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Adil Charkaoui Appelant C. Ministre De La Citoyenneté Et De L'immigration

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Adil Charkaoui Appelant C. Ministre De La Citoyenneté Et De L'immigration 350 CHARKAOUI v. CANada [2007] 1 S.C.R. Adil Charkaoui Appellant Adil Charkaoui Appelant v. c. Minister of Citizenship and Immigration and Ministre de la Citoyenneté et de Minister of Public Safety and Emergency l’Immigration et ministre de la Sécurité Preparedness Respondents publique et de la Protection civile Intimés and et Attorney General of Ontario, Amnesty Procureur général de l’Ontario, Amnistie International, British Columbia Civil internationale, British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, Canadian Bar Liberties Association, Association du Association, Canadian Civil Liberties Barreau canadien, Association canadienne Association, Canadian Council for Refugees, des libertés civiles, Conseil canadien pour African Canadian Legal Clinic, International les réfugiés, African Canadian Legal Clinic, Civil Liberties Monitoring Group, National Coalition pour la surveillance internationale Anti-Racism Council of Canada, Canadian des libertés civiles, National Anti-Racism Arab Federation, Canadian Council on Council of Canada, Fédération canado- American-Islamic Relations, Canadian arabe, Canadian Council on American- Muslim Civil Liberties Association, Criminal Islamic Relations, Canadian Muslim Civil Lawyers’ Association (Ontario), Federation Liberties Association, Criminal Lawyers’ of Law Societies of Canada, University of Association (Ontario), Fédération des ordres Toronto, Faculty of Law — International professionnels de juristes du Canada, Human Rights Clinic, and Human Rights University of Toronto, Faculty of Law — Watch Interveners International Human Rights Clinic et Human Rights Watch Intervenants - and - - et - Hassan Almrei Appellant Hassan Almrei Appelant v. c. Minister of Citizenship and Immigration and Ministre de la Citoyenneté et de Minister of Public Safety and Emergency l’Immigration et ministre de la Sécurité Preparedness Respondents publique et de la Protection civile Intimés and et Attorney General of Ontario, Amnesty Procureur général de l’Ontario, Amnistie International, British Columbia Civil internationale, British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, Canadian Bar Liberties Association, Association du Barreau Association, Canadian Civil Liberties canadien, Association canadienne des libertés Association, Canadian Council for Refugees, civiles, Conseil canadien pour les réfugiés, [2007] 1 R.C.S. CHARKAOUI c. CANada 351 African Canadian Legal Clinic, International African Canadian Legal Clinic, Coalition Civil Liberties Monitoring Group, National pour la surveillance internationale des Anti-Racism Council of Canada, Canadian libertés civiles, National Anti-Racism Council Council on American-Islamic Relations, of Canada, Canadian Council on American- Canadian Muslim Civil Liberties Association, Islamic Relations, Canadian Muslim Civil Criminal Lawyers’ Association (Ontario), Liberties Association, Criminal Lawyers’ Federation of Law Societies of Canada, Association (Ontario), Fédération des ordres University of Toronto, Faculty of Law — professionnels de juristes du Canada, International Human Rights Clinic, and University of Toronto, Faculty of Law — Human Rights Watch Interveners International Human Rights Clinic et Human Rights Watch Intervenants - and - - et - Mohamed Harkat Appellant Mohamed Harkat Appelant v. c. Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, Ministre de la Citoyenneté et de Minister of Public Safety and Emergency l’Immigration, ministre de la Sécurité Preparedness, and Attorney General of publique et de la Protection civile et Canada Respondents procureur général du Canada Intimés and et Attorney General of Ontario, Amnesty Procureur général de l’Ontario, Amnistie International, British Columbia Civil internationale, British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, Canadian Bar Liberties Association, Association du Barreau Association, Canadian Civil Liberties canadien, Association canadienne des libertés Association, Canadian Council for Refugees, civiles, Conseil canadien pour les réfugiés, African Canadian Legal Clinic, International African Canadian Legal Clinic, Coalition Civil Liberties Monitoring Group, National pour la surveillance internationale des Anti-Racism Council of Canada, Canadian libertés civiles, National Anti-Racism Council Council on American-Islamic Relations, of Canada, Canadian Council on American- Canadian Muslim Civil Liberties Association, Islamic Relations, Canadian Muslim Civil Criminal Lawyers’ Association (Ontario), Liberties Association, Criminal Lawyers’ Federation of Law Societies of Canada, Association (Ontario), Fédération des ordres University of Toronto, Faculty of Law — professionnels de juristes du Canada, International Human Rights Clinic, and University of Toronto, Faculty of Law — Human Rights Watch Interveners International Human Rights Clinic et Human Rights Watch Intervenants Indexed as: Charkaoui v. Canada (Citizenship Répertorié : Charkaoui c. Canada and Immigration) (Citoyenneté et Immigration) 352 CHARKAOUI v. CANada [2007] 1 S.C.R. Neutral citation: 2007 SCC 9. Référence neutre : 2007 CSC 9. File Nos.: 30762, 30929, 31178. Nos du greffe : 30762, 30929, 31178. 