II. ANDHRA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan Ce n t e a l A s s is t a n c e Stat^ S. No. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision- -Share Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) ( 5 ) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

Agricultural Programmea 8 1. Agricultural Production 68.90 194.42 204.85 462.67 204.85 188.42 888.77 124.90 fed

2. Minor Irrigation 242.90 • 242.90 242.90 242.90

8. Land Development 16.80 18.70 • 80.00 • • . 5.98 5.98 24.07

4. Animal Husbandry 26.70 225.09 . 251.79 8.00 75.425 78.425 178.865 5. Dairying & Milk Supply 6. 00 44. 20 7 50 57. 70 16. 81 89. 82 56. 18 1. 57

6. Forests 22. 16 47. 81 • 69. 47 80. 21 6. 88 87. 04 82. 48

7. Soil conservation 72. 96 72. 96 5. 52 49. 02 54. 54 18. 42

8. Fisheries 5. 55 62 .82 7 69 76. 06 12. 89 12. 89 68. 67

___ 97. 79 P 92 98. 71 8. 64 85. 08 48. 67 55. 04 nr Varenousmg

11. Miscellaneous ...... 16. 75 2. 26 19. 01 2. 00 1. 12 8. 12 15. 89

12. N.E.S. & Community Projects .. 715. 505 329.491 1044.996 829.491 442.422 771.913 278.088

Irrigation & Power

18. Multipurpose Projects 1995. 00 .. .. 1995. 00 1995. 00 .. 1995. 00

14. Irrigation .. .. 1288. 60 .. .. 1288. 60 1288. 60 .. 1288. 60

15. Power , .. 2156. 27 10. 00 .. 2166. 27 2106. 27 .. 2166. 27 \

Industries*

16. Major & Medium Industries^ 272. 95 0. 77 .. 278. 72 247. 95 .. 247 . 95 25 . 77

17. Village & Small Scale Indus- 61. 58 582. 29 178 . 86 767. 18 274 . 92 804 . 65 579 . 57 187. 61 tries.

Transport:

18. Roads & Road Transport . . 267.78 282 . 64 .. 550 . 42 .. .. 550. 42

Social Services :

19. Education .. .. 98.070 677.410 .. 775. 48 .. 807.087 807.057 468.443

20. Medical .. .. 187 . 64 178 . 20 .. 360 . 84 .. 88. 19 88. 19 272 . 65 Appendix No. II. {Contd.)

ANDHRA

Financial Break up of Plan Prffoision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Ce n t e a l A s s is t a n c e . a . Name of the scheme. Loans and Plan OUcUw No. Capital Revenue Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy. Total.

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6 ) (7) (8) (9) (10)

21. Public Health ... 81. 98 128. 41 157.480 867.820 157 480 156.850 214.280 158.540

22. Housing 55. 43 2. 86 181. 95 190. 24 185 90 28.815 164.215 26.025

28. Labour & Labour Welfare .. 15. 94 81. 60 • • 47. 54 . 1. 84 1. 84 46. 20

24. Welfare of Backward classes • « 188.755 18.875 152. 18 • 62.187 62.187 89.998 and scheduled castes

23. Welfare of scheduled tribes , • • 181. 25 181. 25 . 90.624 90.624 90.626

2«. Women welfare ,. 0. 00 18. 26 24. 26 • 24. 26

27. Social Welfare .. • • 86. 48 86. 48 • 18. 22 18. 22 12. 27

Miscellaneous :

28. Development of Capital .. 152. 00 152. 00 152. 00 152. 00 80. Broadcasting ...... 18. 54 .. 18. 54 ...... 18. 54

81.- Publicity ...... 10 . 00 .. 10 . 00 ...... 10 . 00 82. Bureau of Economics & Sta- .. 19. 00 .. 19. 00 .. 10.81 10. 81 9. 19 tistics. ------Total ..6 9 9 2 .7 0 3779.780 1214.576 11987.056 7820.841 1784.950 9105.791 2875.825 A p p e n d i x N o . II {Contd.) TELANGANA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of scheme. Capital Revenue Advances. Provision. State Share No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

Agricultural Programmes

1. Agricultural Production 45.59 122.87 56.28 224.69 460.08 28.75 75.78 149.91

2. Minor Irrigation 201.02 201.02 201.02 •• 201.02 •• 8. Land Development 8.65 6.28 9.88 0.80 0.80 9.08

4. Animal Husbandry 14.90 68.61 88.51 1.84 25.760 27.100 56.410

5 . Dairying and Milk Supply . 15.27 9.68 24.95 9.68 12.87 22.05 2.90

6. Forests 16.77 29.88 45.65 2.98 5.52 8.50 87.15

7, Soil Conservation • • • 14.09 14.74 28.83 8.20 8.20 25.68

8. Fisheries ., 8.78 80.72 34.45 1.00 4.69 5.69 28.76

9. Co-operation 20.00 62.14 33.87 115.51 40.31 16.20 56.51 59.00 tt: JHWWllaiitious 81. ¥.28 1,90 92.28 1.90 1.79 8.69 88.56

12. N.E.S. & Community Pro­ * • 334.889 159.851 494.740 159.851 218.387 373.238 121.5 02 jects.

Irrigation cfe Power

13. Multipurpose Projects 1235.00 •• 1235.00 1285.00 1285.00 • • 14. Irrigation 896.35 396.35 896.85 896.35

15. Power 587.95 27.60 615.55 615.55 615.55

Industries.

16. Major & Medium Industries ^ .. •• •• ir. Village and Small scale 66 -64 195 -35 128 06 385 -05 184-10 152 -29 836-39 46--66 industries CO

Transport.

18. Roads and Road Transport 208-68 15 *24 • • 218 -87 • • • • 218 -87

Soda! Services

19. Education 90-88 418 -40 504 -23 225 -09 225 -09 279 14

20. Medical 50 -75 166 -51 • • 217 -26 45 -50 45 -50 171 *76

21. Public Health .. 56 -98 97 -67 • • 154 -650 68 -525 68 -525 76 -277

22. Housing 826 03 • • 326 03 208 -98 82 -13 286 -11 29 -51

28. Labour & Labour Welfare .. 23 -52 • • 23-52 1 -94 1 -94 21 *58 A p p e n d i x N o. II. {Contd.) TELANGANA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Revenue Loans and T»1-- State Share No. Name of the scheme.Advances. Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (T) (8) (9) (10)

24. Welfare of Backward Classes 1-86 46-94 48 -80 28 -89 28-89 24 -41 & Scheduled Castes. 25. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes • • 19 *26 • • 19 -26 9-589 9-539 9-721 to CO 00 26. Women Welfare • • ....-- • • • •

27. Social Welfare .. 18 -60 • • 18-60 6-80 6*80 6-80

Miscellaneous 28. Development of Capital • • # • • % •- 29. Municipal Roads and Deve­ • • • • # • • • • lopment Works. 80. Broadcasting 4-30 4.30 :: • • 4-30 « 81. Publicity 9-70 9-70 • • 9-70

S2. Bureau of Economics & 5-70 •• 5.70 8-24 8-24 2-46 Statistics. Total .. 8414 -88 1785.959 898.881 5549.67 8099.091 981-411 4080 -502 1498 -908 Applsitoix lll^

Man Power Requirements^Andhra Pradesh.

E. Head of Development Adminis­ Techni­ Skill­ Unskill­ Total No. trative cal ed ed

1. Agricultural Production 818 1,169 842 1,508 4,882

2. Minor Irrigation 185 240 856 14,700 15.981

8. Land Development •• • * •• • • •• 4. Animal Husbandry 150 958 158 594 1,850

5. Daiiymg and Milk Supply 88 89 86 569 777

6. Forests 88 210 142 8,805 4,245

7. Soil Conservation 108 488 808 57 901

8. Fisheries 218 298 820 27 858

9. Co-operation 2,042 584 60 51 2,687

10. Warehousing & Marketing 195 100 7 18 820

11. Miscellaneous 50 64 •• 114

12.. N.E.S. & Community Projects 2,880 7,440 486 •• 10,256 18. Multipurpose Project 849 1,707 5,107 68,818 70,981

14. Irrigation 8,260 2,661 7,794 19,981 88,696

15. Power 4,841 2,164 7;772 21,856 86,138

16. Major and Medium Industries 601 1,547 2,846 4,620 9.114

17. Village and Small Scale Indus­ 874 1,864 8,626 2,519 8,383 tries.

18. Roads .. .. 884 864 8,791 26,873 81,412

19. Education 182 5,429 91 147 5,799

20. Medical 184 1,481 1,908 1,257 4,830

21. Public Health 804 1,008 2,088 574 3,969

22. Housing 801 127 2,284 8,200 5,862 m

A p p e n d ix III (Contd.)

Man Power Requirements-^Andhra Pradesh

SI. Head of Derelopment Administr­ Techni- Skill- Un-Skill- Total No. ative cal ed ed

28. Labour and Labour Welfare .. 266 77 49 226 618

24. Welfare of Backward Glasses . 403 80 2,880 5,220 8*588 & Scheduled Castes

25. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes . 195 894 988 2,094 8,616

26. Women Welfare .. 82 49 11 28 115

27. Social Welfare 1,048 195 80 128 2,171

28* Development of Capital 92 88 279 507 916

29. Municipal Roads and Develop­ ment Works

80. Broadcasting 62 162 14 146 884

81. Publicity 88 1 .• •• 89 82. Bureau of Economics and Statistics 50 218 62 825

Total 19,728 81,206 44,218 17,4,075 2,69,217 A trW lL ^ U -L lU J lA Ij . m U U UtT l 1U.W ANDHRA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in

• C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme, Loans and Plan State ShaTft •No. •Ca;pital Revenue Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy. Total.

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

1. Comprehensive Staff Scheme 12.20 12.20 . . 12.20 Oft 2. Training of Fieldmen and • * O i Maistries 1.80 1.80 • « 1.80

a. Japanica Indica crosses for evolution of thrifty strains 0.38 0.38 • » • • » 0.88

' 4. Improvement of AkkullB variety of Paddy O.U , , 0.14 •> » • » 0.14

Agricultural Research Station at Kamalapuram, for paddy under lift Irrigation , . 0.49 0.49 • » 0.43 0.43 0.06

e. Evolution of Improved millets • • 0.26 0.26 • • .. 0.2&

7. Multiplication and distribu­ tion of improved seeds 63.90 44.40 108.30 74.40 74.40 33.90 Appendix No. IV. {Contd.)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of scheme. Capital l-C A EJ-wey-xiTi nl -State Share- No. Loans Subsidy^ Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

8. Production and distribution of town compost ,, 0.78 C.OO 6.78 6.00 0.39 6.39 0.89

9. Purchase and distribution of tractors under hire pur­ chase system ,,\ • • 60.00 60.00 60.00 .. 60.00 10. Expansion of Central Tract©? Workshop at Bapatla 0.85 0.8a 0.85 11. Supply of improved agricultur­ al implements and beehives .. ,, Self Financing Scheme.

12. Agricultural Infortoation, production and training service 3.58 3.58 1.79 1.79 1.7» 15. Expansion of Marketing in Andhra ...... 1.10 .. 1.10 ...... 1.10

16. Expansion of Onion Research Station in Cuddapah Dist. .. 0.T8 . . 0.78 .. 0.18 0.18 0.60

17. Study of Nitrogen fixing power of important legu­ minous crops .. •• 0.85 •• 0.85 •• 0.21 0.21 0.14

18. Studies in phosphate avail­ ability in rice soils .. .. 0.21 •• 0.21 .. 0.10 0.10 0.11

19. Upgrading Agricultural Research Station at g Nandyal for Research and § fundmental studies in Cotton and Oil Seeds .. 2.00 •• 2.00 .. 1.00 1.00 1.00

20. Control of Pests and Diseases .. 14.84 •• 14.34 •• .. .. 14.84

21. Establishment of Zonal / parasite breeding station atAmbajipet ...... 0.51 .. 0.51 .. 0.25 0.25 0.26

22. Intensive investigation control of vegetable pests .. .. 0.36 .. 0.36 .. 0.17 0.17 0.19

23. Improving honey yields of Beehives ...... 0.33 .. 0.38 .. 0.12 0.12 0.21 24. Intensive investigation of . ” fruit pests in Andhra .. .. 0.38 .. 0.33 .. 0.08 0.08 0.25 A p p e n d ix N o. IV. [Contd.) AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION.

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs) « « C e k t h a l A s s is t a n c e . SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan State Share No. Name of the scheme. Advances. provisio* Loans* Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) J?) (6) (T> (8) (9) (10) % 0 25. Intensive Cultivation of fruits and vegetables 8.53 45.00 48.53 45.00 1.76 46.76 1.77 CO 2 26. Vegetable Research Station, at Kurnool • • 0.60 0.60 0.28 0.28 0.32 • • 2T. Cotton Extension Scheme • » 2.33 2.33 2.11 2.11 0.22

28. Trial of Mungari Cotton 1.03 1.03 0.85 0.85 0.18

29. Sugarcane Research Station > at Anakapalli 10.40 10.40 2.63 2.63 7.77 • • SO. Sugarcane Development in Andhra • • 18.54 • • 18.54 5.59 5.59 7.95 81. Tobacco Extension Service 1.65 1.65 0.92 0.92 0.7S a. 70 82. Strengthening of Agricultural 0.00 a.SI s .31 College, Bapatla.. 9 .0 0 38, T ra in in g of Tractor operators 0 . 2 0 0 .1 6 6 84* Maintenance of purity of .^genetic stocks 0.19 0.19 0.06 0.06 0.18 85. Rice Research Station for tank fed areas of East Coast in Visakhapatnam .. 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 86. Opening of Regional Millet Stations for improvement 2.27 of millets■I 2.27 2.27 2.27 87. Production of Hybrid sajja scheme in Anantapur • j « r v . - ’no District .. 0.68 0.6; 0. 68 0.68

88. Breeding superior strains of of Ragi for the rainfed and 1‘OC, O’50 <: VO oCO . splash irrigated areas of the Oy sandy soils of Guntur District 0.20 0.20 6.20 — 0.20 89. Starting Pulses improve­ ment work on Regional basis in Andhra 0.69 0.69 0.88 0.88 0.86 40. Establishment of District Service Stations to cater to the needs of Agricul­ tural machinery to ryots and of Agricultiiral Department .. 1.92 1.92 1.92 41. Construction of Market yards and godowns .. 19.60 19.60 19.60 19.60 ” A p p e n d i x N o . Vf—{Contd.) "

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION.

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Loans and Plan C-l’O'hp ^V)A.1*P No. Name of the scheme. Capital. Revenue. Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy Total.

(1 ) (2 ) (8 ) ( 4 ) (5) (6 ) (7) (8) (9) (10)

42. Agricultural Marketing News Service .. 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 09 ao 48. Providing research facilities in Agricultural College, Bapatla 5.53 5.52 8.22 8.22 2.80 44. Improvement of Jute in Bhimilipatnam jute in Andhra 0.52 a. 52 0.26 0.26 0.26

45. Scheme for Agronomic Trials 8.68 8.68 8.68 8.68 46. Deputation of oflScers for Post-graduate studies in India 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 47. Research Agricultural Engineering Section at Agricultural College, 'Bana.tla. . . 2.80 2 .8 0 1.40 1.40 1.40 S5 TADoratory laciiitirv at Guntur for Millet Specialist 2.10 2.10 1.05 1.05 1.05

49. Laboratory equipment for gricultural Research Station at Nandyal for Technological work on Cotton 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84

50. Development of Plant Physiology and starting of Herbarium at Bapatla 1.58 1.58 0.79 0.79 0.79

51. Scheme to study the influence of irrigation on physio-chemical properties of soil of Tungabhadra Project at Yemmiganur .. 0.85 0.85 0.85

52. Scheme for improvement of grape-vines 0.86 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.49

58. Training of malis in Andhra 0.58 0.58 0.81 0.81 0.22

54. Training of farmers in fruit and vegetables production 0.13 0.18 0.07 0.07 0.06

55. Regional improvement of chillies .. ,. 1.86 1.86 0.68 0.68 0.68

56. Investigation of epliclis disease of paddy 0.44 0.44 0.18 0.18 0.26

57. Investigation of major diseases of Onion, Cluster beans, cu-cur bits 0.82 0.82 0.11 0.11 0.21 A p p e n d ix IV—(Contd.)

AGRICULTUEAL PRODUCTION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and OL8.LC oii&>r0 No. Capital. Revenue. Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy. Total.

( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 8 ) (4) ( 5 ) ( 8 ) ( 7 ) (8) (9) ( 1 0 )

58. Studies in securing the help of natural enemies of insect OCD pests at Agricultural College 00 Bapatla 0.32 0.32 0.16 0.16 0.16

59. Building up named reference Collection of insect pests at Agricultural College, Bapatla 0.27 0.27 0.17 0.17 0.10

60. Development of cashewnut , 3.29 3.29 1.58 1.58 1.71 61. Establishment of fruit Re­ search Station at Sabba- varam 1.42 1.42 1.42 62. Establishment of Banana Research Station in West Gk)davari district 0.52 0.52 0.52 tural tk)liege, I5ap9tia ^.98 0.98 0.49 0.49 0.49

64. Establishment of sub-humid tropical Horticultural Research Station on Tirupati Hills 1.14 1.14 0.57 0.57 0.57

65. Opening of Sugarcane Research Station in Chittoor district . 6.24 6.24 0.48 0.48 5.76 { ■ 66. Production of Sugarcane crop against pests and disease .. .. 1.11 1.11 0.50 0.50 0.61 67. Provision of disease free seeds of sugarcane crop 4.03 4.03 4.08 eo> o 68. Upgrading of coconut ^ ' co» Research Station at Ambajipet .. 0.42 0.42 0.21 0.21 0.21

69. Coconut Extension Scheme • 2-76 2 *76 2 -46 2 -46 0*80

70. Evolution of groundnut Variety suitable for rice fallows in Krishna district 0-62 0-62 0 -81 0 -81 0 -SI 71. Oil Seeds Extension Scheme for Andhra Area ,, 7 -00 7-00 7-00 7 00

72. Equipment to laboratory at Nandyal for work on oil 0 *95 0 -95 0 -95 Seeds ;1 ‘ 90 .♦ f . i m / .. Arpfiin>ix IV— AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Fitumeiul Break up of Plan Provifion. (Rupees in lakbf)

Cbntbal Assistakcb. SI. Name of the scheme. Loaaa’ and Plan No. CapitoL Revenue. Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy Total.

<1) (2) (8) (^) (5) (6) (7) (8) (») (10)

78. Establishing a permanent oil CO seeds station in Yisakha* © patnam district • • 1 -25 • • 1-25 # • 1 -25 1 -i5 74. Multiplication and distribu* * tion of Lakshmi and Western Cotton ,. 0-90 0-»0 0 *45 0-45 0 -45 75. Evolution of groundnut variety suitable for rice fallows ,. , * 0-50 0-50 0 -25 0 -25 0 *25 76. Organising Cotton Research Work in Tungabhadra Project area .. 0-25 0-25 0 *12 0 -12 0 -18 77. Organising Research Work on Cotton for Nandikonda 70. Distribution of oil engines * and electric motors under hire purchase system ...... 24 ‘15 24 *15 24 *15 .. 24 *16

80. Tube Well Scheme ...... 5*00 5*00 6-00 .. 5-00

Si. Scheme for granting loans for sinking of artesian Wells ...... 8-60 8 -60 8-60 .. 8-60

Total.. 68*90 194-42 204-85 462204*85 188*42 887*77 124*90

©9 Appendix No. TV— (Conid.)

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION. TELANGANA Financial Break-up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t b a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and Plan -State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(10) (1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ■ (9)

1. Seed multiplication and dis­ to tribution 4.57 4.57 .. 4.57

2. Distribution of green ...... manure seed like sunhefmp and Danicha .. . .. 0.81 0;81 • • 0.81 8. Distribution of superphos­ phate ...... 6.85 6.85 4.40 4.40 1.95 4. Distribution of sulphur and adoption of plant protec­ tion measures 6.90 .. 6.90 1.97 1.97 4.98

5. Locust control scheme 1.88 1.88 1.38 6. Mechanical cultivation by State Tractors .. 8.80 8.80 • • 2.25 2.25 1.06 <7 m ilti irof irkn K v HBjBirarairagnr- •U.9U 0.35 O'. 85 0.55 o 9. Sugarcane Research Scheme, Rudrur 0.60 1.17 1.77 0.23 0.23 1.54

10. Grow More Food Staff 4.18 4.18 4.18

11. Publicity and propaganda .. 1.89 1.89 1.89

12. Additional staff for agricul­ tural Engineering Section 0.89 0.39 0.39

13. Additional Staff for Econo­ mic Bcrtanist Section 0.06 0.06 0.06

14. Buildings and laboratory

equipment for Agricultural CO College, Rajendranagar .. 5.00 5.00 5.00 CO 15. Composting of urban waste 1.75 1.75 1.75

16. Compost Development Scheme, Nizamabad 0.05 0.05 0.05

17. Production of Pedigree Fruit Plants 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90

18. Expansion of Nursery, Rud­ rur 0.09 0.09 0.09

19. Horticultural Section, Rudrur 0.20 0.20 0.20

20. Fruit Research Scheme, Sangareddy .. . 0.48 0.48 0.48 A p p e n d i x N o . IV.— \Contd.) AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION TELANGANA Financial Break-up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans. Subsidy Total «

(10) (1) (2) ( 3 ) (4) ( 5 ) (6) ( 7) (8 ) (9)

‘21. Conversion of the post of the 09H-< Farm Superintendent, Warangal into a class II Gazetted Post .. 0.13 0.13 0.13 •22. Additional Requirements of Research Laboratories ,, .. 0.61 0.61 0.44 0.44 0.17 •23. Additional requirements of Government Farms . . 0.88 3.39 4.27 1.34 1.34 2.93 •24. Refresher courses in agricul­ ture for young farmers . . . .. 0.74 0.74 0.74

•25. Training of farmers and Malis in Horticulture .. .. 0.40 0.40 0.40

•26. Seed farms and seed stor 33.07 42.61 75.68 75.68 29. Horticulture Extension Scheme 1 .3 4 1 .3 4 1 . 3 4

80. Establishment of Variety Testing Station, Wyra 0.20 0.68 0.88 0.44 0.44 0.44 31. Training of Farmers in oil engines 0.42 0.42 0.42 32. Establishment of Jawar Research Station, Warangal 0.47 0.47 0.42 0.42 0.05

33. Research on jowar crop in Dindi and Rajendra- nagar 0.99 0.99 0.45 0.45 0.54 h-tOS, 34. Rain-fed Paddy Scheme, Ov Adilabad 0.41 0.41 0.41

35. Improving technique in raising Tabi Nurseries of Paddy 0.56 0.56 0.19 0.19 0.37

36. Crop weather observation Scheme, Dindi 0.18 0.18 0.05 0.05 0.13

37. do Warangal 0.13 0.13 0.13

38. do Rudrur 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46

39. Establishment of Agricultural Farm under Nandikonda Project 5 .5 5 4 .4 5 1 0 .0 0 7.06 7.06 2.94 A p p e d i x No. IV.—(Contd.) AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION TELANGANA Financial Break-up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme. Capital Revenue Advances Provision OLcttC OHdlv; No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

40. Expansion of Chemical Sec­ tion and Establishment of CC5 Soil Survey unit, Rajendra- Of nagar 2.99 2.99 2.99 2.99

41. Botanical Section, Dindi 0.20 •• 0.20 0.12 0.12 0.08

42. Establishment of Herbarium Section, Rajendranagar .. 0.32 0.32 .. 0.32

43. Improvement of indigenous agricultural implements .. 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 44. Research Stations on Oil Seeds at Karimnagar and Dindi... 1.20 1.20 0.60 0.60 0.60-

45. Establishment of exploratory station for G.W.A. Tobacco. n 41 A iia variety paddy, Kajendra- nagar, Amberpet. 1.07 1.07 0.53 0.53 0.54

47. Establishment of exploratory station for Virginia Tobacco, Burgampahad. . 1.44 1.44 0.61 0.61 0.83

48. Development of Sugarcane in Factory Zones. 0.77 0.77 0.24 0.24 0.53

49. Establishment of exploratory station for Nepani tobacco at Alampur. .. 0.57 0.57 0.25 0.25 0.32 \ 50. Scheme for increasing co- coanut production, Rudrur. 0.37 0.37 0.18 0.18 0.19 03i 51. Organisation of Statistical Section. 0.98 0.98 0.98

52. Scheme for improvement of Gur and Khandasari manufacture marketing and storage of Gur.

53. Investigation of ground water resources. 54. Physiology of draught resis­ tance of castor. 8.11 8.11 8.11

55. Regional Maize breeding station, or Rajendranagar or Karimnagar.

56. Improvement of chillies

57. Mango Research Scheme SangareddiJ A p p e n d i x No. IV.—{Contd.) AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION TELANGANA Financial Break-uj) of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Loans and PlanJL kthH. lOimFC No. Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2 ) (3 ) ( 4 ) (5 ) (6) (7 ) (8 ) (9 ) (10)

05- 58. Other Schemes .. 5.20 5.20 * , 5.20 59. Evohitioii of Gall Hy resis­ tant varieties of paddy, Narasampet. 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.45 0.55 CO. ScJicme for study and control measures against Itkarogum of paddy and diseases of sugarcane, Rudrur. 0.27 0.27 0.15 0.15 0.12

61. Investigation into vines • • dise.ises of vegetable crops, Rajendranagar. 0.77 0.77 0.35 0.35 0.4^ 62. Investigation into diseases o£ vegetables, citrus and V>anaua, llajendranagar. O -27 O -2 7 O -1 5 O - I S o -ja- . caused by Nematodes, Rajendranagar.

64. Investigation on sugar rust •• 0-66 •• 0-66 •• 0-26 0-26 0-40 and smut, Rudrur.

65. Lift Irrigation Scheme 0*95 2.00 2 -95 2-00 2 00 0-95

66. Installation of oil engines .. 10-21 10-21 10-21 10 -21

67. Sinking of new wells 26 -89 26 -89 26 -89 26 -89

68. Repairs to old wells 5-33 5-33 5 -33 5-33

69, Well boring 0-29 1 *41 1 -70 0-70 0-19 0-89 0-81 09 Total 45 *59 122 -87 56 28 224 -69 46 03 28 -75 74 -78 149 -91 CO

Grand Total 108 -49 817 -29 260 -58 687 -36 250 -38 162 -17 412 -55 274 -81 A p p e n d i x No. V. MINOR IRRIGATION ANDHRA Financial Break-up of Plan ProviMon. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e

SI. Loans and PlanA. I C l I l No. Name of the Scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

0 9 1, Spill Over Schemes 39 -72 .. • • to 39 -72 39 -72 39 -72* o New Schemes including 184 -68 •• 184 -68 134 -68 •• 184 -68* •• Tank Schemes. 3. Other Schemes .. 68 *50 68 -50 68-50 68 -50* • •

Total .. • 242 -90 •• 242 -90 242 *90 •• 242 -90*

♦ Out of this amount, on unremunerative works i.e.y works which do not fetch 4i%retum on the Capital cost, the Centre would give 50 % of such unremunerative cost as Grant under food production schemes. An amount of Rs. 6 lakhs may however be assumed tentatively as grant th ^ may be obtained from Government of India. A.ri'E-.rMi>i3c N o . V . ---- (C'cynCtX.) MINOR IRRIGATION

TELANGANA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the Scheme Loans and Plan No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(I) (2) (8) (4) («) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

1. Breached Tanks 59 *85 • « • • 59 -85 59 -85 •• 59 -85 (Spill Over) 2. Minor Irrigation Works and 141 *17 141 -17 141 17 141 -17

Total .. 201 -02 •• 201 02 201 02 • • 201 -02

Andhra 242 -90 • • 242-90 242*90 • 242-90

Grant Total 448 *92 •• •• 448 -92 448-92 • • 448 -92 A p p e n d ix N o . VI

LAND DEVELOPMENT

Financial Break up of Plan Provision^ (Rupees in lakbs)

------Centbal Assistance SI. Name of the Scheme Loans and kj W€M VV No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

<1) (2) (8) ^ (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA 1. Scheme for the land reclama­ tion by mechanical culti­ vation with tractors & bull­ dozers. 16 -80 13 70 80 00 5 -98 5-98 24 07

TFJ-ANGANA 1. Reclamation of waste land & ecnib forests .. 8-65 6 *28 9-88 0-80 0-80 9 08

Grand Total 19-95 19 -98 39 -88 6 -78 a 78 88 ’15 AppKhTOiac No- V II ANIMAL IfUSBANDRY

Financial Break up of Plan Provisfott

ANDHRA (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the Scheme I^ans and plan “OvALc oiiare No. Capital Revemif Advances Provision lioaJis Subsidy Total

(1) (2) («) (4) («) (6) (7) (8) (9) (1 0 )

c» 1. Additional staff for the Office 1 • 0 0 1 • 0 0 M- 1 -00 CSV of the Director of Animal Husbandry and Dt. Vety. Officers.

2. Veterinary & Livestock Inspectors’ Course at Dairy- cum-bull farm, Visakha- patnam 1 • 0 0 4- 00 5* 00 * 0 0 8-00 *00

9. Opening of Vety. College incluoing Diagnostic La- lx>ratory 1 0 - 0 0 30- 00 40- 00 • • 8 0 -0 0 80-00 10-0

A, Training of Animal Hus­ bandry & Dairy personnel abroad. 2 * 0 0 2 - 0 0 • » I -00 100 I -00 A p p e n d i x No. VII. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY— ) ANDHRA Financial Break up of Plan Provini^m.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the Scheme Loans and Plan No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 09 5. Starting of Ranikhet Disease Vaccine Laboratory • « • 1 00 1 *00 • • 1-00 6. Central Poultry Research Station 0*50 1 00 I 56 .. 1 50 7. Opening of Clinical Laboratory 0.60 1.00 1.50 1.50 8. Distribution of Male Breeding * Stock. 2.00 2.00 2.00 9. Livestock Research Station Chintaladevi .. 8.00 5.00 8.00 • • • • 8.00 10. Distribution of Female Breeding Stock 0.70 0.70 .. • • • • 0.70 • 11. Key Village Schemes 40.00 40.00 tiO.OO 20.00 2 0 .0 0 li?. JE?SC«/f>/i»/imenC of JLive Stock: Fama in T.P. Area 2.00 a . GO ts .»M> 18. Opening of Piggery 0.50 1.50 2.00 2.00

14. Opening of Goat Breeding Farm 0.25 0.75 1.00 1.00 15. Supply of white breeding btdls. 8.50 S..50 3.50

16. Supply of breeding bulls 8.80 8.80 8.80

17. Supply of Male Goats 0.40 0.40 0.40

18. Supply of Female Goats 0.70 0.70 0.70

19. Supply of Dairy Cows 4.00 4.00 4.00 CO 20. Supply of She-bufPaloes 5.00 5.00 5.00 CJ»

21. Supply of Boars 0.50 0.50 0.50

32. Supply of Sows .. 0.20 0.20 0.20

28. Opening of Touring Billets 4.00 4.00 4.00

24. Opening of Vety. First Aid Centres. 8.00 «.00 8.00 26. Opening of Minor Vety. Dispensaries. .. 14.00 14.00 14.00

26. Opening of Veterinary Dispensaries .. 5.68 5.68 5.68 3T. Pilot scheme for Eradica­ tion of Rinderpest 11.00 11.00 5.50 5,50 5.50 Appendtic No. VTI. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY—

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and PUn -State Share No. Name of the Scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) f8) (4) (5) (6) (T) (8) (9) (10)

28. Eistablbhment of Gosadan 1.00 . 1.00 0.80 0.80 0.20

29. Goshala Development 5.20 5,20 4.50 4.50 0.70 § 80. Opening of Wool demonstra tion Units .. 4.00 4.00 4.00

81. Opening of Sheep Farm 0.25 1.75 2.00 2.00

82. Supply of Rams 0,20 0.20 0.20 \ 3S. Supply of Ewes .. 1.00 1.00 1.00

84. Opening of District Poultry Farms 1.00 1.00 1.00

35. Poultry Development 10.00 10.00 8.00 6.250 9.25 0.7 5 0 o.sso 86. Supi^ly of Exotic Cocks 0 ,5 5 0.5S a>r MiixxjCtf.' llc-tim . . . . ' o.oa—

58. Supply of Exotic Kggs .. .. 0.20 0.20 0.200 59. Opening of Bet; dcniunstra- tion Units, .. .. 0.20 0.30 0.200

40. Construction of hostel at Govt. Dairy Farm, Visakha- patnam .. .. 0.20 0.30 0.60 0.876 0.876 0.125 41. Opening of Propaganda Section ...... 4.00 4.00 4.000

42. Rehabilitation of nomadic Cattle Breeders .. .. 0.60 0.60 0.600

48. Dist. & State Cattle Shows .. 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.000 00 feO 44. Development of Cattle Breeding .. 5.00 6.00 6.000

45. Co-operative Salvage Farm .. .. 0.40 0.40 0.400

46. Supply of Dairy equipment.. .. 7.60 7.60 7.600

47. Supply of Poultry equipment .. 5.00 6.00 6.000

48. Supply of Dairy female stock .. 10.00 10.00 10.000

49. Supply of Poultry .. .. 1.26 1.26 1.250

60. Supply of Sheep and Goats . .. 1.26 1.26 1.260

61. Water Supply arrangements to Livestock Research Sta­ tion, Lam, Guntur District. 2.50 0.60 3.00 3.00 8.00 Appendix No. VII.

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY (C<^itd.)

ANDHRA

Financial Break up of Plan Provisio-n. (Rupees in lakhs)

C je n t k a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the Scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total.

