US006173311B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 6,173,311 B1 Hassett et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Jan. 9, 2001
(54) APPARATUS, METHOD AND ARTICLE OF FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS MANUFACTURE FOR SERVICING CLIENT 0113022 11/1984 (EP) REQUESTS ON A NETWORK 0206565 12/1986 (EP) 2034995 6/1980 (GB) (75) Inventors: Gregory P. Hassett, Cupertino, CA 2141907 1/1985 (GB) (US); Harry Collins, South Orange, NJ 2185670 7/1987 (GB) (US); Vibha Dayal, Saratoga, CA (US) 2207314 1/1989 (GB) 2256549 12/1992 (GB) (73) Assignee: PointCast, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA (US) 2281434 3/1995 (GB) 88/04507 6/1988 (WO) ( * ) Notice: This patent issued on a continued pros 90/07844 7/1990 (WO) ecution application ?led under 37 CFR 92/12488 7/1992 (WO) 93/09631 5/1993 (WO) 1.53(d), and is subject to the tWenty year 93/19427 9/1993 (WO) patent term provisions of 35 U.S.C. 95/31069 11/1995 (WO) 154(a)(2). 96/30864 10/1996 (WO) 96/34466 10/1996 (WO) Under 35 U.S.C. 154(b), the term of this patent shall be extended for 0 days. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Appl. No.: 08/800,153 Article, “There’s more to one—Way addressability than meets (21) the eye”. (22) Filed: Feb. 13, 1997 Article, “VCR Technology”, No. 4 in a series of reports from Mitsubishi R&D, Video RevieW, Jan. 1989. (51) Int. Cl.7 ...... G06F 15/16 Article, “DIP II”, The Ultimate Program Guide Unit from the ultimate listings company. (52) US. Cl...... 709/202; 709/217; 709/105 K. Birman, et al., “The ISIS System Manual”, By the ISIS Project, Mar. 15, 1988, pp 1—15. (58) Field of Search ...... 395/200.47, 200.48, K. Birman, et al., Programming Your Way Out Of The Past 395/200.49; 707/201, 202, 203; 709/217, ISIS and The Meta Project, Sun Technology, Summer 1989, 218, 219, 202, 105 pp 90—104. (56) References Cited (List continued on neXt page.) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Primary Examiner—Dung C. Dinh 3,848,193 11/1974 Martin et al...... 325/53 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Blakely, Sokoloff, Taylor & 3,987,398 10/1976 Fung ...... 325/309 Zafman
4,170,782 10/1979 Miller ...... 358/84 4,186,413 1/1980 Mortimer ...... 358/146 (57) ABSTRACT 4,224,644 9/1980 Lewis et al...... 360/722 4,287,592 9/1981 Paulish et al. . 370/88 A server services client requests in an improved manner by a utilizing a combination of sending an id of the last article 4,288,809 9/1981 Yabe ...... 358/12 4,305,101 12/1981 Yarbrough et al. 360/69 that has been previously sent to the client, load balancing 4,307,446 12/1981 Barton et al...... 364/200 servers to provide ef?cient servicing of clients and providing 4,338,644 7/1982 Staar ...... 360/132 redundant servers so that a failure of any one server does not result in the termination of server services to clients. 4,347,4984,381,522 8/19824/1983 LeeLambert et al...... 358/86 (List continued on neXt page.) 21 Claims, 26 Drawing Sheets
Passthrough agent the IP addressh this N04.? tmnsmils rcquest to machine? llcalln?ll?n computer.
Yes
Retrieve data Yes-—> from wish; and transmit data to client.
Does Mall’ fCqUCSlUI the Category acc ancewith ID of the request indicate HOW-0116011110] iii AdS Flgul'cll Age .
