EIA Chilling Facts

The supermarket refrigeration scandal continues Background

In January 2009 the Environmental viable replacement to ozone destroying Investigation Agency (EIA) launched CFCs in the 1990s. their Chilling Facts Campaign with It is technically feasible for the publication of their first survey on supermarkets and other commercial supermarket refrigeration, which was refrigeration users to switch away carried out in the summer of 2008. from using highly destructive HFCs This survey showed that UK to climate‑friendly alternatives such supermarkets were making a huge as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons or contribution to climate change through ammonia. (In terms of their global

the cooling gases used in their warming impacts, CO2 has a GWP of refrigeration systems. In fact as much as one, hydrocarbons are commonly about one third of the carbon footprint of most three and ammonia is zero.) But the first supermarkets comes from this source Chilling Facts survey showed that none – and the energy used for powering the of the supermarkets had more than four equipment is in addition to that. stores using HFC‑free alternatives. The offending gases used in commercial Our conclusion at the time was that refrigeration are hydrofluorocarbons, this was totally inadequate. But we HFCs for short. They are often several hoped that, by raising the profile of the

thousand times more powerful than CO2 issue and producing a league table on in terms of their global warming potential their performance, supermarkets would (GWP). Unfortunately this was not make climate‑friendly refrigeration a considered when they were accepted as a higher priority.

EIA is a small charity set up over About EIA 25 years ago to fight environmental crime. We have developed innovative and effective investigative methods for defending the environment and seeking lasting solutions. From stopping the live transport of wild birds and getting the elephant ivory trade ban in place in the late nineties, to shutting down one of the biggest illegal timber trade routes, EIA’s work has changed the face of the world for the better.

We play a unique and essential role in combating climate change. In addition to campaigning against the use of HFCs, our work on the ground to stop illegal logging and protect the habitats of endangered species helps prevent the deforestation that is fuelling climate change. © iStockphoto.com / RayCat

We are pleased to report that the second Other highlights from the survey include: The Chilling Facts team however were Chilling Facts survey has revealed disappointed in the high levels of HFC • Waitrose moved from bottom position some big improvements on last year. leakage from supermarket equipment. to top in our ranking of supermarkets, This year’s results show that there are Although efforts are being made to as they have implemented ambitious now a total of 46 stores across the UK reduce it, the reported emissions amount and innovative commitments towards using carbon dioxide-based technology, to the equivalent of 1.13 million tonnes HFC‑free refrigeration. up from just 14 stores last year. This of CO2. This roughly equates to over one is a great improvement showing that • Marks and Spencer and Morrisons billion car journeys to a supermarket, or HFC‑free refrigeration is not just have together managed to convert taking a return flight to Australia over technically viable but commercially too. 34 stores to carbon dioxide‑based 300,000 times1. Furthermore this figure However the overall percentage of stores technology in the past year. does not include leakage rates from using this technology is still less than 2 Aldi, Morrisons or Sainsbury’s, as they • Sainsbury’s is the biggest retailer per cent of all UK supermarkets, so the refused to share their data on this, so to commit to phasing out HFCs. supermarkets still have a way to go in the actual release of climate damaging proving their commitment to the climate. • Tesco has made some significant HFCs is significantly higher. pledges in reducing the climate Most significantly, nine retailers have change impact of their systems. announced measures to reduce their • Midlands Co‑operative has committed use of HFCs; Marks and Spencer, Tesco, to buying only HFC‑free refrigeration Morrisons, Lidl, Co‑operative Group, from 2010, proving smaller retailers Aldi, Midlands Co‑operative, Sainsbury’s can also phase out HFCs. and Waitrose; the latter three having 1. Assuming a distance of 6km and petrol consumption of 7.3 made commitments to stop using HFCs An in‑depth results table can be found at litres per 100km or 39 mpg. Flight information was taken from in any future projects. the back of this report in Appendix 2. http://wwwfoodcarbon.co.uk

Chilling Facts – A call for action

Scientific evidence shows that climate This would buy some much needed time 3. Phase out the use of HFCs in all change is accelerating and that we must for other greenhouse gas mitigation in‑store air conditioning systems do everything we can to avoid dangerous measures to take effect. Specifically, and refrigerated transport. ‘tipping points’, which will lead to we are calling for all supermarkets to: 4. Encourage government action irreversible impacts. 1. Make a commitment to have fully to phase out HFCs in the supermarket sector. Given that HFCs have a very significant phased out HFCs by 2015. global warming impact and a relatively 2. Immediately use HFC‑free 5. Lobby the refrigeration industry short atmospheric life they should be refrigeration in all new builds and to be more pro‑active on this phased out as a priority. major retrofits. issue. Chilling Facts – The results

Table 1: Chilling Facts survey – results at a glance © iStockphoto.com / lvdesign77 Points (Last Supermarkets Good areas Not so good... year’s score) 1 Waitrose 60/100 Commitment to roll out HFC‑free refrigeration in all No deadline for total HFC phase‑out; as yet only have (12/100) new stores and major refurbishments; Innovative three out of 197 stores fully running on HFC‑free leakage reduction measures; trialling HFC‑free options technology. for transport refrigeration. 2 Tesco 55/100 Ambitious near-term plans to reduce leakage and As the UK’s biggest food retailer they are also by far (32/100) introduce HFC‑free refrigeration in 150 stores by 2012; the biggest HFC emitter; commitment to HFC‑free pioneering use of HFC‑free systems in developing refrigeration roll out is dependent upon further trials; countries; good work raising awareness of the issue. no firm HFC phase‑out date set.

3 M&S 46/100 Have installed CO2 based systems in 13 stores; given Not enough being done on HFC‑free transport (42/100) a date by which final HFC phase out will be complete; refrigeration; Need to move away from reduced HFC to established a training school to tackle skills shortage. HFC‑free systems in‑store. 4 Sainsbury’s 38/100 Have committed to phase out HFCs by 2030; increased Don’t publish their refrigerant emissions data; still have (20/100) focus on training of engineers to meet this target; a quarter of stores running on ozone depleting HCFCs; planning seven HFC‑free stores in coming year and 135 don’t give information on leakage rates. by 2014. 5 Lidl 33/100 Impressive roll out of HFC‑free freezers, 1/3 now High use of HFCs in distribution centres; disappointing (0/100) HFC‑free; drop in direct emissions despite an increase reliance on HFC chillers, however they claim to in number of stores; innovative development of be considering HFC‑free alternatives; don’t send climate‑friendly frozen food transportation. contractors on training courses.

