Department of Tourism, Culture and Recreation Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review February 2012 Volume 10 Moravian church choir leading a hymn during the reburial ceremony at Zoar on June 22, 2011. 10th Anniversary Edition Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review Department of Tourism, Culture and Recreation Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review February 2012 Volume 10 It is hard to believe that this is the 10th Edition of the PAO Archaeology Review. It has come a long way in 10 years, from a four page newsletter the first year to the journal you see before you today. Thank-you for embracing the idea of the Review and for your submissions, obviously without your cooperation this would not be as successful as it is. Stephen Hull Editor 3 Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review 4 Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review INSIDE THIS ISSUE Page Map of Projects Brake, Jamie NUNATSIAVUT GOVERNMENT FIELDWORK 2011 7 Burns, Mélissa and Hilary Lock NEWS FROM THE PETIT NORD: A SUMMARY OF OUR 2011 FIELD 37 SEASON AT THE OLD FRENCH FISHING ROOM CHAMPS PAYA Crompton, Amanda ARCHAEOLOGY AT ODERIN ISLAND, NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA 46 Daly, Lisa M. and Eric Guiry FLIGHTS AND FILM: 2011 FIELD WORK IN GANDER, 52 NEWFOUNDLAND Fay, Amelia 2011 BLACK ISLAND (HeCi-15) EXCAVATION 60 Fitzhugh, William W. and Erik Phaneuf, INUIT ARCHAEOLOGY ON THE QUEBEC LOWER NORTH SHORE 2011 63 Gaulton, Barry C. and James A. Tuck ARCHAEOLOGY AT FERRYLAND 2011 77 Gilbert, William A REPORT ON THE 2011 EXCAVATIONS AT 82 THE CUPIDS COVE PLANTATION PROVINCIAL HISTORIC SITE Jenkinson, Anthony and Stephen Loring TSHIKAPISK FOUNDATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN 2011 89 McLean, Laurie BURNSIDE HERITAGE FOUNDATION: 2011 SUMMARY 103 Penney, Gerald GERALD PENNEY ASSOCIATES LIMITED 2012 111 Pope, Peter E. HISTORIC CARBONEAR, 2011 SURVEY 121 Rankin, Dr. Lisa INDIAN HARBOUR, LABRADOR 126 Reynolds, Ken, Delphina Mercer and Stephen Hull PROVINCIAL ARCHAEOLOGY OFFICE 2011 130 Schwarz, Fred ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN WEST-CENTRAL 149 NEWFOUNDLAND, JULY-OCTOBER 2011 5 Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review TABLE OF CONTENTS, continued Skanes, Roy CARBONEAR ISLAND ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH PROJECT: 156 SUMMARY OF 2011 FIELDWORK Stopp, Marianne THE 2011 FIELD SEASON AT NORTH ISLAND-1 (FeAx-3) 166 Swinarton, Lindsay DOG ISLAND, LABRADOR: THE 2011 FIELD SEASON 169 Wells, P.J., M.A.P. Renouf, C. Tudor, and D. Lavers THE 2011 FIELD SEASON AT PHILLIP’S GARDEN (EeBi-1), PORT AU 172 CHOIX NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE CONFERENCES 175 PUBLICATIONS 177 SUGGESTIONS 179 6 Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review NUNATSIAVUT GOVERNMENT FIELDWORK 2011 Jamie Brake Torngâsok Cultural Centre ntroduction Government (including the Director of Heri- I The past year has been quite tage and the Minister of Aboriginal Affairs), eventful in terms of archaeological fieldwork from the NG (including the Minister and to report on. A much lower than average Deputy Minister of Culture Recreation and snowfall during the winter of 2011 even al- Tourism), the Labrador Institute, Them Days, lowed for some unusually early spring “survey the Labrador Heritage Society, the Labrador work” to be done via snowmobile! Nunatsia- Interpretation Centre, Parks Canada, the As- vut Government (NG) fieldwork involved sociation of Heritage Industries and Atlantic visits to thirty-seven archaeological sites and Canadian Opportunities Agency also partici- four ethnographic sites in 2011. Seven of pated. Two major outcomes of the 2011 fo- those sites were known and thirty-four had rum were a decision made by the NG Minister not previously been recorded. Thirty of the and Deputy Minister of Culture, Recreation visited sites are located on Labrador Inuit and Tourism for the Torngâsok Cultural Cen- Lands (LIL) and eleven are within the Labra- tre to act as an umbrella organization for Heri- dor Inuit Settlement Area (LISA) outside of tage groups throughout Labrador, and a com- LIL. mitment to seek funds to hire an additional This past year the Nunatsiavut Gov- staff member to facilitate this development. ernment issued eleven archaeological investi- In the following pages field trips in the gation permits. Of those, two were for re- Nain, Hopedale Postville, Makkovik, and Nu- search projects, seven for historic resource tak Regions are discussed. Human remains impact assessments, one for a winter site visit were reburied at Zoar, between Nain and and one for a cruise ship visit. In all, one hun- Hopedale, and on Rose Island (Sallikuluk) in dred and thirty-two land use applications were Saglek Bay (Figure 1) in 2011. The fieldwork is received by, or were referred to the office in presented in roughly chronological order. In- 2011. This number includes applications for formation on both reburials