‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Vienna Center forTaiwan Studies October 25th, 2019 AULA am Campus Program overview

Your host for the international conference on Taiwan‘s Organization Committee Cultural Diplomacy is the Vienna Center for Taiwan Studies (VCTS) at the University of Vienna, Austria. Managing Director: Astrid Lipinsky 13:00 Registration and coffee To us, the many forms of cultural diplomacy seem a Organization Team: Raphael Zachhuber 《台灣電影的歷史跫音》 Opening: Congratulary remarks & Welcome suitable content to celebrate our first decade since the Kuan-Hsien Liu 14:15 14:00 The Musical Footsteps of Taiwanese Film founding of VCTS in 2009 when we also established our Stefanie Yu History part 1 Head of University Prof Dr. Engl website at http:tsc.univie.ac.at you can find English and Josef Yu Taiwan Delegate to Austria Vanessa Shih Chinese language booklets on our work. 歌手，班多鈕手風琴： 吳睿然 二、高山青/Green Moutain (1947) 《阿里山風雲》電影主題歌/Theme song Head of Department of Graphic Design: Tu Lan Ta Bandoneón/Vocal: Wu Ruei-Ran 小提琴： 浅山 薫 of the film “Turbulence on the Ali Mountain” Prof. Dr. C. Goebel The cultural diplomacy activities by VCTS include Opening Violin: Asayama Kaoru (1947) Vienna Center for Taiwan Studies Managing Taiwan teaching, Taiwan research (and conference pre- Director Dr. Astrid Lipinsky sentations of results), Taiwan academic conferences, 一、望春風/Longing for the Spring Breeze 詞曲：張徹

Your host Your Vienna Taiwan Lectures (by European and Taiwanese (1933) Lyrics/Music: Zhang Che experts), peer-reviewed publishing and Taiwan film 《望春風》電影主題歌/Theme song 三、燒肉粽/Hot Rice Dumpling (1949) screenings. of the film “Longing for the Spring Breeze” (1938) 《燒肉粽》電影主題歌/Theme song of the film “Hot Rice Dumpling” (1969) 作詞：李臨秋, 作曲：鄧雨賢 詞曲：張邱東松 With the support of: Lyrics: Lee Lin-Chiu Music: Deng Yu-Shien Lyrics/Music: Zhang Chiu Dong-Song Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Exploring the Idea of Contact Zone in the System of International Relations in The Globalized Taiwan Studies and its Relevance to Taiwan’s Cultural Diplomacy East Asia

The position of Taiwan in the system of international The presentation will explore how Taiwan has been The rise of institutionalized Taiwan Studies began in development of the new academic field of Taiwan relations in East Asia has always been contested. This coping with this challenging situation ever since, and Taiwan in the 1990s, initiated in and studies beginning in the 1990s will then be analyzed. presentation looks at this phenomenon and uses the how its way of coping with the situation has profoundly spreading to many other universities. category of contact zone to explain it. shaped its culture. Finally, I will take a further step to argue and advocate Then it witnessed the establishment of three regional that the globalized Taiwan studies can and should be Susanne Weigelin-Schwiedrzik Michael Hsin-Huang Hsiao It argues that the region of East Asia is characterized associations of Taiwan studies in North America, Japan considered as a useful intellectual tool and cultural University of Vienna Academia Sinica by the competition between two potential centers, and Europe. At the same time, quite a few universities product to promote cultural diplomacy for Taiwan and Japan, which have reached out to contact around the world also set up Taiwan studies-related around the world.

zones such as Manchuria, Korea, Taiwan and the Ryukyu centers and programs. 15:30 - 16:15 (break) Opening keynote 2 Islands in order to impose their dominance over the region. Hence, such new intellectual trend can be described as the globalization of Taiwan studies beyond Taiwan.

15:15 (break) Since the second half of the 19th century, China first In this keynote speech, I will first discuss the origins, lost its center position to Japan, after WW II to two development, and institutional characteristics of external powers, the US and the SU. Taiwan studies in both Taiwan and outside Taiwan. Opening keynote 1 Opening keynote 14:30 -

Recently, the competition between Japan and China Then I will delineate the paradigm features of Taiwan for the center position has been re-opened. Under studies inside and outside Taiwan. The close connection these conditions, Taiwan has to define and re-define its of the great social, cultural and political transformation position (Lin Man Houng) time and again. of Taiwan since the 1980s and the institutional Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Cultural Diplomacy: What is it? What is it not? And why should Taiwan care? Delimiting ‘Cross-Strait Studies’ (跨岸研究)

