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ABSTRACTS ASM2019 Abstracts Table of Contents Oral Presentations p. 2 Poster Presentations p. 148 ASM2019 Abstracts Oral Presentations Oral Presentations MAPPING PERMAFROST AND INITIATING drones, surficial geology mapping and GIS applications, COMMUNITY-BASED MONITORING ON ground penetrating radar surveys, drilling and core PERMAFROST AND ECOSYSTEM CHANGES permafrost extraction, and installation of thermistor cables NEAR KUGLUKTUK: SHARING THE to initiate a long term ground temperature and climate EXPERIENCE OF A PARTNERSHIP INVOLVING change monitoring program. The fieldwork takes about SCIENCE, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, AND two weeks every summer and is carried out with youth LOCAL CREATIVITY from the community and park staff being trained in the use of the research tools and developing skills in permafrost Allard, Michel (1) (presenter), G. Attatahak (2), L. sampling, thermistor cable installation and datalogger Adjun(2), L. Papatsie(3), M.-A. Ducharme(4), S. programming. The field work is overseen by an elder and Coulombe(5), S.Bilodeau (1) and S.Gagnon(1) offers an opportunity for young adults to taste their interest (1) Centre d'études nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, in environmental studies for a potential career. The project QC also includes other activities: one day initiation courses in (2) Kugluk Territorial Park, Kugluktuk, NU basic permafrost science at the occasion of winter or fall (3) Nunavut Parks & Special Places, Department of meetings in conjunction with meetings of the Community Environment, Government of Nunavut, Iqaluit, NU. Joint Park Management Committee, public radio shows, (4) ArcticNet, Québec city an "initiation to permafrost" in children summer camps in (5) Polar Knowledge Canada, Cambridge Bay, NU the park and open community encounters at the occasion of "Park Day" in summer. Solutions adopted by the This project started in summer 2017 under the joint community and the park administration to solve the issue initiative of the Nunavut Parks & Special Places Service of the trails are: construction of a locally designed summer of the Department of Environment of Government of road on a minimal embankment to the park entrance by Nunavut and the Administration of Kugluk Territorial the hamlet and construction of a slightly raised boardwalk Park in the community of Kugluktuk. The park is a trail for ATVs over the tundra in the park. Both those valued heritage area and is an important part of the wider designs are inspired by local knowhow and are considered resource region of the community. As the ATV trails to and scientifically sound. Community members shall have within the park are experiencing significant damage due the control on monitoring permafrost temperatures and to disturbance of the vegetation cover, formation of mud overseeing the performance of the trails in the future. puddles, multiple landslides and intense gully erosion, a study was launched to obtain a better understanding of how permafrost conditions, climate warming and OBSERVER ENGAGEMENT UNDER CAFF'S landslides are involved in their degradation. This new ARCTIC MIGRATORY BIRDS INITIATIVE: knowledge is also intended to help find alternate routes and LEVERAGING THE ARCTIC COUNCIL TO locally design technical solutions to mitigate the impacts ENGAGE NON-ARCTIC STATES of the trails on the tundra, even considering the potential impact of permafrost thawing due to climate change. AMBI Steering Group: Syroechkovskiy, E. (1), Lanctot, Permafrost scientists from Centre d'études nordiques and R. (2), Auran, J-A. (3), Ekker, M. (3), Black, A. (4), Polar Knowledge Canada, with students, were invited to Crockford, N. (5), Mundkur, T. (6), Barry, T. (7), Price, C. apply their scientific expertise and provide some training to (7) (Presenter) , Marissink, M. (8) participants. The technologies they use are: interpretation (1) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, of satellite imagery, high-precision air photography with Moscow, Russian Federation 2 ASM2019 Abstracts Oral Presentations (2) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska, that the ESS was largely ice covered in summer up U.S.A. until a decade ago, a fact that now has changed with (3) Norwegian Environment Agency, Trondheim, Norway a warming Arctic. Waters of three different sources (4) Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, determines the hydrography: river runoff and water Canada from both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This fact (5) Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, BirdLife makes the western and eastern parts form two different International, Cambridge, U.K. domains. The eastern part has generally higher nutrient (6) Wetlands International, Wageningen, The Netherlands concentrations as governed by the Pacific source, but (7) Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna(CAFF) there is a distinct excess of phosphate relative to nitrate. International Secretariat, Akureyri, Iceland Consequently the latter restricts primary production (8) Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, even if it can be quite substantial. In this contribution Sweden we use data from the International Siberian