6 Morrisons 32/100 Have installed CO2 based systems in 21 stores; retailer Lack of transparency in data reporting; unwilling to (17/100) with most amount of stores converted to climate trial chiller doors; need to move away from reduced friendly alternatives so far; have designed a training HFC to HFC‑free systems. workshop. Asda 32/100 Good apparent in-store energy savings; consistent Reneging on previous commitments to phase out HFCs; (24/100) leakage reduction; improved training initiatives. as the UK’s second biggest retailer they are worryingly behind the leaders; no new HFC‑free stores since last survey. 8 Midlands 22/100 Good leakage reduction; developed HFC‑free systems Unnecessary use of HFCs in distribution centre; 95% Co‑operative (NA) suitable for smaller stores; committed to HFC‑free of all refrigerant used is still HFC; need to set future system purchasing policy from 2010. leakage reduction targets. 9 Co‑operative 16/100 Adopting HFC‑free freezers; have reduced leakage Heavy reliance on ozone depleting HCFCs in distribution Group (23/100) rates this year; lower direct emissions from leaking centres; have recently refitted lots of stores with refrigerant. HFC‑based refrigeration; unclear data reporting 10 Iceland 14/100 Low reported leakage; some good energy savings. Not proactive at all; incorrectly claim commercially (0/100) produced HFC‑free options are not available; claim restrictions on quantity of hydrocarbons used limits their use‑despite the fact other supermarkets are using them widely. 11 Aldi 6/100 One entirely HFC‑free store; have used HFC‑free Didn’t complete survey so very limited info; need to (1/100) freezers since 2007; doing good work in Germany. take this issue more seriously.

Chilling Facts – Technical points from the results

1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY are considering this to be a long term option. It has been argued that HFC systems are more energy efficient than the HFC‑free Chilling Facts recognises that there is alternatives. The Chilling Facts survey a significant climate benefit from using shows that this is no longer the case the lower GWP HFC refrigerant, but and that efficiencies are improving all recommends this as an interim solution the time. Here are some examples of this: in existing systems only. We believe that it would be irresponsible to use • Waitrose is using hydrocarbon an HFC with a GWP of 1,500 in the (climate‑friendly) based chillers longer term and that the use of HFC- and freezers. They are expecting at 407a should not be used as an excuse least a 10% reduction in energy use to slow down the complete phase‑out compared to the equivalent HFC of HFCs. (non climate‑friendly) systems. • Marks and Spencer’s refrigeration Ozone depleting chemicals systems that use reduced HFCs From 2010 the use of ozone are now as energy efficient as their destroying “virgin” HCFCs systems using 100% HFCs. hydrochlorofluorocarbons) will be • The Co‑operative Group’s HFC‑free banned within the EU. There is refrigeration systems are apparently growing concern that demand for on target for a 10% energy saving reclaimed or recycled HCFCs will compared to the HFC system. become greater than supply. And worryingly, there are still some Chiller doors and nightblinds supermarkets that are reliant on these chemicals. HCFCs are not only An enormous amount of energy is lost ozone‑destroying but commonly have by not having doors on chilled and frozen a GWP about 700 – 1,800 times food cabinets. Even worse, some retailers greater than CO . actually increase in‑store heating to 2 compensate for the cool air that escapes It is reported that over 50% of the from their fridges and freezers. Co‑operative Group’s depots are running on HCFCs, while Iceland still Chilling Facts discovered that whilst has 15%. Sainsbury’s has more than most retailers use doors on freezers, a quarter of their stores running on chiller cabinets are another matter. HCFC refrigerants and the Midlands The concern was that customers may Co‑operative has 10% of their be slowed down by having to open and refrigerated transport fleet reliant on shut doors, which may reduce sales HCFCs. Sainsbury’s has made plans to – and that this was more important than move straight from HCFCs to HFC‑free the energy efficiency gains. However, we refrigeration by 2014 and Midlands think that supermarkets need to be more Co‑operative will remove HCFCs from innovative in coming up with a solution their transport fleet in early 2010. to this problem. Chilling Facts urges supermarkets Nightblinds on refrigeration cabinets to complete their phase‑out of HCFCs can save up to 20% of total energy as a matter of urgency – preferably consumption and thankfully their use within a year. It is vital that they take is now almost universal. this opportunity to move directly to climate‑friendly refrigerants rather 2. COOLANTS than switching to HFCs, which are not ozone‑destroying but still have Reduced global warming coolant a significant GWP. The HFC that is generally used as a Leakage refrigerant is HFC‑404a. This has a GWP that is around 3,800 times greater Although there has been than CO2. However, there is another some reduction in leakage rates, HFC – HFC-407a – that has a GWP of Chilling Facts still feels that they about 1,500. As well as the reduced are unacceptably high. The lowest GWP from the gas itself, supermarkets reported rate from supermarkets using have reported energy savings of between centralised systems was about 14% 3% and 10% when using this coolant. per annum. Supermarkets need to Several retailers have started using this recognise that leakage reduction as a temporary replacement refrigerant must be carried out in conjunction in their existing equipment, while some with phasing out HFCs. © iStockphoto.com / fotofrog Tesco has set an example with this by A number of the supermarkets expressed 5. AIR CONDITIONING giving short‑term leakage reduction some concern that the refrigeration Air conditioning systems have targets and a longer term deadline for servicing industry has been reluctant to not been included in the Chilling moving away from HFCs. Asda on the embrace climate‑friendly technologies, Facts surveys to date, but they other hand has taken the wrong track; and that they have not invested enough will be next time. HFCs are widely they are focusing solely on leakage in this area. Chilling Facts calls on the used in air conditioning systems reduction as an alternative to phasing industry to stop dragging its feet and to and for heat pumps – and there out HFCs. Unfortunately, the benefit to be more pro‑active on this issue. With are climate‑friendly alternatives the climate of reducing leakage rates more and more attention focused on available. This applies in‑store, in by a few percentage points is minimal reducing greenhouse gas emissions, distribution centres and in transport. compared to moving away from high HFCs will not be a viable option in the GWP refrigerants altogether. long term. It is in the industry’s business interests to adapt quickly. 6. COMMUNICATIONS 3. TECHNICAL TRAINING AND LOBBYING 4. TRANSPORT One of the obstacles in moving to REFRIGERATION Chilling Facts believes that climate‑friendly refrigerants has been supermarkets have an important related to maintenance. Contractors in Chilling Facts is concerned that the role to play in raising awareness the refrigeration servicing industry supermarkets have not given enough of the significant climate change need to be trained to work with the attention to transport cooling systems. impacts of refrigeration. As direct new technologies. Although climate‑friendly alternatives are emissions from leaking refrigeration technically viable for transport, they are can account for up to one third Although this is still an issue, it is not as far developed as those for in‑store of a retailer’s carbon footprint, one that is being overcome by the refrigeration. it is imperative that these stores supermarkets. Chilling Facts were recognise the importance of phasing impressed to see a large increase in To date, only Waitrose and Asda are out HFCs as part of their wider CSR contractors being sent on training trialling hydrocarbon alternatives and (corporate social responsibility) courses to learn about the alternative they are at an early stage of R&D. commitments. In addition to phasing refrigerants. Lidl has developed an innovative system out HFCs from their systems, using eutectic plates, which are frozen Waitrose has gone a step further and has supermarkets have an important role at the distribution centres and then used sent other contractors, suppliers and to play in persuading government to transport frozen goods. This reduces even internal shop staff on these courses, and the refrigeration industry to help both the need for refrigerant, and the so that there is a full understanding make this a priority. This includes associated energy use and reduces the throughout the company. We were also raising awareness of the detrimental number of freezer vehicles on the road. impressed with Sainsbury’s creation of a impact of HFCs with all their DVD about their experiences in installing Chilling Facts is disappointed that suppliers and contractors, thereby and maintaining a climate-friendly more progress has not been made helping them to shift away from system. And we felt that Marks and in climate‑friendly refrigeration for HFCs as fast as possible. Spencer’s training school went some way transport. We urge the supermarkets towards addressing skills shortages. to improve on this next year. © iStockphoto.com / Don Bailey