Cultural diplomacy has long been recognized as a and suggest that governments work best by facilitating The ‘Taiwan Studies’ field has been soundly institutio- However, interaction does also happen in other places means of international engagement, but now it is often cultural relations, nurtured by the cultural industries nalized over the last 15 years. Efforts have been made in China and overseas. Cross-strait studies highlight in- confused with public diplomacy, cultural relations, and themselves with little political involvement. to define its relations to the ‘China Studies’ field in an teraction in social action fields (or contact zones) such so-called „soft power“. effort to delimit the former from the latter – an im- as companies, residential compounds, pilot free trade The paper will use a variety of case-studies to intro- portant move to legitimate faculty positions for Taiwan zones or other settings in which Mainland Chinese and Gary Rawnsley Gunter Schubert Governments around the world, including Taiwan, pri- duce these concepts but will focus specifically on scholars within or without China studies departments. Taiwanese (as residents, employees, businesspeople, Nottingham University Tuebingen University vilege the attraction of cultural programs to generate Taiwan which is only just beginning to appreciate the students of tourists) interact, producing a ‘third space’ and ERCCT familiarity with their countries and elicit support for value of both cultural diplomacy and cultural relations. Meanwhile, the reality of economic and social interac- between China’ and Taiwan’s gaze on the other.

their national values, political agendas, and foreign tion between the PRC and Taiwan over the last three 17:25 policy ambitions. decades has arguably produced a new research field: In this space, both Mainland Chinese and Taiwanese Closing keynote

‘Cross-Strait’ studies. Research in this field takes stock ‘perform’ to satisfy the political and ideological requi- - However, it is not clear that governments understand and investigates the manifold dimensions of everyday rements of the official cross-strait relationship but, at 18:10 (break)

17:15 (break) adequately how to mobilize the talents of the cultural contact between Main-land Chinese and Taiwanese in the same time, assure their mutual existence as industries to further engage with audiences overseas. both China and Taiwan. human beings. Afternoon keynote 16:30 - In this keynote address I will outline the concept of Geographically spoken, they may foremost focus on concept of cultural diplomacy and differentiate it from cross-strait interaction between Taiwan on the one other types of strategic communications. In particular, hand and China’s southeastern provinces – Guangdong, I will consider the limitations of cultural diplomacy Fujian, Zhejiang – on the other. Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

October 25th, 2019 October 26th, 2019 AULA am Campus SIN 1 Department of East Asian Studies/Sinology Program overview Program overview

《台灣電影的歷史跫音》 Panel 1: Taiwan Film as a Cultural Diplomacy Tool Panel 3: Diplomacy in New Forms with other Addressees The Musical Footsteps of Taiwanese Film History part 2 Chair: Lara Momesso Chair: Sascha Klotzbücher 18:15 一、亞細亞的孤兒 /Asian Orphan (1983) Corrado Neri Caroline Zillessen 14:00 – 15:30 《異域》電影主題歌/Theme Song of the film “A Home Too 09:00 – 11:00 Ming-Yeh T. Rawnsley Chung Yin Tommy Kwan Far” (1990) Yu-Wen Fu Albert Wei-Min Tang 詞曲：羅大佑 Astrid Lipinsky Lyrics/Music: Luo Da-You 15:30 – 16:15 break 11:00 – 11:10 break 二、野玫瑰 /Heidenroeslein (Little Rose of the Field) Film: The Incident (1979/12/10) 40 (1771 / 1815) 歌手，班多鈕手風琴： 小提琴：浅山 薫 Panel 2: Taiwan Studies and Taiwan Centers: Years: The Taiwan Research Foundation Panel 1-4 《海角七號》電影主題歌/Theme song of the film “Cape 吳睿然 Violin: Asayama Kaoru A Global Comparison remembers Huang Hsin-Chieh (1928-1999) No.7” (2008) Bandoneón/Vocal: Chair: Michael Hsin-Huang Hsiao

德文原詩：歌德，作曲：舒伯特 Wu Ruei-Ran 11:10 – 12:40 Panel 4: Government Actions and Cultural Lyrics: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Music: Franz Schubert André Laliberté & Scott Simon Diplomacy Impact(s) 中文譯詞：周學普 作曲：吳睿然 Lara Momesso & Niki Alsford Chair: Helmut Opletal Chinese Lyrics: Chou Shue-Pu Simona Grano Music: Wu Ruei-Ran 16:15 – 18:00 Christian Goebel Ending: Musical Interlude 三、八萬五千六百三十七/ Eighty-five Thousand Six Hundred 18:30 Buffet dinner and informal conclusion with Austrian wine 12:40 – 14:00 lunch break I-Ming Liao and Thirty-seven (2010) Jens Damm 《當愛來的時候》電影配樂 / Original filmscore for the film “When Love Comes” (2010) Dinner for invited guests (conference speakers) Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Cinema as Diplomatic Cultural Tool Screening Taiwan Soft Power: Film Festivals in and about Taiwan