Does the Categor Manage request in [D ofthc request indicate "OTLlBHLIC Wlill wrofrmntml m Figure 10v
No US 6,173,311 B1 Page 2
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,283,731 2/1994 Lalonde et al...... 364/401 4 405 946 9/1983 Kn_ ht 358/192 1 5,285,272 2/1994 Bradley et al. . 348/6 , , 1g ...... 474297385 14984 Cichelli 9 a1~ 37992 2138225? 111332‘ lBfunl-iiryeiilj ...... ZZZ/ZS? 27233222 18%;: Elect?“ """ " 3g??? 5,319,455 6/1994 Hoarty et al...... 348/7 4:488:179 12/1984 ' 558/181 5,319,707 6/1994 Wasrlewski et al. 380/14 475197029 5/1985 Thompson 364/200 5,321,750 6/1994 Nadan~ ...... 380/20 475367791 8/1985 Campbell et al' 358/122 5,327,554 7/1994 PalaZZr, III et al. . 395/600 475757579 3/1986 Simon et a1~ " ~~~~ " 178/4 5,337,155 8/1994 COIIlellS ...... 348/473 475877514 5/1986 Schas et al' 340647 5,339,239 8/1994 Manabe et al...... 364/401 476027279 7/1986 Freeman 358/86 5,341,477 * 8/1994 Pitkin et al...... 395/200.56 4,641,205 2/1987 BeyerS’ 1L _ 360/331 5,343,300 8/1994 Hennig ...... 348/478 4,645,873 2/1987 Chomet 379/93 5,345,594 9/1994 Tsuda ...... 455/18 4,677,434 6/1987 Fascenda . 380/23 5,347,632 9/1994 Filepp et al...... 395/200 4,677,466 6/1987 Lert, Jr. et al. . 358/84 5,353,218 10/1994 De Lapa et al...... 364/401 4,691,351 9/1987 Hayashi et al. 380/10 5,355,490 10/1994 Kou ...... 395/700 4,691,354 9/1987 Palminteri 380/15 5,357,276 10/1994 Banker et al. 348/7 4,701,794 10/1987 Froling et al. . . 358/147 5,361,393 11/1994 Rossillo . 395/650 4,703,423 10/1987 Bado et al. . 364/400 5,379,383 1/1995 Yunoki ...... 395/325 4,706,121 11/1987 Young 358/142 5,379,421 1/1995 PalaZZi, III et al. . 395/600 4,722,005 1/1988 Ledenbach .. 358/168 5,404,505 4/1995 LeVinson ...... 395/600 4,745,559 5/1988 Willis et al. 364/514 5,414,773 5/1995 Handelman . 380/49 4,751,578 6/1988 Reiter et al. 358/183 5,426,427 6/1995 Chinnock et al. . 340/827 4,751,669 6/1988 Sturgis et al. . 364/900 5,426,594 6/1995 Wright et al. . 364/514 4,768,110 8/1988 Dunlap et al. . 360/33.1 5,428,606 6/1995 MoskoWitZ .. 370/60 4,775,935 10/1988 Yourick .. 364/401 5,434,978 7/1995 Dockter et al. . 395/200
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.wEH
in ma /m: m: a\ mmE Intranet m / >5 IE]I! ServerProxy U 210 a % Firewall and/ or proxy server / 230 Internet I Destination Computer @ Fig. 2 U.S. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 3 of 26 US 6,173,311 B1 300 N Private Corporate Agent: Category ID Category Description 66816 Corporate Data Channel 67072 Corporate Data Channel News Flash 31? AdStats Agent: Category ID Category Description 66080 Upload/ Stats 66081 Upload/ Stats: Encoded 66082 Upload/Stats: Encoded and Compressed 66083 Upload/ Stats: Incremental 66084 Upload/ Stats Truncated 32’0\—/ Pass Through Agent: Category ID Category Description 65792 PCN Registration 66048 Upload/unknown 66064 Upload/Registration 66096 Upload/Pro?le 661 12 Upload: Miscellaneous 66304 Authentication 66320 Authentication: For V1.1 66336 Authentication: Full Implementation 66560 Proxy Server 3277056 Hot Sites: Con?guration 4587776 Web: Con?guration 33’0\/ Redirection Agent: 66560 Proxy Server 34/0\, Administration Agent: 64904 Empty Cache Fig. 3A U.S. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 7 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 1) /FIDO-1/ Isl _ ? Passthrough agent the IP address thlS No-———> transmits request to A machlne? destination computer. Yes Does the Category Retrieve data ID of the request indicate Yes_, from cache ProxyCache and transmit M Agent? data to client. No Does Manage request in the Category accordance with ID of the request indicate Yes-—> ?oW-of-control in —“ AdStats Figure 11. Agent? Does the Category _ Manage request in ID of the request lndlcate Yes—~> accordance with __ Corporate ?ow-of-control in Agent? Figure 10. @ Fig. 5B U.S. Patent Jan. 9,2001 Sheet 8 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 Proxycache agent 600 1s lnvoked and passed a URI. J, Parse the URI throu h use of a PCNHTT class object. 610 Is “Cache Folder” in Instantiate cache and 615 625 Is NEXT UPDATE> Exit with”successful” elapsed time? status. Yes l Block ‘reads 630 and wrltes to cache. Look u the 63 5 largest ast 1d N (the latest ?le) 1n the cache. 