Check List 10(5): 1104–1109, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of lists and distribution pecies S

of and (Insecta: ) of * ists L Chhattisgarh,

Prosenjit Dawn and Kailash Chandra [email protected] Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhavan, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700053, West Bengal, India. * Corresponding author. E-mail:

Abstract: Cyclogomphus heterostylus Macrogomphus seductus The presentZygonyx study on iris the iris Odonata (Insecta) of Chhattisgarh, India, documents eighty-five species including thirteen new records to the state. Three species — Selys, 1854, Fraser, 1926 () and Selys, 1869 () — are recorded for the first time from central India. The paper discusses the geographical and habitat-wise distribution of Odonata of Chhattisgarh.

DOI: 10.15560/10.5.1104

Introduction Survey were conducted seasonally mainly in pre-monsoon (January to May) and monsoon (June to September).

The order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies), handpicking. Collected specimens were killed by gently comprising three suborders Anisoptera, Anisozygoptera pressingSpecimens the were thorax collected and kept using dry butterfly in net envelope and by recordedand Zygoptera representing are one of8% ancient of the group world of knownInsects. speciesWithin India, 463 species belonging to 140 genera have been collected specimens were examined under Leica EZ4 HD and very important biocontrol agents for insect pests Binocularand processed Microscope for preservation and Leica Stereo and identification. Zoom Microscope The (Subramanian 2009). The larvae and adults are predatory shown that they are good indicators of ecosystem health and(Khaliq ideal 2002). surrogate Moreover, taxa studies for identifying across the worldfreshwater have (Leica M205A). Smaller specimens were biodiversity hotspots for conservation (Hart et al. examined and kept in 70% ethanol after identification. depositedSpecies were in National identified Zoological following Collections keys of Fraser of Zoological (1933, 2014). 1934, 1936) and Mitra (2002). Identified specimens were Odonata diversity is quite known from the Central India; however the information on protected areas Survey of India, Kolkata. and protected districts of areas Chhattisgarh in different was seasons scanty. to This assess survey the was carried out from 2011–2013 in different districts

Odonata diversity of this state. Previous studies on fromOdonate which fauna Chhattisgarh of this state was were carved partly out done in 2000. along Mitra with few protected areas and districts of Madhya Pradesh

(1995) recorded 22 species of Odonata from Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar. Prasad (1996) reported 66 species of Odonates from Bastar district. Mishra (2007) documented 70 species from Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh which was updated to 106 species recently (Tiple and Chandra, 2013). This present paper deals areaswith theof Chhattisgarh. Odonata specimens collected, observed and studied during survey of few Districts and Protected Materials and Methods

The present study was carried out in connection with the projects entitled “Faunal Diversity of Protected Areas of Chhattisgarh” and “District-Wise Faunal Diversity of Chhattisgarh” funded by Chhattisgarh, CAMPA, Govt. of India. The survey was done through extensive collection of Odonata specimens, direct observation and photographic Figure 1. Map of Chhattisgarh showing the study area. record in 8 districts and 6 protected areas (Table 1) of Chhattisgarh from June, 2011 to May, 2013 (Figure 1). 1104 Dawn and Chandra | Odonates of Chhattisgarh, India

Table 1.