I have been working on cinema history and theory content, aimed public) for possible future events that As Dina Iordanova (2010: 18–19) has noted, ‘There is since many years, focusing on Taiwan studies. In 2018 I enhance public and scholars interest s for Taiwan disparity in the behaviour of countries when it comes organised an international workshop Taiwan Lost Com- studies. to festivals organised with the mandate to promote mercial Cinema with the unevaluable help of the Centre national cinemas. Culturel de Taiwan à Paris and Ministry of culture. Corrado Neri Ming-Yeh T. Rawnsley This disparity is often linked to the availability of Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3 Centre of Taiwan Studies, In April 2019 I’ll be part (with my esteemed colleague resources directed to culture. […] A country like Taiwan SOAS, University of London Wafa Ghermani) of a series of discussions and presen- which seeks state recognition, uses film festivals as an

tations at Cinemathèque Française in occasion of a important tool in international relations.’ 09:00 – 11:00 (break) retrospective dedicated to Taiwan cinema in the 70s.

This paper surveys film festivals in and about Taiwan to Panel 1 These events have striking similarities (public provide the above statement with a clearer context and screening introduced by academic discussion) but investigate how Taiwan uses film festivals as a tool of Panel 1 Panel very different scope – commercial screenings vs free cultural diplomacy to screen the island’s soft power. academic event. 09:00 – 11:00 (break) I will analyse the result of these two events in the light of cultural diplomacy, and try to highlight the good and bad experiences, and think strategies (communication, Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Articulate Taiwan: Cultural Diplomacy through Films Heartbreaker Taiwan: Emotionalizing Cultural Diplomacy in Film

From New Taiwan Cinema to the emerging Post-New identity under political suppression, especially during The current Taiwanese government systematically But although the foreign nationality has changed, Taiwan Cinema, Taiwanese films have been on the fort difficult times such as the 228 Massacre. In Puppet supports the national, regional and global export of today‘s foreigners do no longer attempt to leave Taiwan front of cultural diplomacy, raising Taiwan’s visibility Master, Master Lee’s puppets put on Japanese costume films as a form of cultural diplomacy. (for Japan or for the US), but decide to stay and make through a rich variety of activities such as international and promote Japanese policy in Japanese language. Taiwan the accepting and diverse place. film festivals, programs of Taiwan Studies in various Films are able to represent the values that Taiwan Yu-Wen Fu Astrid Lipinsky European and North American academic institutions, as And when the KMT came, his puppets changed into wishes to be known for internationally. The stories told The paper shows that the importance of film as a National University of University of Vienna Kaohsiung well as traditional and new social media highlights. Chinese costume and promoted KMT policy in Manda- by Taiwanese films upgrade the diverseness and inclu- cultural diplomacy tool is increased by emotionalizing rin. The new Taiwan Cinema contributed to decenter siveness of Taiwan‘s society to romance and emotional the foreign-Taiwanese relationships.

This paper analyzes the transition in two important the KMT’s monolingual policy and essentialist historical relationships. 09:00 – 11:00 (break) phases of Taiwanese films in relation to the question of perspective, showing the world multicultural elements

cultural diplomacy—the New Taiwan Cinema mo- accumulated in Taiwan through successive colonial In film, Taiwan is pictured as an open and welcoming Panel 1 vement and the Post-New Taiwan Cinema move-ment. histories. society by bi-national love relationships without any Although deployed multiple languages—Japanese, ethnic prejudice. Panel 1 Panel Taiwanese, Hakka, Mandarin, etc., the New Taiwan However, it portrays a picture of the Taiwanese who are Cinema deliver a sense of powerlessness and inarticu- struggling, unable to articulate who they are. ... While in „Cape No 7“ (2008), the lovers both in colonial

09:00 – 11:00 (break) lation. times and today are Japanese-Taiwanese, today‘s ‚for- eign part‘ changes from Japanese (during the Japanese For example, in its signature film A City of Sadness, colonialization of Taiwan) to American Allen today in the main character Wen-Ching is symbolically deaf and „Welcome to the Happy Days“ (2016). mute, symbolizing inability to articulate history and For further Informations pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Taiwan Studies in Canada: Addressing Challenges of the 21st Century Taiwan Studies and Post-1992 Institutions in the UK