HFCs and the political agenda

Since EIA launched the Chilling Facts used to replace the ozone destroyers, campaign at the beginning of 2009, are covered by the Kyoto Protocol. HFCs have shot up the political and This means they are included in the business agenda – both nationally and recent failure to agree on a long term internationally. climate change agreement at the Copenhagen climate conference at The impact of HFCs on climate the end of 2009. change is huge: by 2020 it is predicted that global HFC emissions Whatever the complexities, it is will be equivalent to between 2 billion widely accepted that we need a and 2.6 billion tonnes of carbon global phase‑down agreement for dioxide equivalent.2 That’s four times HFCs. Without this, HFC emissions the UK’s total annual greenhouse will spiral and their impact on gas emissions. And commercial climate change will be even greater. refrigeration is the second largest The longer we delay the more source of HFC emissions globally.3 difficult it will be. The generic name for HFCs is The European Union (EU) is waking halocarbons. These account for up to this issue, and has indicated 12.9% of historic global warming.4 that commercial refrigeration will be The role of HFCs in creating climate a priority when reviewing the F‑Gas change tipping points is even more regulation in 2011. The EU will be pronounced than the data may at first curbing the use of HFCs and will suggest. The GWP measurement used hopefully have a positive influence to compare the impacts of different in promoting a global agreement. greenhouse gases is usually averaged © iStockphoto.com / sjlocke At the UK level, the Chilling Facts over 100 years. As most HFCs persist campaign has received a lot of in the atmosphere for far less than political support. In 2009 MP Clive 100 years, this means that they Efford managed to get over 100 have a greater short‑term impact other MPs to call for government on climate change than other gases and supermarkets to take action 2. Velders G., D. Fahey, J. Daniel, M. McFarland and S. Anderson. with the same GWP. Effectively, this on this issue. He has followed (2009) “The large contribution of projected HFC emissions to means that by cutting HFC emissions, future climate forcing” PROC. NAT’L. ACAD. SCI. Early Edition this with a Private Member’s Bill we can buy some more time before we (22 June 2009) calling for a phase‑out of HFCs in get to irreversible climate change. 3. Data taken from US EPA and ADEME (2004) “Determination of the supermarket sector. However, comparative HCFC and HFC emissions profiles for the foam and The political process dealing with despite the support of many refrigeration sectors until 2015, Part1” 4. IPCC, (2007) Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change HFCs is almost as complicated as the supermarkets the government has 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group science. Ozone depleting substances proven unwilling to take the lead I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental such as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and so far has not supported any Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. were restricted under the Montreal initiatives to promote the use of Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and Protocol. But HFCs, which are often HFC‑free systems. New York, NY, USA UK supermarkets setting a european standard

The Chilling Facts campaign has shown leaking refrigerant accounts for that UK supermarkets have some of the almost 40% of their carbon footprint most progressive refrigeration policies so it’s hard understand why they have in Europe. For example Carrefour, totally failed to consider HFC‑free France’s largest and the world’s second technologies.6 Clearly Carrefour needs largest retailer, 5 has embraced HFC to look to its British competitors to technology with little regard for the get an idea of what environmentally environmental consequences. Its friendly technologies actually are. 2008 Corporate Social Responsibility Parts of Northern Europe such as report claims that one of the Carrefour Denmark are ahead of the UK in Group’s key environmental principals their implementation of HFC‑free 5. The Economist Intelligence Unit “France retail: Caring for is to “Encourage the development and refrigeration systems, Demark has Carrefour” 30 September 2009. Available online at http:// diffusion of environmentally friendly between 350‑500 supermarket viewswire.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=ib3Article&article_id=17748 technologies.” However later on in stores running on climate friendly 67162&pubtypeid=1122462497&rf=0 6. Carrefour Group (2008) “At the Heart of Life” 2008 the report they appear to boast about alternatives but this is mostly due to Sustainability Report investing millions of Euros into HFC government legislation phasing out 7. Personal communication with a senior consultant to the technology in Spain. Furthermore the use of HFCs in supermarkets.7 Danish Technological Institute