2006: June 13, 14, 15; 2007: February 23. 2006 : 13, 14, 15 juin; 2007 : 23 février. Present: McLachlin C.J. and Bastarache, Binnie, LeBel, Présents : La juge en chef McLachlin et les juges Deschamps, Fish, Abella, Charron and Rothstein JJ. Bastarache, Binnie, LeBel, Deschamps, Fish, Abella, Charron et Rothstein. on appeal from the federal court of en appel de la cour D’appel fédérale appeal Constitutional law — Charter of Rights — Right to Droit constitutionnel — Charte des droits — Droit à life, liberty and security of person — Fundamental jus- la vie, à la liberté et à la sécurité de la personne — Jus- tice — Fair hearing — Immigration — Removal — Per- tice fondamentale — Audition équitable — Immigration manent resident and foreign nationals detained following — Renvoi — Résident permanent et étrangers détenus issuance of certificates stating that they are inadmissi- à la suite de la délivrance de certificats attestant qu’ils ble to Canada on grounds of security — Judge reviewing sont interdits de territoire au Canada pour raison de reasonableness of certificate must ensure confidentiality sécurité — Juge saisi de l’examen du caractère raison- of information on which certificate is based if disclosure nable du certificat tenu de garantir la confidentialité des would be injurious to national security — Named per- renseignements justifiant le certificat dont la divulgation sons in certificates denied opportunity to known case porterait atteinte à la sécurité nationale — Personnes put against them — Whether named persons deprived désignées dans les certificats privées de la possibilité of their right to life, liberty and security of person in de connaître la preuve pesant contre elles — L’atteinte accordance with principles of fundamental justice — If portée au droit à la vie, à la liberté et à la sécurité des not, whether limit imposed on named persons’ consti- personnes désignées est-elle conforme aux principes tutional right justifiable — Canadian Charter of Rights de justice fondamentale? — Si non, l’atteinte au droit and Freedoms, ss. 1, 7. constitutionnel des personnes désignées est-elle justi- fiée? — Charte canadienne des droits et libertés, art. 1, 7. Constitutional law — Charter of Rights — Arbi- Droit constitutionnel — Charte des droits — Déten- trary detention — Right to prompt review of detention tion arbitraire — Droit de faire contrôler promptement — Immigration — Removal — Detention of foreign la légalité de la détention — Immigration — Renvoi — nationals automatic upon issuance of certificate stating Détention automatique des étrangers dès la délivrance they are inadmissible to Canada on grounds of security d’un certificat attestant qu’ils sont interdits de territoire — Whether detention without warrant or lack of review au Canada pour raison de sécurité — La mise en déten- of detention until 120 days after reasonableness of cer- tion sans mandat ou l’absence de contrôle de la détention tificate judicially confirmed infringes guarantee against pendant 120 jours suivant la confirmation judiciaire du arbitrary detention — If so, whether infringement justi- caractère raisonnable du certificat violent-elles le droit fied — Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, ss. 1, à la protection contre la détention arbitraire? — Dans 9, 10(c). l’affirmative, cette violation est-elle justifiée? — Charte canadienne des droits et libertés, art. 1, 9, 10c). Constitutional law — Charter of Rights — Cruel and Droit constitutionnel — Charte des droits — Traite- unusual treatment — Fundamental justice — Immigra- ment cruel et inusité — Justice fondamentale — Immi- tion — Extended period of detention pending removal gration — Période de détention prolongée en attente du — Permanent resident and foreign nationals detained renvoi — Résident permanent et étrangers détenus à la following issuance of certificates stating that they are suite de la délivrance de certificats attestant qu’ils sont inadmissible to Canada on grounds of security — Immi- interdits de territoire au Canada pour raison de sécurité gration legislation permitting lengthy and indeterminate — Loi sur l’immigration permettant la détention prolon- detention or lengthy periods subject to onerous release gée ou pour une durée indéterminée et l’assujettissement conditions — Whether legislation constitutes cruel and à de sévères conditions de mise en liberté pendant une [2007] 1 R.C.S. CHARKAOUI c. CANada 353 unusual treatment
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