Taiwan Studies in Canada has steadily grown over This paper explores the experience of the Taiwan In June 2018 the University of Central Lancashire laun- The Programme of Asia Pacific Studies at UCLan is the past two decades. Taiwan Studies research chairs Research Chair in Ottawa. The two co-chairs, Professor ched the Northern Institute of Taiwan Studies (NorITS), an example. With an increasing number of students financed by the ROC Ministry of Education have given André Laliberté and Professor Scott Simon, have colla- a new institute devoted to the promotion of Taiwan and enrolling in this programme, and a relatively stable rate Taiwan Studies stronger institutional support. borated from the beginning in order to integrate Taiwan Taiwan Studies in the UK, more precisely in Northern of students interested in the Chinese language path, a Studies into the teaching and research activities of England. fertile field presented to Taiwan Studies. André Laliberté & Such research chairs have been established at universi- their respective academic units. Scott Simon University of Ottawa ties in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Québec. Although the UK is one of the pioneers with regard to Hence two Taiwan specialists in this institution decided At the University of Ottawa, the Taiwan Studies chair Professor Laliberté, specialist in religion, diversity, Taiwan Studies in Europe, with its Centre of Taiwan to develop a Taiwan Studies programme. Thanks to 11:10 – 12:40 (lunch break) since 2013 has made it possible to offer Taiwan Studies and most recently on the work of care, in the School Studies at SOAS, and, later on, the Taiwan Studies Pro- the effort of these scholars and to the support of the courses, fund graduate student field research, and host of Political Studies, has invited speakers in political gramme at Nottingham University, not much has been School of Language and Global Studies, NorITS was

public lectures. science and supervised political science students doing done beyond these two high rank institutions. established in 2018. Panel 2 their MA or PhD on topics related to Taiwan. The presence of a Taiwan Studies Research Chair on This is a contradiction, considering the fact tha In this earlier stage, NorITS has extensively drawn from Panel 2 Panel campus has contributed to greater interest in Taiwan, Professor Simon, specialist in indigenous rights and the higher education environment in the UK is very the University finances: two new members of staff were Lara Momesso making it possible to take students on field research environmental knowledge in the School of Sociological dynamic. Indeed, the passage of the Further and Higher recruited with a permanent contract in September & Niki Alsford courses in and Hualien and to make Taiwan into and Anthropological Studies, has invited speakers in Education Act in 1992 allowed the emergence of new 2018, to reach a total of four members devoted to run University of Central 11:10 – 12:40 (lunch break) a priority country for university-based international sociology and anthropology, and supervised graduate programmes of Asian and/or Chinese studies throug- NorITS, most academic activities, such as workshop, Lancashire research funding. students... hout the UK. movie screenings, guest talks, roundtables, ...

For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Taiwan Studies Project at the University of Zurich Raising the Voice for Taiwan: From National Experiences to Transnational Options

On August 23, 2017 the Chinese Studies Department general public of Switzerland. The project has started Taiwan´s special political situation within the interna- nmental activities. What are the most useful resources of the Institute of Asian and Oriental Studies (IAOS) officially in September 2017 and we shall seek to tional arena requires special attention. In the context and tools? How to efficiently combine resources to at the University of Zurich has signed a Memorandum prolongate it for three more years. of diplomatic isolation, cultural diplomacy is gaining increase Taiwans international visibility? of Understanding for a two-year project, funded by greater importance. When traditional diplomacy fails, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China, for Possibility of exchanging views with Vienna, on how cultural diplomacy becomes an inseparable part of the Over the last decades NPOs have been collecting a wide Simona Grano Caroline Zillessen sponsoring various Taiwan-related activities at IAOS. to make the center a permanent fixture at UZH are construction of a nations´ image within the internatio- variety of experiences in this field of action. Altogether, University of Zurich extremely welcome and we shall attempt to pinpoint in nal community. cultural diplomacy helps Taiwan to shape a cultural Two conferences have already fallen under the scope of detail what kind of cultural and academic events have policy and cultural identity which affects people abroad

this grant, such as the annual meeting of the European had what kind of impact on the general public and th- In the first part this paper focuses on chances and and makes them show empathy and – at its very best 14:00 – 15:30 (break) Association of Taiwan Studies; its focus was mostly on erefore what we deem as “appropriate” and successful limitations for non-profit organizations in the spheres – solidarity.

academic and scholarly events during the first year and to share the knowledge of Taiwan and its history while of cultural diplomacy by portraying successful and less Panel 3 on the acquisition of important databases and library increasing its soft power around the world. successful elements of cultural diplomacy. Non-profit After being expelled from the UN in 1971, Taiwan had to resources, as well as on inviting Taiwanese lecturers organizations are dedicated to a public purpose. Regar- design new diplomatic strategies. As Rawnsley (2014) Panel 2 Panel and scholars to hold seminars at our institute, during ding Taiwan nonprofit organizations (NPO) are generally pointed out informal diplomacy began to play a bigger the second year. supporting Taiwan`s international communication. role. NPOs within bilateral contexts became all of a sudden an essential player in (re-)establishing bilateral 11:10 – 12:40 (lunch break) The project also aims at improving the offer of Theyconstantly work on reinforcing its national bran- relations after the diplomatic breakdown, ... Taiwan-related courses taught by academic staff at the ding and present Taiwan and its issues to the institute and at making Taiwan cultural and historical international community. By doing this, they are provi- events and its special political status, known to the ding a platform for non-governmental and semi-gover- For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Recognising Taiwan in Hong Kong: A Case Study of Taiwan Public Diplomacy Taipei Taiwan’s Cultural Diplomacy with Young Blood: an Investigation to Chinese Youth (the Kwang-Hwa Information and Culture Centre in Hong Kong) Goodwill Mission (1974-1999) and International Youth Ambassador Program (2009-2018)