(I) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) \ v (8) (9-) (10)

toCO 52. Additional Staff for Livestock 00 Farm, Mahanandi 0.95 0.95 0.950

58. Reorganisation of Livestock Research Station, Palmaner 1.00 2.25 3.25 .... 3.250 54. Scheme for Starting of Biolo- gicalinstitute 5.00 10.00 15.00 .. 15.000

55. Additional Staff to Livestock Farm, Chintaladevi 0.20 0.20 0.200

Total 26.70 225.09 251.79 3.00 75.425 78.425 178.SOS -V r*-' ANIMAL, HUSBANDRY SC'HKMK to TELANGANA Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme PinnX ia-Jl No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

<1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) P ) (8) (9) (10)

1. Regional Dy. Director 1. 50 1. 50 . . 1.500 09 2. Additional staff for Head .. •• 1. 80 1. 30 . . 1.300 U) Office o S. Stationery Veterinary hospitals •• 2. 77 2. 77 . . 2.770

4. Rural Vety. dispensaries .. 3. 20 •• 8 . 20 . . 3.200

5. Jeeps to D.V. Os. 1. 05 1. 05 . . 1.050

6. Medicines and equipment .. 1. 63 . . 1.630

7. Emergency 2 year diploma 1. 00 1. 50 •• 2. 50 2. 00 2. 00 0.500 Course 8. Training of Stockmen • » 0. 60 •• 0. 60 .. •• 0.600

9 Training boys in •• 0. 15 •• 0. 15 .. •• 0.150 Poultry & duck rearing 10. Training of personnel abroad • • 0. 58 0. 58 0. 29 0. 29 0.290 A p p e n d i x No. VII ANIMAL HUSBANDRY SCHEME TELANGANA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Contd.) (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Loans and Plan State Share No. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

11. Hostel for trainees at Live­ 0. 50 •• •• 0. 50 • 0.875 0.375 0.125 stock farm 09 CO 12. Sheep breeding farm and 0. 50 1 . 00 1. 50 • 1.500 o wool Tech. Lab. Nalgonda

18. Reorganisation of existing 0 . 80 0 . 80 1. 60 0 64 0.960 1.600 dairy farms. 14. Statistician class I. •• 0. 45 0. 45 • •• •• 0.450

15. Poultry development officer. 2 . 00 2 . 00 • 2.000 Class I. 16. Central poultry farm at Hy­ 0. 65 1. 85 2. 50 • 2.500 derabad. 17. Poultry extension centres - . i - .. 8 . 88 3. 88 0 50 2. 45 2. 93 0.980

18. Key village scheme 16. 80 16. 80 • 8. 40 8. 40 8.400

19. Livestock Research Station 2 . 00 8 . GO 5 . GO 2. 50 2, 50 2. 50 O. 0O O. 70 O.BOO 20. l£.sVt.. ol GoBeMlan O. 20 O. 70 1 . oo o. lO SI, Gosbatn Uev. adtcmc

22. Rehabilitation of nomadic .. 1 . 61 1. 61 0.805 0.805 0.805 cattle breeders

28. Sheep and wool development 05 2 . 77 8 . 82 0. 10 2.410 2.510 1.810 centres,

24. Dist. and state cattle shows . 2 . 77 2. 77 0.250 0.250 2.520

26. Publicity and Propaganda .. 2. 00 2. 00 2.000 Officer 26. Reorganisation of Biological 2. 50 2. 50 2.500 and Research Stations 27, Rinderpest scheme 7. 85 7. 85 8. 67 8 . 67 8.680

28. Other schemes .. 2. 70 2. 70 2.700 CO 29. Buildings for farms and 15 8. 15 8.150 00 Hospitals

Total 14 90 68. 61 88. 51 84 25.760 27.100 56.410

Grand Total 41 60 293. 70 885. 80 84 101.185 105.525 229.775 A p p e n d i x No. VIII.

DAIRYING AND MILK SUPPLY

Financial Break up of Plan Provisions (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and XPlan lUlI ■State Share No. ipital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA

1. Urban Milk Supply Scheme . 11.50 7. 50 19. 00 7. 81 11. 12 18. 48 0. 57 oa

2, Milk Powder Factories 15. 50 15. 50 15. 50 15. 50

'8 , Dairy-cum>bull farm, Visakha- 4. 00 6. 00 :• 10. 00 4. 00 6. 00 10. 00 patnam.

4. Opening of Dairy and Grass’ . 2. 00 9. 20 •• 11. 20 5. 00 6.20 11. 20 •• farm.

5. Milk board 2. 001 2. 00 1. 00 1. 00 1. 00

Total 6. 00 44. 20 7. 50 57. 70 16. 81 89. 82 56. 18 1. 57 Appendix No. V I I I {C ontd.)

d a i r y i n g a n d m i l k s u p p l y

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Central Assistance SI. Name of the scheme Loans and ±Plan 10,11 "" OvoLw OilSxw No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) • (7) (8)' (9) (10)

TELANGANA g; 1. Milk supply scheme for the . 12. 57 9. 68 22. 25 9. 68 12. 27 21. 95 0 . 80 OS- twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad ___ 2. Appointment of Dairy Deve­ 2. 50 2. 50 ...... 2. 50 lopment Officer

8. Training of Dairy personnel . 0 . 20 •• 0 . 20 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 Total 15. 27 9. 68 24. 95 9. 68 12. 87 22. 05 2. 90

Grand Total .. 6. 00 69. 47 17» 18 82. 65 25. 99 52. 19 78. 18 4. 47 A ppE M D lX No. IX. FORESTS

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and APlan mil owcitcOf-of-A oiittrcQHo.i*a No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (») (10)

ANDHRA CO 1. Working plan circle . 7-90 7 -90 • • 7-90 0» 2. Afforestation of river banks • 1 -59 1 -59 1 -20 1 -20 0-89 8. Extension of casuarina , * 5-65 5-65 5-65 fi-65 plantation. 4. Forest Regeneration • • • 7-50 7-50 * , 8-73 8-75 8-75 5. Afforestation of hills in • • • • 0*80 0-80 0-60 0-60 0-20 Reserved Forests. >i 6. Forest Roads (plains) • * • 18'84 18-84 18 -76 18 -76 4-58 7. Forest Roads (Agency) 11 00 11 -00 8-25 8-25 2-75 8. Forest Industries • • • 1 00 1 00 0-75 0-75 0-25 0. Buildings in agency 5 00 5 00 ,, 5-00 10. Wild Life Preservation . - 6*16 8*84 10 -00 8*08 8-08 6*92 11. Supply of jeeps to District 0-69 0-69 0-69 Forest Officers.

Total . 22 -16 47-81 •• 69 -47 80 -21 6 88 87 04 82 48 Appendix No, I X . (C ontd.) FORESTS

Financial Break up of Plan Provision.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA CO 1. Strengthening of territorial 8-27 8*27 8-27 divisions. 2. Strengthening of accounts 1 -12 1 -12 1 -12 branch. S. Strengthening of silvicul­ 0-40 0-40 0-40 tural Research branch. 4. Forest Research, propaganda 0-68 0-68 0-68 and publicity. 5. Soil Conservation Research 2-23 2-25 1-13 1-12 1 -18 Centre (Shahibnagar). 6. Afforestation and anti­ 8-89 8-89 4-19 4-19 4-20 erosion works in dry and eroded land.

7. Acquisition of lands for 5 00 5 00 • • 3 0 0 conservation works. 8. Lac cultivation .. 0-89 0-89 0-29 0-29 0-10 Appendix No. IX. (Contd.) FORESTS Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t h a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the seheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision Cf-Af-A OlX<»lCQViaT*A No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1 ) (2 ) ( 8 ) (4 ) (5 ) (6 ) (7 ) (8 ) (9 ) (10)

9. Artificial regeneration in 0-78 0-78 0-55 0 50 0-18 fuel and pole forests. 10. Nurseries under afforestation. 0.16 0.16 0.08 0.08 0.08 CO 11. Purchase and maintenance 09 of vehicles. O) 12. Organisation of protection |^ • • 4.08 4.08 4.08 of staff for sancturies. J 18. Preservation of wild life .. J 14. Artificial regeneration in 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 0.25 timber forests. 15. Construction of buildings .. 14.17 14.17 14.17 16. Matchwood plantation *0.26 0.26 0.18 0.18 0.13 17. Nurseries under forest 1.01 1.01 6.75 0.75 0.26 development. • 18. Construction of roads 1.60 0.28 1.88 1.88 19. Chashew nut plantation 0.86 0.86 0.64 0.64 0.22

Total 15.77 29.87 45.65 2 .9 8 5 .5 2 8.50 8 7 .1 5

Grand Total ., 87.98 77.19 1 1 5 .1 2 8 3 .1 9 1 2 .8 5 4 5 .5 4 6 9 .5 8 A p p e n d i x N o . "jv . SOIL Conservation ANDHRA. CO Financial Break up of Plan Provision, (Rupees in lakhs)

Centbal A s s i s t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy ’ Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

- S 1. Araku Valley Pilot Scheme 5.55 5.55 5.SS 5.85

2. Soil Conservation scheme 8.90 8.90 for blacksoil areas in Kuraool and Anantapur 9.99 2.81 5.80 5.45 Districts.

Z. Soil conservation scheme T. 85 for red soil area in Ananta­ pur district.

4. Scheme for laying out 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 demonstration plots in 4 ^ districts.

5. Soil conservation scheme in 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Ichapuram Community Development Block. A p p e n d i x N o . X (Contd.) SOIL CONSERVATION ANDHRA Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t b a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Loans and Plan No, Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9 ) (10) .

6. Soil conservation in Pen- 1.96 1.96 ----- 1.96 1.96 durthi and Sabbavaram blocks 7. Soil conservation scheme in 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 Rayachoti taluk of Cuddapah district. 8. Soil conservation scheme for 32.70 32.70 32.70 82.70 Machkund Basin, 9. Training of personnel in soil 0.88 0.38 0.88 conservation. 10. Soil conservation in heavy rain fall zones.. 9.41 9.41 1.09 1.09 8.32 11. Scheme for starting Regional - Research Station 4.27 4 .2 7 • • • • * • 4.27

12. Afforestation of denuded hills outside Reserve Forests . , 2.53 2.58 2.58 2.53 18.42 Total 7 2 .9 6 7 2 .9 6 5 .5 2 49.02 5 4 .5 4 • Vra*s;r>»i>DC r«Jc». jv. SOIL CONSERVATION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupee* in lakhs)

C e n t r a l a s s i s t a n c e Sri. Loans and Plan State No. Name of the scheme ’ Capital Revenue Advances provision* Subsidy Total ShareLoans*

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8 ) (9 ) ’ (10)

TELANGANA » < 09 1. Contour bunding 12.89 14.74 27.6S 2.85 2.85 25.28 % S S. Soil Research Station Rudrur 1.20 ,. • 1,20 0.85 0.85 0.85

Total 14.09 14.74 28.83 8.20 3.20 25.68

Grand Total .. .. 87.05 14.74 101.79 5.52 52.22 57.74 44.05 A p p e n d i x No. XI

FISHERIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . 81. Loans and Plan ShflTC No. Name of the sckeme ^Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (S) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (») . (10)

ANDHRA - 9 00

1. Headquarters staff 0.81 0.81 • ♦ • • 0.81 S:

2 . Intensive seed collection and distribution .. 10.70 .. 10.70 .5.60 3.60 7.10

8. Salt Subsidy Scheme • • 1.67 .• 1.67 0.25 0.25 1.42 4. Improvement of indegenous craft and Tackle 0.63 3,70 3.33 1.07 1.07 2.26

5. Provision of quick transport facilities .. 4.00 4.00 .. 0.78 0.78 3.22

6. Scheme for the introduction - of new types of fishing nets 1.67 8.3» 5.00 . . 0.88 0.83 4.17

T. Fisheries extension and pro­ 1 .0 0 paganda 1 .oo .. 1. o<» 8. scheme . . . . la.oo Tank development I « .TH 9. Experimental fish farm .. .. 8.00 .. 8.00 . jr 0.72 0.72 7 .2a

10. Deep Water fishing experi­ ments ...... 2.00 .. 2.00 0.36 0.86 1.64

11. Marine Fishery Station .. ’ .. 8.00 .. 8.00 .. 0.89 O.89 7.61

12. Scheme for the supply of logs to fishermen for ma­ king teppas .. .. 0.84 1.66 2.50 .. 0.42 0.42 2.08

13. Scheme for opening of schools for the children of Fisher­ men ...... 2.40 .. 2.40 ...... 2.40 00 14. Provision of road facilities .. .. 0.50 .. 0.50 ...... 0.50

15. Improvement of fish markets .. 1.40 .. 1.40 ...... 1.40

16. Fisheries Technological sta­ tion ...... 4.84 .. 4.84 .. 0.64 0.64 4.20

17. Fisheries Research ’ .. 2.00 .. 2.00 ,, 0.55 0.55 1.45 .

18. Scheme for the construction of Aquarium in the state 5.55 0.86 .. ' 5.91 ...... 5.91

Total .. 5.55 62.82 7.69 76.06 .. 12.89 13.89 63.67 A p p e n d i x N o . X I {Conid.)

FISHERIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupe^ in lakhs)

Ceisttbal Assistanck SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan • State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total i' ' ; " (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (8) (9) • (10)

TELANGANA 1. Scheme under G.M.F. ii^05 (Jointly financed by the to. State and the Centre) (o) Distribution of fry, finger- lings and stocking 5.00 5.00 1.47 1.47 8.58

(b) Supply of fishery requisites 1.50 1.50 1.50 (c) Transportation facilities for stocking and Market­ ing of catches 0.64 0.64 0.2i» 0.22 0.42

(d) Increasing the fish production in selected tanks 8.00 3.00 0.90 0.90 2.10

2, Fisheries Development Scheme in Nalgonda dis­ a.oo trict 3.00 JI.OO If'isticries D avtiloptti-^nt Scheme in Khammam dis­ trict ...... 8.00 3.00 .. 3 .0 0

4. Assistance to co-op jratives .. 1.25 1.52 0.20 0.20 1.05

5. Additional staff for Head Oilice ...... 1.00 1.00 1.00

6. Additional staff for Research • • section ., .. .. 0.80 0.80 0.80

7. Construction of cold>storage at Hyderabad .. 1.48 1.48 1.00 1.00 0.48 8. Construction of building for head office, Museum, Aqua- rium and Laboratory .. 2.80 2.30 2.80 CO 9. Training of personnel .. .. 0.75 0.75 0.75

10. Developinent of Fisheries in Adilabad District .. .. 3.00 3.00 0.05 0.05 2.95 11. Development of fisheries in Hyderabad District .. .. 3.68 3.58 0.05 0.05 8.58 12.- Construction and mainte- nance of fish farms, at each —----- of the following districts (a) Mcdak ...... 1.05 1.05 V ' } {b) Mahboobnagar ,, .. 1.05 1.05 I 4.20 1.80 1.80 2.40 (c) Nizamabad 1.05 1.05 f (d) Karimnagar .. .. 1.05 1.05 J

Total .. 3.78 80.72 84.45 1.00 4.69 5.69 28.76

Grand total 9.28 98.54 7.S9 ' 110.51 1.00 17.08 18.08 92.48 A p p e n d i x N o . X ll. CO-OPERATTON Financial Break up of Plan Prmnsi/m. (Rupees in lakbs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and P l a n ------State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

1) (2) (8) • (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA 1. Pilot Scheme of Integrated Rural Credit .. 16.84 16.84 8.64 2.81 11.45 5.39 2. Expansion of Rural Credit ' 09 Societies 42.18 42.18 18.46 18.46 28.72 d. Training of Subordinate ' Personnel 7.25 7.25 4.20 4.20 3.05 4. Long terra loans through L. M. Banks .. 2.55 2.55 1.21 1.21 1.34 5. Education of members and office bearers of Societies .. 16.23 15.28 7.62 7.62 7.61 6. Research, Survey and Statistics 3.12 3.12 0.78 0.78 2.39 T. State Co-operative Develop­ ment Fund 5.24 5.24 5.24 8. Agricultural Credit (Relief and Guarantee Fund) 5.00 5.00 6.00 9. Labour contract and Forest Coupe Societies 0.88 0.92 1.30 1.30

T otal.. 97.79 0 .9 2 9 8 .7 1 8 .6 4 3 5 ,0 3 4 8 .6 7 5 5 .0 4 CO-OPERATION. (Conid.) 4^ Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs')

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan -State Share No. Ciipital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA 1. Expansion of Rural Credit Socijti.s 22.27 22.27 6.48 6.48 15.79 2. Devclopinent of Land cc Mortgage Banking 5.82 5.82 1.45 1.45 3.87 8. Development of Co-opera' Cf» tive Marketing 8.46 33,37 41.83 30.81 4.22 34 53 7.30 4. Training of Subordinate Personnel 4.19 4.19 2.10 2.10 2.09 5. State Ware-Housing Corporation ., 20.00 20.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 6. Education of members and office bearsi s of Co-ope­ rative So ieties 3.90 3.90 1.95 1.95. 1.95 7. Co-operative Development Fu id 10.00 10.00 10.00 8. Releif and Guarantee Fund . •• 8.00 8.00 .. 8.00 Total.. 20.00 62.14 33.87 115.51 40.31 16.20 56,51 59.00 20.00 159.93 84.29 ■ Grand Total .. 214.22 48.95 51.23 100.18 114.04 A ppendix N o. X III.

