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A Central Nova Scotian County and Thr Landward Mill

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A Central Nova Scotian County and Thr Landward Mill ' 4 A CENTRAL NOVA SCOTIAN COUNTY AND THR LANDWARD MILL: TFfK CASK OF COLCMKSTRR, 1867-.1.925 ■ . A thesifl submitted by Terrence White in partial ful­ fillment o f the Requirements for the Masters of Arts Degree in Atlantic Canada Studies at St. Mary's University. ' (c) lerre.ii(:e VVliil,e , 19 80 .. Approved by Chairman: St. Mary’s University April, 1986 Permission has been granted L|autorisation a 5tt accprdSe •to the National Library of a la BibliothSquc nationale Canada • tp microfilm" this du Canada de microfilmer thesis and to lend or sell cette tl’iSse et de prêter ou copies of the film. de vendre 6ep" exemplaires du film. •The author ( copyri_ghl owner) L'auteur (titulaire du droit h a s r e’ s q r V e d o t h e r d'auteur) se réserve - les publication rights, a n d autres droits c^e publication; neither the thesis nor ni .la • thbse ■ ni -de longs extensive extracts from -it extraits de celle-ci ne may be printed 'or olil-ierwisc doivent _ être imprimés ou reproduced without- h is/her autrement reproduits sans son' w I' i t t e n p e rniiss ion . autorisation écrite. ISBN 0-315-310.56-1 A CENTRAL NOVA SCOTT AN COUNTY AND TDK LANDWARD PULI, TDK CASE OF COT.CHRSTER. 1867-1925 - \ ' . ' AnSTBACT * ■ _ . This paper examinea the f t rat sixty yeara of Co]cheat or County's experience within thç Conndian Confédération., Ttio middle years of the nineteenth century were critical ones for the people of the county as the .economic conditions which had fostered growth and development to that' point were about: to .change direct io.n. A choice had .to be made in t he 1 BCD ’ 3 to continue t h le t. r a d i t i o n a 1 economic development of a seaward looking economy or to oh on se . the newly decy,el oping economy of a "modern"’ technology based on manufacturing, thus turning away from the i n t e rn n t i on a 1 , overseas market, ■ Th-é new landward opportunities did not appeal to apmc Nova Scotia counties but to many Coleh'estor ■ pco p ,1 e t hr ho pi zon was unlimited . and clear. Colchester wa.s well situated to benefit from a realignment of commerce on a continental oriented basis. Proposed rai.l connections from the upper provinces ‘to Halifax must traverse the corrnt y and Colchester entrepreneurs were ’determined to s e i % e every advantage. - This paper is organized into five separate sections which .examine the economic, political and aocial responses of the county within the framework of the Canadian . ■ Confederation. ..Chapter one is a general summary of County population during the years' under study. Basically this section will show' the peak years for population of the county and the Town of ' Truro. The dominant characteristic .won t'hnl of a popul.oLfon d'ra.in from the co.umty. Oil t :m I gr o I i oh to other provinces and conn fr lea ia illustrated by exnmpleo token from rounty newap'apera of the time. Chapter two and Chapter three deal with county poli- . ■ V t i ca. They examine the clwicea mode by county electors on tlie federal and provincial - levels.' Federally,- it- is possible to show a ru ra 1/urban split.which emerged over the tjuestibn of Confederation and protective tariffs. Basically, the town voters tended to v.o t e Conservative and the county Liberal. • ' On the provincial level it can be shown that the rural/ urban spin I persisted . al thoiigh the pattern is not as clearly seen federally and there are more exceptions to the rule. Ttie Town of Truro tended to be decidedly Conservative. • ■ Chapter,four deals, with the shipbuilding, industry of the:.count y in general terms to show the ' decline of the industry, during .the last half of the nineteenth" century. Chapter, five examines the Town of Trrtro and its meta.- morphosifl from a rural market town at mid-pineteénth century to an aggressive manufacturing town, with national ambitions, in the short space of about thirty years. By d925, when other Maritime.towns were devastated by the centralization of economic and- political power., Truro maintained a level of what may be termed modest, prosperity b y compnr i s on. Overall, the Town of Truro may be said to have desired, cherished and benefited by the landward attractions of V c on fio der a t i on . The Go.lcheater people ontslde 'the town,' / however, did not .share this h r i gh t vision, They .rejected fairly consistently any proposed benefits of Confederation.., Rural industries declined, farms were abandoned and the on 1 y. benefit of the railway Was for passage away from their Colchéater homes.. ■/? ■ t ■ ■ I / A 00 /V 1 t TABÎ.E OF CONTENTS V. î' a E (' I n l r' o tl u <■ M o n . , ................................................................................................................! C h 11 p I. c >' ' ï Pas I u r es Green , AFnr": Colchester Popu lot ion 1 8 G 7 - .1 9 2 5 1 1 Chn.pl er T1 Th c ' Na I i o n a 1 Question, The Na t. ion al PoTioy,- and Maritime Ri'ghts: Federal Politics and Politicians T n Col ché s te r , : . 