7 Transmit GET request to destination server, ' 640 /FIDO- l/Num1tm 645 Receive response from destination computer. 660 Receives ?les from destination 1 ,\ computer and 655 Set store in NEXT_UPDATE memory in IS rem?“ cod? Yes — to the ?rst the current numeric 200? header value. Cache directory- with a name. No V 665 Set Is return code Y NEXT UPDATE numeric 204? es _— to t_he ?rst header value. 670 No v Set error ?ag £75 14 \ Unblock reads and writes to 680 cache. Send back the last “Numitms” ?les in the V Exit with”successful” 690 - status. Flg . U.S. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 10 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 FORMAT OF O.DC FILE 7()() N [name of destination computer] 720 N EnableCorpChannel= X] 720 N Name: X2 730 »\ UsageModel; X3 , Addressl=)5( Namel= X 740 N AdressX: Pg‘ NameX= X V lX=1 for yes, 0 for no. 2X=narne of originator of this ?le. 3X=l to indicate to the client to randomly select from the following list of address, below. 2 to indicate selection from the following list sequential order. $X=lP address of caching-proxy-server-Lportl ....portN. ‘XIname of caching-proxy-server. Fig. 7 US. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 11 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 900 NAME:channel_name 910 SS_LOGO=10g0 for SmartScreen 920 AD_LOGO=l0g0 for advertisement 930 SS_FILE=ch0sen SmartScreen for this channel 940 FLASH_FILE=?1e that contains the messages that scrool across the ticker tape ;Group #1 950 GROUP=gr0up_nan1e1 960 DOC_SUBJECT=subject1_1 DOC_ID=d0cID1_1 970 DOC_SUMMARY=htm1 d0curnent1_1 980 DOC_SUMMARY_END 990 DOC_SUBJECT=subject1_2 DOC_SUMMARYzhtml documentl_2 DOC_SUMMARY_END GROUP=gr0up_narneN DOC_SUBJECT=subjectN_1 DOC_ID=d0c1DN_1 DOC_SUMMARY=html d0curnentN_1 DOC_SUMMARY_END DOC_SUBJECT=subjectN_M DOC_ID=doc1DN_M DOC_SUMMARY=ht1n1 d0cu1nentN_M DOC_SUMMARY_END Fig. 8 U.S. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 12 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 ; ‘191x00 Client compresses and % gansmtllts AdStat data Client divides AdStat mm) to t e cac 1ng proxy server. data into segmants half w the size of the last iv /10A10 attempted transmission, Caching proxy server but not less than 140 bytes. receives AdStat data and AdStat agent stores the data. 10A20 Caching proxy server No ——> transmits unsuccessful ‘1,0 A60 status to client. 55 10A50 Caching proxy server Client receives N transmits successful > successful status 10A3O status client. and erases AdStat data. 10A)4O Fig- 9A / Caching proxy server compresses and transmits AdStat data to the '—| destination computer. Caching proxy server 10810 divides AdStat data into segments half the 101370 ‘ / size of the last attempted ‘\J Destination computer receives ti2§§$§§€26€§£3 AdStat data and AdStat ' agent stores the data. T Destination computer transmits unsuccessful $9860 No ' status to caching proxy f8 10B20 server. Destination. . computer B1330 Caching proxy Server 1OB40 l0B5 0 transmits SuCCeSS?ll receives successful ~ status to Caching > status and erases —' proxy server. AdStat data. Fig. 9B U.S. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 13 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 Does ?le O.dc exist? is Retrieve channel ID of the private channel and 1120 append to the list 0 mandatory w channels in the initialization ?le. l Instantiate the private 1130 channel process. w Does 1140 1150 ?le c0 .dat exist and ile 0.dc indicate private NO——> channel should be enabled? f8 Activate the private A160 channel. Display private 1 170 channel in the Channel Viewer. ( EL“ )~“80 Fig. 10 U.S. Patent Jan. 9, 2001 Sheet 14 0f 26 US 6,173,311 B1 NEXT_UPDATE> m elapsed time‘? Client transmit request to the content server to transmit the c0rp.dat and ?ashdat ?les to the client. C3I et 310.106 mnege_C 1.1 6%..w_ _ef...r Ldu00Whp OmerG_le pe.lrtnV_.1 Man“?6bq_ R_ .ICWOf_d wnmg c WW,_ 0 OemnPv weihmm"dhn mr._nl 0wB.“Yhlhc.t_ _|vm€ft1/"2/m1enr.i d01d“.H%g_0A wmw/_ atBum_C emlnf€C nnR mewmmwiv.mk“w newcmmHA 1080Wefeet_2 mama"may _0ht1tF1 w?nwevtf?+tCm“a €6Ormmr..fh?n“72 l 4.EV.CCCeWWVJO_0+O-.h k_ tmSA_ aaene.1 _S minmlr..FCWO66M“% ?mmm.mmmmA_ db.m"et “fuc n0at2 0.1_ mom,dwmmwmm_ 1 e. t_ . _ _ n _ - _ ‘V Transmit the corp.dat \ ?le t0 the client 9Flg. 11A