StudySTUDY Area AREA with Forest Cover,DISTRICT Average annual TemperatureANNUAL and AnnualAVERAGE Rainfall (Nag, 2007). DAILY RAINFALL (mm) PROTECTED FOREST COVER RAINFALL ANNUAL MAX. (JULY TO MIN.(JAN TO DISTRICTS 2 AREAS (km ) (mm) TEMPERATURE (°C) SEPT) MAR) Bastar >27 Bilaspur 400 — 7112.3 1398.2 350 6 to 10 Durg 400 AWLS 2987.5 1130.3 25–27 12 Jashpur >400 20 — 863.2 1757.2 25–27 10 400 BDWLS 2752.3 1544.4 23–25 >400 Kabirdham BHWLS 1852.2 935 25–27 12 >400 Korba — 4187.3 2091 23–25 12 400 Koriya GGNP 3529.3 1376.7 23–25 >18 Surguja >400 Raipur BRWLS 4412.7 977.5 25–27 12 TPWLS 8654.9 1531.6 23–25 >18 apicalis Abbreviation used are: AWLS, Achanakmar Wildlife seenSelys, to 1891, concentrate and calopterygids, near the small namely waterholes and small Sanctuary; BDWLS, Badalkhol Wildlife Sanctuary; BHWLS, Selys, 1873 and (Rambur, 1842), were Bhoramdev Wildlife Sanctuary; BRWLS, Barnawapara Rhinocypha bisignata Hagen in Wildlife Sanctuary; GGNP, Guru Ghasidas National Park; rocky streams insideLibellago forests. lineata Few individuals of family ResultsTPWLS, Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary. , namely Selys, 1853 and (Burmeister, 1839), were also found near rocky streams. The list of species reported The present study conducted in 8 districts and 6 from different habitats such as grassland and paddy fields protected areas of Chhattisgarh, revealed the identification near water bodies (I), Ponds and swamps of villages (II), of 68 Odonata species belonging to 44 genera and 10 Deep forests (III), Waterholes inside forest (IV), rocky and families, amongviz., whichCyclogomphus 13 species heterostylus representing 12 genera andshaded adult forest stages streams in the (V)remote and rockyareas riverbedsin the forests (VI) and are areMacrogomphus newly recorded seductus from the state (Table 3) including rockyincluded streams in the may Table enrich 2. Further the species study list. of both the larval 3Zygonyx species, iris iris Selys, 1854, Fraser, 1926 (Gomphidae) and Selys, 1869 (Libellulidae) new records to the Central India. This study resulted in listing the Odonata fauna of this state represented by 85 species speciesbelonging family to 49 Libellulidae genera and 10is familiesmost dominant (Table 2) in which number are more than 18% of the Indian fauna. Among the recorded

Amonghaving 35the individuals districts surveyed and least Bastar are the hosts the maximum and with only one species each (Figure 2). number of species studied, followed by Surguja and Kabirdham and least number of species were studied from DiscussionJashpur and Raipur (Figure 3). Figure 2.

Chhattisgarh is the most forested state of India having Chart showing number of Odonata species from different 44% land under forest cover. There are four major forest families identified during the study. types, namely Tropical Moist Deciduous, Tropical Dry Deciduous, Tropical Thorn and Subtropical Broadleaf Hill mostForests. important Forests areforest largely formations distributed of the in State the north (Nag 2007).and in the southern parts of the State. Teak and Sal are the two

During monsoon the odonates were abundant in flooded numbercrop-fields, of wetlands grasslands dry and up except swamps, for buta few as large most ponds part andof the streams. state endures Libellulidae a very and hot summer, crop-fields were most and abundant families to be found in almost every habitat. umbrinus Lestes viridulus Good populations of Selys, 1891 vittata and Rambur, 1842 (both family ) were seen in grasslands beside water bodies; Selys, 1863 and (Rambur, 1842) (both family Figure 3. Chart showing number of species recorded from different immaculifronsPlatycnemididae) were mainly found Gynacantha near shaded byadera forest districts and protected areas of Chhattisgarh. streams. In the dry summer, few aeshnids, namely Rambur, 1842 and 1105 Dawn and Chandra | Odonates of Chhattisgarh, India

Table 2. beside the species indicate the respective literatures.). List of Odonata recorded from Chhattisgarh (+ indicates species reported herein; * indicates species recorded from literature and the citations DISTRICTS PROTECTED AREAS