1867-.192C .............................................................................. 36 Clmptiir t t t "Not Worse Off Than Other People": . Pro-, viricinl Pol ici tes and Poll t c.i aiis - in . Colchcsler, ' 1867-1925. ..... 78 , 'V\ : ■ - C h a p te 1 V - "As. Dead as .Ctielsea": The Fate of Colchester Shipbuilding. Centers.- . 105 C Imp ter V Hustling Flub: Truro and Truro F n d u s t r' y , 1867 -1 925 ............................................. 1 1,7 C 0 n c 1 u ,3 i o n ..............................'..................................................................-. 1 4 6 . A p p an d i X - 'M i s c 0 1 1 a n p 0 u s S tatistics tab 1 e.s'. MR B i I) 1 log raphy • ' 1 Xntrodvict ion A Central Novo Scotian County ond the Landward Fu IJ The Case of Colchester. 1867 .1926 ' ■ De it resolved that the citizens of Truro he requested to close their places of business on the afternoon of the 16th instant when the funeral obsequies are' to be performed and that t h os e who have flags be requested to have them placed at half-mast and that the citizens generally are requested to observe and give expression to ony marks of respect, they mny deem suitable; that this council attend thc^ funeral in a body; that this resolution be declared b y pub1i s h i n g in the Dnily News of this evening and that a copy of this . resolution, duly embossed and certified by the • Town Clerk, be immediately forwarded ' to l.ady . Archibald with whom this council express their profound and sincere sympathy.' ' The citizens of Truro prepared to honour an illualrious native" son. Sir Adams George Archibald had died, on December dd, 1892. ■ ' ' On Friday, the 16th, the day of the funeral, the town schools were closed for the afternoon. The chiJdr'en' who lined the streets hhat day- to observe the funer'ul -proceaaion would witness a dqsplay.of respect and admiration and of genuine public grief as wo.uld - be accorded -few from the town or county. As the cortege -made its' way from the Archibald ' residence, on the hill above R r u n s w i c k Street, to F i r .s t Presbyterian, Church, blinds were*drawn, -flags were lowered and the five thousand citizens of the. town . turned ^Truro Daily News. 15 Dec , 1892. , \ ' 2 . : ■ ■' / ' ^ ■■■■;■ out to honour one of their otyn who had risen to national prominence and whose public life had been so exemplary. Premier Fielding waa unable to attend the funeral, he being absent in Boston, b u t_ His Honour I. i eu t en an t Go v e rn o r Daly was in town for the occasion. Other mourners included Attorney General J. W. Langley; M. J. Power of Halifax, Speaker of the Provincial Legislature; Honourable W. A.. * * ^ Patterson, .M. P. for Colchester; Honourable C. E. Church., M.P. for Shelburne; Co Ichçster Sen ator Honourable Thomas McKay; and. Honourable D. Weldon, M.P. for Albert, New Brunswick. Professor Lawson and Dr. ' Forrest, we.pe present representing Dnlhousie . University of which Adams G. Archibald was late Chairman of the Board of Governors. Mr. D. Pottinger, General Manger of the Government Railway and Mr. P. S. Archibald, Chief Engineer, arrived from Moncton. Mayor D. J. Thomas of Truro and the Truro Town Council were there and Warden James Graham with representatives of the Colchester County Council., All the locals clergy, the law fraternity and the leading, citizens of -.'Truro solemnly' ass embled. Lt was a "largely attended’" funeral at . First V * Presbyterian, its Minister Reverend John Robbins conducting the .ceremony at the church. Tributes for the deceased were many, "His life", Revel-end Robbins said, "was, a lesson to the young of today, especially those who had a disposition / ' lo leave.their native country. Here was a man.who hnH' stood by his native country,.laboured for its best welfare nnd had become eminent and beloved in doing so."^ These Words may Imve lingered us the crowd stood by.' the grave site in the Robie' Street; CeTiletery- Looking out from' the spot, across' the brown marsh stubble On a b1 çak December day it would be possible to see the rising bank of the Salmon River where' Adams G.
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