Twenty-Four Conservative-Liberal Thinkers Part II Hannes H
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From a Safe Distance – Swedish Portrayal of World War II. Astrid Lindgren: Krigsdagböcker 1939–1945
ZESZYTY NAUKOWE TOWARZYSTWA DOKTORANTÓW UJ NAUKI HUMANISTYCZNE, NR 23 (4/2018), S. 109–119 E-ISSN 2082-9469 | P-ISSN 2299-1638 WWW.DOKTORANCI.UJ.EDU.PL/ZESZYTY/NAUKI-HUMANISTYCZNE DOI: 10.26361/ZNTDH.09.2018.23.07 SONIA ŁAWNICZAK ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ FACULTY OF MODERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES DEPARTMENT OF SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES E-MAIL: [email protected] ______________________________________________________________________________________ From a Safe Distance – Swedish Portrayal of World War II. Astrid Lindgren: Krigsdagböcker 1939–1945 ABSTRACT The article refers to the latest methodological reflections on the remembrance culture and presents one of the forms of Swedish collective memory thematization. The 1990s brought an increased interest of the Swedish people in the history of their own country and debates on the stance taken by Sweden during World War II. Diaries, memoires, autobiographic and documentary novels about World War II and the Holocaust gained recognition among Swedish researchers and readers. Among the latest prose works, coming under this thematic heading, Krigsdagböcker 1939–1945 (War Diaries 1939– 1945) by Astrid Lindgren, published posthumously in 2015, merit attention. When analyzing the image of World War II presented in the diaries, the following issues were taken into account: the image of everyday life of the Swedes during World War II, the state of knowledge of the situation in Europe and the attitude towards the Swedish neutrality. KEYWORDS Astrid Lindgren, Swedish literature, World War II, Holocaust, collective memory, re- membrance Introduction The 20th century was one of the most tragic periods in the history of man- kind; it witnessed two world wars, attempts to implement the criminal ide- ologies of Nazism and communism and mass murders. -
Marginal Revolution
MARGINAL REVOLUTION It took place in the later half of the 19th century Stanley Jevons in England, Carl Menger in Austria and Leon walras at Lausanne, are generally regarded as the founders of marginalist school Hermann Heinrich Gossen of Germany is considered to be the anticipator of the marginalist school The term ‘Marginal Revolution’ is applied to the writings of the above economists because they made fundamental changes in the apparatus of economic analysis They started looking at some of the important economic problems from an altogether new angle different from that of classical economists Marginal economists has been used to analyse the single firm and its behavior, the market for a single product and the formation of individual prices Marginalism dominated Western economic thought for nearly a century until it was challenged by Keynesian attack in 1936 (keynesian economics shifted the sphere of enquiry from micro economics to macro economics where the problems of the economy as a whole are analysed) The provocation for the emergence of marginalist school was provided by the interpretation of classical doctrines especially the labour theory of value and ricardian theory of rent by the socialists Socialists made use of classical theories to say things which were not the intention of the creators of those theories So the leading early marginalists felt the need for thoroughly revising the classical doctrines especially the theory of value They thought by rejecting the labour theory of value and by advocating the marginal utility theory of value, they could strike at the theoretical basis of socialism Economic Ideas of Marginalist School This school concentrated on the ‘margin’ to explain economic phenomena. -
Imputation and Value in the Works of Menger, Böhm-Bawerk and Wieser
E-LOGOS/2005 ISSN 1121-0442 _____________________________________________ Imputation and Value in the works of Menger, Böhm-Bawerk and Wieser Šimon Bi ľo University of Economics, Prague [email protected] Alford Fellow, The Ludwig von Mises Institute, July 21, 2004 Version January 10, 2005 1 Abstract: Analysis of the discussions within the first two generations of the Austrian school of economics constitutes an inevitable cornerstone of every further inquiry on the fields of the theory of value and imputation theory. Only with knowledge of Menger’s, Wieser’s and Böhm-Bawerk’s understanding of cardinalism and problems related with utility, value and their interdependence, we are apt to understand correctness or incorrectness of their positions and also positions of their followers. Thus, we could trace back cardinalist notions of utility seeded by Menger and understand later Mises’- Čuhel reformulation of the whole value theory into an ordinalistic one. Mises fully escaped the Mengerian tradition in this point and also transformed the whole theory of imputation into the theory of pricing of the factors of production. The only exception, from the point of view of imputation theory of highest importance, is his insistence on the value equation of means and ends that confused his successors and was investigated only recently. Within the context of present state of value and imputation theories, two related problems arise: “What constitutes theory of imputation, theory of value and valuation of the factors of production, today?” and “Is Menger-Böhm-Bawerkian solution of imputation theory really suitable for the explanation of the pricing process and isn’t Wieser’s objection of circularity of the imputation theory applied in price-creation justified?” These are the questions that are badly needed to be answered in order to clarify the theory in the field. -