Technical overview of refrigeration technologies

Given that there are climate‑friendly of distribution refrigeration uses HCFCs, aren’t many liquid nitrogen plants, so alternatives to HFCs for supermarket which are both contributors to climate transporting it is not efficient either. refrigeration, you may wonder why change and ozone depleting. Worst of these chemicals are still being used. all is the Co‑operative Group, using 54% Using hydrocarbons for transport HCFCs and the rest HFCs. refrigeration would appear to be the The first HFC‑free supermarket was obvious solution, particularly since their Out of this World, which opened its Co‑operative Group and Morrisons need flammability is no worse than the fuel first organic, ethical store in Bristol to phase out HCFCs without further needed to power vehicles. Surprisingly, in 1996. Tesco opened their first delay. All supermarkets should set an this has been an option available for at store in 1998, Iceland followed in early deadline to move to using 100% least 10 years but with no interest at all. 1998 and Sainsbury’s in 2000, with ammonia in their distribution centres. However, Waitrose and Asda have just their landmark Millennium store in started trialling hydrocarbon technology Greenwich. But our first Chilling Facts TRANSPORT REFRIGERATION for transport. survey, published in 2009, revealed that there were no more than a handful of This is an area where the supermarkets Eutectic plates can be cooled in HFC‑free stores at that time. have been slow to adopt alternatives. distribution centres, for example with ammonia, and then used in lorries. This In 2010 there are more – enough Liquid nitrogen is being tried as an means no further coolants are required to show that HFC‑free refrigeration alternative by Sainsbury’s and Asda. and is the most efficient option available, is not only technically viable but This has no impact on climate change although they may not be suitable for all commercially too. The optimum during use but the process of making the distribution. Lidl has deployed this option in solutions differ depending on where liquid is very energy intensive plus there all their frozen food transportation. the cooling is needed; in-store, in distribution centres or for transport.

Here’s a summary of the different Table 2: Alternatives to HFC refrigerants cooling technologies available to the supermarkets with a perspective on the Technology Pros Cons Retailer take-up pros and cons: Subcritical A combination If hydrocarbons The use of HFCs in Marks and CO2 Cascade of CO2 (GWP 1) are used rather this system is an Spencer are used in the low than HFCs, this improvement on using this system IN-STORE REFRIGERATION temperature cycle system has a existing systems with HFCs as an and hydrocarbons minimal climate but should not be interim solution Most supermarkets today are still (GWP 3) or change impact and seen as a long- before moving to using HFC-404a for their in‑store reduced amounts is simple to use. term solution. hydrocarbons, but refrigeration systems. This has a GWP of HFCs used Even when using There are some Morrisons appear

that is about 3,800 times CO2. Even in the medium HFCs the leakage concerns about to have committed worse, the equipment they use involves temperature cycle. is much less than the reliability of to HFCs for the running several kilometres of pipes with existing this equipment. long term. throughout each building, which means systems. they are very prone to leaking. Transcritical CO2 is used in both Minimal climate The technology Tesco and CO2 low and medium change impact. is complex. Both Sainsbury’s are The main alternatives are described in temperature the capacity and planning to use Table 2. cycles. the efficiency of this technology. the system are compromised DISTRIBUTION CENTRES ‑ when it’s too hot WAREHOUSES AND COLD – above 35˚C. STORES Water-cooled Hydrocarbons used Minimal climate It means putting Waitrose has hydrocarbons in conjunction change impact. flammable liquids committed to this Ammonia has been used since Victorian with water cooling Much simpler than in stores but these technology. to minimize the transcritical CO , are already used in times for cold stores. It is the most 2 refrigerant charge. so engineers can aerosols. energy efficient and cost efficient be trained in a day. refrigerant of all the technologies; The leakage is very however, it is not suitable for low. shopfronts because it is toxic. Air-cooled Hydrocarbons A reliable and If you have lots Lidl, Aldi, Midlands hydrocarbons used in exactly cheap solution of refrigeration Co‑operative and Surprisingly, only three stores use the same way with low leakage, cabinets they will Co‑operative 100% ammonia in distribution centres as in domestic ideal for small be releasing too Group have – Asda, Tesco and Waitrose. Marks refrigerators. convenience much heat into adopted the and Spencer uses 83% ammonia but stores. Easy to the store and Unilever design of have a deadline to move to 100%, use as the unit might overload the this technology, Sainsbury’s use 59% ammonia with a comes ready made air conditioning which has been deadline to switch HCFC systems to and only has to be systems. used by Unilever natural refrigerants in 2010, and Lidl plugged in. globally in uses just 25% ammonia. Morrisons use 350,000 units 90% ammonia but the remaining 10% without incident. Technical overview of refrigeration technologies Conclusion

The Chilling Facts campaign has HFC‑free refrigeration but is yet to fully this is a step in the wrong direction been very successful in its first year commit to it. Midland’s Co‑operative and Chilling Facts urges Asda to think in getting the supermarkets to start have addressed the need for HFC‑free again. They should not renege on the introducing more climate‑friendly chillers as well as freezers in smaller commitments they made in 2007 to refrigeration. So much so that this stores and next year we expect other phase out HFCs. year’s survey demonstrates not only smaller retailers to follow suit. The overall good response from the the technical viability of HFC‑free However some supermarkets are supermarkets has served to highlight refrigeration but importantly its beginning to fall behind the pack, in the inexcusable inaction from the commercial viability. Whilst there particular Co‑operative Group, Asda, UK government. It has ignored calls remains a lack of skilled engineers Aldi and Iceland. Given the growing for a complete phase‑out of HFCs to work with HFC‑free technologies, concern about the devastating impacts in supermarkets and has failed to this is to some extent being addressed of climate change, Chilling Facts will introduce measures that would by the supermarkets themselves. focus attention on these retailers. ensure more engineers were trained However we are still concerned that We believe that their competitors are in climate‑friendly refrigeration there is a lot more to do. demonstrating how much more could maintenance. be done and that there is no excuse for We were impressed with some Chilling Facts believes that in the fight dragging their heels. ambitious plans from a number of against climate change, targeting HFCs supermarkets, most notably Waitrose We are particularly disappointed with is a relatively easy win. HFCs have and Sainsbury’s. Marks and Spencer Asda. The UK’s second biggest retailer a huge global warming impact and and Morrisons have also made some has been trialling HFC‑free refrigeration replacement technology is both available good progress in rolling out reduced for several years now but has decided and cost effective. All that is needed HFC systems. Tesco has announced the not to switch to these climate‑friendly now is some focus and commitment most ambitious near term roll out of alternatives across the board. Clearly from all parties involved.

Appendix 1 Methodology and Chilling Facts campaign steering group

EIA’s supermarket survey league table Questions were asked about which performance accordingly. A detailed has been compiled on the basis of data cooling gases were used in store, in breakdown of how each supermarket gathered from three sources: distribution centres and in transport. scored in each category is available in The survey also covered training, energy the results section. • Supermarket responses to a efficiency, leakages and future plans. refrigeration survey issued by EIA It should be noted that although in August 2009. Once the results were in they were objectivity has been strived for, EIA analysed by the campaign steering does not in any way claim this survey • Correspondence with retailers and group: Fionnuala Walravens (EIA), to be a scientific analysis – the results brand suppliers arising from the Nick Cox (Earthcare Products) and simply represent EIA’s perspective survey. Julia Hailes (consultant and writer). on the issue. EIA is grateful for • Material that is publicly available on They created a score card on a range of the assistance it has received from retailer and brand supplier websites. issues and ranked each supermarket’s retailers and brand suppliers.