WARE HOUSING AND MARKETING

Financial Break up‘of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

■ ■■ "f" ■ -

C e n t b a l A s s i s t a n c e . ■SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan -State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3 ) (4 ) (5 ) (6) (7 ) (8) (9 ) (10)

ANDHRA 09 T 1. Development of Co-operative a> Marketing 29.01 120.02 149.08 88.51 14.51 103.02 46.01

2. Tobacco Marketing 15.78 15.78 . 11.84 11.84 3.94

3. Co-operative Marketing of Coconuts 1.57 0.15 1.72 0.86 0.86 0.86

4. State Warehousing Corpora­ tion 20.00 . , 20.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Total.. 20.00 30.58 135.95 186,53 110.35 15.37 125.72 60.81 A i * p k n u i 3 c N o . WARE HOUSING AND MARKETING

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Central A ssistance SI. Name of the scheme Loans and r^ianPlan No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA 0 5 1. Expansion of the Marketing Department .. • • 4.05 ,, 4.05 .. 4.05

2. Grading of Agricultural Products ► • • 1.58 .. 1.58 . 4 .. 1.58

8. Statistical Organisation . 2.09 2.09 .. 2.09

4. Expansion of Publicity Section 3.31 ,, 3.31 , , .. .. 3.31

5. Ameliorative Works • 5.76 5.76 .. 5.76

Total.. 16.79 16.79 .. 16.79

Grand Total .. 20.00 47.37 135.95 203.32 110.35 15.37 125.72 77.60 A p p e n d i x N o . XIV.

MISCELLANEOUS

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakbs)

Central Assistance. Loans and Plan Sfnfp Shflrp No. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA 1. Resettlement of landless oa agricultural labour ca Co-operative Farming Scheme 1.92 2.26 4.18 2.00 1.12 3.12 ] .06 2. Consolidation of holdings . 14.83 14.83 14.83

Total. . 16.75 2.26 19.01 2.00 1.12 3.12 15.89 \ TELANGANA

1. Go-operative Farming 3.58 1.90 5.48 1.90 1.79 3.69 1.79 2. Consolidation of holdings . 5.70 5.70 5.70 3. Development of area under Irrigation Projects 81.10 81.10 81.10

Total. 81.10 9.28 1.90 92.28 1.90 1.79 3.69 88.59 O.Hl 104 4.S Cirand T o t a l . 81.10 26. OS 4.16 m . 29 :i. 90 ' 91 A ppkndix N o . X V .

N.E.S. AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Financial Break up of Plan Provision.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan -State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA cc o- 1. Community Development, National Extension Service and Training Schemes 715.505 329.491 1044.996 329.491 442.422 771.913 273.088

TELANGANA

I. Community Development, National Extension Service and Training Schemes 384.889 159.851 494.740 159.851 213.387 373.238 121.50*2

Grand Total 1050.394 489.342 1539.736 489.342 655.809 1145.151 394.585 A p p e n d i x N o . XVI.

MULTI-PURPOSE PROJECT

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision - oL&rc.diicirv No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) • (5) ■ (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

os- ANDHRA o 1. Nagarjunasagar Project 1995.00 1995.00 1995.00 1995.00

TELANGANA

1. Nagarjunasagar Project .. 1285.00 1235.00 1235.00 1235.00

Total.. 8280.00 3230.00 3230.00 8280.00 A p p en d ix NO. XVII. IRRIGATION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Central Assistance SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan -State Share No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA • Major Irrigation :— Spillover Schemes. cnCO

1. Krishna Regiilator-cum- 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 Road Bridge. 2. Romperu Drainage Project 2.14 2.14 2.14 2.14

3. Bhairavavanitippa Project . 98.75 •• 98.75 98.75 98.75

4. Uppar Pennar Project 3.79 3.79 3.79 3.79

5. Rallapad Project 44.00 44.00 44.00 44.00

6. T.B.P. Low level canal 69.23 69.23 69.23 69.23 • Nezv Schemes. ■7. T.B.P. High Level Canal 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 Scheme. .8. Vamsadhara Project 85.00 85.00 85.00 85.00 A p p e n d i x N o . XVII— (ConUl.)

IRRIGATION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5] (fi) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA Medium Irrigation. C5- 1. Construction of anicut 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 Ct across Nagavalli at Narayanapuram.

2. Nagavalli Right side canal .. 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84

8. Vegavathi Anicut scheme . . 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13

4. Seethanagaram Anicut 1.93 1.93 1.93 1.93 Scheme. 5. Lower Sagileru Project ,. 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00

'6. Gambhiramgedda Reservoir 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56

'7. Nakkalagandi Reservoir .. 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30

Bandakattu Channel 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 Remodelling. 9, licmodelling and improvements 211.00 1 .

10. Chennarayanaswamigudi 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 Reservoir Scheme.

11. Pincha Reservoir Scheme .. 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41

12. Restoration of Siddalagandi 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 Scheme.

13. Establishment of T.P. Sus- 10.08 10.08 10.08 10.08 pense, etc., on the above medium irrigation schemes (provided separately in the budget).

New Schemes. ' o»CO 14. Torrigedda Pumping , 28.42 28.42 28.42 23.42 09 Scheme.

15. Bahuda Reservoir near 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 Nimmanapalli Village,

16. Varadarajaswamy Project .. 6.82 6.82 6.82 6.82

17. Excavating supply channel 21.17 21.17 • 21.17 21.17 from Paleru to Bitragunta Tank group. .18. Vettigedda Project 20.82 20.82 20.82 20.82

19. Varahaul Reservoir . . 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00

20. Paidigarru Project .. 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 A p p e n d i x N o . XVII— {Contd.)

IRRIGATION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue AdvMiees Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA ■a 21. Kalyani Reservoir Proje^jt .. 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

22. Gadigummi Reservoir Project 10.00 10.00.. 10.00 10.00

23. Zurreru Reservoir Scheme .. 18.17 13.17 13.17 13.17

24. Dorigallu Project 16.84 16.84 16.84 16.84

25. Sagileru Anicut 15.46 15.46 15.46 15.46 ✓

26. Kalahgi Reservoir ..

27. Swarnamukhi left bank 16.00 16.00 16,00 16.00 canal Scheme. 28. Investigation of Projects .. 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Total 1,238.60 1 ,2 8 8 .0 0 l , 2a 8.60 1,238.60 XNO- -iV V ll---- IRRIGATION

Financial Break up of Plan Prolusion.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA 09 M a j o r I e r i g a t i o n . cn cw- Spill over Schejnes.

1, Raiolibunda Diversion 113.05 .. 113.05 113.05 113.05 Scheme. 2. Ksdani Project .. 32.30 32-30 32.30 •• 32.30 ••

3. Investigation of Projects 9.50 •• 9.50 9.50 9.50 Total 154.85 154.85 154.85 154.85

M e d i u m I e r i g a t i o n . 1 Spill aver Schemes.

1. Koilsagar Project 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 • • A p p e n d i x N o . XVII— {ConiA.)

IRRIGATION

Financial Break up of Plan Pnwixim.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share- No. Capital RevemieAdvances Provi'-ion Loans Subsidy Total

0 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA-(Contrf.) OS'-

2. Bheemanapalli project 0.36 .. .. 0.36 0.86 0.86

8. Sarlasagar Project 6.89 .. .. 6.89 6.89 6.89

4. Musi Project 55.00 .. .. 55 00 55.00 55 -00

5. Sirla Project 0.66 .. .. 0.66 0.66 0.66

New Schemes.

6. Jutpalli Project 13.13 .. .. 18.13 18.18 13.13

7. Dorepallivagu Project 18.28 .. .. 13.28 18.28 18.28

8. Lacknapur Project 9.87 .. .. 9.87 9.87 9 87

9. LAkshmisagar Project 14.17 .. 14-17 14.17 4.17 10. Chinna Musi Project L£> .94 IS.94. \ s 11. Nakkavagu Project 10.63 10.63 10.63 10.63

12. Ramadugu Project 12.04 12.04 12.04 12.04

18. Salivegii Project 11.84 11.34 11.34 11.34

14. Jowlivagu Project 32.96 32.96 32.96 32.96

15. Nallevagu Project 13.28 13.28 13.28 13.28

16. Sugdevagu 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00

Total 241.50 241.50 241.50 241.50

All Schemes: Total .. 396.35 396.35 396.35 396-. 35 •• cc o* Grand Total .. 1,634.95 • • 1,634.95 1,634.95 1,634.95 A p p e n d i x N o . XVIII

POWER

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Ruj)ees in lakhs).

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e

SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Loans and T^lX iilll ji n • — State Share No. Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

%

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6 ) (7) (8) (9) (10)

I ANDHRA 03 OCOr 1. Machkund Hydro-Electric 254.00 254.00 •• Scheme including pill Pover of Nellore Thermal Scheme.

2. Tungahhadra Hydro-Electric 888.00 388.00 .. Scheme including Spill over of Chittoor District Scheme.

8. Machkund Hydro-Elcctric 180.00 180.00 .. Scheme Stage II.

Extensions costing over 849.00 849.00 .. Rs. 10 lakhs including extensions for bulk loads.

4. Tuagal)liadra-Ncllore Hydro- 675.00 675.00 .. Tliermal S ch cm cs . Extpnsfon costing over 50.00 .. .. 50.00 Rs. 10 lakhs including extens on for bulk loads.

5. Silcru Ilydro-Electric Schcme 50.00 .. .. 50.00

6. Investigation of New Power .. 10.00 .. 10.00 Project.

7. Rural Electrification .. 215.27 .. .. ' 215.27 215.27 .. 215.27

Total .. 2,156.27 10.00 .. 2,166.27 215.27 .. 215.27

OStn to A p p e n d i x No. XVITI.—{Contd.)

POWER

Financial Break up of Plan Provision.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan OilcilC No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(10) (1) (2) (3 ) (4) (5 ) (6) ■ (7) (8) (9)

COo TELANGANA o Continuing Schemes.

1. Thermal 137.03 137.05 Scheme. 2. Rural ELctrification Scheme 27.20 27.20 27.20 27.20

3. Nizamsagar Hydro-Electric 17.10 17.10 Project. J^ew Sch^mcsi

4. Devanoor Hydro-Electric 220.00 220.00 Project.

5. Reorganisation of City 85.50 8 5 .5 0 E.lectrieity Supply Net-work. C. Ramngundam Thartmxl lU . Station Extension. ll^ 7. Northern Feeders (66 K.V.) 3 8 .2 0 3 8 .2 0 O) Rarnagimdam. * , •J.i' 8. Rural Electrification Schemes ' 43.70 43.70 43.70 43.70

9. Investigation of Projects 3.80 3.30

10. Engineering Research 23.80 23.80 23.80

Total 587.95 27.60 615.55 70.90 70.90 23.80

Grand Total 2,744.22 37.60 2,781.82 286.17 286.17 23.80

N o t e ;—^The remaining power schemes will be financed from the.Miscellaneous Development Fund from the Governmjent of India. ' CO, OS A p p e n d ix No. X IX .

MAJOR AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs).

Central Assistance SI. Capital Revenue Loans and XPlan lau -State Share No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

0 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (<5) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA CO 1. Expansion of Andhra Paper 175.00 175.00 175.00 175.00 tc Mills, Rajahmundry. 2. Expansion of Government 7.60 7.60 7.60 7.60 • Ceramic Factory, Gudur. 8^ Stating of Sri Venkates- 10.85 10.35 10.35 10.85 wara Paper and Straw Board Mills, Tirupati. • 4. State Finance Corporation .. 20.00 20.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

5. Co-operative Sugar Factories 60.00 0.77 60.77 45.00 45.00 15,77

Total 272.95 0.77 •• 278.72 247.95 247.95 25.77

N o t e : —A sum of Rs. 19 lakhs, from out of the unallotted amount in the composite Hyderabad State Plan has recently been allotted to Telangana region by the Planninginning Commission. This is in addition to the oriffinal ceiling of Rs. 5540.67 lakhs for Telangana. VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INBUSRIES

. Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Ce n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan -State Share No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA Continuing Schemes — 00 I a- 1. Scheme for the manufacture of CO- Scientific apparatus at Gudur ' . .■* 1 -56 1-56 0 07 0-61 0-68 0-88 2. Shifting of training centre Rajajbmundry to the site - of ceramic Service Centre 0 19 0 19 0 -14 0 -14 0 05 8. Starting of training-cum- production unit for stone ware and earthen ware products, Anakapalli and _ _ Vizianagaram.... 1 -73 , 1-78 0 08 - 0-78 0-86 0-87 4. Establishment of a training- cum-production unit for the manufacture of crayons and other plaster products at Rajahmundry 1 12 1-12 0*16 0-27 0-43 0-69 A f p e n x j ix

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision

(Rup>ees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Loans and Plan -State Share No. Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total -4 Tj f\-i

(1) ‘ (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

•5.^ Establishment of 6 produc- CO tion-cum-training centres in Ob Blacksmithy at Srikakulam, Eluni, Guntur, Nellore, Cuddapah and Kumool .. 4 *90 4-90 1-57 2-03_ 2 *87 6. Establishment of 6 produc- tion-cum-training centres in Carpentry at Srikakulam Eluru, Guntur, Nellore, Cuddapah and Kurnool .. C-35 6*35 0*60 2*52 •12 •. 8-23

7. Production-eum-training centre . for Moulders at Vijayawada - -lf53 „ -.I*53--^ 0*06 ------0*49 ----- 0-55 ^ 0 -9 8

8. Establishment of a produc- tion-cum-training centre for ceramic ware at Dronac- chalam 1 *78 1 '78 O'87 O'18 O'55 1 "18 9. Production-cum-traininff ■ centre for training and . manufacti re of foot-wear at Elimi ' -6 *03 6-08 ■ 2*35 0-33 2-68 8-35 ;10. (^Starting of a model leather goods manufacturing unit at \ ijayawada :2*51 .2-51 ■ '0-60 ” 0-23 0-83 " l -68 r li. Starting of a model tannery at Hindupur . 5*72 5 *72 1 *85 r0*20 2 05 3-67 1 .12. , Establishment of production- eum-training centre in f - • carpentry at Visakhapat- ’ • ' i f nam .. 2*50 2*50 1 -11 0-19 1 -30 1 -20 13. Starting of a tile production centre at Pendurthi ’ 2-49 2*49 ; 0-64 0-22 0-86 1.63 00‘ 0^- 14. Establishment of a saw mill- cj»- cum-timber seasoning plant, Rajahmundry 2-85 2-35 0-95 0-05 1 -00 1 -35

15. Establishment of a stone- ware pipes manufacturing centre at Rajahmundry .. 12-55 12 -55 '■ 2-70 2 -70 0-85

16. Establishment of a produc­ tion centre for the manu­ facture of bolts, nuts and rivets etc., Visakhapatnam S 01 B -01 0*77‘ 0*77 2-24

HT. Establishment of two general purpose Engineering Work­ shops at Tadepalligudem and Cuddapah , 3 -87 .3-87. ; M -45 1 *45 2 -42 ------A p p e n d i x N o . XX—(Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances No. Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5 ) (6) (7) (8) (9 ) (10)

18. Establishment of an Industrial estate at Visakhapatnam .. 80 -90 1 -66 82 -56 81 06 0-20 81 -26 1 *30 O'CO a - l i Establishment of an Indus­ trial estate at Vijayawada 80 -63 1 -58 82 -16 80 -98 0-20 81 -18 1 08 20. y State aid to Industries under State Aid to Industries Act 15 00 15 00 10 00 10 00 5 -00

21. Strengthening of Directorate and District Staff 17 -61 .. 17 -61 8 -80 8 -80 8-81 22. Purchase of Jeeps to Asst. Directors and Asst. Indus­ trial Engineers 4-20 .. 4-20 4-20 28. Cottage Industries loans to Village Industries Artisans 20 -10 20 10 10 00 10 00 10-10

24. Gut and Khandasari Scheme 80 *00 . . 8 0 00 4 10 25 ’90 80 00 .•yerteuiture tXchrfrnrs :—

at Hindupur .. 0-54 •• 0-54 •• 0-27 0,27 0*27 26. Establishment of a basic seed farm at Hindupur 0.55 0,55 0*42 0.42 0,18 27. Facilities to be provided for the existing farm at Palamaner 0.42 0.42 0.21 0,21 0,21

28. Establishment of an experi­ mental Eriseed farm at Pyapalle 0,53 0.53 0,26 0,26 0,27 29. Establishment of a Graft Nursery at Hindupur .. .. • 0.70 0.70. .. 0,49 0.49 0,21 30. Establishment of a demon­ stration Silk farm at Aruku . Valley 1.07 1.07 1.07 1,07 a*CO 81. Establishment of Tastar seed <1 station,and seedling demon­ stration centre. 1.55 1.55 1,55 1.55

32. Other items 3.45 8.45 •• 3.45

83, Graphite crucible industry at Rajahmundry • .. 1.58 1.58 0.82 0.82 0.76 84. Manufacture of low loss ceramic ware and radio components at Gudur ; — .*. . r 2.20 2.20 0,95 0,02 0.97 1,28 35. Establishment of a research unit for small scale and village industries at Kakinada. 2.72 2.72 1.47 1.47 1.25 ^6. Mobile Blacksmithy Demons­ tration unit at Kurnool .. 1.83 1,33 0.76 0.76 0.57 A p p e n d i x No. XX-^Contd.y

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision.

(Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan -State Share No. Name of the scheme • Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5 ) (6) (7 ) (8) (9) (10)

OS 00a> 57. Mobile carpentry unit. Chit- s toor 1.18 1.13 0.64 0.64 0.49

38. Builders Hardware at Dow- leswaram 6.35 6.35 2.75 0.03 2.78 3.57

•39. Hosiery unit at Guntakal .. 8.19 3.19 0.75 0.01 0.76 2.43 ■I 40. Production-cum-training centre for Bariiboo and Basket netting (8 units) 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69

41. Coir production-cum-training centre, Mogaltur 0.46 0.46 0.23. 0.23. 0.23 < ■ V . 42. ■ Production-cum-training centre for horn articles 0 .6 7 0 .6 7 0 .3 S 0 .8 3 0.34 48 , S ch cm e fo r Intcr-stiito Mar­ keting section in the Cent­ ral Sale Emporium, Vijaya­ wada 0.46 0.46 0.20 0.18 0.83 0.13 44. Production-cum-training Cen­ tre for Fancy and artistic leather articles 0.25 0.25 0.15 0.15 • 0.10 45. Production-cum-Training Centre for Wooden toys .. 0.34 0.34 0.17 0.17 0.17

46. Establishment of Sales Emporium for Cottage and Village Industries Products 0.60 0.60 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.20

47. Other Small Scale Schemes 30.38 30.38 4.00 15.20 19.20 11.18 48. Production-cum-Training Cen­ 00 tre for enamel ware at Gudur. . . . 2.01 2.01 0.20 0.78 0.98 1.03 O i CD 49. Bicycle parts factory at Vijayawada .. 8.50 8.50 1.00 0.03 1.03 7.47 50. Manufacture of Fractional H.P. Motors and radio trans­ formers 12.82 12.82 *4.60 0.10 ‘4.70 8.12 51. Manufacture of Radio spare Parts and receivers 11.20 11.20 4.75 0.10 4.85 6.35 52. Manufacture of 16 M.M, Film Projectors 10.50 .. 10.50 4.23 0.10 4.33 6.17

58. Manufacture of Palmyrah Brush at Kakinada 1.26 1.26 0.12 0.54 0.66 0.60 54. Manufacture of small gauzed insulated copper wires, wire drawing, cotton covering and enamellirg 7 . 4 0 7 .4 0 2 .6 0 0 .1 0 2 .7 0 4 . 7 0 A p p e n d i x No. X X .— {Contd.y

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break wp of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI Capital Revenue Loans and X Iciu OllctlC o. Name of the Scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(2) (3) (4) (5) . (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TO <1 o •S5. Scheme for the establishment of two reeling imits at Pala- maner and Hindupur 0.50 0.50 0.22 0.22 0.28 ^6. Establishment of a basic fo­ reign race seed farm at Chintapalli 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.11 57. Scheme for the introduction of sericulture as craft in two schools 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 58. Scheme for starting of a pro- duction-cum-Training centre for Coir Industry.. 0.45 0.45 0.22 0.22 0.23

Spill over Schemes

59. Training of Drillers 0.08 0.08 0.08 «0. Training of Assistant Drillers J 61. Tanning Demonstration P a rtie s 0 .14 62. Glass Bangle and Bead training Centre, Simhachalam, Renigunta and Guntur .. 0.45 0.45 0 .4 5 63. Coir Soaking and Matting * Centre, Razole 0.06 0.06 0.06

64. Sri Viswtswarayya’s Indust­ rialisation Scheme for rural areas 0.12 0.12 0.12

65. Extension Training Centre, Gopannapalem 0.41 0.41 0.41 66. Government Ceramic Service Centre 0.53 0.53 0.53 67. Government Coir School, 03. Baruva 0.04 0.04 0.04

68. Additional pro vis ion made by the Planning Commission under Village and Small Industries. (Detailed schemes to be worked out later) •• 90.10 90.10 20.00 25.00 45.00 45.10 69. Industrial Co-operatives .. 10.09 5.85 15.94 5.83 6.96 12.81 3.13

70. Palm Products Development 12.43 12.43 5.95 5.95 6.48

71. Share capital and working capital loans to primary Weavers’ Co-operative Sjcieties 70.00 70.00 70.00 70.00 • • A p p e n d i x No. XX.—(Ccntd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision . (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue miii i; i

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) («) (») (10)

<1-CO 72. Loans to Audlira Handioom Weavers’ Co-operative Societies 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 I 73. Expansion of Marketing Organisation of the Andhra Handioom Weavers’ Societies 53.79 53.79 53.79 53.79

74. Improvement of techniques and organisation expenses. 67.68 67.68 .. 67,68 67.68

75. Establishment of dye factories 2.52 2.52 2.52 2.52

76. Rebate 50.00 50.00 50.00 .50.00

7 .1 5 7 7 . Cumbly Iiidustry 5 .2 7 1.88 7 .1 5 1.88 5 . 27 78. Housing CoIonUs for Weavers 5.75. 8.55 14.30 8.55 5.75 li.'20

79. Development of Silk Handloonrs 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98

80. Expansion of Guntakal Spinning Mills.. 10.00 10,00 10.00 10.00

81. Co-operative Spinning Mil Tadipatri 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00

82. Starting of a Production- cum-Training Centre for Wooden Toys manufacture, Tirupati .. 0.70 0.70 0.35 0.35 0.35

Total 61,53 532.29 173.36 767.18 274.92 304.65 579.57 187.61 CO CO A p p e n d ix No. X X —{Contd,)

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Loans and XTPlnn ikili No. Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) ■ (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA

Cotton Handloom Industries

1. Continuing Schemes: 1 00 ~ I 00 1 00 1 00

jV«t) Schemes

1. Co-operative Spinning Mill .. 20 00 20 00 20 00 20 00

2. Organisational expenses at 4 % on Cotton, Wool and Silk 5'18 ' 5-18 5*18 5 -18

8. Working Capital loan •• 24 -00 24 .00 24 -00 24 -00 4. Share Capital to Weavers .. 0-73 0-73 0-78 0-78

5. Rebate on the sale of Hand- looxn Cloth 80-48 3 0 -48 30 -4,8 8 0 48 ■6. Calendering Bleaching Plant 3 -00 l *60 4 -60 4 -60 . , 4. CO

7. Establishment of Pattern making Centre 0-37 0 *37 . . . 0 -37 0 -37 8. Establishment of workshops / for the manufacture of implements 1 00 1 00 0 -99 0 01 1 00

9. Improved appliances 2-50 2-50 .. 2 -50 2 -50

10. Establishment of dye houses 118 0-18 1-31 0*18 1-13 1-31

11. Publicity, propaganda prizes, samples etc. 0-35 0 -85 .. 0 -35 0 -35

12. Marketing depots, Inter State Sales Depots, supply » 09 of equipment, etc. 2-12 2-12 .. 2-12 2 *12 Ox

13. Working Capital to apex Society 5 01 5 01 55 01 01

14. Housing Colony of Weavers 0-50 2 -50 3 00 0 -50 3 2 *00-50

15. Running expenses for Primary and Sale ^cieties 1 *20 1 *20 1 *20 1 -20

16. Non-commercial activity of apex society .. 0-50 0-50 0 -50 0 -50

17. Training of employees of Weavers’ Societies 0 -50 0 *50 .. 0-50 0 -50

18. Thrift Fund 0 - 5 0 0-50 .. 0-50 0 ‘50 A p p e n d i x N o . XX—{Cmtd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e ^ V ) Q T * A SI. Capital Revenue Loans and XT^l I a c in l l o L c t l / C No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

Wool o> 19. Continuing Schemes 0- 40 0- 40 0- 40 0- 40

New Schemes

20. Working capital for produc­ tion 7 -62 7-62 7-62 7-62

21. Share capital to Wool Weavers 0. 76 0. 76 . 0. 76 0. 76

22. Working capital to Wool .. 2. 50 2. 50 2. 50 2. 50 Apex Society. 23. Establishment of dye houses 0. 22 0. 10 0. 32 0. 10 0. 22 0. 32

•24. Establishment of Supply- .. 0. 48 0. 48 0. 48 0. 48 cum-marketing depots. 25. Improved appliances .. 0. 60 0 . 50 ^0. 50 0. 50 26. Publicity, propaganda, etc. «. 0. 01 0. 01 O. Ol o. ox 27. Wool finishing plant 2. 35 0. 95 3. 30 2. 85 0. 95 3. 30 00 28. Wool carding and processing 0. 85 * 2. 45 3. 30 0. 85 2. 45 3. 30 centre. 29. Running expenses and re- .. 0. 75 0. 75 • 0. 75 0. 75 • • bate to wool societies

Silk :

30. Working capital loans 3. 10 5. 10 5. 10 5. 10

31. Share Capital .. 0. 76 0. 76 0. 76 0. 76 ...

32. Establishment of marketing 0. 40 0. 40 0. 40 0. 40 depots. S3. Improved appliances 0. 73 0. 73 0. 73 0. 78 CO 34. Establishment of dye houses 0. 40 ^ 0. 40 0. 40 0. 40

S5. Publicity, purchase of samples, 0. 17 0. 17 ■ •• 0. 17 0. 17 etc.

Small Scale Industries Continuing Schemes.

36. Scheme for 20 co-operative 4. 20 4. 20 2. 10 2. 10 2. work centres. 37. Scheme for Cottage Match Factories 88. Asifnagar Metal Factory 89. Branch depot of Asifnagar .. ^ 2.00 1. 62 4. 50 8. 12 4. 50 2. 50 7 .00 1. Match Factory. 40. Mushirabad Match Factory 41. Scheme for manufacturing of splints and veneers A p p e n d i x No. X X —(Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e ■•SrL Name of the scheme Loai-^s and Plan -State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) (4) (3) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( 10) >

42. Scheme for impa’-ting Train­ 4. 58 4. 58 0. 21 2. 42 2. 68 1. 95 00 ing in Power driven ma­ 00 chines. 48. Scheme for utility leather .. 2. 85 2. 85 1.07 1. 15 2. 22 0. 68 goods. 44. Scheme for model tannery at 5. 29 5. 29 2. 68 1. 07 3. 75 1. 54 Warangal -45. Scheme for development of . 1. 04 1. 04 0. 41 0. 41 0. 63 cutlery industry. 46. Glass Bangle Industry 0. 94 0. 94 0. 30 0. 80 0. 64

47.- Scheme for Brassware Indus­ 0. 06 0. 06 0. 05 0.* 05 0 : 01 try. 48. Scheme for model carpentry 0. 83 2. 26 3. 09 1. 71 0. 55 2. 26 0. 83 centres. 49. Scheme for model Blacksmith 0. 54 1. 54 2. 08 1. 07 0. 41 1. 48 0. 60 centres. 50. Scheme for financial aid to 0. 80 25.20 26. 00 16. 66 0. 40 17. 06 8. 94 Small Stale Industries New Schemes.

51. Scheme for establishment of 31. 05 1. 61 32. 66 31. 05 1. 41 82. 46 0. 20 Industrial estates. 52. Strengthening of Directorate 4. 32 4. 32 2. 16 2. 16 2. IS

58. Scheme for organising co-ope- 1. 52 5. 69 6. 79 14. 00 6.79 2. 47 9. 26 4. 74 rative work centres. 54. Brush Industry 0. 87 0. 87 0. 49 0. 11 0. 60 0. 27 55. Workshop for manufacturing 4. 00 4. 22 8. 22 8, 10 8 . 10 5. 12 implements. 56. Scheme for storage Batteries 3. 12 3. 12 1. 56 1. 56 1. 56

57. Scheme for Katha manufao. 1 . 30 1. 30 0. 65 0. 65 0. 6r> ture 58* Schemc for manufacture of . 5. 81 5. 31 8. 98 8 . 98 1. 33 pencils. 05 59. Miscellaneous Schemes .. .. 4. 11 ..•• 4. 11 1. 00 1. 50 2. 50 1. 61 ^fO’ Uandicrafts con^inving Schemes

60. Scheme for carpet and rug 0 .81 0 •81 0-18 0 .18 0 18 Industry

61. Scheme for mat weaving 0. 18 0. OV 0. 22 0. 04 0. 11 0. 15 0. 07

Nezv Schemes;

62. Scheme for expansion of 1. 60 1. 00 2. 60 1. 00 0. 80 1. 80 0. 80> cottage industries sales depots

63. Stair for handicrafts 1. 76 1. 76 0.93 0. 93 0. 83

64. Scheme for central institute . 4. 30 4. 30 2. 65 2. 65 1. 65 designs A p p e n d i x XX—{Could.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Centbai. Assistance Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Shar No. Capital RevenueAdvances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(10) (1) , (>i) (8) (i) (5) (6) (7) (S) (9)

CO-- 65. Schcme for common facility 0.- 85 0. 52 1. 37 0. 52 0. 44 0. 96 0. 41 00 centre and housing colony • for biclri workers. 6G. Scheme for common facility • * • q. 65 0 . to 1. 05 0. 40 0. 34 0. 74 0.31 centre and housing colony for Himroo workers. 67. Scheme for silver filigree 0. 18 0. 25 0. 43 0. 25 0. 12 0. 37 0. 06 work. 6«. Scheme for ivory and Horn 0. 49 0. 07 0 .56 0. 07 0, 27 0. 34 0. 22 Industry. 6f). Scheme for Horn work and 0. 50 0. 50 0. 50 0. 50 button industry. 70, Scheme for sales emporium . 2. 58 1. 81 4. 39 1. 81 1. 29 3. 10 1. 29 for Handicrafts. 71. Scheme for artistic leather 0. 17 0. 07 0. 24 0. 07 0. 09 0. 16 0. 08 craft. 72. Scheme for dye works and 1. 07 0. 15 1. 22 0. 15 0. 48 0. 63 0. 5» cloth printing. 7S. Scheme for wood in lay and w. IV .uv u. OT «>. o . vn — engraving. 74. Scheme for lac bangle Indus­ 0. 66 0. 66 0. 66 0. 66 try. 75. Scheme for bead works 0. 24 0. 20 0. 44 0. 20 0. 12 0. 32 0. 12

76. Quarrying of coloured stone 1. 00 1. 00 1. 00 1. 00

77. Miscellaneous Industries 0. 41 0. 41 0. 21 0. 21 0. 20

Sericulture Schemes:

78. Scheme for training-cum-dc-. 0. 57 0. 57 * , 0. 28 0. 28 0. 29 monstration, Bhiknoor 79. Scheme to reinforce the Govt. 0. 88 0. 88 0. 10 0. 88 0. 48 0. 40 Silk Farm, Meneir. 80. Schcme for Establishment of 0. 39 0. 89 0. 25 0. 25 0. 14 ca Mulberry nursery oa 81. Scheme for the establishment 0. 97 •• 0. 97 0. 05 0. 71 0. 76 0. 21 of tussur silk station at Venkatapur. 82. Schcme for establishment of 0. 77 0. 77 0. 05 0. 52 0. 57 0. 20 tussur silk station at Maha- deopur. 83. Scheme for the establishment 0. 66 0. 66 0. 33 0. 33 0. 33 of Govt. Seri Silk experi­ mental farm at Mahbub- nagar. 84. Scheme for establishment of 0. 84 0. 84 0. 37 0. 37 0. 47 multivoltive seed centre, Bhiknoor. t 85. Scheme to strengthen the .. 0. 89 0. 89 0. 44 0. 44 0. 45 Govt, silk farm, Saleru. 86. Scheme for sericulture demon­ 0. 77 0. 77 0. 38 0. 38 0. 39 stration of private farms. A p p e n d i x No. X X .—(Contd.)

