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Segment Structure of the Southern Strand of the North Anatolian Fault System and Paleoseismic Behaviour of the Gemlik Fault, NW Anatolia
Segment Structure of the Southern Strand of the North Anatolian Fault System and Paleoseismic Behaviour of the Gemlik Fault, NW Anatolia Selim Özalp, Ömer Emre and Ahmet Doğan General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA), Department of Geological Research 06520, Ankara, Turkey The North Anatolian Fault System (NAFS) is a transform fault that accommodates relative motion between Anatolian and Black Sea microplates. The NAFS bifurcates two strands as the Northern and the Southern in the Marmara region. Recent lateral motion is about 24 mm/yr along the NAFS. According to the recent GPS data, there is a slip partitioning between both strands and the northern strand carries approximately 3 times as much right-lateral motion as does the southern strand. Therefore we interpret that the northern strand is the master zone which accommodate majority of the recent lateral motion. In this study, the southern strand is extending between Dokurcun valley and Bandırma bay is evaluated as a splay instead of a main strand diverging from the NAFS as described in previous studies. This splay is included in NW Anatolia transition zone which characterizes bend structures. Length of the southern strand is about 140 km between Dokurcun valley and Gemlik bay along Pamukova basin, Lake İznik and Gemlik Bay depressions. The strand can be divided into three main geometric segments in right steeping pattern. Those are Geyve, İznik and Gemlik, from east to west. Length of the Geyve Fault is about 57 km and general trend is N70°E. The İznik Fault is about 56 km-long trending of N75°E. -
Sustainability Versus Development: Mudanya's War of Survival As a Liveable City
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Ozcan, Zuhal; Gultekin, Nevin Turgut; Dundar, Ozlem Conference Paper Sustainability versus development: Mudanya's war of survival as a liveable city 38th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Europe Quo Vadis? - Regional Questions at the Turn of the Century", 28 August - 1 September 1998, Vienna, Austria Provided in Cooperation with: European Regional Science Association (ERSA) Suggested Citation: Ozcan, Zuhal; Gultekin, Nevin Turgut; Dundar, Ozlem (1998) : Sustainability versus development: Mudanya's war of survival as a liveable city, 38th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Europe Quo Vadis? - Regional Questions at the Turn of the Century", 28 August - 1 September 1998, Vienna, Austria, European Regional Science Association (ERSA), Louvain-la-Neuve This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/113384 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. -
Digenetic Trematodes of Some Teleost Fish Off the Mudanya Coast (Sea of Marmara, Turkey)
©2006 Parasitological Institute of SAS, Košice DOI 10.2478/s11687-006-0030-0 HELMINTHOLOGIA, 43, 3: 161 – 167, SEPTEMBER 2006 Digenetic trematodes of some teleost fish off the Mudanya Coast (Sea of Marmara, Turkey) M. C. OGUZ1, R. A. BRAY 2 1Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Art, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; 2Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK Summary ........... A total of 200 fishes belonging to nine species were samp- 1990 to May 1993, between 6 and 28 specimens of 9 fish led from the Sea of Marmara. Thirteen trematode species species were collected. The fish were placed in plastic were recorded in the intestine of these hosts: Helicometra containers containing sea water and then transferred the fasciata and Diphterostomum brusinae in Zosterisessor research laboratory. They were kept in the tanks until exa- ophiocephalus; Monascus filiformis in Trachurus trachu- mination within 24 hours of collection. Methods adapted rus; Dicrogaster purpusilla, Schikhobalotrema sparisomae and utilised for the helminthological necropsy, and later for and Sacccocoelium obesum in Liza saliens; Macvicaria the analysis, were routine techniques (Pritchard & Kruse, alacris, H. fasciata and Gaevskajatrema perezi in Sympho- 1982). All possible sites of infection were examined for the dus tinca; Anisocladium fallax and A. capitellum in Ura- occurrence of parasites with the aid of a stereo microscope noscopus scaber; Stephanostomum caducum in Merluccius with ×12 and ×50 magnifications. The parasites were fixed merluccius; Bucephalus marinus, Stephanostomum gai- with AFA, and then stained with Mayer’s carmalum. Data dropsari and H. -