FIONNUALA WALRAVENS JULIA HAILES MBE NICHOLAS COX Fionnuala is a campaigner for EIA’s Julia is a leading opinion former, Nicholas is MD of Earthcare Products Global Environmental Campaign. freelance consultant and speaker on Ltd and is considered to be a leading She is the leading authority on the social, environmental and ethical issues. authority on environmentally friendly interlinkages between ozone and She is author or co‑author of nine refrigeration and air conditioning. climate policies. As part of her books, including The Green Consumer During a long career he has presented work on the campaign Fionnuala Guide which sold over 1 million copies many papers on refrigeration and regularly attends worldwide and more recently The New coolants as well as international Green Consumer advising both the ozone and climate Guide, published in UK government talks where she 2007. In 1999 she and the EU is part of a team was awarded an commission. lobbying for global MBE. action on HFCs. Visit her website at www.juliahailes.com.

Midlands Co‑operative Waitrose Tesco Marks and Spencer Sainsbury’s Lidl Asda Morrisons Co‑operative Group Iceland Aldi Section 1 No data last year so nothing to Emissions from energy use are More transparent than last year Not impressed that no direct Lower direct emissions despite Direct emissions are down from No data given. No data last year so nothing to Lack of clarity in data reporting, Much lower proportion of No data given but have been Emissions compare with. Pleased to see direct down, despite an increase in stores. about indirect emissions, not emissions figure is given, lack of increase in stores. last year but indirect are up. This compare with. Pleased to see direct appear to be muddled over their direct emissions to indirect. No putting in natural refrigerants into emissions are lower than indirect Generally good, but they are still bar discounting for renewable energy. transparency. seems paradoxical.Disappointing emissions are lower than indirect own reporting. Direct emissions comparison from last year. stores which implies less direct indicating lower leakage. Data not far the biggest emitter and therefore Direct emissions are down despite to see increase in energy used with indicating lower leakage. Data not are lower and figure for indirect emissions. verified externally. have a big responsibility to reduce increased stores.Direct emissions little increase in stores but pleased verified externally. emissions no longer discounts for emissions. are externally verified. to see a moderate reduction in renewable energy. refrigerant use. 3 points 5 points 5 points 2 points 5 points 2 points 0 points 3 points 2 points 3 points 1 point Section 2 We were impressed with their Consistent year on year reduction in Good measures, higher leakage rates Some good measures but impossible Some use of leak detection systems, Some good measures and consistent Seem to be behind the pack on have successfully managed to Not so many innovative ideas and Use of low leakage equipment but No information given. Leakage innovative measures such as scented leakage to achieve 14% this year. but due to low critical change. to tell efficacy as they don’t publish minimal measures taken but use of reductions year on year. Very leak detection systems. Not very reduce leakage rates since 2006, information, but good as they have no innovative measuresLeakage rate HFCs and mystery shoppers. Good Impressed by their plans for further achieved reductions. Transparency low leakage equipment. transparent. This is their area of transparent. Leakage rates were however no future targets set. reduced leakage. figure seems unrealistically low. leakage reduction from last year and significant leakage reduction in next is vital. Board level attention on this focus. Comparatively low leakage not provided. A lot of room for I n d e p t h re sul s tab l we like their commitment reduce 9 months. issue is good though. rates of 14%. Haven’t set targets improvement. leakage by 50% between 2008‑2012. for further leakage reduction. 7 points 6 points 5 points 2 points 3 points 5 points 1 point 5 points 4 points 1 point 0 points