HABITAT TYPE HABITAT KABIRDHAM KORBA KORIYA RAIPUR SURGUJA AWLS BDWLS BRWLSW BHWLS GGNP TPWLS TAXON BASTAR BILASPUR DURG JASHPUR Order Odonata Suborder Anisoptera Family jaspidea Anax guttatus (Burmeister, 1839) + I Anax immaculifrons (Burmeister, 1839) + + + + + + + + + + + II Gynacantha bayadera Rambur, 1842 + + + + + IV Hemianax ephippiger Selys, 1891 + + + IV Family Gomphidae (Burmeister, 1839) + I Cyclogomphus heterostylus Cyclogomphus ypsilon Selys, 1854 + I Ictinogomphus rapax Selys, 1854 + + I Macrogomphus seductus (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + II Microgomphus torquatus Fraser, 1926 + III lineatus (Selys, 1854) + III Family Libellulidae (Selys, 1850) + + + + + + + I Acisoma panorpoides Brachydiplax sobrina Rambur, 1842 + + + + + + + + + + + + + I Brachythemis contaminata (Rambur, 1842)* + Prasad, 1996 Bradinopyga geminata (Fabricius, 1793) + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Camacina gigantea (Rambur, 1842) + + + VI lineata (Brauer, 1867) + + + III Crocothemis servilia Foerster, 1903 + + + + + I, II lefebvrii (Drury, 1770) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Diplacodes nebulosa (Rambur, 1842) + + + II Diplacodes trivialis (Fabricius, 1793) + + I Indothemis limbata ( Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Lathrecista asiatica (Selys, 1891)* + Mitra, 1995; Prasad, 1996 Neurothemis fulvia (Fabricius, 1798) + + + + + III Neurothemis intermedia (Drury, 1773) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + III Neurothemis tullia (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + V Orthetrum glaucum (Drury, 1773) + + + + I, II Orthetrum luzonicum (Brauer, 1865) + + + + + + + III, V Orthetrum pruinosum (Brauer, 1868) + + + + + + + + + I, V (Burmeister, 1839 ) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Orthetrum sabina I, II, V Orthetrum taeniolatum (Drury, 1770) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + sexmaculata (Schneider, 1845) + + + + + + + + VI Pantala flavescens (Fabricius, 1787) + + + II Potamarcha congener (Fabricius, 1798) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Rhyothemis variegata (Rambur, 1842) + + + I, II Tholymis tillarga (Linnaeus, 1763) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II basilaris (Fabricius, 1798) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II, V Tramia limbata (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805) + + + + + + + + + + + + + II Tramea virginia (Desjardins, 1832) + + II Trithemis aurora (Rambur, 1842)* + Prasad, 1996 Trithimis festiva (Burmeister, 1839) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Trithemis kirbyi (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + + + + + + V, VI Trithemis pallidinervis Selys, 1891* + Prasad, 1996 signata (Kirby, 1889) + + + + + + + I, II iris iris (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + I Zyxomma petiolatum Selys, 1869 + + I, III Family Macromiidae Rambur, 1842 + + + + I, II

Suborder Zygoptera cingulata Rambur, 1842 + + + + V Family Neurobasis chinensis Vestalaria smaragdina (Linnaeus, 1758) + + IV (Selys, 1879)* + Mitra, 1995; Prasad, 1996 Vestalis gracilis Selys, 1873 + + + + + + + + + IV (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + IV

1106 Dawn and Chandra | Odonates of Chhattisgarh, India

Table 2. + List of Odonata recorded from Chhattisgarh ( indicates speciesDISTRICTS reported herein; * indicates species recordedPROTECTED from literature). AREAS