VILLAGE AND SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan -State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) • ( 10)

87. Scheme to organise farmers’ . 0. 06 0. 06 0. 04 0. 04 0 . 02 S day in sericulture areas. to 88. Scheme to organise tussur .. 0. 06 0. 06 0. 03 0. 03 0. 03 culturist day in tussur areas. 89. Scheme for study tour and . 0. 33 0. 33 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 12 training of personnel. 90. Scheme for the organisation 0. 28 0. 28 0. 14 0. 14 0.14 of sericulture Branch. 91. Other Miscellaneous 1. 41 1. 41 1. 41 1. 41

92. Other Schemes, Training, etc. 5. 58 5. 53 1. 00 2. 53 3. 53 2 . 00

93. Other Village Industries 63.48 21 50 84. 98 21. 50 63. 48 84. 98

Total .. 66 64 195. 85 123 06 385. 05 184. 10 152. 29 336. 39 48 . 66

Grand Total .. 128 17 727. 64 296 42 1152. 23 459. 02 456. 94 915. 96 28C. 27 A ppendix N o. X X I. ROADS Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Central A ssistance Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (^) (S) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

State Roads ANDHRA •

1. (a) Spill over works 34.07 10.09 44.16 :: . : 44.16 (b) New works 165.55 * , 165.55 .,,, 165.55 - ‘ (c) Maintenance of roads CO 00 taken over by the CO Government and new roads to be formed 62.00 62.00 ,,,, 62.00 (d) Avenues .. . , 10,00 10.00 10.00 2. Other Poads (a) Spill over works 98.75 98.75 ,, 98.75 (b) New works 26.25 26,25 26,25

8. Tools and Plants 80.50 .. 30.50 4. State share of National ' Highways Diversion Scheme 34.50 34.50 ,, ., 34.50 5. Roads in village plans 75.00 75,00 ,, ,. 75.00 6. Development of Tourism 3.16 0.55 3.71 3,71

Total.. 267.78 282.64 550,42 • • . • • 550.42 A p p e n d i x No. X X I (Contd),

ROADS

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (‘^) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA ce 1. Spill over works from First 00 Five-Year Plan to Second iCk. Five-Year Plan 17.90 10.49 28.39 28.39

12. New Hoad works 137.03 4.75 141.78 .. 141.78

-3. Dust proofing existing roads

(black topping). 40.00 • • • • 40.00 • • 40.00

4. Survey Divisions 8.70 .. 8.70 .. 8.70

Total.. 203.63 15.24 218.87 . . 218.87

Grand Total .. •471.41 297.88 769.29 . . 769.29 A p p e n d ix N o . X X T T

EDUCATION Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t k a l A s s i s t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) : (2) (3) (4) (3) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ce 00 1. Pre-primary EduontioTi 2.018 2.018 0.884 0.884 1.184 05- 2. Primary Education , , 805.SCO 805.85 181.661 181.661 178.689 8. Secondary Education 0.42 128.112 128.332 75.682 75.682 47.900 4. Technical and Vocational (non-University) 8.890 22.988 31.828 15.420 15.420 16.403 5. Universitv Education 5.000 70.258 75.258 75.258 6. Higher professionol and Technological institutions.. 36,780 61.614 98.894 81.698 31.698 66.701 7. . Social Education 3.000 3.740 6.74 2.780 2.780 4.010 8. Physical Education 2.000 2.840 4.34 2.016 2.016 2.824 9. Miscellaneous 1.200 39.080 40.23 14.519 14.519 25.711 10. Welfare of Physically handicapped .. 0.560 0.560 0.262 0.262 0,298 11. Technical Education 40.780 46.460 87.24 82.270 82.270 54.970

Total.. 98.070 677.410 775.480 807.087 807.087 468.448 A p p e n d i x N o . X X II. {Conid).

EDUCATION

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

• C k n t e a l A s s i s t a n c e Sri. Name of the scheme Loai>s and Plan State Share No. Capital Kevenue Advances Provision Ix>ans Subsidy Total

U) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) <10)

TEI.ANGANA

1. Pre-primary Education 0.60 ' 0.60 0.30 0.30 0.30 2. Primary Education 31.30 1.^0.49 181.79 95.00 95.00 86.79 S. Lower Secondary' Education 2.95 29.98 32,93 16.60 16.60 16,38 4. Higher Sseondary Education 17.19 63.84 81.03 28.50 28.50 57.53 5. Soei

Grand Total .. 188.900 1090.810 1279.710 532.127 532.127 747.583 A p p k n d i x No. XXITT.

MEDICAL

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Cknteal A ssistance Sri. Name of the sche.ne Loans and Plan “ Share No. Capital RevenueAdvances Provision l/oaiis Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (^) (•5) («) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA

1. Improvements to Andhra 30.30 I . -22 31.61 . 16.57 16..57 15.04 --I’ Medical College and King George Hospital, Visakha- patnam. 2. Upgrading of Pathology 2.11 2 a i 1.09 1.09 1.02 Department in Andhra Medical College, Visakha- patnam. 3. Guntur Medical College 12.9fi 0.67 1S.6JJ 7.37 7.87 6.26

4. Government General 19.91 0.09 20.00 20.00 Hospital, Guntur. 5. Government General 20.00 20.00 2.30 3^.50 17.50 • Hospital, Kurnool. 6. Medical College, Kurnool 8.00 12.00 20.00 11.38 11.88 8.62

7. Training of Assistant 1.00 .. 1.00 1.00. Surgeons. A p p e n d i x No. X X MEDICAI.

Fiiw iicial Break up of Plan Provisioit (Rupees ia lakhs).

Loans and Plan Centei, A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision -State Share No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) ( 3 ) (4) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) (7) (8) (9) (10)

8. Training of Technicians 0.75 0.75 0.75

9, Training of Additional l.IO 1.10 1.10 compounders. 10. Training of Additional «.62 6.62 6.62 Midwives. 11. Training of Additional 11.35 ii.sr> 11.S5 Nurses. » 12. Improvements to District 27.87 20.62 48. 48.49 Headquarters Hospitals. 13. Improvements to Taluk 6.50 3.41 9.91 9.91 Headquarters Hospitals. 14. Provincialisation of Local 2.75 7.«6 10.11 10.11 Fund Institutions. 15. Upgrading of Department of 1.30 1.20 0.61 0.61 0.59 Social and preventive Medicine of Gruntnr. 16. Upgrading of History of 1 .06 i.o « 0.3t VJ Medicine Department. 17. Improvements to Mental 8.50 8.50 Hospital. Waltair. 18. District Laboratories and 3.22 3.22 1.62 1.62 1.60 Regional Laboratories. 19. Tuberculosis Clinics 11.00 11 .00 . . . 11.00

20. Family Planning 4.06 4.06 2.25 2.25 1,81

21. Training of Auxiliary .21 1.91 2.12 1.14 1.14 0.98 Nurse Midwivos. 22. Training of Refractionists .00 0.64 .1.64 1.03 1.03 0.61 and Opticians. 23. Training of Auxiliary 07 1.65 1.72 0.87 0.87 0.85 Health Workers. 2t. Training of Laboratory 0.40 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.20 Assistants. 00ca 25. Training of Public Health 1.72 1.72 0.88 0.88 0.84 o Nurses. 26. Establishment of full time 0.5S 0.5ft • • 0.55 units in the Andhra Medical College, Visakha- patnam and Guntur Medical College. 27. LTpgrading of Headquarters .50 3.50 5.00 3.00 Hospitals for internee training. 28. Primary Health Centres .98 25.64 • . __ 42.62 24.32 24.32 18.30

29. Mental Hospitals and .00 3.14 4.14 4.14 Psychiatric clinics. .SO. Special Diet Kitchen 1.69 1.69 1.69

31. Openiiig of Dental Colleges 50 3.50 6.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 and dental clinics. A p p e n d ix N o. XXTTI.— {CmiUf.)

MEDICAL

Finavciol Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c k SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision -State Share No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) . (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ‘ (8) (9) (10)

fO 32. State Medical Research 0.50 0..)0 0.50 o 38. Public Health Laboratory of 9.50 5.50 15.00 7.72 7.72 7.28 King Institute type.

84. Tubercubsis Isolation beds • 10 SO 4*86 15 -86 1 -50 1-50 18'86

36. Control of Leprosy 4-00 8*00 T 00 7 00

36. Venereal Clinics.. 1 00 8-48 4 -43 4*48

37. Anti T.B. Demonstration 8 00 8-65 6 '65 2 8S 2-88 8-82 centre and aftercare Rehabilitation centre.

38. Child guidance clinics and 0 '50 0-76 1 -26 0-77 0 77 0*4» psyc\iiatric clinics. 29. Infectious Disease Hospitals * GO 8 -OO 7 -OO at Visakhapatnara and Guntur.

40. Sphool Health Services U*92 2 *92

41. Infectious Disease Hospital 3-30 I -.50 5*00 5 00 at Tirupati and Bbadra- chalam.

42. E.N.T. Clinics .. 1 -00 1 0 0 I 00

48. Eye Clinics 1 -00 1 0 0 1 *00

44. System of Indigenous 0-40 0-40 0*40 Medicine and Research in Ayurveda. S Total 187 -64 178 *20 3C0 -84 88 *19 88 -19 272 -65 A p p e n d ix N o . XXIII.—

MEDICAL Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a t . A s s is t a n c e SI. of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision -State Share No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2 ) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

t e l a n g a n a

1. Upgrading of Medical SO 00 29 *24 5Q 24, 39 -24 College and Osmania General CO Hospital.

2. Upgrading of K.E.M. .4 50 46 -90 51 -40 27 *96 27 -95 28 -45 Hospital and opening of Gandhi Medical College.

3. Establishment of Department 6,i48 0 -48 3 -87 8 -87 3 11 of Social and Preventive Medicine in Medical College.

-4. Training of Laboratory Assis­ • • 0-90 O&O 0 -46 0 *46 0-44 tants, x-ray Technicians, Medico Social and occupational Therapists. 3. Nurses’ Training School 1 -25 8-15 4*40 • • • * • • 4-40

Radium Institute • • 8-00 8 *00 • • 8 00 7. Upgrading of District 8*00 15 00 •• 18 -00 • • •• 18 OO Hospitals. ^ 8. Upgrading of Taluk •• 9-40 • • 9-40 • • * • -• . 9-40 o Dispensaries.

9. Increasing the allotment of 1 00 17 -00 • • 18-00 • • • • -• 18 -00 medicines, instruments, equipment and diet and upgrading of medical store. 10. Upgrading of Dental 2-50 • • 2-50 • • 1 *38 1 -38 1 -12 Hospitals and Clinics. 11. Appointment of Medico- • • 0*96 • • 0-96 • • • • •• 0-96 Social Workers. 12,

12. Subsidised Medical Practi­ • • 1 -81 1 *81 • • • • • • 1 -81 tioners. 13. Expansion of Domiciliary 4 00 15 -84 19-84 • • 5-10 5-10 14 -74 Tuberculosis campaign. 14. Venereal Diseases .. ..• « 00-11 *11 .,• • 00-11 *11 ..• • ,.• • ..-• 00-11 *11 ^

15. Establishment of Special •• 0.25 0.25 0.08 0.08 0.17 Diet Kitchen, Osniania Hospital. 16. Employment of occupational 0.75 0.75 0.75 therapists. 17. Public Health Laboratory ,. 2.50 2.86 5.36 1.80 1.80 3.56

18. leprosy control . 3.72 3.72 1.86 1.86 1.86 ♦ • - 19. Establishment of Indian 4.50 1.64 6.14 8.50 3.50 2.64 Medicine Dispensary

Total 50.75 166.51 217.26 45.50 45.50 171.76

Grand Totitl .. ' 288.39 339.71 578.10 133.69 133.69 444.41 A p p e n d i x N o . XXIV,

PUBLIC HEALTH.

Financial Break up of Plan Provision, (Rupees in lakhs).

SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and Plan C e n t k a l A s s i s t a n c e No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) ( 3 ) (4) (5 ) (6) ( 7 ) (8) ^ (9) (10)

0 - ' - A I^H R A • ' t. ‘ 00 (*) Health Schemes. CO 1. Expansion of Malaria Bureau. 33.07 33.07 33.07 2. Nutrition Research 8.29 3.29 3-29 8. Health propaganda and Publicity 2.48 2.48 2.48 4. Measures for the prevention 7.36 of Epidemic diseases. 7.36 7.36 5. B.C G. Vaccination campaign 14.13 14.13 14.13 6. Rural Sanitation Unit 0.99 0.99 0.99 7* Training Health visitors 4.73 4.73 2.615 2.615 2.115 8. National Filaria control Programme 24.91 24.91 2 4 .9 1 0 9. Training of Dais 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90

10. Training of Public and 4.06 4.06 4.060 Auxiliary Health personnel. 11. Training of General Trained • 0.24 0.24 0.240- Nurses in Public Health Nursing. 12. Establislunent of Central 2.20 2.20 2 . 20- Malaria Laboratory and Museum. 13. Establishment of Central 1.61 1.61 1.61 Nutrition Laboratory and Museum. 14. Training Sanitary Inspectors ! 2.20 4.5T 6.77 2.285 285 4.485 at Guntur Medical Col lege. 15. Vital Statistics and Health 0.62 0.62 0.62 Statistics mechanisation and compilation of vital OE •statistics. 16. Training of sanitary Ins­ 2.20 3.86 6.06 2.065 2.065 3.995 ^ pectors at Rural Health Unit, Simhachalam. Total .. 4.40 110.02 114.42 8.865 8.865 105.555

II. National water supply and sanitation schemes I. 1. - Providing water supply and sanitation faci­ lities in Visakha- patnam unit of Visakhapatnam . District. 2. Providing water ’supply and sanitation faci­ lities for Palnad unit in Guntur District. J 38.78 38.73 19.365 19.365 19.365* A p p e n d ix No. X X IV

PUBLIC HEALTH— (Cow/d.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. 1 Loans and Plan Ol/clLC No. Name of the scheme. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total i

(1) (2) (4) (5 ) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

8. Providing water supply and sanitation faci­ lities for Pattikonda unit, Kurnool district. 4. Providing water supply and sanitation faci­ lities for Kadiri unit of Anantapur district. II. S]iillover works under the 18.39 18.39 9.195 9.195 9.195^ former R.W.S. compre­ hensive scheme.

New Schemes.

III. New Schemes .. 38.85 38.85 19,425 19.425 19.425*

Total 77.58 18.39 95.97 47.985 47.985 47.985“*' * Tliis will be financed by the State Govermnent and from contributions form Local Bodies. III. Urban Wafer muppiy ana ura^nage

1-. Guntur Water Supply Scheme 6 -510 6 *510 6 -510 6-510

2, Kakinada Water Supply • Scheme Part I Kakinada Water Supply V 3 -530 8 *580 8 -580 3-530 Scheme Part II J

8. Vizag Water Supply Improvements 1*800 , 1*800 1 -800 1 -800 *- 4. Tirupati Water Supply im­ provements .. 0.-521 0.*521 0;521 0-521 ];!• 6. Vijayawada Water Supply improvements- 82.*459 82*459 82 -459 32*459 za i." o 6. Cuddapan Water Supply improvements 6-880 6 -880 6 -880 - - .» * 6-880 ■ * * ‘ i . k Proddatur Water Supply - improvements 5-550 5 *550 , 5-550 . 5*550 • •

' 8. Nandyal Water Supply Schenle 16 -690 116-690 16 -690 , ,. 16 -690 i,i"- 9. Chittoor Water Supply , Scheme ___ __ .. „ 6 -580 6-580 6 -580 6 -580

10. Srikakulam Water Supply (rub Scheme 11 010 11 010 11 010 11 010 11. Hindupur Water Supply .11 ' Scheme 3 -850 3 *850 3 -850 3-850 A p p e n d ix N o . XXIV

PUBLIC HEALTH— (Cwi/d.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs.)

{ CEimiAL Assistance SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and Plan OV'ClrLtr OilCtrlT^ No. Capital RevenueAdvances PlD vision Loans Subsidy Total

- (1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

1 i 12. Guntakal \Vater Supply oa Scheme .8-620 8-620 • • to «* 4 d 4 3-620 • L 3-620 • • QO. 18. Peddapuram Water Supply

Scheme •W ^ « 5 -820 5-820 5-820 • # 5-820 » • t 14. Vizianagaram Water Supply

Scheme .. , 12 -320 12 -820, 12 -820 12 -820 • *

15. Anautapur Water Supply Scheme . . . 6-880 6-880 6-880 6-880 ..

16. Masulipatam improvements - ♦ Scheme • • • •

17; Vijayawada Drainage

Scheme • • 21 -470 2l -*470 21 -470 21 -470 • •

18. Eluru Drainage Scheme • • 10 -410 10 -410 10 -410 10-410 19. Vizag Partial Drainage, Scheme ...... 1 030 1 080 1 080 .. 1 030

Total...... 157/430 157*480 157/430 .. 157*430

All Schemes total .. 81-98 128 -41 157.-480 367 -820 157 *430 66.S50 214 *280 153-540

:—^The figures shown under loan assistance from the centre for the schemes under “ Urban Water Supply and Drainage” are tentative.

•Provision will be made for this scheme by adjustments from other provisions.