Appendix 2 Section 4 100% of distribution centres 100% of distribution centres 83% of distribution centres 59% of distribution centres 25% of distribution centres 100% of distribution centres “90% of distribution centres Only one distribution centre and it 0% converted to natural 83% of distribution centres No information given. Use of converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants, converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants but converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants runs on HFC. refrigerants. We were shocked to converted to natural refrigerants natural last centre due to convert in Disappointing use of HCFCs but plan the rest using HFCs. Not impressed. but a minus point for continued use see 54% of distribution centres but a minus point for continued use refrigerants 2010/2011. to convert them in summer 2010. of HCFCs.“ running on HCFCs. of HCFCs. behind the scenes 10 points 10 points 9 points 6 points 2 points 10 points 8 points 0 points 0 points 7 points 0 points Section 5 Too much reliance on HFCs but Too much reliance on HFCs, one point Disappointed that this has received “Too much reliance on HFCs, a point Although use of HFCs is still high Too much reliance on HFCs but Reliant on HFCs, no alternatives Reliant on HFCs and 10% still High use of HFCs, use of solar Reliant on HFCs, no alternatives No information given. Use of trialling hydrocarbon based awarded for a failed trial of carbon no attention to date, hope for better for use of energy efficient trailers they have developed innovative use trialling hydrocarbon based system, being developed. running on HCFCs, although plans panels on top of refrigerated being developed. natural system, could be a much needed dioxide but we’re not impressed with news next year. and trial of nitrogen, but warning that of eutectic plates. This has moved could be a much needed break are in place to replace these units. trailers is good. 10% of transport refrigerants breakthrough this sector needs. We insulated boxes approach, these are it has a higher carbon footprint.“ beyond trial and is now implemented through this sector needs. We are fleet still runs on HCFC but is due to in transport are very excited about this. the norm! it in a significant part of their fleet. very excited about this. be replaced in early 2010. refrigeration 3 points 1 point 0 points 1 points 6 points 3 points 0 points 0 points 2 points 0 points 0 points Section 6 Great to see they are sending a broad Paving the way, spreading lots of Paving the way in this area. Have A big improvement on last year. Send contractors on training but not Training in naturals HC, ammonia Designed a workshop for No training courses offered but on No information given. No information given. No information given. Training and spectrum of personnel to training knowledge and transparent. Lots established a training school and New focus on training of engineers natural refrigerant training. and CO2, big improvements. Doesn’t contractors, but not sending a site engineers have to prove they technical courses for natural refrigerants. Not done internally as well as externally. have an input into the development of in use of natural refrigerants, some say what percentage of engineers spectrum of roles to attend. have been trained to work with clear how many have attended so training modules. Could do more work innovative schemes and wide range have been trained. Their ideas are naturals. High use of hydrocarbon far. Could do more in terms external internally through expanding training of measures including a skills sharing not as inspirational as Sainsbury’s. integrals means less need for extra influence. scheme beyond those in service and DVD. training. maintenance. 6 points 7 points 6 points 6 points 0 points 3 points 3 points 3 points 0 points 0 points 0 points Section 7 Innovative use of warm air from Plans to use chiller doors in dairy Not much information given, we Project Reset is doing quite well, Use of energy efficient scroll Good. Very significant savings in Lack of innovative measures. We’re New measures in 20 stores have Targets are good, 17% saving since 3% energy use reductions per store Happy to see heat recovery from Energy cooling cabinets to heat store. Claim and meat sections of smaller format think their refrigeration should planning to roll it out wider. Not compressors. Chiller doors tested both existing stores and new stores not impressed at their unwillingness resulted in 18% energy savings, 2006 and estimated figures appear per annum are good. refrigeration systems installed efficiency 20% energy saving on refrigeration stores. Consistently reducing energy sub‑metered to help with their energy too great energy use reduction, and found to have a negative effect. (23% from 2005 baseline and to trial chiller doors. Vague about time they implemented these in to be quite good. as standard.No tangible targets in past five years. used in refrigeration. use improvement targets. 15%. Chiller doors, only on frozen 32% from 2005baseline), actually data on energy usage savings. Could all stores. or achievements‑we’d like some food, have trialled but highlight the achieved and not just targets. be doing much better. figures. problems. Trialling glass doors on chiller cabinets. 5 points 5 points 3 points 4 points 3 points 6 points 1 point 3 points 4 points 2 points 2 points Section 8 Very impressed at their commitment Plan to have 150 HFC‑free stores A big improvement. Have committed Committing to go to carbon dioxide- Good plans to stop using HFCs in Very contradictory as they have a A bit vague on this. Good to see that Plan to switch to HFC‑free integral For integral cabinets they plan to go Seem to be confused about No future plans beyond monitoring. Future plans to stop using HFCs in future projects, by 2012. Good that they are setting to use carbon dioxide based systems based refrigeration across entire distribution centres. Great to see new store planned which will use they are trying hydrocarbon and units for both frozen and chilled to hydrocarbons and will be doing availability of hydrocarbon Need to take this issue more but have not set a deadline for total targets but not so big relative to size where possible and have set a estate. Plan seven stores in 2010 and their commitment to use HFC free hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide cascade systems. food as standard in 2010. Claim a bit of a catch up in 2010, this is technology as they claim cabinets seriously. HFC phase‑out. of estate. And also uncertain as it is deadline of 2030 for phase‑out of 135 by 2014. Impressed that they are freezers in all new stores. However but still claim to focus on HFCs. They claim to continue roll out of hydrocarbon units are now available a proven technology so their move are not available but Unilever have pending outcome of tests. No firm HFCs. However not clear when they setting a lead, and especially that it we were disappointed about their Feels like they are sitting back HFC/CO2 system. We call on them to to meet 95% of their total isn’t innovative. Disappointed that rolled out over 350,000 cabinets HFC phase‑out date. will move over to totally HFC‑free relates to existing stores and future use of HFC in chillers, they need to waiting for others to take a lead make a commitment and set dates. requirements. they prefer HFCs for centralised worldwide and Lidl, Aldi and systems. investment in up-skilling engineers. revisit this and look at what Waitrose and that they are going back on More drive required. systems, claim to be looking into Co‑operative are all using these is doing. 