Shelf Study in 2008 to assess the magnitude of primary production The Arctic Migratory Birds Initiative (AMBI), is in the eastern domain of the ESS. In a 300 km section a project of the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna from land towards the interior the conditions were (CAFF), the biodiversity working group of the Arctic typical of the time of investigation, early September. In Council. AMBI is designed to improve the conservation the warmer and less saline surface water, phosphate was status and secure the long-term sustainability of rapidly still present but lower than in the deeper waters, while declining Arctic-breeding migratory bird populations, nitrate was depleted. Carbon dioxide under-saturation and many of which are threatened from habitat alteration and oxygen supersaturation coincided with the low nutrient illegal killing on their staging and wintering grounds. concentrations. However, the oxygen showed a distinct With the growing threat of climate change impacts on maximum at about 20 m depth while the carbon dioxide the breeding potentially exacerbating existing threats, a partial pressure was quite constant in the upper 20-30 flyway-wide approach is needed to effectively conserve m. A correlation of phosphate with Apparent Oxygen species in decline. Recently, AMBI brought together Utilization (AOU) gave a slope significantly different experts from across the globe to develop a new phase from the classical Redfield-Ketchum-Richards (RKR) of work (2019-2023) that builds on the successes of ratio, indicating that several water masses where present. the past five years (2015-2019). Flyway work plans One obvious addition is freshwater from both river runoff in the Americas, Circumpolar, African-Eurasian and and sea ice melt, which produced the low salinity surface East Asian-Australasian Flyways were developed in water of ~10 m thickness. This in turn hampers the gas partnership with Arctic and non-Arctic States to address exchange and thus maintains the oxygen supersaturated priority conservation actions for priority species, where subsurface water. Using oxygen profiles together with actions are designed to bring added value to ongoing a hypothesized seasonal evolution we compute the new conservation programs, or to address issues that are primary production of the region to 15-20 gC/m2. If this currently underrepresented. This presentation will describe is taken as the annual production it is somewhat higher the collaborative effort under this project to engage Arctic than that computed from the C-deficit which gave a new Council Observer States in Europe and Asia to develop production of 10 C/m2/y (Anderson et al., Biogeosciences, complementary mechanisms, projects and actions to 2011). Multiplying the computed new primary production address flyway-level threats to migratory bird species in with the area of the Eastern ESS (500 000 km2) we get decline. a production of 7.5-10/1012 gC, which compares well with previous estimates, 10-15/1012 gC (Vetrov and Romankevich, Carbon cycle in the Russian Arctic seas, PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN THE EAST SIBERIAN Berlin, Springer Verlag, 331 p., 2004). SEA AS DEDUCED FROM HYDROGRAPHY Anderson, Leif G. (1) (Presenter) and A. Ulfsbo (1) (1) Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden The East Siberian Sea (ESS) is likely the least studied shelf seas of the Arctic Ocean even if it comprises a substantial biogeochemical activity. One reason is 3 ASM2019 Abstracts Oral Presentations THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY- to the towing direction. Quarter and wing sections are BASED MONITORING PROGRAM TO MONITOR know to roll to a lesser extent, increasing seabed impact CHANGING ANIMAL DISTRIBUTIONS, SHIPPING, and species mortality. In this study, we evaluated the ICE COVER AND OCEAN TEMPERATURE AND performance in terms of time to complete a rotation (TCR) SALINITY IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC of a bosom and quarter-wing roller rockhopper footgear sections in hard, mixed and soft seabed using self- Antipina, Marina (1), Jessica Winters (1), S. Carr (1), B. recording cameras. Our results showed that the footgear Martin (1,2), and D. Barclay (2) sections are rotating at extremely low rates, between (1) JASCO Applied Sciences(Canada) Ltd., Halifax NS 23.57 and 1587.63 seconds in TCR, when compared to the B3B 1Z1 estimated optimal footgear rotation (1.28 seconds). Results (2) Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, predicted a statistically significant 184% increase in TCR Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 as we move from the bosom to the quarter-wing section (p = 0.035). TCR in hard seabed ranged from 23.57 seconds With the changing climate amplified in the in the bosom to 43.38 seconds in the quarter-wing section, Arctic, there is a need to monitor and manage important while mixed (from 169.02 to 311.06 seconds) and soft traditional and ecological components in the environment. (from 862.64 to 1587.63 seconds) seabed types produced Marine mammals and fishes are important not only to the significantly longer TCR (p < 0.0001). This study provides Arctic ecosystem but also for subsistence of the Inuit.
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