JASF Journal of Accounting and Strategic Finance
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Journal of Accounting and Strategic Finance ISSN 2614-6649 (online) JASF Vol.1 No.01 June 2018, pp. 57-68 http://jasf.upnjatim.ac.id FACTORS INFLUENCING THE STOCK PRICE OF BANKING COMPANIES IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE Muria Kartika Perdana, Constance Henryette Adriana1 1Accounting Department, PT PT. Prambanan Dwipaka, Jalan Ngagel Jaya Tengah, Surabaya, East Java , Indonesia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33005/jasf.v1i01.26 Received: September 12, 2018. Revised: October 10, 2018. Accepted: October 24, 2018 Abstract The banking sector is the industry most regulated by the government given the importance of this sector in the country's economy as a bridge for financing the real sector. Stocks in the banking industry are one of the stocks that are highly sought after by investors. Banks that have good health will attract many investors. The purpose of this study is to prove the influence of the bank's health level – risk profile and good corporate governance – on stock price in the banking sector companies on the IDX. The data used in this study are second- ary data in the form of financial statements of banking companies. The independent varia- bles in this study are risk profile and GCG, which consist of Non Performing Loans (NPL), Interest Rate Risk (IRR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Managerial Ownership, Institution- al Ownership, Independent Commissioner, Size of Board of Directors, Committee Audit and dependent variable Share Price. The sampling method in this study was purposive sampling with a sample of 7 banking companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Stock price are the closing price on Yahoo Finance. The data analysis technique used is paramet- ric statistical test – multiple linear regression analysis and classical assumption test, in- cluding normality test, autocorrelation test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. Test of hypothesis used the R Square test, partial t test, and F test. The results of the study prove that the Non Performing Loan (NPL), Independent Commissioner, and Audit Committee variables have no influence on the Stock Price. However, the Interest Rate Risk (IRR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, and the Size of the Board of Directors have effect on Stock price. Keywords: Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Interest Rate Risk (IRR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Independent Commissioner, The size of the Board of Directors, the Audit Committee, and stock price How to cite (APA 6th style) Perdana, M.K. & Adriana, C.H. (2018). Factors Influencing the Stock Price of Banking Companies in the In- donesia Stock Exchange . Journal of Accounting and Strategic Finance, 1 (01), 57-68 INTRODUCTION The capital market is a meeting between parties who have excess funds with those who need funds by trading securities. In this case the capital market has an economic function which is to provide facilities or a place to bring together two parties who need funds and those who are excess funds (investors). Trade between the shortcomings (bidders) and excess funds (buyers) is traded in a supporting institution, namely the Indonesia Stock Exchange (Tandelilin, 2010: 28). Stock price can provide clues to the conditions of capital market activities and investors in conducting share trading. Investors must be able to analyze a stock to be able to make the right decision in order to get dividends or capital gains (Tandelilin, 2010: 28). 1Constance Henryette Andriana Email: [email protected] The banking industry is one industry that participates in the capital market, in addition to other industries, such as manufacturing, agriculture, mining, property and others. The bank is one of the institutions that acts as a financial intermediary between parties who have funds and those who need funds, as well as institutions that function as a bridge for financing the real sector. One of the factors that investors consider in choosing a company to invest in is the perfor- mance or health of a company itself. The better the performance of a company, the higher the profitability of the business and the more profit that can be obtained by shareholders. Thus, that the company will be trusted by the community because it has a good reputation and ultimately can increase stock price. With a high business value, investors will look at the company to invest, so there will be an increase in shares. Even so, sometimes the company's shares that have good per- formance, the stock price may decline. Bank performance assessments are carried out every year to determine whether there is an increase or decrease in performance. For banks whose health is increasing, this is not a problem, because that is what the bank expects to be able to maintain its health. However, for banks that continue to be unhealthy, may encounter a problem. They may have to receive direction or sanc- tions from Bank Indonesia to suggest management, merger, consolidation, acquisition, or even liquidation of their existence if indeed the condition of the bank is severe. This is done to protect and create a sense of security for the community, especially Indonesian capital market investors. The use of company information by investors and prospective investors will influence their deci- sion in choosing the shares to buy. This was proven by Yahoo Finance (2016), which showed that the banking industry in the past four years was fluctuating. The following is a list of developments in stock price based on the closing price in several banking companies that have been consistently registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the past four years. During 2010-2014, the company's shares showed good development, this can be observed in almost all companies that experienced an increase, for exam- ple Bank Central Asia Tbk. (BBCA.JK) experienced an increase in stock price continuously from 2010-2014 which was quite high. At the company PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk. (BDMN.JK) in 2010-2012 experienced a decline only in 2011, while in 2012-2014 experienced a decline only in 2013. At the company Bank Woori Saudara Indonesia (SDRA.JK) in 2010-2014 experienced increase in stock price in 2011, while in the following year has decreased. The Bank Victoria International Tbk (BVIC.JK) company in 2010-2012 experienced a decline only in 2011, while in 2012-2014 subsequently declined. The Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) (BBRI.JK) com- pany in 2011 experienced a decline, while the following year experienced a gradual increase in stock price. At the Bank OCBC NISP Tbk company. (NISP.JK) in 2010-2012 which experienced a decline only in 2011, while in 2012-2014 it decreased only in 2013. Whereas in the company Bank Maybank Indonesia Tbk. (BNII.JK) only experienced an increase in 2010, the following year experienced a very drastic decline. The factors affecting stock price of companies listed in stock exchange market have been studied by many researches. Some researches have identified the factors such as fundamental fac- tors, external factors, and recently the bank’s health factors (Al-Qaisi, Tahtamouni, and Al-Qudah, 2016; Leonardo and Budiana, 2015; Setiawan, 2011). Based on the problem and previous re- search , the purpose of the study is to prove the influence of the bank's health level as measured by the risk profile and Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on the stock price of a banking companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is different from previous research, be- cause this research only focuses on Risk Profile and Good Corporate Governance. In this research, Risk Profile assesses inherent risk, namely credit risk using the NPL ratio, market risk using the IRR ratio, and liquidity risk using the LDR ratio. Whereas in Good Corporate Governance it is only done on an internal mechanism, that is carried out by the board of directors, board of com- missioners, audit committee and ownership structure (managerial ownership and institutional ownership). According to Fahmi (2014: 270), shares are 1) Proof of ownership of capital or fund own- ership in a company, 2) A Paper that clearly record nominal value, company name and followed by rights and obligations explained to each holder, 3) Inventory that is ready for sale. Fahmi (2014: 234), discussed that in the capital market there are two types of shares that are most com- 58 Journal of Accounting and Strategic Finance Vol.1 No.01 June 2018, pp. 57-68 monly known by the public, namely common stock and preference stock. According to Hartono (2010: 8), stock price that occur on the stock market at a given time are determined by market par- ticipants and by the demand and supply of the shares concerned in the capital market. In addition, Fahmi (2012. 87) also revealed that the stock price of a company is determined by several factors, namely the condition of Micro and Macroeconomics, company policy in deciding to expand (business expansion) such as opening a branch office, Sub-Branch whether opened domestically or abroad, sudden change of directors, company directors or commissioners involved in criminal acts and cases that have entered the court, the company's performance that continues to decline, systematic risk a form of total risk that occurs and has causes the company to be involved, and the effects of market psychology that have been able to suppress the technical conditions of buying and selling shares. According to Widoatmodjo (2012: 46), stock price can be divided into three, namely first, the nominal price, is the price stated in the stock certificate set by the issuer to assess each share issued. Second, the initial price is the price recognized when the share price is listed on the stock exchange. Third, market prices are selling prices from one investor to another.