1914-1918-Online : International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Sweden Qvarnström, Sofi Published in: 1914-1918-online : International Encyclopedia of the First World War DOI: 10.15463/ie1418.10150 2014 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Qvarnström, S. (2014). Sweden. In U. Daniel, P. Gatrell, O. Janz, H. Jones, J. Keene, A. Kramer, & B. Nasson (Eds.), 1914-1918-online : International Encyclopedia of the First World War Freie Universität Berlin. https://doi.org/10.15463/ie1418.10150 Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Sweden By Sofi Qvarnström For Sweden, the impact of the war was twofold. On the one hand, it was a test to the neutrality policy. -
Announcing the Winner of the 2010 Atlas Shrugged Essay Contest
Volume 17, Number 1, January 2011 Objectivist Summer New York Friends New Format for Conference 2011 of ARI Sponsors Forbes.com Column Objectivist he Objectivist Sum- ast September Impact announced that Forbes Summer Debate Series Conference 2011 Tmer Conference L .com had started featuring a biweekly 2011 is set to take place column by ARI’s Yaron Brook and Don Watkins. he New York July 2–8 at the Marriott We are pleased to announce that Forbes has Friends of Harbor Beach Resort and New York T made it easier for readers to follow Dr. Brook TM ARI, a charitable Objectivist Conferences Spa on the beach in Fort Friends of ArI ® and Mr. Watkins’s work; their columns will now organization dedi- July 2–8, 2011 Marriott Harbor Beach Resort Lauderdale, Florida. The be accessible at http://blogs.forbes.com/objectivist/ Fort Lauderdale, Florida General Session Lectures (see page 4) cated to spreading Events Barry Colvin, President under the title “The Objectivist.” The new page (see page 5) schedule is still in devel- Optional Courses (see pages 6–9) awareness of Ayn Rand in the New York area, is Conferences for the rational mindTM opment, but most coursesTel: 914-661-3600 • e-mail: [email protected] includes an RSS feed and other tools for tracking ® launching a debate series this February titled “First and special events have the column. Principles: The Moral Debates That Drive Today’s been set, and Impact is excited to share with you The first column in the new format Politics.”Ayn rand Partnering Institute (A rwithI) New York Friends of some highlights. -
The Socialist Soviet Republic of Scandinavia
Ajalooline Ajakiri, 2015, 3 (153), 287–326 The Socialist Soviet Republic of Scandinavia Ainur Elmgren ABSTRACT Nationalist and regionalist geopolitical concepts were appropriated in the ser- vice of Communist world revolution by Finnish activists in Sweden, Finland, and Soviet Karelia. The influence of Social Democratic statesman and scholar of geopolitics, Väinö Voionmaa, can be traced in the negotiations that led to the foundation of an autonomous Karelian Labour Commune in 1921. Exiled Finnish revolutionaries persuaded the Bolsheviks that Karelia could become a stepping-stone towards revolution in Finland and Scandinavia. A greater So- cialist Soviet Republic of Scandinavia, united by cultural, geographical and eco- nomical factors, would monopolize the timber market and exercise economic power over Western Europe. The idea of a Scandinavian revolution was aban- doned along with the idea of world revolution in the mid-1920s. The last men- tions of a Soviet Scandinavia can be found in anti-Soviet propaganda long after the demise of its promoters in the Great Terror. Keywords: geopolitics, revolution, regionalism, nationalism, Scandinavia, So- viet Union, Karelian Labour Commune The pursuit of a “Greater Finland” is a well-known chapter in the history of Finnish nationalism. The Greater Finland project uniting the “tribal brothers” of Finland and Karelia, sometimes also the national irredenta of the border regions in Northern Sweden and Norway, the Kola Penin- sula and the Finno-Ugric minorities of Russia, was practically monopo- lized by right-wing intellectual movements after Finland’s independence in 1917 and the subsequent civil war.1 However, it had inspired politicians and scholars identifying as Socialist before, and it would continue to do so. -
From Smith to Menger to Hayek Liberalism in the Spontaneous-Order Tradition