Taiwan is often challenged and restricted in the arena Interest classes, for instance, mandarin and calligraphy Cultural diplomacy, either practiced under Cold example of cultural diplomacy for Taiwan can promote of international politics. Under the threat of the classes were held by the centre in the early years. This War détente, Martial Law era, and post-Martial Law with the rest of the world. In early years, Taiwan’s col- PRC, Taiwan’s formal diplomacy has suffered heavily culturally-focused office has reached a certain degree democratization, has been positioned in relation to legiate students are selected and sent for delegations in recent years. However, Taiwan still maintained of success in recent years as it has actively organizing identity politics and subjectivity of Taiwan, among to mostly the United States. “non-diplomatic” relationships with different countries events, such as giving prominent Taiwanese artists and other things, envisioning alternative self-empowering Chung Yin Tommy Kwan Albert Wei-Min Tang and cities to facilitate political and cultural exchanges writers talks, organizing the annual “Taiwan Month” to potential in encountering cultural Others in performan- In the mid-1980s, delegations were sent to Asia and Hong Kong and Department Fu-Jen Catholic University of Politics and International through establishing quasi-diplomatic offices just promote cultural exchange across the strait. ces, presentations, on stage and behind the screen. the Pacific region. Ans starting in 1986, the first CYGM Studies at SOAS, like the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative group was recruited to visit Europe and the Middle East. University of London Office(TECRO). As the name of the office suggests, These events are always popular and have good This research, while aiming at unveiling historiography IYA program, initiated with a NGO-minded service 14:00 – 15:30 (break) “economy” and “culture” is of equal importance as turn-out rates, and most importantly, Kwang Hwa has of Chinese Youth Goodwill Mission, student talent learning attitude, started in 2009 to send small groups,

Taiwan’s soft power appeal. promoted Taiwan’s cultural influence in Hong Kong groups delegated to diplomatic allies and friendly areas usually composed of 6 students and 1 supervisor, to Panel 3 under the façade of the Centre’s apolitical background. between 1974 to 1999, also attempts to map out the Taiwan’s diplomatic and/or friendly allies, such as Unlike other TECRO around the world, Taiwan has a Coincides with this transformation, directors of Kwang cultural diplomacy of MOFA-sponsored International Oceania, Africa, USA, Latin America, and at times, to Panel 3 Panel different tactic for the Special Administrative Region of Hwa have changed from technocrat to leaders from the Youth Ambassador Program initiated from 2009 until Europe and Middle East. the People’s Republic of China (PRC) – Hong Kong. For- cultural sector, for instance, well-known writers. This now.

14:00 – 15:30 (break) merly known as the “Free China Review Society”, the cultural centre, directly operated under the Ministry of The research expected to give a detailed exploration to “Kwang Hwa Information and Cultural Centre”(光華 Culture, is playing a prominent role in promoting ... CYGM project has been through Cold War era, Martial the chronicle the vissicitudes of CYGM project in the 新聞文化中心) under the Ministry of Culture in Hong Law period, pre-UN and post-Martial times. Before the 26-year spectrum (1974-1999), ... Kong was set up in 1994 to promote Taiwanese culture. uplifting of Martial Law, it was THE only program that For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at young Taiwanese students can go abroad. And the best For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

The Kaohsiung Incident (1979/12/10) 40 Years: The Taiwan Research Foundation Democracy as soft power? How Taiwan‘s presidents frame Taiwan‘s remembers Huang Hsin-Chieh (1928-1999) political system

黃信介：戰後台灣民主運動第一領導者紀錄片 sentenced to 14 years in prison. One of the defense Most Asian countries are ruled by an authoritarian Huang Hsin-Chieh: The Champion Leader of the Post- lawyers of 1979/ 80 is Prime Minister in today‘s Taiwan government, and Taiwan is one of the few examples of War Taiwanese Democracy Movement (Su Tseng-Chang). a consolidated democracy in the region.