is provided in use of Labrador Inuit Lands, mineral explora- separate sections immediately following the tion, archaeology permit applications as well field work discussions. Figure 1 is a small- as applications for other types of research scale map showing the locations of the areas which are referred to the NG archaeology of- referred to in the text. fice (NGAO). Application review by this of- Spring Survey in the Nain Region fice resulted in requirements for seven ar- NG11.02 chaeological assessments in 2011. The winter of 2010-2011 was very late In May, the second Nunatsiavut Heri- getting started. It was February before solid tage Forum was held in Hopedale which was sea ice had formed and there was very little quite successful. The forum was made possi- snowfall compared with the two previous win- ble with funding acquired by the NGAO ters my family and I had spent in northern through the Tasiujatsoak Trust Fund. Dele- Labrador. Because of the lack of snow I de- gates from the Inuit Communities, from Up- cided one weekend in early April to see if it per Lake Melville, and elsewhere in the prov- would be fruitful visit HcCm-03, the site of ince, came together to discuss heritage related the Rawson-MacMillian Subarctic Expedition issues, to learn about the progress since the research station of 1927-28, in an attempt to previous forum, and to set new goals and pri- further broaden my understanding of William orities. Representatives from the Provincial Duncan Strong’s time in Labrador in the con- 7 Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review Figure 1 Map showing the areas referred to in the text. text of the fast approaching Zoar repatriation cleared out areas within the woods were ap- (see below). Not only was that site visit fruit- parent almost immediately, and after a few ful, but four additional previously unknown minutes, my heart leapt with excitement as my archaeological sites, which would normally eye caught the back of a Model T Ford head- have been completely buried under snow, light a little ways off through the branches. were recorded that same weekend. During the Rawson-MacMillan expedition, the The MacMillan Station (HcCm-03) is vehicle had been fitted out with skis and located approximately 25 km southwest of tracks and it was actually the first snowmobile Nain on the north side of a small cove in ever in Labrador. Some time was spent taking Anaktalak Bay. On the morning of April 3rd I photos and recording the precise location of took a leisurely snowmobile ride out to that the machine using a handheld GPS. cove and upon arriving setup a small camping Some parts of the Ford were clearly stove on the ice and prepared a late breakfast missing, others must have been buried in before venturing into the forest on snow- snow, but what was visible (the chassis, a shoes. There was actually quite a lot of snow good portion of the body, a headlight…) were in the woods in this area, relatively speaking. in remarkable condition considering the fact Without snowshoes I would have been up to that it has been sitting there for more than 80 my knees or deeper anywhere where there was years (Figure 2). The word “Ford” is still tree cover in the area. Cut trees and some clearly visible on the front of the chassis. 8 Provincial Archaeology Office 2011 Archaeology Review Figure 2 Remains of Rawson-MacMillan expedition Ford model T snowmobile at HcCm-03 in 2011. Encountering the model T, an actual tangible cross, an upright stone marker which had relic of the Rawson-MacMillan expedition, been placed next to a tent ring overlooking which Duncan Strong rode in and wrote the surrounding area was encountered. No about in his journals, was a moving experience cultural material was observed on the surface and seeing it in such good condition was very at the site other than a tiny unidentified bone satisfying. By lunch I felt the day had already fragment. Although by no means a certainty, been a great success. the upright stone marker is suggestive of an On the ride back I decided to take a Inuit affiliation (Larkham and Brake 2010). different route across a body of water known The site has been designated HcCl-14 (Figure locally as “Saltwater Pond” and east through a 3). network of lakes and ponds to Nain. There After making my way safely across the are several different ways to reach Saltwater Saltwater Pond channel I encountered two Pond and that day I used a route I had not other sites on the east side of the pond, each used before, which is straight up the channel consisting of at least two presumed hunting which connects it to ocean. Water moves blinds, HcCl-15 and HdCl-04. The relatively quickly through this area and parts of the recent looking features were partially snow channel remain ice free throughout the winter. covered and it is likely that there is other evi- Stopping on a point of land just south of this dence of land use present at the sites which inflow/outflow (depending on whether the was not observed that day (Figure 4).