SUBSCRIBE NOW AND RECEIVE CRISIS AND LEVIATHAN* FREE! “The Independent Review does not accept “The Independent Review is pronouncements of government officials nor the excellent.” conventional wisdom at face value.” —GARY BECKER, Noble Laureate —JOHN R. MACARTHUR, Publisher, Harper’s in Economic Sciences Subscribe to The Independent Review and receive a free book of your choice* such as the 25th Anniversary Edition of Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government, by Founding Editor Robert Higgs. This quarterly journal, guided by co-editors Christopher J. Coyne, and Michael C. Munger, and Robert M. Whaples offers leading-edge insights on today’s most critical issues in economics, healthcare, education, law, history, political science, philosophy, and sociology. Thought-provoking and educational, The Independent Review is blazing the way toward informed debate! Student? Educator? Journalist? Business or civic leader? Engaged citizen? This journal is for YOU! *Order today for more FREE book options Perfect for students or anyone on the go! The Independent Review is available on mobile devices or tablets: iOS devices, Amazon Kindle Fire, or Android through Magzter. INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE, 100 SWAN WAY, OAKLAND, CA 94621 • 800-927-8733 • [email protected] PROMO CODE IRA1703 From Smith to Menger to Hayek Liberalism in the Spontaneous-Order Tradition —————— ✦ —————— STEVEN HORWITZ ately, thinkers from both the political left and the political right have increas- ingly been making critical comments about the Enlightenment and the politi- Lcal liberalism normally associated with it. Many of these criticisms center around the concern that the tradition of Enlightenment liberalism portrays human beings as hyperrational or extremely atomized. -
Paradoxes in Women's Conditions and Strategies in Swedish
Gothenburg University Publications Female Workers but not Women: Paradoxes in Women’s Conditions and Strategies in Swedish Trade Unions, 1900–1925 This is an author produced version of a paper published in: Moving the Social. Journal of social history and the history of social movements (ISSN: 2197-0386) Citation for the published paper: Uppenberg, C. (2012) "Female Workers but not Women: Paradoxes in Women’s Conditions and Strategies in Swedish Trade Unions, 1900–1925". Moving the Social. Journal of social history and the history of social movements, vol. 48 pp. 49-72. Downloaded from: http://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/221041 Notice: This paper has been peer reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof- corrections or pagination. When citing this work, please refer to the original publication. (article starts on next page) Social Movements in the Nordic Countries since 1900 49 Carolina Uppenberg links: Carolina Uppenberg rechts: Paradoxes in Women’s Conditions and Strate- Female Workers but not Women gies in Swedish Trade Unions Paradoxes in Women’s Conditions and Strategies in Swedish Trade Unions, 1900–1925 Abstract This article compares the opportunities that existed for trade union organisation by women and the scope for pursuing women’s issues in the Swedish Tailoring Workers’ Union (Skrädderiarbetareförbundet), the Swedish Textile Workers’ Union (Textilarbe- tareförbundet) and the Swedish Women’s Trade Union (Kvinnornas fackförbund). Trade union minutes are analysed using theories on women’s organisation, in which exposure of male standards in trade union organisation and the concept of women as powerless are central. The results reveal some differences in the opportunities for women to become members of the Tailoring Workers’ Union, which initially tried to exclude women, and the Textile Workers’ Union, which saw it as a priority to recruit more women. -
Renewed Perspectives in Business Cycle Theory: an Analysis of Three Heterodox Approaches
Bard College Bard Digital Commons Senior Projects Spring 2011 Bard Undergraduate Senior Projects Spring 2011 Renewed Perspectives in Business Cycle Theory: An Analysis of Three Heterodox Approaches Sophia Burress Bard College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/senproj_s2011 Part of the Economic Theory Commons Recommended Citation Burress, Sophia, "Renewed Perspectives in Business Cycle Theory: An Analysis of Three Heterodox Approaches" (2011). Senior Projects Spring 2011. 9. https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/senproj_s2011/9 This Open Access work is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been provided to you by Bard College's Stevenson Library with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this work in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights- holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Renewed Perspectives in Business Cycle Theory: An Analysis of Three Heterodox Approaches Senior Project submitted to Division of Social Studies of Bard College by Sophia Burress Annandale-on-Hudson, New York May 2011 ii Acknowledgements First, I have to thank my adviser, Kris Feder, for all the help she’s given me with this project and throughout my Bard career. I can’t imagine what my college education would have been like without her influence. Thanks to all my friends at Bard and beyond, but particularly to Rosalina, Ella, Heather and Dylan for their encouragement, support (and distractions) this year. -
Swedish Portrayal of World War II. Astrid Lindgren: Krigsdagböcker 1939–1945