HABITAT TYPE HABITAT KABIRDHAM KORBA KORIYA RAIPUR SURGUJA AWLS BDWLS BRWLSW BHWLS GGNP TPWLS TAXON BASTAR BILASPUR DURG JASHPUR Family Chlorocyphidae Rhinocypha bisignata Hagen in Rhinocypha trifasciata Selys, 1853 + + V lineata (Selys, 1853)* + Prasad, 1996 Family Coenagrionidae (Burmeister, 1839) + + + IV hisopa Aciagrion occidentale (Selys, 1876)* + Mitra, 1995; Prasad, 1996 Aciagrion pallidum Laidlaw, 1919* + Prasad, 1996 dabreui Selys, 1891* + Mitra, 1995; Prasad, 1996 Agriocnemis lacteola Fraser, 1919* + Mitra, 1995; Prasad, 1996 Agriocnemis pieris Selys, 1877 + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Agriocnemis pygmaea Laidlaw, 1919* + Prasad, 1996 Agriocnemis splendidissima (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Ceriagrion coromandelianum Laidlaw, 1919 + + + + + + I, II Ceriagrion olivaceum (Fabricius, 1798) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Ceriagrion rubiae Laidlaw, 1914* + Prasad, 1996 Enallagma parvum Laidlaw, 1916 + + + I, II, IV Ischnura aurora Selys, 1876 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Ischnura rufostigma (Brauer, 1865) + + + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Ischnura senegalensis Selys, 1876 + + I, II malayanum (Rambur, 1842) + + + I, II Onychargia atrocyana (Selys, 1876)* + Mishra, 2007 australasiae (Selys, 1865) + + + + II Pseudagrion decorum Selys, 1876* + Prasad, 1996 Pseudagrion hypermelas (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + + + + I, II, V Pseudagrion microcephalum Selys, 1876* + Prasad, 1996 Pseudagrion rubiceps (Rambur, 1842) + + + I, II Rhodischnura nursei (Selys, 1876) + + + + + + + + + + + I, II Family Lestidae (Morton, 1907) + + I, II Lestes elatus Hagen in Lestes praemorsus Hagen in Selys, 1862* + Prasad, 1996 Lestes thoracicus Selys, 1862 + IV Lestes umbrinus Laidlaw, 1920* + Prasad, 1996 Lestes viridulus Selys, 1891 + + + + + + I Family Rambur, 1842 + + + + + + + + I Copera marginipes (Rambur, 1842) + + + + + + + V Family Protoneuridae Selys, 1863 + + + + + + + + + V Disparoneura quadrimaculata V, VI (Rambur, 1842) + + Literature Cited (ed.). Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve. Fauna of Conservation Areas The Canadian Mitra, T.R. 1995. Insecta: Odonata; pp. 31–34, in: The Director Catling,Field–Naturalist P. M. 2005. A potential for the use of (Odonata) diversity . No. 6. as a bio-indicator of the efficiency). of sewage lagoons. Kolkata: ZoologicalMemoirs Survey of the of ZoologicalIndia. Survey of India Fauna 119(2): of British 233–236 India, (http://canadianfieldnaturalist.ca Odonata / Mitra, T.R. 2002.State Geographical Atlas of Chhattisgarh. distribution of Odonata (Insecta) of index.php/cfn/article/view/111 eastern India. 19(1): 1–208. Fraser, F.C. 1933. Fauna of British India, Odonata 1. London: Taylor and Nag, P. 2007. Kolkata: National Atlas and Francis. 423 pp. Thematic Mapping Organisation, Department of Science and Fraser, F.C. 1934. Fauna of British India, Odonata 2. London: Taylor and Technology,Records Government of the Zoological of India. Survey 39 pp. of India+ 34 pl. Francis. 398 pp. Prasad, M. 1996. Studies on Athe Checklist Odonata offauna Odonata of Bastar, of IndiaMadhya. Zoological Pradesh, Fraser, F.C. 1936. 3. London: Taylor and India. 95: 165–213. Francis. 461 pp. Subramanian, K.A. 2009. Hart, L.A., M.B. Bowker, W. Tarboton and C.T. Downs. 2014. Species Survey of India, Accessible at http://zsi.gov.in/checklist/Odonata_ associatedcomposition, conservation distribution implications. and habitat PLoS types ONE of Odonata in the Indica_151209.pdf. Captured on 15 July 2012. iSimangaliso Wetland Park, KwaZulu-Natal,) South Africa and the Tiple,Journal A. and Care4Nature K. Chandra. 2013. Dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta, 9(3): e92588 (doi: Odonata) of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh states, central India. 10.1371/journal.pone.0092588 Current Trends in 1(1): 1–10. Khaliq,Odonatology A. 2002. Potential of dragonflies as bio-control agents of insect pest of rice; pp. 1–26, in: Kumar, A. (ed.). (ed.). Fauna of Madhya. Delhi: PradeshDaya Publishing (Including House. Chhattisgarh) Received: September 2013 Mishra, S.K. 2007. Insecta: Odonata; pp. 245–272, in: The Director Accepted: September 2014 . State Fauna Published online: October 2014 Series, 15(1). Kolkata: Zoological Survey of India. Editorial responsibility: Rodolfo Mariano