2007 commitment to phase‑out alternatives but yet to demonstrate widely. No excuse! HFCs. Generally feel that they are it. complacent and disappointing in terms of their target. 8 points 6 points 6 points 9 points 5 points 1 point 4 points 6 points 4 points 0 points 0 points Section 9 Signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Not signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Have signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Have signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Haven’t signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Haven’t yet signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Have signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Not willing to sign DEFRA’s F‑gas Haven’t yet signed DEFRA’s Haven’t signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Good use of naturals in Germany. Raising compliance agreement. Importantly compliance agreement. Done a lot of compliance agreement. Played compliance agreement. Have done regulation compliance agreement. regulation compliance agreement. regulation compliance agreement. compliance, have done some work F‑gas regulation compliance regulation compliance agreement or awareness Waitrose recognises the role of work promoting their climate-friendly an important role in developing some work raising awareness of And not much to raise awareness but Have been engaged in sharing And have spread some positive to promote CO2 at trade meetings. agreement. They haven’t done much done anything to promote HFC‑free HFC‑free equipment in reducing their refrigeration solutions to industry. alternatives technologies. We HFC‑free alternatives in the media. do have some good use of natural information between supermarkets. information about climate friendly campaigning to promote HFC‑free alternatives. carbon foot-print and improving their think their Plan A should contain a But very future based, not many refrigerants in non-UK stores. alternatives and leakage reduction alternatives and dwell too much on customers’ shopping experience. Very commitment to go HFC-free and set tangible results to date. amongst industry. the difficulties rather than how they positive campaigning. They claim a time frame in which they plan to can overcome them. to have played an important role in achieve it. pushing the industry for change. 7 points 5 points 4 points 3 points 1 point 1 points 3 points 2 points 1 point 0 points 1 point Section They are pushing new energy Bonus points for exporting carbon Plan A is a good commitment and Have taken a big leap in committing Good work on freezer cabinets Haven’t done much, disappointed We feel their answers didn’t reflect They asked to be part of the survey, Good CSR report. Clearly not taking this seriously. Clearly not taking this seriously. 10 efficient hydrocarbon technology in dioxide technology to developing some positive campaigning for to alternatives. Sainsbury’s are and their information given was that they are not moving ahead with some of the good work we know glad they want to share their Bonus score chillers, taking their commitment to countries and those with warmer natural refrigerants. planning to leapfrog HFCs in 25% transparent. the others. they are doing. Bonus points for information with us. the climate impact of refrigeration climates. of their stores, proving that it is an having the most amount of stores seriously. unnecessary technology. converted to climate‑friendly refrigeration. 8 points 6 points 4 points 8 points 2 points 0 points 6 points 3 points 1 point 0 points 0 points Total 10 score 60 55 46 44 33 32 32 28 19 14 6 Midlands Co‑operative Waitrose Tesco Marks and Spencer Sainsbury’s Lidl Asda Morrisons Co‑operative Group Iceland Aldi Section 1 No data last year so nothing to Emissions from energy use are More transparent than last year Not impressed that no direct Lower direct emissions despite Direct emissions are down from No data given. No data last year so nothing to Lack of clarity in data reporting, Much lower proportion of No data given but have been Emissions compare with. Pleased to see direct down, despite an increase in stores. about indirect emissions, not emissions figure is given, lack of increase in stores. last year but indirect are up. This compare with. Pleased to see direct appear to be muddled over their direct emissions to indirect. No putting in natural refrigerants into emissions are lower than indirect Generally good, but they are still bar discounting for renewable energy. transparency. seems paradoxical.Disappointing emissions are lower than indirect own reporting. Direct emissions comparison from last year. stores which implies less direct indicating lower leakage. Data not far the biggest emitter and therefore Direct emissions are down despite to see increase in energy used with indicating lower leakage. Data not are lower and figure for indirect emissions. verified externally. have a big responsibility to reduce increased stores.Direct emissions little increase in stores but pleased verified externally. emissions no longer discounts for emissions. are externally verified. to see a moderate reduction in renewable energy. refrigerant use. 3 points 5 points 5 points 2 points 5 points 2 points 0 points 3 points 2 points 3 points 1 point Section 2 We were impressed with their Consistent year on year reduction in Good measures, higher leakage rates Some good measures but impossible Some use of leak detection systems, Some good measures and consistent Seem to be behind the pack on have successfully managed to Not so many innovative ideas and Use of low leakage equipment but No information given. Leakage innovative measures such as scented leakage to achieve 14% this year. but due to low critical change. to tell efficacy as they don’t publish minimal measures taken but use of reductions year on year. Very leak detection systems. Not very reduce leakage rates since 2006, information, but good as they have no innovative measuresLeakage rate HFCs and mystery shoppers. Good Impressed by their plans for further achieved reductions. Transparency low leakage equipment. transparent. This is their area of transparent. Leakage rates were however no future targets set. reduced leakage. figure seems unrealistically low. leakage reduction from last year and significant leakage reduction in next is vital. Board level attention on this focus. Comparatively low leakage not provided. A lot of room for we like their commitment reduce 9 months. issue is good though. rates of 14%. Haven’t set targets improvement. leakage by 50% between 2008‑2012. for further leakage reduction. 7 points 6 points 5 points 2 points 3 points 5 points 1 point 5 points 4 points 1 point 0 points