The American Protestant Missionary Network in Ottoman Turkey, 1876-1914
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 4, No. 6(1); April 2014 The American Protestant Missionary Network in Ottoman Turkey, 1876-1914 Devrim Ümit PhD Assistant Professor Founding and Former Chair Department of International Relations Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Karabuk University Turkey Abstract American missionaries have long been the missing link in the study of the late Ottoman period despite the fact that they left their permanent trade in American as well as Western conceptions of the period such as “Terrible Turk” and “Red Sultan” just to name a few. From the landing of the first two American Protestant missionaries, Levi Parsons and Pliny Fisk, on the Ottoman Empire, as a matter of fact on the Near East, in early 1820, until the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, American missionaries occupied the increasing attention of the Ottoman bureaucracy in domestic and foreign affairs while the mission work in the Ottoman Empire established the largest investment of the American Board of Commissionaries for Foreign Missions (A.B.C.F.M.) in the world, even above China and India, on the eve of the war. The bulk of the correspondence of the Ottoman Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the period was with the United States and this was chiefly concerned about the American mission schools. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the encounter between the Ottoman officialdom and the American Protestant missionaries in Ottoman Turkey during the successive regimes of Sultan Abdülhamid II and the Committee of Union and Progress, the Unionists in the period of 1876-1914. -
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Ulud. Uniu. Zir. Fak. Derg. , (1986) 5: 19-26 GENERAL ASPECT OF HORTICULTURE IN BURSA Atilla ERİŞ* Vedat ŞEN1Z * * Arif SOYLU*** SUM MARY Bursa has a special place in Turkey from the horticultural point of uiew. Fruit species such as oliue, peach, grcıp e , apple, plum, pear, cherry, walnut, chest niıt, fig, strawberry and quince and almost all summer and w in ter uegetable specieı that haue important additiues to total production of Turkey are grown in this uicinity extensiuely. Vegetable species such as tomato, bean, pepper and pea whiciı especially processedin industry, and o nion are produced much than others. In this study, current aspect of horticulture in Bursa prouince was identi{ied; and its economic dimensions and technical problems were explained. ÖZET bursa 'da Bahçe Bitkileri Tanınının Genel Durumu Bahçe bitkileri yetiştiriciliğ i açısından Bursa 'nın Türkiye 'de özel bir yeri uar dır. Yörede Türkiye toplam üretimine önemli katkıları olan zeytin, şeftali, üzüm, elmd, erik, armut, kiraz, ceuiz, k eıtan e , incir, çilek ue ayua gibi meyue türleri ile he men hemen tüm yazlık ue kışlık sebze türleri çok yaygın olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Sebzelerden bilha11a sanayide çok iş lene n domates, fasulye, biber, bezelye gibi türler ile soğan · diğ erlerinde n daha da fazla üretilmektedir. Bu çalış mada bahçe bitkilerinin Bursa y ö reıind eki m eucut durumu tan ı tıl mış , ekonomik boyutları ue belirlenen sorunları açıklanmı ş tır. INTRODUCTION It is seldom to find regions which are suitable to horticulture at various alti tutes from sea level up to 2.000 m in the world. Bursa has an important place among these regions having about 1.104.301 ha agricultural area according to the recent statistics (Anonymous 1983 c). -
1768-1830S a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate
A PLAGUE ON BOTH HOUSES?: POPULATION MOVEMENTS AND THE SPREAD OF DISEASE ACROSS THE OTTOMAN-RUSSIAN BLACK SEA FRONTIER, 1768-1830S A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Andrew Robarts, M.S.F.S. Washington, DC December 17, 2010 Copyright 2010 by Andrew Robarts All Rights Reserved ii A PLAGUE ON BOTH HOUSES?: POPULATION MOVEMENTS AND THE SPREAD OF DISEASE ACROSS THE OTTOMAN-RUSSIAN BLACK SEA FRONTIER, 1768-1830S Andrew Robarts, M.S.F.S. Dissertation Advisor: Catherine Evtuhov, Ph. D. ABSTRACT Based upon a reading of Ottoman, Russian, and Bulgarian archival documents, this dissertation examines the response by the Ottoman and Russian states to the accelerated pace of migration and spread of disease in the Black Sea region from the outbreak of the Russo-Ottoman War of 1768-1774 to the signing of the Treaty of Hünkar Iskelesi in 1833. Building upon introductory chapters on the Russian-Ottoman Black Sea frontier and a case study of Bulgarian population movements between the Russian and Ottoman Empires, this dissertation analyzes Russian and Ottoman migration and settlement policies, the spread of epidemic diseases (plague and cholera) in the Black Sea region, the construction of quarantines and the implementation of travel document regimes. The role and position of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia as the “middle ground” between the Ottoman and Russian Empires -
Stratejik Planı İndirin
2015 - 2019 YILI STRATEJİK PLANI ve PERFORMANS PROGRAMI 1 BAŞKAN’IN SUNUŞU Karacabey Belediye Meclisi’nin değerli üyeleri; Tarımı, Ovası, Ticaret ve Sanayisi, denizi, tarihi ve kültürü ile birçok şehirden daha güzel imkânlara sahip olan Karacabey’imiz Türkiye’nin nadide bir ilçesidir. Bu Yeni dönemde siz değerli meclis üyelerimiz ile beraber Karacabey’e hizmet etmenin onurunu birlikte yaşayacağız. Değerli Arkadaşlar; Karacabey için bu dönemde tüm projelerimizi halkımızla, sivil toplum örgütleri ile istişare ederek gerçekleştirmek ana hedefimiz olacaktır. Birlikte gerçekleştirilen projelerin daha doğru ve faydalı olacağına yürekten inanıyorum. Bir elin nesi var iki elin sesi var atasözünde anlatıldığı gibi birlik ve beraberlik içerisinde Karacabey’imizi daha güzel, daha yaşanabilir ve daha konforlu bir kent haline getireceğimize inancım tamdır. Değerli Meclis Üyelerimiz bu stratejik planı hazırlarken toplumun her kesimi ile buluştuk. Herkesin fikrini sorduk, önerisini dinledik. Muhtarlardan, sivil toplum kuruluşlarına, meslek odalarından üniversiteye kadar herkesle görüştük. “Karacabey’in durumu nedir?”, “Nasıl bir Karacabey istiyoruz?” ve “Bunları nasıl yapacağız?” sorularına cevap aradık. Belediyemizin kurumsal yapısının geliştirilmesi, mali yapının güçlendirilmesi, tarihi ve kültürel mirasın korunması, denetimler, sosyal hizmetler, ulaşım ve trafik sorunları, imar ve planlamalar ile ilgili çalışmalar yaptık. Yıllık hedeflerimizi ve bütçe programlarını belirledik. Katılımcı yönetim anlayışı ile hazırladığımız bu plan ile kendimize beş -
Turkey 2020 Human Rights Report
TURKEY 2020 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Turkey is a constitutional republic with an executive presidential system and a unicameral 600-seat parliament (the Grand National Assembly). In presidential and parliamentary elections in 2018, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe observers expressed concern regarding restrictions on media reporting and the campaign environment, including the jailing of a presidential candidate that restricted the ability of opposition candidates to compete on an equal basis and campaign freely. The National Police and Jandarma, under the control of the Ministry of Interior, are responsible for security in urban areas and rural and border areas, respectively. The military has overall responsibility for border control and external security. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over law enforcement officials, but mechanisms to investigate and punish abuse and corruption remained inadequate. Members of the security forces committed some abuses. Under broad antiterror legislation passed in 2018 the government continued to restrict fundamental freedoms and compromised the rule of law. Since the 2016 coup attempt, authorities have dismissed or suspended more than 60,000 police and military personnel and approximately 125,000 civil servants, dismissed one-third of the judiciary, arrested or imprisoned more than 90,000 citizens, and closed more than 1,500 nongovernmental organizations on terrorism-related grounds, primarily for alleged ties to the movement of cleric Fethullah Gulen, whom the government accused of masterminding the coup attempt and designated as the leader of the “Fethullah Terrorist Organization.” Significant human rights issues included: reports of arbitrary killings; suspicious deaths of persons in custody; forced disappearances; torture; arbitrary arrest and continued detention of tens of thousands of persons, including opposition politicians and former members of parliament, lawyers, journalists, human rights activists, and employees of the U.S. -
Bursa, Turkey
International Journal of Development and Sustainability ISSN: 2186-8662 – www.isdsnet.com/ijds Volume 6 Number 12 (2017): Pages 1931-1945 ISDS Article ID: IJDS17092105 Urban sustainability and traditional neighborhoods, a case study: Bursa, Turkey Arzu Ispalar Çahantimur *, Rengin Beceren Öztürk, Gözde Kırlı Özer Uludag University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Bursa, Turkey Abstract The objective of the present study was to focus on the urban sustainability potential and traditional residential areas of historical cities based on the compact city concept. The study includes four sections. In the introduction, the important role that the cities play in sustainability was discussed with an emphasis on the significance of traditional housing areas in urban sustainability. In the second section, whether the compact city form is suitable for historic urban quarters was investigated with an empirical study conducted in Bursa, Turkey. In the study, home and home environment were considered as a transactional whole, which defines and defined by a set of cultural, social, and psychological factors, hence, a transactional theoretical approach was adopted. The study utilized observation and ethnological research methods in conjunction with surveys conducted with the residents of historic quarters in Bursa, which is one of the most historical cities in Turkey, a developing nation. The case study findings and policy recommendations on sustainable urban development in historic cities were addressed in the final section of the present study. Keywords: Urban Sustainability; Compact City; Traditional Neighborhood; Turkey; Bursa Published by ISDS LLC, Japan | Copyright © 2017 by the Author(s) | This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
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Chapter 5 Tales of Viziers and Wine: Interpreting Early Ottoman Narratives of State Centralization Dimitri Kastritsis The dominant paradigm of Ottoman state-building is one of progressive cen- tralization and institutionalization, from the late fourteenth to the mid- sixteenth century ce. This paradigm was first developed by Paul Wittek in the 1930s, and later refined by Halil İnalcık and others.1 According to Wittek’s well- known thesis, the Ottoman state-building venture was at first an egalitarian affair. Frontiersmen with a more or less tribal and nomadic background, pos- sessing a deep religious devotion embodied by holy men, carried out religious- ly motivated raids (ġazā) into Christian territory. By means of such activity, they were able to push the frontiers of Islam from the Anatolian borders of Byzantium to the Danube and Adriatic. But as the borders of their principality grew and its frontier advanced into Europe, a hinterland developed, in which the need for central state institutions became apparent. Such institutions were modelled on those already present in other Islamic states. They included shariʿa courts, taxation based on population surveys, and employment of slaves in the army and state administration. Since at first the Ottoman princi- pality consisted of territory newly conquered for Islam, in order to build such institutions, there was a need for scholars (ulema, Ar. ʿulamāʾ) imported from outside the Ottoman borders. Members of this new class (distinct from the holy men already mentioned) entered the Ottoman domains from rival Mus- lim principalities to the east. At first they mainly came from the neighboring Turkish emirates (beyliks) of Anatolia. -
