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A new monograph exploring the archaeology of the origins, growth and transformation of Wallingford $000,000 Transforming Townscapes. From Burh to Borough: The Archaeology of Wallingford, AD 800-1400 This new Society for Medieval Archaeology monograph details the results of a major archaeological project, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council, based on and around the historic town of Wallingford in south Oxfordshire, England. Founded in the late Saxon period as a key defensive and administrative focus next to the Thames, the settlement also contained a substan- tial royal castle established shortly after the Norman Conquest. Excellent conditions of archaeological survival mean that Wallingford is an important case study for exploring urbanism in England between the early and late Middle Ages. This volume details both the project fieldwork (comprising excavations, test-pitting and exten- sive geophysical and other surveys), and data from developer-led interventions and other previ- The monograph publication of ously unpublished excavations in the town's historic core. It highlights in particular the strong community-led approach of the project, with a highly successful blend of academics, profession- the Wallingford Burh to Bor- al archaeologists and locals helping to bring much more of the town’s heritage to light. The vol- ough Research Project, 2008-10. ume traces the pre-town archaeology of Wallingford – from late Iron Age landscape to early Sax- By Neil Christie and on cemetery – and then analyses the town's physical and social evolution from Saxon burh to Oliver Creighton, with chartered borough, and assesses its defences, castle, churches, housing, markets, material cul- Matt Edgeworth and Helena ture, coinage, communications and hinterland. Core questions running through the volume re- Hamerow late to the roles of the river Thames and of royal power in shaping Wallingford's fortunes and identity and in explaining the town's severe and early decline. Transforming Townscapes. From Burh to Borough: The Archaeology of Wallingford, ad 800– 1400. By Neil Christie and Oliver Creighton, with Matt Edgeworth and Helena Hamerow, and many other contributors. Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph 35, London, 2013. 22x30cm. 490 pp, 30 colour pls, 315 b&w illus, hb. ISSN 0583-9106. ISBN 978-1-909662-09-4 Normal price: £45 Discount price (until 30 November 2013): £30 (plus £3.75 p&p) To order your copy/copies at discount price, please send a cheque for £33.75 per volume, payable to the ‘The Society for Medieval Archaeology’ to: Dr Neil Christie, School of Archaeol- ogy & Ancient History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. Please include your full postal address with your order. http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/archaeology/research/projects/wallingford .

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Early Medieval Oxfordshire
Anglo-Saxon Oxfordshire Sally Crawford and Anne Dodd, December 2007 1. Introduction: nature of the evidence, history of research and the role of material culture Anglo-Saxon Oxfordshire has been extremely well served by archaeological research, not least because of coincidence of Oxfordshire’s diverse underlying geology and the presence of the University of Oxford. Successive generations of geologists at Oxford studied and analysed the landscape of Oxfordshire, and in so doing, laid the foundations for the new discipline of archaeology. As early as 1677, geologist Robert Plot had published his The Natural History of Oxfordshire ; William Smith (1769- 1839), who was born in Churchill, Oxfordshire, determined the law of superposition of strata, and in so doing formulated the principles of stratigraphy used by archaeologists and geologists alike; and William Buckland (1784-1856) conducted experimental archaeology on mammoth bones, and recognised the first human prehistoric skeleton. Antiquarian interest in Oxfordshire lead to a number of significant discoveries: John Akerman and Stephen Stone's researches in the gravels at Standlake recorded Anglo-Saxon graves, and Stone also recognised and plotted cropmarks in his local area from the back of his horse (Akerman and Stone 1858; Stone 1859; Brown 1973). Although Oxford did not have an undergraduate degree in Archaeology until the 1990s, the Oxford University Archaeological Society, originally the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, was founded in the 1890s, and was responsible for a large number of small but significant excavations in and around Oxfordshire as well as providing a training ground for many British archaeologists. Pioneering work in aerial photography was carried out on the Oxfordshire gravels by Major Allen in the 1930s, and Edwin Thurlow Leeds, based at the Ashmolean Museum, carried out excavations at Sutton Courtenay, identifying Anglo-Saxon settlement in the 1920s, and at Abingdon, identifying a major early Anglo-Saxon cemetery (Leeds 1923, 1927, 1947; Leeds 1936).
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