Section 3 From 0 to 3 stores. Claim to have Say they plan to have 6 more stores A big improvement, from 3 stores Have seven stores planned by spring Great news to hear that 1/3 of No improvement on last year. A very big improvement with 21 one store fitted with CO2 in No improvement on last year. Claim trials are being carried out One entirely HFC‑free store, a Use of been carrying out trials but don’t in 2009, no confirmation though. last year they now have 13‑15 running 2010. But still have a quarter of all freezers are now running on stores now converted. However they Nov 2009, increasing use of but our understanding is they were great start but only one. We like natural give much information. Good development of natural on pumped carbon dioxide. However stores running on HCFCS. hydrocarbons, we want them to go all are not using HFC‑free systems, the hydrocarbons in integrals but a long time ago and in just one that it covers chillers as well. refrigerants refrigerants in warmer climates, some of these are not HFC‑free the way. However disappointed to see systems they use only have 95% of refrigerant use is HFC. place. Generally not impressed and in store looks like they are on the verge of systems, which only have a reduced chillers running on HFCs, they claim a reduced charge. feel more needs to be done. more progress. charge. Only a minority of systems to be looking into HFC‑free options. are totally HFC‑free. Another point for trialling of carbon dioxide based air‑conditioning. 3 points 4 points 5 points 3 points 6 points 1 point 6 points 3 points 1 point 1 point 2 points Section 4 100% of distribution centres 100% of distribution centres 83% of distribution centres 59% of distribution centres 25% of distribution centres 100% of distribution centres “90% of distribution centres Only one distribution centre and it 0% converted to natural 83% of distribution centres No information given. Use of converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants, converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants but converted to natural refrigerants. converted to natural refrigerants runs on HFC. refrigerants. We were shocked to converted to natural refrigerants natural last centre due to convert in Disappointing use of HCFCs but plan the rest using HFCs. Not impressed. but a minus point for continued use see 54% of distribution centres but a minus point for continued use refrigerants 2010/2011. to convert them in summer 2010. of HCFCs.“ running on HCFCs. of HCFCs. behind the scenes 10 points 10 points 9 points 6 points 2 points 10 points 8 points 0 points 0 points 7 points 0 points Section 5 Too much reliance on HFCs but Too much reliance on HFCs, one point Disappointed that this has received “Too much reliance on HFCs, a point Although use of HFCs is still high Too much reliance on HFCs but Reliant on HFCs, no alternatives Reliant on HFCs and 10% still High use of HFCs, use of solar Reliant on HFCs, no alternatives No information given. Use of trialling hydrocarbon based awarded for a failed trial of carbon no attention to date, hope for better for use of energy efficient trailers they have developed innovative use trialling hydrocarbon based system, being developed. running on HCFCs, although plans panels on top of refrigerated being developed. natural system, could be a much needed dioxide but we’re not impressed with news next year. and trial of nitrogen, but warning that of eutectic plates. This has moved could be a much needed break are in place to replace these units. trailers is good. 10% of transport refrigerants breakthrough this sector needs. We insulated boxes approach, these are it has a higher carbon footprint.“ beyond trial and is now implemented through this sector needs. We are fleet still runs on HCFC but is due to in transport are very excited about this. the norm! it in a significant part of their fleet. very excited about this. be replaced in early 2010. refrigeration 3 points 1 point 0 points 1 points 6 points 3 points 0 points 0 points 2 points 0 points 0 points Section 6 Great to see they are sending a broad Paving the way, spreading lots of Paving the way in this area. Have A big improvement on last year. Send contractors on training but not Training in naturals HC, ammonia Designed a workshop for No training courses offered but on No information given. No information given. No information given. Training and spectrum of personnel to training knowledge and transparent. Lots established a training school and New focus on training of engineers natural refrigerant training. and CO2, big improvements. Doesn’t contractors, but not sending a site engineers have to prove they technical courses for natural refrigerants. Not done internally as well as externally. have an input into the development of in use of natural refrigerants, some say what percentage of engineers spectrum of roles to attend. have been trained to work with clear how many have attended so training modules. Could do more work innovative schemes and wide range have been trained. Their ideas are naturals. High use of hydrocarbon far. Could do more in terms external internally through expanding training of measures including a skills sharing not as inspirational as Sainsbury’s. integrals means less need for extra influence. scheme beyond those in service and DVD. training. maintenance. 6 points 7 points 6 points 6 points 0 points 3 points 3 points 3 points 0 points 0 points 0 points Section 7 Innovative use of warm air from Plans to use chiller doors in dairy Not much information given, we Project Reset is doing quite well, Use of energy efficient scroll Good. Very significant savings in Lack of innovative measures. We’re New measures in 20 stores have Targets are good, 17% saving since 3% energy use reductions per store Happy to see heat recovery from Energy cooling cabinets to heat store. Claim and meat sections of smaller format think their refrigeration should planning to roll it out wider. Not compressors. Chiller doors tested both existing stores and new stores not impressed at their unwillingness resulted in 18% energy savings, 2006 and estimated figures appear per annum are good. refrigeration systems installed efficiency 20% energy saving on refrigeration stores. Consistently reducing energy sub‑metered to help with their energy too great energy use reduction, and found to have a negative effect. (23% from 2005 baseline and to trial chiller doors. Vague about time they implemented these in to be quite good. as standard.No tangible targets in past five years. used in refrigeration. use improvement targets. 15%. Chiller doors, only on frozen 32% from 2005baseline), actually data on energy usage savings. Could all stores. or achievements‑we’d like some food, have trialled but highlight the achieved and not just targets. be doing much better. figures. problems. Trialling glass doors on chiller cabinets. 5 points 5 points 3 points 4 points 3 points 6 points 1 point 3 points 4 points 2 points 2 points Section 8 Very impressed at their commitment Plan to have 150 HFC‑free stores A big improvement. Have committed Committing to go to carbon dioxide- Good plans to stop using HFCs in Very contradictory as they have a A bit vague on this. Good to see that Plan to switch to HFC‑free integral For integral cabinets they plan to go Seem to be confused about No future plans beyond monitoring. Future plans to stop using HFCs in future projects, by 2012. Good that they are setting to use carbon dioxide based systems based refrigeration across entire distribution centres. Great to see new store planned which will use they are trying hydrocarbon and units for both frozen and chilled to hydrocarbons and will be doing availability of hydrocarbon Need to take this issue more but have not set a deadline for total targets but not so big relative to size where possible and have set a estate. Plan seven stores in 2010 and their commitment to use HFC free hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide cascade systems. food as standard in 2010. Claim a bit of a catch up in 2010, this is technology as they claim cabinets seriously. HFC phase‑out. of estate. And also uncertain as it is deadline of 2030 for phase‑out of 135 by 2014. Impressed that they are freezers in all new stores. However but still claim to focus on HFCs. They claim to continue roll out of hydrocarbon units are now available a proven technology so their move are not available but Unilever have pending outcome of tests. No firm HFCs. However not clear when they setting a lead, and especially that it we were disappointed about their Feels like they are sitting back HFC/CO2 system. We call on them to to meet 95% of their total isn’t innovative. Disappointed that rolled out over 350,000 cabinets HFC phase‑out date. will move over to totally HFC‑free relates to existing stores and future use of HFC in chillers, they need to waiting for others to take a lead make a commitment and set dates. requirements. they prefer HFCs for centralised worldwide and Lidl, Aldi and systems. investment in up-skilling engineers. revisit this and look at what Waitrose and that they are going back on More drive required. systems, claim to be looking into Co‑operative are all using these is doing. 2007 commitment to phase‑out alternatives but yet to demonstrate widely. No excuse! HFCs. Generally feel that they are it. complacent and disappointing in terms of their target. 8 points 6 points 6 points 9 points 5 points 1 point 4 points 6 points 4 points 0 points 0 points Section 9 Signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Not signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Have signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Have signed DEFRA’s F‑gas regulation Haven’t signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Haven’t yet signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Have signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Not willing to sign DEFRA’s F‑gas Haven’t yet signed DEFRA’s Haven’t signed DEFRA’s F‑gas Good use of naturals in Germany. Raising compliance agreement. Importantly compliance agreement. Done a lot of compliance agreement. Played compliance agreement. Have done regulation compliance agreement. regulation compliance agreement. regulation compliance agreement. compliance, have done some work F‑gas regulation compliance regulation compliance agreement or awareness Waitrose recognises the role of work promoting their climate-friendly an important role in developing some work raising awareness of And not much to raise awareness but Have been engaged in sharing And have spread some positive to promote CO2 at trade meetings. agreement. They haven’t done much done anything to promote HFC‑free HFC‑free equipment in reducing their refrigeration solutions to industry. alternatives technologies. We HFC‑free alternatives in the media. do have some good use of natural information between supermarkets. information about climate friendly campaigning to promote HFC‑free alternatives. carbon foot-print and improving their think their Plan A should contain a But very future based, not many refrigerants in non-UK stores. alternatives and leakage reduction alternatives and dwell too much on customers’ shopping experience. Very commitment to go HFC-free and set tangible results to date. amongst industry. the difficulties rather than how they positive campaigning. They claim a time frame in which they plan to can overcome them. to have played an important role in achieve it. pushing the industry for change. 7 points 5 points 4 points 3 points 1 point 1 points 3 points 2 points 1 point 0 points 1 point Section They are pushing new energy Bonus points for exporting carbon Plan A is a good commitment and Have taken a big leap in committing Good work on freezer cabinets Haven’t done much, disappointed We feel their answers didn’t reflect They asked to be part of the survey, Good CSR report. Clearly not taking this seriously. Clearly not taking this seriously. 10 efficient hydrocarbon technology in dioxide technology to developing some positive campaigning for to alternatives. Sainsbury’s are and their information given was that they are not moving ahead with some of the good work we know glad they want to share their Bonus score chillers, taking their commitment to countries and those with warmer natural refrigerants. planning to leapfrog HFCs in 25% transparent. the others. they are doing. Bonus points for information with us. the climate impact of refrigeration climates. of their stores, proving that it is an having the most amount of stores seriously. unnecessary technology. converted to climate‑friendly refrigeration. 8 points 6 points 4 points 8 points 2 points 0 points 6 points 3 points 1 point 0 points 0 points Total score 60 55 46 44 33 32 32 28 19 14 6 11 Artwork by Clifford Singer

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EIA would like to thank Julia Hailes, Nicholas Cox, Anna Guyer and Sophie Rivett-Carnac for their contribution to the Chilling Facts campaign.

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