CD A p p e n d ix N o. XXIV

PUBLIC HEALTH— (Con

Financial Brgak up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the sclieme Loans and X.Plan IcUl O mII/C OlicirC No. Capital. Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) (4) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) ( 7 ) ( 8 ) ( 9 ) (10)

TELANGANA PUBLIC HEALTH SCHEMES o o 1. Liaison Officer for Five Year Plan 0-70 0-70 0-70

2, Training of Health Personnel 4-54 4-54 4-54 8. Establishment of Medical and Health Units 15-84 46-08 .. 61 -92 85 -90 95-90 2« -02 4. Upgrading of Fever Hospital 1 *00 2-70 3-70 3-70

5. Health Education Schemes 0-75 1 -62 2-87 2-37

6. Village Medicine Boxes 0-90 0-90 0-90

7. National Malaria Control .. 12 *93 12-93 12-93 12-98

S.* National Filaria Control 13 *40 18 -40 1 3 -4 0 Maternity and Child Welfare Centres in backward areas ♦ ♦ 4-04 .. 4 04 4 -04

10. School Health Clinics -• 8-28 .. 8-28 8 -28

11. Family Welfare Centre • • 2-48 .. 2-48 •• 2-48 •• Total.. 17-59 97-67 .. 115-26 48 -83 48 -83 66 -43

Note :—^In addition to the amount of Rs'. 48 -83 lakhs, there is^ a central assistance of Rs. 0 -70 lakhs, 8 -00 lakhs, 0 -66 lakhs and 0 *04 lakhs outside the state plan for the schemes number 2,8,9 and 11 respectively.

t e l a n g a n a <> IL National Rural Water Supply and Sanitaiion Schemes

1. Wells of Kattedan Unit (Hyderabad) .. 18 00 13 00 6-50 6-50 3-25

' 12. Wells of Kattedan Unit in Gadwal Unit (Mahabub- nagar) 13 00 13-00 6-50 6-50 6-50

S. New Schemes to be decided ' later 13 *89 13-39 6-695 6-695 3-347

Total.. 89 -39 39-39 19 -695 19 -695 9 -847*

All Schemes total 56-98 97 -67 .. 154 -650 68 -525 68 -525 76 -277

Grand Total .. 188 -96 226-08 157-430 522-470 157-430 125 -375 282 -805 229 -817

♦The balance of Rs. 9 *848 will be borne by the Public and Local Bodies. A p p e n d i x No. XXV.

HOUSING

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t k a l . A s s i s t a n c e . SI Name of scheme. Capital Revenue Advances. Provision. -Sf'A.f'p SliA.r^ No. Loans Subsidy Total /

(1) (2 )' (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA AREA s K) i . Rural Housing .. 7.18 7.18 6.18 6.18 1.00 2. Urban Housing. (a) Low Income Group Housing Scheme of Local Bodies 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 {h) Housing Scheme by Co-operative Societies 98.84 98.84 98.84 78.84 15.00 :8. Industrial Housing Schemes, (a) Labour ^ 89.91 2.86 42.77 19.95 19-95 89.90 2.87 ib) Co-operatives J

(c) Andhra Co-operative Spinning Mills, Guntakal. . . 1.21 1 .6 7 2.88 1 .6 7 1.21 2.88 4. Utner Scliemes.

(Sweepers* housing and . Slum Clearance) 14.81 14.81 28.62 14.81 7.155 21.465 7.155

Total. • 55.48 2.86 181.95 190.24 185.90 28.815 164.215 26.025

• TELANGANA

1. Industrial Housing Scheme • 189.06 .. 189.06 69.58 69.58 189.06

2. Low Income Group Housing

(а) Government Sector • 84.49 .. 84.49 67.59 •• 67.59 16.90 (б) Municipal Sector 21.12 21.12 16.90 16.90 . ♦

8. Low Income Group Hous­ ing (Hoxising Co-operative Societies). 80.95 80.95 24.76 • • 24.76 . . t § 4. Rural Housing ^

5. Other Schemes (Sweepers’ Housing and Slum Clearance) • 50.41 • • • • 50.41 25.20 12.60 87.80 12.61

Total. • 826.08 . . 826.08 208.98 82.18 286.11 29.51

Grand Total . • 881.48 2.86 181.95 516.27 889.88 110.445 450.825 55.585

*Rs. 4.22 lakhs will be borne by the Government, Local Bodies and Public.

fRs. 6.19 lakhs will be borne by the Government, Local Bodies and Public. A p p e n d i x N o . XXVI

LABOUR AND lABOUR WELFARE

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

Centbal Assistance. - SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan State Share No. Name of the scheme. Advances. Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1), (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

• ANDHRA Continuing Schema o

1. Extension of coverage of employment'service, em­ ployment and District Employment Exchanges .. •• 0.68 •• 0.68 •• 0.41 0.41 0.27 New Schemes

Collection of Employment Market Information 0.86 0.86 0.52 0.52 0.84

8. Youth Employment Service •• 0.26 0.26 • • 0.16 ' 0.16 0.10

4. Occupational research and Analsysis • • 0.84 0.34 .. 0.20 0.20 0.14

5. Employment counselling units 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.04 6. Welfare Centres.. 1.82 1.82 1 .8 2 .

7. Employment State Insurance Scheme .. .. 6.00 6.71 12.71 12.71

8, Training Centres under the Director of Industries and Commerce 9.94 20.84 80.78* 80.78

Total 15.94 81.60 47.54 1.84 1.84 46.20

TELANGANA 1, Establishment of 2 ‘A’ Type and 5 ‘B’ Type Social VV^I- fare Centres 9.47 9.47 9.47

2. Workers Education. 0.55 0.55 0.55 If*- 8, Establishment of Libraries .. ,0.08 0.08 0.08 g

4.- Expansion of Administrative Machinery of the Labour ‘ ' Department .. 4.46 4.46 4.46

6. Training of Officers 0.98 0'.?8

6. Industrial Safety Museum .. 1.00 1.00 1.00

7. Strengthening of Inspectorate of Factories and Boilers. ' 8.80 8.80 8.80 New Schemes 8. Alignment of Regional Directo­ rate with All India Organi­ ‘ in? sation 1.80 1.80 0.78 0.78 0.52 A p p e n d ix N o. XXVI— (Contd.)

LABOUR AND LABOUR WELFARB

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees In lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and No. Capital. Revenue.Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy. Total.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6 ) ( 7 ) (8) (9) (10)

TELANGANA— 9. Alignment of Regional Em­ o ployment Exchanges, Saifa- bad, with All India Organi­ sation .. • • 0.87 0.87 0.22 0.22 0.15

10. Alignment of State Regional Employment Exchange, Warangal with All India Organisation .. • • 0.40 0.40 0.24 0.24 0.16

11. Establishment of 7 District Employment Exchanges at Adilabad, Nizamabad, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Karimnagar and Khammam. 0.66 0.66 0.40 0.40 0.20 12. Collection of Employment Market Information 0.50 0.50 0.80 0.80 0.20 18, Youth Employment Ser­ vice Units.

Total 28.52 28.52 1.94 1.94 21.58

Grant Total 20.00 51.00 71.06 8.28 8.28 67.78

* The provision of Rs. 80.78 lakhs represents the State Share of 40% only.

o A p p e n d i x N o . XXVII

WELFARE OF BACKWARD CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme. Loans and Plan State Share No. Ca]>ital. Revenue.Advances. Provision. Loans. Subsidy Total.

(1) (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA o 00 1. Scholarships for Harijans .. •• 8.88 8.88 4.16 4.16 4.17

2. Hostels for Scheduled Castes • • 6.00 6.00 8.00 8.00 8.00

8, Government Hostels ' . . ' • • 8.88 • • 8.88 4.04 4.04 4.84

4. Construction and repairs of School buildings • ♦ 2.50 2.50 * ^ 1.25 1.25 1:25 Provision of sanitary ameni- * ties (construction and re­ .... pairs of wells, pathways etc.,) • • 17.50 17.50 8.75 8.75 8.75 Acquisition of house sites foy Harijans • • S2.00 * * 82.00 16.00 16.00 16.00

7 . ' Propaganda and Publicity 5.00 • • 5.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 8. Aid to voluntary agencies 5. 00 5 .0 0 2 .5 0 2 .50 2 .50

Ox 9. Housing Schemes to Harijans fcO and Backward classes 18.875 18 875 36.75 9.187 9.187 27.563 10. Administration .. 8.67 8.67 8.670

11. Scholarships to Backward Classes 7.50 7.50 8.750 3.750 8.750

12. Subsidised hostels to Back­ ward Classes .. 2.00 2.00 1.000 1.000 1.000

13. Mid-day meals for Backward Classes. 2.00 2.0 1.000 1.000 1.000

Ex-criminal Tribes

14. Education 0.49 0.49 0.245 0.245 0.245

15. Housing 4.15 4.15 2.075 2.075 2.075

16. Cottage Industries 0.84 0.84 0.170 0.170 0.170

17. Public Health .. 2.88 2.83 1.165 1.165 1.165

18. Agriculture Aid 0.64 0.64 0.820 0.820 0.320

19. Miscellaneous 1.98 1.93 0.965 • 0.965 0.965

120, Aid to voluntary Services 0.02 0.02 0.010 0.010 0.010

121, Medical Aid 0.10 0.10 0.050 0.050 0.050

Total 188.755 18.375 152.18 62.137 62.187 89.993 A p p e n d ix No. X X V II

WELFARE OF b a c k w a r d CLASSES AND SCHEDULED CASTES {Contd.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

CENTRAL A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. • Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(2 ) (4) (5 ) (1 0 )

' TELANGANA I—' 1. Welfare of Ex-criminal o Tribes 4.99 4.99 2.’57 2.57 ' 2.42

2. Harijan Welfare 1.36 22.02 23.38 11.26 11.26 12.12

i ... 1 ' 3. Welfare of Other BackA^ard Classes 7.78 7.78 3.98 3.98 3.80

4. Other Welfare measures 12.15 12.15 6.08 6.08 6.07

Total ^ . i.36 46.94 48.30 23.89 28.89 24.41

Grand Total 1.36 180.695 18.375 200.43 86.027 86.027 114.403 A p p e n d ix N o . XXVIII.

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t b a l A s s i s t a n c e . SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan ------——------State Share No. ' Capital Revenue Advanes Provision Loans Subsidy Total y i

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (i';

Edttcation: ANDHRA

1. Appointment of D.E.O. for .. 1. 55 1.55 0.775 0.775 0.775 agency with necessary staff 2. Opening of basic training .. 0. 29 0. 29 0.145 0.145 0.145 School at Bhadrachalam for retraining teachers * 3. Opening of 50 new Element­ 5. 04 5. 04 2. 52 2. 52 2. 52 ary schools in the agency areas. 4. Construction of additional .. 0. 51 0. 51 0.255 0.255 0.255 block for Govt. High School, Bhadrachalam. • 5. Construction ol‘ pueca building 6 . 12 6 . 12 3. 06 3.06 8. 06 for schools in agency areas. 6. Supply of books, slates etc., 4.9 2 4. 92 2. 46 2. 46 2. 46- to tribal school going cliildren. A p p e n d ix No. X X V III

A N D H R A — (Con/d.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

I.oans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision State Share No. Loans Subsidy Total

( 1) (2) (8) (4) (5) («) (7) (8) (9) ( 10)

7. Conversion of subsidised hos­ 0. 40 0.40 0 . 20 0. 20 0 . 20 tZ tels into Govt. Boarding Houses. 8. Increase in the strength of .. 0.165 0.105 0.082 0.082 0.088 of the boarding in the (Jovt. Hostels. 9. Opening of two Govt. Hos- . 0.395 0.895 0.197 0.197 0.198 tels in East Godavary and Visakhapatnam Districts.

Agriculture:

10. Appointment of Spl. Dist. .. 1. 07 1. 07 0.535 0.535 0.535 Agricultural Officer for agency with necessary staff. 11. Opening of eight Demons- .. 3. 85 3. 85 1.925 1.925 1.925 tration Units 12. Training of Hill men 0 . 86 0 . 86 0 . 43 0. 48 0. 43 13. Opening of three pilot farms. 1. 85 1.85 0.925 0.925 ».9*^o

14. Improvments of Agricultural 0. 80 0. 80 0. 40 0. 40 0. 40 facilities in Sithampet-i ana G. L. Purani of Srikakulam wc District 15: Reclamation of Land of Agri­ 0. 15 0. 15 0.075 0.075 0.075 cultural Association of Sa- rabhannapalem in Gudem Taluk. 16. Scheme for the maintenance 1. 62 1. 62 0. 81 0. 81 0. 81 and development of De- monstration-cum-Explara- tory Farm at Rampachoda- varam.

Welfare of Chenchus: 1-^ 17. School and hostel for Qien- . 0. 55 0. 55 0.275 0.275 0.275 chus at Dornal in Kurnool District. 18. Opening of Mobile Medical .. 1. 21 1. 21 0.605 0.605 0.605 Unit at Dornal. 19. Measures for control of Mala­ 0. 89 0. 89 0.445 0.445 0.445 ria and Yaws. 20. Administrative Staff 0. 56 0. 56 0.280 0.280 0.280

21. Opening of touring billet 0. 13 0. 13 0.065 0.065 0.065 in Srikakulam District. 22. Distribution of Breeding bulls 0. 17 0. 17 0.085 0.085 0.085

23. Distribution of Breeding Stock 0. 20 0. 20 0.100 0. 100 0.100

24. Distribution of sheep 0. 08 0. 08 0. 04 0.04 0. 04 Appendix No. XXVITI.

ANBWRA~{Contd.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Centkal Assistance vSl. ' Capital T.i-vor»c oii/^1 T>1on State Share No. Name of the scheme Advances Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) ■(5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

25. Distribution of poultry 0. 10 0. 10 0. 05 0. 05 0. 05 1—^ 26. Starting of hatchery 0. 11 0. 11 0.055 0. 05S; 0.055

27. Supply of poultry houses and 0. 10 ' 0. 10 0. 05 0. 05 0 05 other appliances 28. Opening of veterinary first . . 0. 05 0. 05 0.025 0.025 0.025 centre. 29. Supply of cream separator, 0. 04 0. 04 0. 02 0. 02 0. 02 milk cans and weighing machines. 80. Opening of minor veterinary 0. 83 0. 83 0.165 0.165 0.165 dispensaries 81. Cattle farm at Chintapalli . . 2. 11 2.11 1.055 1.055 1.055 Cottage Industries. 82. Scheme for bamboo rattan.. 0.:295 0.295 0.147 0.147 0.148 basket making in Visakha- patnam Dt. ^3. Mat weaving with Koir and 0.265 0.265 0.188 0.188 0.182 Tunga in Srikakulam District. 84. Tanning demonstration units 1. 26 1. 26 0. 68 0. 68 0. 68 one in each district. S5. Extraction of Palmyrah fibre 0. 04 0. 04 0. 02 0. 02 0. 02 in Gudcm Taluk. - 36. Forming the unformed por­ 5. 00 5. 00 2. 50 2. 50 2. 50 tions ana improvments to the existing roaas from Pa- deru to Tajangi via G. Madugole Kokkeru Ghat Lodasagadda and Lamma- singi. S7. Forming a fair weather road 4. 40 • • 4. 40 2. 20 2. 20 2. 20 from Paderu to Sujanakota, Vizag Dt. S8. Forming a fair weather road 4.00 * • 4.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 from Paderu to Orissa- Ot Boarder. ^9. Formirtff a road from Gudcm 7.00 7.00 8.50 8.50 8.50 to Dharakonda with bridges. 40. Forming a Minimalhir Ghat 2.50 2.50 1.25 1.25 1.25 Road from M. 2(i/l of AnaKapalle Madugula Road to Paderu. 41. Forming a road from Peda- 2.50 • • 2.50 1.25 1.25 1.25 valasa to jKatragadda in Vizag District. 42. Forming a road from Kuruperu 0.70 0.70 0.85 0.35 0.85 to Malau'cdu in Srikakulam • District. 48. Forming a fair weather road 6.00 6.00 8.00 ' 8.00 8.00 from Addatigala to Rama- varnm (East Godavary District). A f f e n d x No. XXVIII

ANDHRA— (Cowid.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees inlakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

44. Forming a road from 2.00 •• 2.00 • • 1.00 1.00 1.00 Seethanapalli to Addatigala t—« and thence to Cheruvu o> Kommapalem. 45. Forming a road from 22/0 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.25 Rajahmundry—Maredumilli road to M. 26/0 of Samal kot Gokavaram road in East Codavar)', 46. Forming four village roads 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 in East Godavary district. 47. Forming a road from Ram- 2.47 • • 2.47 • • 1.235 1.235 1.235 pachodavaram to Bhadra- chalam. 48. Forming a road from Saja- . .. 0.70 • • 0.70 * ■ 0.35 0.35 0..35 nakota to Duduma in Vizag district- 49. Forming a road from Ganga- 0.05 * * 0.05 • • 0.025 0.025 0.025 varam to join M.D.R'. No. 6 in Rajhmundry taluk. A p p e n d ix N o . XXVIII.

ANDHRA—(Confd.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision,

(Rupees in lakhs)

Central Assistance SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Caj)ital • Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) ' (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

68. Construction of semi-per­ •• 0.62 • • 0.62 •• 0.31 0.31 0.31 manent buildings for hospital at Araku valley and quarters for staff. 64. Construction of buildings 0.39 0.89 0.195 0.195 0.195 and dispensary and quarters for staff at Sithampet. 65. Improvements to Govern­ • • 0.39 • • 0.89 • • . 0.195 0.195 0.195 ment dispensary at Jeelu- gumilli in Polavaram taluk. 66. Opening of dispensary with • • 0.39 • • 0.39 • • 0.195 0.195 0.195 an emergency ward at Sujanakota. 67. Opening of Government * • 0.39 • • 0.39 • • 0.195 0.195 0.195 Dispensary with emergency ward at G. Madugula. 50. Forming a road from Kuna- 0.60 0.60 0.30 0.30 0.30 varam to Pochavaram. 51. Formation of small village 0.95 0 95 0.475 0.475 0.475 roads in agency villages and petty repairs to the existing roads.