Bursa 2020 Yılı 1/100 000 Ölçekli Çevre Düzeni Planı Plan Kararları Ve
BURSA 2020 YILI 1/100 000 ÖLÇEKL İ ÇEVRE DÜZEN İ PLANI PLAN KARARLARI VE UYGULAMA HÜKÜMLER İ I. AMAÇ Bursa 2020 Yılı 1/100.000 Ölçekli Çevre Düzeni Planı, 2020 yılını hedef alarak, Bursa İl’inde sürdürülebilir, ya şanabilir bir çevre yaratılmasını; tarımsal, turistik ve tarihsel kimli ğinin korunmasını ve Türkiye’nin kalkınma politikası kapsamında sektörel geli şme hedeflerine uygun olarak belirlenen planlama ilkeleri do ğrultusunda sa ğlıklı geli şmeyi ve büyüme hedeflerini sa ğlamayı amaçlamaktadır. II. KAPSAM Bu çevre düzeni planı, Bursa İl’i bütününü kapsayan plan onama sınırları içinde; bu planın amacına yönelik planlama ilke ve hedeflerini, ana kararlarını, geli şme önerilerini ve sorunlara müdahale stratejilerini kapsamaktadır. III. TANIMLAR 3.1. Planlama Bölgesi: Geli şme potansiyeli olan kentsel kullanım bölgeleriyle bunların etkile şim alanlarını kapsayan mevcut ve öneri nüfus, i şgücü ve benzeri konularda kararlar getirilen ve planlama alanları belirlenen bölgelerdir. 3.2. Planlama Bölgesi Dı şındaki Alanlar: Geli şme potansiyeli dü şük olan, çevresi ile etkile şim içinde bulunmayan bu nedenle kendi ihtiyacı ve bu planın ilke ve hedefleri do ğrultusunda uygulama yapılacak ve gerekti ğinde alt ölçekte karar üretilebilecek alanlardır. 3.3. Metropoliten Alan: Bu planla sınırları belirlenen Bursa Büyük Şehir Belediyesi etkile şim alanıdır. Bu alan içinde planlama bölgeleri olu şturulmu ştur. 3.4. Metropoliten Alan Planlama Bölgeleri: Metropoliten alan dahilinde olu şturulan planlama bölgeleridir. 3.4.1. Mudanya-Gemlik Planlama Bölgesi Bu planlama bölgesinde iki farklı yerle şim merkezi odaklı iki ayrı planlama bölgesi olu şturulmu ştur: 3.4.1.1. Mudanya Planlama Bölgesi 1 Mudanya Belediyesi belediye sınırı, Altınta ş, Göynüklü, Ça ğrı şan, Nilüfer, Bademli, Hasköy, Mürsel, Aydınpınar, Yörükali, I şıklı, Kumyaka köylerinin tapulama sınırları, Güzelyalı Belediyesi belediye sınırı, Zeytinba ğı Belediyesi belediye sınırı, Yalıçiftlik, Esence, Sö ğütpınar, E ğerce, Mesudiye köylerinin tapulama sınırını kapsayan planlama bölgesidir. -
Bursa Ili Maden Ve Enerji Kaynaklari
BURSA İLİ MADEN VE ENERJİ KAYNAKLARI Bursa ili Marmara bölgesinin güneyinde yer alır, sanayi ve ekonomi bakımından Türkiye’nin önemli illerinden biridir. Bursa ilinin arazisi volkanik bir yapıya sahiptir. Türkiye Deprem Haritasına göre, Marmara çevresinde aktif fayların bulunması nedeniyle, Bursa 1. Derece deprem kuşağı içinde yer almaktadır. Bursa ve civarını etkilemesi beklenen sismik faaliyetin kaynağı, Marmara denizindeki faylar, Geyve-İznik fayında Bursa ve civarındaki faylardır. Bursa ilinde küçük fayların yanında, Kuzey Anadolu Fayı ile ilişkili gelişen büyük ölçekli faylar, genç birimleri denetlemektedirler. Bursa ili sosyo-ekonomik bakımdan Türkiye'nin en gelişmiş illerindendir. İlin zengin yer altı kaynakları da sanayisinin gelişmesinde etkili olmuştur. Bursa ilindeki jeolojik çeşitlilik beraberinde birçok cevherleşmeyi de getirmiştir. Genel Müdürlüğümüzün Bursa ili ve yakın çevresinde yaptığı çalışmalar sonucunda önemli endüstriyel hammadde ve metalik maden yatak ve zuhurları ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Metalik madenler bakımından ildeki önemli metalik madenler altın, antimuan, bakır-kurşun- çinko, krom, nikel, manganez, molibden ve volframdır. Bunlardan 3.027 gr/ton Au tenörlü altın İnegöl-Sülüklügöl sahasında tespit edilmiş olup, 19.846 ton görünür+muhtemel, 17.407 ton mümkün rezerv belirlenmiştir. Sahada aynı zamanda %6.5 antimuan tenörlü 14.400 ton antimuan rezervi bulunmaktadır ve yataktan geçmiş yıllarda 1000 ton kadar cevher üretilmiştir. İldeki diğer antimuan cevherleşmeleri Keles ilçesinde gözlenmektedir. Bunlardan % 1.6-2.7 MoS2 tenörlü Kozbudaklar yatağında geçmiş yıllarda bir miktar üretim yapılmıştır. Sahada aynı zamanda % 0.3 WO3 tenörlü 210.00 ton mümkün rezerve sahip wolfram cevherleşmeleri de tespit edilmiştir. Bursa ilinde önemli bakır-kurşun çinko sahaları yer almaktadır. Bakır-kurşun-çinko cevherleşmeleri yoğun olarak İnegöl ilçesinde gözlenmektedir. Bunlardan en önemlileri İnegöl ilçesindeki Hayriye ve Saadet Köyleri sahalarındaki cevherleşmeleridir.