From the late 1950s, Huang engaged in politics, Members of Huang‘s network later became chairmen To what extent have Taiwan‘s presidents used Taiwan‘s supported many candidates outside of the ruling KMT Christian Goebel of the Democratic Progressive Party, including Huang successful democratisation as a means of soft power? and was himself elected Taipei city legislator with 33. University of Vienna himself (1988). Drawing on 13.123 presidential speeches, this study When he was 41, in 1969, he became the youngest analyses how each president framed Taiwan‘s political member of the in history. system, and to the values guiding Taiwan‘s internatio- 16:15 – 18:00 (dinner) nal relations. Huang was the originator and the leader of multiple Panel 4 activities of non-KMT politicians around the Formosa Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA), collocations extraction Magazine. He organized and funded series of nationwi- and semantic network analysis will be used to identify

Panel 3 Panel de discussion meetings, service points and affiliated trends; qualitative discourse analysis will be employed societies. The first issue of Formoza Magazine sold to interpret key documents. 70.000 copies, an amount that has not been reached by 14:00 – 15:30 (break) any other political monthly till today.

In the Formosa Trial of 51 defendants for their parti- cipation in the Kaohsiung protest march, Huang was Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Knowing Taiwan as a Post-Confucian Island with Reflexive Law Theory Rethinking Gender Equality in Taiwan: The Constitutional Court Decision

Taiwan, with newly democratized, legalized political responsibility for the outcome of social processes, Without much doubt, Taiwan has become a vibrant ety, which already has undergone transformation from regime and post-industrial society, majority of its reflexive law restricts itself to the installation, cor- democracy in Asia, with elements of multiculturalism, a authoritarianism and one-party rule to democracy. people is still influenced by Confucian teachings to rection, and redefinition of democratic self-regulatory strong civil society and maybe most astonishing with a some extent. mechanisms. strong emphasis on gender equality and most recently Taiwan, itself, is divided on how to react to these even marriage equality seemed to be on its way. developments: for the green camp (the independence I-Ming Liao Jens Damm At legal and political fields, it is now suffering that so Comparing to it, Confucian legal thoughts emphasized leaning camp) the strong focus on human rights in National University of Kaohsiung many command and control regulations made by gover- teaching and moral guidance rather than penal law as However, recent polls and referenda showed that Taiwan, including marriage equality, and the vibrant nment been questioned as ill-equipped to deal with the instruments for the government of the people. So there theere is a conservative majority in Taiwan feeling civil society prove to the world that Taiwan is different

tremendous pressure of societal complexity. are some sorts of similarity between reflexive law and being thrown into a global discourse with which thez from the PRC and needs support because “Taiwan is 16:15 – 18:00 (dinner) Confucian legal thoughts. cannot identify. the beacon for freedom in Asia”.

Under such circumstances, some reflexive law pro- Panel 4 grams have been proposed but until now receive no My paper will first offer a brief comparison of reflexive In more detail, Taiwan’s constitutional court decision In addition, for the” green camp” section of Taiwan’s positive response. To explore the question that: why the law theory and Confucian legal thoughts by their three that if a specific law is not introduced within two civil society, adherence to global human rights, inclu- Panel 4 Panel reflexive law programs could not be well accepted by dimensions: justification of law, external functions of years, the definition of marriage will automatically ding the protection of minorities, cultural diversity and current Taiwan society will be very helpful at under- law, and internal structure of law. Second, my paper include gays and lesbians has now again led to a new now, also, marriage equality, serves as soft power for

16:15 – 18:00 (dinner) standing the Confucianism influence and its variety at will identify the characteristics of post-Confucian referendum on the issue. Interesting enough, the main the island in its struggle for sovereignty, since indepen- post-modern Taiwan. Taiwan society and its trouble experiences that result opponents are US influential evangelicals which formed dence in the sense of recognition by the United Nations from conflicts between its modernization, ... a coalition with more traditional religious groups. seems to be out of the question.... Reflexive law theory is characterized by a new kind of legal self-restraint. Instead of taking over regulatory For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan is widely perceived as “the other” Chinese soci- For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

October 27th, 2019 Solidarity of the Peripheries: Comparing and Connecting Taiwan and Austria SIN 1 Department of East Asian Studies/Sinology in the Music Historiographies Program overview

One way of connecting the variously isolated Taiwan Germany at World War II, as a reference society for Panel 5: Listening to Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy in Music Campus walk (guided tour) in German with with other parts of the world is by comparison. Only Taiwan, also to deconstruct the “imperial gaze” much Chair: Susanne Weigelin-Schwiedrzik Chinese translation that the aspects of comparison must be carefully suspected in post-colonial studies. selected to avoid partiality or even chauvinism. L. K. Kam 15:00 – 16:30 10:00 – 12:00 It is true that these two countries arrived at their Ming Wang L. K. Kam Music seems to be an unlikely candidate, for itis current relatively peri-pheral positions differently: Nancy Guy National Chiaotung Guo-Ting Lin almost non-comparable in its exclusiveness, ever since Austria was reduced to a rump state after the empire’s University nationalism in the nineteenth century has appropriated defeat in World War I, Taiwan remained colonized after 12:00 – 12:10 break Johann Gottfried Herder’s romantic view of music being the Japanese transferred power to the Nationalist-cont- 10:00 – 12:00 (break) the authentic manifestation of a people’s uniqueness. rolled Republic of China government who fled to Taiwan Panel 6: Teaching Chinese as Taiwan‘s Cultural