Medical'

52. Improvements to Government 0.81 (>..’31 0.155 0.155 0.155 Hospital at Bhadrachalam. 58. Visits by Medical Officers in 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.10 Visakhapatnam district. 54. Conversion of dispensary 0.89 0.39 6.195 0.195 0.195 K.D. Peta into a hospital and quarters for staff. ■ ■ 55. Conversion of dispensary at .. 0.67 0.67 • * 0.335 0.335 0.835 Chintapalli into 12 beded hospital. ao. Opening of mobile medical unit 0.41 .. 0.41 0.205 0.205 0.205 at Sithampet. 57. (gening of a hospital at 0.40 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.20 "Elwinpet. 58. Improvements to the dis­ 0.25 0.25 • • 0.125 0.125 0.125 pensary at Cherala and to hospital at Venkatapuram. 59. Opening of mobile unit at 0.28 0.28 • • 0.14 0.14 ' 0.14 Nuguru. 60. Opening of dispensary at 0.40 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.20 Thonam. 61. Improvements to Govern­ 0.39 0.39 0.195 0.195 0.195 ment Hospital at Polvaram. 62. Opening of Mobile Medical .. 0.59 0.59 0.295 0.295 0.295 unit at Polavaram. Public Health.

68. Maternity and Child health 8.14 3.14 1.57 1.57 . 1.57 centres for tribals. 69. Anti-malarial operations 24.00 24.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 r « •• 70. Anti-Yaws campaign in 1.33 1.33 0. 665 0.665 0.665 Srikakulam district.

Development of Araku Valley.

71. Construction of quarters for 4.75 4.75 • • 2.375 2.375 2.875 staff and hospital and pro­ tected water supply to township.

Land Colonisation.

72. Tajangi land colonisation .. 4.97 4.97 2.485 2.485 2.485 I-*

73. Mampakinchuvanipalem 1.23 1.23 0.615 0.615 0.615 colonisation. 74. Kuddapathi colonisation 3.06 3.06 1.53 1.58 1.58

75. Gujjumamidivalasa colonisa­ 2.96 2.96 1.48 1.48 1.48 tion. . . 76. Land colonisation scheme at 1.69 1.69 ■ 0.845 0.845 0.845 Jeelugumilliin West Godavary district and Aminabad Pochawaram and Gangavaram in East . 1 Godavary district. Major Irrigation. 77. Reservoir across Tajangigedda 0.03 0.03 0.015 0.015 0.015 A p p e n d ix No. X X V R I

ANDHRA—(Con«

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Loans and Plan State Share No. Name of the scheme Capital] Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (8) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) (6) ( 7 ) (8) (9) (10)

78. Formation of an irrigation • 0.88 ••• 0.33 • • 0.165^ 0.165 0.165 tank at M. 5/5 Briddlepath near Chompri village. 79. Construction of anicut across O.OS 0.03 0.015 0.015 0.015 Utla Kalva.

• • 0.12 80. Repairs to Pannanurur tank. 0.12 . •• 0.06 0.06 0.06

81. Formation of an irrigation 0.46 0.46 0.28 0.28 0 .2a tank at M. 2/0 to M. 2/2 Briddlepath near Madugula village.

82. Restoration of Kollivera • • 0.03 0.03 0.015 0.015 0.015 tank.

88. Improvements and repairs to • • 0.03 0.08 0.015 0.015 0.015 Kondapalli tank. 84. Formation of an irrigation 0.58 0.58 0.265 0.265 0.265 tank at M. 4/0 of Briddle­ • path near Nandiguda village. 85. Anicut across Tajjangigadda .. 1.76 « • 1.76 • • 0.88 0.88 0.88

86. Restoration of Chinna .. 0.02 • • 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 Midisileru tank. 87. Anicut across Chinnegadda •• 4.55 • P 4,. 55, • • 2.275, 2.275 2.275

88. Construction of Anicut at •• 0.02 9 • 0.02 • • 0.01 0.01 0.01 Pullangi vagu tank (Matsalvada palem).

Minor Irrigation,

89. Twenty six minor irrigation' ' 3.80 • •* 8.80. • • ‘ 1.90 1.90 1.90 schemes in agency areas of East Godavary district.

Fisheries : »0. Development of fisheries ^ and distribution of ‘ < fingerlings to tribals .. .. 0 *25 .. 0 *35 .. 0 *125 0 *125 0 *125

Radios: 91. Installation of 115 radio sets in agency .. .. 0 *52 .. 0 *32 .. 0 *26 0 *26 0 '26

Co-operation : 92. Finance and Co-operative Corporation in visakha- patnam district .. .. 9 *50 .. 9 *50 .. 4 *75 4 ’76 4 *75 9S. Development of Kota- Ramachandrapuram • marketing Co-operative Society in Polavaram taluk .... 0 -58 .. 0 -58 .. 0 -265 0 -265 0 -266 A p p e n d ix No. X X V III

ANDHRA— (Cmtd.)

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

•

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Loans and State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1 ) . (2) (8 ) (4 ) (5) (6 ) (7) (8 ) (9) (10)

94. Development of Atmakur to •• Co-operative Society to for Chenchus 0-75 0-75 0-875 0-875 0-875 95. Formation of purchase and Sale Society at Domal for Chenchus in Kurnool district . . . .0-52 .0 -52 0-26 0-26 0-26 96. Administration—^Additional staff in the office of the Registrar of Co-opera­ tive Societies • • o-3e • • 0'-30 0-15 0-15 0-15 )7- Development of Anantagiri Agency Co-operative Society .. 0*42 0-42 0-21 0-21 0-21 9 8 . Development of Gudem Agency Co-operative Society • • 0*26 0-26 • • 0*18 0-18 0-1& Rural Water Supply :

99. Digging of drinking water wells in agency areas .. 6:27 6-27 • • 8-185 8 -185 8 -185

Women Welfare:

100. Opening of Women Welfare • branches in agency areas 2-10 2 10 1 05 1 05 105

101. Refresher course for field staff 0 05 0 05 0 025 0-025 0 025

102. Social assistance to sick, , infirm, etc. .. 0*40 0 *40 0-20 0-20 0*20

108. Additional staff in the office of the Director of to Women Welfare 2-04 2 04 .. 102 1 02 102

104. Establishment of Tribal Cultural Research Institute for agency areas 1 -90 1 *90 0-95 0-95 0-95

Administration:

105. Staff in the office of the Director of Tribal Welfare and a section in the Secretariat .. 7.24 7 .2 4 ' 8.62 8.62 8.62

106. Soil conservation .. 3.50 8.50 1.75 1.75 1.75

107. Aid to voluntary agencies . 1.90 .. 1.90 •• 0.95 0.95 0.95 Total.. 181.250 181.250 90.624 90.624 90.626 A p p e n d ix No. XXVIII {Contd.)

WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Centual. Assistance ♦SI. Name of the scheme Loans and Plan State Share No. Capital Revenue Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) ’(8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (») (10) ^ •

Education: TELANGANA

1. Award of scholarships .. 2.20 2.20 1.178 1.178 1.082

2. Opening of H^ostel 1.22 1.22 • * 0.683 0.688 0.587 u ‘ 8. Opening of Schools .. 0.70 0.70 0.858 0.858 0.847

4: Grant-in-aid to private hostels • 0.25 0.25 •• 0.187 0.187 0.118 Agriculture:

5. Supply of Plough bullocks .. 1.00 I'.OO • • 0.58 0.58 0.470

«. Supply of se^s and improvements .. 0.25 0.25 • • 0.18 0.180 0.120

7. Demonstration Farm .. 0.65 e.65 •• 0.355 0.355 0.298 Cottage Industries:

8. Sericulture Scheme 0.88 0.88 0.192 0.192 0.192 Cn 9 .-HandicrafH3entre»-- ' 1.32 0.662 0.662 0.652

10. Training-cum-Production Centre 2.21 2.21 1.164 1.164 1.048

11. Roads construction 1.94 1.94 1.041 1.041 0.894

12. Sinking of Wells 0.68 0,63 0.836 0.336 0.294

Rehabilitation '

18;’* Construction of colonies 4.20 4.20 2.135 2.135 2.065 » « Miscellaneoui

14 '. Cultural acti^ties 0-10 O-IO 0-053 0-053 0-047

15. Administration .. 1 -oo" T -00 . 1 000

16. Co-operative Stores 0-76 0-76_ 0 -395 0 -895 0 -865

17. ‘ Forest coupe co-operative Societies . . . 0-45 0 -45 0 -25 0 -250 0 -200

Total 19 -26 19 -26 9 *589 9 -539 9 -719

Gran Total 200 -510 200 -510 100 *168 100 -163 100 -345 Appendix No. XXIX

WOMEN WELFARE

Financial Brehk up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision No. Loans Subsidy • Total State Share 1

(2) (3) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) (6) (7) (8) ■ (9) (10)

1. Opening of Service Homes .. *6-00 7*65 13 *65 .. • • 18 -65 'cs> 2. Training of Field Staff 1 -14 1 -14 . . • • 1 14

5. Vocational Training Centres for 4 Women 5-12 .. 5-12 . . . . 5 12 .. 4. Extension of Administration 1 -68 1 -68 ^ • • 1 -68

'5. Rehabilitation Programme .. 1 -13 1*13 .. 1 1 8

Improvement of existing ’ ■

■ . . 1 -54 .. branches 1 -54 •• •• 1*54

Total . . 6-00 18-26 24 -26 .. • • 24 -26 A p p e n d ix N o. XXX

SOCIAL WELFARE

Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan C e n t e a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the schcm,e Capital Revenue Advances Provision O totC OLLdrc Nc. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ( 9 ) (10)

ANDHRA *{»•* i 1. Social Welfare Extension Projects 23-77 23 -77 11 -89 11 -89 5-94*

2. Social and Moral Hygiene .. 12-66 12 -66 6-33 6-38 6-33 TELANGANA

1. Social Welfare Extension Projects 13-60 13 -60 •• 6-80 6-80 6-80

♦The balance will be met by the public and Local Bodies.

—An additional provision of Rs. 7 *73 lakhs has recently been agreed by the planning Commission for the Telangana Region from out of the unallotted amounts of the Composite Hyderabad State Plan for Social and Moral Hygiene. This is in addition to the original ceiHng of Rs. 5549 -67 lakhs for Telangana. A p p e n d i x No. XXXT

DEVELOPMENT OF C.VPIT.^L

Financial Break up of Plan Provision . (Rupees in lakhs)

Loans and Plan^ C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances irro» No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA to 00 1. Constructing an additional floor over the existing tem­ porary' Secretariat Buildings 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 2. Additional Buildings for office at High Court. 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 8. Improvements and Special repairs to High Court 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 4. Sheds for the staff in High

Court 0.51 • • 0.51 0.51 0.51 5. Extension to the existing Legislative Assembly Buildings 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 6. Improvements etc., to (k)vt. and private buildings in connection with shifting of capital of Andhra Pradesh 3.10 3.10 3.10 8.10 7. Constructing quarters for Junior OfTicers 17.80 17.80 17.80 1 7 .8 0 8. Constructing 1000 staff quarters for Andhra Pradesh 79.00 79.00 • .79.00 79.00

9. Construction of staff quarters 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 and garrages to Raj Bhavan 10. Constructing quarters for M.L.As. .. .. 24.38 24.38 24.38 .24.38

11. Other Schemes .. 4.99 4.99 4.99 4.99

Total 152.00 152.00 152.00* 152.00

♦So far the centre has sanctioned onlv Rs. 75 lakhf. to A p p e n d ix N o , XXXII MUNICIPAL ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT WORKS Financial Break up of Plan Propision. (Rupees in lakhs).

Loans and Plan Central A ssistance SI. Name of the scheme Capital Revenue Advances Provision - “OtctvC OXXCfclC No. Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA 1. Markets 17 *00 17*00 17-00 2. High School Buildings 0 *80 0-80 0-80 8. Wells and Tanks 0-44 0-44 0-44 4. Theatres 0 *45 0*45 0-45 5. Carts, Bus and Lorry stands 7-86 7-86 7-86 6. Elementary School Buildings 1-45 1 -45 1 -45 OJCO 7. Town Planning Schemes 4-88 4-88 4-88 8. Maternity and Child Welfare Centres 0 *90 0-90 0-90 9. Stadium 0-70 0-70 0*70 10. Other Buildings 4-15 4 15 4*15 11. Latrines 0-47 0-47 0 -47 12. Slaughter-Houses 0-80 0-80 0-80 13. Roads 5-00 5 00 • • • • • • 5-00 14. Parks, play grounds and swimming pools 0-40 0-40 0-40 15. Town Planning Department at Headquarters 2-24 2-24 .. 2-24

Total •• 2 -24 45 -30 ■ 47 -54 .. 47 *54 ——------■■■■ '1. ------■' ' — TELANGANA Nil A p p e n d ix N o . XXXIII

BROADCASTING Financial Break up of Plan Provision. (Rupees in lakhs)

; C e n t r a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Xjwcili^ ctHLl Xlorll ot

(1) (4) ,(5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 5 • t

ANDHRA CO 1. Schemes of installation and maintanance of 5000 -community radio sets 18 -54 18 -54 18-54

TELANGANA

1. them es of Installation and maintenance, of 1200 com­ munity radio sets 4-30 4-30 4*3 0 A p p e n d i x N o . X X X IV .

PUBLICITY

Financial Break up of Plan Provision, (Rupees in lakhs)

C e n t r a l A s s is t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and "PiIT Ictii ATI otHvc oiicirc No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

0 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) ■ (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

ANDHRA CO to 1. Salaries of the publicity Assis­ • • 2.265 • • 2.265 * • 2.265 tants, Cine-cameraman and other staff. — ......

Information Centres • • 0.588 • • 0.588 0.588

z. Films 0.442 0.442 0.442

4. •Production of Literature • • 0.910 0.910 0.910

5. Song and Drama • • 0.865 0.865 0.865

6. 'Exhibitions 0.700 0.700 0.700

7 Production of material for tha 0.240 0.240 0-240 District Block Information Centres S Press Advertisements 0.430 0.4S0 0.460 9. Purchass of Publicity 2.100 2.100 2.100 Vans and equipments • 10. Petrol and running cost of 5 1.360 •• 1.360 1.360 Old and 6 New Yans. 11. Unforeseen contingencies .. 0.100 0.100 0.100

Total 10.000 10.000 ..j 10.000 TELANGANA 1. Salaries of Publicity Assis­ 1,000 1.000 1.000 tants and other staff 2. Information Centres 0.507 0.507 0.507

3. Films 1.120 1.120 1.120

0.780 0.780 0.780 4. Production of literature 1 * * * 5. Song and drama •/ .. 0.540 0.540 0.540 i£k> ■ •• 09 CO 6. Exhibitions 0.600 0.600 • • 0.600

7. Production of Material for ., 0.940 0.940 0.940 the District and the Block Information Centres. 8. Press Advertisements .. ~ . 0.240 .. 0.240 • • .. 0.240

■ 9. Purchase of mobile Publicity. . . . 2.400 2.400 .. 2.400 vans. 10. Petrol and Running costs .. 1.440 1.440 1.440

11. Unforeseen contingencies .. 0.138 0.133 V 0.133 Total 9.*700 ' 9.700 ' 9.700 Grand Total .. 191700 19.700 19.700 Af»PENI>IX Nor X X X V .

BUREAU OF ECONOMICS & ,STATISTICS.

_ Financial Break up of Plan Provision, . (Rupees in lakhs).

C e n t e a l A s s i s t a n c e SI. Capital Revenue Loans and Plan - State Share No. Name of the scheme Advances Provision Loans Subsidy Total

(1) (2) ( 3 ) , (4) ( 5 ) ^ («) ( 7 ) , (9 ) . (10)

ANDHRA PRADESH 09 1. Scheme for Socio-Economic 6.15 6.15 3.03 3.03 3.12 Survey. .

2. Scheme for the Establishment, 2.63 2.63 1.28 1.28 1.35 of a unit for assessment of Progress of the Plan.

3. Scheme for appointment of 5.17 5.17 2.47 2.47 2.70 District Statistical Officers

4. Scheme for compilation of ■ 0.35 0.35 0.17 0.17 O'.ld Index Nos. for Agricultura-1 Production. ,

5. Scheme for conducting surveys 4.14 4.14 4.14 4.14 on non-food crops. 6. Scheme for Agro-Economic 2 .2 3 2 .2 3 1.10 1.10 , 1.13 Research.

7. Scheme for investigating the 1.90 1.90 0.91 0.91 0.99 Economics of Cottage and Small Scale Industries

8. Scheme for in-service train- 0.23 0.28 0.23 t ing.

9. Scheme for reducing the work 1.90 1.90 0.95 0.95 0.95 load of primary reporting agencies.

Total 24.70 24.70 14.05 14.05 10.65

CO