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Table 3 COLLECTION/ VOUCHER . Odonata species reported new to the fauna of ChhattisgarhLATITUDE, (* indicates LONGITUDE new records & ALTITUDEto Central India). SPECIES DISTRICT LOCATION OBSERVATION FIGURE SPECIMEN REG. ALTITUDE (m) (m) DATE NO. Anaciaeshna jaspidea Surguja House Mainpat, Forest Rest 22°49′03.8″ N, 83°17′06.7″ E 1137 12.ix.2012 Figure 4A 4980/H13 Cyclogomphus Bastar 550 heterostylus* beat Cyclogomphus ypsilon Surguja Jagdalpur, Dharmpur 19°06′01.9″ N, 81°59′02″ E 24.vi.2012 Figure 4B 4912/H13

Macrogomphus seductus* Bastar Mainpat, Stream Near 22°49′08″ N, 83°17′15″ E 1060 12.ix.2012 Figure 4J 4913/H13 Forest Rest House Microgomphus torquatus Bastar Jagdalpur, Tirathgarh 18°54′47″ N, 81°51′58″ E 555604 25.vii.2012 Figure 4K 4914/H13 FRH Tramea limbata Jagdalpur, Titirgaon 19°07′22″ N, 81°58′03.8″ E 20.vi.2012 — 4915/H13 iris* Jashpur 577 Raipur DegiBarnawapara Nala WLS camp 21°24′00″ N, 82°25′11″ E 322 1.x.2011 Figure 4C 4916/H13 Neurobasis chinensis Jashpur Badalkhol WLS, Dega 22°56′17″ N, 83°44′49″ E 577 27.v.2012 Figure 4L 4917/H13 Degi Nala Vestalis apicalis Badalkhol WLS, Dega 22°56′17″ N, 83°44′49″ E 27.v.2012 Figure 4D Field photograph Rhinocypha bisignata Surguja Kabirdham Rengakhar, Deodonga 22°01′27″ N, 80°58′34″ E 751 7.vi.2012 Figure 4E 4981/H13 Ceriagrion rubiae Surguja Tamor-Pingla WLS, 23°38′30″ N, 82°59′07.3″ E 556 15.v.2013 Figure 4F 4919/H13 Ramkola, Debijhariya Lestes praemorsus Mainpat, Stream Near 22°49’08″ N, 83°17′15″ E 1060 12.ix.2012 Figure 4G Field photograph Forest Rest House Copera vittata Surguja Kabirdham Rengakhar, Deodonga 22°01′27″ N, 80°58′34″ E 751 7.vi.2012 Figure 4H Field photograph Tamor-Pingla WLS, 23°38′30″ N, 82°59′07.3″ E 556 15.v.2013 Figure 4I 4918/H13 Ramkola, Debijhariya

1108 Dawn and Chandra | Odonates of Chhattisgarh, India

Figure 4. (Burmeister) (♂ Cyclogomphus ypsilon Selys (♂ Tramia limbata (Desjardins) (♀ Neurobasis chinensis (Linnaeus) (♂ Vestalis apicalis Selys (♀ Rhinocypha bisignata Hagen in SelysOdonates (♂ newlyCeriagrion recorded rubiae from Laidlaw Chhattisgarh. (♂ LestesA. praemorsus Hagen in Selys (♂ Copera); B. vittata Selys (♂ ); C. Cyclogomphus); D.heterostylus Selys (♂ ); E. Macrogomphus); F. seductus (♂ ); G. Zygonyx iris iris Selys ();♂ ).H. ); I. ); J. Dorsal view of Anal appendages, ); K. Dorsal view of Anal appendages, Fraser ); L. Side view of Genitalia,

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