Diplomacy Tool after losing the mainland to the Communists in 1949. Panel 5 Chair: Susanne Weigelin-Schwiedrzik Yet how the writing of music history was employed in different nationbuilding processes, for example, could Even so, this study locates three moments in their music 12:10 – 13:00 Jade Tsui-Yu Lee & Yuan-Tse Yu

Panel 5-6 Panel be compared, with methodology inspired by the his- historiographies that should be comparable: firstly, Samuel Cheng-Ming Chung toriographical endeavor to get beyond the nationstate when supremacy of a pan German or pan-Chinese music by intercultural and comparative approaches since the heritage was claimed for Austria or Taiwan respectively; 13:00 – 14:00 lunch break 1990s (Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, Jürgen Kocka et al.). secondly, when an independent but unified and hegemo- Concluding remarks nic musical identity was constructed;... Astrid Lipinsky This study proposes to take Austria, elevated to the “holy land of music” right after its downfall with Nazi For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

A Review of my Experiences, and Criticism of the Music Exchange Projects Music in the Service of Cultural Diplomacy: the Youth Orchestra Tours

Whilst studying painting in the 1970‘s, I began learning to study composition in Europe; to learn the western This paper considers past efforts by the Republic This governmental support included hiring Helen Quach Chinese music. This was introduced to Taiwan from avant-garde, sothat we could enrich Chinese music. of China government to use musical diplomacy as a — who was arguably one of the world‘s most promi- after the in 1949. strategy for achieving its political goals. Beginning in nent orchestra conductors of Chinese descent at the With this goal in mind, since 1996 – during my studies 1969, the ROC government sponsored overseas tours time — to lead the ensemble. Hence my first “great love” of this music, but it was I have initiated or participated in several exchange by youth symphony orchestras. Ming Wang Nancy Guy extremely difficult to learn. Because of the political projekts between Austria and Taiwan. I try not only The 1969 youth orchestra trip to the Philippines invites California University situation with mainland China the culture of this music to present new european music in Taiwan, but also to The first of these was a tour to the Philippines by the us to question what motivated the ROC government to San Diego was totally separated from its roots. We had very limi- introduce Taiwanese musicians, Chinese instruments 54-member „Republic of China Children‘s Symphony underwrite and organize this operation. As I will descri-

ted teaching material and literature, had no systematic and music to Europe. Orchestra.“ be, the venture was impeccably curated. No detail of 10:00 – 12:00 (break) pedagogical methodology. the group‘s presentation was left to happenstance.

Twenty years later, in the age of globalisation, I often While in Manila, the orchestra gave six concerts, Panel 5 We were young and passionate at the time and wanted think about whether such exchange projects really including one before an audience of overseas Chinese, A tour in 1976 (also sponsored by the R.O.C. Ministry to find a solution, a future for this music.The introduc- make artistic sense, or whether we have gradually lost a performance at the birthday celebration for President of Education) by the Hwa-mei Chamber Orchestra Panel 5 Panel tion of Western Modernism was a great hope for us our ideals in the workings of the music business. Marcos‘s nine-year old daughter, and two concerts at toured over 25 sites in the United States. The concerts then, as it has often been in the over the opening of the Cultural Center of the Philippines. were mainly held at events in celebration of the USA‘s

10:00 – 12:00 (break) the last 150 years. With a few concrete examples, I would like to give a bicentennial; these included a high-profile concert at review of my years of experience with the music exch- The ROC Ministry of Education‘s Cultural Affairs Office New York City‘s Lincoln Center. ... While my music friends founded the first revolutionary ange projects, and offer this topic for discussion. covered all tour expenses, save a few meals treated by ensemble with Chinese instruments, to specialize in local hosts. Taiwanese and Western contemporary music, I decided For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Taiwanese Indigenous Musical Network, Indigenous Culture and the Taiwan Teach for the World: Branding Borderless Bilingual Teachers Networking on Social Media

For the Internet surfer, the social media are a way ers, this research uses the term ’social media’ with the This paper introduces a talent training program language and cross-cultural pedagogical techniques, to link the content with indigenous music randomly. characteristic of broadcasting, rather than as a social initiated at National Kaohsiung Normal University in school visits, and overseas observerships/internship However, for indigenous musicians and their fans; they networking site or for networking. Taiwan to cultivate competent and committed bilingual will be incorporated in their training to prepare them are a necessary tool for communicating their culture (Mandarin and English) graduates and professionals as for future career planning. As the trainees will be and identity with each other. In defining a social network site, Boyd & Ellison (2007: teachers around the world. The project is based on a considered as “cultural ambassadors” for Taiwan, Guo-Ting Lin 211) have described them as web-based services that mission to promote Taiwanese quality education and cross-cultural awareness and understanding will be Communication and Media Research Institute (CAMRI), This chapter discusses the social media use of indi- enable individuals to construct a public or semi-public share Taiwan’s educational resources with educational emphasized in the program. University of Westminster,