ZESZYTY NAUKOWE TOWARZYSTWA DOKTORANTÓW UJ NAUKI HUMANISTYCZNE, NR 23 (4/2018), S. 109–119 E-ISSN 2082-9469 | P-ISSN 2299-1638 WWW.DOKTORANCI.UJ.EDU.PL/ZESZYTY/NAUKI-HUMANISTYCZNE DOI: 10.26361/ZNTDH.09.2018.23.07 SONIA ŁAWNICZAK ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ FACULTY OF MODERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES DEPARTMENT OF SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES E-MAIL: [email protected] ______________________________________________________________________________________ From a Safe Distance – Swedish Portrayal of World War II. Astrid Lindgren: Krigsdagböcker 1939–1945 ABSTRACT The article refers to the latest methodological reflections on the remembrance culture and presents one of the forms of Swedish collective memory thematization. The 1990s brought an increased interest of the Swedish people in the history of their own country and debates on the stance taken by Sweden during World War II. Diaries, memoires, autobiographic and documentary novels about World War II and the Holocaust gained recognition among Swedish researchers and readers. Among the latest prose works, coming under this thematic heading, Krigsdagböcker 1939–1945 (War Diaries 1939– 1945) by Astrid Lindgren, published posthumously in 2015, merit attention. When analyzing the image of World War II presented in the diaries, the following issues were taken into account: the image of everyday life of the Swedes during World War II, the state of knowledge of the situation in Europe and the attitude towards the Swedish neutrality. KEYWORDS Astrid Lindgren, Swedish literature, World War II, Holocaust, collective memory, re- membrance Introduction The 20th century was one of the most tragic periods in the history of man- kind; it witnessed two world wars, attempts to implement the criminal ide- ologies of Nazism and communism and mass murders. -
History of Economic Thought
History of economic thought The term economics was coined around 1870 and popularized by Alfred Marshall, as a substitute for the earlier term political economy which has been used through the 18-19th centuries, with Adam Smith, David Ricardo and Karl Marx as its main thinkers and which today is frequently referred to as the "classical" economic theory. Both economy and economics are derived from the Greek oikos- for "house" or "settlement", and nomos for "laws" or "norms". Economic thought may be roughly divided into three phases: Premodern (Greek, Roman, Arab), Early modern (mercantilist, physiocrats) and Modern (since Adam Smith in the late 18th century). Systematic economic theory has been developed mainly since the birth of the modern era. Premodern economic thought Several ancient philosophers made various economic observations. Among them Aristotle is probably the most important. Mediaeval Arabs also made contributions to the understanding of economics. In particular, Ibn Khaldun of Tunis (1332-1406) wrote on economic and political theory in his Prolegomena, showing for example, how population density is related to the division of labour which leads to economic growth and so in turn to greater population in a virtuous circle. Early Western precursors of economics engaged in the scholastics theological debates during the middle ages. An important topic of discussion was the determination of the just price of a good. In the religious wars following the Reformation in the 16th century, ideas about free trade appeared, later formulated in legal terms by Hugo de Groot or Grotius (Mare liberum). Economic policy in Europe during the late middle ages and early renaissance treated economic activity as a good which was to be taxed to raise revenues for the nobility and the church. -
Relation of Game Theory to Economic History and Marginalism
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Relation of Game Theory to Economic History and Marginalism Killion, M. Ulric Shanghai International Studies University 12 February 2009 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13436/ MPRA Paper No. 13436, posted 17 Feb 2009 08:00 UTC Relation of Game Theory to Economic History and Marginalism M. Ulric Killion1 Abstract The Article presents a brief survey of economic history, by emphasizing the earlier history of neo-classical economic theory and the economic theory of marginal utility. The Articles does so, by exploring the relation of game theory or the strategic game to developments in the field or science of economics, especially developments in economic thought occurring during the earlier marginal revolution or the economic history of marginalism. By doing so, the Article intends to show, though most attribute the new science of modern game theory to the field of mathematics, that the influence of corresponding or correlating developments in the field, science or discipline of economics was equally influential in the birth of game theory or the strategic game. 1. Introduction The roots or lying at the core of what now generally hails as the discipline or science of game theory or the strategic game, though some theorists, scholars, and practitioners might disagree when applying the tools of game theory to economic problems (Ghoniem and Reda, 2008), are earlier important developments in both classical economics and neo- classical economic theory. Notwithstanding a correlating history of mathematics, from the Egyptian or Babylonian mathematics (i.e., the Talmud results) (Aumann, 1985), to Greek or Hellenistic mathematics, and then to modern mathematics (Sir Heath, 1963), it is a history of economic theory that also associates or correlates with the economic history of marginalism or the economic theory of marginal utility.