genous musicians in Taiwan. To address the issue of profile with a limited scope, to organize the connection partners all over the world. 12:10 – 13:00 (lunch break) London the process through which the Taiwanese indigenous list and to view the network of the users who have Education is a basic human right and, undoubtedly, musicians communicate culture, music and identity connections to them. The training curriculum for the project is designed to the greatest soft power. With the dedicated efforts to

with and to their audiences, the chapter will be divided meet the global trend of educational internationaliz- training Taiwan’s borderless teachers, this “Teach for Panel 6 into several sections: defining social media, the context However, social media will here be more like a broad- ation: EMI (English as a Medium of Instruction) - the the World” program hopes to work with global partners of using social media in Taiwan, and the interaction cast medium, which is not entirely open to the public use of English to teach all academic subjects; and CLIL with the shared vision to accelerate knowledge sharing, Panel 5 Panel among those in the Taiwanese indigenous musical but to a group. Compared to traditional media, the (Content and Language Integrated Learning) – teaching to foster future talents, and to access global resources Jade Tsui-Yu Lee network, indigenous culture and networking on social social media are more private, rather than being broad- both language and subject content in the context of for the benefit of all. & Yuan-Tse Yu 10:00 – 12:00 (break) media. cast to everyone, and people have the choice to refuse bilingual education. National Kaohsiung Normal membership of the group online (Miller, 2016: 2). ... University In order to emphasize the content producer’s position The program will be targeted at students and in-service in order to understand the communication process teachers who are highly motivated in cross-cultural between these indigenous musicians and their listen- For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at negotiations and mobility. In addition to their specialty, Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy A Decade of Intercultural Discovery

Seeding the Taiwanese Spirit: beginning with teaching Mandarin Chinese Concluding remarks internationally

This paper discusses Taiwan’s cultural diplomacy, education fields will be analysed. Then the difficulties „Cultural Diplomacy“ is carried out by various actors The Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy conference at the through teaching Mandarin Chinese as a foreign langu- of the cultural diplomacy will be listed for further in multiple forms and contents, and is continuously same time celebrated the tenth anniversary of VCTS. age; which approaches it implements; what the current debate. evolving. The Vienna conference could not be more but We will continue with our regular Vienna Taiwan situation is; how is Taiwan and the world influenced by a first step that has not even been able to accomodate Lectures, with teaching and publishing on Taiwan and this process and which challenges are encountered. In the second part, the suggestions will be discussed. all submissions and proposals we received. Furthermo- Taiwanese film. Samuel Cheng-Ming Chung Astrid Lipinsky The majority of teaching competition is coming from re, obvious topics of cultural diplomacy like food and University of Vienna University of Vienna Also, a few suggestions for teaching Mandarin Chinese the Hanban or Confucius institute of China, so Taiwan literature, poetry have not been addressed. We thank everybody for your support and look forward

to achieve a better efficiency will be discussed in the should find more strength to make itself visible. Well to intensified future exchange. 12:10 – 13:00 (lunch break) paper. Taiwan, Ilha Formosa (the beautiful island), has known and appreciated characteristics of its strength On the other hand, „Taiwan‘s Cultural Diplomacy“ has a diverse society in religions, cultures and ethnicities. are, having student-centred, flexible customised tea- welcomed experts from all over the world and a mix- Vienna, 25 October 2019

Under the international pressure from the other land, ching methods, and integrated adapted content etc. ture of established, experienced and junior scholars. Panel 6 Taiwan continues to promote itself for international The Vienna Center for Taiwan Studies will continue its visibility. The aforementioned suggestions come from the tea- Taiwan‘s cultural diplomacy work by first collecting A. Lipinsky Panel 6 Panel ching experience and academic knowledge of the rese- the conference papers for a future edited volume, The most moderate approach is to teach Mandarin archer, supported by an analysis of an environmentally therefore documenting the outcomes of the conference Chinese and Taiwanese culture to the world, because focused Taiwanese novel: “The man with compound and offering material for future research. We welcome 12:10 - 13:00 (lunch break) language and culture are inseparable. The paper has eyes” (Wu, 2003). ... your suggestions for topics to be added and directions two parts. The first part discusses the domestic and to follow. foreign approaches Taiwan promotes. Afterwards the influences among the foreign countries and different For further information pls. go to tsc.univie.ac.at Vienna Center for Taiwan Studies Spitalgasse 2 | Hof 2 | Tür 2.3 | A-1090 Vienna | +43-1-4277-438-44 | [email protected] | tsc.univie.ac.at